gymjgvb‡`i cZb : AZxZ eZ©gvb

(mvjvnDÏxb AvBDexi Avwef©ve c~e© Bmjvwg wek¦ I eZ©gvb Ae¯’v ch©v‡jvPbv)

[evsjv]

? ‫أﻳـﻌﻴـﺪ اﻟـﺘـﺎرﻳـﺦ ﻧـﻔـﺴـﻪ‬ wewfbœ RvwZ I Rb‡Mvôx †hme welq PP©v K‡i Ges †hme welq AvqË Kivi
Rb¨ `~i-`~iv‡š— mdi K‡i, BwZnvm Zvi Ab¨Zg| BwZnvm Ggb GKUv
(‫)دراﺳﺔ ﻷﺣﻮال اﻟﻌﺎﱂ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺻﻼح اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺎرﳜﻨﺎ اﳌﻌﺎﴏ‬
cÖgvYwm× welq, AZx‡Zi bvbv RvwZ- †Mvôxi NUbv cÖev‡n †h m¤ú‡K© n«vm-
[‫]اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﺒﻨﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ e„w× Kiv hvq bv Ges Gi Af¨š—‡i wbwnZ i‡q‡Q wPš—v-M‡elYvi DcKiY
Avi †MvUv wek¦ cÖK…wZi m~² ZË¡| NUbvejxi cÖK…wZ Avi Zvi Kvh©Kvi‡Yi
Mfxi Ávb| Avi Gi m~² Z‡Ë¡i Rb¨ Zv n‡”Q GK †gŠwjK Dcv`vb|
‡jLK : gynv¤§` Avj Ave`vn
--Be‡b Lvj`~b
‫ ﳏﻤﺪ اﻟﻌﺒﺪة‬: ‫ﺗﺎﻟﻴﻒ‬

Abyev` : nv‡dR †bQvi DwÏb Avng`

‫ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﻧﺼﺎر اﻟﺪﻳﻦ أﲪﺪ‬: ‫ﺗﺮﲨﺔ‬

m¤úv`bv : Avãyj−vn knx` Avãyi ingvb

‫ﻋﺒﺪ اﷲ ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬: ‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ‬

Bmjvg cÖPvi ey¨‡iv, iveIqvn, wiqv`

‫اﳌﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﺘﻌﺎوﲏ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﻮة وﺗﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﳉﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﻮة اﻟﺮﻳﺎض‬

1429 – 2008

1 2
 wemwgj−vwni ivngvwbi ivwng
gyLeÜ
BwZnv‡mi GKwU eo wk¶v n‡”Q BwZnvm †_‡K †KD wk¶v MÖnY K‡i
bv| Avw`Kvj †_‡K ïi“ K‡i AvR ch©š— G K_vi f~wi f~wi cÖgvY i‡q‡Q|
BwZnvm‡K hyMwfwËK wef³ Kiv n‡jI g~jZ: me hy‡Mi wk¶vB GK|
Avj−vni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ev GK”QÎ gvwjKvbvq Askx`vwiZ¡ m„wó Kiv ¯^xq cÖe„wËi
`vmZ¡, gvby‡li Dc‡i ¶gZvi `vc‡U cÖfZ y ¡ Pvwj‡q †fvM wejv‡mi ivRZ¡
Kv‡qg Kiv- G meB †`Lv hvq kw³ai weËevb‡`i g‡a¨| gvÎ wKQyKvj c~‡e©
N‡U hvIqv cÖj‡qi K_v b~n cieZ©x gvbyl¸‡jv fy‡j †Mj| Av`-mvgy` Avi
Ab¨vb¨ RvwZmg~‡ni aŸsmve‡kl ¯^P‡¶ †`‡LI g°vi †KvivBkiv åóZv I
Kzdzixi c_‡KB AvuK‡o a‡i m„wóKZ©vi cÖfyZ¡‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i GKB c‡_
AMÖmi n‡jv| Ggwbfv‡e ebx BmivCj I evievi Zv‡`i Avw¤^qv †Kiv‡gi
mv‡_ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i BwZnvm wa°…Z n‡q kvw¯— †fvM K‡iI †kl bex
gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj−vg Gi AvMg‡b cybivq GKB AvPiY
Kij| Avj−vn ZvAvjv m~iv Avj-Bmiv Gi 2q AvqvZ †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cieZ©x
K‡qKwU Avqv‡Z Zv‡`i‡K c~e© BwZnvm †_‡K wk¶v MÖnY K‡i †kl bexi
mv‡_ GB GKB AvPi‡Yi cwiYwZi K_v e‡j mveavb K‡ib| wKš‘ gvbeZvi
kΓ ebx BmivCj ev Bqvû`xiv wK Zv‡`i AvPi‡Y Av‡`Š †Kvb cwieZ©b
G‡b‡Q? Gi ci Avj−vn ZvAvjv cieZ©x Av‡iKwU Avqv‡Z GKwU mve©Rbxb
g~jbxwZi K_v ¯úófv‡eB †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb, Ò†Zvgiv fvj AvPiY Ki‡j Zvi
mydj †Zvgiv cv‡e, Avi Amr AvPiY Ki‡j Zvi cwiYwZ †Zvgv‡`i‡KB
†fvM Ki‡Z n‡eÓ| KziAv‡bi G bxwZ †Kvb wbw`©ó RvwZ-†Mvôxi Rb¨ bq|
†h RvwZ fvjfv‡e Avj−vni m„wó‡K cwiPvwjZ K‡i †Ljvd‡Zi ¸i“ `vwqZ¡
my›`ifv‡e cvjb Ki‡e, Zvi †LjvdZ‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z GwM‡q Avm‡e|
Avj−vn Zuvi mg¯— Kj¨vY I ing‡Zi Øvi †m RvwZi m¤§y‡L D`vifv‡e Ly‡j
†`‡eb| GUvB Avj−vn ZvAvjvi my¯úó A½xKvi I A‡gvN weavb| GB n‡”Q
cÖK…wZ| cÖK…wZ Ab¨ †Kvb e¯‘i bvg bq| Avj−vni weavb Abymv‡i Pj‡Z
cvi‡jB kvwš— I Kj¨vY| Avi wecixZ c‡_ AMÖmi n‡jB wech©q I kvw¯—|
MÖš’Kvi gynv¤§` Avj-Ave`vn Avgvi e¨w³MZ cwiwPZ †KD bb| Zuvi
cÖvK mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex hy‡Mi wek„•Ljvi Dci wjwLZ BwZnv‡mi eBwU
Avgv‡K AZ¨š— AvK…ó K‡i‡Q|
GB eBwU‡Z g~jZ: wnRix 3q kZvãx †_‡K cÖvq 6ô kZvãx ch©š— Avie
Rvnv‡bi kvmK‡`i wejvm eûj Rxeb hvcb, Ace¨q-AcPq mn ivóª
3 4
cwiPvjbv, Af¨š—ixY Ø›Ø msNvZ, ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi mš¿vm, Ievq`x,
eyqvBnx, Kviv‡gZv, eby nvg`vb, I myjvBnx m¤úÖ`v‡qi KZ©…‡Z¡i †jv‡f nZ¨v
lohš¿ I msN‡l©i †jvgnl©K Kvwnwb my›`ifv‡e ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Av‡iv ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q AveŸvmxq Lwjdv‡`i Avg‡j mybvœ ni cÖKvk I Ávb- weÁvb cÖmv‡i
cÖvwZôvwbK wk¶vi e¨e¯’v Ges Djvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi Bmjvg cÖwZôvi wRnv` I
ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi K_v|
Z`vbxš—bKv‡j I AvR‡Ki b¨vq gymwjg wek¦ ci¯úi msNvZ msN‡l© wjß
n‡q †QvU †QvU A‡j wef³ n‡qwQj| Avi G me n‡qwQj e¨w³¯^v_© I
†Qv‡UvLv‡Uv wel‡q gZ‡f` Ges gZcv_©‡K¨i Kvi‡Y| ¶gZvi gmb` `Lj
KivB wQj Zv‡`i g~j j¶¨| Zviv ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ A‡¯¿i fvlvq K_v ejZ|
G‡K Ab¨‡K civwRZ Kivi Rb¨ Agymwjg‡`i wbKU †_‡K mvnvh¨ wb‡ZI
wØav Ki‡Zv bv| Avi GB me Kvi‡YB Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wnsmªZv P‡j Av‡m| Zviv
wef³ n‡q c‡o wewfbœ `j I m¤úÖ`v‡q| `~ixf~Z nq Avj−vni fq I
ZvKIqv| `ywbqvex †fvMwejv‡m Avi jvjmvq gË n‡q c‡o kvmK †kÖwY| weË
Avi ¶gZvi †gv‡n Zviv fy‡j hvq Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn
Iqv mvj−vg cÖ`wk©Z mZ¨ c‡_ AvnŸv‡bi K_v|
eZ©gvb hy‡Mi BwZnv‡mi m‡½ †m hy‡Mi Kx Af~Zc~e© mv`„k¨|
ivR‰bwZKfv‡e ¶gZvai‡`i `vcU Avi ¯^v_©v‡š^lx I A_© †jvfx‡`i
mvgªv‡R¨i K_v GKB gy`vª i G-wcV I-wcV| eZ©gvb gymwjg we‡k¦i A‡bK ivóª
I miKvi cÖavb‡`i `ybx© wZ I Ryjgy AZ¨vPv‡ii Kvwnwbi mv‡_ AveŸvmxq
hy‡Mi gš¿x‡`i A™¢yZ wgj j¶¨ Kiv hvq| ZvB cÖkœ Rv‡M ÒBwZnv‡mi wK
mwZ¨B cybive„wË N‡U?Ó
Avj-KziAv‡b †divDb I bgi“‡`i Kvwnwbi †h eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q, Zv
wgki Avi Biv‡Ki g‡a¨B mxgve× bq| G‡`i Kvwnwb ïay †mB we‡kl hy‡Mi
Rb¨I bq eis esk ci¤úivq Avengvb Kvj †_‡KB P‡j Avm‡Q| wgk‡ii
Rvgvj Avãyj bv‡mi Avi gymwjg we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k gvwK©b mvgªvR¨ev‡`i
cyZjz miKvi g~jZ †mB ˆ¯^ivPv‡ii es‡kv™¢Z y | Zv‡`i nv‡Z b„ksmfv‡e
knx` n‡q‡Qb wek¦ e‡iY¨ Bmjvwg gbxlx nvmvbyj evbœv, cÖL¨vZ †gvdvm‡mi I
cÖwZfvevb †jLK mvB‡q` KzZzemn AviI AmsL¨ Bmjvwg wPš—vwe`, Ijvgv I
ms¯‹viev`x gymwjg gbxlxMY| G‡`i Aciva wQj GKUvB Avj−vni
mve©‡fŠgZ¡ Kv‡qg K‡i gvbyl‡K gvby‡li `vmZ¡ †_‡K gy³ Kivi AvnŸvb|
ِ ِ َْ ‫اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ُ ِ ْ ُ ‫أن‬
ِ ِ َ ْ ِ‫ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻮا ِﺑﺎﷲﱠ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ِ ﱠإﻻ‬ ِ
﴾٨﴿ ‫اﳊﻤﻴﺪ‬ ُ َ َ ‫وﻣﺎ‬
ْ ُ ْ ‫ﻧﻘﻤﻮا‬ ََ
ÒIiv (Kv‡diMY) Zv‡`i wbKU †_‡K GB Aciv‡aiB cÖwZ‡kva wb‡q‡Q †h,
Zviv me©gq ¶gZvi gvwjK Avj−vni cÖfy‡Z¡B wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki‡Zv|Ó (m~iv
eyi“R)|
†jLK A_©‰bwZK ˆbiv‡R¨i eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q AveŸvmxq hy‡Mi eû
NUbvi D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| D`vniY¯^iƒc : Be‡b Kvwmi eY©bv K‡i‡Qb
ÒmyjZvb gvwjK kvni (wnRix 480 mb) Kb¨vi weev‡ni †RŠjy‡mi Kvwnwb|
wZwb e‡jb, †m eQi gyniig gv‡m ivRavbx‡Z ev`kvni †g‡qi weevn
AbywôZ nq| 130wU D‡óªi c„ô †evSvB K‡i †g‡qi Rb¨ Avbv Dc‡XŠKb¸‡jv
ivRavbx‡Z wb‡q Avmv nq| †iv‡gi gnvg~j¨evb w`evRÕ e¯¿ Øviv D󪸇jv‡K
mvRv‡bv nq| Gme Dc‡XŠK‡bi †ewki fvMB wQj ¯^Y-© †iŠc¨ wbwg©Z
ˆZRmcÎ| GQvov 74wU L”Pi‡K †`kxq ivRKxq †cvkvK cwi”Q` Øviv
mw¾Z K‡i Zv‡`i c„‡ôI enb K‡i Av‡iv Dc‡XŠKb mvgMÖx ivRavbx‡Z
Avbv nq| Gi m‡½ wK Avgv‡`i †`‡ki XvKvq AbywôZ (28 gvP© 2000) 20
nvRvi †gngvb AvMg‡b wek weevn gRwj‡mi †RŠjy‡mi K_v Zzjbv Kiv hvq
bv? cÎ cwÎKv †_‡K GB we‡qi I eDfv‡Zi †h wn‡me cvIqv hvq, †mLv‡b
LiP n‡qwQj K‡qK †KvwU UvKv| we‡q I eDfv‡Zi 1 w`‡bi wn‡m‡e
†gvUvgywUfv‡e hv Rvbv †Mj Zv‡Z †`Lv hvq †h, †gngvb wQj 20 nvRvi, Mi“
RevB n‡q‡Q 26wU, Lvwm 60 wU I gyiwM wQj 20 nvRvi| GwU wK GKwU
Mwie RvwZi `y`k © vi m‡½ cÖnmb bq? A_P †`‡ki A‡a©‡KiI †ewk gvbyl
`vwi`ª¨ mxgvi bx‡P evm Ki‡Q| gvÎ K‡qK eQi Av‡Mi NUbv, GKwU Avie
†`‡ki †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui †Q‡ji we‡qi Avb›` Drm‡ei wPÎ mviv we‡k¦i †jvK‡`i
nZevK K‡i w`‡qwQj| we‡k¦i Avbv‡P Kvbv‡P cÖvP¨ I cvðv‡Z¨i nvRvi
nvRvi bZ©K I bZ©Kx‡`i Avg`vwb K‡i `k w`b hver bvP Mv‡bi Drme Kiv
n‡qwQj| GB we‡qi g~j ev‡RU wQj K‡qK wgwjqb gvwK©b Wjvi| GwU wK
Mwie gymwjg we‡k¦i Rbmvavi‡Yi m‡½ VvÆv Kiv bq? GB †Zv †mw`b Lei
†ewi‡q‡Q †h, evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK ivRbxwZwe` MZ Pvi eQ‡i gvwK©b hy³iv‡óª
evwo wK‡b †d‡j‡Qb| evwo wK‡b‡Qb jÛ‡b, wm½vcy‡i, `yevB‡q,
gvj‡qwkqvq|
eBwU‡Z AviI GKwU fqven cwiw¯’wZi we¯—vwiZ eY©bv i‡q‡Q| Avi
Zv n‡”Q a‡g©i bv‡g fÊvwgi bvbv wPÎ| Z_vKw_Z ZvmvD‡di bv‡g mijcÖvY
gymwjg‡`i‡K weåvwš—i †eovRv‡j Rov‡bvi wewPÎ iƒc n‡”Q Avgv‡`i †`‡ki
†`IqvbevMx, AvUikx, gvBRfvÛvix| Avi Bewj‡mi b¨vq ZvivI wkLÊx
wn‡m‡e RbM‡Yi gv_vq †P‡c e‡mwQj a‡g©i †`vnvB w`‡q| AviI gvivZ¥K
5 6
cwiw¯’wZi m„wó n‡qwQj wkqv m¤úÖ`v‡qi wewfbœ Pµv‡š—| Bmjv‡gi weR‡qi
ci civwRZ Bûw` Pµ QÙ‡e‡k gymjgvb‡`i KvQ †_‡K cÖwZ‡kva †bqvi
Rb¨ loh‡š¿i Rvj we¯—vi K‡i AvmwQj, †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi hyM †_‡KB|
Avn‡j evB‡Zi bvg K‡i AZ¨š— bvRyK I ¸i“Z¡cY~ © wkivi Dci Zviv AvOyj
¯’vcb K‡iwQj mgq I my‡hvM ey‡SB| hv gymwjg wek¦ AvRI wQbœ Ki‡Z
cv‡iwb| Giv Avn‡j evB‡Zi fv‡jvevmvi fvb KiZ: gymjgvb‡`i‡K weåvš—
K‡i we‡k¦i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †ek K‡qKwU †`k `Lj K‡i wb‡qwQj| Zviv my‡hv‡Mi
m`&e¨envi K‡i AvNvZ Ki‡Z _v‡K gymwjg D¤§vi cðvr w`K †_‡K| wLª÷xq
†ivgvb Avi †cŠËwjK ZvZvwi nv‡qbv‡`i m¤§y‡L gymjgvb‡`i‡K Zz‡j †`q
wkKv‡ii Rš‘ wn‡m‡e| †U‡b wnuP‡o `xN©w`‡bi ¶zav wbevi‡Yi Rb¨, Gfv‡eB
Zviv gymwjg D¤§vn‡K aŸsm I wbt‡kl Kivi †Mvcb wRNvsmv c~Y© K‡i|
†jLK Zuvi eB‡Z GB welqwU h_v_© mdjZvi mv‡_ Zz‡j ai‡Z mg_©
n‡q‡Qb| n°vwb Djvgv‡q †Kivg †mB hy‡MI wewµ n‡q hvqwb Rvwjg
lohš¿Kvix I ewnivMZ‡`i Kv‡Q| ZvB gymwjg we‡k¦i wewfbœ A‡j Aew¯’Z
†m hy‡Mi n°vwb Djvgv‡q †Kivg‡`i bvg a‡i a‡i W: gynv¤§` Ave`vn Zvi
eB‡Z G me Djvgv‡q †Kivg‡`i †L`gZ‡K D¾¡j K‡i Zz‡j aivi †Póv
K‡i‡Qb| †gNv”Qbœ AvKv‡k ZLbI wgwU wgwU Zviv R¡jwQj| G Zviv¸‡jvi
mgwóMZ Av‡jvK”QUv GKw`b DR¡j n‡q Zvi g‡a¨ †_‡KB P‡›`ªi wmœ»
Av‡jvi D™¢veb N‡U| Avi Gfv‡eB `~ixf~Z n‡q hvq †g‡Ni NbNUv| mybvœ n
wd‡i cvq Zvi cÖKZ … D”Pvmb| ZLb Djvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi Aweivg cÖ‡Póvq
wkqv BR‡gi †eovRj wQbœ n‡q c‡o| mZ¨ mgvMZ nq, wg_¨v AcmvwiZ
nq|
Avj Kz`m gyw³i Rb¨ AvBqyex Av‡›`vjb g~j ZrciZv Zv‡`i GKvi
bq| mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi AvMg‡bi c~e© †_‡KB Djvgv‡q †KivgM‡Yi
jvMvZvi †Rnv` I †jLbxiB dj wQj G i³¶qx Awfhvb I fqven hy×| †h
†Kvb gyw³ Av‡›`vjb GK w`‡b `vbv ev‡` bv Ges msMwVZ nq bv| Avi
¸wUKq gyRvwn`‡`i ØvivI Zv m¤¢e n‡q D‡V bv| mg-mvgwqKKv‡ji Ab¨vb¨
Av‡›`vj‡bI Avgiv G Ae¯’v cÖZ¨¶ Kwi| we‡klfv‡e mgv‡Ri i‡Üª i‡Üª
hLb Kzms¯‹vi Avi ¯^v_©vÜZvi cÖvPxi `uvo Kiv‡bv nq, ZLb ag©vÜZv I
AÁZv c‡_ Qwo‡q c‡o Ges c‡` c‡` evavi m„wó K‡i | Gme Rv‡nwj
SÄvU `~ixf~Z Kivi msMÖvg AZ¨š— `yiƒn| GKUz †PvL †g‡j cvwicvwk¦©K
Ae¯’vi cÖwZ `„wócvZ Ki‡jB †m m¤ú‡K© Avgiv aviYv wb‡Z cvwi| wewfbœ
avivi I iƒ‡ci mywdev` ZvmvDd Gi bv‡g cxi gywi`x e¨emv, Kei c~Rvi
†kiKx Kvh©µg ag©xq Avei‡Y bvbv ai‡bi AbvPvi ivR‰bwZKfv‡e me©MvÖ mx
lohš¿ gymwjg mgvR iƒcx wek eUe„¶‡K †hb ciMvQvi b¨vq me©‡Zvfv‡e
MÖvm K‡i †d‡j‡Q| GLb G e„¶‡K ciMvQvi ivû MÖvm †_‡K AvRv` Kiv
†QvU GKwU e¨vcvi bq| GRb¨ cÖ‡qvRb `y`©vš— GK Awfhv‡bi| m‡e©vcwi
i‡q‡Q wVK †mB hy‡Mi b¨vq bvbv ai‡bi Avš—R©vwZK †Mvcb I cÖKvk¨ Pµvš—
| hv wQbœ Kivi KvRI ZZ mnR bq| KviY G me¸‡jvB †`kxq MvÏvi‡`i
mn‡hvwMZvq cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| †mBRb¨B cÖ‡qvRb `xN© cwiKíbv wb‡q
Av‡›`vj‡b AMÖmi nIqv| fvM¨µ‡g Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`wk mgv‡R wkqv
m¤úÖ`vq fy³ wewfbœ wdiKvi msL¨v AwZ bMY¨| wKš‘ IBme gZev‡`i cÖfve
†_‡K G mgvRI gy³ bq| hv G‡`‡k cÖ‡ek K‡i wewfbœ iƒ‡c †`‡ki mvaviY
mijcÖvY gvbyl‡`i weåvš— K‡i‡Q| †m hy‡Mi ev‡Zbx wdiKv¸‡jvi mv‡_
Avgv‡`i †`‡ki kqZvwb cxi- gywi`x wPš—v avivi ûeû wgj bv _vK‡jI
g~jZ: Zv GKB e„‡¶iB bvbvb Wvj| GwUB gymwjg D¤§vn‡K wef³ K‡i
†i‡L‡Q AmsL¨ †diKvq| AveŸvmxq‡`i †mB Avg‡ji gymwjg AatcZ‡bi
g~j KviY¸‡jv g~jZ: Awfbœ| Avgiv wK Gi †ik a‡iB cZ‡bi Mfxi
mgy‡`ªi AZj MnŸ‡i wejxb n‡q cowQ? Avgv‡`i Djvgv‡q †Kivg, †jLK,
mvwnwZ¨KMY weRvZxq mvs¯‹…wZK AvMÖvmb I Kzms¯‹vi †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vn‡K
gy³ Kivi Rb¨ RvMÖZ n‡q mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi AvMgb c~e© cwiw¯’wZi gZ
K‡i GwM‡q Avm‡eb me©‡Zvfv‡e †Rnv` Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨? Avi Avj Kz`mmn
Bmjvwg D¤§vi nviv‡bv Ask¸‡jv‡K cybivq GKwÎZ K‡i mvivwe‡k¦i †bZ…Z¡
MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯w‘ Z MÖnY Ki‡eb? RMrevmx AvR ZvwK‡q Av‡Q †mB †bZ…‡Z¡i
Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨ Djvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi w`‡K| Zviv HK¨e× n‡j GLbI mvjvn
DwÏb AvBqyexi AvMgb m¤¢e| Avgv‡`i cÖf,y wek¦ RM‡Zi gvwjK iveŸyj
Avgxb m`v RvMÖZ| ev›`viv cÖ¯‘Z n‡jB wZwb mvnv‡h¨i nvZ cÖmvwiZ
Ki‡eb; GwUB mZ¨ AvMvgx w`‡bi m~‡h©v`‡qi b¨vq|
BwZnv‡mi m¤ú~Y© cybive„wË N‡U wVK Kv‡j Kv‡j, hy‡M hy‡M, A¶‡i
A¶‡i GUv †Kvb †evKvI ej‡e bv| †divDb I bgiƒ‡`i †¯^”QvPvwiZv,
AnwgKv, †Lv`v †`ªvnx Zvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡`i ZL‡Z ZvDm Gi iƒ‡ci cÖKvk
N‡UwQj †iRv kvn cvnjfxmn ga¨cÖv‡P¨i Ab¨vb¨ †¯^”QvPvixiv †hgb wek¦‡K
Zv‡`i `vev †Ljvi cvZvq †i‡L fvM ev‡Uvqviv Ki‡Zv, AvR‡Ki wek¦
cwiw¯’wZ wK Zvi PvB‡Z wfbœ? †P‡Pb‡`i †QvÆ †`kwU‡K m¤ú~Y© MÖvm Kivi
lohš¿, Kvk¥xi‡K A‡¯¿i gy‡L wbwðý Kivi eªv¶Yev`x‡`i †cŠËwjK
AvMÖvmb, AvdMvwb¯’vb BivK‡K `Lj K‡i jvL jvL wbixn gvbyl‡K nZ¨v,
7 8
†mvgvwjqvq gvwK©b AvMÖvmb, ZvZvwi †P½xm Luvb Avi nvjvK‡`i PvB‡Z wK
wfbœ? bvg av‡gi cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI g~j `„k¨Uv wKš‘ GKB| eZ©gvb wek¦ Bûw`
P‡µi †nvqvBU nvD‡Ri †jv‡Kiv jyU K‡i wb‡q hv‡”Q gymwjg we‡k¦i †Zj
mg„× A‡ji g~j¨evb m¤ú`| gymwjg bvgavix `vjvj‡`i cÖZviYv, †auvKv
Avi wek¦vmNvZKZvi gva¨‡g wQbœ wfbœ K‡i Lv‡”Q gymwjg we‡k¦i Adziš—
m¤ú`kvjx AÂj ga¨cÖvP¨‡K| BwZnv‡mi GB Aa¨v‡qi mv‡_ †m Aa¨v‡qi
m‡½, cwiw¯’wZ I g~j fveavivi wgj i‡q‡Q| hyM, Kvj, ZvgvÏywbK Ae¯’v
wfbœ n‡jI cÖKZ … Ae¯’vwU GK I Awfbœ|
BwZnv‡mi weeZ©b bv‡gi GB eBwU‡Z Avie Rvnv‡bi wewfbœ kvmK‡`i
g‡a¨ Avf¨š—ixb Ø›Ø, msNvZ I AmZK©Zvi eY©bv i‡q‡Q| Avi-G my‡hv‡M
c~e© †_‡K NvcwU †g‡i _vKv wg_¨vev`xiv †h mwµq n‡q mycwiKwíZ fv‡e
Bmjvg Ges Bmjvwg Rvnv‡bi ¶wZ mva‡bi j‡¶¨ Z_vKw_Z gymjgvb I
Bmjv‡gi `vwe wb‡q Bûw`‡`i †Mvcb civg‡k© ¯’vb-Kvj I Ae¯’v †f‡`
wewfbœ A‡j wewfbœ bv‡g wef³ n‡q †R‡M D‡V wQj Zvi KvwnwbI ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q| Avi GRb¨ ZLbKvi gymwjg kvmK‡`i‡K G cÖvmv` loh‡š¿i
†gvKvwejvq eû g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| wg_¨vi Dci cÖwZwôZ Bmjvg I gymwjg
Rvnv‡bi H me kΓiv ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj−vg Gi eska‡ii
wg_¨v `vwe wb‡q, wg_¨v bQe ˆZwi K‡i hy‡Mi ci hyM wewfbœ ivR¨ kvmb
K‡i‡Q| g~jZ: Giv wQj Bûw`‡`i G‡R›U| Zv‡`i KvR wQj gymjgvb‡`i
¶wZ I aŸsm mvab Kiv| G‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg wQj ev‡Zbx, Ievq`x,
eyqvBnx, Kviv‡gZv, eby nve`vb I myjvBnx m¤úÖ`vqmg~n|
cÖ_g w`‡K Bmjv‡gi ¶wZ mvab Ki‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y Giv ci`vi
Aš—iv‡j †_‡K Bmjv‡gi wei“‡× cÖvmv` loh‡š¿ wjß nq| Avi gymjgvb‡`i
`yej© Zvi my‡hv‡M M‡R© D‡V| Z_vKw_Z Gme gymjgvb bvgavixiv Bmjvg I
a‡g©i †`vnvB w`‡q ¶gZv `Lj QvovI bvbv AcK‡g© wjß wQj| my‡hvM
†c‡jB gymwjg D¤§vi wcQb w`K †_‡K Zviv QywiKvNvZ Ki‡Zv| Gfv‡e
`ywbqvex †fvM wejvm Avi jvjmvq gË n‡q c‡o Zviv| Avi ¶gZvi †gv‡n
nvwi‡q hvq Zv‡`i gbyl¨Z¡| a‡g©i †`vnvB w`‡q Zviv gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨
cÖPvi K‡i bvbv Acms¯‹w… Z I Bmjv‡gi Ac e¨vL¨v| wefw³ m„wói loh‡š¿I
wjß nq Zviv| Zv‡`i kvmb KZ©…Z¡ cÖwZôvi †jv‡f gymjgvb‡`i Dci †hB
mxgvnxb wbh©vZb, nZ¨v, msNl© Avi ee©i BwZnv‡mi m„wó K‡i‡Q, Zvi eY©bvI
GB eBwU‡Z i‡q‡Q| eBwUi †klvs‡k n°vwb Djvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi †Rnv`,
mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi Av‡›`vjb I kvmb Ges AveŸvmxq Lwjdvi Avg‡j
mybvœ ‡ni cÖKvk I Ávb- weÁvb cÖmv‡i cÖvwZôvwbK wk¶v e¨e¯’vi cÖPjb Ges MÖšK ’ v‡ii K_v
ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi K_v eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| mg¯— cÖksmv Avj−vn iveŸyj Avgx‡bi Rb¨| Avi ïf cwiYvg gyËvKx‡`i
eBwUi Abyev` I m¤úv`bvi †¶‡Î Avgv‡`i ARv‡š— fyjΓwU _vKv Rb¨| Rvwjg Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv cÖwZ Ab¨vq evoevwo †bB| Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q
¯^vfvweK| GRb¨ †mme fyjΓwU Avgv‡`i‡K AewnZ Kivi Aby‡iva _vKj| †h, GK Avj−vn Qvov †Kvb Bjvn †bB Ges Zuvi †Kvb kwiK †bB| Avwg
eBwUi Abyev`, m¤úv`bv I cÖKvkbvq hv‡`i mn‡hvwMZv †c‡qwQ Zv‡`i Av‡iv mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj−vg Avj−vni ev›`v
mK‡ji wbKU Avwg K…ZÁ| Ges ivm~j, whwb †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb mZ¨- mwVK `xb Ges my¯-’ my›`i Rxeb
G eB‡qi Ab¨Zg Av‡jvwPZ e¨w³Z¡ exi †hv×v MvRx mvjvnDÏxb weavb mnKv‡i| Avj−vn Zuv‡K †MvUv we‡k¦i Rb¨ ingZ ¯^iƒc †cÖiY
AvBqyexi Dci GKwU RvZxq ˆ`wbK cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ †jLvwU Avgiv K‡i‡Qb|
cwiwk‡ó ms‡hvRb Kijvg| gymjgvb‡`i Dci Ggb GKUv Kvj AwZµvš— n‡q‡Q, hLb BwZnvm
f~wgKvq wbR AwfgZ wj‡L K‡jei e„w× Kivi PvB‡Z cvVK‡`i `„wó g~j cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Gi ¸i“Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i Abyf~wZ wkw_j Ges `ye©j
eB‡qi w`‡K Nywi‡q w`‡q Avwg GLv‡bB †kl KiwQ| Avj−vn nv‡dR| n‡q c‡o| BwZnvm cv‡Vi DcKvwiZv Avi wk¶v Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †jvc cvq|
Mfxi Avi AbymwÜrmy `„wó wb‡q BwZnvm Aa¨qb †_‡K Zviv wegyL n‡q c‡o|
XvKv, †m‡Þ¤^i 11, 2002 A_P BwZnvm cv‡Vi ¸i“Z¡ Acwimxg weavq gymwjg HwZnvwmKiv BwZnvm-
- nv‡dR †bQvi DwÏb Avng` PP©vq cÖe„Ë n‡q‡Qb, †hgb Bgvg Zvevix Be‡b BmnvK Ges Be‡b mvAv`
cÖgyL BwZnvm‡eËv BwZnvm- PP©vq AvKÉ wbgMœ n‡q‡Qb|
AZxZ RvwZmg~‡ni BwZnvm PP©vq ¸i“Z¡v‡iv‡ci cÖwZ KziAvb gRx‡`
A‡bK Bw½Z cvIqv hvq| Bw½Z cvIqv hvq AZxZ RvwZ¸‡jvi BwZKvwnwb
wb‡q wPš—v- fvebv K‡i Zv †_‡K wk¶v MÖnY Kivi Rb¨| Avj−vn ZvAvjv
e‡jb:
ِ َ ْ َ ْ ‫ﻷوﱄ‬
(١١١ :‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎب )ﺳﻮرة ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬ ٌ َ ْ ِ ‫ﻗﺼﺼﻬﻢ‬
ِ ُ ِ ‫ﻋﱪة‬ ِ
ْ ِ َ َ ‫ﻛﺎن ِﰲ‬ ََْ
َ َ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬
ÒZv‡`i NUbvejx‡Z wk¶Yxq welq i‡q‡Q Ávbx‡`i Rb¨|Ó (m~iv
BDmyd: 111)
Avj−vn ZvAvjv Av‡iv e‡jb-
‫اﳌﻜﺬﺑﲔ‬ ُ َ ِ َ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
َ ِ ‫ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺔ ُْ َ ﱢ‬ َ ْ َ ‫ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮوا‬
َ َ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬ ِ َ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻜﻢ‬
ِ ْ َ ْ ‫ﻓﺴﲑوا ِﰲ‬
ُ ْ َ ‫اﻷرض‬ ِ ِ ْ َ َ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
ٌ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ُ َ ‫ﺳﻨﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺧﻠﺖ‬ َْ
﴾١٣٧ :‫﴿آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬
Ò†Zvgv‡`i Av‡M AZxZ n‡q‡Q A‡bK ai‡bi Rxe bvPvi| †Zvgiv
c„w_ex‡Z cwiågY Ki Ges †`L, hviv (`xb‡K) wg_¨v cÖwZcbœ Ki‡Q, Zv‡`i
cwiYwZ wK n‡q‡Q|Ó (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb: 137)
A`~i fwel¨‡Z †hme wech©q †`Lv †`‡e, †hme `yej© Zv Avi we‡f` I
A‰bK¨ †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i, gnvbwei mgq †mme m¤ú‡K© mZK© K‡i †`qv
n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z gymwjg D¤§vn Ab¨ RvwZi †Lj- Zvgvkvi e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ bv

9 10
nq| fwel¨‡Z †hme NUbv msNwUZ n‡e, gnvbwe mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv
mvj−vg †m m¤ú‡K© Zuvi D¤§‡Z AewnZ K‡i †M‡Qb|
eZ©gvb Kv‡j BwZnvm Aa¨q‡bi ¸i“Z¡ eû¸‡Y e„w× †c‡q‡Q| KviY
gymjgvbiv Zv‡`i AZxZ †MŠie wdwi‡q Avbvi wPš—vi- fvebv Ki‡Q Ges
Zviv cybivq wb‡R‡`i Aw¯—Z¡ cÖgvY Kivi †Póv Ki‡Q|
AZxZ †_‡K wk¶v MÖnY Kivi †Póvi ga¨ w`‡q GKUv cÖkœ evi evi
Dw`Z nq; BwZnvm wK Zvi cybive„wË NUvq? †KD nq‡Zv G cÖ‡kœi †bwZevPK
Reve †`b, †KD nq‡Zv BwZevPK Reve w`‡q _v‡Kb, G Dfq Rev‡ei g‡a¨
GK ai‡bi Zvov-ûov i‡q‡Q, hv cÖksmbxq bq, A_ev G Rev‡ei g‡a¨ Ggb
wKQy mvaviY welq i‡q‡Q, hv‡Z wbwnZ i‡q‡Q GK ai‡bi ¯^w¯—| G ¯^w¯—
Rev‡ei we¯—vwiZ weei‡Y Wy‡e bv hvIqv †_‡K i¶v cvIqv ev welqUv wb‡q
MfxiZvq cÖ‡ek bv Kivi g‡a¨B GK ai‡bi ¯^w¯—|
Avi Avmj K_v n‡”Q GB †h, ¯’vb-Kvj wbY©q K‡i BwZnvm Zvi
cybive„wË NUvq bv A_ev GK GKUv NUbvi D`vniY †U‡b BwZnv‡mi
cybive„wË N‡U bv| KviY c„w_ex‡Z Gfv‡e NUbv cÖevn msMwVZ nq bv Ges
Avj−vni m„wói wbqgI GiKg bq| Avj−vn e‡jb :
ِ ‫ﺑﲔ ﱠ‬
(١٤٠ :‫اﻟﻨﺎس )آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ َ ْ َ ‫ﻧﺪاوﳍﺎ‬ َ ِْ َ
ُ ‫وﺗﻠﻚ ْ َ ﱠ‬
َُ ِ َ ُ ‫اﻷﻳﺎم‬
ÒAvi Avgiv gvby‡li g‡a¨ cvjvµ‡g G w`b¸‡jvi AveZ©b NwU‡q
_vwK|Ó (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb: 140)
Avj−vn Ab¨Î e‡jb-
ٍ ْ َ ‫ﻫﻮ ِﰲ‬
﴾٢٩ :‫ﺷﺄن ﴿اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ُﱠ‬
ٍ ْ َ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
ÒwZwb me©`v †Kvb bv †Kvb Kv‡R iZ Av‡Qb|Ó (m~iv Avi ivngvb: 29)
myZivs GKwU NUbv cy‡ivcywi Ab¨ Avi GKwU NUbvi mv‡_ wg‡j bv, Z‡e
Zv‡Z mvgÄm¨ Avi mv`„k¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †Kvb NUbvi ûeû cybive„wË
N‡U bv, ZvB gvbe eyw×i cÖK…wZ Ges †h cÖK…wZ‡Z Avj−vn gvbyl‡K m„Rb
K‡i‡Qb, Zv A‡bKvs‡k mv`„k¨ n‡q _v‡K| ¯’vb- Kv‡ji e¨eavb m‡Ë¡I G
fv‡eB NUbv- cÖevn msNwUZ nq| Avi G ixwZ‡ZB gvbe- gb wPš—v K‡i|
cÖwZwU hy‡MB Avgiv `yÕwU †kÖwY †`L‡Z cvB| GKwU †kÖwY Øx‡bi †¶‡Î
evovevwo K‡i| Aci †kÖwYwU Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i ΓwU K‡i, n«vm- e„w× K‡i| me
hy‡MB Ggb wKQy †jvK †`Lv hvq, hviv Ávb- eywׇK cweÎ g‡b K‡i Ges
Zv‡K KziAvb- nv`x‡m i me weav‡bi Dc‡i ¯’vb †`q| mKj hy‡M ˆ¯^i-
kvmb GKB _v‡K, Z‡e Zvi aib Avi cÖK…wZ e`jvq| Avj−vn ZvAvjv G
11
ˆ¯^i- kvm‡bi Rb¨ wdivDb‡K `„óvš—gj ~ K PwiÎ wnmv‡e Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb,
†h wQj AnwgKv Avi RvwZ‡Z RvwZ‡Z we‡f` m„wói GKUv cÖvwZôvwbK bvg|
Hk¦h©, wejvwmZv Avi Dj−vm- Drdzj−Zvi cÖKvk evievi N‡U; Z‡e Gi
aib Avi cÖKw… Zi e`j nq mf¨Zv- ms¯‹w… Zi ¯—i Abyhvqx| cuwy Rev‡`i wbK…ó
iƒ‡ci D`vniY wnmv‡e †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q Kviƒb‡K GKUv cÖZxK wnmv‡e|
µz‡m‡Wi hy‡× Bs‡iR- wLª÷vbiv gymjgvb‡`i m‡½ †h ivR‰bwZK
†Ljvq cÖeË „ n‡qwQj, Zv‡Z gymwjg HwZnvwmK‡`i f~wgKv eZ©gvb hy‡M
Bs‡iR‡`i ivRbxwZi K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q| kZ kZ ermi c~‡e© wgki Avi
my`v‡b Bs‡iRiv †h †Ljvq †g‡Z D‡VwQj, cvðvZ¨ AvR †m †LjvB †Lj‡Q|
Ôwmwiqvq Bs‡iR Avi wgkixq‡`i cZ‡bi ci Ges MW©b cvkvi nZ¨v‡š—
Bs‡iRiv wgk‡ii cÖwZ Bw½Z K‡i (Avi GLv‡b Bw½Z wb‡`©‡ki ¯’jvwfwl³)
†h, Zv‡`i DwPZ n‡”Q my`vb Z¨vM K‡i P‡j hvIqv Ges Zv‡`i Ae¯’vq
Zv‡`i‡K †Q‡o †`Iqv| Avi GUv wQj Zv‡`i my`vb Rq Kivi †Kej f~wgKv
gvÎ| Zviv wgkixq ˆmb¨‡`i‡K weZvwoZ K‡i| Zv‡`i cwiPvwjZ K‡i
Bs‡iR ˆmb¨, hv‡`i KZ©‡… Z¡ wQj †Rbv‡ij wKZ‡mbi| AZtci wgkixq
†jvKR‡bi mnvqZvq Zviv my`vb Rq K‡i †bq| Avi wgkixq‡`i‡K e‡j,
my`vb Avgv‡`i mgvb gvwjKvbvaxb1 ........ cvðv‡Z¨i HwZnvwmK Avmv
evÄjvi e‡jb, ÒZ_vq G‡_Ý Avi c¨vwi‡mi g‡a¨ GK GK we¯§qKi wgj
†`Lv hvq Gwi÷Uj Ges Kv›U- Gi g‡a¨| Av‡jKRvÛv‡ii weR‡qi ci wek¦
Rq Avi BD‡ivcxq Dcwb‡ekev‡`i g‡a¨ †`Lv hvq GK we¯§qKi mvgÄm¨2Ó
jv¤úU¨ ˆbivR¨ Avi mvgªvR¨ev‡`i cÖKvk me hy‡MB evievi †`Lv hvq;
Z‡e wewfbœ bv‡g| ÒAZxZ fwel¨‡Zi m‡½ †hgb mvgÄm¨c~Y,© †hgb
mv`„k¨c~Y© cvwbi m‡½ cvwb3Ó| ÒAZxZ µgweKv‡ki Av‡jv‡K eZ©gvb mgm¨v
Abyaveb Kiv gvbyl‡K eZ©gvb cÖ‡qvRb Abyave‡bi †hvM¨ K‡i †Zv‡j4|
eZ©gvb‡K Abyaveb Kiv †hgb AZx‡Zi cÖwZ cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj,
Abyiƒcfv‡e KL‡bv KL‡bv eZ©gvb Abyave‡bi Dci AZxZ Abyaveb wbf©i
K‡i| Avi Gme wKQy Avgv‡`i‡K ej‡Z eva¨ K‡i; nu¨v, BwZnvm wb‡Ri
cybive„wË NUvq, Z‡e wfbœ iƒ‡c Avi wfbœ i‡½| Avi G Rb¨B KziAvb gRx‡`
Avw¤^qv‡q †Kiv‡gi Kvwnwb eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q J×Z¨
1
gymwjg Rvnv‡bi eZ©gvb, 2q LÛ, c„ôv 196|
2
Wt Avng` gvngy` Qvenx t BwZnv‡mi `k©b cÖm‡½, c„ôv 252| Avi Ôwek¦ weRqÕ Bs‡iR‡`i KZ©Z
„ ¡
cÖwZôvi GKUv Dcvq gvÎ|
3
Be‡b Lvj`~b t A gyKvwÏgv, 1g LÛ, c„ôv 292|
4
jyB Ry‡eZwkK t Avgiv wK fv‡e BwZnvm Aa¨vqb Ki‡ev c„ôv 201|
12
civqY ˆ¯^ivPvix‡`i Kvwnwb Ges bvbv RvwZi aŸs‡mi KviY| KviY, gvbe Av‡›`vjb n‡q‡Q Av‡jg mgv‡Ri c¶ †_‡K Ges kvmK †kÖwYi c¶
RvwZi BwZnv‡m †mme Kvwnwb Avi NUbvi cybive„wË NU‡e evievi| †Kvb †_‡KI| AvaywbK hy‡MI RvMi‡Yi j¶Y †`Lv hv‡”Q; wKš‘ Zv AwZ axi
RvwZi me©‡kl cÖR‡b¥i †jvK¸‡jv‡K cÖv_wgK hy‡Mi †jvK¸‡jvi m‡½ Zzjbv MwZ‡Z| Zv‡K enb Ki‡Q AZxZ Kv‡ji †evSv Avi M−vwb| Avkv Kiv hvq
Ki‡j AZxZ gyÕwgb‡`i mvgÄm¨ dz‡U D‡V| Avi AZxZ Kv‡di‡`i m‡½ †h, Avj−vni ûKz‡g Zv Kvw•¶Z cwieZ©b Avi CwáZ ms¯‹v‡ii w`‡K wb‡q
eZ©gvb Kv‡di‡`i wgjI Luy‡R cvIqv hvq| KziAvb gRx‡` GKvwaK ¯’v‡b hv‡e| Avj−vni Rb¨ GUv †Kvb KwVb KvR bq| Avj−vn B ZvIdx‡Ki gvwjK|
D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, G †¶‡Î Avj−vni bxwZ Abo I AcwieZ©bxq1| -MÖšK
’ vi
ِ َ ‫وﻟﻴﺎ‬
ِ َ ُ ِ َ ‫اﻷدﺑﺎر ُﺛﻢ َﻻ‬ ِ ُ َ َ َ ‫وﻟﻮ‬
‫ﷲ‬ َ ‫﴾ ُ ﱠ‬٢٢﴿ ‫ﻧﺼﲑا‬
ِ‫ﺳﻨﺔ ا ﱠ‬ ً َ ‫وﻻ‬
َ َ ‫ﳚﺪون‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻮا ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫ﻛﻔﺮوا َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻜﻢ ﱠ‬
ُ َ َ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ُ ََْ
ُ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
(٢٣−٢٢ :‫ﻗﺒﻞ )ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ِ ْ َ َ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ِ‫ﱠ‬
ْ َ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬
ْ ‫ﺧﻠﺖ‬
ÒKvwdiiv hw` †Zvgv‡`i †gvKvwejv Ki‡Zv Z‡e Aek¨B Zviv c„ô
cÖ`k©b Ki‡Zv| ZLb Zviv †Kvb AwffveK I mvnvh¨Kvix †c‡Zv bv| GUvB
Avj−vni bxwZ, hv c~e© †_‡K Pvjy Av‡Q|Ó (myiv dvZn: 22-23)
bvbvwea ev‡Zbx †diKv AZx‡Z †h me lohš¿g~jK Kg©KvÊ Pvwj‡q‡Q,
Zv Abyaveb Kiv eZ©gvb hy‡M Zv‡`i Pµvš— Avi lohš¿ ü`qsMg Ki‡Z
Avgv‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| we‡kl K‡i hLb `„óvš— ¯úó Avi GKRb gymwjg
cwieZ©‡bi †¶‡Î Avj−vnibxwZ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nq, ZLb GUv Zv‡K cÖPzi
AwfÁZv mg„× K‡i †`q, †h AwfÁZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ Zvi ¶z`ª Rxe‡bi
w¯’wZ¸‡jvI h‡_ó bq|
†h mgqUv m¤ú‡K© Avgiv wjL‡Z hvw”Q, Zv n‡”Q wnRix PZz_© kZvãx
Ges ZrcieZ©x Kv‡ji wPÎ| ZLb †_‡K mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi Avwef©ve
Kvj ch©š— cwieZ©b Kxfv‡e m~wPZ n‡q‡Q? †m cwieZ©‡bi ïi“ †Kv_v †_‡K
Ges Kxfv‡e n‡q‡Q? †Kvb iKg f~wgKv Avi c~e©vfvm Qvov nVvr K‡i
b~i“Ïxb Rw½ Avi mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi g‡Zv gnvbvq‡Ki Avwef©ve N‡U bv|
†mKv‡j hv wKQy N‡U‡Q Ges Zrci eZ©x Kv‡j †h cwieZ©b m~wPZ n‡q‡Q,
Zvi m‡½ †Kvb †Kvb w`K †_‡K eZ©gvb hy‡Mi wgj i‡q‡Q| Avgiv †`L‡Z
cveI, Kxfv‡e RvMi‡Yi m~Pbv n‡q‡Q| Avevi Kxfv‡e ¶YKvj Zv `wgZ
n‡q cybivq kw³kvjx iƒ‡c Zv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| GUv ¯^vfvweK †h, mgqUv
wQj aviYv- Kíbvi †P‡qI †ewk `xN©| KviY ivR‰bwZK Ges A_©‰bwZK †h
weavb c~e© †_‡K P‡j AvmwQj, Zv GZB Mfx‡i †cÖvw_Z wQj †h, Zv `~i
Kivi Rb¨ cÖPÊ AvNv‡Zi cÖ‡qvRb wQj, cÖ‡qvRb wQj A‡bK cvwb wm‡bi|
GiciI Zv m¤ú~Y© `~ixf~Z nqwb| Ges `yÕRb b¨vq civqY kvm‡Ki ciI Zv
Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| wKš‘ ZvB e‡j ms¯‹vi Avi bevq‡bi Av‡›`vjb eÜ nqwb|
1
Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv t Avj-dvZvIqv, 28 LÛ, c„ôv 425|
13 14
 Abyev`‡Ki wb‡e`b cÖKvkbvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib Ges mvsevw`K eÜz †mwjg DÏxb wbhvgxi
AZxZ NUbv BwZnvm e‡j cwiwPZ| AvR‡Ki NUbv AvMvgx w`b mn‡hvwMZv Qvov G eB cÖKvk Kiv m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| Avwg Zv‡`i‡K GRb¨
BwZnv‡m cwiYZ n‡”Q| c„w_ex‡Z cÖwZw`b KZ me NUbv NU‡Q, †K Zvi Avš—wiK ab¨ev` I K…ZÁZv Ávcb KiwQ|
Lei iv‡L| BwZnvm `k©‡bi ¯’cwZ e‡j cwiwPZ Avj−vgv Be‡b Lj`yb Z`xq myax cvVK †kÖwY G MÖš’ cvV K‡i BwZnvm †_‡K wk¶v MÖnY Kivi Rb¨
weij iPbv ÔAvj-gyKvwÏgvÕq e‡jb: ÒBwZnvm GKUv cÖgvYwm× welq hvi D‡`¨vMx n‡j kÖg mv_©K Ávb Kie| gnvb Avj−vn mKj‡K ZvIdxK `vb
g‡a¨ wbwnZ i‡q‡Q wPš—v- M‡elYvi DcKiY Ges †MvUv wek¦ cÖKw… Zi m~² Ki“b|
ZË¡| bvbv RvwZ- †Mvôx BwZnvm PP©v Avi AvqZ¡ Kivi Rb¨ `~i- `~ivš— mdi †Mvjvg †mvenvb wmwÏKx
K‡i|Ó c„w_ex‡Z cÖwZw`b Ggb A‡bK NUbv msNwUZ n‡”Q, hv‡Z gvby‡li wbwiwewj 12-B 1/38 gxicyi XvKv-1216
wk¶v MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| Gme NUbv cÖevn
†_‡K wk¶v MÖnY K‡i gvbyl wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Rxeb‡K Ki‡Z cv‡i my›`i I mg„× Ges c„w_ex‡K cwiYZ Ki‡Z cv‡i kvwš—
av‡g| wKš‘ gvbyl Zv Ki‡Q bv| KziAvb gRx‡` bex BDmyd AvjvBwnm
mvjvg Gi wk¶Yxq BwZnvm Av‡jvPbvi ci ejv n‡q‡Q;
ÒAvKvk gÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z Ggb A‡bK wb`k©b Av‡Q, hv gvbyl cÖZ¨¶
K‡i wKš‘ †m me †_‡K gyL wdwi‡q †bqÓ wek¦¯— I wbf©i‡hvM¨ BwZnvm MÖ‡š’i
Drm Avj-KziAvb| Avgiv KziAvb gRx` Aa¨qb Kwi bv, Abyaveb Kwi bv|
KziAvb gRx‡` ewY©Z HwZnvwmK wk¶Yxq NUbvejx †_‡K wk¶v MÖn‡Yi †Póv
Kwi bv| G Kvi‡Y Avgv‡`i mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b †Kvb BwZevPK cwieZ©b
cwijw¶Z n‡”Q bv|
myjZvb mvjvn DÏxb AvBq~exi AvMg‡bi c~‡e© gymwjg Rvnv‡bi Ae¯’v
Ges mgmvgwqK BwZnv‡mi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbvi cÖqvm †c‡q‡Qb Avie
Rvnv‡bi L¨vZbvgv †jLK I ZvwË¡K kvqL gynv¤§` Avj-Ave`vn| wZwb
wbf©i‡hvM¨ BwZnvm MÖš’ Be‡b Lj`y‡bi wKZveyj Bevi, Avj−vgv nvwdh
Bgv`yÏxb Be‡b KvQxi cÖYxZ KvjRqx BwZnvm MÖš’ ÔAvj-we`vqv Iqvb
wbnvqvÕ Ges HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi cÖYxZ ÔZvwiL~j KvwgjÕ Gi DׄwZ
w`‡q BwZnv‡mi cvZv †_‡K A‡bK LÊ wPÎ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb GB ¶z`ª MÖ‡š’|
†jLK eBwUi bvg w`‡q‡Qb BwZnv‡mi wK cybiveZ©b N‡U? (Does history
repeats itself) GLv‡b GKUv K_v e‡j ivLv fvj †h, Av‡jg †kÖwY Z_v
wkw¶Z mgvR n‡jv †`‡n i‡³i b¨vq, Kv‡iv kix‡i i³ `~wlZ n‡q †M‡j
†hgb Zvi my¯Z ’ v Avkv Kiv hvq bv, †Zgwb mgv‡Ri wkw¶Z †kÖwYi g‡a¨
weK…wZ †`Lv w`‡j †m mgv‡Ri cZb Avi cuPb Awbevh© n‡q I‡V,
evsjv‡`kmn †MvUv gymwjg we‡k¦i eZ©gvb mvgvwRK Ae¯’v ZviB ev¯—e bgybv
n‡q †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| eÜzei nv‡dR gvIjvbv †bQvi“Ïxb Avng` eBwUi

