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 w‫و‬i F(-‫א‬83+‫א‬،١٢٩L٦'r K‫'א‬r‫א‬$ ،#3‫א‬E5F
w‫و‬iFF ،FF3&‫دאא‬،“FF-;$FF(ODFF%،١١٤L٤،i8FF3‫´א‬FF‫א‬،wFF^¦‫א‬FF
‫د‬$FF‫א‬$FF£
،‫د‬$FF‫א‬E6F
 ‫د‬Q‫دא‬،١١٧L٧،#m-H-XKˆ´،#•‫א‬
 3&‫دאא‬،٤٠٤L٢8Z‫جא‬9 ´‫ج‬±‫א‬b} ،b ‫א‬E7F
 3&‫دאא‬،٣٠٠L٤،‫א ع‬À P-;‫ ع‬%‫^‰א‬،K ،#c98‫א‬E8F
 ١١٧L٧،H-XKˆ´،#•‫א‬،١١٤L٤،i83‫א´א‬،‫د‬$E9F
 ٤٠٤L٢‫ج‬±‫א‬b} ،b ‫א‬E10F

١٨
F wFFQF -Á¼ » FF_
º ;¾F 8©9ْ ‫]א‬5F G¾ ‫طא ْ»א‬FF‫ن‬2© ‫و‬W‫ع‬FF %‫‰א‬FF^]jFFn‫و‬
]‫ل‬FF9)‫ض‬FF;¾  FFœ ½ ›¾KF c­TFF9)FF º ‫ »‘»א‬FF9‫ط‬FF‫ن‬2© ‫'و‬FF8‫مא‬FF3u
FF9”FF8.‫و‬
 KE١F$&‫'א‬8‫`א‬3u‫ل‬9)L‫א‬. 8d‫`א‬3u‫'و‬8^›¾Kc`-،_‫ و‬
DFu
5FG‫?אא‬W‫ل‬F F
`-F‫ و‬F-;M‫א‬P-FQ˜ F‫א‬UF;JFGF
‫א¨وא‬$‫وא‬
 E٢F?9 5.­  89
ÂFFF&-‫א‬PFFF½2‫א‬ºFF*FFF-#FFF.‫لא‬FF%‫א‬FFFG‫و‬f‫و‬FFF+‫א‬FFF8d‫א‬7FFFQ‫م‬$FFF;#FF.‫وא‬
 E٣F‫א¦ع‬#<%8©9ْ ‫א‬Â&½‫©ن‬S، < 
UFF T‫و‬b qFF‫\א‬rFF&‫א‬UFF ŽFF‫ن‬%71FFT‫ن‬FF g+‫نא‬SFF‫ل‬FF%‫אא‬aFFGPFF-;jFF ‫و‬
FFF9  iFFF*^FFF‫א‬KFFFuj .FFF ‫وق‬$ KFFF-FFF3- PFFF%8cHFFF ،(.FFFT‫א‬w‫א‬$FFFr;
  < H ^ <+
‫¦ع‬F‫
ن‬H % ، ‫¦ع‬b q‫§א‬1%‫א'א‬$،‫¦ع‬cH % ‫¦ع‬c9
W' ‫لאא‬%‫א‬
‫ن‬2‫›و‬KFFFFFFFFF_‫א و‬aFFFG‫`
ن‬9<FFF ‫ل‬FFF:aFFFK<FFF‫'א‬$FFF ^,FFF+‫א‬#FFF  FFF
 E٤FKhk‫ א‬q‫א‬$%;›7K  77Q
˜ F‫لא‬F‫ل‬FPF #F
UF;J‫د‬F #F
UF;F ‫{א‬$Œ‫א‬aGP-;‫
 د‬P-;
‫א‬FR ،F $+ `dF;‫م‬FfHF‫ و
و‬VF}‫א]א‬- 
‫ذא‬2 ‫نא‬2`-‫ و‬-;M‫א‬P-Q
F
‫و‬bF `F9،1F $Fu‫وא‬jF2]`9 F (1F‫`א‬F‘،$Fu‫وא‬LF‘]`G$F ;‫ ^ن‬
 KE٥F`9
‫ل‬F{F ?‫ل‬F F
F(9 ;M‫א‬#F_M‫א‬$8;U  nU;J$8;#
{$u‫و‬
6F‘`FG‫و‬،´ ‫א‬F!‫א‬UF J$F8;
`9-; q،Hu1‫א‬H8. `-‫ و‬-;M‫א‬P-QM‫א‬
‫زوאد‬qF J$F8; F
 qF،‫אد‬VF‫א‬bFDFZ‫\א‬8F  ^‫ذא‬2Pu nm،`9
‫و‬r
F-F-‫م‬FHF^F c%‫ن‬F3، FWh‫ود‬VF ‫ن‬F3، F-^:F‫'ذ‬F(k“!‫א‬:‫ذ‬
HF^‫م‬$%‫
ن‬G‫و‬$9  hm8‫א‬s$‫و‬E٦FJWJWT2 8KU3`-،bPu
F_‫و‬+‫א‬PF   F‫ن‬F^‫ن‬2‫و‬،‫א¦ع‬P-;`r‫¦ع‬c9  U jVn‫  
و‬Z‫א‬U

