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‫‪1‬‬
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‫‪2‬‬
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5
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15
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KQ$+‫  [א‬J٣
K[‫&א‬3‫وא‬KZ¤ZRVN‫א‬Q‫د‬J-; x‫  א‬J٤
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28
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ن‬# 8 ‫^;ًو‬¤jb9 2 xVZ^Œ$‫ن‬$‫ א‬xV

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ko
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ن‬U-;
N‫و
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‫م‬F;‫ق‬F‚‫و‬ZF‫م‬$F% tFzFG‫و‬،١٠‫ص‬،‫ن‬$F‫א‬JF-; xF‫א‬W#Fž‫دא‬F%‫א‬#-;Z$‫א ذא‬tz*‫א‬E١F


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tFz‫و‬،٢٠٠٦‫م‬F;‫ق‬F‚‫و‬ZF‫م‬$F% tFz،‫ن‬$‫א‬J-; x‫א‬W#ž‫دא‬%‫א‬#-;Z$‫א ذא‬tz*‫א‬E٢F
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‫م‬٢٠٠٤ J
29
Œ _ ib tS ‫אض‬,;\‫א א‬kG Q;  ‫ – א‬8- ‫ אم‬-]‫ א‬Mb
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Q$‫ ; 'א‬-; x Q$‫ل; 'א‬S ‫א‬+‫ –א‬8-‫אم‬-]‫א‬
،Q$‫ א‬-;Q Y ‫ع‬8‫
ن‬Q$‫'א‬8  G‫د‬L%+‫؛א‬9–3+‫نא‬$‫א‬J-; x
‫ل  ط‬o‫ א‬5 › K .1+‫ א‬L‫ א‬Yž _‫ و‬،‫  وط‬¤jb Q$‫ א‬-; Q+   ‫ن‬
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K8 ‫
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Q  3© ً;^a-1‫א‬Q  \‫و‬$‫ً¨_א‬LV ‫ ن‬،i9%&‫א‬9W
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pm,^‫ א‬1 h' ‫ذא‬T، 1 bY  Q$‫عא‬8‫ط
ن‬,^‫
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Q$+‫ذ א‬R2 E'j8‫א‬FQ$+‫ذ א‬Q Q$-H‫و‬H% Q$‫
ن 'א‬¥~‫وאא‬
.Eš,+‫א‬F$$!‫א‬
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و‬H% -9–3+‫نא‬$‫א‬J-; x‫
א‬
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  ‫ ذ‬U~  ¶2‫ و‬،Q$      ‫ ذ‬J%8V H
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J-;  x‫( ع ^; ً و  א‬+‫ א‬Q$+‫ א‬Y  Q$‫ 
ن \ ;    ' א‬8 :k ‫و‬
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‫א‬kFFG‫و‬K FFV‫دא‬2iFF‫אو‬YLFF%V‫
و‬M<FF+‫šא‬$FFVQFF;FFW ‫א‬FFao ‫א‬JFF-; xFF‫ א‬-
š$F‫عא‬FQF F9 [F-(‫א‬mF”HF(7:F 8‫א‬JF-;‫ن‬F3 x‫א‬Q ‫א ع‬
:FF 8‫א‬UFF*QFF;‫
م‬:F 8‫_א‬- FF‫صא‬nFF^
QFF;ً‫دא‬FFX‫ن‬FFZ
i‫א‬FF‫ل‬FF(G‫وא‬
 .E٢F V‫א‬i‫א‬b2‫و‬
 
 
 
 