15 16
 m~wPcÎ
cÖ_g Aa¨vq cÖ_g Aa¨vq
µz‡mW hy‡×i c~‡e© gymjgvb‡`i mvaviY Ae¯’v
1. evM`v‡` †LjvdZ Ges Af¨š—ixY Ø›Ø-msNvZ|
2. A_©‰bwZK wech©‡qi wKQy bgybv| µz‡mW hy‡×i c~‡e© gymjgvb‡`i mvaviY Ae¯’v
3. Av‡jg mgvR I ivRbxwZ|
4. ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq Ges Af¨š—ixY mš¿vm|
5. cÖwZ‡iv‡a `ye©j mvov|
1. evM`v‡` †LjvdZ Ges Af¨š—ixY Ø›Ø-msNvZ|
wØZxq Aa¨vq
wkqv ev‡Zbx fveavivq KZ©…Z¡ jv‡fi †Póv 2. A_©‰bwZK wech©‡qi wKQy bgybv|
1. Ievq`x (297-567 wnRix) 3. Av‡jg mgvR I ivRbxwZ|
2. eyqvBnx
3. Kviv‡gZv m¤úÖ`vq 4. ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq Ges Af¨š—ixY mš¿vm|
4. eby nvg`vb 5. cÖwZ‡iv‡a `ye©j mvov|
5. wnj−vq Avmv`xiv
6. Bqvgv‡b myjvBnx m¤úÖ`vq (429-492 wnRix)
7. djvdj I wk¶v
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi ïf msev`
1. AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Ges mybvœ ni cÖKvk
2. kw³kvjx mybœxœ iv‡óªi D™¢e
3. gv`ªvmv cÖwZôv Ges Ávb-weÁv‡bi ¸i“Z¡
4. Af¨š—ixY ûgwK m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv
5. wkqv‡`i c„ô‡cvlKZv eR©b Ges Avn‡j mybœvni Avb›` Dj−vm
PZz_© Aa¨vq
wRnv` D¤§Z‡K HK¨e× K‡i
1. Av¯’v cybtcÖwZôv
2. myjZvb b~i“Ïxb gvngy‡`i wRnv`
3. mvjvnDÏx‡bi wRnv`
4. GB `yB kvmK ؇qi `„wó‡Z ms¯‹vi I bevqb
5. cieZ©xKv‡j ms¯‹vi †Kb Ae¨vnZ wQj bv?

17 18

µz‡mW hy‡×i c~‡e© gymjgvb‡`i mvaviY Ae¯’v
wnRix PZz_© kZvãxi ïi“ †_‡K wnRix 5g kZvãxi ga¨fvM ch©š—
gymjgvb‡`i ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vi1 wPÎ A¼b Ki‡Z †M‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB
`ye©jZv Avi `jv`wj, hv wQj †m mg‡q gymwjg Rvnv‡bi mvaviY wPÎ|
ZrKv‡j gymwjg Rvnvb ci¯úi msNvZ gyLi ¶z`ª ¶z`ª iv‡óª cwiYZ nq|
ZLb e¨w³ ¯^v_© we‡kl cÖvavb¨ cvq| ¶gZvi fvlvq Zviv K_v ej‡Zv|
¶gZvi gmb` `Lj KivB wQj Zv‡`i Pig j¶¨| GRb¨ Kv‡di‡`i wbKU
†_‡K mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z n‡jI Zviv KzwÉZ n‡Zv bv| A_ev †Kvb kni
`ykg‡bi nv‡Z P‡j †M‡jI †mRb¨ †Kvb wPš—v Ki †Zv bv, wb‡R‡`i mvaviY
¯^v_© i¶vq GwM‡q Avmvi mvnm †KD †`Lvqwb, cybivq H‡K¨i Av‡›`vjb ïi“
Kiv‡Zv `~‡ii K_v|
G mgq gymjgvbiv ev‡Zbx Av‡›`vjb Øviv cix¶vq wbcwZZ nq| Gme
ev‡Zbx Av‡›`vjb wkqv gZev`‡K Avovj wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i| G Øviv mvaviY
gvbyl Ges bxP †kÖwYi †jvK‡`i‡K cÖZvwiZ K‡i Ges G my‡hv‡M g~j
Bmjv‡gi wb›`vev` cÖPvi K‡i| †hme HwZnvwmK Ges Ávbx- ¸Yx e¨w³ bvbv
`j- Dc`j m„wó m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB e‡j‡Qb †h,
Gme ev‡Zbx Av‡›`vjb Avie‡`i Bmjvwg weR‡qi wei“‡× cviwmK cÖwZwµqv
Qvov Avi wKQyB bq| gymwjg we‡RZv‡`i mvgwiK weRq `„p I cÖwZwôZ
n‡Z †`‡L Zviv eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, Bmjv‡gi weRq †iva Kiv hv‡e bv, ZLb
Giv †fZi †_‡K ¶wZ mva‡bi †Póvq cÖe„Ë nq| Zviv Rvb‡Zv †h, Avn‡j
evBZ (bexi eskai) Gi cÖwZ AvnŸvb Avi Zv‡`i cÖwZ fw³- kÖ×v Avi
fv‡jvevmvi cÖKvk A‡bK KY©‡KB AvK…ó Ki‡e Ges gymjgvb‡`i `ye©j
Abyfw~ Z2 Zv‡`i w`‡K Uvb‡Z m¶g n‡e| Avi mvaviY gvbyl †eLei| G
my‡hv‡M Avn‡j evB‡Zi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡`i‡K †auvKv †`qv
hv‡e|
ev‡Zbx Av‡›`vjb¸‡jv G‡nb `yie¯’v‡K g~jab wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i G
†_‡K dvq`v nvwmj K‡i| wkqv gZev`‡K Xvj wnmv‡e e¨envi K‡i Zviv
1 mgvnvi NUv‡bv m¤ú‡K© hv wKQy cÖPvi Kiv nq Zv‡`i Ryjyg- wbh©vZb Avi
G mgq ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vi †P‡q wk¶v- mvs¯‹…wZK Ae¯’v DbœZ wQj| A‡bK eo eo Av‡jg Ávb
Avi mybœvn †ndvhZ K‡ib| Zv‡`i QvÎiv Áv‡bi we¯—vi K‡ib| wKš‘ ivR‰bwZK `~e©jZv Av‡jg
mgv‡Ri Dci cÖfve †d‡j| ZLb Bgvg RyqvBbx g°vq P‡j hvb| gvgjyK‡`i A‡bK Av‡jg‡K
Rxeb w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| c‡i we¯—wiZ eY©bv †ck Kiv n‡e|
2
ivm~‡ji m. Abymvix Avn‡j evB‡Zi ¯’vb cÖkvœ ZxZ| Z‡e G e¨vcv‡i evovevwo Ges Kg-‡ekx Kiv
hv‡e bv| G m¤ú‡K© kixq‡Zi ¯có wb‡`©k i‡q‡Q|
19
†Mvc‡b Ges cÖKv‡k¨ wb‡R‡`i Av‡›`vj‡bi †gŠj welq cÖPvi Kivi my‡hvM
cvq| AZtci Zv‡`i Abymvixiv Z‡j Z‡j †ewi‡q wM‡q Ges evB‡i †_‡K
gymjgvb‡`i mnvqZv K‡i †h cix¶vq cwZZ nq, Ab¨ †Kvb hy‡M gymjgvbiv
Ggb cix¶vq cwZZ nqwb| ax‡i ax‡i †LjvdZ‡K `yej © K‡i †d‡j|
Gfv‡eB Zviv ZvZvwi Avi µz‡mWvi‡`i mnvqZv K‡i| e¨w³ we‡kl‡K
†Mvc‡b nZ¨v Kivi cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i Zviv A‡bK gvby‡li g‡b fxwZ mÂvi
Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Avi G †¶‡Î Zviv mvgwqKfv‡e mdjI n‡q‡Q| Giv
n‡”Q Bûw`‡`i g‡Zv, Zviv hLbB c„w_ex‡Z †Mvj‡hvM Avi wech©q m„wó
K‡i‡Q, ZLb Avj−vn Ggb †jvK ˆZqvi K‡ib, hviv Zv‡`i‡K K‡Vvi kvw¯—
w`‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ GiciI Zviv wd‡i Av‡m bv Ges wk¶v MÖnY K‡i bv|
(٦٤ :‫أﻃﻔﺄﻫﺎ اﷲﱠُ )ﺳﻮرة أﳌﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ْ َ ْ ِ ‫ﻧﺎرا‬
َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮب‬ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﻛﻠﲈ‬
ً َ ‫أوﻗﺪوا‬ َ ‫ُﱠ‬
ÒhLbB Zviv hy‡×i AwMœ cÖR¡wjZ K‡i, Avj−vn Zv wbe©vwcZ K‡ib|Ó
(m~iv gv‡q`v: 64)|
wbtm‡›`‡n mybœvni Abymvixiv m‡Z¨i Dci cÖwZwôZ wQj Avi GUvB
Zv‡`i‡K kw³ †RvMvq| Zviv hw` HK¨e× n‡q kwiqZm¤§Z Kg©m~Px
Aej¤^b K‡i, ZLb Avj−vni ûKz‡g ZvivB weRqx nq| †KD †KD Ggb gZI
mg_©b K‡i, hv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q : †mKv‡j iv‡óªi msL¨v e„w×i g‡a¨ A‡bK
`yej
© Zv wbwnZ wQj| KviY, †m¸‡jv bZzb ivóª| Avi mZ¨ K_v GB †h,
Zv‡`i AvK¡x`v- wek¦v‡mi K_v ev` w`‡jI ivR‰bwZK Avi mvgwqK †¶‡Î
Zviv b~Zb Kj¨vYKi wKQyB Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| †ivgK‡`i cÖwZ‡iv‡a Ges
Zv‡`i m‡½ hy‡× nvg`vwbiv hv wKQy Ki‡Z †c‡iwQj, †Kej ZvB wQj Zv‡`i
m¤^j| Avi Zv wQj GKUv mxwgZ mg‡qi Rb¨| †ivgK‡`i cZ‡bi ci
Zv‡`i c~e©Zb Ae¯’v wd‡i Av‡m| ïi“ nq Lyb- Lvivwe| Aek¨ eb~-eyqvBn
Ges eb~ Ievq`iv gymjgvb‡`i KZ©Z … ¡ ¯’vc‡b Zv‡`i b~Zb kw³ Kv‡R
jvMvq| Bmjvwg iv‡óªi mxgvq b~Zb ivóª †hvM Kiv‡Zv `~‡ii K_v, Zviv
G‡`i cÖwZ‡iv‡aI †m kw³ e¨envi K‡iwb| Áv‡bi cÖwZ Zv‡`i fv‡jvevmv,
Av‡jg- Ijvgv‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i‡K DØy×- AbycÖvwYZ Kiv, mvwnwZ¨K‡`i cÖwZ
AbycÖvwYZ Kiv BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© hv wKQy ejv nq Ges Zv‡`i MÖš’ ivwRi
mybœvni Abymvix Av‡jg‡`i‡K nZ¨v Kiv Ges wb‡R‡`i ag©g‡Zi cÖwZ Zv‡`i
20
c¶cvwZ‡Z¡i mvg‡b Zv Zz”Q I g~j¨nxb3| Avi Kviv‡gZv m¤úÖ`v‡qi
Avj−vni m„wóKz‡ji g‡a¨ me© wbK…ó|
gymwjg Rvnv‡bi Ae¯’v eY©bv cÖm‡½ AZx‡Zi m‡½ eZ©gv‡bi †hvMm~‡Îi
Rb¨ hZUzKz cÖ‡qvRb, ZZUzKz cwigvY BwZnvmI Dc¯’vcb Ki †evbv,
fwel¨‡Z gh©v`v jv‡fi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq BwZnv‡miI D‡j−L Ki †evbv| Ab¨
wKQyI D‡j−L Ki†evbv| †h hyMUv cÖm‡½ Avgiv hLb Av‡jvPbv Kie, ZLb
Avgiv †m hy‡Mi me©vZ¥K Ae¯’vB eySv‡ev| Ab¨_vq Ggb DwRi- gš¿xiI Aw¯—
Z¡ wQj, hv‡`i g‡a¨ kw³ Avi Kj¨vY wQj, †hgb DwRi A Be‡b Cmv Be‡b
`vD` Bebyj Rvivn| wZwb wQ‡jb GKvav‡i Bgvg Ges gynvwÏm| AveŸvmxq
Lwjdv gyKZvw`i wej−vn Ges Kvwni wej−vni kvmbvg‡j wZwb gš¿xi `vwqZ¡
cvjb K‡ib| A‡bK Av‡j‡gi K_v wZwb kÖeY K‡ib| mZ¨- mwVK `x‡b
wZwb wQ‡jb AUj- AwePj Ges Áv‡b- ¸‡Y wZwb wQ‡jb kxl©¯’vbxq| Zuvi
gRwjm Av‡jg‡`i Øviv cwic~Y© _vK‡Zv| HwZnvwmK k~jx e‡jb, ÔcweÎZv-
cwi”QbœZv, `ywbqv Z¨vM Ges KziAvb gRx` wnd‡hi †¶‡Î eby AveŸv‡mi
gš¿x‡`i g‡a¨ Zuvi g‡Zv †KD wQj bv| wZwb Ryjgy AZ¨vPv‡ii wePvi-
gxgvsmv Ki‡Z em‡Zb Ges mwZ¨Kvi Bbmvd cÖwZôv Ki‡Zb| wnRix 334
mv‡j g°vq wZwb B‡š—Kvj K‡ib4| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb ÔBdQvnÕ MÖ‡š’i
cÖ‡YZv DwRi Be‡b ûZvqiv BqvnBqv Be‡b gynv¤§`| wZwb KziAvb gRx`
cvV Ki‡Zb Ges nvw`m kixd Aa¨qb Ki‡Zb| Aviwe e¨vKiY wel‡q Zuvi
Mfxi Ávb wQj| Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^‡ji gvRnv‡ei wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb
eo dKxn| wZwb wQ‡jb AveŸvmx Ljxd gyËvhxi DwRi| wnRix 560 mv‡j
wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib5|
G hy‡Mi wecyj msL¨K Av‡jg gymjgvb‡`i‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i|
hw`I Zv‡`i wbKU Av‡iv eo wKQyi cÖZ¨vkv wQj|
3 GKwU RyeŸv e¨ZxZ Zuvi Kv‡Q †Kvb cwi‡aq e¯¿ wQj bv| G e¯¿ LÊB wZwb
I¯—v` Avng` Avgxb Ôhyni“j BmjvgÕ MÖ‡š’ D‡j−L K‡ib †h, †m mg‡q Gme ¶z`ª ¶z`ª iv‡óª wef³
nIqv AveŸvmx mgªv‡R¨i cZvKv Z‡j wU‡K _vKvi PvB‡Z fv‡jv n‡q‡Q| wZwb Ávb- weÁvb Avi
A_©‰bwZK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K G gZ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Zuvi G gZ wVK bq| KviY D¤§‡Zi HK¨e×
nIqv Zv‡`i fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ g½jRbK| Avi Ávb- weÁvb †Zv ZLb we¯—vi jvf K‡i, hLb
¯^vaxbZv Avi DØy×KiY †m Rb¨ c_ Db¥y³ K‡i †`q|
4
nv‡dR kvgmyÏxb hvnvex t wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev (kxl©¯’vbxq gymwjg gbxlx‡`i Rxeb PwiZ) LÛ
15, c„ôv 298|
5
Be‡b KvQxi t Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ 12,c„ôv 269|
21
1.evM`v‡` †LjvdZ Ges Af¨š—ixY Ø›Ø- msNvZ
HwZnvwmK Be‡b KvwQi wnRix 324 mv‡j AveŸvmxq †Ljvd‡Zi Ae¯’v eY©bv
cÖm‡½ e‡jb :
†Ljvd‡Zi Abyl½ AZxe `yej © n‡q c‡o| Avkcv‡ki beveiv ¯^vaxbZv
†NvlYv K‡i e‡m Ges evM`v‡`i evB‡i Lwjdvi †Kvb KZ©Z … B¡ Aewkó wQj
bv| Avi Ab¨vb¨ Avkcv‡ki A‡ji g‡a¨ emiv †hvM †`q Be‡b iv‡q‡Ki
m‡½| LywR¯—vb †hvM †`q Avey Avãyj−vn eyivB`xi m‡½| Avi cvim¨ †hvM
†`q Bgv`y` `Ijvn Be‡b eyqvBn Gi m‡½, †Kigvb †hvM †`q Avey Avjx
Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b BjBqvm Be‡b Avj- Bqvmv Gi m‡½; gy‡mj, hvRxiv,
w`qv‡i eKi Ges gy`vi I iexÕAv †MvÎ †hvM †`q eby nvg`vb Gi m‡½, Avi
wgki Ges wmwiqv wQj gynv¤§` Be‡b ZvMR- Gi nv‡Z| Avwd«Kvb †`k¸‡jv
(wZDwbwmqv) Ges gi‡°v wQj dv‡Zgx Lwjdv Kv‡mg Be‡b gvn`xi nv‡Z;
Lyivmvb Avi gv-IqvivDb bni ev gv‡f© wQj bQi mvgvbxi nv‡Z Avi
evnivBb, nvRi Ges Bqvgvgv wQj Avey Zv‡ni myjvqgvb Be‡b Avey mvC`
Avj- Rvbvex Avj- KvigvZxi nv‡Z1|
GgbB wQj †m mg‡qi Ø›Ø- msNvZ, Avi Gfv‡eB Zviv UzK‡iv UzK‡iv
n‡q c‡owQj|
Avwg g‡b Kwi, Be‡b KvQxi †h eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb, †Ljvd‡Zi Ae¯’v Zvi
†P‡qI †kvPbxq wQj| †Kvb †Kvb mgq GgbI `uvovq †h, Lwjdv †h cÖvmv‡`
evm Ki‡Zb, Zvi evB‡i Zuvi †Kvb KZ©Z … ¡ Av‡Q e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡Zv bv| GUv
wQj GK we¯§qKi `yej © Zv| evM`v‡`i Lwjdviv wQj Lv‡`g Avi PvKi-
evKi‡`i nv‡Zi cyZj z | Zviv `ª“Z Qy‡U †hZ Avwgi- Igiv‡`i ˆm‡b¨i Rb¨|
Zviv wb‡Riv G `ye©jZv Dcjwä Ki‡Zv wKbv, Rvwb bv| wKš‘ Zviv g‡b
Ki‡Zv †h, Z‡e Zv‡`i `vm n‡q _vKvi †P‡q Gfv‡e †eu‡P _vKv †kÖq| A_ev
c` gh©v`vi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv Ges Gi †cQ‡b †h myL Avi wejvm I Avivg-
Av‡qk i‡q‡Q, Zv whj−Zx †g‡b †bqvi mxgv ch©š— †cuŠ‡QwQj|2 Lwjdv gynv¤§`
Be‡b Avng`, hvi Dcvwa wQj Kvwni wej−vn, wZwb hLb c`Pz¨Z nb, ZLb
1
Avj-we`vqvnv Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ 11, c„ôv 197|
2
Aek¨ AvaywbK BwZnvm Avgv‡`i‡K e‡j †h, ¶gZvi †gvn Ggb ch©v‡q †cŠu‡Q, †hLv‡b ¶gZv
Avi ¶gZvmxb‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi Rb¨ †`k Avi RvwZ‡K wemR©b †`qv hvq| cÖvP¨ Avi cÖZx‡P¨
A‡bK‡K nxb Avi Zz”Q Ae¯’vq †eu‡P _vK‡Z †`Lv hvq| Z‡e †m wb‡Ri RvwZi Rb¨ Me© K‡i|
†kªôZ¡ cÖKvk K‡i| Avj−vn ‡Zv Zuvi `ykb‡`i Ac`¯’ K‡i Qv‡ob|
22
Mv‡q Rov‡Zb| Avi Zuvi cv‡q wQj KveKve bvgK GK cÖKvi Kvô wbwg©Z
cv`yKv (Avgv‡`i fvlvq hv‡K Log ejv nq)| wZwb gmwR‡` Ny‡i Ny‡i
gvby‡li wbKU nvZ cvZ‡Zb3| Avi Lwjdv GKUv wec−ex Awfhv‡b e¨_©
nIqvi ci cjvqb K‡i evM`v‡`i R‰bK m¤£vš— e¨w³ Bebyj Rvmmvm Gi
wbKU AvZœ‡Mvcb K‡ib| AZtci Zuvi Dci nvgjv Pvwj‡q ˆckvwPKfv‡e
Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq (Zuvi AÊ-†Kvl Øq †_uZ‡j †`qv nq)| AZtci GKUv
Pv`‡i Ave„Z K‡i Zuvi jvk cwievi- cwiR‡bi wbKU †cÖiY Kiv nq4| Avi
Lwjdv gy¯—vKdx‡K (g„Zz¨ 334 wnRix) fvZv †`qv nq, hvi cwigvY wQj
evwl©K 5 nvRvi w`invg| G fvZv †`qv nq wmsnvmbv‡ivnx Avng` Be‡b
eyqvBn& Gi c¶ †_‡K| Gici cvMwo wQu‡o †d‡j P¶z dzUv K‡i5 Zv‡K
c`Pz¨Z K‡i e›`x Kiv nq Ges e›`x `kv‡ZB Zuvi g„Zz¨ nq| Lwjdv gywZ
wjj−vn kvmbvg‡j iv‡óªi mKj KZ©…Z¡ wQj gyBhhy` `Ijvn eyqvBnxi nv‡Z
Avi eo c`, †hgb KvwR ev wePvicwZ, cywjk wefvM Ges wnmve wefv‡Mi
c` †Kbv- †ePv n‡Zv (Avi GUvB wQj wbivcËvi aib)|
Avi Lwjdv Avj- gyKZvw`i wej−vn- Gi Rxe‰bwZnvm m¤ú‡K© ejv
n‡q‡Q †h, 13 ermi eq‡m Zuvi c‡¶ evqqvZ MÖnY Kiv nq| Zuvi
kvmbvg‡j †LjvdZ e¨e¯’v †f‡O c‡o Ges Zvi gvb bx‡P †b‡g hvq|
ivR‡Z¡i cÖ_g w`‡KB Zuv‡K ¶gZvPz¨Z K‡i Be‡b gyÕZvh Gi c‡¶ evBqvZ
MÖnY Kiv nq| GUv m¤úbœ nIqvi c~‡e©B cybivq gyKZvw`i c`Pz¨Z nb|
AZtci Kvwni Gi c‡¶ evBqvZ MÖnY Kiv nq| Gici Avevi gyKZvw`i‡K
¶gZvq emv‡bv nq| Z…Zxq `dvq Zuv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| wZwb m¤ú` AcPq
Ki‡Zb| ivóª fvÊv‡ii mgy`q A_© wZwb e¨q K‡i †d‡jb| Gici ˆmb¨‡`i
†eZb w`‡Z Afv‡e co‡j †eZb bv †c‡q ˆmb¨iv Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i6 |
Lwjdv gynv¤§` Be‡b gyKZvw`i Aviivhx wej−vn Gi Rxebx m¤ú‡K© LwZe
Avey eKi e‡jb : Zuvi A‡bK ¸Y- ˆewkó¨ Av‡Q| †m m‡ei Ab¨Zg n‡”Q
wZwb n‡”Qb †m Lwjdv, whwb Rygvi w`b LyZev cvV K‡ib| †mbvevwnbxi
ZË¡veav‡b whwb GKK ˆewk‡ó¨i AwaKvix| wZwb wQ‡jb `vbkxj, Av‡jg
†cÖwgK| wnRix 329 m‡b wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib7|
3
Be‡b KvQxi, LÛ 11, c„ôv 224|
4
Bebyj Avmxi, A Kvwgj, LÛ 8, c„ôv 18|
5
¶gZvPz¨Z e¨w³i P¶z dzUv K‡i †`qv GKUv Acivag~jK KvR| G‡Z †m e¨w³ AÜ wnmv‡e Rxeb
hvcb K‡i| Kw_Z Av‡Q †h, ZzKx© iv †ivgK‡`i wbKU †_‡K G ixwZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q|
6 8
wmqvi“ Avwgb byev, LÛ 15, c„ôv 43|
7 9
cÖv¸³, LÛ 15, c„ôv 104|
23
eZ©gvbKv‡j A‡bK wec−eB Avgv‡`i‡K mgKvjxb Aviexq NUbvejxi
K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv G wk‡í L¨vwZ AR©b K‡i‡Qb,
Zv‡`i bxwZ n‡”Q †`‡ki cy‡ivcywi me©bvk bv K‡i Zviv wKQy‡ZB ¶gZv
Z¨vM Ki‡eb bv|
Avgiv AZx‡Zi D`vni‡Yi w`‡K wd‡i hvB| Lwjdv Kvwni wej−vn hLb
Zvi `yÕ cÖwZØ›Øxi m‡½ msNv‡Z Rq jvf K‡ib, Zv‡`i GKRb n‡”Qb; gy‡bm
Avj- Kv‡q` Avi Ab¨Rb n‡”Q ; DwRi Avjx Be‡b eyjvBK| ZLb Zv‡`i
Dfq‡KB e›`x K‡ib Ges e›`x `kvq K‡¶ cÖ‡ek K‡i Zv‡`i‡K RevB K‡i
nZ¨v K‡ib| AZtci wPivPwiZ Af¨vm Abyhvqx Zv‡`i KwZ©Z g¯—K ivóªxq
†KvlvMv‡i †cÖiY Kiv nq8|
Lwjdv gyKZvw`i Gi cyÎ A gyËvKx wjj−vn Beªvnxg Gi Rxebx m¤ú‡K©
ejv n‡q‡Q :
†Mvj‡hvM c~Y© mg‡q wZwb †Ljvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| Be‡b iv‡qK
Avi evwi`xi wdZbvi d‡j ivRavbx evM`v‡` jyVcvU ïi“ n‡j Lwjdv gyËvKx
Ges Zuvi cyÎ gym‡j cjvqb K‡ib| ZLb evM`v‡` evwi`xi kvmb KZ©…Z¡
P‡j| AZtci mvBdz`‡`Šjv Avj nvg`vbx Iqv‡mZ- G AvMgb K‡i
evwi`x‡K civwRZ K‡ib| AZtci Z‚hby evM`v‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡j Lwjdv Zv‡K
Avgxi“j Dgviv wbhy³ K‡ib| Lwjdv evM`v` Z¨vM Kivi Rb¨ e¨vKzj n‡q
wgk‡ii kvmbKZ©v AvLkx‡`i mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡ib| AvLkx` Zv‡K Dc‡`k
†`b evM`v` †Q‡o wmwiqv ev wgki Mgb Kivi Rb¨| wKš‘ Lwjdv G Dc‡`k
cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i evM`v‡` wd‡i hvb| Zuvi evM`v` †cuŠQv gvÎ ZzwK© †mbvcwZ
Zzhb~ Zuvi wei“‡× we‡`ªvn KiZ: P¶z DrcvUb K‡i| G m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK
Be‡b KvwQi e‡jb : G ermi (wnRix 331 mv‡j) evM`v‡` iv‡dhx ag©gZ
we¯—vi jvf K‡i| ZLb kn‡i †NvlYv Rvwi Kiv nq: †KD †Kvb mvnvwei
wb›`v Ki‡j Zvi wbivcËvi `vwqZ¡ †KD MÖnY Ki‡e bv9|
H Pig ˆbivR¨Ki cwiw¯’wZ †Kej evM`v‡`B mxgve× wQj bv, eis Zv
wQj me©e¨vcx me©MvÖ mx| e¨w³ ¯^v_© Avi AvwgZ¡ cÖej n‡q †`Lv †`q, Gi d‡j
†`‡k †Mvj‡hvM, wech©q Avi A_©‰bwZK g›`v †`Lv w`‡jI †KD Zv wb‡q
gv_v Nvgvqwb| wnRix 332 mv‡ji NUbvejx‡Z †iKW© Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avey
Avãyj−vn evwi`x Zvi fvB Avey BDmy‡di m¤ú` n¯—MZ Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡K nZ¨v
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 8, c„ôv 261|
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ 11, c„ôv 218|
24
K‡i10| evZxnvi AwacwZ ûmvBb Be‡b Bgivb Be‡b kvwnb Avcb fvB
MvBjv‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ †jvK wb‡qvM K‡i|
wnRix 403 mv‡j gyb‡P‡ni Avcb wcZv RyiRv‡bi AwacwZ Kve~m Be‡b
kvgKxi‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ Zvi mfvm`‡`i m‡½ civgk© K‡i, hv‡Z cyÎ
me©gq KZ©…Z¡ KivqvË Ki‡Z cv‡i11| wnRix 487 mv‡j myjZvb evivwKqviK
Avcb PvPv ZKm‡K mcyÎK cvwb‡Z Wywe‡q nZ¨v K‡i12| we‡eK- eyw× KZUv
†jvc †c‡Z cv‡i, Zvi cÖgvY GB †h, myjZv‡bi g„Zz¨ Dcw¯’Z n‡j 4
erm‡ii wkï cyÎ gvwjK kvn‡K wmsnvm‡bi DËivwaKvix wbhy³ K‡ib| A_P
Avcb fvB myjZvb gynv¤§` ZLb eZ©gvb wQ‡jb| ivRZ¡ wb‡q fvB‡qi m‡½
hy×I P‡j| wKš‘ fvB‡qi nv‡Z wZwb kvmb-fvi b¨¯— K‡ibwb| Kvh©Z: ZLb
Zvi fvB-B wQ‡jb KZ©…‡Z¡i AwaKvix| †mbvevwnbxI wQj Zvi KZ©…Z¡vaxb|
wKš‘ G †hvM¨ fvB‡K ev` w`‡q evM`v‡` wkï cy‡Îi bv‡g LyZev cvV Kiv
nq| AZtci myjZvb gynv¤§` AvMgb Ki‡j evM`v‡`i c~ev© ‡j wkï cy‡Îi
c‡¶ LyZev cvV Kiv nq Ges cwðgv‡j LyZev cvV Kiv nq myjZvb
gynv¤§‡`i mg_©‡b13|
mxgvnxb Avwg‡Z¡i Av‡iv `„óvš— Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq, hw`I Zv
gymjgvb‡`i‡K `yej © Zvi w`‡K PvwjZ K‡i Ges `ykgb‡`i‡K kw³kvjx K‡i
†Zv‡j| `v‡gk‡Ki AwacwZ gyCbyÏxb Avbi µ‡mWvi‡`i wei“‡× gy‡m‡ji
AwacwZ MvwR mvBdzÏx‡bi mnvqZv Kvgbv K‡i evZ©v †cÖiY Ki‡j Rvev‡e
wZwb e‡jb : Avwg we‡`ªv‡ni KiwQ| `v‡gkK Avgvi nv‡Z Ac©Y Ki, hv‡Z
Avwg wbivc‡` _vK‡Z cvwi| Avwg †Zvgvi Rb¨ kc_ evK¨ cvV Kie, hw`
mvnvh¨ Avgv‡`i c‡¶ nq| Avwg `v‡gk&K‡K AwaKvi Kie bv| †mLv‡b
Ae¯’vbI Kie bv| wKš‘ gyCbyÏxb Avbi wbwðZ n‡Z cv‡ibwb Ges Zv‡K
`v‡gk‡K cÖ‡e‡ki AbygwZI †`bbwb14| `ye©j Ae¯’vq †Kvb iK‡g wU‡K
_vKv‡KI wZwb GKRb gymjgvb ev`kv‡ni mnvqZv MÖnY Kiv †_‡K †kÖq
g‡b K‡ib|
wnj−vn A‡ji kvmbKZ©v `vexm Be‡b Qv`vKv Avj- Avmv`x †`‡k
†Mvj‡hvM m„wó Ki‡j AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Zv‡K Zje K‡ib| wZwb Lwjdvi
Zj‡e nvwRi bv n‡q cvk¦e© Z©x †ivg †`‡k cjvqb K‡ib| A_P GB †ivgKiv
10
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ 11, c„ôv 221|
11
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 9, c„ôv 239|
12
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 10, c„ôv 386|
13
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 10 c„ôv 239|
14
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 11, c„ôv 130|
25
nvje ivR¨ Ae‡iva K‡i †i‡LwQj| `vwem nvje Ae‡iv‡a Zv‡`i mnvqZv
K‡i| GB Avkvq †h, wZwb Zv‡`i wbKU †_‡K nvje AwaKvi Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb| wKš‘ Avj−vn i¶v K‡i‡Qb| Zviv G‡Z mdj n‡Z cv‡iwb15|
`vex‡mi Avkv c~iY nqwb| d‡j wZwb Lwjdvi f‡q †`k †_‡K †`kvš—‡i
Ny‡i †eovb|
nvj‡ei AwacwZ wi`Iqvb Be‡b ZvZvk Avcb `yÕfvB‡K nZ¨v K‡i
ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi mvnvh¨ MÖnY K‡i| Avi Gme wKQyB Kiv nq ivRZ¡
jv‡fi †jv‡f16| ivnv bMiwU `yÕRb Avwgi wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ fvM- ev‡Uvqviv
K‡i †bb| G `yÕRb Avwgi n‡”Qb Beby DZvBi Ges bvQi“` †`Šjv Be‡b
gviIqvb| Beby DZvBi †ivg mgªvU Avigvby‡mi m‡½ cÎ †hvMv‡hvM Kiv
Qvov Avi wKQyB Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| 20 nvRvi `xbv‡ii wewbg‡q †m Zvi Ask
†ivg mgªvU Avigvby‡mi wbKU weµq K‡i †`q| ZLb †ivgbiv bM‡i cÖ‡ek
K‡i Zvi KZ©Z … ¡ MÖnY K‡i, gymjgvb‡`i‡K wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i| Ggb wK
gmwR` ch©š— aŸsm K‡i17|
wnRix 426 mv‡ji NUbvejx m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q, Be‡b Iqvmmvi
†bvgvBix Avi‡ei eÏy‡`imn Ab¨‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq GK wek evwnbx mg‡eZ
K‡i ivnv AÂj †_‡K †ivgvb‡`i‡K weZvwoZ K‡ib| bQi Be‡b gviIqvb
bMixi D‡Ï‡k¨ ewnM©Z n‡q jyU-ZivR Avi aŸsmvZ¥K Kvh©Kjvc Pvq18|
G‡`i m¤ú‡K© Kwe Aveyj Avjv Avj gvAviix e‡jb :
.‫ﻓﻴﻨﻔﺬ أﻣﺮﻫﻢ وﻳﻘﺎل ﺳﺎﺳﻪ‬ : ‫ﻳﺴﻮﺳﻮن اﻷﻧﺎم ﺑﻐﲑ ﻋﻘﻞ‬
Ô†Kvb Ávb- eyw× QvovB Iiv RbM‡Yi Dci kvmb- KZ©…Z¡ Pvq| G‡`i
wb‡`©k Rvwi nq Ges ejv nq- GivB ivRbxwZwe`| Õ
Av›`vjym Z_v †¯ú‡bI G e¨vwa we¯—vi jvf K‡i| G wQj †hb GK
gnvgvix, hv A‡ji ci AÂj DRvo K‡i‡Q| 30 dimL AvqZb A‡ji
gvwjK †m‡R e‡m 4 Rb †jvK| Giv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wb‡R‡K Avgxi“j gywgbxb
e‡j `vwe K‡i| d‡j GUv GK Pig nvm¨Ki wel‡q cwiYZ nq19| K‡W©vfvi
wech©q Avi AivRKZvi w`b¸‡jv‡Z DgvBqv Be‡b Avãyi ingvb Be‡b
wnkvg Be‡b Avãyj ReŸvi Be‡b bv‡Qi D‡V `uvovq Ges cÖvPxi wWwO‡q ivR
15
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 10, c„ôv 610|
16
cÖv¸³, LÛ 10, c„ôv 449|
17
cÖv¸³, LÛ 9, c„ôv 413|
18
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 9, c„ôv 443|
19
ZvwiLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 9, c„ôv 282|
26
cÖvmv‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i mnvqZv Kvgbv Ki‡j K‡W©vfvi †Kvb GKRb Zv‡K e‡j:
Avgvi Avk¼v n‡”Q, G wech©‡q †Zvgvi Rxeb hv‡e| KviY, †mŠfvM¨
†Zvgv‡`i‡K Z¨vM K‡i‡Q| Rev‡e wZwb e‡jb, AvR Avgvi nv‡Z kc_ Ki|
Kvj Avgv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡e20| †Kvb GKRb †mjRyK kvmK µz‡mW nvgjv
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †Póv Pvjvb, wKš‘ wZwb †Kvb mvnvh¨ cvbwb| Z‡e Zv‡`i wd‡i
Avmvi c‡_ mgªvU gviw`b †cQb †_‡K nvgjv K‡i jyÉb K‡i21| wb‡Ri Mw`
nvivevi Avk¼vq dv‡Zgx DwRi ÔkvIiÕ µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½ gvLvgvwL K‡i
Ges Zv‡`i mvnvh¨- mnvqZv Kvgbv K‡i| GUv K‡i GRb¨ hv‡Z wgki
myjZvb byi“Ïxb gvngy‡`i nv‡Z P‡j bv hvq|
G‡nb Af¨š—ixY Ø›Ø- msNv‡Zi Kvi‡Y evB‡ii `ykgbiv †jvjyc `„wó
†d‡j| Zviv Avkcv‡ki A‡j cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z m¶g nq| ZLb Zv‡`i‡K
evav †`Iqvi †KD wQj bv| wnRix 351 mv‡ji NUbvejx m¤ú‡K© ejv
n‡q‡Q, †ivgvbiv ÔAvBb hvievÕ bM‡i PovI nq Ges Zv AwaKvi K‡i †bq|
†ivgvb evwnbxi AwabvqK Ô`vgv¯—vKÕ kn‡ii gymjgvb‡`i‡K GKUv gmwR‡`
mg‡eZ K‡i| hviv gmwR‡`i evwn‡i wQj Zv‡`i mKj‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
AZtci hviv gmwR‡` AvkÖq wb‡qwQj, Zv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k †`q †hw`‡K Lywk
m‡i co‡Z| ZLb Zviv w`K wew`K Ávbk~b¨ n‡q Gw`K- †mw`K Qy‡UvQywU
K‡i| Zviv Rv‡b bv †Kvb w`‡K †h‡Z n‡e| `vgv¯—vK ÔAvBb hvivevÕ bMix‡Z
GKzk w`b Ae¯’vb K‡i| Avkcv‡ki A‡bK `yM© †m AwaKvi K‡i †bq22|
GKB ermi †ivgvbiv nvje bMix AwaKvi K‡i †bq| mvBdz‡ÏŠjv
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †Kvb cÖ¯w‘ Z MÖnY K‡iwb| d‡j Zv‡`i wbKU civRq eiY Ki‡Z
nq| †ivgvbiv bMi AwaKvi K‡i wb‡q jyVZivR Avi nZ¨vKvÊ Pvq|
A‡bK‡K e›`x K‡i| wecyj cwigvY ab-m¤ú` jyU K‡i wb‡q hvq| Gme ab-
m¤ú‡`i g‡a¨ mvBdz‡ÏŠjvi m¤ú`I wQj| wQj Zvi A¯¿k¯¿ Ges Ab¨vb¨
ivR‡Kv‡li im` m¤¢viI23|
wnRix 353 mv‡j †ivgvbiv cybivq wd‡i Av‡m| Zviv ÔgynvBQvÕ bMi
Ae‡iva K‡i iv‡L| bMievmx‡K nZ¨v K‡i| bM‡ii evwo- Ni R¡vwj‡q
cywo‡q Zviv wd‡i hvq24|
20
ZvwiLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 9, c„ôv 283|
21
cÖv¸³, LÛ 10, c„ôv 485|
22
cÖv¸³, LÛ, 8 c„ôv 538|
23
Avj Kv‡gj, LÛ 8, c„ôv 540|
24
Avj Kv‡gj, LÛ 8, c„ôv 552|
27
wnRix 358 mv‡j †ivg mgªvU wmwiqvq cÖ‡ek K‡i| †KD Zv‡K evav
†`qwb| †KD Zvi m‡½ jovBI K‡iwb| †m w·cvjx ch©š— Qy‡U †eovq|
kni- e›`i R¡vwj‡q- cywo‡q †`q| AZtci †ngm bM‡i AvMgb K‡i|
DcmvMixq A‡j Mgb KiZ: jyVZivR Pvq| kn‡ii ci kni aŸsm K‡i|
ZLb nvje bMix‡Z mvBdz`‡`Šjvi †Mvg ÔKviDBqvÕ Ae¯’vb KiwQj| †m
†ivgvb‡`i m‡½ Pzw³e× nq25|
wnRix 539 mv‡j †ivgvbiv Avkcv‡ki wLª÷vb‡`i mnvqZvq Gš—vwKqv
kni AwaKvi K‡i †bq| Zviv kn‡ii evwm›`v‡`i g‡a¨ bvix, wkï Ges
e„ׇ`i‡K ewn®‹vi K‡i Ges hyeK Avi hyeZx‡`i‡K e›`xK‡i26|
G mgq cvk¦©eZ©x †`k¸‡jvi cÖwZwµqv Kx wQj? wKQyB bv| Zviv †Kvb
D”P evP¨B K‡iwb| †hgb eZ©gvb Avgv‡`i Ae¯’v, hLb BmivBj †h †Kvb
Avie †`‡k nvgjv Pv‡”Q, A_P Ab¨vb¨ Avie †`k¸‡jv wb‡R‡`i‡K wb‡q
e¨¯—| †MvUv gymwjg D¤§vn m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i †Kvb D‡ØM- DrKÉv †bB|
eZ©gv‡bi Ae¯’v Av‡iv Ki“b| gvwK©b hy³ivóª ev b¨v‡Uv †Kvb gymwjg †`k
AvµgY Ki‡j Ab¨vb¨ gymwjg †`k Zv‡`i mg_©b I mn‡hvwMZv K‡i| Avi
Kv‡di‡`i mn‡hvwMZv K‡i I Zv‡`i wbKU mnvqZv Kvgbv K‡i Bmjvgcš’x
I Bmjvwg Av‡›`vjb Kg©x‡`i `g‡bi Rb¨| AvR cÖvq mKj gymwjg
kvmK‡`i f~wgKv Ggwb| Zviv cvðv‡Z¨i Abymvix‡`i‡K †kÖô g‡b K‡i|
Zv‡`i AvbyM‡Z¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡i| g‡b K‡i mKj myL-kvwš— Avi m¤§vb
kw³ Av‡gwiKv ev cvðv‡Z¨i nv‡ZB| cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i m‡½ Zviv mg‡SvZv Avi
mnvqZv Ki‡Z e¨¯—| m¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z Zviv DrKwÉZ| Gme kvmKiv
wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ BwZnvm iPbv K‡i| wKš‘ Zv‡`i †m BwZnvm AÜKvi
BwZnvm| G BwZnvm Zv‡`i‡K gh©v`v †`q bv| gh©v`v †`q bv Zv‡`i‡KI,
hv‡`i m¤ú‡K© Zviv bxieZv Aej¤^b K‡i|
25
Gi A_©- †mB Zv‡`i‡K my‡hvM K‡i w`‡q‡Q Ges wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K Zv‡`i‡K wbivcËv `vb
K‡i‡Q|
26
A Kv‡gj, LÛ 8, c„ôv 603|
28
2. A_©‰bwZK wech©‡qi wKQy bgybv
†Kvb †`‡ki ˆbwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vq hLb Pig am †b‡g Av‡m,
ZLb †m Rbc‡`i gvby‡li g‡b m¤ú` cyÄxf~Z Kivi cÖew„ Ë m„wó nq, †R‡M
D‡V m¤ú` mÂq Kivi GK DMÖ evmbv| Avi G evmbv GK Pig iƒc aviY
K‡i| ïi“ n‡q hvq ivóªxq ab- fvÊvi †_‡K m¤ú` Avni‡Yi D¤§Z
cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Avi jyVcvU| m¤ú` AvniY Kivi †jvf Rv‡M mK‡ji| †hb Zv
GK AwZ †gvnwbq `yjf © e¯‘ Avi wK! gywó‡gq †jv‡Ki nv‡Z m¤ú` cyÄxf~Z
n‡q c‡o| Giv nvjvj-nviv‡gi avi av‡i bv| GgbwK BnKvj Avi ciKvjI
ey‡S bv| d‡j BnKv‡jI Zviv AwL`š‘ e¨_© nq| ¶wZMÖ¯— nq| Zv‡`i
gvwjKvbvq be-be ms‡hvRb N‡U; wKš‘ Zv‡`i evwK Rxeb AwZevwnZ nq
wbZvš— whj−Zx Avi msKxY©Zvi ga¨ w`‡q| g‡b GK ivk `ytL wb‡q Zv‡`i
cÖvY evqy wbe©vwcZ nq| ms‡¶‡c Avie Rvnvb ev Z…Zxq wek¦ bv‡g cwiwPZ
A‡j evievi G Kvwnwbi cybive„wË N‡U| GUv‡K ejv hvq †gvUv ZvRv
weov‡ji Kvwnwb| Giv RvwZi m¤ú` jyVcvU K‡i †`k‡K DRvo K‡i †Zv‡j,
†hb Zv gm„Y mgZj f~wg Avi wK! we‡eK Zv‡`i‡K wZi¯‹vi K‡i bv,
gvbexq Abyfw~ ZI bv| Z‡e c~em© w~ i‡`i †P‡q eZ©gvbKv‡ji ab Kz‡eiv wKQyUv
e¨wZµg| eZ©gvb Kv‡ji abvX¨ e¨w³iv mwÂZ A_© myBm Avi gvwK©b
e¨vsK¸‡jv‡Z cvPvi K‡i w`‡”Q|
gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv eyqvBnxi µxZ`vm Ges ZzwK© †`ni¶x myey³Mxb Gi
Rxe‡bwZnvm m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h, wZwb A‡Xj m¤ú` †i‡L gviv hvb| Zvi
cwiZ¨³ m¤ú‡`i g‡a¨ wQj j¶ j¶ `xbvi Ges gwY-gvwYK¨ fwZ© K‡qKUv
wm›`yK1| wgm‡i dv‡Zgx Lwjdv‡`i DwRi Avdh wQ‡jb Av‡g©bxq evwnbxi
†mbva¨‡¶i cyÎ| Zuvi cwiZ¨³ m¤ú` m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h, wZwb GK wecyj
cwigvY ¯^Y-© †iŠc¨, gwY-gvwYK¨, g~j¨evb †cvkvK- AvkvK, `vm-`vmx, Ak¦
Avi myMwÜ †Q‡o hvb, hvi mwVK cwigvY GKgvÎ Avj−vn Qvov Avi †KD
ej‡Z cvi‡e bv2|
Avqv`y‡ÏŠjv eyqvBnx GKUv evMvb wbg©vY Kivb, hv‡Z cvwb wm‡bi
LiPmn e¨vq Kiv nq 50 j¶ w`invg3
DwRi Bebyj dzivZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h, gnvg~j¨evb avZz wbwg©Z PvgP
Qvov wZwb Avnvh© MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv| DwRi Beby Kvjm Gi `vm `vmxi msL¨v
1 5
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb bwnvqvn| LÛ 11, c„ôv- 301|
2 6
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb bwnvqvn| LÛ 12, c„ôv- 202|
3 7
Avj-gvmD`x t gyiƒRyqhvnvi, LÛ 2, c„ôv 238|
29
wQj 4 nvRvi| Zuvi wbKU †hme gwY- gvwYK¨ cvIqv hvq, Zvi g~j¨ wQj 4
j¶ w`bvi| 4
HwZnvwmK Be‡b KvQxi wnRix 480 mv‡j myjZvb gvwjK kvn Gi
Kb¨vi weev‡n cÖ`Ë Dc‡XŠK‡bi eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q e‡jb : †m ermi gyniig
gv‡m myjZv‡bi Kb¨vi Dc‡XŠKb ivRavbx‡Z Avbv nq 130 wU D‡óªi c„‡ô
†evSvB K‡i| †iv‡gi gnvg~j¨evb Ô`xevRÕ e¯¿ Øviv D󪸇jv‡K mvRv‡bv nq|
Gme Dc‡XŠK‡bi †ewkifvM wQj ¯^Y-© †iŠc¨ wbwg©Z ˆZRmcÎ| GQvov 74
wU L”Pi‡K †`kxq ivRKxq †cvkvK cwi”Q` Øviv mw¾Z K‡i Zv‡`i c„‡ôI
enb K‡i Av‡iv Dc‡XŠKb mvgMÖx ivRavbx‡Z Avbv nq5
Gme weivU As‡Ki K_v kÖeY K‡i aviYv Rb¥v‡Z cv‡i †h, †`‡ki
gvby‡li Ae¯’v fv‡jv wQj| wKš‘ Avm‡j Zv bq| †`‡ki AwaKvsk gvbyl AwZ
K‡ó Rxeb KvUv‡Zv| K‡ii †evSv Zv‡`i Rxeb‡K `ywe©ln K‡i ZzjwQj|
Z`ycwi Zv‡`i Dci Pvwc‡q †`qv nq †mbvevwnbx| wnRix 331 mv‡ji
NUbvejx cÖm‡½ Rvbv hvq †h, ZLb `ªe¨g~j¨ GZUv e„w× cvq, hvi d‡j gvbyl
KzKiz †L‡Z eva¨ nq| cwiYv‡g †`‡k gnvgvwi †`Lv †`q|6
wnRix 361 mv‡ji NUbvejx cÖm‡½ Rvbv hvq †h, †`‡k cÖZviK †kÖwYi
D™¢e N‡U| Giv wech©q m„wó K‡i| RbM‡Yi ab- m¤ú` AcniY K‡i Ges
evwoNi R¡vwj‡q †`q| evwYR¨ †K›`ª Avj- KviL A‡j Av¸b R¡vwj‡q
QviLvi K‡i †`qv nq|7 wnRix 376 mv‡ji NUbvejx m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h,
ZLb Biv‡K cY¨ g~j¨ A¯^vfvweK e„w× †c‡j AwaKvsk †jvK †`k †Q‡o P‡j
hvq| wnRix 383, 397, 416, 420 Ges 424 mv‡jI `ªe¨g~j¨ A¯^vfvweK
e„w× cvq| G m‡½ cÖZviK †kÖwY Ges wech©q m„wóKvix‡`i msL¨vI †e‡o
hvq|
wnRix 448 mv‡jI Pzwi- WvKvwZ Avi jyU-Ziv‡Ri f‡q iv¯—vNvU
Rbgvbek~b¨ n‡q c‡o| d‡j cY¨-g~j¨ A¯^vfvweK e„w× cvq| gvbyl g„Z Rš‘
f¶Y Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| G my‡hv‡M e¨emvqxiv wbZ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨ mvgMÖx
¸`vg RvbZ K‡i Ges msKUKv‡j Zv weµ‡qi Rb¨ evRv‡i Qv‡o| G mgq
Kvq‡ivq R‰bK e¨w³ gvÎ 20 †KwR AvUvi wewbg‡q GKUv M„n µq K‡i|
A_P BwZc~‡e© M„nwU µq Kiv nq 9kZ `xbvi g~‡j¨| Avi GKUv wWg wewµ
4
IqvwKq¨vZzj AvÕqvg, LÛ 7, c„ôv 33|
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ 12, c„ôv 141|
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ 6, c„ôv 219|
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ-8, c„ôv 619|
30
n‡Zv 1 `xbvi g~‡j¨|8 abx Avi AwfRvZ †kÖwYi we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ Avg
`vbxi eni e„w× cvq| wgk‡ii Ab¨Zg cÖavb e¨emvqx Avd&dvb Be‡b
myjvqgv‡bi g„Z¨z n‡j kvmK AvLkx` Zvi cwiZ¨³ m¤ú` †_‡K 4 j¶
`xbvi MÖnY K‡ib| ZLb gvby‡li gy‡L gy‡L GKUv cÖev` evK¨ cÖPwjZ nq ;
‫ﻣﻦ ﻫﻠﻚ ﻓﻠﺴﻴﻒ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻠﻚ ـ‬
Ô†KD gviv †M‡j Zvi cwiZ¨³ m¤ú` mvBdz‡ÏŠjv Z_v kvmK †Mvôxi
Rb¨|Õ9
G mgq kvmK †kÖwYi †mbvevwnbxi †jv‡Kiv RbM‡Yi m¤ú` wb‡q
wQwbwgwb †L‡j wech©q m„wó K‡i| Giv MÖv‡gi K…lK‡`i Dci wbh©vZb
Pvjv‡Zv| Zv‡`i km¨ jyU K‡i wb‡q †h‡Zv, wKš‘ evav †`qvi mvnm Kv‡iv
n‡Zv bv| G mgq DwRi gynvj−vexi Rb¨ wZb w`‡b 1 nvRvi `xbv‡ii dzj µq
Kiv nq| Zvi gRwj‡m Gme dzj wQUv‡bv nq Ges GUv‡K gnv Kj¨vYKi I
cy‡Y¨i KvR e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|10
GB wQj kvmK †kÖwY DwRi Avi Igiv‡`i Ae¯’v| G mgq Avgiv
†`L‡Z cvB †h, gv‡jKx gvhnv‡ei wewkó dKxn KvwR Avãyj Iqvnnve
ZvMjvex evM`v‡`i Rb¨ `ytL K‡i evM`v` †Q‡j P‡j hvb| Zuv‡K we`vq
†`Iqvi Rb¨ hviv mg‡eZ nq, Zv‡`i‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i wZwb e‡jb : kK
mܨv `ywU i“wUI hw` RyU‡Zv Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i kn‡ii mgK¶ Avwg Ab¨
†Kvb kni‡K we‡ePbv KiZvg bv| G m¤ú‡K© wZwb GKUv KweZv iPbv
K‡ib| Zv‡Z e‡jb : 11
‫وﺣﻖ ﳍﺎ ﻣﻨﻰ ﺳﻼم ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ‬ ‫ﺳﻼم ﻋﲆ ﺑﻐﺪاد ﰱ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻮﻃﻦ‬
‫وأﻧﻰ ﺑﺸﻄﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﺎرف‬
.‫وﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ اﻷرزاق ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﻒ‬
mvjvg evM`v` bMix‡K mKj †`k †_‡K|
Avgvi Kv‡Q Zvi Av‡iv AwZwi³ mvjvg cvIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|
†Lv`vi kc_, Avwg Zv‡K Rvwb bv weavq Z¨vM KiwQ bv|
Zvi `yÔZxi m¤ú‡K© Avwg fv‡jv K‡iB Rvwb|
8
Beby ZvMix eyi`x; Avb byRygyh hvwnivn, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 17|
9
`ynvj Bmjvg, LÛ- 2, c„ôv-9|
10
cÖv¸³, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 104|
11
Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvÕBqvb, LÛ- 3, c„ôv- 220|
wKš‘ Zv Av`‡cB Avgvi cÖwZ msKxY© n‡q D‡V‡Q|
†mLv‡b RxweKv †gv‡UB mnRjf¨ bq|
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb : 12
‫وﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎﻟﻴﺲ دار اﻟﻀﻨﻚ واﻟﻀﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺪاد دارﻻﻫﻞ اﳌﺎل ﻃﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﻨﻰ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﰱ ﺑﻴﺖ زﻧﺪق‬ ّ ‫ﺣﲑان أﻣﺸﻰ ﰱ‬
‫ازﻗﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬ َ ‫ﻇﻠﻠﺖ‬
abx‡`i Rb¨ evM`v` PgrKvi evm¯’vb|
Avi Mwie- wbt¯^‡`i Rb¨ msKxY©Zvi ¯’vb|
Zvi Awj‡Z- Mwj‡Z Avwg †Nviv‡div K‡iwQ, we¯§qvweó n‡q,
†hb Avwg bvw¯—‡Ki N‡i KziAvb kixd|
Zuvi m¤ú‡K© Be‡b evmvg ÔhvLxivÕ MÖ‡š’ e‡jb :
Aewkó gvbyl wQj †hb, aviYv- Kíbvi Abymvix‡`i wkKvi| Aviwe
mvwn‡Z¨i KxwZ©gvb cyi“l e¨w³Z¡ cwÊZ Avey Avjxi Ae¯’v †kvPbxq n‡q
`uvov‡j wZwb e¨w³MZ cvVvMv‡ii g~j¨evb MÖš’ ivwR weµq Ki‡Z eva¨ nb|
wZwb wm×vš— †bb †h, Gme eB- cy¯—K weµq K‡i wZwb Av›`yjywmqv Z_v
†¯ú‡b P‡j hv‡eb| Gme MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ ÔRvgnvivÕ MÖ‡š’i GKwU KwcI wQj|
eBwU weµq Ki‡Z Zvi †ek Kó nw”Qj| kixd gyi-ZvRv bv‡g R‰bK
weL¨vZ e¨w³ eBwU µq K‡ib| eBwU‡Z Avey Ai wb‡Ri nv‡Z bx‡Pi
KweZvwU †jLv wQj :
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻃﺎل وﺟﺪى ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ وﺣﻨﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫أﻧﺴﺖ ﲠﺎ ﻋﴩﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﻻ وﺑﻌﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫وﻟﻮ ﺧﻠﺪﺗﻨﻰ ﰱ اﻟﺴﺠﻮن دﻳﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻇﻨﻰ أﻧﻨﻰ ﺳﺄﺑﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻗﲆ ﳍﺎ‬
ً ‫ﻓﻮاﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺎرﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﺎر ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﻞ ﺟﻔﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻀﻌﻒ اﻓﺘﻔﺎر وﺻﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﲆ ﺑﺄﴎﻫﺎ‬
ّ ‫وﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺿﺎﻗﺖ‬ -`xN© KzwoUv ermi Zvi m‡½ KvwU‡q GLb Zv weµq Ki‡Z n‡”Q
Zvi m‡½ Avgvi wQj `xN© fv‡jvevmv, Avi Zvic‡i Kvbœv,
Zv weµq Ki‡Z n‡e Ggb aviYv Avgvi wQj bv KL‡bv,
hw`I FY Avgv‡K mvivRxeb KvivMv‡i e›`x K‡i iv‡L|
wKš‘ `ye©jZv, `wi`ª Avi wkï‡`i Kvi‡Y
Zz”Q Zv‡`i Kv‡Q, ¶zYœ Avgvi gvb!
AZxZ Avi eZ©gv‡bi g‡a¨ G wg‡ji Rb¨ gvbyl AevK n‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘
†mLv‡bI GKUv ¯úó cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| Avi Zv GB †h, AZx‡Zi †Kvb
12
Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvBqvb, LÛ- 3, c„ôv-220|
31 32
†Kvb kvmK m‡Z¨i w`‡K wd‡i Avm‡Zv| hLb Zv‡`i‡K ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`qv
n‡Zv, hLb Dc‡`k †`qv n‡Zv| Avi GLb? Dc‡`k Avi cÖPvi Zv‡`i
†KvbB Kv‡R Av‡m bv, †KvbB Kj¨vY e‡q Av‡b bv| BwZnvm MÖš’ ÔAvj
we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvÕq ejv n‡q‡Q; GK ïµevi cÖwm× Iqv‡qh Bebyj
Bev`x gRwj‡m e‡m K_v ejwQ‡jb| †mjRyK ev`kvn myjZvb gvmE`I †m
gRwj‡m Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| wZwb RbM‡Yi µq- weµ‡q Ab¨vqfv‡e Ki
Av‡ivc K‡ib| ZLb Bebyj Bev`x ej‡jb, †n myjZvb, Avcwb Lywk n‡q
MvwqKv‡`i Ki n«vm K‡ib, Zv‡`i K‡ii cwigvY gymjgvb RbM‡Yi Dci
Av‡ivwcZ K‡ii †P‡q Kg| Avcwb Avgv‡K GKRb MvwqKv `vb Ki“b, hvi
cÖwZ Avcwb mš‘ó, Avi Avcbvi cÖwZ Avj−vni wbqvg‡Zi ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc G
Ki n«vm Ki“b| myjZvb nv‡Zi Bw½‡Z ej‡jb nu¨v Avwg Zv Kie| RbMY
wPrKvi K‡i Zuvi Rb¨ †`vqv K‡i| 13
G NUbv wK Avgv‡`i‡K †m K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q bv †h, AvRKvj
kvmK †kÖwY MvqK-MvwqKv‡`i cÖwZ †Kgb K…cv-e„wó el©Y Ki‡Q| Avi GUv
Ki‡Q Ab¨vqfv‡e RbM‡Yi m¤ú` f¶Y Kivi Rb¨| AZtci G m¤ú` P‡j
hv‡e Avj−vni `ykgb‡`i nv‡Z| A_P Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q †h, RbMY AwZ
K‡ó w`b ¸Rivb Ki‡Q|
A_©‰bwZK wech©q Pi‡g †cuŠ‡Q, hLb ivóª Rvgvb‡Zi weavb cÖeZ©b K‡i|
Avi Zv n‡”Q †Kvb e¨w³‡K †Kvb kni ev AÂj †_‡K wba©vwiZ cwigvY U¨v·
Av`vq K‡i miKv‡ii wbKU AwMÖg Rgv †`‡e| Gfv‡e mwÂZ Avi
cwi‡kvwaZ U¨v‡·i g‡a¨ GKUv e¨eavb _v‡K| Rwg`vi e¨w³ U¨v· msMÖ‡ni
`vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM Øviv| Avevi KL‡bv KL‡bv ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM
QvovB G KvR Ki‡e| Av`vqK…Z U¨v‡·i hveZxq wnmvecÎ ivLv nq
miKv‡ii cÖYxZ bxwZgvjv Abyhvqx| Aek¨ GUv ¯^vfvweK †h, Gme †¶‡Î
Rvwgb`vi e¨w³ AvcÖvY †Póv K‡i, K…lK‡`i wbKU †_‡K m¤¢ve¨ m‡e©v”P
cwigvY U¨v· Av`vq Kivi| GRb¨ hw` †cvovgvwU bxwZ MÖnY Ki‡Z nq
ZeyI Zv Ki‡e| Zv hw` K…lK RbZvi mva¨vZxZ nq, ZeyI Ki‡e| Gfv‡e
†m Av`vq Ki‡e m‡e©v”P cwigvY, wKš‘ miKv‡ii wbKU Rgv †`‡e m¤¢ve¨
me©wbæ cwigvY| d‡j mswk−ó e¨w³i jvf eû¸Y e„w× cvq| HwZnvwmK
Bebyj Avmxi cÖYxZ ÔZvixLyj KvwgjÕ MÖ‡š’ Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB; Avey Avjx
Be‡b dvRj `yÕj¶ `xbv‡ii wewbg‡q Iqv‡mZ A‡ji `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib
13
`ynvj Bmjvg, LÛ- 1, c„ôv-118|
33
Avi Avey mvC` mveyi Bebyj gyRvd&di `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib emiv A‡ji|14
eyqvBnx kvmKiv †mbvevwnbxi Rb¨ RvqMxi`vix cÖ_vi cÖeZ©b Ki‡j e¨vcviUv
Av‡iv Pi‡g †cuŠ‡Q| Zviv mvgwiK evwnbxi †jvKRb‡K ivóªxq †KvlvMvi
†_‡K †eZb- fvZv bv w`‡q f~wg `vb K‡ib| †mbvevwnbxi †jv‡Kiv GUv‡K
Zv‡`i †mevi wewbg‡qi †P‡q †ewk g‡b Kij| Avi GUv ¯^vfvweK †h,
†mbvevwnbxi †jv‡Kiv Pvlvev‡` cÖe„Ë n‡e bv| eis Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Pvlvev`
Kivi †jvK _vK‡e| f~wgi Drcvw`Z dm‡j Giv mš‘ó bv n‡j kw³ cÖ‡qv‡M
f~wg Ab¨iv `Lj K‡i †b‡e| d‡j Amnvq K…lK Zvi f~wg nviv‡Z eva¨ n‡e|
Avi Pvlv-ev`-†hvM¨ f~wg, cwZZ f~wg‡Z cwiYZ n‡e| †KD f~wg‡Z †Kvb
KvR Ki‡e bv| hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z Drcv`b gvivZ¥Kfv‡e n«vm cv‡e|15 Zviv
Av‡iv GKwU KzrwmZ wbqg cÖeZ©b K‡i|
G wbqgI cÖewZ©Z nq eyqvBnx kvm‡Ki kvmbvg‡j| wnRix 350 mv‡j
Aveyj AveŸvm Be‡b Avãyj−vn Be‡b Aveyj kvIqvwie evwl©K `yÕ j¶
w`inv‡gi wewbg‡q KvwR ev wePvicwZi c` MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb cÖ_g e¨w³
whwb A‡_©i wewbg‡q wePvi‡Ki `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib| BwZc~‡e© Ggb wbqg wQj
bv| wKš‘ AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Avj-gyZx wjj−vn G wbqg †g‡b wb‡Z cv‡ibwb|
d‡j wZwb GB KvwR‡K wePvivj‡q cÖ‡e‡ki AbygwZ †`bwb| GB KvwR hLb
Rvgvb‡Zi Øvi Db¥y³ K‡ib, ZLb evM`v‡` wnmve wefvM Ges cywjk
wefv‡MI G wbqg cÖewZ©Z nq|16 Avi Gme n‡”Q mvgvwRK weK…wZ Ges
iv‡óªi `ye©jZvi Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY| HwZnvwmK Be‡b Lj`y‡bi wbKU G
welqwUi fqvenZv ¯úó wQj| ZvB‡Zv wZwb Avj-gyKvwÏgvq e‡jb : Rvbv
DwPZ †h, RbM‡Yi Dci A_©‰bwZK †kvlY- wbh©vZb Pvjv‡bv n‡j Zv‡`i
m¤ú` DcvR©‡bi ¯ú„nv bm¨vr n‡q hvq| Avi hLb Zv‡`i ¯ú„nv bm¨vr n‡q
hvq, ZLb RbMY A_©Kix Kg©Kv‡Ê kÖgwegyL n‡q c‡o ZLbB evRv‡i g›`v
†`Lv †`q| †`‡ki evwm›`viv n‡q D‡V Kg©wegyL Ges DRvo n‡q hvq bMi-
e›`i Avi Rbc`|17 ¸i“Z¡cY~ © G wel‡q Be‡b Lj`~b Av‡iv e‡jb : †Kvb
wewbgq e¨wZ‡i‡K m¤ú‡`i gvwj‡Ki nvZ †_‡K m¤ú` wb‡q †bqv ev †Kvb
KviY Qvov Kv‡iv m¤ú` n¯—MZ Kiv Ryjyg e‡j †h K_vUv cÖPwjZ Av‡Q,
†Kej Zv‡KB Ryjgy - †kvlY e‡j g‡b Ki‡e bv, eis Ryjgy Av‡iv e¨vcK A_©
14
15
Avj- Kv‡gj, LÛ- 10, c„ôv-8|
mvgiwiK cÎ A BRwZnv` cÖ_g msL¨v `ªóe¨| ˆei“Z †_‡K cÖKvwkZ GB mvgwqK c‡Î eyqvBwn
kvmK‡`i kvmbvg‡j †mbvevwnbx‡K RvqMxi `vb m¤ú‡K© `xN© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
16
Avj- Kv‡gj, LÛ-8, c„ôv-536|
17
Avj gyKvwÏgv, LÛ-2, c„ôv-741|
34
ÁvcK| †Kvb AwaKvi Qvov hviv m¤ú` AvniY K‡i Zviv Rvwjg| hviv
m¤ú‡` Ab¨vq n¯—‡¶c K‡i, Zviv Rvwjg Ges hviv gvby‡li b¨vh¨ AwaKvi
†_‡K Zv‡`i‡K ewÂZ K‡i, ZvivI Rvwjg| gvwjKvbv niYKvixivI
mvaviYZ: Rvwjg| Avi Gme wKQyi Lvivc cÖwZwµqv c‡o iv‡óªi Dci
mvgvwRK weK…wZi AvKv‡i|18 wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, †hb wZwb eZ©gvb Kv‡ji
ev¯—e Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© K_v ej‡Qb : mgvR Avi iv‡óªi weK…wZi †¶‡Î Gi
†P‡qI eo Ryjgy n‡”Q RbM‡Yi nv‡Z hv Av‡Q, me †P‡q Zz”Q g~‡j¨ Zv‡`i
wbKU †_‡K †mme µq Kiv| AZtci AwZ Pov g~‡j¨ Zv‡`i Dci g~jab
Pvcv‡bv †Rvi- Rei`w¯— K‡i wQbZvB‡qi AvKv‡i|19
†hme ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Kvi‡Y ivóª RbM‡Yi m¤ú` AvniY K‡i, Zvi m~² ZË¡
we‡k−lY K‡i mgvR ZvwË¡K Be‡b Lj`~b e‡jb : Rvbv DwPZ †h, Gm‡ei
GKgvÎ KviY n‡”Q ivóª Avi kvmb- KZ©…c‡¶i †ewk †ewk m¤ú` AvniY
Kivi †jvf| Gi d‡j Zv‡`i mvg‡b wejv‡mi Øvi Db¥y³ nq| d‡j Zv‡`i
e¨q e„w× cvq| GUv †iva Kivi Rb¨ cÖPwjZ AvBb h‡_ó bq| d‡j Zviv Ki
Av‡iv‡ci cwiwa Av‡iv m¤úÖmvwiZ K‡i| Gi d‡j Aek¨¤¢vexiƒ‡c wejvm
Avi †RŠjym e„w× cvq, e„w× cvq Ki Avi U¨v‡·i eniI| RbM‡Yi m¤ú‡`i
cÖwZ cÖ‡qvRb GgbB Zxeª n‡q †`Lv †`q, hvi d‡j m¤ú` m‡qi mxgv
wbwðý n‡q hvq, `~i n‡q hvq Zvi wbqg-bxwZI|20
18
Avj gyKvwÏgv, LÛ-2, c„ôv-743|
19
Avj-gyKvwÏgv, LÛ-2 c„ôv- 746| Avi‡ei mgvRZvwš¿K †`k¸‡jv RbM‡Yi wbKU †_‡K me©
wbgœg‡~ j¨ Mg, Zzjv dj BZ¨vw` cY¨ µq KiZt cybivq Zv‡`i ev Ab¨ iv‡óªi wbKU D”P g~‡j¨ weµq
K‡i| Gfv‡eB Zviv ˆe‡`wkK gy`vª AR©b K‡i| Gfv‡e K‡Vvi kªg Av`vq Ki‡Z Zviv m¶g n‡e|
d‡j Mg Avi Zzjvi Drcv`b n«vm cvq| Be‡b Lvj`~‡bi G Z‡Ë¡i Av‡jv‡K Avie mgvRZvwš¿K
†`k¸‡jvi Kg©KvÛ g~j¨vqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
20
Avj-gyKvwÏgv, LÛ-2, c„ôv 748|
35
3. Av‡jg mgvR I ivRbxwZ
ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’iZv, A_©‰bwZK g›`v Avi iv‡dRx m¤úÖ`v‡qi D™¢‡ei
cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨I Avnjym mybvœ ni Av‡jg mgvR Bj‡gi cÖPvi- cÖmvi Avi
Qv·`i `x¶v `v‡b AUj- AwePj wQ‡jb| nvw`m, wdKvn Ges Awfavb
wel‡qi Drmvnx Qv·`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ZLbKvi w`‡b gmwR`¸‡jv cwic~Y©
_vK‡Zv| ZLb wPwKrmv weÁvb, KvwiMwi Ávb Avi †R¨vwZwe©`¨v Pig DrKl©
jvf K‡i| Gfv‡e mwVK avivq Áv‡bi jb nq| Zv wU‡K _v‡K my›`ifv‡e|
†K‡U hvq kZvãxi ci kZvãx| cÖwZcvwjZ nq Awc©Z `vwqZ¡| MVb Kiv nq
Rbmvavi‡Yi gb-gvbwmKZv Avi Le© Kiv nq kvmK †kÖwYi `¤¢- AnwgKv|1
Avm‡j ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ Avi eyw×e„wË Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ weivU cv_©K¨
i‡q‡Q| G hy‡M Avgiv †hgb Av‡jg mgv‡Ri cÖvPzh© cÖZ¨¶ Kwi, †Zgwb
cÖZ¨¶ Kwi Drcv`b †¶‡ÎI cÖvPzh|© e¨vcviUv wK ¯^vfvweK, bv-wK
ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’iZv Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †Kvb cÖfve †d‡j bv?
Avm‡j wKš‘ ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’iZv- `yej © Zv Ávb PP©vi †¶‡Î cÖfve
†d‡j| Z‡e †mLv‡b Áv‡bi PP©v Ae¨vnZ _vKvi †¶‡Î wKQy KviY KvR
K‡i‡Q| †mme Kvi‡Yi Ab¨Zg n‡”Q :
1. Z`vbxš—b Kv‡j gymwjg †`k¸‡jvi mxgvš— GjvKv wQj Db¥y³| d‡j
Av‡jg mgvR GK AÂj †_‡K Ab¨ A‡j MgbvMgb Ki‡Zb| Zuviv
wb‡RivI DcK…Z n‡Zb Avi Ab¨‡`iI DcKvi mvab Ki‡Zb| †Kvb †`‡k
Mgb- wbM©g‡bi Rb¨ wfmvi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb n‡Zv bv| ZLb Zuv‡`i wbKU
†MvUv wek¦ `yÕfv‡M wef³ wQj : `vi“j Bmjvg Avi `vi“j nvie| A_P †`k
wQj A‡bK Avi wfbœ wfbœ|
2. Gme ¶z`ª ¶z`ª ivóª Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki m‡½ L¨vwZ Avi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi Rb¨
DrmyK wQj| mKj †`‡ki kvmK- myjZvb AvMÖnx wQ‡jb †h, Zuvi ivR
`iev‡i †ewk †ewk Av‡jg, mvwnwZ¨K ev wPwKrm‡Ki mgv‡ek NUzK,
hv‡`i‡K wb‡q Zviv Me© Ki‡Z cv‡ib| hw`I AwaKvsk dKxn Avi gynvwÏm
†Kvb iKg fq- fxwZ Avi †jvf jvjmv ev Kv‡iv Drmvn QvovB wb‡Riv Ávb
we¯—vi Ki‡Zb| GRb¨ Zviv Kv‡iv mnvqZvi A‡c¶vq _vK‡Zb bv|
3. kvmK†kÖYx Av‡jg mgv‡Ri †cQ‡b jvM‡Zb bv| Zviv Zv‡`i‡K
wbR wbR Ae¯’vq †Q‡o w`‡Zb| Av‡jg mgv‡Ri c¶ †_‡K kvmK †kÖwYi
Rb¨ †Kvb iKg k¼v ev ûgwK wQj bv| d‡j Zuviv Av‡jg mgvR‡K Zuv‡`i
1
gynv¤§` Avj- Mvhx t Avgiv wKfv‡e Bmjvg eySv‡ev, c„ôv- 104|
36
Ae¯’vq †Q‡o w`‡Zb| eis †Kvb †Kvb ZzwK© †mbva¨¶ Av‡jg mgvR‡K kÖ×v Ges mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K Mvjg›` †`qv ïi“ n‡j wZwb evM`v` †_‡K
Ki‡Zb| hw`I AKvi‡Y i³cvZ Ki‡Z Zviv fq Ki‡Zb bv| wnRiZ K‡i Ab¨Î Mgb K‡ib|3
Gme wKQyi †P‡q ¸i“Z¡cY~ © wQj GB †h, Gme gnvb Av‡jg‡`i Øviv • gnvb nvwdR mgv‡jvPbv wel‡q ÔAvj-KvwgjÕ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv Ave~ Avng`
Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zvi `x‡bi †ndvRZ K‡ib| Gme gnvb Av‡jg‡`i m¤ú‡K© Be‡b Av`x|
bgybv ¯^iƒc Avgiv wKQy Av‡jvPbv Kie| Ávb we¯—v‡i Avj−vn ZvAvi mš‘wó • Ave~ Avãyj−vn Av- nv‡Kg bxkvcyix|
AR©b Qvov Zuv‡`i Ab¨ †Kvb j¶¨ ev D‡Ïk¨ wQj bv| • kv‡dwq gvhnv‡ei gnvb dKxn Ave~ nv‡g` Avj- BmdvivBbx|
• Bgvgyj nviv-gvB‡bi wcZv, wdKvn, Emyj Ges mvwnZ¨ wel‡qi Bgvg
wnRix PZz_© kZ‡Ki K‡qKRb eo eo Av‡jg -
Avey gynv¤§` Avj RyqvBbx|
• Be‡b Lyhvqgv gynv¤§` Be‡b BmnvK|
• Beby myivBR kv‡dwq|
• kviûm mybvœ n MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv ûmvBb Be‡b gvmD` Avj- dviiv Avj-
• gv‡jKx gvRnv‡ei Bebyj nvÏv` Avj- gvM‡iex| wZwb DevB`x
evMvex| (g„Z¨z 516 wnRix)
m¤úÖ`v‡qi m‡½ gybvhviv K‡ib| Zv‡`i cÖZv‡c fxZ nbwb|
• dKxn Avey eKi Bebyj gybwhi|
• ivóª kvmb I ivR¨ cwiPvjbv wel‡q weL¨vZ MÖš’ Avj- AvnKvgym
• HwZnvwmK Be‡b Rvwii Zvevix| myjZvwbqv MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv Aveyj nvmvb Avj gvIqv`©x| wdKvn wel‡q Zuvi
Avj- nvex MÖšI’ cÖwm×|
G hy‡Mi K‡qKRb gkûi Av‡jg -
• Bj‡g nv`x‡m hy‡Mi Bgvg nv‡dR `v‡i KzZbx|
• nv`x‡m i gkûi wKZve mybv‡b Avey `vE‡`i evL¨v`vZv Avey myjvBgvb
• KvwR Avjx Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh Avj- RyiRvbx|
Avj- LvËvex Avj- ey¯x— (g„Z¨z 349 wn:)|
• AvkAvix gvRnv‡ei kxl©¯’vbxq gyZvKvwj−g KvwR Avey eKi Avj-
• cÖL¨vZ nvwdR I gyRZvwn` ÔAv-AvbIqv IqvZ ZvKvmxgÕ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv
ZvwKj−vbx|
Be‡b nveŸvb Avj- ey¯x— (g„Z¨z 354 wn:)|
• nv¤^jx gRnv‡ei Ab¨Zg cÖavb Av‡jg Be‡b evËv bv‡g cwiwPZ
• cÖL¨vZ Zvdmxiwe` gnvb nvwdR ÔAvj- Rviû IqvZ ZvÕ`xjÕ MÖ‡š’i
Avãyj−vn Be‡b gynv¤§` Avj- AvKevix| fv‡jv Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k Avi g›`
iPwqZv Avãyi ingvb Be‡b nvwZg Aviivhx (g„Z¨z 327 wnRix)|
Kv‡R wb‡l‡a wZwb wQ‡jb L¨vZ|
• nv¤^jx gRnv‡ei eo dKxn, Av‡jg, hvwn` Ges Iqv‡qh Ave~ gynv¤§`
• Zvwi‡L evM`v` MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv HwZnvwmK LwZe evM`v`x|
Avj-evievnvix| we`AvZcš’x Avi cvcvPv‡ii Abymvix‡`i wei“‡× wZwb
wQ‡jb K‡Vvi|2 • nvw`m kv‡¯¿i L¨vZbvgv e¨w³Z¡ Bgvg evqnvKx|
• Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^‡ji gRnv‡e wdKv‡ni wKZve ÔAvj-gyLZvQviÕ
MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv Igi Be‡b ûmvBb Avj-LviKx| wZwb wQ‡jb wdKvn
kv‡¯¿i Ab¨Zg kxl©¯v’ bxq e¨w³Z¡| evM`v‡` Ab¨vq AbvPvi e„w× †c‡j