 ٣٠٠L٤،‫ ع‬%‫^‰א‬،#c98‫א‬E1F
 _H;s2U `G‫ א‬2 ‫‰ول‬+‫א‬Jr‫دא‬،١١٦٩٢´،١٨١L٦،p¦3‫א‬U 1‫א‬،#%98‫א‬E2F
 ٤٠٤L٢،‫ج‬±‫א‬b} ،b ‫א‬E3F
 ٣٦‫ص‬، q‫]<א‬w&‫و‬،`-E4F
‫ص‬،٢٤٨٦´،‫م‬FFZ‫^]א‬FF‫א‬LFF ،^FF‫א‬LFF^،hFFm8‫›א‬7FFQFF*
،hFFm8‫وאא‬، FF-;DFF& E5F
#F
Hr<FLF ، 7KF‫א‬Hr<FLF^،h‫و‬F ‫´א‬F `-1F ›7FQ،‫א دن‬F‫و‬$‫א‬F3 ‫ ”א‬،،٢٧٦
 ٢٠٠٢،١‫ط‬،‫م‬VuU ‫دאא‬،١٨٠٨‫ص‬،٢٤٩٧´،h ‫א‬P
‫ص‬،٢٤٨٣´،‫م‬FZ‫^]א‬F‫א‬LF ،^F‫א‬LF^،hFm8‫›א‬7FQF*
،hFm8-ÂF&-‫ وא‬-;D& E6F
 K١٤٧٩‫ص‬،١٩٣٥´،78‫א‬w u 2L ،$K‫א‬L^،h‫` ´א و‬-1 ›7Q،٢٧٥