 http://www.kantakji.com/fiqh/Files/Insurance/149.txt #‫א&Œ_א'א‬kG*‫ א‬E١F


 K٥٠‫א _א دنص‬fL+‫'_א‬j‫~(نאدא‬W7 E٢F
30
‫א ‘ ‬
‫‪¯-o‬א‪R2 .z9_tS8‬א ‪œj‬א‪ W‬‬
‫‪b E١F‬אز א‪ J-;  x‬אدא‪ 'j‬א‪(~ [1w  Œ$ L+‬ن אدא‪ 'j‬א‪J-; (j%‬‬
‫אوطא;
و^‪[Z‬א‪ x‬א‪#-3‬א ‪K#‬‬
‫‪b E٢F‬אز א‪ J-;  x‬אدא‪ 'j‬א‪ Œ$ L+‬א‪ [1w+‬א‪
  3O‬و ^‪ 8‬א‪ 3O‬‬
‫א‪YžJ-;(j%‬אوطא;‪·2O‬دא‪H$8‬א ‪r' #‬وא‪$L‬א‬
‫ن ‪Q‬א!‪[9‬א‪Ln+‬א;‪XLo#‬א‪fL+‬א ‪K‬‬
‫‪b E٣F‬אزא‪J-; x‬אدא‪[Z^Œ$'j‬א‪ x‬אو‪
#‬وא‪
a^#-3‬ن\‬
‫‪3‬نא‪: 8‬א ‪Z^¯LS5-ž
:-©#‬א‪ x‬؛‪¤ZVo‬א‪mn+‬‬
‫_ ‪kGH.‬א‪KL‬‬
‫‪HZ E٤F‬ود ‪
J-;3VL‬سא‪%‬ض
و ^ ‪3 9‬ن~(‪9‬و‪&-3V‬‬
‫א‪J-;9-; x‬א‪H. : 8‬אدא‪'j‬א!
و‪p‬א‪
5-a‬وא ‪¤b‬א‪Yži‬א‪$‬א‪_-o‬‬
‫א\‪Q (.‬אدא‪'j‬א\‪
(.‬و ^ ‪K99‬‬
‫‪HZ E٥F‬ود‪3‬نא‪2_9 7X
Q;ً8j9: 8‬دא‪
9V‬وא‪H. G(.‬אدא‪'j‬‬
‫א\‪
(.‬و‪±r‬א\‪(.‬א‪v‬ص‪3‬ن~(‪9‬و‪&-3V‬א‪J-;9-;  x‬‬
‫א‪، 9 7X‬و\ ·ز‪Sš
 _: 8-‬ل ‪Q‬א ‪S‬אل
ن <(‪
Q‬س لא‪، <+‬‬
‫‪Z‬نא‪Q(<\M<+‬אس لא‪K <+‬‬
‫‪ H(7 E٦F‬א‪ 3V : 8‬א‪ m” ˆ  J-;  x‬א\‪ (.‬א‪
 š$  %-+‬و‬
‫א‪
YL%‬وא‪(G‬ل‪Kً <  Z‬‬
‫‪~ (G
E٧F‬ع‪P‬و~(نאدא‪%\'j‬אא(‪H‬א‪Z$- š
__L+‬ن‪K‬‬
‫‪ E٨F‬א‪S%‬א(‪H‬א‪_L+‬א ‪R2#‬א‪H$8‬א ‪)_#‬ل ‪(~1w‬ن‬

و‪P‬אدא‪'j‬א‪KL+‬‬

‫‪31‬‬
‫א)‪ :‬‬
‫\^‪
:‬ن)لא‪J-; x‬אدא‪x^ x^'j‬ن ‪[\)#‬א‪ x‬א‪KX+‬و;‬
‫و^‪:j‬وƒج‪ ;$¤ R2‬و‪ktz‬א‪#X‬א‪tS8‬א&…[א ‪ W#Vy‬‬
‫א&’ א‪4‬و‪ W B‬א!;‪I‬ن و א‪24‬د“ن ‬
‫א\‪(G‬م   ‪k9‬א א]ل وא‪   3‬وŠ‪ -‬وא‪,‬א‹ א‪ L‬א(‪ -‬و א‪  %8a‬‬
‫و‪ $‬א‪ fL+‬א  و^‪ [Z‬א‪  x‬אو‪ kG œj  #‬א ‪¡ 6z‬و ‪¤2‬א’‬
‫;‪
J-‬ضאא'‪K‬‬
‫א&’ א‪ W I‬א‪ z3‬و ‪ :-‬א‪ w0F‬א  ‬
‫א‪8+‬د‪K‬א!د‪K‬وא‪(< Xo1w i1‬نאدא‪'j‬و‪J-;(j9P‬‬

