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Preliminary Practice 1 Paper 2

1. Volume of cylinder = S r2 h
2
§22 2·
(7  4 2 ) S = S ¨ ¸ h
¨ 2 ¸
© ¹

(7  4 2 ) = 1 2 h 2

(7  4 2 ) = 1  2 2  2 h
74 2
h =
3 2 2

74 2 32 2
= u
3 2 2 32 2

(7  4 2 ) (3  2 2 )
=
(3) 2  (2 2 ) 2

21  14 2  12 2  16
=
98

= (5  2 2 ) cm

2. 6x + x(2px – 5p) = 3 – 2p
6x + 2px2 – 5px = 3 – 2p
2px2 + (6 – 5p)x + 2p – 3 = 0
Discriminant b2 – 4ac = (6 – 5p)2 – 4(2p)(2p – 3)
= 36 – 60p + 25p2 – 16p2 + 24p
= 9p2 – 36p + 36
= 9(p2 – 4p + 4)
= 9(p – 2)2 > 0 for all real values of p.
Hence, the equation has real roots.

(Remarks: This question requires one to show that b2 – 4ac > 0)


§7 4 ·
3. A–1 = ¨¨ ¸¸ 1

© 13  6 ¹
1 §  6  4·
= ¨ ¸
(7)(6)  (4)(13) ¨©  13 7 ¸¹

1 §  6  4·
=  ¨ ¸
94 ¨©  13 7 ¸¹

18 – 4y – 7x = 0 Ÿ 7x + 4y = 18
20 + 6y – 13x = 0 Ÿ 13x – 6y = 20
§ 7 4 · § x· § 18 ·
In matrix form, ¨¨ ¸¸ ¨¨ ¸¸ ¨¨ ¸¸
©13  6 ¹ © y ¹ © 20 ¹
1
§ x· §7 4 · § 18 ·
¨¨ ¸¸ ¨¨ ¸¸ ¨¨ ¸¸
© y¹ ©13  6 ¹ © 20 ¹
§ x· 1 §  6  4 ·§ 18 ·
¨¨ ¸¸  ¨ ¸¨ ¸
© y¹ 94 ¨©  13 7 ¸¹¨© 20 ¸¹

1 §  188 ·
 ¨ ¸
94 ¨©  94 ¸¹

§ 2·
¨¨ ¸¸
©1¹
Hence, x = 2, y = 1

§a b · –1 1 § d  b·
Remarks: If M = ¨¨ ¸¸ , then M = ¨ ¸ .
©c d ¹ ad  bc ¨©  c a ¸¹

where ad – bc z 0.

§1 0·
M– 1 M = M M– 1 = I where I = ¨¨ ¸¸ , identity matrix.
©0 1¹
123 x  46 A B C
4. =  
(2  x) (3 x  1) 2
2  x 3 x  1 (3 x  1) 2

Multiplying throughout by (2 – x)(3x – 1)2:


123x – 46 = A(3x – 1)2 + B(2 – x)(3x – 1) + C(2 – x)
When x = 2, 123(2) – 46 = A(5)2
200 = 25A
A = 8
1 1 1
When x = , 123 §¨ ·¸ – 46 = C §¨ 2  ·¸
3 ©3¹ © 3¹
5
–5 = C
3
C = –3
When x = 0, –46 = (8)(–1)2 + B(2)(–1) + (–3)(2)
–46 = 8 – 2B – 6
2B = 48
B = 24
123 x  46 8 24 3
Hence, =  
(2  x) (3 x  1) 2
2  x 3 x  1 (3 x  1) 2
5. (a) cos 3x – cos x = cos (2x + x) – cos x
= cos 2x cos x – sin 2x sin x – cos x (addition formula)
= cos 2x cos x – sin x (2 sin x cos x) – cos x (double-angle formula)
2
= cos 2x cos x – 2 sin x cos x – cos x
= cos x (cos 2x – 2 sin2 x – 1) (factorise)
2 2
= cos x (1 – 2 sin x – 2 sin x – 1) (double-angle formula)
2
= cos x (–4 sin x)
= –4 cos x sin2 x (shown)

(b) cos 3x – cos x = 2 sin2 x 0 < x < 2S


–4 cos x sin2 x = 2 sin2 x
2 sin2 x + 4 cos x sin2 x = 0
2 sin2 x (1 + 2 cos x) = 0
2 s i n2 x = 0 or 1 + 2 cos x = 0
si n x = 0 cos x = –0.5

For sin x = 0, x=S


For cos x = –0.5, basic angle = cos–1 (0.5)
S
=
3
2S 4S
x= , (x is in the 2nd or 3rd quadrant)
3 3

2S 4S
Ans: x = , S,
3 3

6. tan A > 0, cos B < 0,


A and B are in the same quadrant,
Ÿ A and B are in the 3rd quadrant.
5 3
tan A = cos B =
12 5