2
Kviv‡gZv †dK©v Ges iv¯—vq nvRx‡`i Dci Zv‡`i nvgjv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †c‡i wZwb e‡jb t †n
RvwZ, Lwjdvi hw` j¶ j¶ UvKv Øviv mnvqZv Kiv `iKvi nq, Z‡e Avwg Zv Ki‡Z cÖ¯Z ‘ |
3
(K_vUv wZwb cuvPevi e‡jb| wKš‘ iv‡óªi †m ¶gZv wQj bv|) Be‡b Kvmxi t Av- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11, 228|
37 38
mvwnZ¨ I Awfavb wel‡q cwÊZ‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb- G Avqv‡Z Av‡jg mgvRB D‡Ïk¨| gydvmwmiMb e‡jb : Djyj Avgi
• KziAvb gRx‡`i Awfavb MÖš’ ÔgvÔAvwbj KziAvbÕ Gi cÖ‡YZv A_© Av‡jg mgvR Ges kvmK †kÖwY| Z‡e †Kvb wec`vc‡` Zuv‡`i wbKU
AvhhyRvR| wd‡i Avmvi wk¶v Zuviv †Kb RbMY‡K †`b bv|
• Avey mvC` Avj- mvqivdx| hw`I wKQy wKQy Av‡jg Dc‡`k Avi fv‡jv Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k Ges g›`
• Beby LyIqvBn| Kv‡R wb‡l‡ai †¶‡Î BwZevPK f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| wKš‘ wecyj msL¨K
Av‡j‡gi Zzjbvq Zv‡`i msL¨v Kg| Av‡jg mgv‡Ri Ae¯’v eY©bv cÖm‡½
• Avey Avjx Avj- Kvj|
kvqL ikx` †iRv e‡jb . AveŸvmxq kvmK‡`i kvmbvg‡j †K›`ªxq kvmb
cÖL¨vZ Kwe I mvwnwZ¨K‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb-
e¨e¯’v my`p„ nq| Avi Djvgv‡q `xb Zv Ae¨vnZ iv‡Lb| A_P eby
Kwe Avj gyZvbveŸx, Bebyj Avgx`, Qv‡ne Be‡b AveŸv` Ges Avey
DgvBqv‡`i kvmbvgj Ges AveŸvmxq‡`i kvmbvg‡ji cÖ_g w`K ch©š— AZxZ
BmnvK AvQ-Qvex|
Kv‡ji Av‡jg mgvR kvmK †kÖwY‡K Pigfv‡e cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡Zb|4
AsK I wPwKrmv kv‡¯¿ cÖwm× e¨w³Z¡-
wKQy wKQy Av‡jg Avi Qv·`i e³e¨ wQj GiKg : ¶gZv‡K †K›`ª K‡i
• Avj-wei“bx| AsK kv‡¯¿ Bwb wQ‡jb L¨vZbvgv e¨w³Z¡| ivR‰bwZK Ø›Ø-msNvZ, wec−e, ivR‰bwZK Kv`v †Quvov Quywo Avi †drbv-
• wPwKrmv weÁvbx ivwR| dvmv‡` Rov‡bv †_‡K Avgiv `~‡i _vwK| Bmjvg‡K fv‡jvev‡m Ggb RvwZi
• AsK kv‡¯¿i wewkó e¨w³Z¡ Aveyj Iqvdv Avj- eyhRvbx| jvjb Avi Ávb we¯—v‡i Avgiv wb‡qvwRZ _vwK hv‡Z Ávb wbwðý n‡q bv
• Bebyj evBZvi| MÖn- b¶‡Îi ch©‡e¶Y welq Zuvi †ek `¶Zv hvq| m‡›`n †bB †h, GUv GKUv gnvb j¶¨| GUv †h weivU KvR Zv‡ZI
wQj| wZwb wQ‡jb b¶Î c~Rvwi| c‡i Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib e‡j †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| G Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ n‡Z nq wbweó g‡b| wKš‘ †h RvwZUvi
Kw_Z Av‡Q| GUv n‡”Q Av‡jg‡`i `xN© ZvwjKvi ga¨ †_‡K GKUv jvjb Kiv n‡”Q, weK…wZi ms‡kvab Avi D¤§vi †bZ…‡Z¡i †¶‡Î, Zv‡`i‡Zv
gvÎ bMY¨ Ask| GKUv BwZevPK f~wgKv _vK‡Z n‡e|
BwZnvm Avi Rxebx MÖš’ Aa¨qb Ki‡j Rvbv hv‡e †h, gymwjg we‡k¦i AwaKvsk we`¨v_©x †m msKxY© Ae¯’vq wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q| A_ev kvmK
w`‡K w`‡K nvRvi nvRvi Av‡jg- Djvgv Qwo‡q wQ‡jb| Zuviv Aa¨qb Avi †kÖwYi c¶ †_‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ †h QK Gu‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q, Zv nq‡Zv Zv‡`i
Aa¨vcbvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ _vK‡Zb| m‡›`n †bB †h, Gi d‡j `xb wecyj Rb‡Mvôx †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q ¶z`ª cÖ‡Kv‡ôi Rxeb hvc‡bi KviY n‡Z
Bmjv‡gi †ndvRZ n‡q‡Q| †ndvRZ n‡q‡Q gymwjg D¤§viI| G‡Z wecyj cv‡i| A_ev ZvmvE‡di cÖwZ Suz‡K covi KviY n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ GiciI
msL¨K Av‡jg - Djvgvi Dcw¯’wZ BwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j‡Q| Gi d‡j GKUv cÖkœ Aewkó †_‡K hvq; †MvUv RvwZ hLb wdZbv dvmv` Avi
gymjgvb‡`i `ye©jZvi †evSv jvNe n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †h e¨w³ ivR‰bwZK cZ‡bi wec`vc‡`i NbNUvq AvKÉ wbgw¾Z,,†e`AvZcš’x Avi kwiqZ we‡ivax‡`i
cÖwZ j¶¨ Ki‡e Ges Av‡jg mgv‡Ri Rxebx Aa¨qb Ki‡e †m Abyaveb hLb †`v`©Ê cÖZvc, ivR‰bwZK Avi A_©‰bwZK wech©q hLb m‡n¨i mxgv
Ki‡e †h, †mLv‡b `yÕwU wew”Qbœ RMr| A_P kvmb KZ©c … ‡¶i nv‡Z Zviv †Kvb AwZµg K‡i hvq, ZLb Av‡jg mgvR ev Bj‡g Øx‡bi wk¶v_©xiv Kxiƒ‡c
Kó †c‡j Av‡jg mgv‡Ri nv‡ZB Zviv gyw³i A‡c¶vq cÖni ¸Y‡Zv| wbwðš— Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i? G mqjve †iv‡a Av‡jg mgvR Kxfv‡e
Avj−vn ZvAvjvi evYx : nvZ- cv ¸wU‡q e‡m _vK‡Z cv‡i? AbvPvi Avi Ak−xjZvi mqjve †iv‡a
ِ ِ َ ْ ‫وأوﱄ‬ ِ ِ ُ َ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
ِ
ْ ِ ُ َ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬
ْ ُ ْ ‫اﻷﻣﺮ‬
(٥٩ :‫ﻣﻨﻜﻢ )اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬ ُ َ َ َ‫أﻃﻴﻌﻮا اﷲﱠ‬
َ ُ ‫وأﻃﻴﻌﻮا ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫آﻣﻨﻮا‬
َ َ ‫أﳞﺎ ﱠ‬ َ
َ ‫َﻳﺎ ﱡ‬ †Kb Zv‡`i Kvh©Ki f~wgKv _vK‡e bv? Avgv‡`i ¯^xKvi bv K‡i Dcvq †bB
†h, gymwjg D¤§vi `yej
© Zv Avi AatcZ‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY n‡”Q D¤§vi
Ò†n Bgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv AvbyMZ¨ Ki Avj−vn ZvAvjvi, AvbyMZ¨ Ki
†bZ…Z¡ †_‡K Av‡jg mgv‡Ri `~‡i m‡i _vKv| Zv‡`i kvmb Kvh© †_‡K `~‡i
ivm~‡ji Ges †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ Djyj Avgi Gi|Ó (m~iv wbmv : 59)|
m‡i _vKvI Gi GKUv eo KviY| ¶gZv Avi kvmb Kvh© †_‡K Av‡jg
4
Avj- gvbvi mvgwqK cÎ, PZz_© el©, msL¨v 204|
39 40
mgv‡Ri `~‡i m‡i _vKvi wPš—vUvB GKUv fyj wPš—v| Avi G fyj wPš—vUvB
eZ©gv‡b e¨vcKZv jvf K‡i‡Q| gymwjg mgv‡R Ggb wKQy Djvgv‡q iveŸvbx
Av‡Qb, hviv D¤§‡Zi Ziweq‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib Avi ivRbxwZ †_‡K
`~‡i m‡i _vKvi Kvi‡Y G‡`i‡K mgv‡R DËg e¨w³ e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|5
G‡`i‡K mgv‡Ri DËg e¨w³ g‡b KivUvB GKUv eo wec`| Avi G eo
wec`UvB †P‡c e‡m‡Q gymwjg mgv‡R| gymwjg mgv‡Ri GUvB eo `yej © Zv|
†Kvb gymjgvb wK KvD‡K ivm~‡j Kvwig mvj−vj−vû AvBwn Iqvmvj−v‡gi †P‡q
eo Av‡jg Ges eo gyËvKx g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡i? A_P e`i, Iû`, L›`K,
BZ¨vw` eo eo hy‡× wZwb wb‡R gymwjg evwnbxi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb|62
G Ae¯’vi eY©bv cÖm‡½ Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv in. e‡jb . mZ¨vkÖqx
ivRbxwZi Rb¨ dKxn‡`i ch©vß Ávb bv _vKvi Kvi‡YB gymwjg mgv‡R
`ye©jZv Avi wew”QbœZv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q e‡j ejv n‡q _v‡K; kwiqZ Avi
ivRbxwZ `ykgb‡K AvnŸvb Rvbvq kwiq‡Zi w`‡K| Avi `ykgb AvnŸvb
Rvbvq ïay ivRbxwZi w`‡K| Avi Gi KviY n‡”Q mbœvn eySvi e¨vcv‡i G‡`i
`ye©jZv, A¶gZv|63
R‰bK Avie Kwe Zuvi KweZvq Av‡jg mgvR Avi eyw×Rxex Ges
mvwnwZ¨K †kÖwYi ivRbxwZ †_‡K `~‡i _vKvi wPÎ A¼b K‡i‡Qb| cvlvY-
Rvwjg ZzwK©‡`i `qvi bx‡P Kxfv‡e Zviv Lwjdv‡`i‡K †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q, wZwb
ZviI wPÎ A¼b K‡ib| e¨vKi‡Yi weZ‡K© cÖe„Ë g°vi GKwU `j‡K j¶¨
K‡i Kwe e‡jb . 64
‫ﺷﻐﻠﺘﻢ ﺑﺬا واﻟﻨﺎس ﰱ اﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﺸﻐﻞ‬ ‫اﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻮن اﷲ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺪن اﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬
‫وﻗﺪ أﺻﺒﺢ اﻹﺳﻼم ﻣﻔﱰق اﻟﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫أﻣﺎﻣﻜﻢ أﺿﺤﻰ ﻗﺘﻴﻼ ﳎﻨﺪﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻴﺤﻮن ﺑﺎﻷﺻﻮات ﰲ أﺣﺴﻦ اﻟﺴﺒﻞ‬ ً ‫ﻋﻜ‬
‫ﻔﺎ‬ ّ ‫وأﻧﺘﻢ ﻋﲆ اﻷﺷﻌﺎر واﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬
†n e¨vKi‡Yi Lwb †Zvgiv wK fq Kibv Avj−vn †K?
†Zvgiv‡Zv GUv wb‡qB e¨¯—, Avi †jv‡Kiv e¨¯— eo Kv‡R|
†Zvgv‡`i Bgvg wbnZ n‡”Q wbg©gfv‡e, Bmjvg `uvwo‡q‡Q µvwš— Kv‡j|
Avi †Zvgiv wKbv KweZv Avi e¨vKiY wb‡q e¨¯—|
PgrKvi mo‡K †Zvgiv wPrKvi Ry‡o w`‡qQ|
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Avj-evqvb mvgwqKx, msL¨v 2, c„ôv- 9|
62
gynv¤§` mvC` Iidx t Avie we‡k¦i cZ‡bi Aš—iv‡j, c„ôv t 118|
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Avj-dvZvIqv, LÛ- 20, c„ôv-393|
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Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11,c„ôv-26|
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me‡P‡q eo wec` wQj GB †h, wePvi wefvM wQj GKUv ¯^vaxb ms¯’v,
miKv‡ii cÖfve †_‡K Zv A‡bKvs‡k gy³ wQj| †m hy‡M Zv-I Rvwgb`v‡ii
wbKU wRw¤§ Kivi e¨e¯’v cÖeZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h m¤ú‡K© BwZc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Avgiv GLv‡b wKQy cÖgvY Dc¯’vcb Kie| we¯—vwiZ
Av‡jvPbv Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ bq| Z‡e GLv‡b `ywU wel‡q D‡j−L Kiv Ri“wi|
GK . RbRxeb †_‡K Av‡jg mgv‡Ri wew”QbœZv Zv‡`i‡K ZvwË¡K Ges
cÖv‡qvwMK ivRbxwZ †_‡K `y‡i mwi‡q wb‡q‡Q| G welqUv HwZnvwmK Be‡b
Lvj`~b †iKW© K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb .
ÔAv‡jg mgvR ivRbxwZ Avi ivR‰bwZK `k©b †_‡K A‡bK `~‡i| Gi
KviY n‡”Q, Zviv `vk©wbK wPš—v Avi Aš—wb©wnZ inm¨ wb‡qB e¨wZe¨¯—|
evB‡ii Abyfw~ Zi RMr †_‡K Zv‡`i wPš—vi ivR¨ wew”Qbœ| †MvUv welqUv
Zv‡`i gb- gvb‡m Abycw¯’Z| G‡nb `~i‡Z¡ Ae¯’vb K‡i Zviv evB‡ii
RM‡Zi mv‡_ Zv Lvc LvIqv‡Z Pvb|65 wZwb ej‡Z Pvb †h Av‡jg mgv‡Ri
AwaKvsk wKZvecÎ wb‡q e¨¯— _vKvq wKZv‡ei wfZi w`‡qB Zviv evB‡ii
RM‡Zi w`‡K ZvKvb| A_P evB‡ii ev¯—e Ae¯’v, ivóª Ges gvby‡li
mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’v Gi wecixZ; A_ev Zv wb‡q e¨vcK wPš—v
M‡elYv Kiv Avek¨K| Aek¨ wKZv‡ei wfZi w`‡q Zuviv evB‡ii †h `„k¨
Ae‡jvKb K‡ib, Zv Avewk¨K fv‡eB fy‡ji w`‡K PvwjZ Ki‡Z eva¨| ev¯—e
m¤ú‡K© hvi †Kvb aviYv †bB, wZwb g‡b K‡ib †h, mgmvgwqK kvmKivI
†Kvb †Kvb Dgv-Bqv AveŸvmxq kvm‡Ki g‡Zv| A_P G `y‡qi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q
we¯—i e¨eavb| ivRbxwZ m¤ú‡K© Be‡b Lvj`~b e‡jb, evB‡ii RM‡Zi cÖwZ
j¶¨ ivLvI ivRbxwZi Rb¨ Avek¨K| evB‡ii †h Ae¯’v ivRbxwZi m‡½ hy³
nq, Zv m~² Avi cÖ”Qbœ n‡jI Zr cÖwZ `„wó `vb Kiv KZ©e¨|66 hLb
ivRbxwZi A_© n‡e ev¯—e‡K h_vh_fv‡e Dcjwä Kiv Avi G ev¯—e Kv‡Ri
ga¨ w`‡q gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ RvMiY m„wó Kivi †Póv Pvwj‡q Zv‡K Bmjv‡gi
Kvw•¶Z gvb Avi ¯—‡i wb‡q hvIqv, ZLb GUv Kvh©Ki Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| wKš‘
hLb ivRbxwZi A_© n‡e Ø›Ø- msNvZ, cÖZviYv- cÖeÂbv| ˆZj g`©b kv‡¯¿
`¶Zv AR©b Kiv Avi gybv‡dwK‡Z wm×n¯— nIqv, ZLb wbôvevb Av‡jg
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BRwZnv‡`i `vwe| Aek¨ Zuviv g‡b K‡ib †h, G cwi‡e‡kI Ávb we¯—vi
65
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 26|
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Avj- gyKv‡Ïgv, LÛ- 3, c„ôv- 1256|
42
KivB n‡”Q DËg KvR| kwiqZ m¤§Z ivRbxwZ wel‡q wbf©i‡hvM¨ MÖš’ iwPZ Ki‡Zb| G welqUv we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z gmwR‡`i
n‡q‡Q, †hgb Avj-gvIqv`©x iwPZ ÔAvj-AvnKvgym myjZvwbqvnÕ Ges Bgvg Bgvg‡`i‡K Ggb fv‡e `„‡k¨ cÖKvk Kiv hvq, hv Zv‡`i Dchy³ bq| d‡j
RyqvBbx iwPZ ÔwMqvmyj Dgvg wd BjwZqvwmm hyjvgÕ| (G wel‡q Bgvg Be‡b gvbyl Bmjvg †_‡K `~‡i m‡i hv‡e| Gme Bgvg-gyqvhwhbivB n‡”Qb Gi
ZvBwgqv iwPZ Ôwmqvm‡Z kviBqvnÕ MÖ‡š’I D‡j−L‡hvM¨| hvi evsjv Abyev` cÖgvY| G Kvi‡Y A‡bK Av‡jg wZRviZ ev e¨emv- evwY‡R¨ AvZ¥wb‡qvM
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`yB . †h welqwU Be‡b Lvj`yb †iKW© K‡i‡Qb, Zv n‡”Q Av‡jg mgv‡Ri Ki‡Z cvi‡j Av‡jg mgvR Zuv‡`i wb‡R‡`i wel‡qi `vwqZ¡-fvi `ykgb‡`i
mvgvwRK- A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v| wZwb e‡jb . Øxwb welq h_v wePvi dqmvjv nv‡Z Zz‡j †`‡eb bv| myZivs Zuv‡`i mgm¨vi mgvavb Zuv‡`i wb‡R‡`i‡KB
Kiv, d‡Zvqv `vb, wk¶v `vb Ges BgvgwZ Kiv- Gme KvR AwaKš‘ Zv‡`i Ki‡Z n‡e|
m¤ú` e„w× K‡i bv| Avi Gi KviY n‡”Q GB †h, weËevbiv Zv‡`i Rb¨
RxweKvi GKUv cwigvY wba©viY K‡i †`b, Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb Abycv‡Z| G‡Z
Zuviv cÖZvckvjx †mbva¨¶‡`i mgK¶ n‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avi Av‡jg mgvR
Zuv‡`i m¤§vbRbK RxweKvi Kvi‡Y RbM‡Yi wbKU m¤§v‡bi cvÎ| Zuviv
m¤§v‡bi cvÎ wb‡R‡`i wbKUI| RxweKvi cÖvPz‡h©i Rb¨ Zuviv ¶gZvmxb‡`i
wbKU bZ n‡Z cv‡ib bv| cv‡ib aY©v w`‡Z| GRb¨ Zuv‡`i AemiI _v‡K
bv| KviY m¤§vbRbK mvgvb¨ RxweKv wb‡qB Zuviv gnvb `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b e¨¯—
|67
myZivs Be‡b Lvj`~‡bi g‡Z Av‡jg mgv‡Ri Ki“b Ae¯’vi KviY GB
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AR©b Avi Ávb weZi‡Yi Kv‡R e¨¯—| AbybZ œ A‡bK †`kB wePvi Kvh©,
BgvgwZ Ges d‡ZvIqv `v‡bi †Kvb ¸i“Z¡ Abyaveb K‡i bv| d‡j Zviv
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Djvgv‡`i fvZv gš¿x-wgwb÷vi‡`i fvZvi av‡i Kv‡QI †cuŠ‡Q bv| AveŸvmxq
ev DevBw`qv kvmbvg‡j GKRb gš¿xi fvZv gvwmK 5 nvRvi `xbvi ch©š—
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Lvj`~b e‡jb .
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DwPZ| KviY, Zv GL‡bv Avgv‡`i mvg‡b eZ©gvb i‡q‡Q| IqvKd `dZ‡ii
`vwqZ¡kxjiv †Kej †Kvb iK‡g cÖv‡Y †eu‡P _vKv cwigvY fvZv MÖnY