‪3S‬مאא ‪ K‬‬
‫א&’ א‪ :2 x W II‬א
אو و א‪ 8‬‬
‫א\‪(G‬م  ‪k9‬א א‪~+‬ع و א ‪    H‬و
·د [  ƒ _ א ‪ '  H‬א‪– 8‬‬
‫א  _ ‪kG‬א א‪x‬ن و‪ [Z^ H(; 'V‬א‪ H(  x‬אدא‪ 'j‬و  ‪o Q‬ل‬
‫‪H3V‬א‪_9  fj‬ذ‪ K:‬‬

‫‪32‬‬
‫ ‪ 1‬وع ‪ .‬א‪ F” < 3#0 3‬א&‪ (+‬א  ‬

و\ً‪W‬א‪J-;$Zx‬א[א]('א&‪9%‬א‪% 1‬א‪ xF %-+‬אو‪ K#‬‬
‫‚ً‪bW‬אزא‪J-; x‬אدא‪'j‬א‪_L+‬א‪– 8‬א ‪[Z^Œ$‬א‪ x‬‬
‫אو‪
#‬و ‪(~[1w‬نאدא‪'j‬א‪3S
J-;(j%‬مאא ‪ K‬‬
‫‚‪bWً.‬אزא‪J-; x‬אدא‪'j‬א‪(~[1w Œ$L+‬نאدא‪'j‬א‪H(V\c‬‬
‫و‪3S
D‬مא‪<-‬و‪·2JSK‬دא‪H$8‬א;‪ K#‬‬
‫א ً‪&-ZW‬א‪J-; x‬אدא‪'j‬א‪9
J-;3Vc‬ض‪3V‬ن;‪J-‬א‪
: 8‬‬
‫אدא‪'j‬א‪3c‬ن;(‪H‬א‪Yb
9: 8‬אً
و‪3Vً8j‬ن;‪ K9 7X
J-‬‬
‫‪·Wً1 o‬ز‪: 8-‬א‪J-; x‬א ~אא ‪
YL%VQ;W‬و‪
 (G2‬و‪_ $V‬‬
‫;(‪ x  -‬אلא‪Q(.1+‬و‪2‬دא‪x1ً <  ZU3z9V‬ل;‪kGH. Q‬א ‪ K‬‬
‫دً‪W‬د;‪K‬א‪: 8‬א ‪PJ-; H(V  V 1w i2R2( -#‬‬
‫و~(نودא‪'j‬א‪– 8‬א ‪ K‬‬