–12 –3
A B
–5 n
m 5

m = r 12 2  5 2 n = r 5 2  (3) 2

= r 13 = r4
m > 0, m = 13 n < 0, n = –4

(a) sin (A – B) = sin A cos B – cos A sin B


§ 5 · § 3 · § 12 · § 4·
= ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ – ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸
© 13 ¹ © 5 ¹ © 13 ¹ © 5¹
33
= 
65
B
(b) cos B = 2 cos2 –1
2

B cos B  1 B
cos =  ( cos < 0)
2 2 2

3
 1
=  5
2
1
= 
5

1
(c) cot (–2A) =
tan (2 A)

1
= 
tan 2 A

1  tan 2 A
= 
2 tan A
§ 2
·
¨ 1  §¨ 5 ·¸ ¸
¨ © 12 ¹ ¸
= ¨ ¸
5
¨ 2 §¨ ·¸ ¸
¨ © 12 ¹ ¸
© ¹
119
= 
120

7. 3x2 + 6x + 7 = 0
The roots are D and E, sum of roots = D + E
6 b
=  ( sum of roots =  )
3 a
= –2
c
product of roots = DE ( product of roots = )
a
7
=
3

For new equation with roots D + 2E and E + 2D ,


sum of roots = (D + 2E ) + (E + 2D)
= (D + E ) + 2(D + E )
= 3(D + E )
= 3(–2)
= –6
product of roots = (D + 2E )(E + 2D)
= 5DE + 2(D 2 + E 2)
= 5DE + 2 [ (D + E )2 – 2DE ]
= 5DE + 2(D + E )2 – 4DE
= DE + 2(D + E )2
7
= + 2(–2)2
3
31
=
3
The equation is x2 – (sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0
31
x2 – (–6)x + =0
3
31
x2 + 6x + =0
3

3x2 + 18x + 31 = 0

8. f(x) = 1 – 3 cos 2x for 0 d x d S


(i) The amplitude is 3.
2S
(ii) The period is
2
= S
(iii) [ For the graph of y = 1 – 3 cos 2x,
join the dots to obtain a smooth curve. ]

4 y = 3x
S (S, 3)

axis of curve: y = 1
1
x
S S 3S S
–2 4 2 4
y = 1 – 2 cos 3x

(iv) The corresponding range is –2 d y d 4.


§S ·
(v) From the graph, the maximum point is ¨ , 4 ¸ .
©2 ¹
3x S
(vi) y
S x 0 S
2
y 0 1.5 3

[ For the graph of y = | 1 – 3 cos 2x |, keep the “positive part” of the graph of
y = 1 – 3 cos 2x and reflect the “negative part” of it in the x-axis. ]
3x
The number of solutions for the equation = | 1 – 3 cos 2x | is 3.
S
dV
9. (i) = –10 (negative because water is evaporating)
dt
1 3
Volume of liquid, V = Sx
3
dV
= Sx2
dx
dV
When x = 5, = S(5)2
dx
= 25S
dV dV dx
= × (The Chain rule)
dt dx dt
dx
–10 = 25S ×
dt
dx 10
= 
dt 25S
dx 2
=  cm/s
dt 5S

(ii) Let the radius of the surface area of the liquid be r.


By similar triangles,
x r
(base radius of the cone is equal to its height)
m m
? x=r
m
2
Surface area of the liquid, A = Sr
= Sx2 r
m
dA
= 2Sx x
dx
dA
When x = 5, = 2S(5)
dx
= 10S
dA dA dx
= ×
dt dx dt
§ 2 ·
= 10S × ¨  ¸
© 5S ¹
= –4 cm2/s
OA
10. (i) In right-angled 'OAP, cos T
2
OA = 2 cos T
‘QOB = 180q – 90q – T (adj. ‘s on a straight line)
= 90 q – T
OB
In right-angled 'OBQ, cos (90  T )
4
OB
si n T = [ cos (90q – T) = sin T ]
4
OB = 4 sin T
? Length AB = OA + OB
= 2 cos T + 4 sin T --- (1)

(ii) R cos (T – D) = R (cos T cos D + sin T sin D)


= R cos T cos D + R sin T sin D --- (2)
Comparing (1) & (2): R cos D = 2 --- (3)
R si n D = 4 --- (4)
(3)2 + (4)2: (R cos D)2 + (R sin D)2 = 22 + 42
R2 (cos2 D + sin2 D) = 22 + 42

R = 22  42

= 20

(4) y (3): tan D = 2


D = tan-1 ( 2 )
= 63.435q
= 63.4q

? Length AB = 20 cos (T – 63.4q)

