les, Ace M. (00, “Senue but not reproductive: Exploring the junction and disjunction of sexual and reproductive Fights” En Health Homan Fights (2) 9p. 65109, Abstract Alehoush the tem “set eshte” has gotned wadesuead currency is onerotesoope and content hove nots bee fall define. The aed for ‘efncon a cecal ot only for promoting governmental account fy bt te for ensuring har se right che launed by diverse per. fons around the wld Homies, the concep of “woriat and sepa live nghis" poses challenge to this effort, prctces wid people tnt ‘nvhtionaly eleesed by soprodcive eights wok rust be eplicly fumed and proacted. Ths ticle considers how iaternatonal nore have contabuced to a gendered eegulaton of seulty ond of comenpo. tary theis of “setlly constructed sexuality” and it proposes oras fn the conditions that contnbute to tbe ebily to choose and on the Tints bouen seevaity, conduc, ten. soca smuctures. and eo. Actin. Given the proeble poticlly charged responses, global cea Lom building is nected bien gu le teme «droits serves» ait acquis un droit existence an ‘ese sa porige esa teneue sur ep conere ont es encore ei cam bleeement dines Lo besoin dune dfintion ext eset non seule Ineo pot poo ta rersabitesanineent, Me Fer dre Irmo, fo cancept de» dre sexual a panes, Dein dif cet efore i fant ue es peatgons ol gon une sn bus taditionsellement concemes par ler tsevaux nur lor res [énesigues sont designs ot provigée Cet article tet compte de ft Japon dont ls ngemesmterattonaies one contrib 2 one reat de Iiierualité en foncuon dela spect serele cede theres cont. Potednes de lo sotwalié soctloment conserte =. et! propose ame Focalistan sr les conditions gut contbuane ala posible de eho {iur Tes lens cate la squat, le canportement Tien, ls tre tres soctates tla eprduction. Brant dounet let rponsespotnticlls {ul seront dctes pa apie, ta mise en lace dune cdiion ma Siow nceessae ‘Aunque el témino “derechos sexuales” se ba wat mds yds orient, Savaleamee y contenido concretos an 0 50 han definido a fondo. La recetdnd de definictn sci no so para prose la rsponsbi Gad de fos aableenos pero tambien pera asegurar gue Tos dec sex tes se puedan teclamar «scala globel. rsicamente. el concepto de dessus eco vn ok pst Day que asepuna que Is pedcticas y las personas qua wadiionalmente bo seencventtan dento del etc dels obras de derechos sepa faves sean nombadss ) prvapdas de manera expt, Eta ariulo frantaachie ls lees imeraconaies hae couebuido ale reqalcion flefa semuaidad basada en saneo tanto ome de las teoeas maodernat “Sobre le “constriction socal de a soxualdad”ygeopone un enfogue oa Tis condiciones que cantibuyen 4 la capacidad de esemer eft fies ent la sexual lcamportensent, Ia dsnbdad a rae {tar sccatsy ta rproduccin. Las respuesta poliicamente carga (te pun resulta eign el desroil de cualicines mee mondial. SEXUAL BUT NoT REPRODUCTIVE: Exploring the Junction and Disjunction of Sexual and Reproductive Rights Alice M. Miller Tris ail sts to nai the se ipl sions for eeating clan oso eg ar ae Parte converations on sexy and bau ese ting globally: This journal sounded challenges 1997 to tov hen react elon stu ea eat ing ol for empowerment and touting te Soe iG hrovide foal sate accountbiy the wne ny ot Sifereny sated poopie This arele wal are ee the diveneaprocher seal tnd hates ees oe Ise n'eontermporny vison ose Mone a fdvocay an ean law a8 well th cover eee therameat protection approach osu fed ne notional aan Tolowing his histones! oven, the ance will examine women teproficie hal ngs ay Sa cise tay because t san porta se kom which lng seal nghs have ing. Ths caminaon ee inate wayy in whch inking ental anderen Sights simuleancoulycontautes to and parade ane Ar lbal work wo velop» ibeatnyheany ea Hes an clement finan gs! Tee conepeat eee Ahetve vgs ha gained smn ohl accopsnes, a limited and contest inceypartn sano he et ae Allee Me Mules i a asociate profesor of cna publi health atthe feseph & Matiman Schoo ef Paste Heath, Colimbie Cinco sed ' adiunct fculty maembor atthe Scant of Internat ed Fale Ailes, Colimbia University lease address onespontente alee Aleta and oly Prec: fseph © Sle School of Pabke eatin. Colba Unveeasty cb Haver 82, Now Yor WY tae to ‘irae Oat een ol eau eratepowerful aspects of the health and human rights paradigm, which by its embrace of both promotion and protection embeds rights claims within broader social justice move ments, This paradigm also