‫‪33‬‬
67!‫ א‬S‫ א‬
 %+‫م א&Ÿ وא‬9&+‫ وא<(ن א‬Q$‫  א‬xV ، UG‫(ن א’دš א א‬.; ، UG‫ א‬2 E١F
K‫م‬٢٠٠٩‫م‬-‚.‫א‬Z£‫א‬K‫و‬$ ‫م‬$% tz،9%&‫א‬
، ‫א‬fL+‫ אدא‬8m،KX L <، ‫א‬fL+‫אدא‬ E٢F
K‫م‬١٩٩٧،‫ ن‬8-F J[‫و‬Y
KKG%‫א‬،8m1w ،$ 1+‫א‬،H8 SQ $P‫א‬ E٣F
‫(ن‬.; ،  ‫ א‬fL+‫Œ א‬$ 'j‫ אدא‬P ‫ *م‬، 3   ‫(ن‬.; ، $P‫א‬ E٤F
‫ و‬678- # ‫ א‬$9+‫ א‬، H(‫ א  و א‬L+‫ א‬U1 ، $P‫ א‬3 
K‫م‬٢٠٠٠–١٤٢١،١‫ط‬،( - ‫א‬: 8‫א‬،5$‫א‬
، EY83‫א‬¥&‫א‬F V‫وزد‬Y L‫~א! 'א‬،Q$‫א‬X$(rW#8 ‫א‬ E٥F
K‫م‬١٩٨٨_١٤٠٨،٣‫ط‬،[‫و‬Y ،# ‫א‬53+‫א‬
، ٣‫א( ط‬،Y.ZQ ‫دאא‬، šn8‫א‬¥7X،H;²‫א‬Q $(rWšn8‫א‬ E٦F
K 8‫א‬5‫د‬J&aL D%‫م‬١٩٨٧
K‫م‬٢٠٠٩$% +‫‚א‬.‫א‬Z£‫א‬K‫و‬$‫)(;
;(ل‬،Z£‫א‬ E٧F
p3‫א‬، ‫دאאو‬، # ‫ א‬%&‫א‬9b‫و‬Q  x‫دא‬%;،$P‫א‬،#b- E٨F
K‫م‬١٩٨٢ J١٤٠٢،
، ١‫ط‬،K$7+‫א‬UX‫دאאא‬، 3S
‫ و‬x‫א‬،UG‫א א‬Q ‫(ن‬-،‫ ن‬.‫א‬ E٩F
K‫م‬١٩٩٣ J١٤١٤
[‫و‬Y +‫دאא‬،šn8‫א‬¥7X‹^š8‫א‬¥،›SQ $P‫א‬،›SQ ‫ א‬E١٠F
K5av‫א‬Q$‫א‬5r‫אدو‬w$(rWD%١٣٧٩
$9+‫א[א‬$X2Q ، ;‫د‬+‫א‬P‫ و‬j‫אدא‬J-; x‫
*(א‬،H8،‫د‬S E١١F
KL+‫وא‬+‫א[א‬$-# ‫א‬
‫ دא‬، ‫د‬P K¤P ،  ‫ א‬fL+‫( _ א‬.\‫ א‬m” ،  K¤P ، ‫د‬P E١٢F
K‫م‬٢٠٠٧،١‫ط‬،j& ‫א‬
?$-%‫א وא‬YL‫( א‬.\‫'א‬j‫אدא‬P،N‫دא‬b،-v‫ א‬E١٣F
 b _ fL+‫د و א‬L\‫ א‬U1 R2  $%  Y1b   ، ? ‫ א دن‬S
K‫م‬٢٠٠٤،– Y‫א‬
K‫م‬١٩٩٠M3- ‫א‬L+‫א’…א‬، +‫א‬Y1&V،$^$(r،~ E١٤F
34
‫‪ E١٥F‬א‪،$(r،#-S¤‬א‪J-; x‬א‪$‬ن_א&‪ %‬א ‪$% tz،#‬م‪ew+‬و‚ق‬
‫א ول‪ x-‬א‪rL١٢،#-3‬م‪٢٠٠٦L٢L٢٠ J٢٠١٤٢٧L‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪ E١٦F‬א‪ U3S ، $(r ، #-S¤‬א‪ J-;  x‬א‪$‬ن א‪ -) ، 9 –3+‬א‬
‫وא‪%‬نא‪$‬د‪' ٢١‬א‪٢٠٠٤–١٤٢٥Koy‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪ E١٧F‬א‪9 Q $(r،#Z¤‬د‪،‬א‪_. +‬א‪%‬א;‪WD%، $‬د‪DjY1VK‬א‪_$P‬‬
‫وزא‪K‬א و‪f‬وא‪w‬ونא ‪،‬א‪،p3‬ط‪١٩٨٥٢‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪(- E١٨F‬ن‪b$(r،‬ل‪،‬אدא‪'j‬א\‪_(.‬א‪– 8‬א ‪،‬א‪$9+‬א‪#+‬‬
‫‪3&-‬א ‪،#‬א‪١٩٩٦_١٤١٧،KG%‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪wWZ^ E١٩F‬אد‪œ9 ،‬א‪J-; x‬אدא‪،'j‬אدא‪fL+‬א ‬
‫‪،$(r،Y8^ E٢٠F‬א‪[ +‬א‪+‬א‪(.;$(r، KX+‬ن^‪،Y8‬دאא &‪،j‬‬