(iii) Maximum length of AB is 20 m

when cos (T – 63.4q) = 1


T – 63.4q = 0q
T = 63.4q
(iv) When AB = 3 m,

20 cos (T – 63.435q) = 3

3
cos (T – 63.435q) =
20

T – 63.435q = –47.87q, 47.87q


T = 15.565q or 111.305q
= 15.6q or 111.3q (rejected as T < 90q)
Ans: T = 15.6q
11. (i) y = x(x – 3)2
dy
= x d ( x  3) 2  ( x  3) 2 d ( x) (Product Rule)
dx dx dx
= x. 2(x – 3) + (x – 3)2.(1)
= (x – 3) [ 2x + (x – 3) ]
= (x – 3)(3x – 3)
= 3(x – 3)(x – 1)
dy
At turning point, =0
dx
3(x – 3)(x – 1) = 0
x = 3 or x = 1
When x = 1, y = 1(1 – 3)2 = 4
? Coordinates of P is (1, 4).
When x = 3, y = 3(3 – 3)2 = 0
? Coordinates of Q is (3, 0).

Area of shaded region = §¨ 1 u 1 u 4 ·¸ +


3
(ii) ³ x( x  3) 2 dx
©2 ¹ 1

3
= 2+ ³ x( x 2  6 x  9) dx
1

3
= 2+ ³ x 3  6 x 2  9 x) dx
1

3
ª 4 2
º
= 2 + « x  2x 3  9x »
¬4 2 ¼1

ª 4 º
= 2 + «§¨¨ 3  2(3) 3  9(3) ·¸¸  §¨¨ 1  2(1) 3  9(1) ·¸¸»
2 4 2

¬© 4 2 ¹ ©4 2 ¹¼

= 2 + [ 6.75 – 2.75 ]
= 6 units2
3x 3x
12. (i) h = (5 x) 2  (3 x) 2 (Pythagoras’ Theorem)

= 25 x 2  9 x 2
h
5x = 16 x 2

= 4x cm

Total area of cardboard sheet = 450 cm2


1
2× (6 x)(4 x) + 2 × (5x)(y) = 450
2
24x2 + 10xy = 450
12x2 + 5xy = 225
5xy = 225 – 12x2
225  12 x 2
y =
5x
Volume of the container V = Area of cross-section × length
1
= (6 x)(4 x) × y
2

1 § 225  12 x 2 ·
= (6 x)(4 x) ¨¨ ¸¸
2 © 5x ¹

12 x 2 (225  12 x 2 )
=
5x
2700 x  144 x 3
= (shown)
5
dV 2700  432 x 2
(ii)
dx 5
dV
For stationary value of V, 0
dx
2700  432 x 2
0
5
2700 – 432x2 = 0
432x2 = 2700
x2 = 6.25
x = 2.5 (x = –2.5 is rejected)
2700(2.5)  144(2.5) 3
When x = 2.5, V =
5
= 900 cm3

d 2V 864 x
(iii) 
dx 2 5
d 2V 864(2.5)
When x = 2.5,  <0
dx 2 5
Ÿ V is a maximum.

13. (a) [ Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB. ]


6  (1)
Gradient of AB =
92
= 1
gradientAB × gradient(perpendicular bisector) = –1
1 × gradient(perpendicular bisector) = –1
Gradient of perpendicular bisector = –1

2  9 1  6 ·
Midpoint of AB = §¨ , ¸
© 2 2 ¹
= (5.5, 2.5)

Equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB is y – (2.5) = –1(x – 5.5)


y – 2.5 = –x + 5.5
y = –x + 8

[ Find the coordinates of the centre of the circle.]


y = –x + 8 --- (1)
y=x–2 --- (2)
Equating (1) & (2): x – 2 = –x + 8
2x = 10
x=5
y=5–2=3
Ÿ Centre of the circle C is (5, 3).
[ Find the radius of the circle using (2, –1) and (5, 3) ]
Length of radius = (5  2) 2  [ 3  (1 )] 2

= 25

Hence, the equation of the circle is (x – 5)2 + (y – 3)2 = ( 25 ) 2

x2 – 10x + 25 + y2 – 6y + 9 = 25
x2 + y2 – 10x – 6y + 9 = 0

(b) x2 + y2 + 2gx – 8y – 11 = 0
Comparing with x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0,
we have f = –4, c = –11

The radius of the circle g 2  (4) 2  (11) = 6

g2 + 16 +11 = 36

g2 = 9

g = r3

14. (i) ‘ BPR = ‘ RQP (Alternate Segment Theorem)


‘ BPR = ‘ RPQ (PR bisects ‘ QPB)
Hence ‘ RQP = ‘ RPQ.
? ∆RPQ is an isosceles ∆ with RQ = RP.
(ii) ‘ BPR = ‘ BQP (Alternate Segment Theorem)
‘ PBR = ‘ QBP (common angle)
? ∆PBR is similar to ∆QBP (A.A. similarity)
BR BP
(iii) (∆PBR and ∆QBP are similar)
BP QB
BP2 = BR × QB
BP2 = BR × (BR + RQ)
BP2 = BR2 + BR × RQ
BP2 – BR2 = BR × RQ
BP2 – BR2 = BR × RP (shown)

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