67
Avj- gyKv‡Ïgv, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 925|
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Wt gynv¤§` nvg`x gvbvex, dv‡Zgx hy‡M DRxi I IRviZx, c„ôv- 82|
43 44
4. ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq Ges Af¨š—ixY mš¿vm
†m Kv‡j ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi D™¢e gymjgvb‡`i Dci me‡P‡q eo
`y‡h©vM †W‡K Av‡b| gvwU‡K K‡i Av‡iv wm³| Av‡jg Ijvgv, Avi Avn‡j
mybvœ ni kxl©¯v’ bxq e¨w³eM©‡K nZ¨v Avi wek¦vmNvZKZv Øviv Zviv gvby‡li
g‡b fq- fxwZ Avi mš¿vm m„wó K‡i| gymwjg mgvR‡K `yej © Kivi gva¨‡g
wb‡R‡`i D‡Ïk¨ PwiZv_© Kivi Rb¨ Zviv †Pviv‡Mvßv nZ¨vi c_ MÖnY K‡i|
msKURbK mg‡q Zviv DwRi, ev`kvn Ges Av‡jg- Ijvgv‡`i‡K nZ¨v
K‡i| µ‡mWvi Avi ZvZvi‡`i b¨vq Bmjv‡gi `ykgb‡`i m‡½ mL¨ M‡o
†Zv‡j| mybœvn cš’x‡`i cÖwZ we‡Ø‡li ekeZ©x n‡q eZ©gvbKv‡ji ev‡Zbxiv
Bûw` Ges cwðgv Dcwb‡ekev`x‡`i m‡½ †h MuvU-Qvov euva‡Q, G wPÎ Zv
†_‡K †gv‡UB wfbœ bq| eZ©gvbKv‡j †jevb‡b gymjgvbiv G‡`i nv‡Z A‡bK
`y‡f©v‡Mi wkKvi n‡”Q| wdwjw¯—bxiv me‡P‡q wZ³ `yÕwU `y‡h©v‡Mi wkKvi
n‡”Q| cvwK¯—v‡b Kvw`qvwb Avi BmgvCwjqv m¤úÖ`vq Bs‡iR Avi cvðv‡Z¨i
m‡½ MuvUQov euva‡Q| evnvB m¤úÖ`vq mL¨ ¯’vcb Ki‡Q Bûw`‡`i m‡½|
ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq †Kvb GKUv we‡kl †Mvôxi bvg bq| nvkvkx, Kviv‡gZv,
Lviwgqv, BmgvCwjqv, `yiwRqv BZ¨vw` bvbv m¤úÖ`vq G‡`i Aš—f©y³| G
ai‡bi Av‡iv A‡bK m¤úÖ`v‡qi bvg G‡`i m‡½ hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| G‡`i g~j
eywj GB †h, KziAv‡bi `y'Uv A_© Av‡Q- GKUv Rv‡nix, AciUv ev‡Zbx|
Avm‡j Zviv KziAvb gRx‡`i cÖwZ wek¦vmx bq| gvbyl‡K Avj−vni e‡›`wMi
eÜb †_‡K gy³ Kivi Rb¨ G wek¦vm‡K Zviv GKUv Xvj wnmv‡e e¨envi
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A¯^xKvi Kiv| iv‡dhx ag©gZ n‡”Q Zv‡`i evwn¨K ag©, Avi Zv‡`i ev‡Zbx
wek¦vm n‡”Q wbQK Kzdwi gZev` Qov‡bv|1 AZxZ Ges eZ©gv‡b evievi
ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi Kg©Kv‡Êi D™¢e N‡U‡Q| AZxZ BwZnvm Aa¨qbKvixi
m¤§y‡L eZ©gv‡bi wPÎ cwiùzU n‡q DV‡e| AZxZ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nIqv
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cvV K‡i‡Q? kvg †`‡ki kvqLyj Rvevj Gi BwZnvm c‡o‡Q? Kviv‡gZv
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nvmvb mveŸvn Kvq‡ivi BmgvCjx Devq`x m¤úÖ`v‡qi wbKU †_‡K Zvi
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Kg©KvÊ cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GKUv †Mvcb Av¯—vbv ¯’vcb K‡i| †mLvb †_‡K †m
Avn‡j mybœvni wewkó e¨w³eM©‡K nZ¨vi cwiKíbv Avu‡U| †mjRyK es‡ki
kw³ai DwRi nvmvb Be‡b Avjx Gi nZ¨vi gva¨‡g Zvi cwiKíbvi bxj
bKkv Avu‡K| ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi wbKU wZwb wQ‡jb me‡P‡q wec¾bK
e¨w³| KviY, wZwb Av‡jg‡`i mnvqZv Ki‡Zb, Ávb we¯—vi Avi gv`ªvmv
cÖwZôv Øviv Zv‡`i‡K DØy× Ki‡Zb| ev‡Zbxiv Zuvi Gme Kg©ZrciZv mn¨
Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| d‡j DwRi wbqvgyj g~jK me© cÖ_g Zv‡`i g~j¨evb wkKv‡i
cwiYZ nb| `vBjvgx es‡ki GKRb AcÖvß eq¯‹ cyi“l‡K cÖwk¶Y w`‡q Zuvi
wbKU †cÖiY Kiv nq mvnvh¨ Kvgbvi fvb K‡i| mvnvh¨ cÖv_©x G e¨w³wU
QywiKvNv‡Z Zv‡K nZ¨v K‡i| wnRix 496 mv‡j ivq †`‡k Aveyj gyRvd&di
Bebyj LvRv›`x‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| Bwb wQ‡jb GKRb wewkó Iqv‡qh|2 wnRix
498 mv‡j kv‡dwq gRnv‡ei Ab¨Zg cÖavb kv‡qL Avey Rvdi Bebyj
gykvZ‡K Zviv nZ¨v K‡i| GKB ermi evqnvK A‡ji ZzivBmxm MÖvg †_‡K
wecyj msL¨K BmgvCwjqv G‡m mg‡eZ nq| Zviv †mLv‡b ZzjKvg KvÊ
NUvq| A‡bK‡K nZ¨v K‡i A_© m¤ú` jyÉb K‡i wb‡q hvq| d‡j †MvUv
A‡j AivRKZv Qwo‡q c‡o| Zv‡`i `vcU e„w× cvq| GKB ermi gv-
IqvivDb bvnvi, †Lvivmvb Ges fviZe‡l©i nR¡hvÎx‡`i nR †_‡K wd‡i
Avmvi c‡_ ivq A‡ji ÔLvIqviÕ bvgK ¯’v‡b †cŠQ‡j ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi
†jv‡Kiv †fvi iv‡Î nvgjv Pvwj‡q wbg©gfv‡e Zv‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡i gvj-mvgvb
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Be‡b Avey gynv¤§` bxkvc~ix‡K Bmdvnv‡bi Rv‡g gmwR‡`i Af¨š—‡i cÖ‡ek
K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| wZwb wQ‡jb nvbvwd gvRnv‡ei Ab¨Zg wewkó e¨w³Z¡|4
wnRix 502 mv‡j Bmdvnv‡bi KvwR Ievq`yj−vn Be‡b Avjx Avj-LwZe‡K
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ZvixLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ 10, c„ôv- 296|
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Rv‡g gmwR‡` GB nZ¨vKvÊ msNwUZ nq| HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi Zuvi
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wnRix 525 mv‡j ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Kiv `v‡gk‡Ki AwacwZ e~ix
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AvnZ Ae¯’vq GK ermi †eu‡P †_‡K cieZ©x ermi wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib|
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†bIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Mvc‡b Zuv‡K nZ¨v Kivi AwfcÖv‡q nvmvb Be‡b mveŸvn
R‰bK LwZe‡K †cÖiY K‡i|10
wnRix 529 mv‡j ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Kiv AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Avj-gy¯—
viwk` wej−vn dRj Be‡b AveŸvm‡K nZ¨v K‡i| nZ¨vi ci Zviv Zvi †`‡ni
weK…wZ mvab K‡i Dj½ jvk †d‡j iv‡L| 11 nv‡dR kvgmyÏxb Avh-hvnvex
Zuvi m¤ú‡K© e‡jb . wZwb wQ‡jb Øxb`vi- ci‡nRMvi GKRb exi gyRvwn`|
gy‡m‡ji Avwgi gI`y` Be‡b Rw½‡K µz‡mW hy‡× myjZvb wMqvmyÏxb
mvjRyKxi c¶ †_‡K Z¨³ wei³ Kiv n‡j wZwb hvRxiv AÂj †_‡K wecyj
ˆmb¨ msMÖn K‡ib| G wekvj evwnbx wb‡q wZwb kvg †`‡k Mgb K‡ib Ges
µz‡mWvi‡`i wbKU †_‡K A‡bK `yM© cybi“×vi K‡ib| `v‡gkK †cuŠ‡Q bvgvR
Av`vq Kivi Rb¨ wZwb `v‡gk‡Ki Rv‡g gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡j ev‡Zbx
m¤úÖ`v‡qi R‰bK e¨w³ wf¶z‡Ki †e‡k Zuvi wbKU Mgb K‡i wf¶v PvB‡j
7 12
Avj-Kv‡gj, LÛ 10, c„ôv-630|
8 13
Avj-Kv‡gj, LÛ 10, c„ôv-634|
9 14
Avj-Kv‡gj LÛ 10, c„ôv- 680|
10
wmqvi“ Avjvwgb byejv, LÛ 19, c„ôv- 574|
11
Avj-Kv‡gj LÛ 11, c„ôv- 27|
47
wZwb Zv‡K wKQy mvnvh¨ K‡ib| †jvKwU Kv‡Q wM‡q Zuv‡K QywiKvNvZ Ki‡j
wZwb m‡½ m‡½ Bwš—Kvj K‡ib|12
Kw_Z Av‡Q †h, evqZzj gyKvÏv‡mi µz‡mW kvmK `v‡gk‡Ki
kvmbKZ©vi wbKU GKUv evYx †cÖiY K‡ib| G‡Z wZwb e‡jb . †h RvwZ
Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³‡K C‡`i w`b gvÕey‡`i M„‡n nZ¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i, †m
RvwZ‡K aŸsm Kiv b¨vqZ . Avj−vni KZ©e¨| wnRix cÂg kZ‡Ki ïi“‡Z
BmgvCjx m¤úÖ`v‡qi cÖPviK evnivg wmwiqv AvMgb K‡i cÖPvi Kvh© ïi“
Ki‡j A‡bK mvaviY gvbyl Ges bxP ¯—‡ii †jv‡Kiv Zv‡Z mvov †`q|
Zv‡`i †Kvcvb‡ji f‡q A‡bK Av‡jg Ges kwiq‡Zi cZvKvevnx bxieZv
Aej¤^b K‡ib| 13
Gme ev‡Zbxiv nq gymjgvb‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡i, A_ev Zv‡`i wei“‡×
`ykgb‡`i‡K mnvqZv `vb K‡i| A_ev `ykgb‡`i wbKU mnvqZv Kvgbv
K‡i| Iqv`x ZvBg14 Gi iCg `vnnv` Be‡b Ry›`j- Gi DׄwZ w`‡q
HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb . gymjgvb Ges Bs‡iRiv Zvi mnvqZv K‡i|
Ges GK m¤úÖ`vq Øviv Ab¨ m¤úÖ`v‡qi wei“‡× mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Kiv nq|
Ae‡k‡l `v‡gkK AwacwZ BmgvCj Be‡b eyix AvMgb KiZ: Zv‡`i wbKU
†_‡K kvKxd `yM© cybi“×vi K‡ib|15 GUv Rvbv K_v †h, Iqv`x ZvBg-G
`ª“Z BmgvCwjqv m¤úÖ`v‡qi cÖPvi Kvh© e¨vcK we¯—vi jvf K‡iwQj|
ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi nv‡Z †hme Avwjg- Ijvgv wbnZ nb, Zuv‡`i Ab¨Zg
wQ‡jb wewkó Av‡jg Rvwn` Ges Avj−vn Iqv Ave~ Avãyj−vn gynv¤§` Be‡b
Avãyj gvA Be‡b Kv‡q` Avj AvIqvbx16| G gnvb Av‡j‡gi MÖv‡gi R‰bK
ev‡Zbx NvZK GKRb Iqv‡qwR‡bi †ek aviY K‡i cÖ‡ek KiZ: Zuvi m‡½
gmwR‡` K_v e‡j| Be‡b Kv‡q`‡K nZ¨v¯’‡j wb‡q hvIqv n‡j wZwb wPrKvi
K‡i e‡j D‡Vb . †n KzKiz bx‡P †b‡g hvq! G mgq mvaviY gvbyl Qy‡U G‡m
Zxi wb‡¶c Ki‡j †m cjvqb K‡i| G ev‡Zbx NvZ‡Ki Dci hv wKQy N‡U
†M‡Q, †m m¤ú‡K© wmwiqvi BmgvCwjqv‡`i †bZv wmbvb‡K AewnZ Kiv nq|
AvIqvbxi NUbv Rvb‡Z †c‡i wmbvb Zvi Abymvix `yÕRb †jvK‡K Be‡b
Kv‡q` Gi wbKU †cÖiY K‡i| Zviv G‡m K‡qK gvm Zuvi m‡½ Ae¯’vb K‡i
Bev`Z- e‡›`wM‡Z wb‡qvwRZ _v‡K| Ae‡k‡l Zviv Zuv‡K Ges Zuvi Lv‡`g‡K
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn LÛ 12, c„ôv- 185|
gynv¤§` Kz`© Ax t LyZvZzk kvg LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 3|
†jevb‡bi GKUv DcZ¨Kv|
15
Avj-Kv‡gj, LÛ 11, c„ôv 11|
16
DËi evM`v‡`i GKUv MÖv‡gi w`‡K m¤úwK©Z|
48
nZ¨v K‡i evMv‡b AvkÖq †bq| evMv‡bi gvwjiv Rvb‡Z †c‡i Zv‡`i Dfq‡K
nZ¨v K‡i jvk R¡vwj‡q †`q|17
GLv‡b Avgiv hv wKQy Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ, Zv †Kej nvkvkx BmgvCjx
m¤úÖ`v‡qi Kg©KvÊ| Ab¨vb¨ ev‡Zbx‡`i Kg©KvÊ m¤ú‡K© Avgiv wKQyB D‡j−L
Kwiwb| Giv Avi Ab¨vb¨ Kviv‡gZviv wkqv‡`i mnvqZvq jvwjZ Ges Zv‡`i
ivóª cÖwZôvi djkÖ“wZ‡ZB G‡`i D™¢e N‡U‡Q| I¯—v` gynv¤§` Kz`© Avjx
e‡jb .
we¯§‡qi welq GB †h, wkqviv n‡”Q µz‡mW `‡ji †jvK| mvgvb¨
e¨wZµg Qvov Giv gymjgvb‡`i wei“‡× nvgjv cwiPvjbv K‡i| Giv ce©‡Z
AvkÖq wb‡q µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½ wg‡j nvgjv Pvq| Ges µz‡mWvi‡`i MvBW
Avi †`vfvlx wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|18
17
wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev, LÛ- 21, c„ôv- 195|
18
Wvt Kz`© Avjx t LyZvZzk kvg, LÛ 2, c„ôv 14|
49
5. cÖwZ‡iv‡a `ye©j mvov
G‡nb `ye©jZv Avi bvbv `‡j wef³ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ges Gme Af¨š—ixY
Ø›Ø-msNvZ Avi ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi wech©‡qi d‡j Bs‡iR Avi µz‡mWviiv
hLb wmwiqvq nvgjv Pvq, ZLb evM`v` Avi Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡bi gymjgvbiv
Zv‡`i fvB‡`i mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q Avm‡Z cv‡iwb| µz‡mWviiv hLb evqZzj
gyKvÏvm ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q hvq, gymwjg Rvnvb ZLbI Gme NUbv †_‡K `~‡i
Rxeb hvcb KiwQj| †hb Zv‡`i KY© †evwai n‡q Av‡Q| wVK AweKj
Abyiƒc NUbvB AvR NU‡Q| AvR Bûw`iv hLb evqZzj gyKvÏvm AwaKvi K‡i
†bq, ZLb `~‡ii ev wbK‡Ui †Kvb †`‡kiB ˆPZ‡b¨v`q nq bv| Zviv †Kej
cÖwZev` Kiv Avi RvwZmsN ev wek¦ Rbg‡Zi wbKU wb›`v Ávcb KivB h‡_ó
g‡b K‡i| Bûw`iv wdwjw¯—bx hyeK‡`i nvZ ¸uwo‡q w`‡”Q- G `„k¨ Kv‡iv Aš—
‡i bvov †`q bv| G `ye©j Reve Avi `ye©j cÖwZev` BwZnv‡mi NUbvq †iKW©
n‡q i‡q‡Q| A_ev Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi †h, Av‡`Š G me NUbvi †Kvb ReveB
†`qv nqwb| wnRix 361 mv‡j hvRxiv A‡ji Avi-ivnv bMix‡Z †ivgvbiv
nvgjv Pvq| bMixi Awaevmx‡`i GKUv cÖwZwbwa `j evM`v` Mgb K‡i
†iv‡gi nvgjv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡i| welqUv Rvbvevi Rb¨ evM`v‡`i wKQy
wewkó eyqvBnx kvmK eLwZqv‡ii wbKU Mgb K‡i Zv‡K wkKv‡i gË †`L‡Z
†c‡q cÖwZev` Ávcb K‡i wd‡i Av‡mb|
†ivgvb‡`i m‡½ wRnv` ïi“ n‡j gymwjg kvmK Bgivb Be‡b kvwnb
wRnv‡` AskMÖnY Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| ZLb eLwZqvi Ggb fve †`Lvb †h,
wZwb wRnv‡` Mgb Ki‡Z `„p cÖwZÁ Ges Lwjdvi wbKU wecyj A‡_©i `vwe
†ck K‡i‡Qb| A_P wZwb Rv‡bb †h, A_© Lwjdvi nv‡Z bq, eis Zuvi nv‡Z
i‡q‡Q| G AvnŸv‡b mvov w`‡q Lwjdv Zvi M„‡ni AvmevecÎ weµq Kivi
Rb¨ e¨vKzj n‡q D‡Vb| wKš‘ eLwZqvi †mme A_© wb‡Ri we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡bi
Kv‡R e¨q K‡ib| d‡j wRnv` m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Av‡jvPbvB nqwb|1
µz‡mW †hv×viv kvg †`‡k DcbxZ n‡j w·cvjxi kvmbKZ©v KvwR Avey
Avjx Be‡b Av¤§vi `ª“Z Qy‡U G‡m evM`v` Mgb K‡ib Ges kvg †`k gy³
Kivi Rb¨ gymjgvb‡`i mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡ib| wRnv‡`i AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q wZwb
evM`v‡`i gmwR‡` LyZev †`b| RbMY DÏxß n‡q cÖ¯‘wZ †bq| myjZvb
Zv‡K ˆmb¨ †cÖi‡Yi cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`b| wKš‘ Kvh©Z: wKQyB Kiv nqwb| d‡j
KvwR w·cvjx wd‡i G‡m †`L‡Z cvb †h, wgk‡ii AwacwZ Ievq`xiv
1
ZvwiLyj Kv‡gj, LÛ-8, c„ôv- 618|
50
(dv‡Zgx) Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× mvnvh¨ Kivi cwie‡Z© D‡ëv Zuvi kniUv
AwaKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q|2
µz‡mW †hv×viv evqZzj gyKvÏvm AwaKvi K‡i †bqvi ci RbMY Aw¯’i
n‡q EaŸ© k¦v‡m BivK Qy‡U hvq| Zviv evqZzj gyKvÏv‡m µz‡mWvi‡`i ee©iZv
Avi i³cv‡Zi weeiY †ck Ki‡j Lwjdv dKxn‡`i‡K ewnM©Z n‡q wRnv‡`i
Rb¨ cÖ¯Z ‘ n‡Z kvmK‡`i‡K DØy× K‡ib| RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Qy‡UvQywU Avi ˆn-
ˆP ïi“ nq| A‡bK K_vevZ©vI nq| wKš‘ Gme †Kvb Kv‡R Av‡mwb|3 Avwg
wek¦vm Kwi bv †h, GUv Lwjdv ev Av‡jg mgv‡Ri GKUv Awfbq gvÎ| wKš‘
†h `yej© Zv Avi Mfxi my mywß gymwjg Rvnv‡bi Dci †P‡c e‡mwQj, Zv
Zv‡`i‡K Dchy³ cÖ¯—ve MÖnY K‡i Zv Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z BZ¯—Z K‡i †Zv‡j|
d‡j eo Kv‡R nvZ w`‡Z Zviv weiZ _v‡K| wnRix 504 mv‡j evM`v‡`i
Av‡jgMbmn wKQy †jvK wRnv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ wmwiqv Mgb Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯w‘ Z
†bq| wKš‘ Bs‡iR‡`i msL¨vwa‡K¨i K_v Rvb‡Z †c‡i Zv‡`i AwaKvsk
cw_ga¨ †_‡K wd‡i hvq|4
wnRix 492 mv‡ji NUbvejx m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb .
wmwiqv †_‡K hviv wd‡i Av‡m, Zviv igRvb gv‡m evM`v‡` KvwR Ave~ mvqv`
nviexi mvwbœ‡a¨ Dcw¯’Z nq| Zviv `dZ‡i Ggb K_vevZ©v e‡jb, hv‡Z
A‡b‡Ki P¶z AkÖ“wm³ nq| A‡bK Aš—i e¨w_Z nq| Zviv Rygvi w`b Rv‡g
gmwR‡` mg‡eZ n‡q dwiqv` Rvbvq| Zviv wb‡RivI µ›`b K‡i Avi
Ab¨‡`i‡KI Kuv`vq| cweÎ bMix (evqZzj gyKvÏv‡m) AK¯§vr gymjgvb‡`i
Dci †h wec` AvcwZZ n‡q‡Q, †hgb cyi“l‡`i‡K nZ¨v Kiv, bvix Avi
wkï‡`i e›`x Kiv, A_©- m¤ú` jyÉb Kiv BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv
nq| ZLb Lwjdv KvwR `vgMvbx, Avey eKi kvkx Ges Aveyj Iqvdv Be‡b
AvKxj nvIqvb mdi K‡i Avmvi wb‡`©k †`b| †Kvb D‡Ïk¨ wmw× QvovB
Zviv mdi K‡i wd‡i Av‡mb|5
wnRix 505 mv‡j mvjRyK myjZvb wmwiqvq gymjgvb‡`i mnvqZv Kivi
Rb¨ DÏxß nb| Avwgi gI`y`mn Ab¨vb¨ Avwgi‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ GK wekvj
evwnbx cÖ¯Z‘ Kiv nq| Gme Avgxi‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Zveix‡hi kvmbKZ©v
mvKgvb Avj- KzZex, gvivMv A‡ji kvmK Avng`xj, gviw`b- Gi
2
Avj- Kv‡gj, LÛ- 10, c„ôv- 452|
3
Avj- we`vqvnv Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv 167|
4
Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv 181| j¶bxq †h, ZLb RvZxq wfwˇZ wRnv` Ri“ix
wQj| eZ©gv‡b †Kvb †`‡k MgbvMg‡bi wfmv e¨e¯’vi eva¨evaKZv Zv iwnZ K‡i|
5
Avj-Kv‡gj, LÛ- 10, c„ôv- 284|
51
kvmbKZ©v Avwgi GjMvbx| G evwnbx Bs‡iR‡`i wbKU †_‡K wKQy `yM©
cybi“×vi Ki‡Z m¶g nq| wKš‘ AwaKvsk Avwgi wb‡R‡`i Dci wec`
cwZZ nIqvi Avk¼vq wd‡i Av‡mb| GQvovI ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Kiv
Avwgi gI`y`‡K `v‡gk‡Ki Dgv-Bqv gmwR‡`i Af¨š—‡i nZ¨v K‡i| `yej ©
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Av‡iv `„óvš— †`Iqv hvq| G°v cÖvPx‡ii Avk-cv‡k Zxeª jovB
Pj‡Q| myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex †`L‡Z †c‡jb †h, G°v cÖvPx‡ii
Af¨š—‡ii gymjgvbiv `xN© Ae‡iv‡ai d‡j K¬vš— n‡q c‡o‡Q| wZwb Zv‡`i
Kó jvNe Ki‡Z PvB‡jb| G D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb gyIqvn‡n`xb kvmbvaxb
ÔgvM‡ieÕ A‡ji kvmK Avey BqvKze BDmyd Be‡b Avãyj gy'‡g‡bi wbKU
GKUv cqMvg †cÖiY K‡i| cqMv‡g wZwb mvnvh¨-mnvqZv Kvgbv K‡i|
we‡kl K‡i †bŠeni Kvgbv K‡ib, hv‡Z G°vq hy×iZ Bs‡iRiv mvnvh¨ bv
cvq| Avey BDmy‡di wbKU cqMvg †cuŠ‡Q| wKš‘ wZwb µz× n‡q mnvqZv `v‡b
A¯^xK…wZ Ávcb K‡ib| KviY, myjZvb mvnDwχbi cqMv‡g Zuv‡K Avgxi“j
gy'‡gbxb e‡j m‡¤^vab K‡ibwb|
evqZzj gyKvÏvm `Lj K‡i †bqvi ci wgk‡ii Ievq`x kvmK‡`i
cÖwZwµqv †Kgb n‡qwQj? Zv‡`i DwRi AvKg Be‡b e`i Rvgx µz‡mW
†hv×v‡`i wei“‡× ˆmb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib| AvmKv‡b ˆmb¨‡`i Dci nvgjv Pvwj‡q
Zv‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ges AvdR‡ji ˆmb¨‡`i K¨v‡¤ú hv wKQy wQj, me jyU
K‡i wb‡q hvq| DwRi AvdR‡ji ˆmb¨iv civwRZ nq| KviY, Zviv hy‡×i
Rb¨ ZLb cÖ¯Z ‘ wQj bv| d‡j ˆmb¨iv QÎf½ n‡q eb-R½‡j AvkÖq †bq| G
NUbv Avgv‡`i 1967 mv‡j Avie- BmivBj hy‡×i K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q|
G hy‡× wgkixq ˆmb¨iv EaŸ©kv¦ ‡m wmbvB cÖvš—‡ii w`‡K Qy‡U hvq| KviY
†bZ…Z¡ ZLb hy‡×i Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z nqwb| d‡j †Lvjv cÖvš—‡i wgkixq ˆmb¨‡`i
cÖwZ ¸wj Pvwj‡q nZ¨v Kiv nq| GUv wQj wbQK GK ai‡bi ivR‰bwZK
PvjevwR|
G `ytLRbK Ae¯’vi Rb¨ KvwR Aveyj gyRvddi Avweqy`x© AkÖ“cvZ K‡i
evqZzj gyKvÏv‡mi Rb¨ †kvK Muv_v iPbv K‡ib| G †kvKMv_vq wZwb
gymjgvb‡`i‡K wRnv‡`i Rb¨I DØy× K‡ib .
ِ
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮاﺣﻢ‬ ٌ ‫ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺒﻖ ﻣﻨﺎ ُﻋ‬
‫ﺮﺿﺔ‬ ‫دﻣﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻣﻮع اﻟﺴﻮاﺟﻢ‬
ً ‫ﻣﺰﺟﻨﺎ‬
ِ
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮارم‬ ‫إذاﳊﺮب ُﺷﱠﺒﺖ ﻧﺎرﻫﺎ‬
ُ ‫ﻳﻔﻴﻀﻪ‬
ُ ‫دﻣﻊ‬ٌ ‫وﴍﺳﻼح اﳌﺮء‬
‫ﱡ‬
ِ
‫ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺎﺳﻢ‬ ُ ‫وﻗﺎﺋﻊ ُﻳﻠﺤﻘﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺬّرى‬ َ ‫إن وارءﻛﻢ‬ ً ‫ﻓﺈ‬
ّ ‫ﳞﺎ ﺑﻨﻲ اﻹﺳﻼم‬
52
 ِ ‫ﻛﻨﻮار اﳋﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻋﻢ‬ ّ ‫وﻋﻴﺶ‬ ‫أﲥﻮﻳﻤﺔ ﰱ ﻇﻞ أﻣﻦ وﻏﺒﻄﺔ‬
ِ
‫اﻟﻘﺸﺎﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﻇﻬﻮر اﳌﺬاﻛﻰ أو ﺑﻄﻮن‬
َ ُ ‫وإﺧﻮاﻧﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎم ﻳﻀﺤﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻴﻠﻬﻢ‬
wØZxq Aa¨vq
ِ ‫ﻓﻌـﻞ اﳌﺴﺎﱂ‬ ِ
َ ‫اﳋﻔﺾ‬ َ ‫ﲡﺮون‬
‫ذﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫وأﻧﺘﻢ‬
ُ ‫اﳍﻮان‬
َ ‫اﻟﺮوم‬
ُ ‫ﺗﺴﻮﻣﻬﻢ‬
ُ
ِ
‫اﻟﺪﻋﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺪﻳﻦ واﻫﻰ‬
ُ ‫رﻣﺎﺣُﻬُﻢ‬
َ ‫أرى أﻣﺘﻲ ﻻ ُﻳﴩﻋﻮن اﱃ اﻟﻌﺪى‬
wkqv ev‡Zbx fveavivq KZ©…Z¡ jv‡fi †Póv
ِ
‫ﺑﺎﳌﺤﺎرم‬ ً ‫ َﺿﱡﻨﻮا‬,‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻏﲑة‬ ً
‫ﲪﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺘُﻬُﻢ إذﱂ ﻳﺬودوا‬
َ

1. Ievq`x (297-567 wnRix)

AkÖ“ Avi cvwb Avgiv GKvKvi K‡iwQ|
Kv‡RB Avgv‡`i c¶ †_‡K Avi `qvi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| 2. eyqvBnx
hy‡×i Av¸b hLb `vD `vD K‡i R¡‡j D‡V, 3. Kviv‡gZv m¤úÖ`vq
ZLb gvbyl †h AkÖ“ cÖevwnZ K‡i,
Zv-B nj me‡P‡q wbK…ó A¯¿| 4. eby nvg`vb
myZivs †n Bmjv‡gi mš—vbiv! †Zvgv‡`i †cQ‡b i‡q‡Q 5. wnj−vq Avmv`xiv
Ggb me NUbvcÖevn, hv cÖvYxi m‡½ ms‡hvM NUvq AkÖ“i|
Zzwg wK kvwš— I wbivcËvi QvqvZ‡j Zv Kvgbv KiQ ? 6. Bqvgv‡b myjvBnx m¤úÖ`vq (429-492 wnRix)
Kvgbv KiQ Zzwg myL- ¯^v”Q‡›`¨i Rxe‡b Zv, †hb e„‡¶i Qvqvq Av‡jvi 7. djvdj I wk¶v
g‡Zv|
Avi †Zvgv‡`i åvZviv kvg †`‡k wemR©b w`‡”Q Zv‡`i wekÖvg,
RevBKvixi c„ô ev eo eo D`‡ii g‡Zv|
jvwÃZ †ivg Zv‡`i‡K j¶¨¯’‡j cwiYZ Ki‡Q Avi †Zvgiv ;
AvQ webqxi †e‡k mwÜ ¯’vcbKvixi g‡Zv AvPiY K‡i|
Avwg †`LwQ Avgvi †jvK‡`i‡K, Zviv QyU‡Q bv kΓ-cv‡b,
Zv‡`i Zxi-ek©v, hLb wKbv `x‡bi wfwË wbZvš— `ye©j|
hw` Zviv bv n‡Zv, Z‡e `x‡bi cÖwZ‡iva n‡Zv bv|
Z‡e‡Zv Cl©vKvZi n‡q Zviv K…cYZv Ki‡Zv nvivg K‡g©|