١٩
$FFF9 ‫موא‬FFZ‫^]א‬FFF‫א‬LFF ”FFF^FF‫א‬LFF ”FFF$FF9 ‫א‬hFFFm8‫א‬FF^‫ذ‬$FF%‫و‬
 E١F‫وאوض‬
 FF-;M‫א‬P-FFQ˜ FF‫אא‬cqFF‫א‬FF%-
‫مو‬FF%‫”
زوאدא‬FF&X‫ل‬FF FF ;M‫א‬#FF_(-FFUFF;‫و‬
PF-;HX$F`F3- 2$ `^³%  ‫ل‬%‫¦و‬Xq(;`9%-`d‫ذن‬q`9- 2®]`-‫و‬
M‫א‬P-FQM‫لא‬F‫(ل‬9F- 2$F `G³F% F M‫لא‬FF‫ل‬%`-‫ و‬-;M‫א‬P-Q˜ ‫א‬
‫م‬F%'FZ ‫א‬PF-;F-n‫'و‬FZ:aF§1F8`FG‫
زوאد‬H<& ‫ن‬cq‫`د]א س‬-‫ و‬-;
PFu‫س‬F ‫א‬P.uF`9;‫و‬qF `GF;‫`د‬F‘ F-;€F ‫;و‬$F`-‫ و‬-;M‫א‬P-QM‫لא‬
 E٢FM‫لא‬#
‫و‬M‫א‬T2 2T‫
ن‬$9
`-‫ و‬-;M‫א‬P-QM‫א‘`للא‬
JF ‫א‬aFG5F^ F-;‫وאن‬VF}F(9  ‫س‬F&‫نא‬,F-n‫א‬U;$£
‫א م‬HŽ‫و‬
5Fu
Fƒ
W FHF،‫س‬qF  ‫ن‬3T‫
ن‬n
‫و‬،‚  ”s W‫ل‬%،J ‫א‬aG‫و‬
$F$F9  ‫س‬qF T‫ونو‬F ،DF
‫א‬aGD‫؟لא‬D‫م
وא‬Z‫]א‬Hn‫لא‬V:‫א‬
PFF  ‫و‬،#FF%- $FF <FF
$FFV‫`و‬FF9 PFF%‫א‬FF‫ذא‬2U1FFN‫نא‬FF^،‫ن‬NKFF‫א‬$FFG c
 FF `9FF-;DFF& HFFnt2 FF$FF%& ‫א‬UFF ŽFFFF%‫א‬UFF $FFu‫وא‬HFF^‫ج‬FFµ‫
ن‬$FF9 ‫א‬
‫א‬F#cqF‫د‬F`F‘`9 F $Fu‫وא‬HF. `9F-^‫و‬t2'$FU1FN‫نא‬F^‫و‬،FR‫ن‬-^q‫و‬
 E٣F 2 $:‫ذ‬H.¨
،'8FF F9%N‫`א‬9<F ‫و‬،F%-Z FG‫ز‬n
`9<FF8F8d‫א‬aFG]jF9%&‫א‬F-X‫א‬$F‫و‬
E٥F:FF ‫و‬FF& uFF
FFG‫ز‬n
$FF‫و‬،E٤FF 8d‫'وא‬FF8‫א‬FF FFQXFF 3u
FFGZ;
\8FF‫وא‬
 G‫ز‬n
8d‫`א‬3uGZ;
ha‫وא‬9 '8 9%N‫א‬ha‫
نא‬Âu‫و‬E٦F#‫א‬9 ‫و‬
'F ، F jVn‫
و‬b q‫\א‬r&‫  نא‬g+‫א‬aXq‫
ن‬U ' ‫ل‬%‫אא‬aGP-;j ‫و‬
 K(.T‫א‬w‫א‬$r;U 81
KFFm FFFF‫و‬FF9
‫س‬FF
PFF-;FF  q‫طא‬1FF ‫א‬FF3c‫
ن‬W[ FF•‫لא‬FF%‫א‬
،`FFFdU gFFF+‫صא‬mFFF ‫وא‬J‫אدא‬FFF3- UFFF;%1FFF FFF&‫و‬$FFF‫و
ن‬،-%1FFF FF8;‫א‬
‫ن‬F3c{FŒ F PF-;‫و‬9، g+‫صא‬m ‫א‬P-;&‫وقو‬$ K‫אא‬aG‫ن‬3‫و‬
 &KF ‫و‬، <F+‫ ]א‬c‫(א‬.F‫´א‬F 
t2F_ ،F  q‫`א‬9f1
U  c‫ אدא‬2
 <F+‫وقوא‬$ KF‫א‬J‫دא‬2^F‫א‬tFc‫و‬E٧FF;$+‫א‬w<‫وא‬-}‫א‬K+‫א‬#G
‫א‬aFGHF(F(* +‫א‬wF(-‫›وא‬r‫א‬F-‫א‬51FŒb qF‫\א‬rF&‫‰]א‬KF‫א‬Fd‫]
א و‬

 ،٢٧٥‫ص‬،٢٤٨٣´،‫م‬Z‫א^]א‬L ،^‫א‬L^،hm8‫›א‬7Q*
E1F
 ،٢٧٦‫ص‬،٢٤٨٤´،‫م‬Z‫א^]א‬L ،^‫א‬L^،hm8‫›א‬7Q*
،hm8‫وאא‬E2F
 ،w‫و‬i ،# ‫א‬L3‫دאא‬،٤٦٢L١٠،' %+‫א‬P-;i83‫א´א‬، ‫א‬$U U£‫א‬$8;E3F
 ١١،b q‫\א‬r&‫א‬،h%‫א‬E4F
 ١١٧L٧#m-H-XKˆ´،١١٤L٤،i83‫א´א‬١١٤L٤‫د‬$E5F
 ‫ط‬٤٠٤L٢‫ج‬±‫א‬b} ،b ‫א‬E6F
 ٩،#-3‫ א‬q‫א‬،#-8‫א‬E7F