‫;(ن–א دنط‪٢٠٠٧ J٦{١٤٢٧‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪ E٢١F‬א‪$ ،J&aL (;،‬א[א‪~%+‬و
‪_9 3S‬א&‪ %‬א ‪، #‬دא‬
‫א &‪(;،j‬ن‪،‬א دنط‪٢٠٠٦،١‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪Kº$(r،#%$X E٢٢F‬א‪،N‬א‪_ x‬א\‪L‬دא ‪¤Z ،#‬א א‪#(-‬‬
‫‪ b،‬א‪$8;:-+‬א‪،¤¤‬ط‪١٩٩٠ J١٤١٠،١‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪ E٢٣F‬א‪3S
،#%V$(r،#(.‬مאدא‪'j‬א‪KL+‬‬
‫‪ E٢٤F‬א‪ ، ¤‬א‪ $8; Q  ¤‬א‪1‬م ‪ ،‬א;‪ $‬א ‪3S‬م _  ‪ ¸L‬א م ‪ ،‬א‪$8; Q  ¤‬‬
‫א‪1‬م‪،،‬دאא‪53‬א‪Y ،(-‬و[‪K‬‬
‫‪(~ ، k  ، 7 E٢٥F‬ن אدא‪ _ 'j‬א‪ fL+‬א  _ א دن ‪$%  tz ،‬م‬
‫‪(~1w+‬نאدא‪_'j‬א‪-3(+‬א دא’‘‪QV،‬א‪٢٠٠٥#.‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪ E٢٦F‬א‪%‬א_‪،‬א‪2Q $P‬د‪،‬א&وق‪;،‬א‪K53‬‬
‫‪ E٢٧F‬א‪ Q  $(r W ¾m%‬א‪ ، $P‬א! '  ‪3S‬م א‪%‬ن  ‪ K‬دא א‪ 53‬א‪ J L+‬‬
‫א‪،KG%‬ط‪١٩٦٤،٢‬م‪WD%‬א‪$P‬א‪£‬دو‪#‬وא א‪UG‬א‪€&m‬‬
‫‪ E٢٨F‬א‪%‬دאž‪#r#-;،#‬א‪،Q$‬א‪J-; x‬א‪$‬ن?دא‪9%‬א‪L‬د?‪tz‬‬
‫ ‪$%‬م‪ew+‬و‚قא ول‪ x-‬א‪،#-3‬א‪r٢١،p3‬م‪ J٢٠  J١٤٢٧‬‬
‫‪£٢١‬א‪٢٠٠٦‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪ E٢٩F‬א‪%‬دאž‪#r#-;،#‬א‪ xV،Q$‬א‪Q$‬وא<(ن‪$% tz،‬م ‪$‬و‪K‬א‪Z£‬‬
‫א‪L‚.‬دא ‪;#‬م‪٢٠٠٩‬م‪K‬‬
‫‪35‬‬
‫(و‬.\‫ א‬x ‫א‬1w+‫Œא‬$[‫دא‬L‫ א‬xV‫*م‬،ÈW‹‫א‬¤%‫ א‬E٣٠F
fL+‫אدא‬،KX L <MZQ(~tz،[‫دא‬L‫(نא‬j2
K‫م‬١٩٩٧ ‫א‬
، [‫و‬Y  ، # ‫ א‬6‫א‬,‫ א‬iS2 ‫ دא‬، U-1  ¥7X ، ‫›ج‬O‫ א‬Q  U-1  ، U-1 E٣١F
K#8‫א‬$8;‫אد‬w$(rWD%
 J١٤٢٣،١‫ط‬،‫א دن‬،‫دאא;م‬،# ‫ א‬x‫א‬،$P‫א‬،U7- E٣٢F
K‫م‬٢٠٠٢
#
 5Gk  J-; j* ‫ و א‬8^ ‫ א‬، Uº Q  UG‫ א א‬Q  Q$‫ א‬Q‫ ز‬، Uº Q ‫ א‬E٣٣F
K‫م‬١٩٩٩،(-‫א‬53‫دאא‬،‫ &א (ن‬S
‫א(ل‬¤ Z،š‫ن‬G£‫šא‬$ ’‫א‬#%+‫א‬Q$‫مא‬1SQ #-;Q$‫א‬i;Wš$ ’‫ א‬E٣٤F
K&X  J #S š3  W D% ، ‫ א‬1w  ، ‫ א אل وא ل‬Q  _
 K‫م‬١٩٨١LFG١٤٠١،1 v‫א‬8a‫א‬%1‫א‬
 ‫ א‬fL+‫ אد א‬، L+‫' א‬j‫[ ~(ن אدא‬1w  ، ‫ن‬$; ، š$ ’‫ א‬E٣٥F
K‫م‬١٩٩٢
K٢٦U#;‫א‬+‫א‬، ‫א‬+‫[א‬1w(-b‫א‬+‫وא‬8¡‫…א‬G E٣٦F
KFG١٤٠٨' ‫دאא‬$‫א‬،# ‫ א‬%&‫)('א‬-) E٣٧F
‫ص<(ن‬o‫وق‬$ Xi2(G
?‫ل_א אقא   אن‬% ،;$(r E٣٨F
٢٠٠٦£(1‫د‬٢٦WL+‫'א‬j‫אدא‬
http://www.alaswaq.net/views/2008/12/26/20300.html
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