53 54
wkqv Ges ev‡Zbx fveavivq KZ©…Z¡ jv‡fi †Póv
wnRix PZz_© kZvãx m‡egvÎ ïi“ n‡q‡Q| G mgq GLv‡b-†mLv‡b wkqv iv‡óªi
D™¢e N‡U, †hb cvwbi Dci †Z‡ji †dvUv Avi wK! AZtci Zv we¯—Z … Avi
cÖk¯— n‡Z _v‡K| GgbwK `k©‡Ki wbKU cÖwZfvZ nq †h, gymwjg we‡k¦i
†ewkifvM A‡ji DciB Zv‡`i KZ©Z … ¡ Pj‡Q|
AwaKvsk kn‡i wkqv‡`i nuvK-Wv‡K mvov †`Iqvi †jvK ˆZqvi Kivq
Zv‡`i AvnŸvb mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i| m‡›`n †bB †h, †K›`ªxq †Ljvd‡Zi
`ye©jZv, `~i `~ivš— ev cve©Z¨ A‡j wkqv cÖPviK‡`i Drmvn, Kg©ZrciZv,
cwieZ©‡bi cÖwZ gvby‡li AvMÖn, b~Zb ivóª Avi bZzb cwievi †`Lvi Rb¨
Zv‡`i e¨vMÖZv- e¨vKzjZv- Gme n‡”Q Zv‡`i D™¢‡ei KviY| wkqv ag© g‡Zi
GKRb Av‡jg m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q HwZnvwmK Be‡b Kvmxi G
cÖgv‡Yi D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb .
Beby bygvb iv‡dhx‡`i kvmb, Zv‡`i c‡¶ IKvjZKvwi, Avkcv‡ki
†`k¸‡jvi kvmK‡`i wbKU Zvi wQj gh©v`v Avi m¤§vb| KviY, †mKv‡ji
A‡b‡KB Suz‡K c‡o wkqv ag©g‡Zi cÖwZ| Zvi AmsL¨ Qv·`i g‡a¨ kixd
ihx Avi gyZvhvI wQ‡jb|1
Avj−vni B”Qvq Gme iv‡óªi cÖ‡Z¨KwU m¤ú‡K© Avgiv msw¶ß Av‡jvPbv
Kie| Gme iv‡óªi Aw¯—Z¡ Bmjvg Avi gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ ¶wZKi wQj wKbv,
Avgiv †m wel‡qI ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Kie| gymjgvb‡`i cÖew„ × Avi kZav
wew”QbœZvq Gme wkqv ivóª f~wgKv cvjb K‡iwQj wKbv, Zv-I Av‡jvPbv
Kie| Gme wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv Øviv wnRix PZz_© kZvãx Ges Zrci eZ©x
Kv‡j gymwjg mgv‡Ri mvaviY Ae¯’vi GKUv wPÎ cvV‡Ki m¤§y‡L cwiùzU
n‡q DV‡e|
1 4
Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 17|
55
1. Ievq`x m¤ú`ªvq (wnRix 297-567 mvj)
†Ljvd‡Zi `ye©jZvi my‡hvM wb‡q †Mvcb Av‡›`vjb Avi ¸ß ZrciZv
Pi‡g †cuŠ‡Q Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ GKUv ivóª cÖwZôvi KvR Zxeª MwZ‡Z Pj‡Z
_v‡K| G Av‡›`vjb Ggb GKUv Avei‡Y gvbyl‡K weåvš— K‡i, hvi evwn¨K
iƒc wQj wkqv BR‡gi cÖPvi Avi Aš—wb©wnZ j¶¨ wQj wbQK Kzdwi, Z_v bvw¯—
K¨ev` cÖwZôv Kiv| mvwgqv kni2 †_‡K †h †Mvcb BmgvCjx Av‡›`vj‡bi
m~Pbv n‡qwQj, Zv Ômvwgqv‡K †K›`ª K‡i DËi Avwd«Kvq De©i f~wg AwaKvi
Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Zviv c‡_i KuvUv Acmvi‡Yi gva¨‡g †¶Î cÖ¯‘Z K‡i|
G‡`i g~j †bZv wQj ûmvBb Be‡b Avngv` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b RvKvwiqv
QvbAvbx| hvi Dcvwa wQj Avey Avãyj−vn| wkqv ag©g‡Zi cÖPviK wn‡m‡e †m
cwiwPZ wQj| Zvi cwiPq wb‡q Rvbv hvq †h, †jvKwU wQj AwZ ayiÜi|
wbt¯^ Avi wbtm½ Ae¯’vq wbZvš— GKvKx †m Avwd«Kvq cÖ‡ek K‡i wb‡Ri
†Póvi e‡`Šj‡Z Avwd«Kvi gvwjK e‡b e‡m3| wbR wgk‡bi Kv‡R Zvi ¸i“
wQj Be‡b nvIkve| ¸i“ Zv‡K wkwL‡q †`q †h, n‡Ri gImy‡g gi‡°vi
KvZvgv †Mv‡Îi m‡½ †Mvc‡b wgwjZ n‡e| Zv‡`i m‡½ wgwjZ n‡q †Mvc‡b
Zv‡`i‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z PvjvwKi †Rv‡i †m m¶g nq| †m Zv‡`i Ávb-
eyw× wb‡q †Ljv ïi“ K‡i| †m Zv‡`i‡K PgrK…Z K‡i †Zv‡j Ges Zv‡`i
m‡½ Zv‡`i †`‡k Mgb K‡i| KvZvgv Ges Ab¨vb¨ m¤úÖ`vq Zvi cÖwZ AvK…ó
n‡q D‡V| Zviv Ab¨vb¨ †Mv‡Îi m‡½ jovB‡qi cÖe„Ë nq| d‡j ga¨ gi‡°vi
kni¸‡jvi cZb N‡U| Gme kn‡ii g‡a¨ mvRgvmv, wgjv, ZvnvivZ Ges
wiKv`v BZ¨vw`i bvg D‡j−L‡hvM¨| †¶Î cÖ¯‘Z K‡i w¯’i nIqvi ci
Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv‡K †mLv‡b AvMgb K‡i `vwqZ¡ fvi MÖnY Kivi Rb¨
AvnŸvb Rvbvq| †Kvb †Kvb HwZnvwm‡Ki g‡Z GB †bZv wQj Ievq`yj−vn|
†m cviwmK es‡kv™¢yZ ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq fy³ Avãyj−vn Be‡b gvqgyb Avj-
dv`vnv- Gi eskai| Avevi †KD †KD e‡jb, †m wQj ûmvBb Be‡b gynv¤§`
Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Avãyj−vn Be‡b gvqgyb Avj- dv`vn Gi cvjK cyÎ|4
wKš‘ †m wb‡R‡K ivm~j Zbqv dv‡Zgv iv. Gi eskai e‡j `vwe Ki‡Zv|
AwaKvsk Av‡jg, HwZnvwmK Ges esk wekvi` Zvi G `vwe A¯^xKvi
K‡ib| wmwiqv Z¨v‡Mi ci Pig AvZ¥‡Mvcb †_‡K Ievq`yj−vn wb®‹w… Z jvf
K‡i| G Ae¯’vq †m gi‡°v †cuŠ‡Q| wKš‘ mvRgvmvi kvmbKZ©v Zv‡K
2
wmwiqvq †ngwZ kn‡ii `w¶‡Yi GKUv MÖvg|
3
`ªóe¨- Be‡b Lv‡jKvb t Iqvwd`vZzj AvÕhvb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 192|
ZvixLyj Kv‡gj t LÛ 8, c„ôv- 36|
56
†MÖdZvi Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q nZ¨v bv K‡i KvivMv‡i AvUK iv‡L| GUv wQj
Zvi GK Pig fyj| AZtci wkqv ag©g‡Zi Abymvix Avey Avãyj−vn Zv‡K
KvivMvi †_‡K gy³ Ki‡Z m¶g nq Ges wkqv ag©gZ cÖPv‡ii †bZv wnmv‡e
RbM‡Yi mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z K‡i| Giv Zvi nv‡Z kc_I K‡i| †m wb‡R gvn`x
Dcvwa aviY K‡i| †mB wQj Ievqw`qv iv‡óªi cÖwZôvZv, hv dv‡Zgx kvmK
†Mvôx bv‡g BwZnv‡m cwiwPZ| D™¢e †_‡K cZb ch©š— Ievq`x ev dv‡Zgx
iv‡óªi Dc¯’vcb Kiv Avgv‡`i j¶¨ bq| Zv‡`i Kg©KvÊ Ges Avn‡j mybœvn
m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i f~wgKvi cÖwZ Avgiv ïay cvVK gn‡ji `„wó AvKl©Y Kie|
Bmjv‡gi gvb`‡Ê Avgiv Zv‡`i g~j¨vqb Kie, cÖ‡qvRb Abycv‡Z Zv‡`i‡K
IRb Kie gvÎ|
Ievq`x ivóª GKUv ev‡Zbx ivóª, dv‡Zgx bq| †Kej gvÎ Avgv‡`i bq,
eis D¤§‡Zi AwaKvsk Av‡j‡giB G gZ| hviv Zv‡`i eskaviv m¤ú‡K©
wePvi we‡k−lY K‡i‡Qb, hviv Zv‡`i Aš—wb©wnZ inm¨ Avi j¶¨-D‡Ïk¨
m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Zb, Zv‡`i eskaviv mwVK Ges wbf©yj n‡q _vK‡j †Kb Zviv
Zv †LvjvLywj e¨³ K‡iwb? Zviv‡Zv wgki, wmwiqv Ges DËi Avwd«Kvi
kvmb-KZ©…Z¡ jvf K‡iwQj| ZLb Zv‡`i wQj †`v`©Ê cÖZvc, AcÖwZnZ kw³
Avi AcÖwZ‡iva¨ `vcU| Zviv Kv‡`i‡K fq †c‡Zv? †Kb Zviv e‡jwb .
Avgv‡`i cÖvY bvk n‡Z cv‡i- G Avk¼vq †Mvcb Av‡›`vjb Kv‡j Avgiv
esk aviv †Mvcb ivL‡Z eva¨ wQjvg| wgki we‡RZv Zv‡`i ivRv Be‡b
ZvevZvev, hvi Dcvwa wQj Avj-gyBh Avj- Ievq`x, kixd Zuv‡K eskaviv
m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Ki‡j Zievwi †Kvl gy³ K‡i wZwb Reve †`b . GUvB n‡”Q
Avgvi eskaviv GB e‡j wZwb ¯^Y© Qovb| Gevi wZwb e‡jb; GUvB n‡”Q
Avgvi esk cwiPq|5 Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© Kwe h_v_©B e‡j‡Qb t6
‫ُﻳﺘﲆ ﻋﲆ اﳌﻨﱪ ﰱ اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬ ً
‫ﻣﻨﻜﺮا‬ ‫ﻧﺴًﺒﺎ‬
َ ‫إﻧﺎ ﺳﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻓﺎذﻛﺮ أًﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﻷب اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ ً
‫ﺻﺎدﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﻓﻴﲈ ﱠﺗﺪﻋﻲ‬
َ ‫إن‬
Avgiv ïb‡Z cvB wg_¨v es‡ki K_v|
gmwR‡`i wg¤^‡i hv cvV Kiv nq|
†Zvgvi `vwe‡Z Zzwg mZ¨ev`x n‡q _vK‡j,
PZz_© cyi“‡li ci †K ej‡`wL †n!
5 7
IqvwdqvZzj AvÕBqvb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 80
6
nq‡Zv Zvi eskaviv gvÕgyb Avj-KvnvB ch©š— †cŠuQ‡e e‡jB Zv Avi evovq bv|
57
Av›`vjywmqvq DgvBqv es‡ki Lwjdv nvKvg Be‡b Avãyi ingvb bv‡Qi-
Gi wbKU Avhxh Ievq`x Zv‡K Mvj-g›` Avi wb›`v K‡i wj‡Lb- Mvj-g‡›`i
Rev‡e PviUv K_v ejv Avwg h‡_ó g‡b Kwi: Zzwg Avgv‡`i‡K Rvb, ZvB
wb›`v Ki| Avgiv †Zvgv‡`i Rvb‡j Aek¨B Reve w`Zvg|7 Av‡iv GKUv
welq we‡eP¨| †m cwieviwU †h bex Kb¨v dv‡Zgvi cwievi n‡e- Zv
cÖKw… ZMZ fv‡eB Am¤¢e, Aev¯—e- dv‡Zgv iv. Gi cwiev‡ii Rb¨ Ges
Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ GUv n‡e `ytL Avi Kj¼| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †Kvb e¨w³i
D™¢e n‡e, whwb Zv‡`i‡K Avmj eskavivq wdwi‡q †b‡eb| Zuvi mZ¨ Drm
Zv‡K m‡Z¨i w`‡K wb‡q hv‡e| Z‡e GKUv cwievi m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c ev‡Z‡ji m‡½
MuvUQov euva‡e, Zv‡Zv n‡Z cv‡i bv| gynv¤§` Be‡b ZzgvZ© Gi AvnŸv‡b mvov
w`‡q gyIqvn‡n`xbiv gi‡°vq ivóª cÖwZôv K‡i| gynv¤§` Be‡b ZzgvZ© wb‡R
gvn`x Dcvwa aviY K‡i| ¶gZv cvKv‡cv³ Kivi Rb¨ †m wbnZ e¨w³‡`i
nvo nvwRi K‡i Ges bvbv A‡jŠwKK Kg©Kv‡Êi `vweI Dc¯’vcb K‡i|
Gici Zvi m½x Ges Zvic‡i wØZxq e¨w³ gy'‡g‡bi cwievi †`k kvmb
K‡i| Avãyj gy'‡g‡bi es‡k Ggb me kvm‡Ki D™¢e nq, hviv Be‡b ZzgvZ©
Gi gvn`x Avi gvmyg nIqvi `vwe †g‡b wb‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| AZtci
nv‡kgx es‡ki D™¢e nq Ges Zviv Av›`vjy‡m kvmb Kvh© Pvjvq| hviv evby-
nvg`yb bv‡g cwiwPZ| Zvevwi¯—v‡b evby nvmvb Be‡b hv‡q` kvmb Kvh©
Pvjvq| †KD Zv‡`i eskaviv A¯^xKvi K‡iwb| Ievqw`qvi kvmb KZ©v‡`i
g‡Zv AvPiYI Zviv K‡iwb| Avgiv G‡`i Ggb me Kg©KvÊ †`L‡Z cvB,
hv‡Z Zv‡`i exfrm PwiÎ Avi DrKU Aš—ivZ¥vi cwiPq cvIqv hvq| Avgiv
†`L‡Z cv‡ev †h, Zviv wQj gymjgvb‡`i Mjvi KuvUv Ges gy'‡gb‡`i Dci
†P‡c emv GKUv Avc`| myjZvb mvjvnDÏx‡bi nv‡Z Zv‡`i cZb Avi
b¨vqcivqY kvmb b~i“Ïx‡bi wb‡`©kµ‡g Zv‡`i cZb n‡j ZLb Avi Zv‡`i
†Kvb AvjvgZB Aewkó _v‡K bv .
ِ َ ‫اﻷرض ﻣﺎ‬ ِ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ ْ ‫ﺧﺒﻴﺜﺔ ُ ﱠ‬
ٍ ٍ ََ
ٍ َ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
٢٦ :‫﴾ اﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬٢٦﴿ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ْ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ َ ِ ْ َ ْ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ْ ‫اﺟﺘﺜﺖ‬ ْ َ ِ َ ‫ﻛﺸﺠﺮة‬
َ َ
Ò†hgb †bvsiv e„¶, hv‡K gvwUi Dci †_‡K Dc‡o †djv n‡q‡Q Gi †Kvb
w¯’wZ †bB (m~iv Beivnxg : 26)
Zv‡`i Kg©KvÊ Avi Aš—wb©wnZ in‡m¨i wKQy `„óvš— GLv‡b †ck Kiv n‡”Q
.
AvQ QvbvnvRx eby Ievq` es‡ki kvmK‡`i K_v, c„ôv- 96| nv‡dh hvnvex Zvix‡L Bmjvg MÖ‡š’
e‡jb t †m iv‡dRx n‡jI‡Zv n‡Zv, wKš‘ Avm‡j †m‡Zv wh›`xK|
58
 1. Ievq`yj−vni Acivag~jK Kg©Kv‡Êi GKwU n‡”Q . Zvi †Nvov
gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i| Zvi †jvKRb‡K ejv nq . Kxfv‡e †Zvgiv gmwR‡`
†Nvov cÖ‡ek Kiv‡j? Rev‡e Zviv e‡j: Zvi gj-g~Î cvK, KviY, Zv gvn`xi
†Nvov| gmwR‡`i Kg©KZ©viv G K_vi cÖwZev` Ki‡j Zv‡`i‡K gvn`xi
`iev‡i wb‡q nZ¨v Kiv nq| Zvi m¤ú‡K© Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb . †kl Rxe‡b
Ievq`yj−vn GK exfrm e¨vwa‡Z Avµvš— nq| Zvi ¸n¨Øv‡i KxU †`Lv †`q|
Gme GKwU GKwU Aš¿ †K‡U †K‡U †L‡Z _v‡K| g„Z¨z ch©š— G Ae¯’v Pj‡Z
_v‡K|8 Avey kvgv Ievq`yj−vn m¤ú‡K© e‡jb . †m wQj LvexQ wh›`xK Ges
Bmjv‡gi `ykgb| wkqv ag©g‡Z wek¦vmx e‡j Rvwni Ki‡Zv| wgj−v‡Z
Bmjvwgi webv‡k †m wQj AvMÖnx| dKxn, gynvwÏm Ges wecyj msL¨K
†jvK‡K †m nZ¨v K‡i| Zvi mš—vbivI †mfv‡eB M‡o D‡V| my‡hvM †c‡j
Zviv H iƒc KvR Ki‡Zv, Ab¨_vq †Mvcb ivL‡Zv|9
2. gbmyi Be‡b Avhxh, hi Dcvwa wQj A nv‡Kg weAvgwij−vn, Zvi
wb‡`©‡k Kvq‡iv kni R¡vwj‡q †`Iqv nq| d‡j Kvq‡ivi Awaevmxiv
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai D‡Ï‡k¨ †ewi‡q c‡o| kvmbKZ©v Ievq` Ges Zvi ˆmb¨‡`i
m‡½ †NviZi msNl© nq| evoxN‡i Av¸b R¡‡j| d‡j nv‡Kg Ievq` cÖwZw`b
†ei n‡q G `„k¨ †`‡L †Ku‡` †Ku‡` ej‡Zv . Ievq`‡`i m‡½ Ggb AvPi
Kivi G wb‡`©k †K w`‡q‡Q? †m wb‡R †ewi‡q Avmvi K_v cÖKvk Ki‡Zv, †h
†m Dfq c‡¶i g‡a¨ we‡”Q` Pv‡”Q|10
Avi Gme GgbB ZrciZv, hv ev‡Zbxiv Qvov Ab¨ †KD wek¦vm
Ki‡Zvbv| G †¶‡Î hv‡`i AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q, Avi hv‡`i i‡³i m‡½
ev‡Zbx‡`i i³ wg‡k †M‡Q| G hy‡Mi A_©vr wnRix 15k kZ‡Ki †KD
ev‡Zbx‡`i Gme Kg©ZrciZvi e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cvi‡e bv| G e¨vL¨v w`‡Z †M‡j
Zv‡`i BwZnvm m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e| †jv‡Kiv AevK n‡e Avi we¯§q cÖKvk
Ki‡e †h, Kxfv‡e †jevb‡b ev‡Zbxiv wdwjw¯—bx‡`i‡K gvi w`‡”Q| Gici
Avevi ZvivB wdwjw¯—bx‡`i Rb¨ gvqvKvbœv Kuv`‡Q| ZvivB Avevi `ykgb‡`i
m‡½ hy× Kivi AvMÖn cÖKvk Ki‡Q Ges wdwjw¯—bx f~wg gy³ Kivi Lv‡qk
Rvwni Ki‡Q! Kxfv‡e Zviv Avn‡j mybvœ n‡K gvi w`‡”Q Ges RvZxqZvi aŸRv
D‡Ëvjb Ki‡Q| hviv BwZnvm Aa¨qb K‡i bv, †m me Ae‡PZbiv Avevi
wKbv Gme `vwe‡Z wek¦vmI Ki‡Q!
8
AvQ-QvbnvRx t eby Ievq`y kvmK‡`i K_v, c„ôv- 27|
9
Avi ivIhvZvBb dx A evwi` `vIjvZvBb, c„ôv- 201|
10
Avj-‡e`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv-11|
59
3. Ievq`x‡`i BwZnvm hviv Aa¨qb K‡i‡Q, Zviv †Kej Zv‡`i
ivR‰bwZK BwZnvm Qvov Avi wKQyB Rv‡b bv| Zviv †Kej GZUzKzB Rv‡b
†h, AgyK cÖ¯v’ b K‡i‡Q Avi AgyK Zvi ¯’jvwfwl³ n‡q‡Q| Ievq`x‡`i
m¤ú‡K© Zviv †Kej GUvB Rv‡b †h, Giv Ávb- weÁvb‡K fv‡jvev‡m Avi
Zvi we¯—vi NUvq| G‡`i D‡Ïk¨ `k©b welqK MÖš’ cÖPvi Kiv| hviv
Av‡jg‡`i Rxebx iPbv Avi Av‡jvPbv K‡ib, Zviv Qvov GK_v Avi †KD
e‡j bv †h, Gme Rvwjgiv Avn‡j mybœvni Av‡jg‡`i cÖwZ n¯— cÖmvwiZ
K‡i‡Q| I‡`i i‡³ wb‡R‡`i n¯— iwÄZ K‡i‡Q| eis †hme QvÎiv
Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm cvV K‡i, Zviv gvAv` Be‡b BmgvC‡ji K_vI D‡j−L
K‡i, hvi Dcvwa wQj gyBh& . Zv Ggb fw½‡Z D‡j−L K‡i, †hb †m BwZnv‡mi
†Kvb gnvb wn‡iv| †hb †m-B Kvq‡iv bMixi cËb K‡i‡Q Ges Avj-
AvRnv‡ii wfwË ¯’vcb K‡i‡Q| eis Kvq‡iv‡K Zvi bv‡gi m‡½ hy³ K‡i
Zviv e‡j gyBh&- Gi Kvq‡iv| A_P . †mbvcwZ RvIni wgmievmx‡`i
A½xKvi MÖnY K‡ib †h, mybœvni cÖwZ AwePj _vKvi Rb¨ Zviv cÖ‡qvR‡b
¯^vaxbZv wemR©b w`‡ZI wØav‡eva Ki‡e bv| wKš‘ ˆmb¨iv hLb †`‡k cÖ‡ek
K‡i k³ n‡q e‡m Ges gyBR Kvq‡ivq wd‡i Av‡m, ZLb Avi G A½xKvi
ev¯—evqb Kiv nqwb| eis ZLb dv‡Zgxiv wgkixq‡`i‡K D‡¯‹ w`‡Z ΓwU
K‡iwb|11 GB wek¦vmNvZK gyBhB cÖL¨vZ Av‡jg Avey eKi bvejmx‡K †n¯—
‡b¯— K‡ib, hLb D³ Av‡jg‡K gyBR Gi m¤§y‡L Dcw¯’Z Kiv nq Ges
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wbæiƒc K‡_vcK_b nq: gyBR . Zzwg bv †m e¨w³, †h e‡j
Avgvi Kv‡Q `kwU Zxi _vK‡j bqwU †ivgvb‡`i cÖwZ wb‡¶c KiZvg Ges
GKwU wb‡¶c KiZvg wgmwi‡`i (Ievq`x) cÖwZ?
kvqL . bv, eis Avwg †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ bqwU Zxi wb‡¶c KiZvg Avi
GKwU wb‡¶c KiZvg †ivgvb‡`i cÖwZ|
. †Kb?
. KviY †Zvgiv gymwjg D¤§vi `x‡b cwieZ©b mvab K‡iQ, †bKKvi
†jvK‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡iQ Ges †Zvgiv Avj−vni Av‡jv‡K wbe©vwcZ K‡iQ|
ZLb G gnvb Av‡jg‡K PveyK gviv nq| AZtci Zuvi Mv‡qi Pvgov
wQ‡j †djv nq| Ae‡k‡l Zuv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| Avi G KvRwU K‡i GKRb
Bûw`| Rvwjg‡`i Dci Avj−vni jvÕbZ|
G‡`i nv‡Z †hme Av‡jg‡K Rxeb w`‡Z nq, evivKv kn‡ii KvwR
gynv¤§` Be‡b ûejv Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg| evivKv kn‡ii kvmK KvwRi wbKU
11
Avng` Avgxb : `yn Bmjvg, cÖ_g LÛ, c„ôv- 193|
60
AvMgb K‡i e‡j- AvMvgx Kvj C` n‡e| KvwR ej‡jb, Puv` bv †`L‡j C`
n‡e bv| gvbyl †ivRv fvO‡e bv| †Rvic~e©K C` Kiv‡j cv‡ci `vwqZ¡ enb
Ki‡Z n‡e †Zvgv‡K| Gici kvmK C‡`i cÖ¯‘wZ ïi“ K‡i| KvwR ej‡jb .
Avwg †ei ne bv Ges bvgvRI cove bv| Ievq`yj−vni †`ŠwnÎ gbmyi Ievq`x
KvwR‡K Zje K‡i ej‡jb . Zzwg c`Z¨vM Ki, Avwg †Zvgv‡K ¶gv K‡i
†`‡ev| wZwb c`Z¨vM Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡jb| d‡j Zuv‡K m~‡h©i Zv‡c `»
K‡i kvw¯— †`qvi wb‡`©k †`qv nq| †iŠ‡`ªi Zv‡c QUdU Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wZwb
Bwš—Kvj K‡ib| wccvmvq KvZi n‡q cvwb PvB‡j Zuv‡K cvwb cvb Kiv‡Z
A¯^xKvi Kiv nq| AZtci Zuvi jvk Szwj‡q ivLv nq| Rvwjg‡`i cÖwZ
Avj−vni jvÕbZ|12
Zv‡`i nv‡Z wbnZ Av‡jg‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡iKRb n‡”Qb Bgvg Bebyj
evi`~b| Bwb Avey Imgvb Bebyj nvÏv` Gi wkl¨ wQ‡jb| wkqv gZvej¤^x
Avey Avãyj−vn Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i| Zuv‡K nZ¨vi Rb¨ cÖ¯Z‘ Kivi ci wRÁvmv
Kiv nq . Zzwg wK †Zvgvi ag© wek¦vm Z¨vM Ki‡e? wZwb cvjUv cÖkœ Ki‡jb .
Avwg wK Bmjvg Z¨vM Kie? AZtci Zuv‡K k~jx we× K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq|
wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb L¨vZbvgv Av‡jg Avj−vn Zuvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b|13
Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ Avi GKRb wQ‡jb Bgvg Avey RvÕdi gynv¤§` Be‡b LvBiƒb
Avj-gvMvwdix| Ievq`yj−vn gvn`xi wb‡`©kµ‡g †mbvevwnbxi m`m¨iv Pig
wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i| Gi KviY wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb LuvwU
gyRvwn`| Ievq`yj−vn Ges Zvi ˆmb¨‡`i‡K wZwb N„Yv Ki‡Zb|14
Ievq`x‡`i wei“‡× wec−‡e †h me Av‡jg AskMÖnY K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡`i
g‡a¨ Aci GKRb n‡”Qb Aveyj Avie gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Zvgxg
Avj- gvM‡iex| Avey Bqvhx` Lv‡iRxi wei“‡× we‡`ªv‡n wZwb AskMÖnY
K‡ib| Avn‡j mybvœ ni Av‡jgMb ej‡Zb . Kvwdi Ievq`x‡`i wei“‡×
we‡`ªv‡n Avgiv Avn‡j wKejv A_©vr Lv‡iwR‡`i m‡½ GK †hv‡M KvR Ki‡Z
cvwi|
nv‡dR kvgmyÏxb Avh-hvnvex e‡jb . Ievq` es‡ki wei“‡× hy× Kiv
m¤ú‡K© gi‡°vi Av‡jgMb GKgZ| KviY, H Av‡jgMb Ievq`x‡`i g‡a¨
¯úó Kzdwi cÖZ¨¶ K‡ib, hvi †Kvb e¨vL¨vi AeKvk †bB| G wel‡q Avwg
A‡bK BwZnvm NuvUvNuvwU K‡iwQ| BwZnv‡mi mKj NUbvB Gi ¯^c‡¶ gZ
12
nv‡dh kvgmyÏxb hvnvex t wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev, LÛ- 15, c„ôv- 374|
13
nv‡dh hvnvex t wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev, LÛ- 14, c„ôv- 216|
14
nv‡dh hvnvex t wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev, LÛ- 14, c„ôv- 217|
61
†`q| Ievq`yj−vni cyÎ Kv‡qm Gi wei“‡× msMÖvg Kivi Rb¨ A‡bK Av‡jg
Ges Avwe` Avey Bqvhx` Lv‡iRxi m‡½ GK †RvU n‡q ewnM©Z nb| Zuviv
e‡jb . hviv Avn‡j †Kejv bq, Zv‡`i wei“‡× msMÖv‡g Avgiv mKj †Kejv
cš’xiv GK †RvU n‡q KvR Ki‡Z cwi| 15
wnRix 381 mv‡ji NUbvejx‡Z †`Lv hvq, R‰bK wgkixq e¨w³‡K cÖnvi
K‡i iv¯—vq iv¯—vq †Nviv‡bv nq| Zvi Aciva GB †h, Zuvi Kv‡Q Bgvg
gv‡jK msKwjZ nvw`m MÖš’ gyqvËv cvIqv †M‡Q|16 wewkó ZvwK©K Ges
Av‡jg gynv¤§` Be‡b nvmvb Avj- nvRex ej‡Zb . Avi‡ei Rvwjg ee©iiv
¶gZvq AwawôZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Kvq‡ivqvb, wZDwbwmqv Ges Avj‡Rixqvi
A‡bK A‡j gv‡jwK gvRnve cÖPvi n‡Z cv‡iwb| dv‡Zgxiv Gme ee©i‡K
wgki †_‡K weZvwoZ K‡i †hb Zv‡`i‡K AvRv‡ei †Nvovi g‡Zv PveyK †g‡i
Zvwo‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| d‡j Gme ee©iiv 449 wnRix‡Z Kvq‡ivqvb kni
aŸsm K‡i †mLvb †_‡K Av‡jg †`i‡K wbe©vwmZ K‡i| A‡b‡KB Zv‡`i
wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi n‡q g„Z¨z eiY K‡ib|17
Ievq`x‡`i AvK¡x`v-wek¦vm Ges Kviv‡gZv‡`i m‡½ †hvMm~Î
†hme MÖš’Kvi, gynv‡Ïmxb Ievq`x ivóª m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Qb, Zuviv †Kej
Zv‡`i ivR‰bwZK Rxeb PwiZ wjwce× K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡Q ev `~‡i †_‡K Zv‡`i
kvmK‡`i RNb¨ wek¦vm m¤ú‡K© Zviv †Kvb Av‡jvPbvB K‡ibwb| Zuviv
GK_vI e‡jb bv †h, Zviv Avm‡j wQj ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jvK, hw`I Zviv
Zv A¯^xKvi Ki‡Zv| KviY, †h RvwZ‡K Zviv kvmb Ki‡Zv, Zv‡`i m¤§y‡L
Zviv ÔZvwKqvÕ bxwZ cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Zv| myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex ¶gZv
MÖnY Kivi ci Ievq`x‡`i me©‡kl kvmK Avj- Av‡h`-Gi Dci nvgjv
Pvwj‡q Zv‡K nZ¨v Kivi e¨vcv‡i Av‡jg mgv‡Ri wbKU d‡ZvIqv Zje
K‡ib| Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e e‡j Av‡jgMb d‡ZvIqv `vb K‡i‡Qb|
KviY, Av‡h` Ges Zvi m½x-mv_x‡`i AvK¡x`v-wek¦v‡m weK…wZ-wePz¨wZ
N‡UwQj| G d‡ZvIqv `v‡b kvqL bvRgyÏxb Lveykvbx wQ‡jb AZ¨š— K‡Vvi
bxwZi †jvK| wZwb G‡`i GK GKwU KzKxwZ© ïgvi K‡i Zv‡`i Cgvb-B †bB
e‡j gZ cÖKvk K‡ib|18
15
nv‡dh hvnvex t wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev, LÛ- 15, c„ôv- 157|
16
`ynvj Bmjvg, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 195|
17
Avj wdKi“m mvgx dx ZvixwLj wdKwnj Bmjvgx, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 165|
18
Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb, LÛ- 3, c„ôv- 111|
62
 Zvi m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb e‡jb . Av‡h` wQj Pigcš’x
wkqv| mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi wb›`vev‡` †m wQj AZ¨š— K‡Vvi bxwZi Abymvix|
†Kvb mybœx gZvej¤^x‡K †`L‡Z †c‡jB Zvi i³ nvjvj e‡j g‡b Ki‡Zv|19
bvw¯—K Kviv‡gZv m¤úÖ`v‡qi m‡½ G‡`i wQj Mfxi m¤úK©| Dfq m¤úÖ`v‡qi
AvnŸvb Avi cÖPv‡ii g~j m~i wQj GK I Awfbœ| wgki `yM© Ae‡iv‡ai Lei
ï‡b dv‡Zgx Lwjdv gyBR Kviv‡gZv‡`i wbKU cÎ †cÖiY K‡i| G‡Z †m
wb‡Ri dwRjZ Avi K…wZZ¡ eY©bvi cvkvcvwk wb‡Ri cwievi-cwiR‡biI
K…wZZ¡ eY©bv K‡i e‡j †h, Kviv‡gZv Avi Avgv‡`i g~j AvnŸvb GK I
Awfbœ| Kviv‡gZviv G AvnŸvbB Rvwb‡q Avm‡Q e‡jI †m D‡j−L K‡i|20
Bgvg kv‡Zex e‡jb . Ievq`xqv‡`i gyB` n‡”Q Ab¨Zg `v¾vj| Giv
Avwd«Kvi kvmb KZ©Z … ¡ jvf K‡i| G‡`i m¤ú‡K© Kw_Z Av‡Q †h, Giv
gyqvhwhb‡K Avknv`y Avbœv gyBÏvb ivm~jyj−vn A_©vr ÒAvwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h,
gyB` Avj−vni ivm~jÓ ej‡Z eva¨ K‡i| gymjgvbiv †m gyqvhwhb‡K nZ¨v
Ki‡Z D`¨Z n‡j gyB` Zv‡K G wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q wKbv, Zv cÖgvY Kivi Zv‡K
gyB‡`i wbKU wb‡q hvIqv nq| Zv‡`i K_v †ck n‡j †m e‡j . Zv‡`i cÖwZ
AvRvb Quy‡o gvi| Zv‡`i cÖwZ Avj−vni jvÕbZ ewl©Z †nvK|21
Avey Zv‡ni Kviv‡gZx cweÎ g°v bMix‡Z Ak−xj AcKg© Pvjv‡Z D`¨Z
n‡j Ievq`yj−vn gvn`x †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †c‡i Zvi H D‡`¨v‡Mi wb›`v K‡i
Zv‡K wj‡L . Zzwg hv wKQy K‡iQ, Zvi Øviv Zzwg Avgv‡`i `j Avi Avgv‡`i
iv‡óªi cÖPviK‡`i Dci Kzdwi I bvw¯—K¨ev`x bvg Av‡ivc Ki‡j,
Avgv‡`i‡K Kv‡di Ges bvw¯—K e‡j cÖgvY Ki‡j22 evM`v‡` ev‡Zbx‡`i
ai-cvKo ïi“ n‡j R‰bK Kviv‡gZx e‡j . gynv¤§` Be‡b BmgvCj Be‡b
RvÕdi Qv‡`K Avgv‡`i Bgvg| wZwb gvn`x| gi‡°vq wZwb Ae¯’vb
Ki‡Qb|23
wnRix 414 mv‡ji NUbvejx cÖm‡½ Rvbv hvq †h, wgm‡i Ievq`x
kvmK‡`i GKRb fvix A¯¿ Øviv nvR‡i AvmIqv‡` AvNvZ nvb‡Z _v‡K|
Zvi Aci nv‡Z wQj Zievwi Ges †m ejwQj . nvR‡i AvmIqv`, gynv¤§`
19
Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb, LÛ- 3, c„ôv- 110|
20
Avj Kv‡gj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 638|
21
Avj BwZQvg, LÛ- 2, c„ôv-97|
22
Avj Kv‡gj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 208|
23
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 174|
63
Ges Avjxi KZ Kvj a‡i c~Rv Pj‡e? Bqv gv‡bi R‰bK nvwR Zvi Gme
K_v ï‡b w¶ß n‡q D‡Vb Ges d‡j LÄi Øviv Zv‡K Lyb K‡ib|24
Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© GUvB n‡”Q Avmj K_v| wimvjvZ Avi bex- ivm~j‡`i
cÖwZ Zv‡`i Cgvb †bB| Zv‡`i AvnŸv‡b wek¦vmx R‰bK e¨w³i e³e¨ †_‡K
G K_vi mZ¨Zvi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| gymwjg we‡k¦i w`‡K w`‡K nvkvkx
m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Kiv †h mš¿vm Avi fq-fxwZi exR ecb K‡i, Zv wQj wgm‡i
BmgvCjx Ievq`x‡`i Kg©Kv‡Êi dj| wgm‡i Avj-gvIZ `y‡M©i †bZv nvmvb
mveŸvn, Av‡jg -Ijvgv, Igviv Avi gyRvwn`‡`i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ †h †jvK
†cÖiY Ki‡Zv, wgm‡i Ievq`x‡`i nv‡ZB †m G `x¶v MÖnY K‡i| GB nvkvkx
m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡KivB Av‡jg - Ijvgv‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡i, hv‡`i m¤ú‡K© c~‡e©
Avgiv D‡j−L K‡iwQ| Avi kvg †`‡k `yiƒR Av‡›`vjbI Ievq`x kvmK‡`i
Kg©Kv‡Êi dj| Ievq`x kvmK‡`i‡K Zviv †Lv`v g‡b K‡i| Giv Rb¥vš—
iev‡` wek¦vmx| G‡`i ivR‰bwZK f~wgKv Kj¼gq| D³ A‡j ivRbxwZ
m¤ú‡K© weª‡Ub wQj Zv‡`i cÖwZ Av¯’vevb| BmivB‡ji m‡½ wdwjw¯—‡bi `yiƒR
MÖ“‡ci i‡q‡Q Nwbô Ges Mfxi m¤úK©| GgbwK G m¤úK© D‡j−L Kivi Rb¨
`yiƒR MÖ“‡ci †Kvb †Kvb †jLK e¨vKzj n‡q D‡V| Avi Zv‡`i m¤úK©
¯’vcb‡K ˆeaZv †`qvi Rb¨I Zviv cÖ‡Póv Pvq|25 eZ©gv‡bi m‡½ AZx‡Zi
†hvMm~Î cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv GLv‡b Zv‡`i †Kej GKUv f~wgKvi D‡j−L
Kie, 1982 mv‡j BmivCj `w¶Y †jevb‡b nvgjv Pvwj‡q ˆei“Z ch©š—
†cuŠ‡Q hvq| mybœxœ gymjgvbiv G nvgjvi cÖwZev` K‡i Ges Zv‡`i hv A¯¿k¯¿
Av‡Q, Zv w`‡q cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| wKš‘ `yiƒR MÖ“c Av‡`Š †Kvb cÖwZ‡iv‡ai
†PóvB Pvjvqwb| wdwjw¯—b gyw³ ms¯’vi R‰bK †bZv ¯úó e‡jb . †kl hy‡×
`yi“Riv †Kvb †PóvB Pvjvqwb, A_P Zv‡`i nv‡Z wQj DbœZgv‡bi A¯¿k¯¿|26
†Kvb iKg cÖwZ‡iva QvovB BmivBjx ˆmb¨‡`i GKUv `j kvId AÂj ch©š—
†cuŠ‡Q hvq| `yiƒR MÖ“‡ci †bZv gynv¤§` Avey †kvKiv R‰bK gvwK©b
mvsevw`‡Ki m‡½ GK mv¶vrKv‡i ¯^xKvi K‡ib . BmivBjx ˆmb¨iv `yiƒR‡`i
wQwb‡q †bqv AwaKvi wdwi‡q †`qvi e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv K‡i‡Q|
Zv‡`i gš¿x eM©
24
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- R,9, c„ôv- 332|
25
Avie-BmivCj msNvZ, Bmjvgx `„wófw½|
26
Kz‡q‡Zi ÔAvj-gyRZvgvÕ mvgwqKxi m‡½ mv¶vrKvi 16/11/82|
64
 kvmbKvh© cwiPvjbvq Ievq`xiv, Bûw`-bvQviv Ges Pigcš’x wkqv‡`i
mnvqZv MÖnY K‡i| Zv‡`i GKRb cÖwm× gš¿x GqvKze Be‡b Kvjm wQj
Bûw` esk™¢Zy | e`i Rvgx Ges Zvi cyÎ AvKg wQj GKRb wkqv| Zv‡`i
iv‡óª GUvB wQj ˆewkó¨| GRb¨ †KD Zv‡`i‡K Cl©v Ki‡Zvbv| Avm‡j Zviv
gymwjg Rvnvb MÖvm Kivi cwiKíbv Avu‡U| G †¶‡Î Zv‡`i Kv‡Q gva¨‡gi
†Kvb ¸i“Z¡ wQj bv| Kvi Kv‡Q †_‡K mvnvh¨ †bIqv n‡”Q, Zv †`L‡Zv bv
Zviv| †hgb mv¤úÖwZK Kv‡j Avgiv †Lv‡gbx Ges Zvi `j‡K †`L‡Z cvB|
G‡`i K‡qKRb gš¿x m¤ú‡K© bgybv ¯^iƒc wKQyUv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡”Q|
1. BqvÕKze Be‡b Kvjm
AvRxR Dcvwa avix †bhv‡ii kvmbvg‡j BqvKze wQj cÖ_g gš¿x| Zvi
m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Be‡b Avmv‡Ki e‡jb .
evM`v‡`i evwm›`v‡`i g‡a¨ †m wQj GKRb LvexQ Bûw`| ayiÜi G
†jvKwU A‡bK PvjvwK Rvb‡Zv| Kvdzi AvLkxw`i kvmbvg‡j †m wgm‡i
AvMgb K‡i| Zvi g‡a¨ cvKv eyw×gËv j¶¨ K‡i Kvdzi ej‡jb . †jvKwU
hw` gymjgvb n‡Zv Zvn‡j Zvi gš¿x n‡Z cviZ| G K_v ï‡b Zvi g‡a¨ gš¿x
nIqvi †jvf m„wó nq| Avi G †jv‡fB †m gymjgvb nq| DwRi Be‡b
LvbRvev Zvi gZje eyS‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb G gZjeevR †jvKUv‡K cvKovI
Ki‡Z gb¯’ K‡ib| ayiÜi †jvKUv Zv †Ui †c‡q gi‡°vi w`‡K cvwj‡q hvq|
†mLv‡b †m wKQy Bûw`i m‡½ †hvM †`q, hviv GK mgq gyBR Gi m½x wQj|
`yw`©‡b Giv gyBR-Gi Rb¨ UvKv Kwo LiP K‡i, Zvi Rb¨ A‡bK c_ Db¥y³
K‡i, kvmK nIqvi my›`i Dcvq †ei K‡i Ges Zvi m‡½ wgm‡i AvMgb
K‡i|27 Zvi g„Z¨z ‡Z kvmK AvRxR †ek e¨w_Z nq| Be‡b Kvjm GZ wecyj
cwigvY ¯^Y© Avi gwY-gvwYK¨ †Q‡o hvq, hvi eY©bv †`qv Am¤¢e|28
HwZnvwmKiv e‡jb- †m gymjgvb n‡qwQj| Zvi A_© †m Bûw` ag© Z¨vM K‡i
BmgvCjx gZv`‡k© `xw¶Z n‡qwQ| Avi G BmgvCjx ag©gZ wQj Zvi
¸i“‡`i ag©| GUv †Kvb Bmjvg?
2. Cmv Be‡b bvmZ‚ivm bvQivbx
Be‡b Kvj‡mi ci Cmv Be‡b bvmZzivm ev`kvn AvRx‡Ri DwRi nq|
G mgq Zvi ¯^ †MvÎxq wLª÷vb‡`i cÖwZ c¶cvwZ‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y gymjgvbiv
27
wmqvi“ Avjvwgb byev, LÛ- 16, c„ôv- 443|
28
wmqvi“ Avjvwgb byev, LÛ- 16 c„ôv- 443|
65
wPrKvi Ry‡o †`q| Bûw`‡`i‡KI †m mnvqZv K‡i| Bûw` wgbmv‡K †m
wb‡Ri cÖwZwbwa K‡i wmwiqvq †cÖiY K‡i| wgmievmx‡`i G Awf‡hvM kvmK
AvRx‡Ri wbKU †cuŠQvevi Rb¨ GKUv †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡i| Zviv GK LÊ
KvM‡Ri UzKivq wj‡L †iŠ‡c¨i g~wZ©i nv‡Z ¯’vcb K‡i| Zv‡Z †jLv wQj .
whwb wgbmv Øviv Bûw`‡`i‡K Ges Cmv Be‡b bvm~Zivm Øviv wLª÷vb‡`i‡K
m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Qb, Zvi kc_, Avi kc_ Zvi, whwb †Zvgvi Øviv
gymjgvb‡`i‡K Ac`¯— K‡i‡Qb| Avi †m g~wZ©Uv‡K ¯’vcb K‡i iv‡L ev`kvn
AvRx‡Ri c‡_| ev`kvn AvRxR †`‡L Zv †h g~wZ©, †m K_v eyS‡Z cv‡iwb|
g~wZ©i nvZ †_‡K cÎwU Zz‡j wb‡q Zv cvV K‡i †`‡L| Gici wKQy w`b
Dhxi‡K `~‡i iv‡L| c‡i ev`kv‡ni Kb¨vi mycvwi‡k Zv‡K cybivq Kv‡Q
wdwi‡q Av‡b|29
3. kvmK Bebyj AvRxR Gi kvmbvg‡j (386-441 wn:)
kvmK Bebyj AvwRR ûmvBb Be‡b RvInvi‡K me©gq KZ©v wbhy³ K‡i
Avi ivóª cwiPvjbvi hveZxq `vwqZ¡ Zvi nv‡Z b¨¯— K‡i| Avi ûmvBb Be‡b
RvInvi dvnv` Be‡b Beivwng wLª÷vb‡K Zvi mnKvix wbhy³ K‡i| GB
nv‡d‡Ri kvmbvg‡j gbmyi Be‡b Ave`yb bv‡g R‰bK wLª÷vb DwR‡ii
gh©v`vq Awfwl³ nq| BwZc~‡e© †m wmwiqvq GKUv `dZ‡ii `vwq‡Z¡ wQj|
Be‡b dv‡bm Zvi cwiPq w`‡q e‡j . †m wQj GKRb fxlY LvexQ †jvK|30
GB nvwK‡gi kvmbvg‡j Ryiqv Be‡b Bmv Be‡b bvmivm Ges Qv‡q` Be‡b
Cmv Be‡b bvmZ‚ivm‡KI gš¿xi c‡` wb‡qvwRZ Kiv nq|
4. gy¯—vbwm‡ii kvmbvg‡j (427-487 wn:)
Zvi kvmbvg‡j Qv`Kv Be‡b BDmyd Avj dvjvnx gwš¿Z¡ jvf K‡i, †h
wQj GKRb Bûw`| †m BmgvCjx ag©gZ MÖnY K‡i| wnRix 436 †_‡K 439
mb ch©š— gš¿xc‡` en wQj| Zvi mg‡qi cÖwm× DwRi‡`i Ab¨Zg n‡”Q e`i
Rvwg| †mI wQj GKRb wkqv gZvej¤^x|
5. gy¯—vÕjx Ges Av‡gi Gi kvmbvgj
G hy‡M gwš¿Z¡ jvf K‡i e`i Rvwgi cyÎ AvdR| Zvi mg‡q Lwjdvi
gvZvi cÖvmv‡`i `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i R‰bK Bûw`| d‡j Bûw`‡`i cÖfve e„w×
29
Avj Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 116|
30
Avj-gvbBqvex t dv‡Zgx hy‡M Dhxi I IRviZx, c„ôv- 247|
66
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(Gw›UqK) kn‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡j GB AvdR Zv‡`i wbKU wmwiqv‡K wef³
Kivi cÖ¯v— e †ck K‡i| d‡j DËi wmwiqv AwaKvi K‡i †bq Bs‡iRiv, Avi
wgki KivqvË K‡i wdwjw¯—b|32 wKš‘ cieZ©xKv‡j cÖKvk cvq †h, Zvi G
cÖ¯—ve †Kvb mydj enb K‡i Av‡bwb| KviY µz‡mWvi‡`i cÖavb Uv‡M©U wQj
evqZzj gyKvÏvm| d‡j 491 wnRix‡Z evqZzj gyKvÏvm AwaKvi K‡i †bq|
Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, G mgq mybxœ œ DwRi Bebym mvi µz‡mWvi‡`i cÖvPxb
¯§„wZwPý †diZ `v‡bi e¨vcv‡i b~i“Ïxb gvngy‡`i m‡½ Pzw³i †Póv Pvjvq| G
mgq Zv‡`i Df‡qi g‡a¨ ga¨¯’ZvKvix wQj Avwgi Dmvgv Be‡b gyb‡Kh
Avj-†Kbvbx| ZLb Bs‡iR‡`i m‡½ hy× Kivi Rb¨ mybxœ œ DwRi Bebym mvjvi
†bŠeni cÖ¯Z ‘ K‡ib| GRb¨ wZwb wZb j¶ `xbvi e¨vq K‡ib|33
nv‡d‡Ri kvmbvg‡j 524-544 wnRix‡Z evnivg Avigvbx DwRi nb|
nv‡dR Zv‡K mvBdzj Bmjvg Ges ZvRyj †LjvdZ Dcvwa `vb K‡ib| A_P
†m wQj GKRb Bûw`| †m Bmjvg MÖnY K‡iwb| Zv‡`i †kl w`‡Ki gš¿x‡`i
g‡a¨ wQj ÔZv‡q Be‡b i“‡RKÕ, †h wQj GKRb Av‡g©bxq wkqv|
Zviv wK evqZzj gyKvÏvm i¶v K‡i‡Q?
µz‡mWviiv hLb evqZzj gyKvÏv‡mi D‡Ï‡k¨ Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡i
ZLb dv‡Zgx Lwjdv gy¯v— Õjxi DwRi AvdR Rvgx wQj †mbv cÖavb| evqZzj
gyKvÏvm †ndvRZ Kiv wQj Zvi `vwqZ¡| µz‡mWviiv hLb evqZzj gyKvÏvm
Ae‡iva K‡i iv‡L, ZLb Zviv h_vh_ cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡jwb| d‡j
Bs‡iRiv AwZ mn‡R Zv AwaKvi K‡i †bq| G m¤ú‡K© gš—e¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q
HwZnvwmK Be‡b Lv‡j−Kvb e‡jb . ZLb evqZzj gyKvÏvm hw` wmwiqvi ZzwK©
kvmK‡`i Aax‡b _vKZ, Zvn‡j gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ ZvB-n‡Zv Kj¨vYKi|34
ÔkvIiÕ µz‡mWvi‡`i mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡i| myjZvb mvjvnDwÏb hLb wgki
AwaKvi K‡ib Ges Ievq`xiv hLb kvmb-¶gZv nvivq ZLbI Aewkó
Ievq`xiv kvmb ¶gZv wd‡i cvIqvi Rb¨ GKgZ n‡q KvR K‡i| Zviv
wmwmwji Bs‡iR‡`i mnvqZv Kvgbv K‡i Zv‡`i m‡½ cÎ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i|
wKš‘ lohš¿ cÖKvk †c‡q hvq Ges loh‡š¿i eo †nvZv wbnZ nq|35 Z‡e wK
ev‡Zbx‡`i nv‡Z me©`v gymjgvbiv cix¶vi m¤§yLxb n‡e, hviv Avj−vni
31
QvbnvRx t eby Ievq` kvmK‡`i K_v, c„ôv- 71|
32
Dhxi Ges IRviwZ, c„ôv- 226|
33
Dhxi Ges IRviwZ, c„ôv- 228|
34
Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvÕBqvb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 179|
35
Avj Kvwgj, LÛ-11, c„ôv- 398|
67
`ykgb‡`i nv‡Z †`k Zz‡j †`q? GiciI gymjgvbiv G RNb¨ AvPi‡Yi K_v
fy‡j hvq| Giv gymjgvb‡`i‡K RvZxqZv Avi MY ¯^v‡_©i K_v e‡j GLbI
wK †auvKv †`‡e?
ivóª wK wbi‡c¶ wQj?
†Kvb †Kvb HwZnvwmK †jLK wj‡Lb †h, Ievq`x ivóª Zv‡`i BmgvCjx
a‡g©i †¶‡Î †Muvov wQj bv| Zviv GK_v wj‡Lb †h, Ievq`xiv kw³ cÖ‡qvM
K‡i Zv‡`i evYx cÖPvi K‡iwb| wKš‘ Avmj mZ¨ Gi wecixZ| Avm‡j
Ievq`x iv‡óªi kvmbKZ©viv Zv‡`i ag© cÖPvi Kivi Rb¨ h_vmva¨ †Póv
Pvwj‡q‡Q| Zviv cÖPvi Kvh© Avi cÖPviK‡`i h_vh_ Av‡qvRb K‡i| G Rb¨
h_vixwZ GKUv e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zv‡j| BmgvCjx ag©gZ cÖPvi Avi Zv msMwVZ
Kivi Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ewk Kó ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q DwRi Be‡b Kvjm| Zvi †Póv
Avi D‡`¨v‡M Rv‡gqv Avhnv‡i GKUv mymsMwVZ cvV `v‡bi e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zv
nq| Rv‡gqv Avhnv‡i DwRi Be‡b Kvjm‡K wk¶v `v‡bi Rb¨ GK `j
dKxn wbhy³ Kiv nq|36 Gme cÖPviK‡`i Dc‡i wQj bwKe ev cÖavb| G‡`i
mK‡ji Dci wQj Av‡iv eo GKRb Kg©KZ©v| Zv‡K ivóª cÖavb Avi
ag©g‡Zi Abymvix‡`i †hvMm~Î e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡Zv| mg¯— ivóªxq dKxn Avi
cÖPviK G cÖavb Kg©KZ©vi Aax‡b _vK‡Zv| a‡g©i g~jbxwZ wel‡q G‡`i
iwPZ wbeÜ †m cÖavb Kg©KZ©vi wbKU Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡Zv|37 cÖavb cÖPviK
KvwR †bvgvb Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b gbmyi wb‡R gv‡jKx gvRnv‡ei Abymvix
n‡jI G‡`i Rb¨ MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| Zv‡`i ag©gZ cÖPv‡i mnvqZv K‡ib|
†kl ch©š— wZwb ev‡Zbx ag©gZ MÖnY K‡ib| GgbwK nvbvwd, gv‡jwK Ges
kv‡dwq gvhnv‡ei38 wei“‡× wZwb MÖšI’ iPbv K‡ib| Avi `ª“R‡`i cÖPviKiv
wmwiqv †`‡ki Iqv`x gZx A‡j Avie‡`i g‡a¨ Zv‡`i cÖPvi Kvh© Pvjvq|
nvmvb Be‡b mveŸvn- Gi g‡Zv Giv fxwZ Avi mš¿vm Qov‡”Q gymwjg we‡k¦|
Zv‡`i AvnŸvb Avi Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖfve GgbB wQj †h nvje ev Av‡jv‡àvi
kvmK gvngy` Be‡b Qv‡jn Be‡b wgi`vm Ievq`x‡`i‡K ev` w`‡q eby
AveŸvm Ges †mjRyK‡`i bv‡g LyZev cwieZ©‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡j
Av‡jv‡àvi mvaviY gvbyl G D‡`¨vM‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i| Zvi Gi wei“‡×
gmwR‡` hv wKQy cvIqv hvq, Zv nv‡Z wb‡q e‡j . G¸‡jv‡Zv Avjx Be‡b
36
dv‡Zgx hy‡M gš¿x I gš¿xZ¡, c„ôv- 133|
37
cÖv¸³, c„ôv- 133|
38
wmqvi“Z Avjvwgb byevjv, LÛ- 16, c„ôv- 150
68
Avey Zvwj‡ei PvUvB| Avey evni Ab¨ PvUvB wb‡q AvmyK, hvi Dci gvbyl AwaKvi K‡i †bq|41 Avi Kviv‡gZv m¤úÖ`vq wgm‡i Awfhvb cwiPvwjZ
bvgvR co‡e| `v‡gk‡K hLb Zv‡`i KZ©…Z¡ cÖwZôv nq ZLb Zviv w`‡K K‡i| wKš‘ Zviv e¨_© n‡q †Mvc‡b evnivB‡b Zv‡`i wbR A‡j m‡i hvq|
w`‡K ÔnvBq¨v Avjv LvBwij AvgvjÕ e‡j AvRvb †`qv nq| Avey eKi (iv:) G cÖ‡kœi Reve GB †h, †mKv‡j hy×-weMÖn NUv‡bv wQj mvaviY e¨vcvi|
Ges Igi (iv:) †K MvwjMvjvR K‡i bvbv K_v gmwR‡`i `iRvq †jLv nq| Avkcv‡ki m¤úÖmviYev`x †`k¸‡jvi cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ kΓi KvQ †_‡KI
ZzwK© Ges Kz`x© kvmK‡`i kvmbvg‡j cwieZ©b mva‡bi c~e© ch©š— Zv en mvnvh¨ †bIqv n‡Zv| ZLb ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva Avi gvbwmK kw³ mvnm GgbB
wQj|39 bx‡P †b‡g hvq †h, Zviv †Kvb a‡g©i av‡i Kv‡QI wQj bv|
nv‡dR kvgmyÏxb Av&h-hvnvex Zv‡`i mvaviY ˆmb¨‡`i eY©bv cÖm‡½
e‡jb †h, Zviv wQj g‡›`i g~j Avi e`‡gRvwR| we‡kl K‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨
hviv wh›`xK wQj, Zviv wQj g‡›`i GK †kl| gymjgvbiv Zv‡`i Øviv nZ¨v,
Mvjg›` Avi wQbZvB‡qi wkKvi nq| GgbwK Ôm~iÕ A‡ji Awaevmxiv
Zv‡`i Ryjyg wbh©vZb †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ †iv‡gi wLª÷vb‡`i mnvqZv
Kvgbv K‡iwQj| Zviv iv¯—vNvU Avi nv¤§vgLvbv †_‡K bvix‡`i‡K AcniY
K‡i wb‡q †hv‡Zv|40 wgm‡i Avn‡j mybvœ ni Av‡jg‡`i Ici Gme wbh©vZb
KL‡bv wKQyUv n«vm Kiv n‡Zv, hLb Zviv cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Zv †h, gi‡°vi
Av‡jg‡`i Dci Zv‡`i Gme wbh©vZb e¨_© n‡”Q| A_P Zviv g‡b Ki‡Zv †h,
wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q †Rvic~e©K Zv‡`i‡K ev‡Zbx a‡g© `xw¶Z Kivi mva¨ Zv‡`i
i‡q‡Q|
HwZnvwmK Be‡b Kvmxi Ievq`xqv iv‡óªi kvmK‡`i m¤ú‡K© e‡jb †h,
Pwi‡Îi w`K †_‡K Zviv wQj me‡P‡q AcweÎ kvmK| Avi Af¨š—ixY ixwZ-
bxwZi wePv‡i Giv wQj me‡P‡q LvexQ| Zv‡`i kvmbvg‡j †e`AvZ Avi
Ab¨vq-Ak−xjZv †`Lv †`q| mš¿vmx‡`i msL¨v e„w× cvq| mr Av‡jg‡`i
msL¨v n«vm cvq| kvg †`‡k wLª÷vb, `ª“R Avi nvwkgx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Ki
msL¨v e„w× cvq Ges mv‡njx A‡j Bs‡iR‡`i AvwacZ¨ we¯—vi jvf K‡i|
GLv‡b GKUv cÖkœ †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i, Gme Ievq`x hw` Kviv‡gZv‡`i
g‡Zv GKB a‡g©i Abymvix n‡q _v‡K A_ev wkqv wnmv‡e nvg`vbx‡`i m‡½
hw` Zv‡`i †hvMm~Î _v‡K, Z‡e Zviv †Kb ci¯ú‡i jovB‡q wjß nq, †Kb
GK `j Aci `j‡K nZ¨v K‡i? Av‡jv‡àvi AwaKvi Kivi Rb¨
Ievq`x‡`i‡K ˆmb¨ wnmv‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| Aveyj dvRv‡qj nvg`vbx
Zv‡`i c‡¶ cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡jb, †ivgvb‡`i mvnvh¨ MÖnY K‡ib| †ivgvb
evwnbxi AwabvqK n¯—‡¶‡ci g~j¨ Av`vq K‡i †ngQ Ges wkRvi AÂj