٢٠
 <FF ‫ 
و‬FF;‫ز‬c‫(
و‬.1FFc‫وق
و‬$ KFF‫א‬wFFfu‫א‬t2 &<FFc$FF%،#&FF‫وقא‬$ KFF‫א‬
F PF-;F‫א‬LF UF $‫وق‬$ K‫א‬t2€,+‫ א‬$ ‫ن‬S#- ‫^و‬,+‫א‬P-;
 f‫و‬+‫א‬8d‫ א‬89 &‫
ن &' وא‬P-;
 F-\F DF& ‫‰
و
ن‬F+‫لא‬F+ F‫'אא‬F& ‫אط
ن‬,F‫]א‬jF(-‫א‬-X‫א‬$‫و‬
 Wt2$‫ 
وو‬1&P-;
]F‫وא‬E٢FF3+‫وא‬E١FF& N‫א‬UF $F(O 25G‫ ذ‬G‫مא!אزو‬$;‫א ول‬
 E٣F›Q ‫א‬
$Fu
FG‫`و‬G$F ;pF&‫ א‬F-;‫و‬F& N‫א‬UF FF
 F ‫ل‬F‫و‬،‫אز‬F!‫א‬G‫و‬#.‫وא‬
UFF `-FF‫ و‬F-;M‫א‬P-FFQ‫ل‬FF‫لא‬F% :FF‫ذ‬PFF-;‫ل‬$1F‫و‬E٥FFF-  N‫وא‬E٤FFF‫א‬#F
 FF‫لن‬FF%‫אא‬aFFGFFGt‫وא و‬،E٦F(-1FF+‫א‬jT$FF^FF9FF‫ند‬FF3FF ‫و‬FFŽ h,FF
FF  ‫]ز‬HFF(‫א‬FF9-;FF‫אوא‬aFFG‫?و‬h‫دאو‬FF+‫لא‬FF:aFF FF-;FF.u‫و‬FF‫א‬PFF-;kFFc
HF]5Fc‫و‬F(*;7-KF  F‫و‬L‫א‬KF‫ א‬FG‫وو‬Z  ‫
ز‬U  3u$ ; -8‫و‬
 KE٧F5Ga+‫א‬UOU G‫و‬i•‫א‬
$FFr‫;א‬UFF ‫و‬FF  q‫\א‬r‫א‬FF&‫א‬UFF ‫ن‬FF g+‫א‬$&1FF‫›
ن‬KFF‫ل‬FF%‫אא‬aFFGPFF-;jFF ‫و‬
 K‫لא ول‬%‫א‬P-;
،(.‫א‬
‫א( ع א‬
Q- ‫ א‬RS(‫زع א‬$ A-<
\rFF&‫'א‬FF‫ز‬c]#‫و‬FF‫ א‬qFF‫א‬w^FFp$FJ$FF( J$FFu‫وא‬F%f:FF G[F
،jF(-‫א‬p$F 1FOiFq1F+‫א‬aFG”‫زא‬T‫و‬،G‫د‬9n‫^א‬H3H ،b q‫א‬
 W'‫אز‬5
U(
 h‫و‬1  q‫א‬Dr‘‫و‬-£P-; -^\r&‫ز'א‬c E١F
UF;<FcaFX
UF F*u 'F U3‫ و‬q‫א‬Dr‘‫و‬-£P-; -^\r&‫ز'א‬c E٢F
 K g+‫א א‬$-%%‫א‬aG‫و‬،\‫אא‬aG81  `K‫و‬، Q
6‫د‬u

 ،6‫א‬,‫א‬ju2،٣٨٧L٣m+‫א‬$‫א‬P-;±‫دא‬،U$ ;U ‫א‬E1F


 ، ‫א‬53‫א‬ju2‫دא‬،٨٠L٤،i83‫א´א‬،‫د‬$‫א‬E2F
 3&‫دאא‬،٣٨٠L٢،8Z‫جא‬9 ´‫ج‬±‫א‬b} ،b ‫א‬E3F
،١٤٠٥# F‫א‬53+‫א‬،٣١٨L٥،&+‫א‬J$(;‫و‬8Z‫و_א‬،h‫א و‬،٣٨٧L٣،±‫دא‬،U$ ;U ‫א‬E4F
 w‫و‬i
 JG%‫א‬83 ،٩ J٨L٦،b}+‫א‬، ‫א‬$U ‫א‬E5F
 ٢٦٠‫ص‬، 8G‫و‬j+‫א‬$Qp
U L ،J1+‫א‬L^،%- hm8‫وאא‬E6F
 w‫و‬i ،# ‫א‬6‫א‬,‫א‬ju2‫دא‬،‰•‫א‬U ›n‫‰] אא‬K‫א‬،‫(ن‬-U #-;،h‫دאو‬+‫א‬E7F

٢١
§1FF%‫אא‬$FF% FF*u 'FF UFF3‫ و‬qFF‫א‬DrFF‘‫و‬FF-£PFF-; FF-^\rFF&‫'א‬FF‫ز‬c E٣F
 K§1%‫د 'א‬+‫žא‬-8+‫א‬5{Œ،b q‫א‬
€‫א‬,FF‫א‬UFF `1FFUFF3‫`و‬9FF2'$FFT‫
ن‬PFF-; gFF+‫א‬L1FFN\rFF&‫א‬$FFQ E٤F
 \r&‫ א‬2‫€د‬,­‫ذא‬S،‫دم‬%‫مא‬-b q‫א‬
K#fu‫א‬L1ut2#8‫א‬H‫\و‬r&‫א‬U jVn'‫ز‬c E٥F
،F%+‫א‬81F ‫*א‬u ' ،^‫]א‬- -V‫א‬7^\r&‫א‬U jVn'‫ز‬c E٦F
‫א‬i8F^jVFnaFXqcF9
T2،F^‫א‬P-;‫א‬n
aXqcTw^‫
ن \א‬Âu‫و‬
‫م‬F* Fa& ‫א‬F7rª‫א‬:F‫ذ‬PF-;”KF(^\r&‫א‬U ٪٩٠t2HK\r&‫א‬U
81F ‫א‬aFG$F;|q^‫א‬a9 G‫و‬١٤٢٤ ‫د‬K‫دא‬1‫]א‬w^‫א‬8‫ א‬
 E١F9)Jn
9
 -;aXg 
T2،Jn
\r&‫א‬U
1‫א( ع א‬