contains a commitment t0 a iyzing the effects of the social and material conditions of race, gender, and other aspects of identity as they impact on reproductive rights. However, the eonflation of sexual rights with reproductive rights has, by and large, caused sexu rights to be viewed as a subset of reproductive rights albeit with a less developed articulation, This subset status has “disappeared” an. array of people of varying ages and non conforming sexual identities, as well as non-reproductive sexual practices, and has often entirely neglected to consid fermen as rights holders, thus leaving many already margin alized people outside the framework of human rights pro tection in the context of sexual behavior. Another result of removing nonheterosexual, nonprocteative sexual activ {les from human rights protection has been the surreader of these activities to mora, religious, or criminal regulation. ‘Therefore, persons and practices not traditionally addressed ‘within rights work must be explicitly named and brought ‘within the circle of rights protection, Developing a coherent framework for sexual rights as human rights that can mesn ingfully apply to diverse persons requires understanding how some international norms have historically functioned to regulate sexuality by gender, race, age, and other axes of power. Such a framework also necessitates incorporating contemporary theories of socially constructed sexuality Various human rights standards have begun to adres rights protection around some aspects of lesbian, gay, and tuansgender identities and conduct, but this work bas not alveays incorporated the broader promotion and protection paradigms. Both nationally and intemationally, che applies tion of standards against sexual violence {primarily against women] in peacetime and dusing armed conflict has focused fon prevention of and protection from violence and exploit tion. Cases relating to same-sex sexual behavior or sexual violence have invoked standards based on a. violations model, partly as a result of advocacy strategies. Often the standards invoked, and in some cases the advocacy work around same-sex sexual rights, have focused on male lives land on the aspects of sexuality that emphasize freedom and ‘expression, and have failed to address the complicated rela- tionships between sexual “pleasure and danger" in the di ferent ways they ate experienced by persons differently ‘empowered because of sex, gender identity, race, economic Satus, oF nationality On the other hand, and often in dif ferent plobal venues, sexval health and reproductive rights claims have invoked an interconnected, systems analysis of rights promotion, A more comprehensive approach to sexu: al rights would therefore have to attempt to merge both vio lations nd promotional models. Therefore, this article attempts to build from the powerful health and human Tights framing of sexual rights—ficed of a focus on repro: Goction and incorporating civil and political nights along. ‘with economic and social claims Neither the application of specific. rights standards {generaly, in the cases of gay and lesbian rights violations or of standards against sexual violence] nor the advocacy work that provokes these decisions (whether in che gay/lesbian rights or anti-violence work or in sexual and reproductive rights claims} have engaged with the implications of recent critical thinking azound the social construction of sexuality: Work to advance the application of human rights to sexual ity will benefit from a study of the conditions contsibuting to women’s and men’s capacity to explore the inks between sexuality, conduct, identity, social structures, and reproduc tion, and their diverse results.» Creating the conditions nec- essary for choosing whether to link sexuality to reproduc tion, as well as for promoting different aspects of sexuality and diverse sexualities, could become a major focus of rights advocacy strategies. Such an approach, however, will require a direct con- sideration of the explosive political ramifications of high lighting 2 rights-based approach to sexuality. Sexual rights claims in the local and glabal political struggles around gen. der and sexuality in the context of globalization, national ism, and fundamentalisms have already served as a light ning rod for powerfully driven attacks on the concept of “rights” as an excessively individualized and atomistic