39
Avj we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 284|
40 41
wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byevjv, LÛ- 16, c„ôv- 468| ZvwiLyj Kvwgj, LÛ-9, c„ôv- 89|
69 70
2. eyqvBnx m¤úÖ`vq
cvi‡m¨i `vBjvgx es‡ki eyqvBn Be‡b dvbœv Lmi“i bvgvbymv‡i G
m¤úÖ`v‡qi bvgKiY Kiv nq| GK kZvãxiI †ewk Kvj Giv BivK Avi
cvi‡m¨ kvmbKvh© Pvq| G‡`i †gvKvwejvq evM`v‡`i AveŸvmxq Lwjdviv †h
`yej
© Zvi cÖ`k©b K‡i, G‡`i mvg‡b Zviv Zvi †P‡qI †ewk `yej © cÖgvwYZ
nq| †m hy‡Mi Ab¨ †Kvb cwievi †_‡K G cwievi wfbœ wQj bv| ˆ¯^ikvmb
Avi mvgvwRK Ges A_©‰bwZK weK…wZ- wech©‡qi wePv‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨ G HK¨
wQj| hw`I eyqvBnx iv‡óªi `yÕRb cÖwZôvZv Avjx Be‡b eyqvBnx Ges nvmvb
Be‡b eyqvBnxi g‡a¨ †bZ…Z,¡ ˆah© Avi mnbkxjZv I cigZ mwnòyZvi
¸Yvewj wQj| wKš‘ Zv‡`i wØZxq Avi Z…Zxq cyi“‡li g‡a¨ wQj K‡VviZv
Ges wkqv a‡g©i cÖwZ c¶cvwZZ¡| mvg‡bi c„ôv¸‡jv‡Z Avgiv †`L‡Z cve
†h, Zviv wK Bmjvwg ms¯‹…wZ‡Z †Kvb Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q? bvwK Zviv wkqv‡`iB
cÖwZaŸwb K‡i‡Q, hv‡`i cZb Av‡iv weK…Z K‡i Zz‡jwQj bxwZ Avi
KvVv‡gv‡K|
GK bR‡i Zv‡`i BwZnvm
BwZnv‡mi i½g‡Â eyqvBnx Gi mš—vb Avjx nvmvb Ges Avng‡`i D™¢e
nq Zv‡`i KxwZ©gvb cyi“l Avjxi D™¢‡ei ga¨ w`‡q| hvi Dcvwa wQj
Bgv`y‡ÏŠjv| GUv wnRix 321 m‡bi K_v| gvi`vexR bvgK R‰bK `vBjvgx
kvm‡Ki c¶ †_‡K †m wQj ÔKvivRÕ bvgK GKUv ¶z`ª A‡ji fvicÖvß
kvmbKZ©v| †jvKR‡bi m‡½ †m m`vPvi Ki‡Zv, m`q e¨envi Ki‡Zv| d‡j
Avkcv‡ki †`k¸‡jv‡Z Zvi L¨vwZ Qwo‡q c‡o| mK‡j Zv‡K fv‡jvevm‡Zv
ïi“ K‡i Zvi ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡i| G e¨vcv‡i Zvi fvB‡qiv mnvqZv K‡i|
d‡j †m cvim¨ A‡ji kvmb KZ©Z … ¡ jvf K‡i| wnRix 334 m‡b Avng`
Be‡b eyqvBnx evM`v‡` Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡i †Kvb cÖwZ‡iva QvovB
evM`v‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i, d‡j evM`v‡` ebx eyqvBnxi KZ©…‡Z¡ Av‡m| Lwjdvi
cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk K‡i Ges Lwjdvi Dcvwa aviY K‡i Avng‡`i Dcvwa
nq gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv| Zvi fvB‡qi c¶ †_‡K cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e 20 erm‡iiI
†ewk mgq †m Biv‡Ki kvmbKZ©v wQj| wnRix 356 m‡b Zvi g„Zz¨ nq|
nvmvb Be‡b eyqvBn i“Kgy‡ÏŠjv Dcvwa aviY K‡i Bmdvnvb, Zvevwi¯—vb Ges
RyiRvb kvmb K‡i Ges Zv‡`i eo fvB Bgv`y‡ÏŠjv kvmb K‡i wkivR Ges
cvk¦©eZ©x AÂj|| Z‡e eo fvBB wQj Zv‡`i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q AMÖmi, hvi K_v
Zviv mK‡j kÖeY Avi gvb¨ Ki‡Zv| wnRix 338 m‡b Zvi g„Z¨z nq|
71
eyqvBnx‡`i wkqv ag©gZ MÖnY
eyqvBnxiv Zv‡`i wkqv ag©gZ †Mvcb iv‡Lwb| eis Avn‡j mybœvi
Abymvix‡`i Dci wbh©vZbg~jK Kg© ZrciZv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Zviv evM`v‡`
Zv‡`i ag©vbymvwi‡`i‡K DØy× I AbycÖvwYZ K‡i| ZLb Ggb †Kvb ermi
†h‡Zvbv †h wkqv-mybœxœ‡`i g‡a¨ msNvZ NU‡Zv bv| G‡Z A‡bK cÖvYnvwb
NU‡Zv, A‡bK m¤ú` aŸsm n‡Zv| evwo-Ni Avi nvU-evRv‡i AwMœ ms‡hvM
Kiv n‡Zv| 351 wnRix m‡bi NUbvejx m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h, evM`v‡`i
wkqviv gyB¾y‡ÏŠjvi wb‡`©kµ‡g gyqvweqv Ges wZb Lwjdv‡K jvÕbZ el©‡Yi
wb‡`©k †`q gmwR`¸‡jvi cÖwZ| wKš‘ AveŸvmx Lwjdvi GUv †iva Kivi
¶gZv wQj bv|1 wnRix 352 m‡bi NUbvejx‡Z †`Lv hvq, gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv nvU-
evRvi, †`vKvb-cvU Avi †Kbv-†ePv eÜ K‡i Avïiv Dcj‡¶¨ †kvK cvjb
Kivi Rb¨ RbMY‡K wb‡`©k †`q| gv_vi Pzj Db¥y³ K‡i †Pnviv Kv‡jv K‡i
bvix‡`i‡K iv¯—vq iv¯—vq gvZg Kivi wb‡`©k †`q| ûmvBb Be‡b Avjxi Rb¨
Zv‡`i‡K eyK Pvcov‡Z n‡e, †Pnvivq P‡cUvNvZ Ki‡Z n‡e| d‡j †jv‡Kiv
ZvB K‡i| mybœxœiv GUv †iva Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| KviY wkqv‡`i msL¨v wQj †ewk
Ges kvmK †kÖwY wQj Zv‡`i m‡½|2
wnRix 398 m‡bi NUbvejx‡Z †`Lv hvq . evM`v‡` wkqv-mybxœ œ `v½v †`Lv
†`q| G‡K Aci‡K N„Yv Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| wkqviv Avey nv‡g` BmdvivBbx
Ges Bebyj AvKvdvbx‡K Mvjg›` K‡i nZ¨v Ki‡Z D`¨Z n‡j Zviv cjvqb
K‡i|3 wnRix 407 m‡b wkqv Avi mybxœ œi g‡a¨ Iqv‡mZ kn‡i GK eo
ai‡bi jovB ev‡a| G‡Z mybxœ iœ v Rqx nq| Avi bvg Kiv wkqviv Avjx Be‡b
gvhx‡`i wbKU cjvqb Ki‡j wZwb Zv‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ K‡ib|4
Avh`y‡ÏŠjv (dvbv Lmi“) whwb wQ‡jb i“Kby‡ÏŠjvi cyÎ, wZwb A‡Xj
m¤ú` e¨q K‡ib| gvknv‡` gvRvi wbg©vY Kv‡R wZwb ˆmb¨‡`i‡K e¨envi
K‡ib|5
Lwjdv‡`i wb›`v
1
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 542|
2
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 549|
3
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 208|
4
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 295|
5
Avj-gyRvd&dix t ZvixLyk wkqv, c„ôv- 212|
72
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K‡i| Zviv Ggb bxwZ AbymiY K‡i, hvi d‡j g‡b nq †hb †Ljvd‡Zi Aw¯—
Z¡ †bB| G †_‡K Zviv cÖgvY Ki‡Z Pvq †h, Zviv bvMwiK Abyfw~ Z †_‡K
`~‡i| Z‡e Zv‡`i Aš—‡i mybœvni cÖwZ we‡Øl wVKB Av‡Q| Zviv g‡b Ki‡Zv
†h, AveŸvmxqiv †Rvi c~eK © †LjvdZ AwaKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q| G Kvi‡Y
gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv †hvM¨ AwaKvix A_©vr Ai eskai‡`i Rb¨ †LjvdZ wQwb‡q †bqv
Ges wgm‡i Ievq`x kvmK gyBh Gi Rb¨ evBqvZ MÖnY Kivi e¨vcv‡i Zvi
mfvm`‡`i civgk© Pvq| Zvi R‰bK mfvm` e‡j . Avwg G gZ mg_©b Kwi
bv| KviY AvR Zzwg Ggb Lwjdvi m‡½ AvQ, hvi m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi Ges
†Zvgvi mfvm`‡`i wek¦vm GB †h, †m †Ljvd‡Zi †hvM¨ bq| Zzwg hw`
Zv‡`i‡K ûKzg `vI Lwjdv‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨, Zvn‡j Aek¨B Zviv Zv
Ki‡e| Avi Zzwg hw` †Kvb Avjvex‡K Lwjdvi Avm‡b emvI Z‡e Zzwg Ges
†Zvgvi mfvm`iv hvi †LjvdZ‡K ˆea e‡j g‡b Ki, †m †Zvgvi m‡½
_vK‡e| †m hw` †Zvgv‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K ûKzg †`q, Z‡e Aek¨B
Zviv Zv Ki‡e|6 gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv G gZ‡K fv‡jv g‡b K‡i Ges Zvi wPš—vaviv
Z¨vM K‡i|
evnvD‡ÏŠjvi m¤ú` n«vm †c‡j Zvi DwRi Zv‡K Lwjdvi c` MÖn‡Yi
civgk© †`q Ges Zv‡K m¤ú‡`i †jvf †`Lvq| d‡j evnvD‡ÏŠjv †LjvdZ
cÖvmv‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i Lwjdv‡K †Ljvd‡Zi Avmb †_‡K nwU‡q †`q| Lwjdv
A‡bK dwiqv` K‡i| wKš‘ †KDB †mw`‡K KY©cvZ K‡iwb| Zviv Lwjdvi
cÖvmv‡` hv wKQy cvq jyVcvU K‡i wb‡Riv fvM-ev‡Uvqviv K‡i †bq|7 Zvi
c~em© w~ i gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv eyqvBnx gy¯v— Kdx‡K Acgvb KiZ: cvMwo w`‡q Zv‡K
†eu‡a †djvi Rb¨ ˆmb¨‡`i‡K wb‡`©k †`q| AZtci ûKzg †`q Zv‡K
KvivMv‡i wb‡¶c Kivi Rb¨| g„Z¨z ch©š— †m KvivMv‡iB KvUv‡e|8
Zv‡`i gš¿x- DwRi
Ievq`x‡`i gš¿x wQj Bûw`- wLª÷vb, Abyiƒc eyqvBnx‡`i DwRi wQj
wLª÷vb| Avm`y‡ÏŠjvi kvmbvg‡j (dvbœv Lmi“ Bebyj nvmvb Be‡b eyqvBn)
6 9
Avj Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 452|
7 10
Avj Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 79|
8 11
Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11, c„ôv 226|
73
Zvi DwRi wQj bmi Be‡b nvi“b| Avh`y‡ÏŠjv Zv‡K wMR©v wbg©v‡Yi wb‡`©k
†`q Ges Mwie wLª÷vb‡`i Rb¨ †m m¤ú` DRvo K‡i †`q|9
eyqvBnx Avi Kviv‡gZv‡`i m¤úK©
hviv wew”Qbœ Avi wew¶ßfv‡e BwZnvm Aa¨qb K‡i, Zviv nq‡Zv bv
Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, ev‡Zbx Av‡›`vjb Ges wkqv iv‡óªi m‡½ Gme Av‡›`vj‡bi
wK m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| †mme Av‡›`vjb m¤ú‡K© Zviv mZK© Ges m‡PZbI n‡e
bv| Zviv G K_vI g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, cÖwZwU ivóªB ¯^qs m¤ú~Y;© Ab¨
iv‡óªi m‡½ Zvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Abyiƒcfv‡e eZ©gvb Kv‡ji
Ag‡bv‡hvwMivI g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡i| ev‡Zbx Avi iv‡dhx m¤úÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ †h
m¤úK© Av‡Q, Zviv Zv †`L‡Z cvq bv| Avi †Kvb m¤úK© †_‡K _vK‡jI
Zv‡`i g‡Z Zv mvgwqK ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y _vK‡e| Gme Ag‡bv‡hvMx
e¨w³iv Av‡iv e‡j †h, †h me wkqv QvÎ BD‡iv‡c cov‡jLv K‡i, Zviv
Zv‡`i †`‡ki wkqv‡`i g‡Zv bq| wKš‘ †h e¨w³ BwZnvm Aa¨qb K‡i Ges
eZ©gvb Aa¨qb K‡i Df‡qi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e, †m nq‡Zv
Df‡qi g‡a¨ f~wgKvi †¶‡Î †Kvb D‡j−L‡hvM¨ cv_©K¨ †`L‡Z cv‡e bv|
wnRix 360 m‡bi NUbvejx m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h, G erm‡ii wRjK`
gv‡m Kviv‡gZviv `v‡gk‡K PovI n‡q RvÕdi Be‡b dv‡jn‡K nZ¨v K‡i,
whwb wQ‡jb `v‡gk‡K A¯’vqx Lwjdv| ZLb Kviv‡gZv‡`i †bZv wQj †nvmvBb
Be‡b Avng` Be‡b evnivg| Avi evM`v` †_‡K gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv A¯¿k¯¿ Ges
cÖPiz ˆmb¨- mvgš— w`‡q Zv‡K g`` †RvMvq|10
wnRix 374 mv‡ji NUbvejx‡Z †`Lv hvq, kidz‡ÏŠjv eyqvBnx
Kviv‡gZv‡`i wbKU GKRb `~Z †cÖiY K‡i| `~Z wd‡i G‡m e‡j .
Kviv‡gZviv ev`kvn m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i| Avwg Zv‡`i‡K RvbvB
†h Zvi PwiÎ fv‡jv| 11
eyqvBnx kvmK Avey KxRvi dv‡Zgx cÖPviK‡`i Ab¨Zg kxl© e¨w³Z¡
gyqvB‡q¨` Gi wbKU 438 wnRix‡Z Zvi BmgvCjx AvnŸv‡b cÖfvweZ n‡q
wj‡L . †h gnvb e¨w³Z¡ (wgm‡i Ievq`x kvmK A- gy¯—vbwmi) m¤ú‡K© Avwg
hv AeMZ n‡Z †c‡iwQ Ges Avgv‡`i AvK¡x`v wek¦v‡mi ¯^”QZv m¤ú‡K© Avwg
hZ`~i Zv‡K AewnZ K‡iwQ, Zv †Zvgvi aviYv Kiv DwPZ| Zv‡`i‡K †Zvgvi
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 315|
Be‡b Kvmxi t Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 287|
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 39|
74
Rvbv‡bv DwPZ †h, Gme ZzKg© vb (†mjRyKxiv) hviv †Lviv-mvb Ges ivq
A‡ji Kg©KvÊ m¤ú‡K© `vwqZ¡kxj, Zv‡`i c`PviYv †Kej Zv‡`i AwaK…Z
bMix (wmwiqv Ges wgki) Gi g‡a¨B mxgve× bq| Zv‡`i `„wó‡Z Avgv‡`i
weRqx ˆmb¨‡`i `„pZvI cÖwZfvZ K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i cÖvPxb wb`k©b
a‡i ivLvi e¨vcv‡i Avgiv A‡bK A_© e¨q K‡iwQ|12
Avi G eyqvBnx kvmK wgm‡i Ievq`x kvmK‡`i m”Pwi‡Îi mv¶¨ `vwe
Ki‡Q Ges ZLb Zv‡`i‡K G aviYv w`‡”Q †h, †m-B n‡”Q Zv‡`i c‡¶
cÖwZ‡ivaKvix mybxœ œ ZzKg© vb †mjRyKx nvgjvi gy‡L|
Bmjvwg iv‡óªi mxgvš— i¶vq Zv‡`i f~wgKv
†iv‡gi nvgjv †iv‡ai wbwg‡Ë Rvhxivi Awaevmxiv ivRavbx evM`v‡`i
wbKU dwiqv` Rvbvq| Avi evM`v` G Avnev‡b mvovI †`q| Zviv wRnv‡`i
Rb¨ cÖ¯w‘ Z MÖnY K‡i| gyB¾y‡ÏŠjvi cyÎ eLwZqvi‡K Lwjdvi wbKU †cÖiY
K‡i wRnv‡`i Rb¨| †jvK ˆZqv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ N‡ii AvmevecÎ ch©š— weµq
Ki‡Z D`¨Z nq| wKš‘ eLwZqvi †mme A_© Zvi e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvR‡b e¨q
K‡i| Avi wRnv‡`i cÖm½ wmKvq D‡V| Ggwbfv‡e cÖKvk cvq †h, eLwZqvi
wQj GKRb cÖeÂK| wRnv‡`i cÖ¯w‘ Zi Rb¨ A_© m‡q †m mZ¨civqY wQj
bv|
eyqvBnx I mvgwiK mvgš—ev`
mvgwiK †bZv Avi mvaviY ˆmb¨‡`i‡K f~wg `vb Kiv eyqvBnx‡`i Ggwb
GK Awfbe Kg©, hv BwZc~‡e© Avi †KD K‡iwb| Avi G f~wg `vb Kiv n‡Zv
Zv‡`i Rb¨ bM` †eZb fvZv e¨q Kivi cwie‡Z©| Gme f~wg miKv‡ii Lvm
Rwg wQj bv| †Kvb cwZZ f~wgI wQj bv, hv Avev` Kivi Rb¨ †`Iqv n‡Zv;
eis Zv wQj Ggb f~wg, hv K…lK‡`i wbKU †_‡K †Rvi Rei`w¯— K‡i †K‡o
†bqv n‡Zv| Avi ˆmb¨‡`i †mme f~wg cQ›` bv n‡j ev Zv‡`i AvKvsLv
Abyhvqx dmj bv dj‡j Zviv †m¸‡jv ev` w`‡q Ab¨ f~wg `Lj Ki‡Zv| Gi
d‡j Pvlvev‡`i aviv aŸsm cÖvß nq Ges iv‡óªi km¨ fvÊvi k~b¨ n‡q c‡o|
Avi ˆmb¨‡`i fvZv mgm¨viI †Kvb mgvavb nq bv| Wv: Avãyj Avhxh `vIix
e‡jb . Avgvi g‡Z eyqvBnxivB me© cÖ_g mvgwiK RvqwMi`vwi e¨e¯’v cÖeZ©b
K‡i| Avgvi g‡b nq Zviv wewRZ †`‡ki f~wg‡K gyRvwn`‡`i Rb¨ MwbgZ
Ávb Kivi `k©b †_‡K G aviYv MÖnY K‡i, wKš‘ f~wg m¤ú‡K© Bmjv‡gi bxwZ
12
Wt kv‡Ki gy¯—dv t ZzK©x‡`i wmwiqv cÖ‡ek, c„ôv- 323|
75
Zviv we¯§„Z nq Ges Zv A‡K‡Rv K‡i iv‡L|13 †hgb wePvi e¨e¯’vq
Rvgvb‡Zi Awfbe cÖ_v Zv‡`i kvmbvg‡j Pvjy nq| wnRix 350 mv‡j
gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv Avãyj−vn Be‡b nvmvb Be‡b Aveyk kvIqv‡ie‡K evwl©K 2 j¶
w`invg cwi‡kv‡ai k‡Z© evM`v‡`i KvwR wbhy³ Kivi wb‡`©k Rvwi K‡ib|14
g~j¨vqb
Gfv‡e cvVK †`L‡Z cv‡eb †h, †m ivóªwU †evSvi Dci eo †evSvq
cwiYZ n‡qwQj| Bmjvwg ms¯‹…wZi †Kvb b~Zb c_ D‡b¥vPb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|
Aek¨ Zv‡`i DwRi Qv‡ne Be‡b AveŸv` Gi e`vb¨Zv-`vbkxjZv Avi
mvwn‡Z¨i Rb¨ Zvi Drmvn DÏxcbv m„wó, Biv‡Ki †Kvb †Kvb cÖK‡íi Rb¨
Avh`y‡ÏŠjvi Av‡qvRb, Zuvi Avj-Avh`x nvmcvZvj ¯’vcb, Bmjvwg mgv‡Ri
†Kvgi †f‡O †`qv, Pzw³ Avi A_©‰bwZK w`K †_‡K Bmjvwg mgvR aŸsm Kiv
BZ¨vKvi Kg©Kv‡Êi mvg‡b †mme Zz”Q I g~j¨nxb| eyqvBnx iv‡óªi
cÖwZôvZv‡K Ávb- Mwigv Avi ˆah© I mnbkxjZvi ¸‡Y wef~wlZ Kiv- Zv
mvaviY cwiYwZ‡Z †Kvb cwieZ©b mvab Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avi mvaviY
djvdj n‡”Q GB †h, Zv‡`i Kj¨v‡Yi †P‡q A-Kj¨vYB †ewk| nv‡dR
kvgmyÏxb Avh-hvnvex e‡jb . eby eyqvBn Ges eby Ievq`‡`i g‡Zv
iv‡dhx‡`i kvmbvg‡j Bmjv‡gi bxwZgvjv aŸsm n‡q‡Q| Zviv wRnv` eR©b
K‡i‡Q Ges †iv‡gi wLª÷vbiv we¯—vi jvf K‡i‡Q Ges Zviv gv`v‡qb AwaKvi
K‡i‡Q|15
13
Bmjvgx mgv‡R RvqMxi`vix cÖ_vi D™¢e t Bj- BRwZnv` mvgwqKx, c„ôv-259|
14
Avj-nvRvex t Avj- wdKi“m mvgx dx ZvixwLj wdKwnj Bmjvgx, LÛ- 2, c„ôv-142|
15
wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byevjv, LÛ- 16, c„ôv 232|
76
3. Kviv‡gZv m¤úÖ`vq
Kviv‡gZv‡`i m¤ú‡K© ejvi bZzb wKQy †bB| Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© A‡b‡KB
wj‡L‡Qb| Avi Zv‡`i cÖm½Uv gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ cÖwm×| Zviv wb‡R‡`i
AvK¡x`v-wek¦vm ¯úó e¨³ K‡i †NvlYv †`q Zv‡`i bvw¯—K¨ev`x Kg©Kv‡Êi,
Ievq`x‡`i g‡Zv wkqv BRg Øviv wb‡R‡`i‡K Avo K‡i iv‡L bv| Z‡e
Zv‡`i m~Pbv Avi exfrm Kg©KvÊ, Ab¨vb¨ wkqv myjf ZrciZv ev wkqv BRg
Øviv hv cÖ”Qbœ K‡i iv‡L, †m m¤ú‡K© msw¶ß Av‡jvPbv Kiv Acwinvh©|
wnRix Z…Zxq kZ‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K 278 mv‡j Kviv‡gZv‡`i D™¢e †Kvb
we¯§qKi ev AvKw¯§K NUbv wQj bv| bvw¯—K¨ev`x ev‡Zbx m¤cÖ`vq
Bmjvg‡K AvNvZ Kivi Rb¨ †h f~LÊwU †e‡Q wb‡qwQj, Zvi `vweB wQj mKj
¯’v‡b evYx cÖPviK Qwo‡q †`qv, hviv ¯^”Q mybœxœ cwi‡e‡k ZvKIqvi cÖ`k©bx
Ki‡e, Avevi `vk©wbK cwi‡e‡k cÖKvk Ki‡e `k©‡bi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv| Gme
cÖPviK‡`i Ab¨Zg wQj ûmvBb AvnIqvRx, †h Kzdv f~L‡Ê AvMgb K‡i
MÊg~L© mvaviY bvMwiK‡`i‡K weåvš— Ki‡Z m¶g nq| †m mvaviY gvbyl‡K
Ae¯’vš—‡i wb‡q hvq; wb‡q hvq Zv‡`i‡K Kzdwi Avi bvw¯—K¨ev`x `k©‡bi
ØvicÖv‡š—| wb‡q hvq gvbyl‡K Ggb wek¦v‡mi KvQvKvwQ †h, gymjgvb‡`i nZ¨v
Kiv mvIqv‡ei KvR| G‡`i `‡ji R‰bK e¨w³ wQj nvg`vb KvigvZ| Zvi
bvgvbymv‡i Zvi Abymvixiv Kviv‡gZv bv‡g AwfwnZ nq|
wnRix 286 mv‡j GB wekÖx AvnŸvb evnivB‡bi KvZxd Ges Zr mwbœwnZ
A‡j we¯—vi jvf K‡i| cvi‡m¨i Avey mvC` Rvbvex G AvnŸv‡b mvov †`q|
AbwZwej‡¤^ evM`v‡`i †Ljvd‡Zi m‡½ msNv‡Z †m weRq AR©b K‡i Ges
mg¯— e›`x‡K nZ¨v K‡i| wnRix 289 m‡b wmwiqvi cÖwZ Zv‡`i `„wó c‡o
Ges Zviv `v‡gkK Ae‡iva K‡i| `v‡gkK kvmK ÔZvMRÕ Gi m‡½ Zv‡`i
hy× Avi msNvZ P‡j| Z‚jybx kvmK‡`i cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e ÔZvMRÕ `v‡gkK
kvmb K‡iwQ‡jb| Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg KZ©v e¨w³ RKi“qvn Be‡b gvni“qvn
`v‡gkK Avi Biv‡Ki mxgvš— A‡j Kzdvi w`K nvgjv Pvwj‡q wech©q m„wó
K‡i| iv¯—vNvU eÜ K‡i †`q| wnRix 294 mv‡j Zvi Rxebvemvb nq|
evnivB‡b Kviv‡gZv‡`i Ab¨Zg †bZv wQj Avey Zv‡ni Avj- Rvbvex
myjvqgvb Be‡b nvmvb| Zvi exfrm Kg©KvÊ ZvZvwi Avi µz‡mWvi‡`i‡KI
nvi gvbvq| ev‡Zbxiv e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †KD Ggb ee©‡ivwPZ Kg©KvÊ Ki‡Z
cv‡iwb| Zvi GKUv D`vniY †`Iqv hvq| wnRix 312 m‡b nvwR‡`i GKUv
77
`j Biv‡K wd‡i AvmwQj| Giv Zv‡`i‡K me© mvš— K‡i me wKQy jyÉb K‡i
wb‡q hvq| ¶zav Avi wccvmvq Zv‡`i AwaKvs‡kiB †mLv‡b g„Z¨z nq|1
317 wnRix m‡b gmwR`yj nviv‡g nvwRMY mg‡eZ nb G‡nb cvwcô
Lvex‡Qi Dci AvµgY Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨| wKš‘ gmwR‡` hviv mg‡eZ
n‡qwQ‡jb, Zv‡`i mKj‡K nZ¨v K‡i jvk RgRg K‚‡c wb‡¶c Kiv nq|
g°vi iv¯—v Nv‡U Ges Avkcv‡k 30 nvRv‡ii AwaK †jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq|
KvÕev kix‡di wMjvd Ly‡j wb‡q Zv Zvi m½x‡`i g‡a¨ eÈb K‡i †`q|
g°vevmx‡`i evwoNi jyÉb Kiv nq| nvRv‡i AvmIqv` Ly‡j Zv‡`i †K›`ª¯’j
ÔnvRiÕG m‡½ K‡i wb‡q hvq|2 eyKvBi Be‡b Avng` Avj nvÏv` e‡jb .
ÔAvwg †hb nv‡dR gynv¤§` Be‡b Aveyj ûmvBb‡K †`LwQ| Zvi cÖwZ Zievwi
Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q Avi wZwb `yÕnv‡Z `iRvi †PŠKvV a‡i Av‡Qb| GgZve¯’vq
KvÕevi Av¯—vbvq Zuvi g¯—K jywU‡q c‡o|3
HwZnvwmK Be‡b Kvmxi e‡jb, Zv‡`i Avwgi Avey Zv‡ni Zvi cÖwZ
Avj−vni jvÕbZ- KvÕev kix‡di `iRvq e‡j . Avwg Avj−vn, Avwg m„wóKzj‡K
m„wó Kwi Ges aŸsm Kwi| Be‡b Kvmxi Av‡iv e‡jb . Avj−vn ZvAvjv
Zvr¶wbKfv‡e Gme bvw¯—K weag©xi kvw¯—i e¨e¯’v K‡ibwb, †hgb wZwb
K‡iwQ‡jb Avmnveyj dxj Gi †¶‡Î| Zviv wQj wLª÷vb, Avi Giv n‡”Q
Bûw` bvQviv Ges gRymx Z_v AwMœcyRK‡`i g‡a¨ wbK…ó †jvK| KviY, Avj−vn
ZvAvjv KvÕev kix‡di m¤§vb‡K gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj−vg Gi
AvMg‡bi c~e©vfvm K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi c‡i Avi †Kvb kwiqZ †cÖiY K‡ibwb|
ZLb KvÕev kix‡di aŸsm mvwaZ n‡j gvbe gb Awek¦vmx n‡Zv| Aek¨
kwiqZ bvwRj Kivi ci Avj−vn Pvb †h, gymjgvbiv kwiqZ i¶v Ki“K,
kwiqZ‡K gh©v`v `vb Ki“K Ges Kvwdi gykwiK‡`i `gb Ki“K|4
360 wnRix mv‡j GB Kviv‡gZviv `v‡gkK †cuŠ‡Q †mLvbKvi
bvMwiK‡`i m‡½ Ggb AvPiY K‡i, hv †Kvb P¶z †`‡Lwb Ges †Kvb KY©
KL‡bv kÖeY K‡iwb|5
1
mv‡eZ Be‡b mvbvb t Kviv‡gZv‡`i BwZnvm, c„ôv- 38|
2
mv‡eZ Be‡b mvbvb t Kviv‡gZv‡`i BwZnvm, c„ôv- 54& nvRi kni wQj Zv‡`i ivRavbx|
3
wmqvi“ Avwgb byevjv, LÛ-14, c„ôv 539
4
Avjwe`vqvû-Iqvb wbnvqvnv, LÛ-11, c„ôv- 160|
5
ZvwiLyj Kviv‡gZv, c„ôv- 57|
78
AveŸvwmqv mvgªvR¨‡K `ye©j Kivi †Póv
Kviv‡gZviv kw³ AR©b Ki‡j Avey Zv‡ni Avj-Rvbvex Zv‡`i †bZ…Z¡
MÖnY K‡i, ZLb Biv‡Ki †ewki fvM gvbyl Zv‡`i m‡½ _vKvi K_v cÖKvk
K‡i| Iqv‡mZ Ges AvBbyZ Zvgi kn‡i Zviv bvbv `‡j wef³ nq|
BwZc~‡e© Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K †Mvcb ivL‡Zv| AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Zv‡`i m‡½
jovB K‡i weRq jvf K‡ib|
wnRix 375 mv‡j Kviv‡gZviv Kzdvi KZ©Z … ¡ jvf K‡i| ZLb eyqvBnx
kvmKI Zv‡`i m‡½ †Kvgj AvPiY K‡i| wKš‘ Zviv eyqvBnx‡`i m‡½ mL¨Zv
M‡o Zzj‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡j msNvZ m„wó nq| G msNv‡Z Zv‡`i †bZv nvmvb
Be‡b gybwhi wbnZ n‡j Zviv Kzdv Z¨vM K‡i|6
Kviv‡gZv Avi eyqvBnx‡`i m¤úK©
wnRix 360 mv‡j Kviv‡gZviv `v‡gk‡K AvwacZ¨ jvf K‡i| BwZc~‡e©
`v‡gk‡Ki KZ©Z … ¡ wQj wgk‡ii Ievq`x‡`i c¶ †_‡K Rvdi Be‡b dvjvn
Gi nv‡Z| KviY, Kviv‡gZviv `v‡gk‡Ki kvmK mvweK Be‡b ZvMR Gi
m‡½ GKgZ n‡qwQj †h, †m Zv‡`i‡K 3 j¶ `xbvi `vb Ki‡e| Zviv hLb
wmwiqvq hy‡×i msKí K‡i, ZLb Zv‡`i †bZv ûmvBb Be‡b Avng` Be‡b
evnivg eyqvBnx‡`i mnvqZv Kvgbv K‡i Zv‡`i ev`kvn eLwZqvi‡K †cÖiY
K‡ib| wZwb G‡Z mvov †`b Ges `vwe c~iY K‡ib|7
g~j AvnŸvb GK n‡jI Aš—i‡Zv ¶z`ª| `ywbqvi c`- gh©v`vi cÖwZ KzKz‡ii
g‡Zv Qy‡U hvIqv- GUvB‡Zv G hy‡M Kvh©Ki Av‡Q|
Kviv‡gZv‡`i `ye©jZv Ges Zv‡`i cZb
Zv‡`i `yej
© Zvi m~Pbv Gfv‡e n‡q‡Q †h, Zv‡`i m`i `dZi wnRi-G
R‰bK AvnŸvq‡Ki wbKU Zviv GKÎ nq| Avi †m AvnŸvqK wQj Zv‡`i cÖwZ
we‡Øl fvevcbœ| †m R‰bK e¨w³‡K wb‡`©k †`q Avcb fvB‡K nZ¨v Kivi
Rb¨| †jvKwU Zv-B K‡i| wKš‘ Avey Zv‡ni e¨vcviUv duvm K‡i †`q Ges
A‡bK †bZv-KZ©v‡K nZ¨vi Kivi ci Zv‡KI nZ¨v Kiv nq|10 AZtci
†mjRyK‡`i nv‡Z mybxœ ‡œ `i hyM wd‡i Av‡m Ges eyqvBnxiv `yej
© n‡q c‡o|
Gici Ievq`xivI `ye©j n‡q c‡o| cybivq Zv‡`i †K‡›`ª wd‡i hvIqv wQj
¯^vfvweK e¨vcvi| Gi ci Zviv n‡q c‡o wejxb| Z‡e Zv‡`i wPý Avi
wek¦vm wbwðZ nqwb| Biv‡b Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e nvkvkx m¤úÖ`v‡qi D™¢e
nq| nvmvb Be‡b mveŸvn wQj GB be D™¢‚Z m¤úÖ`v‡qi †bZv|

dv‡Zgx‡`i m‡½ Kviv‡gZv‡`i m¤úK©

Ievq`x kvmK gyBh wgm‡i Kviv‡gZv‡`i hy‡×i AwfcÖvq wel‡q Rvb‡Z
†c‡i Zv‡`i wbKU GKUv cÎ †cÖiY K‡ib| G‡Z wZwb wb‡Ri Ges Avn‡j
evq‡Zi †kÖôZ¡ eY©bv K‡ib| wZwb GK_vI D‡j−L K‡ib †h, Df‡qi g~j
AvnŸvb GKB| Avi Kviv‡gZviv‡Zv c~e© †_‡KB Zvi Ges Zvi c~e© cyi“l‡`i
cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q Avm‡Q|8 wKš‘ nvmvb Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Avey mvC`
Zvi Gme K_vi KY©cvZ K‡iwb| eis †m wgm‡i nvgjv Pvwj‡q civwRZ n‡q
wd‡i Av‡m| wdwjw¯—‡bi ivgvj−v kn‡i Zvi g„Zz¨ nq|9 GUv wQj ¯^vfvweK|