‫>وق א‬% ‫אل‬$ & ]<‫ز‬
]‫אل‬F ‫א‬aFGF8f‫ن‬F8'nc،9 $;‫ 
و‬q‫وقא‬$ Q‫
אل‬J^V ‫ل‬%‫نא‬2
 ‫؟‬#9%&‫א‬9&3cG ‫؟و‬93-ƒU ‫و‬،‫وق‬$ K‫א‬
‫وط‬FUF ‫و‬،Fd: T 9-;J^‫ ز‬g+‫א‬U ‫¦ع‬c9
‫لא ول‬%‫א‬P-
 K:-+‫مא‬WJ^V‫א‬
PFF-;FF 2JFF^V‫א‬FF95FFk gFF+‫א‬FF ^FFFF9
FFG‫و‬#FF.‫لא‬FF%‫א‬PFF-;FF

UF PF-;‫
و‬،FZ-•‫אلא‬F
]JF^V‫نא‬F8nUaF‫א‬jF9%&‫אلא‬F
P-;j ،^‫א‬
 KZ-• J^V‫א‬Ln‫و‬pTU P-; g+‫א‬U J^V‫א‬Ln‫” وطو‬%%
،F9-;J^‫ ز‬g(-T‫وق‬$ K-:- ‫نא אل‬J^‫{ز‬.‫لא‬%‫א‬P-;‫و‬
 K' ‫لאא‬%‫א‬P-;:a^‫و‬
 W‫
אل‬FF‘‘t2‰+‫لא‬+‫א‬J^‫]ز‬j9%&‫א‬-X‫א‬$%[ •‫لא‬%‫א‬P-;

 E٢F3+‫لא‬G‫ و‬J^V‫א‬Ln‫و‬W‫א ول‬


›FFQ
]FF‫وא‬E٤FFF-  N‫وא‬E٣FFF& N‫ א‬FF25FFG‫ذ‬FF FFG‫ و‬FFJFF^‫ز‬TW#FF.‫א‬
 KE٥F9n‫א‬

 ١٧،b q‫\א‬r&‫א‬،h%‫א‬E1F
 ٤٨٥L١،i83‫א´א‬L‫د‬$‫א‬E2F
 w‫و‬i ،١٩٨٢،# ‫א‬L3‫دאא‬،'r‫אא‬5cc]'r K‫'א‬r‫א‬$ ،#3‫א‬E3F
 ٤٦٢L١٠،i83‫א´א‬، ‫א‬$U U£‫א‬$8;E4F
 w‫و‬i ،١٩٩٧،3&‫دאא‬٣٠٤L٥،La9+‫א…(ع´א‬،h‫א و‬E5F

٢٢
9F+‫لא‬F%‫א‬FG‫و‬FT2‫و‬JF^V‫ א‬F”F8n‫  و‬P-; ‫ن^ن‬2W{.‫א‬
 E١F-
tcM‫א‬t2H% ‫ل‬U(‫‰؟‬+‫لא‬+‫;א‬:- H% U t2G‰•‫א‬58‫و‬
]FFt25FFG‫ذ‬، FF-;‰FF+‫א‬t2HFF% ‫ل‬FFUFF ‫و‬، FFc^‫ز‬LFFn‫مو‬$FF;t25FFG‫ذ‬
TW#FF.‫‰وא‬FF+‫א‬iFF 8FFq‫א‬%1FF FF cFF3-  FF3-ƒ FF 5FFŠW(G$FFu
 FFc^‫ز‬
 E٢F J^V‫א‬5Š`-، 8]‰K‫א‬:-ƒT 
H$ ،_:-   5Š
 
 

 ٣٠٤L٥،La9+‫א…(ع´א‬،h‫א و‬E1F
 ٣٠٤L٥،La9+‫א…(ع´א‬،h‫א و‬E2F

٢٣

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