36
 t78‫سא‬9
 ١KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK $%+‫א‬ •
١KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKt78‫א‬-3 -
١KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK% 1‫א[א‬$‫א‬ -
٢KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKt78‫دא[א‬$r -
٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKt78‫›א‬9 -
٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKt78‫Œא‬r -
٤KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKL+‫'א‬j‫وאدא‬#-3‫ א‬x‫א‬VW‫א ول‬t78+‫א‬ •
٤KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK#-3‫ א‬x‫א‬VW‫א ول‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٤KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKL+‫'א‬j‫אدא‬VW#.‫א‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٦KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK99b‫א‬Vc‫א‬mn+‫'وא‬j‫(~(نאدא‬G
W#.‫א‬t78+‫א‬ •
٦KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫(~(نאدא‬G
W‫א ول‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٦KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKL+‫'א‬j‫ אدא‬b‫א‬Vc‫א‬mn+‫א‬W#.‫א‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٧KKKKKKKKKKKKKK ‫ –א‬8‫Œא‬$'j‫אدא‬m”9b‫ق א‬mWt.‫א‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٩KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK;‫א‬9 3S
‫'و‬j‫אدא‬J-; x‫א‬XWt.‫א‬t78+‫א‬ •
٩KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫[~(نאدא‬1w W‫א ول‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٩KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫~(نאدא‬1w+ª‫א‬Kx ‫א‬W‫א&عא ول‬ 
٩KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫אدא‬P‫א[*م‬¤µW#.‫א&عא‬ 
١٠KKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫~(نאدא‬1w+#;‫א‬U3O‫א‬Wt.‫א&عא‬ 
١٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKi(‫'א‬j‫ودא‬Q;: 8‫وא‬w1 Œ$ W' ‫א&عאא‬ 
–F 8‫'א‬Fj‫<(نودא‬F1Fw H3F^JF-;'j‫אدא‬J-; x-‹,% ‫*م‬W v‫א&عא‬ 
١٤KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ‫א‬
٢١KKKKKKKKKK#-3‫ א‬x‫[א‬Z^Œ$– 8‫'א‬j‫ودא‬J-; x‫א‬W#.‫א‬5-a+‫א‬ -
٢١KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫אدא‬J-; x‫א‬X ;W‫א&عא ول‬ 
٢٢KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫אدא‬J-; x‫א‬KX%%SW#.‫א&عא‬ 
٢٢KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK'j‫אدא‬J-; x‫א‬U3SWt.‫א&عא‬ 
٢٢KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQ$‫א‬J-; x‫א‬U3S -
٢٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQ$‫א‬J-; x‫אزא‬b[‫א‬$w -
٢٧‫ن‬$‫א‬J-; x‫אא[وא&وŒ_ ~عא‬%‫ ˆא‬ -
٢٩KKKKKKKKKKKKK +‫ 'אدوא‬QX+‫ ˆא‬3V -
٣١KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKœj ‫א‬ •
٣٢KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK[X‫א‬ •
37
٣٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK# ‫ א‬%&‫)('א‬Q;$L‫• وعא‬
٣٤KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKt78‫'א‬b‫• א‬
٣٧KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫س‬9&‫א‬

38

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