6
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ-9 c„ôv-42|
7
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 8 c„ôv- 615|
8
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 638|
9 10
wmqvi“ AvÕjvwgb byev, LÛ-16, c„ôv- 274 Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 351|
79 80
4. eby nvg`vb
wec−e Avi ivR‰bwZK RvMi‡Yi †m hyMUv‡Z Ab¨vb¨ iv‡óªi g‡Zv eby
nvg`vb‡`i D™¢e nq| `v½v nv½vgvi A‡bK Av‡›`vj‡b Zviv AskMÖnY K‡i|
gy‡mj, Rvwhiv Ges DËi wmwiqv ch©šI — Zviv †cuŠ‡Q| KL‡bv Zviv wQj
kvmK‡`i m‡½, Avevi KL‡bv `uvovq kvmK †kÖwYi wei“‡×| Avi‡ei cÖwm×
ÔZMjeÕ Kwejvi mv‡_ G cwievi m¤ú„³| Bmjvg Ges Rv‡nwj hy‡M
†dviv‡Zi GKUv Øx‡c wQj G‡`i †K›`ª| G cwiev‡i cÖ_g †h e¨w³wUi D™¢e
N‡U, †m wQj nvg`vb Be‡b nvg`~b ZMjex| Avj-Rvwhivq Lv‡iRx‡`i
wec−‡ei cÖwZ †m mg_©b Ávcb K‡i| d‡j AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Zv‡`i wei“‡×
jovB Kivi Rb¨ ewnM©Z n‡q Rq jvf K‡ib| nvg`vb cjvqb K‡i; wKš‘
ˆmb¨iv Zvi wcQy avIqv K‡i| d‡j Zvi Rb¨ c„w_ex msKxY© n‡q co‡j †m
AvkÖq cÖv_©x nq| Lwjdv gyZv‡q` Zv‡K cvKovI K‡i e›`x K‡i|1
Lwjdv gyKZvdxi kvmbvg‡j Aveyj nxRv Avãyj−vn Be‡b nvg`vb Be‡b
nvg`~b gy‡mj Ges ZrmvwbœwnZ A‡ji kvmbKZ©v nq| AveŸvmxq Lwjdv
Avj- gyKZvw`i- Gi wei“‡× wec−e Avi †Mvj‡hv‡M Aveyj nxRv Ask MÖnY
K‡i| GB †Mvj‡hv‡M †m wbnZ n‡j Zvi cyÎ nvmvb gy‡mj Gi kvmbKZ©v
wbhy³ nq| Avi Zvi fvB Avjx mvBdz‡ÏŠjv nvj‡ei AwacwZ n‡q 333
wnRix †_‡K Zv‡K ivRavbx‡Z cwiYZ K‡i| wmwiqvi DËiv‡j †ivgvb‡`i
m‡½ hy‡× †m †`‡ki mxgvš— fv‡jvfv‡e i¶v K‡i| †ivgvb‡`i wk¶v †`qvi
Rb¨ A‡bK Awfhv‡b †m wb‡R †bZ…Z¡ †`q| HwZnvwmK Be‡b Kvmxi Zvi
m¤ú‡K© e‡jb . Zvi g‡a¨ wkqv gZev‡`i fve _vKv m‡Ë¡I mvnmx kvmK Ges
A‡bK Kj¨vYKi b„cwZ‡`i g‡a¨ †m wQj Ab¨Zg|2 Zvi Ges †ivgvb‡`i
g‡a¨ hy× Ae¨vnZ wQj| 339, 342 Ges 343 wnRixi NUbvejx‡Z
mvBdz‡ÏŠjv †ivgvb‡`i wei“‡× wecyj weRq AR©b K‡i| Kwe †gvZvbveŸx
Zvi GKwU cÖwm× KweZvqI Gme exi‡Z¡i D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Giv cÖPzi
i³cvZ Avi jyUZiv‡Ri ciB ¶gZvq AwawôZ n‡q †c‡i‡Q (†hfv‡e
†mKv‡j Ges GKv‡j AwaKvsk `j ¶gZvq AwawôZ nq)|
mvaviYZ . Gme iv‡óªi cÖwZôvZv‡`i g‡a¨ exiZ¡ Ges we`¨vbyiv‡Mi
g‡Zv wKQy gnr ¸Y _v‡K| mvBdz‡ÏŠjvi g‡a¨I Gme ¸Yvewji cÖKvk
N‡U‡Q| Z‡e †m iv‡óª wkqv gZev‡`i fveI wQj| Z‡e Zv wQj eÏy‡`i wkqv
fve, hviv `k©b wb‡q †ewk gv_v Nvgvq bv ev †Kvb ZË¡ wb‡q evoevwoI K‡i
1 6
Zvix‡L Be‡b Lvj`yb, LÛ- 434|
2 7
Avj we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 281|
81
bv| Z‡e Zvi G wkqv fve Ab¨vb¨ wkqv iv‡óªi m‡½ mym¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡iB
wnRix 358 mv‡j Avey ZMje Be‡b nvg`vb Kviv‡gZv‡`i wbKU wKQy
Dc‡XŠKb †cÖiY K‡ib, hvi g~j¨ wQj 50 nvRvi w`invg|3 †Kej Dc‡XŠKb
ch©š—B mxgve× wQj bv, eis Zv‡`i ev¯—e mn‡hvwMZvI K‡i‡Qb|
Kviv‡gZviv wgki Ges wmwiqvi AwacwZ AvLkx`vm Gi nvZ †_‡K Zvevwiqv
kni AwaKvi Ki‡Z PvB‡j mvBdz‡ÏŠjvi wbKU †jvnv w`‡q mvnvh¨ Kivi
Av‡e`b Rvbvb| A¯¿ ˆZwii Rb¨ wZwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ wi°v A‡ji cÖvPxi Øvi
†f‡O †`b| wZwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ †jŠner gvbyl jvf K‡ib| GgbwK
e¨emvqx‡`i cwigvc hš¿ ch©š— MÖnY K‡i Gme Zv‡`i Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib|4
ûmvBb Be‡b nvg`vb gy³vw`‡ii wei“‡× loh‡š¿ Ask wb‡q Bebyj gyZvh
Gi Rb¨ evBqvZ MÖn‡Yi †Póv K‡ib| Zvi m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi
e‡jb . †Muvov wkqv Ges Avjx I Avn‡j evq‡Zi cÖwZ †SuvK _vKv m‡Ë¡I
Bebyj gyÕZvh- Gi evqqv‡Zi Rb¨ wZwb †Póv K‡ib| hw`I Bebyj gyÕZvh
wQ‡jb Avjxi we‡ivax Ges cÖwZK…wZ m¤ú‡K© Zvi evovevwo wQj|5 w`qv‡i
eKi- Gi kvmK Avey Avjx Be‡b gviIqvb Ges nvg`vbx‡`i hLb hy× ïi“
nq, ZLb ûmvBb Be‡b nvg`vb e›`x nq| G‡nb KwVb `kvq wgk‡ii
Ievq`x kvmbKZ©v Zvi c‡¶ mycvwik K‡i cÎ wjL‡j Zv‡K gyw³ †`qv nq|
ZLb †m wgki P‡j hvq Ges ZLb Zvi †_‡K nvj‡ei `vwqZ¡ wQwb‡q †bqv
nq|6
Avjx Be‡b Avãyj−vn Be‡b nvg`v‡bi kvmbvg‡j G ivóª cÖùzwUZ n‡jI
Zvi g„Z¨z i ci D³ A‡ji Ab¨vb¨ iv‡óªi g‡ZvB †Kvb iK‡g wU‡K _v‡K|
kvmb KZ©Z … ¡ jvf Kivi Rb¨ P‡j hy× Avi ¸uZv¸uwZ| †kl ch©š— Zvi cyÎ
Aveyj gvÕAvjx †ivg kvmK‡K wRwhqv †`q| Aveyj gvAvjxi g„Zz¨i ci Zvi
cyÎ mvC` Aveyj dvhv‡qj ¶gZvmxb n‡q ¶gZv-`c©x ZzwK©‡`i nvZ †_‡K
†bZ…Z¡ wQwb‡q †bqvi Rb¨ wZb evi †ivgvb‡`i wbKU mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡i|7
3
Av-Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 600|
4
Be‡b Kvmxi, LÛ-11, c„ôv- 270
5
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 8, c„ôv- 18|
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 72|
gynv¤§` D¾Z `i“Rv t ZzK©x KZ©„Z¡ Kv‡j Avie I Avieev`, LÛ- 1, c„ôv-68|
82
5. wnj−vq Avmv`xiv (403-545 wn:) gkûi †bZv nq| AZtci wgk‡ii kvmbKZ©v‡K wZwb wj‡Lb evM`v`
wkqv‡`i mnvqZvi e‡`Šj‡Z evM`v‡`i cwðgv‡ji wnj−v bMix‡Z Aci AwaKv‡i Zv‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨| G †¶‡Î `vexm Be‡b gvhx` Zv‡K
GKwU Avie †MvÎ ¶z`ª ivóª cÖwZôv K‡i| Z‡e eby Avmv‡`i Gme kvmKiv mnvqZv K‡i| evmvmxix ev‡Ni g‡Zv mvnm wb‡q evM`v` cÖ‡ek K‡i Rv‡g
Zv‡`i KZ©…Z¡ cÖwZôv K‡iB ¶vš— nqwb, eis AveŸvmxq iv‡óªi A‡bK NUbv gbm~‡i Ievq`x kvmbKZ©v gy¯v— bwm‡ii c‡¶ LyZev cvV K‡ib| KviL evmx
cÖev‡nB Zviv Ask MÖnY K‡i| Gme NUbvejxi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wech©q D‡¯‹ iv‡dhx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Kiv Zv‡K MÖnY K‡i †bq Ges Zv‡`i wbKU †_‡K
†`qv Ges Lwjdvi Rb¨ msKU m„wó Kiv| Abyiƒc fv‡e Zviv Avkcv‡ki ¶z`ª cyi¯‹vi MÖnY Kivi Aby‡iva Rvbvq|2 Zvi wb‡`©‡k AvRv‡b ÔnvBq¨v Avjv
¶z`ª †`k¸‡jvi Zvr¶wYK wec−‡eI AskMÖnY K‡i| LvBwij AvgvjÕ D”PviY Kiv nq| GUv wnRix 450 m‡bi NUbv| `vi“j
Aveyj nvmvb Avjx Be‡b gvhx` Avm- Avmv`x GB ¶z`ª iv‡óªi cÖwZôvZv| †LjvdZ jyÉb K‡i G‡j Zv‡K wgm‡i †cÖiY Kiv nq †mLv‡b wM‡q evM`v‡`
wnRix 387 mv‡ji NUbvejx‡Z Zv‡K GKwU Avie †Mv‡Îi Avwgi D‡j−L wK AR©b Ki‡jb Zvi weeiY `v‡bi Rb¨| wKš‘ Ievq`x DwRi Zv‡K eiYI
K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Zvi †ek gh©v`v i‡q‡Q Ges Avkcv‡ki †`k¸‡jvI K‡iwb, †Kvb ¸i“Z¡I †`qwb| eis Zv‡K N„Yv-B K‡i| Gici †ewk w`b
Zv‡K ïgvi K‡i| wnRix 403 wnRix‡Z Zvi cyÎ `vexm †bZv nq| Zvi †h‡Z bv †h‡ZB †mjRyKx myjZvb ZzMij †eM Gi AvMgb N‡U| wZwb
kvmbvg‡j G †MvÎwU Biv‡Ki NUbvcÖev‡n weivU f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| ZLb evM`v` cÖ‡ek K‡i evmvmxix‡K Kzdv ev Zvi Avkcvk †_‡K cvKovI K‡i
†m eyqvBnx‡`i Af¨š—ixY ؇›ØI n¯—‡¶c K‡i| eyqvBnx Ges cvk¦©eZ©x Avbvi Rb¨ ˆmb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib| Zv‡K cvKovI Ki‡Z ˆmb¨iv mdj nq Ges
†`k¸‡jvi ؇›ØI †m †ek f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| eby LvdvRvi g‡Zv Ab¨vb¨ †kl ch©š— Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq|3 Avmv`xiv wkqv gZvej¤^x weavq G
†Mv‡Îi ؇›ØI †m †ek f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| eby LvdvRvi g‡Zv Ab¨vb¨ ag©Z¨vMx‡`i mnvqZv K‡i, †hgb Zviv gymjgvb‡`i wei“‡× †ivgvb‡`i
†Mv‡Îi Ø›ØmsNv‡ZI †m n¯—‡¶c K‡i| mnvqZv `vb K‡i|
G †Mv‡Îi me‡P‡q L¨vwZgvb †bZv wQ‡jb Qv`Kv Be‡b gbm~i Be‡b
`vexm| †h †Kvb wech©‡q n¯—‡¶c Kivi ¶gZv wZwb `v`vi wbKU †_‡K
DËivwaKvi m~‡Î jvf K‡ib| Avjvc Avimvb mjRyKxi bvwZ‡`i g‡a¨ hy‡×
wZwb wb‡R‡K Dcw¯’Z K‡ib| wZwbB kw³kvjx‡`i m‡½ _vK‡Zb| Ggb GK
wech©qKv‡j wZwb wbnZ nb| wZwbB wnj−v bMix cËb K‡ib| BwZc~‡e© Zviv
Zuvey‡Z evm Ki‡Zv| cyÎ `vexmI Zuvi ixwZ AbymiY K‡i P‡jb| Zv‡K wnj−v
†_‡K ewn®‹vi Kiv n‡j wZwb wmwiqv Mgb K‡ib Ges nvje Ae‡iv‡a
†ivgK‡`i mnvqZv K‡ib G k‡Z© †h, gymjgvb‡`i Dci weRq jvf Ki‡j
Zv‡K kvmbKZ©v Kiv n‡e| wKš‘ nvgjv e¨_© nq Ges `vexm wnj−vq wd‡i
Av‡mb| †`‡k wd‡i G‡j Zv‡K e›`x Ges myjZvb gvmD` mvjRyKxi wb‡`©‡k
nZ¨v Kiv nq| Gfv‡e 551 wnRix‡Z G iv‡óªi mgvwß N‡U| G mgq Lwjdv
Zv‡`i GKvwaK wech©q Avi `v½v- nv½vgvi Rb¨ Awfhy³ K‡i eby Avmv`‡K
†`k †Q‡o P‡j hvIqvi wb‡`©k †`b|1
G ¶z`ª ivóªwU Avimvjvb evmvmxix‡K mnvqZv `vb K‡i, †h wQj wgm‡i
Ievq`x‡`i AvbyM‡Z¨i cÖwZ AvnŸvbKvix| †m wQj evnvD‡ÏŠjv Be‡b
Avh`y‡ÏŠjv eyqvBnxi ZzwK© µxZ`vm| Gici av‡c av‡c DbœwZ K‡i GKRb
2
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 648|
1 3
gynv¤§` B¾Z `i“Rv t Avie I Avieev`, LÛ-5, c„ôv- 32| Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 6948|
83 84
6. Bqvgv‡b myjvBnx m¤úÖ`vq (429-492 wnRix)
Kvq‡ivq Ievq`x‡`i cÖwZ AvnŸvbKvix GKUv ivóª Bqvgv‡b cvIqv hvIqv
†Kvb we¯§‡qi e¨vcvi bq| wkqv gZvej¤^x cÖPviK whwb Ievq`x‡`i Rb¨
ivR‡Z¡i wfwË ¯’vcb K‡ib, wZwb wQ‡jb Bqvgv‡bi GKRb cÖPviK| †mLvb
†_‡K wZwb †nRvh Mgb K‡ib| †nRvh †_‡K Mgb K‡ib DËi Avwd«Kvq|
wZwb ¯’vb †_‡K ¯’vbvš—‡i Mgb Ki‡jI cÖPvi Kvh© Ae¨vnZ wQj| †m me
¯’v‡b Ggb †jvK wQj, hviv Zv‡`i cwiwPZ avivq m‡›`n msk‡q cwZZ
†jvKRb‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡Zv|
Zv‡`i AvnŸv‡b cÖfvweZ nq Avjx Be‡b gynv¤§` myjvBnx| Avm‡j wZwb
wQ‡jb mybxœ œ cwiev‡ii mš—vb| Zuvi wcZv wQ‡jb Bqvgv‡bi Ab¨Zg KvwR ev
wePviK| †h e¨w³ Zv‡K weåvš— I AvMÖnx K‡i †Zv‡j, †m n‡”Q Av‡gi Be‡b
Avãyj−vn hvIqvnx| Zvi g‡a¨ kivd‡Zi wKQy j¶Y cvIqv hvq| ZvB IwQqZ
K‡ib †h, Zvic‡i myjvBnx n‡e Zuvi Lwjdv| hvIqvnxi aviYv mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ
nq| wnRix 429 mv‡j myjvBnx Z`xq m½x‡`i m‡½ wgmvi ce©‡Zi kxl© †`‡k
GKUv ˆeV‡K wgwjZ nb Ges †mLv‡b GKUv `yM© wbg©vY K‡ib| Gme eÜzivB
Zv‡K weåvš— I wec_Mvgx K‡iwQj|
AZtci ¯’vbwU GKUv wgjb †K›`ª GgbwK bM‡i cwiYZ n‡Z _v‡K Ges
wgm‡i gy¯v— bvwm‡ii c‡¶ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv ïi“ nq| 445 wnRix‡Z wZwb
†MvUv Bqvgv‡bi AwacwZ nb| wZnvgvi kvmbKZ©v‡K nZ¨v Kivi ci wZwb
mvbv †Z ¯’vqx Avmb †M‡o e‡mb| Zuvi ivR‡Z¡ ¯¿x Avmgv web‡Z wknv‡ei
weivU gh©v`vi Avmb wQj|
wnRix 459 mv‡j myjvBnx †nRvh‡K Ievq`xqv iv‡óªi AbyMZ Kivi Rb¨
ewnM©Z nb| Zvi cÖZx¶vq wQ‡jb mvC` Be‡b bvRvn, whwb wQ‡jb wZnvgvi
wbnZ kvm‡Ki cyÎ| †Kvb †Kvb †MvÎ Zv‡K mnvqZv K‡i| d‡j Zviv
myjvBnx‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z m¶g nq|
Avjx Be‡b gynv¤§` myjvBnxi nZ¨vi ci Zv‡`i ivóª `ye©j n‡q c‡o|
hw`I Zv`xq cyÎ Avng‡`i mnvqZvq wKQy Kvj †m ivóª wU‡K wQj| Kvh©Z:
Gmgq wb‡`©k Pj‡Zv Zvi ¯¿x AviIqvi| wnRix 471 mv‡j †m c~Y© KZ©Z … ¡
cÖwZôv K‡i| ZLb †m †nviiv ev ¯^vaxbv Dcvwa aviY K‡i| Ievq`x kvmK
gy¯—vbwmi Zv‡K Ô†nviiv mvnx`vÕ ev b¨vqcivqYv ¯^vaxb igYx e‡j m‡¤^vab
Ki‡Zb| 525 wnRixi ci hyevq`v Ges QvÕ` ¯^vaxb nq| ax‡i ax‡i Zv‡`i
85
ivóª cZ‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q hvq Ges Avj−vn Zv‡`i †_‡K gymjgvb‡`i i¶v
K‡ib|1
7. djvdj I wk¶v
wnRix PZz_© kZvãx kZvãx Ges Zrci eZ©x Kv‡j †hme iv‡óªi D™¢e
nq, †mme m¤ú‡K© G weeiY †ck Kivi ci Avgiv wb‡æv³ djvd‡j †cuŠwQ|
GK . Gme ivóª ci¯úi‡K mnvqZv K‡i; hw`I evn¨`k©x e¨w³ Zv‡`i
g‡a¨ †Kvb mn‡hvwMZv ev m¤úK© †`L‡Z cvq bv| wkqv‡`i AvK¡x`v-wek¦vm
Ges Zv‡`i Aš—wb©wnZ PwiÎ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bv n‡q †h e¨w³ BwZnvm Aa¨qb
K‡i, †m Rvb‡e bv †h, Zviv †Kgb Kg©KvÊ Pvq Ges †Kgb AvPiY K‡i
ci¯ú‡i| †Kvb wm×vš— ev BwZnv‡mi evwn¨K NUbvejxi e¨vL¨v m¤ú‡K© †m
†Kvb mwVK cwiYwZ‡Z †cuŠQ‡Z cvi‡e bv| AvaywbK Kv‡ji A‡bK
ivRbxwZ‡Ki wbKUB GUv KwVb hviv AvK¡x`v- wek¦vm Avi bvbv ag© I K…wói
Mfx‡i †cŠ‡Qwb, Zv‡`i c‡¶ Abyaveb Kiv KwVb n‡e †h, Zv‡`i ixwZbxwZ
AvPvi AvPi‡Yi wewfbœZv m‡Ë¡I †Kb AgyK iv‡dhx †mKz¨jvi ev‡Zbx iv‡óªi
mnvqZv K‡i| Zviv †hme `k©b wb‡q wPš—v K‡i Zvi †hŠw³KZv m¤ú‡K©
AewnZ n‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zv‡`i Rb¨ Gi e¨vL¨v KwVb n‡e †h, †h †`‡k
Bmjv‡gi cZvKv D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq, A_P ZLb †`kwU †mKz¨jvi wkqv ivóª,
†m †`‡k gš¿x mfvi cÖavb wnmv‡e Kxfv‡e GKRb gwnjv mdj n‡Z cv‡i|
Avi wkqviv Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Q, g`` †RvMv‡”Q| Zv‡`i wbKU G‡Z †Kvb
ˆecixZ¨ †bB| hZ¶Y †`kwU wkqv ivóª _vK‡e, Zv‡`i g‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Kiv
Acwinvh©|
Gme ivRbxwZKiv BmivB‡ji m‡½ iv‡dhx Avi ev‡Zbx iv‡óªi mnvqZvi
†Kvb e¨vL¨vI Lu‡y R cv‡e bv| Zviv BwZnvm Aa¨qb Ki‡j †`L‡Z †c‡Zv †h,
`vexm Be‡b Qv`Kv Avmv`x †iv‡g cjvqb K‡i Ges Zv‡`i‡K wb‡q nvje
kni Ae‡iva K‡i, hv‡Z cieZ©xKv‡j †m nvje kn‡ii kvmK n‡Z cv‡i|
Zviv †`L‡Z †cZ †h, Ievq`x- ev‡Zbx iv‡óª Bûw`- wLª÷vbiv gš¿x wQj|
`yB . Gme ivóª ev Zvi AwaKvsk cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q mybvœ ni Kuv‡a fi
K‡i| hw` mybxœ iœ v Zv cÖwZôvi Rb¨ mnvqZv bv Ki‡Zv ev cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Zv
Z‡e cÖ_g my‡hv‡MB Zvi cZb n‡Zv| wKš‘ mvaviY mybxœ ‡œ `i Ae‡njv-
Ag‡bv‡hvwMZv Zv‡`i‡K `ykgb‡`i nv‡Zi †Ljbvq cwiYZ K‡i‡Q|
Zv‡`i‡K w`‡q gvi w`‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i Nv‡oi Dci wmsnvmb ¯’vcb Kiv
1
myjvBnxi Rxebxi Rb¨ Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvÕBqvg, LÛ- 3, c„ôv- 411 Ges Wt Avãyj gyb‡qg gv‡R`
iwPZ dv‡Zgx †Ljvd‡Zi D™¢e, c„ôv 200 MÖš’Øq `ªóe¨|
86
n‡q‡Q| wkqvcš’x Avey Avãyj−vn Zv‡`i‡K wb‡q †Ljv Kivi Av‡M KvZvgv
†MvÎ wkqv ev BmgvCjx †KvbUvB wQj bv| A_P ZvivB cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q
Ievqw`qv ivóª| Avi eyqvBnxiv †Ljvd‡Zi cÖvY‡K›`ª evM`v` kvmb K‡i‡Q
Avi mybœxœ Av‡jg Ges Dhxiiv Zv‡`i m‡½ KvR K‡i‡Q, Zv‡`i‡K mnvqZv
K‡i‡Q|
wZb . Gme †`‡ki †Kvb †KvbwUi m~Pbv n‡q‡Q Ggb me ¯’vb Avi AÂj
†_‡K, †hLvbKvi Awaevmxiv mybvœ n m¤ú‡K© wQj AÁ- g~L,© eis G AÁZvB
Zv‡`i Dci KZ©…Z¡ Ki‡Zv| Aek¨ Zv‡`i ci †hme ev‡Zbx †dK©vi D™¢e
n‡q‡Q, Zviv mybœvni †K›`ª¯’j `~‡i ce©Z ev `yM©g ¯’vb evQvB K‡i †bq| Gme Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
†_‡K eySv hvq †h, GRb¨ Zviv c~e© †_‡K cwiKíbv K‡i bxj bKkv
Gu‡KwQj| G †_‡K gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ me©Î `vIqvZ Qwo‡q †`qv Acwinvh©
n‡q hvq, hv‡Z †Kvb GKUv ¯’vbI Ggb ïb¨ bv _v‡K, †hLv‡b `ykgbiv cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi ïf msev`
my‡hvM †c‡q cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Pvi . G †mªvZaviv wQj AwZ Zxeª †eMevb Avi Gme †`‡ki †Kvb 1. AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Ges mybvœ ni cÖKvk
†KvbwU `xN©¯’vqx n‡qwQj| wKš‘ Zv wQj exRk~b¨ e„¶| Zv `ª“Z Dc‡i D‡V
Ges we¯—vi jvf K‡i| wKš‘ hLb c‡o hvq ZLb Avi DV‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvi 2. kw³kvjx mybœxœ iv‡óªi D™¢e
cÖwZ `qv KiviI †KD _v‡K bv| hZ¶Y gymjgvbiv Zxeª MwZ‡Z Qy‡U bv 3. gv`ªvmv cÖwZôv Ges Ávb-weÁv‡bi ¸i“Z¡
hv‡e, ZZ¶Y GKUv kw³kvjx mybœxœ ivóª cÖwZôvi AvjvgZ †`Lv †`‡e bv|
Zv‡`i‡K bvgv‡Z n‡e Av‡Mi iv‡óªi cZvKv Avi ¯§„wZ wPý| †hb G gyn‚Z©wUi 4. Af¨š—ixY ûgwK m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv
Rb¨ Zviv wbZvš— ˆah© mnKv‡i cÖZx¶vi cÖniY ¸bwQj| 5. wkqv‡`i c„ô‡cvlKZv eR©b Ges
mybœvni gvby‡li Avb›` Dj−vm

87 88
cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi ïf msev`
1. AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Ges mybœvni cÖKvk
A‡bK †¶‡ÎB cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi m~Pbvi D`vniY †`qv hvq; †mme †¶‡Îi
g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Ávb- weÁvb Ges wRnv`| Gme Kvh©Kvi‡Yi cÖfve KL‡bv wQj
cÖZ¨¶ Avi KL‡bv wQj c‡iv¶| d‡j Zv cÖKvk †c‡Zv wej‡¤^, GgbwK
K‡qK `kK c‡i †Kvb †Kvb AveŸvmxq Lwjdvi mybœvn cÖKv‡ki cÖ‡Póv Ges
†m Rb¨ †Rvi †`qv, mybvœ ni mc‡¶ MÖš’ iPbv Ges Zv gvby‡li wbKU cvV
Kivi gva¨‡g me© cÖ_g G cwieZ©‡bi m~Pbv nq|
Lwjdv Kv‡`i wej−vni †LjvdZKv‡j wZwb gyZv‡hjx dKxn‡`i `„wó
AvKl©Y Ki‡j Zviv cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi B”Qv cÖKvk K‡ib Ges iv‡dhx- gyZv‡hjx
ag©gZ Ges Bmjvg we‡ivax wPš—vavivi m‡½ m¤úK© wQbœ Kivi K_v e¨³
K‡ib|1
wnRix 420 mv‡j KvwR Avi Av‡jg‡`i‡K GKwÎZ K‡i Zv‡`i‡K
Lwjdv Kv‡`i wej−vn msM„nxZ GKUv MÖš’ cvV K‡i †kvbv‡bv nq| G MÖ‡š’
†e`AvZ cš’x‡`i cÖwZev` K‡i wkqv LwZe‡`i †_‡K `~‡i _vKvi AvnŸvb
Rvbv‡bv nq|2 myjZvb gvngy` Be‡b mye³ y Mxb G †¶‡Î Avwgi“j gy‡gbx‡bi
wb‡`©k †g‡b †bb Ges gyÕZv‡hjx, iv‡dhx I BmgvCjx‡`i‡K kvw¯— `v‡bi
e¨vcv‡i Avgxi“j gy'‡gbx‡bi bxwZ AbymiY K‡ib| we`AvZcš’x mKj `j‡K
wZwb `~‡i iv‡Lb Ges Zv‡`i‡K †`k †_‡K ewn®‹vi K‡ib I Zv‡`i `vk©wbK
MÖš’vw` R¡vwj‡q †`b|3
1
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 305| AvKvqx iwPZ kiû Dm~‡j BwZKv‡` Avnwjm mybvœ n MÖš’ `ªóe¨,
c„ôv 75|
2 2
Be‡b Kvmxit Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 28|
3 3
Be‡b Kvmxit Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 7|
89
2. kw³kvjx mybœxœ iv‡óªi D™¢e
1. myjZvb gvngy` Mhbex (360-421 wnRix)
gvngy` Be‡b mye³ y Mx‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ PZz_© kZvãxi †k‡li w`‡K cÖv‡P¨ GK
kw³kvjx mybxœ œ iv‡óªi D™¢e nq| G kw³kvjx mybxœ œ iv‡óªi KZ©Z
… ¡ Zuvi nv‡Z
wQj| mvmvbx iv‡óªi c¶ †_‡K wZwb wQ‡jb bxkvcy‡ii kvmbKZ©v| Zuvi wcZv
mey³Mxb wQ‡jb GKRb eo kvmbKZ©v| wZwb wQ‡jb MRwbi AwacwZ Avey
Bmnv‡Ki µxZ`vm| kvmb cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨ KvD‡K bv †i‡L Z`xq gywbe
Bwš—Kvj Ki‡j Zuvi nv‡Z evBqvZ Kivi e¨vcv‡i ˆmb¨iv GKgZ nq| KviY,
Zv‡`i‡K kvmb Kivi †hvM¨Zv Zuvi g‡a¨ wQj, Zuvi wQj cÖÁv- eyw×gËv Ges
myPwiÎ| Zvi g„Zz¨i ci cyÎ gvngy` kvmb- KZ©Z … ¡ jvf K‡i †Lviv-mv‡bi
kvmbKZ©v nb| wZwb mvmvbx iv‡óªi cZb NwU‡q evM`v‡` Lwjdvi Rb¨ LyZev
cvV K‡ib|
AZtci gvngy` wRnv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ¯Z ‘ nb Ges †`‡ki Dci †_‡K hy×
iwnZ K‡ib| Ges wZwb AZx‡Zi mg¯— fyj `~i Kivi msKí K‡ib wnRix
392 m‡b wZwb me©cÖ_g wRnv` K‡ib|1 Zuvi cÖ_g wRnv` Awfhvb wQj fviZ
Awfgy‡L| G Awfhv‡b wZwb †`e‡ji kvmbKZ©vi Dci Rqjvf K‡ib|
Gici wZwb fvi‡Z †`kwUi wei“‡× GKvwaK Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges
†mvgbv_ gw›`‡ii me©en„ r g~wZ© aŸsm K‡ib| GUv wnRix 416 mv‡ji NUbv|
d‡j fviZ Bmjvwg kvm‡bi wbKU ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡i| wZwb fvi‡Z
Bmjv‡gi evYx cÖPvi K‡ib|
HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi Zuvi Rxebx cÖm‡½ e‡jb: wZwb wQ‡jb gnvb
kvmK gnvb gyRvwn` Ges MvwR| Mhbx iv‡R¨i AwacwZ Aveyj Kv‡mg|
fvi‡Z wZwb A‡bK Awfhv‡b weRqx nb| Zvi c~‡e© Ges c‡i fvi‡Z Aci
†Kvb kvm‡Ki c‡¶ Ggb weRq AR©b Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| wZwb cÖf~Z
Mwbg‡Zi m¤ú` jvf K‡ib| GZ m‡ei ciI wZwb wQ‡jb AZ¨š— wek¦¯|—
cvc Ges cvcx‡K wZwb N„Yv Ki‡Zb| Av‡jg Avi gynvwÏm‡K wZwb
fv‡jvevm‡Zb| Øxb`vi Ges Kj¨vYKi e¨w³‡`i‡K wZwb fv‡jvevm‡Zb|2
wgk‡ii dv‡Zgx Lwjdviv Dcnvi-Dc‡XŠKb w`‡q Zuvi †`‡k Zv‡`i
†cÖvcvMvÛvi NuvwU M‡o †Zvjvi †Póv Pvjv‡j wZwb MÖš’ Avi Dc‡XŠKb R¡vwj‡q
†`b|3 Gme †cÖvcvMvÛvq Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwa ZvnvZx‡KI wZwb nZ¨v K‡ib|
1
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv-392|
Be‡b Kvmxi t A- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 32|
Be‡b Kvmxi t A- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 32|
90
KvwR Avey gbm~i gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Avj-Bh`xi wbKU Zvi L”Pi
Dcnvi wnmv‡e †cÖiY K‡i wZwb e‡jb: G L”P‡ii wc‡V Av‡ivnY KiZ:
me‡P‡q eo bvw¯—K| GLb Zvi wc‡V Av‡ivnY Ki“K me‡P‡q eo
ZvInx`ev`x|4 ivq AÂj AwaKvi K‡i wZwb Lwjdv K‡`i wej−vni wbKU
cÎ wj‡Lb| Zv‡Z wZwb D‡j−L K‡ib †h, gyB¾y‡ÏŠjv eyqvBnxi wbKU wZwb
A‡bK ¯^vaxb igYx †`L‡Z cvb, hv‡`i msL¨v wQj cÂv‡ki AwaK| G‡`i
M‡f© Zvi wZwikwUi AwaK mš—vb Rb¥ †bq| G m¤ú‡K© Zv‡K wRÁvmv Kiv
n‡j †m e‡j . GUv Avgvi c~e© cyi“l‡`i Af¨vm| Zvi Ji‡m ev‡Zbx
m¤úÖ`v‡qi m½x‡`i A‡b‡KiB Rb¥ n‡q‡Q| wZwb gyÕZv‡hjx m¤úÖ`v‡qi
†jvKRb‡K †Lvivmv‡b wbe©vwmZ K‡ib Ges `k©b I †R¨vwZwe©`¨vi eB cy¯—K
R¡vwj‡q †`b|5
G gnvb gyRvwn` kvmK wnRix 421 mv‡j Bwš—Kvj K‡ib| GiciI
Mhbx‡Z Zuvi cÖwZwôZ ivóª `xN©Kvj wU‡K wQj| wn›`y‡`i wei“‡× wRnv‡` Zuvi
†`ŠwnÎI wQj ZuviB g‡Zv| myjZvb gvngy` Mhbexi fviZ AwaKv‡ii ci
†_‡K wnRix ·qv`k kZvãx ch©š— gymwjg kvmb AUzU wQj| Gici
Bs‡iR‡`i kvmb P‡j| Bs‡iRiv P‡j hvIqvi mgq fvi‡Zi kvmb ¶gZv
wn›`y‡`i nv‡Z w`‡q hvq|
2. †mjRyK esk
Mhbxi kvmKiv fvi‡Z Awfhvb cwiPvjbvi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvM †`q, wKš‘
†mjRyK kvmKiv cwð‡gi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ivRavbx evM`v`‡K eyqvBnx
kvmK‡`i AwaKvi †_‡K gy³ K‡i| Zviv AveŸvmxq Lwjdv‡K evmvmxix‡`i
Av‡›`vjb †_‡KI gy³ K‡i| GB evmvmxixiv wQj Kvq‡ivi Ievq`x
kvmK‡`i mg_©K| †mjRyK ivóª wmwiqv ch©š— we¯—…wZ jvf K‡i Ges
Avbv‡hv‡j †iv‡gi cÖwZ‡ekx nq| Zviv cÖv‡P¨ mgi-K‡›`i gv-IqvivDb bni
AwZµg K‡i hvq| Zviv BivK Ges †Lvivmv‡b iv‡dhx Ges ev‡Zbx‡`i
†Kvgi †f‡O †`q|
wnRix 430 mv‡j me©c_Ö g G iv‡óªi D™¢e nq| †mjRy‡Ki bvgvbymv‡i G
iv‡óªi bvgKiY Kiv nq| whwb wQ‡jb Kv‡di ZzwK© kvm‡Ki Ab¨Zg
†mbvcwZ| ZzwK© kvm‡Ki f‡q wZwb †`k Z¨vM K‡i gymwjg †`‡k Mgb
K‡ib Ges Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi cyÎ gxKvCj ZzwK© Kv‡di‡`i m‡½
hy‡×i Av‡qvRb K‡i GKUv hy‡× wbnZ nq| gxKvC‡ji ¯’jvwfwl³ nq
4 3
Be‡b Lv‡j−Kvb t Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvBqvb|
5 4
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 372| A-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 28|
91
gynv¤§` ZzMij †eM Ges `vD` RyMix †eM| Kvh©Z . G `yÕRbB †mjRyK
iv‡óªi wfwË ¯’vcb K‡i Zv‡K my`p„ Ges msnZ K‡ib|1
ZzMij †e‡Mi kvmbvg‡j Zviv †Lvivmvb AwaKvi K‡i evM`v` ch©š—
†cuŠ‡Q| Lwjdv evmvmxix‡`i †bZvi nvgjvi Avk¼v †iva Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i
wbKU dwiqv` Ki‡j Zviv evM`v` bMix‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i| ZzMij †e‡Mi
evM`v‡` cÖ‡e‡ki d‡j wnRix 447 m‡b gmwR‡`i `iRv †_‡K
Lwjdv‡`i‡K MvwjMvjvR K‡i †jLv gy‡Q †djv nq| ivóª cÖavb iv‡dhx‡`i
†bZv Avãyj−vn Avj-Rvj−ve‡K Zvi fvovevwoi Kvi‡Y nZ¨v Kivi wb‡`©k
†`b|2 ZzMij †e‡Mi g„Z¨z i ci Zvi åvZz®úyÎ gynv¤§` Be‡b `vD` Avjvc
Avimvjvb ivóª cÖavb nb| Zvi kvmbvg‡j ivóª Pig cÖmvi jvf K‡i Ges
gymjgvb‡`i nviv‡bv †MŠie wd‡i Av‡m| gymjgvbiv weivU weRq jvf K‡i|
Avjc Avimvjvb Ges †ivg †mbvcwZ Avigvbym Gi g‡a¨ msNwUZ gvRKz`©
Gi hy‡× gymjgvbiv †ivgvb‡`i Dci Ggb ¯§iYxq weRq jvf K‡i hv
`xN©w`b †_‡K gymjgvbiv ïb‡Z cvqwb| A_P G hy‡× †ivg evwnbxi ˆmb¨
msL¨v gymjgvb‡`i †P‡q K‡qK kZ ¸Y †ewk wQj3 G cÖm‡½ HwZnvwmK
Be‡b Kvmxi e‡jb .
wnRix 463 mv‡j †ivg †mbvcwZ Avigvbym ce©Zmg wekvj evwnbx wb‡q
GwM‡q Av‡m| Zvi m‡½ Bs‡iR ˆmb¨I| Avjvc Avimvjvb ¯^í msL¨K ˆmb¨
wb‡q Zv‡`i †gvKvwejv K‡ib| kΓ c‡¶i 20 nvRvi ˆm‡b¨i wekvj evwnbx
†`‡L myjZvb wKQyUv fxZ nb| ZLb dKxn Avey bQi gynv¤§` Be‡b Avãyj
gv‡jK Avj †evLvwi myjZvb‡K ïµevi hy× ïi“ Ki‡Z e‡jb, †m mgq mg¯—
gmwR‡`i Bgvg Ges LwZeiv hy‡× Zv‡`i weR‡qi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki‡e| Dfq
evwnbx gy‡LvgywL n‡j myjZvb Ak¦ c„ô †_‡K AeZiY K‡i Avj−vni `iev‡i
†mR`vq c‡o Avj−vni wbKU †`vqv K‡ib| Avj−vn gymjgvb‡`i‡K mvnvh¨
K‡ib| wekvj †ivgvb evwnbx civwRZ Ges Zv‡`i AwacwZ e›`x nq|4
myjZvb Avjvc Avimvjv‡bi fv‡jv Kv‡Ri GKUv NUbv GLv‡b D‡j−L
Kiv hvq| nvje mdiKv‡j wZwb nvj‡ei kvmbKZ©v gvngy` Be‡b wgi`vm‡K
Zvi m¤§y‡L nvwRi nIqvi wb‡`©k `vb K‡ib| G mgq gvngy` PvjvwK Kivi
†Póv K‡i| Df‡qi g‡a¨ `~Z kixd Ziv` hvqbvex‡K e‡j . myjZvb‡K ej
1
Avj- we`vqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 51|
2
Avj- we`vqvnv, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 51|
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 10, c„ôv- 64|
Avj- we`vqvnv, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 107|
92
†h, gvngy` AveŸvmxq Lwjdv‡`i wLjvZ cwiavb K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i c‡¶
LyZev cvV K‡i‡Q| ZLb myjZvb Avimvjvb ej‡jb . †Kvb e¯‘ Zv‡`i
LyZevi mgvb n‡e? Zviv‡Zv AvRv‡b ÔnvBq¨v Avjv LvBwij AvgvjÕ e‡j|
Zv‡K Aek¨B nvwRi n‡Z n‡e|5
wnRix 462 mv‡j g°vi kvmbKZ©vi `~Z gynv¤§` Be‡b Avey nv‡kg
myjZv‡bi wbKU AvMgb K‡i Lwjdv Kv‡qg Ges myjZv‡bi c‡¶ LyZev cvV
Kiv, wgk‡ii Ievq`x kvm‡Ki c‡¶ LyZev cvV Z¨vM Kiv Ges AvRv‡b
ÔnvBq¨v Avjv LvBwij AvgvjÕ Z¨vM Kivi Rb¨ ej‡j myjZvb Zv‡K 30
nvRvi `xbvi `vb K‡i e‡jb . gw`bvi Avwgi G iKg KvR Ki‡j Avgiv
Zv‡K 20 nvRvi `xbvi `vb Kie| Zuvi m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi
e‡jb . Avjvc Avimvjvb wQ‡jb b¨vqcivqY kvmK, `vbkxj Ges eyw×gvb
e¨w³| wZwb cÖPiz `vb- `w¶Yv K‡ib|6
Avjvc Avimvjv‡bi cyÎ gv‡jKkvn- Gi kvmbvg‡j iv‡óªi kw³ Ges
we¯—…wZ N‡U| Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ iv‡óªi g‡Zv †m iv‡óªI Øxwb Rhev, ivóª-cÖxwZ Avi
KZ©…Z¡ cÖwZôv Ges †jvKR‡bi cÖwZ K‡VviZvi NUbv N‡U| Z‡e Zvi GKUv
fv‡jv w`K GB †h, †m ivóª Ggb exR ecb K‡i, hvi djvdj cÖKvk cvq
cieZ©xKv‡j| Zv‡`i ¯^bvgab¨ DwRi wQ‡jb nvmvb Be‡b Avjx, hvi Dcvwa
wQj wbhvgyj gyjK| wZwb gv‡jK kvn‡K civgk© †`b Ggb e¨w³‡K Avwgi
Ges †mbvcwZ wb‡qvM Kivi Rb¨, hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q PwiÎ, `xb`vwi Ges
exiZ¡| G‡`i Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb AvK mvbKvi, whwb wQ‡jb b~i“Ïxb gvngy‡`i
`v`v| nvje, w`qv‡i eKi I Rvwhiv A‡ji kvmbKZ©v wbhy³ Kiv nq
Zuv‡K| HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi Zuvi m¤ú‡K© e‡jb . PwiÎ Avi Aš—wb©wnZ
¸Y-gvay‡h©i wePv‡i wZwb wQ‡jb PgrKvi kvmK Ges me‡P‡q †ewk `vbkxj
e¨w³|7 Z`xq cyÎ Bgv`yÏxb Rw½ µz‡mWvi‡`i wei“‡× wRnv‡`i m~Pbv
K‡ib| Zuvici Z`xq cyÎ b~i“Ïxb gvngy` µz‡mWvi‡`i wei“‡× `uvovb|
myjZvb mvjvûÏxb AvBqyex myjZvb hv‡ni evqevm© Ges myjZvb KvjvDb
µz‡mWvi‡`i wei“‡× †h weRq Awfhvb ïi“ K‡ib, G cwievi Zvi wfwË
¯’vcb K‡iwQj| Gi d‡j gymwjg Rvnv‡b ZvInx` I H‡K¨i hy‡Mi m~Pbv
nq|8
ÔAvK mvbKvi Avj- evimvKxÕI wQ‡jb myjZvb gvngy` †mjRyKxi
Ab¨Zg †mbvcwZ| wZwb wQ‡jb gy‡mj A‡ji kvmbKZ©v| µz‡mW hy‡× wZwb
AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| 520 wnRix‡Z gy‡mj gmwR‡` bvgvRiZ Ae¯’vq
ev‡Zbxiv Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i| HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi Zuvi m¤ú‡K© e‡jb .
wZwb GKRb fv‡jv ZzwK© µxZ`vm| ¸Yx Ávbx Ges †bKKvi‡`i‡K wZwb
fv‡jvevm‡Zb| mywePvi cQ›` Ki‡Zb Ges wb‡RI mywePvi Ki‡Zb| wZwb
wQ‡jb Ab¨Zg DËg kvmK| mgq g‡Zv h_vixwZ bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡Zb Ges
iv‡Î Zvnv¾y` bvgvR co‡Zb|9 †mjRyKiv ¶gZvq AwawôZ n‡q
†Ljvd‡Zi gh©v`v wdwi‡q Av‡bb, hv cÖvq wbwðý n‡q c‡owQj: we‡kl K‡i
wbhvgyj g~j‡Ki gwš¿ZK ¡ v‡j| KviY wZwb AvBb Ges †Ljvd‡Zi gh©v`v cybt
cÖwZôv K‡ib fv‡jvfv‡e|10
wbhvgyj gyjK Ávbwccvmv‡`i Rb¨ gv`ªvmv cÖwZôvi mvnwmKZvc~Y© KvR
K‡ib| wnRix 459 mv‡j evM`v‡` wbhvwgqv gv`ªvmvi BgviZ wbg©vY KvR
mgvß K‡ib| bxkvcyi BZ¨vw` kn‡iI wZwb gv`ªvmvi BgviZ wbg©vY KvR
mgvß K‡ib| mybxœ œ gv`ªvmv cÖwZôvi G aviv wgm‡iI we¯—vi jvf K‡i| A_P
ZLb wgki wQj ev‡Zbx Ievq`x‡`i kvmbvax‡b| Lwjdv hv‡ni- Gi DwRi
Aveyj nvmvb Avjx Be‡b mvjvg wnRix 544 mv‡j GKUv gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ib
Ges Zvi cÖavb K‡ib nv‡dR mvjvdx‡K| Av‡jKRvw›`ªqvq wQj kv‡dwq‡`i
GKgvÎ gv`ªvmv| 532 wnRix‡Z AvIwdqv gv`ªvmv ¯’vwcZ nq Ges gv`ªvmvi
cÖavb wbhy³ Kiv nq gv‡jwK dKxn Be‡b Zv‡ni Be‡b AvId‡K| G `yÕwU
gv`ªvmvi D‡Ïk¨ wkqv‡`i ag©gZ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nIqv Ges mybxœ œ gvRnv‡ei
cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv|11
wbhvgyj gyjK wQ‡jb kv‡dwq gRnv‡ei dKxn| nvw`m Ges Awfavb
wel‡qI wZwb wQ‡jb cwÊZ e¨w³| dKxn Avi Av‡jg‡`i Øviv Zvi `ievi
RgRgvU wQj| Giv Zuvi m‡½ me©`v mgq KvUv‡Zb| wZwb h_vmg‡q wbqwgZ
bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡Zb| Zuvi Ab¨Zg fv‡jv KvR wQj Ab¨vq Ki iwnZ Kiv|
†hme Av‡jg Zv‡K K‡Vvi Dc‡`k w`‡Zb Ggb e¨w³‡`i‡K wZwb m¤§vb
Ki‡Zb|12 HwZnvwmK Avey kvgv Zuvi ¸Yvewj Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ e‡jb . wZwb
wQ‡jb Av‡jg , dKxn, wek¦¯,— Kj¨vYKvgx, webqx Ges b¨vqcivqY|

5 9
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ-10 c„ôv- 61| Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 10, c„ôv- 633|
6 10
Avj-Kvwgj, LÛ- 10, c„ôv- 74| Avi ivIhvZvBb dx AvLev wiÏvI jvZvBb, c„ôv- 31|
7 11
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 157| Wvt gynv¤§` nvg`x gvbvex t dv‡Zgx hy‡Mi Dhxi I IhviZx, c„ôv- 108|
8 12
gv‡ni nvg`v t ivR‰bwZK Ges cÖkvmwbK `jxj, LÛ- 4, c„ôv- 9| Avj-Kvwgj, LÊ- 10, c„ôv -209 |
93 94
Øxb`vi‡`i‡K wZwb fv‡jvevm‡Zb| Zuvi `vb-Q`Kv Avi IqvKd Gi †Kvb
mxgv wQj bv| mviv `ywbqvq Zuvi gv`ªvmv L¨vZ| †Kvb kni bMi Ggb wQj bv,
†hLv‡b wZwb gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ibwb| GgbwK hvRxiv Be‡b Avgi, hv wQj
†`‡ki GK cÖv‡š— Aew¯’Z, †mLv‡bI wZwb PgrKvi GKUv eo gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb
K‡ib| wZwb h_vixwZ bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡Zb| Bev`‡Zi Kv‡R †KD Zuv‡K
AwZµg K‡i †h‡Z cvi‡Zv bv|13 Avey eKi ZiZzkx Gme wbg©j Ávb PP©vi
cÖZ¨¶ K‡ib Ges ÔwmivRyj gyjK y Õ MÖ‡š’ Zvi weeiYI w`‡q‡Qb| evM`v`
mdiKv‡j wZwb Gme j¶Y cÖZ¨¶ K‡ib|
wnRix 485 mv‡ji ïi“‡Z DwRi wbhvgyj g~jK myjZvb gv‡iK kv‡ni
m‡½ evM`v‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ Bmdvnvb †_‡K ewnM©Z nb| igRv‡bi `kg Zvwi‡L
wbnvIqv›` Gi wbKU GKUv MÖvg AwZµgKv‡j R‰bK ev‡Zbx evjK wfLvwii
†e‡k Zuvi wbKU Av‡m| evjKwU wbKUeZ©x n‡q Zv‡K QywiKvNvZ K‡i
cvjvevi †Póv K‡i, wKš‘ aiv c‡o wbnZ nq| wKQy¶Y ciB wZwb Bwš—Kvj
K‡ib| Avj−vn Zuvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b| ev‡Zbxiv 500 wnRix‡Z Zuvi cyÎ
dLi“j gyjK‡KI nZ¨v K‡i|14
3. Ávb PP©vi ¸i“Z¡
iv‡dhx Avi ev‡Zbx ag©g‡Zi cZ‡bi d‡j Avn‡j mybœvni Kv‡Q
ms¯‹vig~jK Ávb PP©vi ¸i“Z¡ e„w× cvq| cÖKvk cvq Ávb- PP©vi `yÕwU
†mªvZaviv| Ávb- PP©vi fveaviv kw³kvjx Kivi †¶‡Î hvi i‡q‡Q weivU
cÖfve Avi f~wgKv|
Bgvg gvIqv`©x kv‡dwq (wnt 364-450) wQ‡jb †mme Av‡jg‡`i
Ab¨Zg; †mjRyK kvmK‡`i ms¯‹vig~jK Kg©KvÊ cÖKvk cvIqvi c~‡e©B †hme
Av‡jg gymjgvb‡`i msKU Avi mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© AvuP Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb| Zvi
cÖYxZ MÖš’ ÔAv`veyÏywbqv Iqv`-`xbÕ MÖš’ gymjgvb‡`i Rxe‡bi RwUj Ges
m~² wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi †m RwUj welqUv n‡”Q, fvimvg¨
i¶v K‡i Avgiv Kxfv‡e `xb Ges `ywbqvi g‡a¨ mvgÄm¨ weavb Ki‡Z cvwi?
d‡j `ywbqv Øx‡bi Dci †Ru‡K em‡e bv, Avevi `ywbqv‡K m¤ú~Yi© ƒ‡c eR©bI
Kiv n‡e bv| Avi mydxiv G aviYvUv gymjgvb‡`i Dci wgwkÖZ K‡i
†d‡j‡Qb| Avj- gvIqv`©x e‡jb . `ywbqvi weK…wZ †Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e
bv, cvi‡e bv Zv‡K Kjw¼Z Ki‡Z| c¶vš—‡i `ywbqvi Kj¨v‡Yi m‡½ hvi
13
AvieIhvZvBb dx AvLevwiÏvIjvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 25|
14
Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 150|
95
Ae¯’vi wech©q N‡U‡Q Avi `ywbqvi KvR Kvievi wVKg‡Zv P‡j‡Q, †m
`ywbqvi KvR wVK Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb ¯^v` Av¯^v`b Ki‡e bv| Avi fv‡jvfv‡e
`ywbqvi KvR mgvav Kivi Rb¨ †m cv‡e bv †Kvb cÖfve|1 Avj-gvIqv`©x
ÔAvj-AvnKvgym myjZvwbqvÕ MÖ‡š’ kvmb Kv‡h© mgm¨vewj mgvavb wel‡q
Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|
Gici kv‡dwq Ges nv¤^jx `yÕwU gv`ªvmv cÖKvk cvq| myjZvb Bgv`yÏxb
Rw½ †h wRnv` Avi Bmjvwg ms¯‹vi Kv‡Ri m~Pbv K‡ib, G gv`ªvmv Øq Zvi
†¶Î cÖ¯‘‡Z Ges Zvi Rb¨ cwi‡ek M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R mnvqZv K‡i‡Q|
kv‡dqx wPš—vaviv
evMv`v‡`i wbhvwgqv gv`ªvmv †_‡K G gv`ªvmvi †mªvZaviv m„wó nq, †h
gv`ªvmvi wk¶K wQ‡jb Avey BmnvK wmivRx Ges Avey Avãyj−vn Zvevixi g‡Zv
wewkó Av‡jg | Kv‡ji †miv Av‡jg, hviv hy‡Mi ev¯—eZv Abyaveb Ki‡Zb
Ges hy‡Mi mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc Ki‡Zb, Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q gkûi
wQ‡jb Bgvgyj nvivgvBb Aveyj gvAvjx Avj- RyqvBbx| Zuvi iwPZ MÖš’
ÔwMqvmyj Dgvg dx BjwZqvwmm hyjvgÕ kwiqwZ weavb m¤úwK©Z ivR‰bwZK
MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ cÖwm×| G MÖ‡š’ gymjgvb‡`i ev¯—e mgm¨v wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| G‡Z †Kej ZvwË¡K Avi `vk©wbK welq wb‡qB Av‡jvPbv Kiv nqwb|
Bgvgyj nvivgvBb Avj-RyqvBbxi Ab¨Zg wkl¨ wQ‡jb Avey nv‡g` Av-
Mvhvjx|2 gymjgvb‡`i Ae¯’v ms‡kva‡bi wbq‡Z Avj- Mvhvjx ÔGnBqvD
DjywgÏxbÕ MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| wKš‘ `yt‡Li welq, MÖš’wU Rvj Avi `ye©j nv`x‡m
fiv| GQvovI Zv‡Z i‡q‡Q mydx‡`i A‡hŠw³K Kí Kvwnwb Avi `vk©wbK‡`i
åvš— Dw³| GiciI Zuvi MÖ‡š’ AvZ¥ïw×i gva¨‡g ms¯‹v‡ii `„wófw½ ¯’vb jvf
K‡i‡Q| Zuvi wei“‡× Awf‡hvM Kiv nq †h, µz‡mW hy× Avi µz‡mWvi‡`i
wmwiqv AwaKv‡ii Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jI †Kvb MÖ‡š’B wZwb wRnv‡`i D‡j−L
1
Av`veyÏybBqv IqvÏxb, c„ôv- 200|
2
Zuvi Rxebx m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Be‡b Kvmxi e‡jb t gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Bgvgyj nvivgvB‡bi
wbKU wdK‡ni Ávb jvf K‡ib| wZwb wQ‡jb weP¶Y Ges †gavex, hvi cwiPq ˆkkeK †_‡KB
cvIqv hvq| wZwb evM`v‡`i weL¨vZ wbhvwgqv gv`ªvmvq wk¶v jvf K‡ib| c‡i G cÖwZôv‡b
wk¶KZvI K‡ib| wewkó Av‡jgeM© Zuvi `iev‡i Dcw¯’Z nb| G‡`i g‡a¨ Aveyj LvËve Ges Be‡b
AvKx‡ji bvg we‡klfv‡e D‡j−L‡hvM¨| Zuvi cÖÁv Avi evwM¥Zvq Giv wew®§Z nb| (Avj-we`vqvn
Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 12 c„ôv-185)| Zuvi †gav m¤ú‡K© Be‡b ZvBwgqv e‡jb t eû ag©gZ m¤ú‡K©
Zuvi weivU cvwÛZ¨ wQj| `k©b MÖš’ Øviv wZwb cÖfvweZ wQ‡jb| †kl Rxe‡b wZwb `k©b Z¨vM K‡i
eyLvix gymwjg Aa¨vqb K‡ib|
96
K‡ibwb| Zuvi c¶ †_‡K Awf‡hv‡Mi Rev‡e ejv nq †h, µz‡m‡Wi wec`
m¤ú‡K© wZwb AewnZ wQ‡jb| Z‡e wZwb g‡bvwb‡ek K‡iwQ‡jb AvZ¥vi
ms‡kva‡bi cÖwZ| Zuvi hy‡M hv wKQy N‡U‡Q, Zvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z G Reve h‡_ó
bq| Z‡e mywdiv mvaviYZ: wRnv` †Kw›`ªK bb|
Z‡e gvbeviv m¤ú‡K© Bgvg Mvhvjxi Av‡jvPbv PgrKvi| gymjgvb‡`i
Aš—‡i †mme Av‡jvPbvi weivU cÖfveI i‡q‡Q| wZwb Av‡jg mgv‡Ri
Ae¯’vi mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib| KviY wZwb g‡b Ki‡Zb †h, Av‡jg mgvR
ms‡kvab n‡j kvmK †kÖwY ms‡kvab nq| Avi kvmKeM© ms‡kvab n‡j cÖRv
eM©I ms‡kvab nq| G m¤ú‡K© wZwb e‡jb . Z‡e eZ©gvb †jvf- jvjmv
Av‡jg mgv‡Ri Uuwz U †P‡c a‡i‡Q, hvi d‡j Zviv bxie| Avi Zuviv K_v
ej‡jI Zuv‡`i K_v Avi Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ †Kvb wgj _v‡K bv| d‡j Zuviv mdj
nb bv| Áv‡bi nK Av`vq K‡i Zviv mZ¨ ej‡j Aek¨B mdj n‡Zb| d‡j
kvmKe‡M©i weK…wZi Kvi‡Y kvmK †kÖwYi weK…wZ N‡U| `ywbqvi fv‡jvevmv
hvi Dci †Ru‡K e‡m, nxb-bxP †jvK‡`i mgv‡jvPbv Kivi ¶gZv Zvi _v‡K
bv| Z‡e Ggb †jvK †Kgb K‡i kvmKeM© Avi eo †jvK‡`i mgv‡jvPbv
Ki‡e?3 wZwb Av‡jg‡`i mgv‡jvPbv K‡i e‡jb, hy‡Mi cÖ‡qvR‡bi m‡½ †hvM
†bB, Ggb me mgm¨vi Av‡jvPbvq Zviv Kxfv‡e Rov‡Z cv‡ib? wZwb e‡jb
. mvnvev‡q †Kivg iv. †Kej b~Zb b~Zb NUbv Avi mgm¨v m¤ú‡K©B civgk©
Ki‡Zb| Avgiv †`wL bv †h, weZK©Kvix †Kej †m me mgm¨v‡KB evQvB
K‡i †bb, hv LyeB RwUj; eis Zviv Ggb `vwe Ki‡Zb, hv †kvbv n‡Zv|
d‡j Zv‡Z weZ‡K©i my‡hvM _vK‡Zv, Ae¯’v hvB †nvK bv †Kb|4 ZK© weZK©
fv‡jvevmvi Kvi‡Y Zviv wdKvn Aa¨qb Ki‡Zb Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ávb Aa¨qb
Ki‡Zb bv, A_P Bmjvwg mgv‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb wQj †mme Ávb Aa¨q‡bi|
weP¶Y e¨w³ Rv‡bb †h, Zvi A_©vr we`¨v_©xi D‡Ïk¨ hw` n‡q _v‡K di‡R
wKdvqvi †¶‡Î nK Av`vq Kiv, Z‡e Aek¨B Zvi Dci di‡R AvBb‡K
AMÖMY¨ Ki‡Zb| eis A‡bK di‡R wKdvqv‡K Zvi Dci AMÖMY¨ Ki‡Zb|
Ggb A‡bK kni Av‡Q, †hLv‡b wgmix A_©vr Agymwjg Qvov †Kvb wPwKrmK
†bB| Avi wdKnx weav‡bi †¶‡Î wPwKrmK‡`i mv‡_ mswk−ó wel‡q Zv‡`i
mv¶¨ MÖnY Kiv Rv‡qR bq| G Qvov Avgiv Ggb †jvK †`wL bv, whwb
d‡Zvqv Ges Zvi ev¯—e Reve wb‡q e¨¯— _v‡Kb| Gi wK †Kvb KviY i‡q‡Q?
Z‡e wPwKrmv kv¯¿ Ggb welq bq, †hLvb ch©š— mn‡R †cuŠQv hvq| GRb¨
3 7
GnBqvD DjywgÏxb 1/42|
4
GnBqvD DjywgÏxb 1/43|
97
mgq e¨q Ki‡Z nq........... GwZ‡gi A_© m¤ú` wePv‡ii GgbwK
mgmvgwqK †jvKR‡bi Dci †kÖôZ¡ AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|5
†Kvb †Kvb mvgvwRK e¨vwai Dckg cÖm‡½ wZwb Òab mÂq abx‡`i
gb¯—Ë¡Ó- G K_vi D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb . wKQy †jvK Ggb Av‡Qb, hviv gmwR`,
gv`ªvmv, mivBLvbv Ges cyj wbg©vY Ki‡Z AvMÖnx| Giv Gme wbg©vY Kv‡h©
wb‡R‡`i bvg †Lv`vB K‡i| Gme †jv‡Kiv `yÕfv‡e cÖZvwiZ nq| GK . my`-
Nym Avi Ryjgy Ges ci¯^ AcniY Øviv Giv Gme wbg©vY K‡i| `yB . Zviv
†Kvb †Kvb mgq ˆea c‡_ m¤ú` DcvR©b K‡i wVKB, wKš‘ gmwR` wbg©v‡Yi
cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek Kivq †jvK †`Lv‡bvi e¨vwa Ges cÖksmv jv‡fi AvKv•¶v
Zv‡`i‡K †c‡q e‡m‡Q| Ggb wKQy †jvKI Av‡Q hviv n‡R A_© e¨q Ki‡Z
Drmvnx| A_P Zv‡`iB cÖwZ‡ekxiv bv †L‡q gviv hv‡”Q| Av‡iK †kÖwYi
†jvK Av‡Q, hviv m¤ú‡`i fvÊvi wb‡q e¨wZe¨¯—| hv‡`i‡K K…cY ejv P‡j|
Giv kvixwiK Bev`v‡Z e¨wZe¨¯—, hv‡Z wKQyB e¨q Ki‡Z nq bv| †hgb mviv
w`b †ivRv ivLv Avi mviv ivZ bvgvR cov|6
Avm‡j Mvhhvjx GLv‡b Zuvi mgvR `k©‡b bxwZ Av`k© MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Zuvi
wk¶K Aveyj gvAvjx Avj- RyqvBbxi wPš—vaviv †_‡K| kwiqwZ ivRbxwZ
m¤ú‡K© wZwb AZ¨š— ¯úó fvlvq Bmjvwg iv‡óªi f~wgKv wee„Z K‡i‡Qb|
Av‡jg mgvR Ges kvmb KZ©c … ‡¶i f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©I wZwb Av‡jvPbv
K‡i‡Qb| D¤§vi ms¯‹vi- ms‡kvab, mywePvi Ges A_©bxwZ wel‡q wZwb ¸i“Z¡
w`‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡ib Ges Zuvi iwPZ MÖš’ ÔwMqvmyj Dgvg dx BjwZqvwmm
hyjvgÕ-G wZwb mwe¯—v‡i Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| G‡Z wZwb Av‡jg mgv‡Ri
f~wgKv ¯úó K‡i e¨³ K‡i e‡jb †h, g~jZ . ZuvivB n‡”Q AbymiYxq|
†mjRyKx7 DwRi wbhvgyj gyjKy ‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i wZwb e‡jb . gnvb gRwj‡mi
wbKU Avwg hv Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z PvB, Zv n‡”Q GB †h, mKj Kv‡R Av‡jg
5
cÖv¸³ 1/21|
6
cÖv¸³ 3/397| GB MÖ‡š’i AwaKvs cvÛywjwc m¤úv`b Kivi ci Avwg Wt gv‡R` Avimvjvb
Kxjvbxi †jLv m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nB| Zuvi MÖ‡š’i bvg ‫هﻜﺬا ﻇﻬﺮ ﺟﻴﻞ ﺻﻼح اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
ÔmvjvûÏxb cÖR‡b¥i Gfv‡e AvMgb N‡U‡Q|Õ Aviex fvlvq †mme MÖš’ cÖKvwkZ nq, `~iZ¡ Avi mdi
†mm‡ei AbymiY Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i bv| W±i Kxjvbx hv wKQz wj‡L‡Qb, Zv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ges DcKvix
nIqv m‡Ë¡I ms¯‹vi †¶‡Î Avey nv‡g` Avj- Mvhvjxi f~wgKv eo K‡i Dc¯’vcb Kivi †¶‡Î Avgiv
Zuvi m‡½ GKgZ bB| KviY, cÖKw… ZMZ fv‡eB m~dx `k©b ms¯‹vi Avi cybR©vMi‡Yi †¶‡Î eo `vb
wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Z m¶g bq| Avgiv kv‡dqx gv`ªvmv ej‡j †ekx wVK n‡Zv| Abyiƒcfv‡e nv¤^jx
gv`ªvmv, Z‡e Avãyj Kv‡`i Rxjvbx bq|
Bgvgyj nvivgvBb GB gš¿xi cÖwZ weivU kª×v cÖKvk K‡ib| KviY, Zuvi g‡a¨ Øxb`vix wQj| wZwb
Av‡jg‡`i‡K DØy× Ki‡Zb Avi ev‡Zbx‡`i wb›`v Ki‡Zb|
98
mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv KZ©e¨| KviY, ZuvivB n‡”Qb weav‡bi †bZv
Ges Bmjv‡gi AbymiYxq e¨w³Z¡| ZuvivB n‡”Qb bexi Iqvwim Ges D¤§vi
†bZv| g~jZ . ZuvivB wb‡`©k `v‡bi Dchy³ e¨w³| `vwqZ¡kxj gnj (†bZv-
KZ©v e¨w³) Zv‡`i bxwZ- Av`k© †g‡b Pj‡Z eva¨|8
wZwb ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc K‡i e‡jb †h, kvmbKZ©v hw` BRwZnv` Kivi g‡Zv
gh©v`vq DcbxZ bv nb Z‡e Zuv‡K Av‡jg mgv‡Ri AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e Avi
myjZvb Z_v kvmbKZ©v n‡”Q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ DËg e¨w³| wZwb n‡”Q Zv‡`i
kw³i g~j| Av‡j‡gi m‡½ kvmb, †hgb bexi Rgvbvq ivRZ¡|9 hw` Ggb
mgq Av‡m, †hLv‡b †Kvb Dchy³ Bgvg ev myjZvb cvIqv hvq bv, ZLb
e¨vcviUv Av‡jg †`i wbKU b¨¯— n‡e| RbM‡Yi †kÖwYi hZB wewfbœZv _vKzK
bv †Kb, Zv‡`i KZ©e¨ n‡e Av‡jg‡`i wbKU cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv|10
kv‡dwq gv`ªvmv Avj- RyqvBbx, Avj-gvIqv`©x Ges Avey BmnvK wmivRxi
g‡Zv eo eo Av‡jg m„wó K‡i| GiciI †h gv`ªvmvi Av‡jg‡`i ga¨ †_‡K
Ggb me weivU e¨w³‡Z¡i AvMgb N‡U, b~i“Ïxb Avi mvjvnDÏx‡bi
kvmbvg‡j hviv ivRbxwZ‡Z weivU f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| G‡`i g‡a¨ KvwR
kniR~ixi bvg D‡j−L‡hvM¨, whwb evM`v‡`i wbhvwgqv gv`ªvmvq wk¶v jvf
K‡ib|11 Av‡iv hv‡`i bvg D‡j−L‡hvM¨, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Beby Avey Avmi“b Ges
dKxn Avwgi Cmv Avj- nvKvixI i‡q‡Qb| h_v¯’v‡b G‡`i m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e BbkvAvj−vn|
myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex †hme eo eo Av‡j‡gi wbKU †_‡K wk¶v
MÖnY K‡ib, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †gvnv‡Ïm Avey Zv‡ni mvjvdx Ges Avng` Beb
gynv¤§` Avj-Bmdvnvbxi bvg D‡j−L‡hvM¨| gynvwÏm Avey Zv‡ni mvjvdx
evM`v` AvMgb K‡i Kvqv Avj-nvivmx‡K wb‡q wdK‡ni Av‡jvPbvq cÖe„Ë
nb|12 Abyiƒcfv‡e †¯ú‡bi Av‡jg Avey eKi ZviZzkx evM`v` AvMgb K‡i
Avey eKi kvkxi wbKU wdKv‡ni Ávb AR©b K‡ib| ZiZzkx wQ‡jb Av‡jg,
Bgvg Ges `i‡ek| Av‡jKRvw›`ªqvq wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib|13
8
Avj-wMqvmx, c„ôv- 379, m¤úv`bv Wt Avãyj Avhxh Av`y`xe, 2q ms¯‹iY, 1401 wnRix|
9
cÖv¸³, c„ôv- 380|
10
cÖv¸³, c„ôv-391|
11
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 13/42
12
Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb 1/105, Kvqv Avj- nvivex wQ‡jb RyqvBbxi wkl¨|
13
Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb 4/262|
99
nv¤^jx wPš—vaviv
mvjv‡d mv‡jnx‡bi AvK¡x`v AvuK‡o aivi †¶‡Î nv¤^jx‡`i weivU f~wgKv
i‡q‡Q| c~e©eZ©x Av‡jg‡`i wbKU †_‡K Zviv G AvK¡x`vi wk¶v MÖnY
K‡i‡Qb| G AvK¡x`v i¶v Ki‡Z wM‡q Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j wbh©vZ‡bi
wkKvi nb| wnRix PZz_© kZvãxi Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ fv‡jv Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k Avi
g›` Kv‡R eviY wel‡q Zv‡`i f~wgKv Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q| evM`v‡` wQj Zv‡`i
A‡bK¸‡jv gv`ªvmv| Gme gv`ªvmvq A‡bK Av‡jg Avi Iqv‡qR gyi“eŸxi
f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| †hgb kvqL Aveyj Iqvdv Be‡b AvKxj14 Bgvg,
nv‡dR I Iqv‡qR kvqL Aveyj dviR Bebyj RvIhx| Øx‡bi w`‡K gvby‡li
cÖZ¨veZ©‡b Zuv‡`i weivU cÖfve wQj| Avey mvC` Avj- gvLivgx Avj-nv¤^jxi
gv`ªvmvI wQj cÖwm×| Avãyj Kv‡`i Rxjvbx GB gv`ªvmvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY
K‡ib|15 Ávb A‡¤^lK‡`i Rb¨ GB gv`ªvmv AvkÖq¯’‡j cwiYZ nq| nv¤^jx
wdKvn wk¶v Kiv Avi GB gv`ªvmvi m‡½ hy³ _vKvi Rb¨ kvg †`‡ki eo eo
Av‡jgMb evM`v‡` AvMgb K‡ib| nv‡dR Avãyj MYx Avj-gvK‡`mxi
Rxebx m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q, wZwb Ges gyIqvddvK 560 wnRix‡Z evM`v`
AvMgb Ki‡j kvqL Avãyj Kv‡`i Zv‡`i‡K wb‡Ri Kv‡Q Ae¯’vb Kivb,
Zv‡`i‡K m¤§vb K‡ib Ges Zv‡`i K_v kÖeY K‡ib| Zuviv Df‡q kvqL
Bebyj RvIhxi wbKU Ávb mvabvq cÖeË „ nb|16 Gme †kÖô e¨w³‡`i g‡a¨
wQ‡jb Avey Igi Ges Z`xq åvZv Ges Zv‡`i gvgv‡Zv fvB Avãyj Mwb Ges
kvqL Bgv`yÏxb| myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex wdwiw½ †`‡k †hme gyRvwn`
evwnbx †cÖiY Ki‡Zb, Gme Av‡jg Zv‡`i †_‡K wew”Qbœ _vK‡Zb bv|
evqZzj gyKvÏvm AwaKvi Kv‡jI Gme Av‡jgMb myjZvb mvjvnDÏx‡bi
m‡½ Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb|17
14
wZwb wQ‡jb Zuvi mg‡q nv¤^jx‡`i kvqL| wZwb fv‡jv gybvhviv Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| Zuvi iwPZ ÔAvj-
gymvbœvdÕ 4 kZvwaK fwjD‡g we¯—Z … |
`ªóe¨ t gynv¤§` Be‡b nvmvb nv¤^jx cÖYxZ ‫ اﻟﻔﻜﺮ اﻟﺴﺎري ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬2q LÛ, c„ôv-
359|
15
Bwb wQ‡jb cÖmw× Iqv‡qR| Rb¥ 470 wnRix, IdvZ 561 wnRix| wZwb wQ‡jb nv¤^jx wdK‡ni
Abymvix| Iqv‡qR wnmv‡e wZwb wQ‡jb kw³kVjx| Z‡e wZwb m~dx‡`i K_v †ekx D‡j−L K‡ib|
Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv Zuvi cÖksmv K‡ib| Z‡e Zuvi wKZve †hgb Avj- dvZûi iveŸvbx‡Z Ggb me
welq i‡q‡Q, hv mVjv‡d mv‡jnx‡bi `„wófw½i cwicš’x| Be‡b Kvmxi e‡jb t Zuvi fveaviv wQj
fv‡jv| Zuvi Abymvix‡`i A‡bK †jLvq i‡q‡Q evovevwo| Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqv 12/271|
16
Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb 4/262|
17
Avj- we`vqvn 13/65| Avey Igi e‡j gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Ky`vgv Avj- gvK‡`mx‡K
eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
100
 mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi RxeÏkvq ¸i“Z¡cY~ © e¨w³Z¡‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb
Iqv‡qh Avjx Be‡b Beivwng Be‡b bvRv| Bwb wQ‡jb `v‡gkK Gi Awaevmx
Ges nv¤^jx gvRnv‡ei Abymvix| evM`v‡` AvMgb K‡i wZwb wdKvn Ges
nv`x‡m i Ávb AR©b K‡ib| AZtci ¯^‡`k f~wg `v‡gk‡K wd‡i hvb|
mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi wbKU Zuvi weivU ¯’vb wQj| wgm‡i Ievq`x‡`i lohš¿
duvm Kivi †¶‡Î wZwb mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex‡K mnvqZv K‡ib|
101
4. Af¨š—ixY ûgwK m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbv Af¨š—ixY ûgwKi I Zv‡`i cZ‡bi m~Pbv
ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi wec` m¤ú‡K© †jv‡Kiv eyS‡Z cv‡i, Abyiƒc fv‡e eyS‡Z
cv‡ib kvmK †kÖwYI| d‡j G‡Ki ci GK nvgjv ïi“ nq, Zv‡`i exR
wkKo †_‡K Dc‡o †djvi Rb¨| KviY, Z`vbxš—b Kv‡j gymwjg we‡k¦i Rb¨
Zviv wQj GKUv Avc`| Ges M„‡ni Af¨š—i †_‡K Zviv mš¿vmxi f~wgKv
cvjb KiwQj| kvmK †kÖwY †hme NUbvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i wec` m¤ú‡K©
eyS‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv‡`i exR Dc‡o †djv ev Zv‡`i mnvqZv †_‡K weiZ
ivLvi Rb¨ be ch©v‡q †hme Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡i, GLv‡b Zvi wKQy weeiY
†`qv n‡”Q .
wnRix 436 m‡b gv-IqvivDb bni Gi kvmbKZ©v (eMivLvb)
BmgvCjx‡`i GKUv `‡ji Dci AvµgY Pvjvb| wgm‡i Ievq`x kvmK
`‡ji c‡¶ cÖPviYvi Rb¨ Gme BmgvCjxiv gv-IqvivDb bni kn‡i cÖ‡ek
K‡i| GB nvgjvq BmgvCjx m¤úÖ`v‡qi mKj‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| mg¯— kn‡i
cÎ wj‡L BmgvCjx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jvKRb‡K nZ¨v Kivi wb‡`©k †`qv nq|
d‡j †MvUv †`k Zv‡`i †_‡K gy³ nq|1
wnRix 463 m‡b nvje ev Av‡j‡àvi Avwgi gvngy` Be‡b Qv‡jn Be‡b
wgi`vm Avgxi“j gyÕwgbxb Kv‡qg we-Avgwij−vn Ges myjZvb Avjc
Avimvjv‡bi c‡¶ LyZev `vb K‡ib| myjZv‡bi ivR‡Z¡i kÖxe„w×- DbœwZ-
AMÖMwZ `k©b K‡i wZwb Avjc Avimvjvb Avj Kv‡qg we-Avgwij−vn‡K
mg_©b K‡i LyZev †`b|
wnRix 494 m‡b †mjRyK kvmbKZ©v myjZvb eiwKqviK ev‡Zbx‡`i
nZ¨vi wb‡`©k †`b| d‡j Bmdvnv‡bi †jv‡Kiv Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi ev‡Zbx‡`i
nZ¨vi Rb¨ D`¨Z nq| G Kv‡R †bZ…Z¡ †`b kv‡dwq gvRnv‡ei dKxn
gvmD` Be‡b gynv¤§` Avj- LvRv›`x| wecyj RbZv A¯¿k¯¿ wb‡q Dcw¯’Z
nq| myjZvb MZ© Lbb K‡i Zv‡Z AwMœ cÖR¡wjZ Kivi wb‡`©k †`b| mvaviY
gvbyl ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jvKRb‡K `‡j `‡j a‡i G‡b AwMœKz‡Ê wb‡¶c
K‡i|2 A‡bK‡K a‡i Av‡b GKK fv‡e| LywR¯—vb Avi dv‡im A‡ji
A‡bK `yM© ev‡Zbx‡`i `L‡j wQj| Zv‡`i Awbó mxgv Qvwo‡q hvq| Zviv
WvKvwZ-ivnvRvwb ïi“ K‡i| †mjRyKx †bZv (RvIjx) AZwK©‡Z Zuv‡`i Dci
nvgjv Pvjvevi msKí K‡ib| †mjRyK †bZv cÖKvk Ki‡jb †h, wZwb
Zv‡`i‡K †Q‡o P‡j †h‡Z Pvb| Iiv mK‡j Zvi m‡½ †ei nq Zvi A¯¿k¯¿
1
Avj- Kvwgj 9/ 5424|
2
Avj- Kvwgj 10/315|
102
jvf Kivi Avkvq| cw_g‡a¨ wZwb GKUv duv` †c‡Z iv‡Lb| †mLv‡b AZtci myjZv‡bi g„Z¨z i Le‡i ˆmb¨iv QÎf½ n‡q hvq, wKš‘ `yM© Rq Kiv
†cuŠ‡Qv‡j A¯¿ wb‡q nvgjv Pvjv‡bv nq| d‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ GKRbI i¶v m¤¢e nqwb|7 myjZvb mvÄvi Gi kvmbvg‡j (wnRix 521 m‡b) Avj-gIZ
cvqwb|3 `y‡M© ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jvKR‡bi Dci nvgjv Pvwj‡q Zv‡`i A‡bK‡K
wnRix 500 m‡b myjZvb gynv¤§` Be‡b gv‡jK kvn †mjRyKx Zv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv nq|
wei“‡× GK cÖPÊ hy× cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Zviv cÖZviYv Avi wek¦vm NvZKZvi wbtm‡›`‡n Gme Acivax‡`i wPý gy‡Q †djv wQj cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi mymsev`|
AvkÖq MÖnY Ki‡j wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Bmdvnvb `yM© †_‡K wbe©vwmZ K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i DrcvZ †_‡K gymjgvbiv, eis †MvUv `ywbqv kvwš— I wbivcËv jvf
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cÂg kZvãxi ïi“ †_‡KB| evniv‡gi AvnŸv‡b wecyj msL¨K mvaviY gvbyl RbMY wQj Zv‡`i f‡q fxZ mš¿¯|— gymjgvb‡`i H‡K¨i Rb¨ Zviv wQj
Ges AÁ- g~‡L©i `j mvov †`q| Av‡jg m¤úÖ`vq Avi kwiq‡Zi aviK- gybvwdK‡`i †P‡qI wec¾bK| †mjRyK kvmKiv fv‡jv KvR K‡i‡Qb| Zviv
evnKiv BmgvBwj‡`i nv‡Z cvKovI nIqvi f‡q Pzc _v‡K|5 wnRix 523 G‡`i‡K `gb K‡i iv‡L Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ Iur †c‡Z _v‡K| Avj−vn Zv‡`i‡K
m‡b BmgvBwjiv µz‡mWvi‡`i nv‡Z `v‡gkK Ac©Y Kivi †Póv Pvq| wewbg‡q †bK Kv‡Ri cÖwZ`vb w`b|8
µz‡mWviiv m~i kni Zv‡`i nv‡Z Ac©Y K‡i| `v‡gkK kn‡i kvmbKZ©v e~ix
Be‡b ZvMwZMxb GB lohš¿ duvm K‡i †`b| d‡j BmgvCjx m¤úÖ`v‡qi †bZv
gh`yKvbx‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq Ges kn‡i ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi nZ¨vi AvnŸvb
Rvbv‡bv n‡j Zv‡`i 6 nvRvi †jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| igRvb gv‡m G NUbv
N‡U|6
wnRix 511 m‡bi NUbvejx cÖm‡½ HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb .
myjZvb gynv¤§` (†mjRyKx) Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h, ev‡Zbx BmgvCjx‡`i wPý
gy‡Q †djv, Zv‡`i evwo N‡ii webvm mvab Kiv Ges Zv‡`i `yM© Avi cÖvPxi
AwaKvi K‡i †bqvi mv‡_ †`k I RbM‡Yi ¯^v_© RwoZ i‡q‡Q| †mKv‡j
nvmvb Be‡b QveŸvn Gi †Rvi wQj| nvmvb Be‡b QveŸvn ivwR wQ‡jb (Avj-
gIZ) `y‡M©i AwacwZ| Zvi mgq wQj †ek `xN©| cÖvq 26 ermi wZwb GB
`y‡M©i AwacwZ wQ‡jb| hy×-weMÖn Avi binZ¨vi Kvi‡Y Avkcv‡ki RbM‡Yi
Ae¯’v wQj †kvPbxq| d‡j myjZvb AbykZMxb Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ Zvi wei“‡× ˆmb¨
cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Avkcv‡ki K‡qKwU `yM© AwaKvi K‡i ˆmb¨iv Avj-gIZ
`yM© Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nq| K‡qK gvm `yM©wU Ae‡iva K‡i ivLv nq| Zviv `yM©
Z¨vM K‡i wbivcËv jv‡fi Rb¨ fwbZv Avi cÖZviYvi AvkÖq MÖnY K‡i| wKš‘
†bZv bv‡Qvo ev›`v; wZwb wKQy‡ZB Ae‡iva cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z ivwR bb|

3
Avj- Kvwgj 10/320|
4 7
Avj- Kvwgj 10/430| Avj- Kvwgj 10/527|
5 8
gynv¤§` Kz`© Ax t LyZvZzk kvg 2/3| eZ©gvb hy‡M kvg I Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k ev‡Zbx‡`i DrcvZ †`Lv †`q| wKš‘ Avj−vni B”Qv I gymwjg
6
Avj- Kvwgj 10/656 HK¨ GK GK K‡i Zv‡`i ¯^cœ Avi lohš¿ evbPvj K‡i †`q|
103 104
5. wkqv‡`i c„ô‡cvlKZv eR©b Ges mybœvni cybi“Ìv‡b RbZvi Avb›`- Dj−vm
wkqv‡`i AwaKvi †_‡K †Kvb †Kvb A‡ji gyw³ Ges mybœvni
cÖZ¨veZ©‡b gvby‡li Avb›`| GUv Avj−vniB weavb †h, mZ¨ Avi wg_¨vi g‡a¨
msNvZ N‡U Ges †kl ch©š— mZ¨ weRq jvf K‡i| ev‡Zbx‡`i cZb Ges
kw³kvjx mybœxœ ivóª cÖwZôvi ci †Kvb †Kvb AÂj wkqv‡`i c„ô‡cvlKZv Z¨vM
K‡i Ges †Ljvd‡Zi Qvqv Z‡j wd‡i Av‡m|
PZz_© Aa¨vq
wnRix 468 m‡b Avwgi (DKmxm) `v‡gk‡Ki kvmb KZ©…Z¡ jvf K‡i
dv‡Zgx‡`i nvZ †_‡K Zv gy³ K‡ib| wZwb AveŸvmxq Lwjdv Avj-gyKZv`x wRnv` D¤§Z‡K HK¨e× K‡i
weAvgwij−vni bv‡g LyZev cvV K‡ib Ges ÔnvBq¨v Avjv LvBwij AvgvjÕ Z_v
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`v‡gkKevmx fxlY Avbw›`Z nq|1 HwZnvwmK Beby Kvmxi G m¤ú‡K© e‡jb 2. myjZvb b~i“Ïxb gvngy‡`i wRnv`
. wZwb wQ‡jb Ab¨Zg DËg ev`kvn| wZwb `v‡gk‡K `yM© ¯’vcb K‡ib, hv
wQj kvg †`‡k Bmjv‡gi AvkÖq †K›`ª|2 3. mvjvûÏx‡bi wRnv`
BwZc~‡e© Avgiv D‡j−L K‡iwQ †h, g°vi kvmb KZ©vi `~Z gynv¤§` Be‡b 4. GB `yB kvmK ؇qi `„wó‡Z ms¯‹vi I bevqb
Avey nv‡kg myjZvb Avjvc Avimvjvb Gi wbKU ïf msev` wb‡q AvMgb
K‡ib †h, g°vi kvmK Lwjdv Kv‡qg we-Avgwij−vn Ges myjZv‡bi c‡¶ 5. cieZ©xKv‡j ms¯‹vi †Kb Ae¨vnZ wQj bv?
LyZev cvV KiZ: wgm‡i dv‡Zgx kvmK‡`i c‡¶ LyZev cvV eÜ K‡i‡Qb
Ges ÔnvBq¨v Avjv LvBwij AvgvjÕ A_©vr Ôfv‡jv Kv‡Ri w`‡K G‡mvÕ e‡j
AvRvb †`Iqv eÜ K‡i‡Qb|3 wnRix 435 m‡b Avwd«Kvi wZDwbwmqvq
kvmbKZ©v Avey Zvhxg AveŸvmxq Lwjdvi c‡¶ LyZev cvV K‡ib, dv‡Zgx‡`i
c‡¶ LyZev eÜ K‡ib Ges dv‡Zgx cZvKvq AwMœ ms‡hvM K‡ib|4

1
Avj- Kvwgj 10/100|
2
Avj- we`vqvn 12/120|
3
Avj- Kvwgj 10/11|
4
Avj- we`vqvn 12/55|
105 106
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Bgv`yÏxb Rw½ Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ Rvwhivi AwaKvsk AÂj‡K HK¨e×
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Aviivnv AÂj weRq I Av¯’v ¯’vcb
AwaKvi K‡i †bb| †ivg Avi wdwiw½iv Bgv`yÏx‡bi Kg©KvÊ `k©b K‡i nvje
DwRi wbhvgyj gyjK Ávb mvabv Avi gv`ªvmv cÖwZôvi cÖwZ ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc
Ae‡iva Kivi wm×vš— MÖnY K‡i| Bgv`yÏxb Rw½ Zv‡`i msL¨vi cÖwZ `„wó bv
K‡ib Ges †hvM¨Zi e¨w³‡`i‡K kvmK wbhy³ Kivi Rb¨ †mjRyK
w`‡q nvgjv Pvjv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv‡`i wbK‡UB Ae¯’vb MÖnY K‡ib| Ges
kvmK‡`i‡K DØy× K‡ib| wKQyUv wej‡¤^ n‡jI DwRi wbhvgyj gyj‡y Ki Gme
KvwR KvgvjyÏxb kniRyix‡K evM`v‡` myjZvb gvmD‡`i wbKU †cÖiY K‡ib
Kvh©µ‡gi mydj †`Lv †`q| wnRix cÂg kZvãxi ïi“‡Z¡ Bgv`yÏxb Rw½
Zv‡K ev¯—eZv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡i Zuvi wbKU mvnvh¨ Kvgbvi Rb¨|
Be‡b AvK msKvi KvwR evnvDÏxb kniRyixi Iqv‡R DØy× n‡q Ôgy‡mjÕ
Bgv`yÏxb‡K myjZv‡bi ˆmb¨‡`i mvnvh¨ Kvgbv m¤ú‡K© fxwZ cÖ`k©b K‡i
A‡ji kvmbfvi MÖnY K‡ib| byi“wÏb Rw½ †hvM¨Zv I `„pZvi m‡½
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kvmbKvh© cwiPvwjZ K‡ib Ges wRnv‡`i m~Pbv K‡ib, hv dj `vb K‡i|
Ki‡e Ges kn‡ii gvwjK n‡e| ZLb Bgv`yÏxb Rw½ e‡jb . GB `ykgb‡`i
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†jvf n‡”Q Avgvi m¤ú‡K©| `ykgbiv nvje AwaKvi Ki‡j kvg †`‡k Avi
†`Lv †`q| Øxb`vix, exiZ¡ Avi Bmjv‡gi Kj¨vY Kvgbvi w`K †_‡K G
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`yÕRb kvmbKZ©v Ab¨Zg †miv gymwjg kvmK|
†P‡q gymjgvbivB †ewk †hvM¨|2
DwRi wbhvgyj gyjK Ges Av‡jg mgvR ms¯‹vi Avi ms‡kvab cÖ‡Póvq
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mvnvh¨-mnvqZv MÖnY K‡i n‡jI kvmb KZ©Z … ¡ jv‡f Zviv wQj Pig †jvfx|
we›`y cvwb gixwPKvi g‡Zv wPK wPK K‡i; AZtci GKÎ n‡q ¯^”Q cvwbi
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© Zvi hy‡MI wRnv‡`i Wv‡K mRxe
Avb‡Z eva mv‡abwb| wnRix 522 m‡b nvje kni‡K AvZ¥mgc©Y Kiv‡Z
I m‡ZR n‡q D‡V| Zvi Abyfw~ Zi Mfx‡i evb Wv‡K, D”Pvwfjv‡mi Rb¨
Rw½ m¶g nb| Gfv‡e wdwiw½iv GKRb kw³kvjx e¨w³i gy‡LvgywL `uvovq|
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hvi c‡¶ ˆmb¨ Avi m¤ú` msMÖn Kiv m¤¢e| Ae¯’v ¯^vfvweK n‡j †m †`L‡Z
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wRnv‡`i dj| Avi Av‡Liv‡Zi dj‡Zv Av‡iv A‡bK eo|1
gymjgvb‡`i cÖ_g msNvZ| nv‡ig `yM© evmxiv fxZ n‡q gymjgvb‡`i m‡½
Bgv`yÏxb Rw½ I ÔAviivnvÕ AÂj cybi“×vi
mg‡SvZv K‡i †bq| ZLb †_‡K Rgvbv A‡bK `~i GwM‡q hvq| Gme Kv‡R
myjZvb gynv¤§` †mjRyKxi kvmbvg‡j Bgv`yÏxb Rw½ evM`v‡` cywjk
gymjgvbiv kw³kvjx nq| Kv‡di‡`i kw³ Le© nq| Zviv eyS‡Z cv‡i †h,
evwnbxi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib| gy‡mj Gi kvmbKZ©v gvmD` Bebyj evimvKxi
†`‡k Ggb wKQy N‡U‡Q, hv aviYv- KíbvI Kiv hvqwb|
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1 2
Avj- Kvwgj 10/453| Avi ivIhvZvBb dx AvLevwi` `vIjvZvBb 1/35|
107 108
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nv‡Zi me wKQyi gvwjK n‡Z m¶g nq|3 wnRix 532 m‡b †ivgvbiv wekvj nq|5
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K‡ib Ges AwZ m`ic‡Y ¯^‡`‡k cvwo Rgvb|
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K‡i Ges nvje‡K Zv‡`i Awbó †_‡K i¶v K‡i|4
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AÂjI `Lj K‡ib| Avi Gme wKQy wQj Zuvi GKUv eo Kv‡Ri f~wgKv|
Avi †m eo KvRUv wQj Aviivnv AÂj Rq Kiv| wnRix 539 m‡b Rw½ GB
kni Ae‡iva Kivi wm×vš— †bb| bMiwU wQj µz‡mWvi‡`i kvmbvaxb Avi
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cÖm‡½ b~i“Ïxb m¤ú‡K© wZwb e‡jb . Zvi kvmbvgj A‡bK Av‡Mi n‡jI Zuvi
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myjZvb b~i“Ïxb Rw½ Ges myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex wQ‡jb AZxZ Kv‡ji
Lwjdv Igi Bebyj LvËve Ges Igi Be‡b Avãyj AvRx‡Ri g‡Zv| Rxeb
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K‡ib Ges †ewk †`k Rq K‡ib| wZwb wb‡R ˆah© aviY K‡ib Ges
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gyKvÏvm gymjgvb‡`i AwaKv‡i G‡b †`b|1
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cwieZ©b mvab K‡ib| iv‡dhx gZev‡`i g~‡jvrcvUb mvab K‡ib Ges
A‡bK Øxwb gv`ªvmv cÖwZôv K‡ib| gmwR`- gv`ªvmvi Rb¨ wZwb IqvK‡di
cÖPjb K‡ib Ges †`‡k mykvmb cÖwZôv K‡ib| wZwb ag©xq MÖš’ e¨vcK
Aa¨qb Ki‡Zb Ges gnvbex mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−v‡gi mybœvni AbymiY
Ki‡Zb| wbqwgZ Rvgv‡Zi m‡½ bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡Zb| KziAvb gRx` wbqg
Abyhvqx wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Zb| nvjvg-nviv‡gi weavb K‡Vvifv‡e †g‡b Pj‡Zb
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1 5
Avi ivIhvZvBb dx AvLevwi` `vIjvZvBb 1/4|
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Zuvi m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb .
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†`‡LwQ| †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb Ges Igi Be‡b Avãyj AvRx‡Ri ci Zuvi
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†_‡K Mwbg‡Zi Ask Qvov Ab¨ wKQy MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv| gymjgvb‡`i
abfvÊvi †_‡K wZwb GK Kc`©KI wb‡Zb bv| GKevi Zuvi ¯¿x Afve
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K‡i| wZwb e‡jb . Avwg †Kv_v †_‡K Zvi `vwe c~iY Kie? Zvi †cÖ‡g Avwg
Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸‡b Suvwc‡q co‡Z cvwi bv| AZtci wZwb e‡jb . †ngm
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g‡Zv cY¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|4
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Avgiv hZB AMÖmi nB, ZZB m~‡h©i cÖLi Zvc Avgv‡`i Dci cwZZ nq|
Avgiv hLb cÖZ¨veZ©b Kwi, ZLb Avgv‡`i Qvov †cQ‡b cwZZ nq| Ak¦
nuvwK‡q †cQ‡b ZvwK‡q wZwb Avgv‡K j¶¨ K‡i e‡jb . Zzwg wK Rvb, †Kb
Avwg Ak¦ nuvKvB Avi †cQ‡b ZvKvB? Avwg ejjvg . bv| wZwb ej‡jb .
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e‡jb . †h kvmbKZ©v Ggb wPš—v Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Zuvi cÖwZ Avj−vn mš‘wó
nb|5 HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb . ivw·ejv †ewki fvM mgq wZwb
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Avj- Kvwgj 11/403|
4
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 403|
AviivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 6|
112
 ‫ﻣﺎ أﺣﺴﻦ اﳌﺤﺮاب ﰲ اﳌﺤﺮاب‬ ‫ﲨﻊ اﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ واﳋﺸﻮع ﻟﺮﺑﻪ‬ gymwjg †`k¸‡jv‡Z Zuvi Kj¨vYg~jK KvR A‡bK| wZwb kvg †`‡k bMi
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exiZ¡ Avi web‡qi mgv‡ek NUvb wZwb Avcb cvjb KZ©vi Rb¨! wgniv‡ei Ges Zvi cvk¦©eZ©x AÂj Ges `v‡gk‡K wZwb gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ib| wZwb
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f~lY| ev¯—weK c‡¶ Bbmvd Avi b¨vq bxwZ AbymiY Kiv, Lv`¨- cvbxq Ges wei“‡× K_v ej‡Qv, †m‡Zv cyY¨ Ki‡Q| Zvi mg¯— c`öjb ¶gv Kiv n‡”Q|
cwi‡aq e‡¯¿i †¶‡Î nvivg eR©b Kivi ixwZ kvmK †kÖwYi Rb¨ wZwbB Avi Zv n‡”Q Ávb I `xb Avi Zzwg Ges †Zvgvi m½x‡`i g‡a¨ Zzwg hv ejQ,
bevqb K‡ib| Zuvi c~‡e© kvmK †kÖwY wQj Rv‡nwj hy‡Mi Abymvix| D`i c~wZ© Zvi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk Av‡Q| wKš‘ gvd Kiv‡bvi g‡Zv †Kvb cyY¨ Kg©
Avi †hŠb ¶zav wbe„Ë KivB wQj Zv‡`i GKgvÎ wPš—v| b¨vq-Ab¨vq Ges †Zvgv‡`i †bB| †Zvgv‡`i †bK KvR bv _vK‡jI Avwg †Zvgv‡`i e` Kg©
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KvgvjyÏx‡bi wbKU Awf‡hvM `v‡qi K‡i| KvwR †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î mywePvi †_‡K mvgvb¨ AskI e¨envi Ki‡Zb bv| †mme wZwb †cÖiY Ki‡Zb
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b~i“Ïx‡bi kvmbvg‡j Av‡jg mgvR
6
Avj Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 403|
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AviivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 6 AviivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 8|
8 11
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9 12
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113 114
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Mvhvwjqv gv`ªvmvq wk¶v `vb ïi“ K‡ib| cieZ©xKv‡j wZwb nvj‡e Mgb
Ki‡j b~i“Ïxb Zuvi Rb¨ GKUv gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ib| †ng‡mI Aci GKUv
gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ib| wnRix 585 m‡b Zuvi Bwš—Kvj nq| 16
b~i“Ïxb gvngy‡`i wRnv`
myjZvb b~i“Ïxb gvngy‡`i wbKU wRnv` †Kvb mvgwqK mgvavb wQj bv,
A_P ¯’vb- Kvj-cv‡Îi `vwe Abyhvqx wRnv‡`i †Kvb my‡hvMI wQj bv; eis
g~j e¨vcvi wQj wRnv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ¯w‘ Z Ges Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡× hy× Kiv|
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13
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 11|
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Avj-we`vqvn, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 355|
16
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 185|
115
Ki‡Z PvB‡jI †iv‡gi wei“‡× jovB Ki‡Z cÖ¯Z ‘ bq| wZwb e‡jb, Zzwg
†ivg †`‡ki cÖwZ‡ekx| wKš‘ Zv‡`i wei“‡× wRnv` Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z bI| †Zvgvi
†`k gymwjg Rvnv‡bi GKUv weivU Ask| Avgvi m‡½ wRnv‡` †hvM`vb Kiv
†Zvgvi Rb¨ Acwinvh©|17
µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½ wRnv‡`i GK AwfcÖv‡q wZwb Z`xq åvZv gy‡mj
A‡ji kvmbKZ©v KzZez Ï y xb Ges ÔKvBdvÕ I Ôgw`©bÕ `y‡M©i AwacwZi wbKU
evYx cvVvb| Giv †m evYxi ReveI †`b| KvBdv `y‡M©i AwacwZi m½xiv
Zv‡K e‡jb . †Kvb wel‡q Zzwg msKí K‡iQ? wZwb ej‡jb, e‡m _vKvi
e¨vcv‡i| KviY, b~i“Ïxb wb‡R‡K Ges Ab¨‡`i‡KI aŸs‡mi g‡a¨ wb‡¶c
Ki‡Z Pvq|18 d‡j ZvivI Zvi m‡½ HKgZ¨ cÖKvk K‡i| ciw`b Dcw¯’Z
n‡j gyRvwn`‡`i‡K cÖ¯‘Z Kivi wb‡`©k †`b| ZLb Zviv Zv‡K e‡j: hv
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv ev‡`? MZKvj Avgiv †Zvgvi †_‡K c„_K n‡qwQ GK
Ae¯’vq, AvR Avgiv Zvi wecixZ †`L‡Z cvw”Q| wZwb ej‡jb . byi“Ïxb
Avgvi m‡½ Ggb ixwZ Aej¤^b K‡i‡Q; Avwg Zvi mvnvh¨ bv Ki‡j RbMY
Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq| KviY, wZwb Av‡e` hvwn` Z_v mvay
m¾b‡K wj‡L w`‡q‡Qb, hv Zv‡`i‡K ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q, gymjgvbiv
wdwiw½‡`i wbKU †_‡K hv wKQy jvf K‡i‡Q| wZwb Zv‡`i wbKU †`vqv Pvb
Ges Zv‡`i wbKU `vwe K‡ib, hv‡Z gymjgvb‡`i‡K MvwR‡`i wei“‡× DØy×
Kiv nq| d‡j Zviv e‡m e‡m µ›`b K‡i, Avgvi Dci jvÕbZ K‡i Ges
Avgvi Rb¨ e` †`vqv K‡i| myZivs Zvi w`‡K Qy‡U hvIqv KZ©e¨|19
evbBqv‡mi NUbv Ges Zvi `yM© Rq Kiv Kv‡j Zvi m‡½ Avcb fvB
bQi“ÏxbI wQ‡jb| GKUv Zxi we× n‡q Zuvi GK P¶z ¶wZMÖ¯— nq| b~i“Ïxb
Zv‡K †`‡L ej‡jb . †Zvgvi Rb¨ cyi¯‹vi cÖ¯‘Z K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q, Zv hw`
†Zvgvi wbKU cÖKvk †c‡Zv Zvn‡j Zzwg Aci P¶zwUI nvivevi K_v Kvgbv
Ki‡Z| G weRqKv‡j Zvi m‡½ gyCbyÏxb Avbi Gi cyÎI wQj, whwb
evbBqvm `yM© wdwiw½‡`i nv‡Z Ac©Y K‡ib| ZLb b~i“Ïxb Zv‡K e‡jb . GB
weR‡q gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ GKUv Avb›`, wKš‘ †Zvgvi Rb¨ `yUv Avb›`| wZwb
17
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 392|
18
G n‡”Q civwRZgbv e¨w³‡`i K_vi aib, hviv wRnv‡` †gv‡UB AvMÖnx bq Ges e‡m _vKv‡KB
wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ †kªq Ávb K‡i| Gme wKQz n‡”Q `ywbqv‡K fv‡jvevmv Ges Zvi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K DrmM©
Kivi Kvi‡Y| Avie †`k¸‡jv wdwj¯—xwb‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ bv Kiv‡KB †kªq Ávb K‡i| KviY Zviv
Av‡gwiKvi m‡½ jovB Ki‡Z m¶g bq| Zviv GUvI Pvqbv †h, BmivBj Zv‡`i‡K Ggb hy‡× †U‡b
AvbyK, hvi Rb¨ Zviv cÖ¯‘Z bq|
19
Avj- Kvwgj 11/302|
116
ej‡jb . Zv Kxfv‡e? ej‡jb . KviY, AvR Avj−vn †Zvgvi wcZvi †`n‡K
AwMœ †_‡K kxZj K‡i‡Qb|20
b~i“Ïx‡bi weRq Awfhvb
wdwiw½‡`i m‡½ Zvi Rxe‡bi cÖv_wgK NUbvejx‡Z `v‡gk‡Ki kvmbKZ©v
gyCbyÏxb Avbi Gi m‡½ evÔjv ev° kn‡i mv¶vrKv‡j w·cvjxi µz‡mWvi
kvm‡Ki wbKU †_‡K Zvi Kv‡Q GKUv cÎ Av‡m| Zv‡Z ÔAvj-AvixgvÕ `yM©
AwaKvi Kivi Rb¨ G c‡Î Zv‡`i‡K DØy×- AbycÖvwYZ Kiv nq| b~i“Ïx‡bi
wbKU G `vwe †ek KwVb †VKvq| wZwb Ges gyCbyÏxb `yM© Ae‡iva KiZ: Zv
AwaKvi K‡ib| wnRix 543 m‡b b~i“Ïxb kvg †`‡ki eQiv AÂj mdi
K‡ib| †mLv‡b wdwiw½ivI GKÎ nq kvg †`‡ki Af¨š—ixY AÂj `Lj
Kivi AwfcÖvq wb‡q| †mLv‡b Zv‡`i gy‡LvgywL nq Ges †NviZi hy× nq|
AZtci Avj−vn gymjgvb‡`i‡K weRq `vb K‡ib, Avi wdwiw½‡`i K‡i
civwRZ|21 wnRix 544 m‡b nv‡ig `y‡M© Awfhvb Pvwj‡q Zvi Avk cvk
aŸsm I jyVcvU Kiv nq| AZtci †mLvb †_‡K ÔAv¤^Õ `yM© Awfgy‡L iIqvbv
K‡i wdwiw½‡`i m‡½ msN‡l© wjß nb| G‡Z gymjgvbiv weRq jvf K‡i Ges
Avš—vwKqvi kvmbKZ©v G msN‡l© wbnZ nq| AZtci b~i“Ïxb ÔdvwgqvÕ `yM©
Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nb| wZwb `yM© Ae‡iva K‡i mwÜ m~‡Î Zv AwaKvi
K‡ib|22
wnRix 546 m‡b b~i“Ïxb wdwiw½‡`i Ab¨Zg kqZvb ÔRmwjb'‡K e›`x
K‡ib| Gici wZwb wZjevmxi, AvBbZve, GRvR, wgiqvm BZ¨vw` `yM©
AwaKvi K‡i †bb| nvje Gi wewfbœ A‡j Gme `yM© Aew¯’Z| wnRix 549
m‡b `v‡gkK Zuvi iv‡R¨i Aš—f©y³ nq| b~i“Ïxb `xN©Kvj †_‡K GRb¨
cwiKíbv K‡i AvmwQ‡jb| KviY Zvi Ae¯’vb wQj µz‡mWvi‡`i c‡_| GKv
`v‡gkK wQj `ye©j| kw³ cÖ‡qv‡M Zv AwaKvi Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡j Zv
AwaKvi Kiv µz‡mWvi‡`i wbKU AvkÖq PvB‡Z eva¨ Ki‡e| A_P b~i“Ïxb
i³cvZ NUv‡Z Pvb bv| G Kvi‡Y gyRxi“Ïx‡bi wei“‡× †KŠkj Aej¤^b Kiv
nq Ges AZwK©‡Z nvgjv Pvjv‡bv nq| `v‡gkKevmx kni Zuvi wbKU Ac©Y
Ki‡Z Pzw³e× nIqvi ci G Awfhvb Pvjv‡bv nq| d‡j †Kvb D‡j−L‡hvM¨
20
Avj- Kvwgj 11/304|
21
Avi ivIhvZvBb t 1/55|
22
Avi ivIhvZvBb t 1/58
117
jovB QvovB wZwb `v‡gkK bMix‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡ib| Avi gyRxi“Ïxb‡K †ngm
bMi `vb K‡ib|
wnRix 559 m‡b Ônv‡igÕ `yM© Rq Kiv nq| GUv wQj µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½
b~i“Ïx‡bi eo hy׸‡jvi Ab¨Zg| GB hy‡× wdwiw½iv Ak¦v‡ivnx evwnbx Avi
A¯¿k‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q AskMÖnY K‡i| mK‡ji Av‡M wQj Gš—vwKqvi kvmK
eyibym (evqgÛ), w·cvjxi kvmK ÔwKgnÕ Ges Rmwjb Zbq| b~i“Ïxb
Ônv‡igÕ `y‡M©i evB‡i Zv‡`i‡K †U‡b Avb‡Z m¶g nb Ges Zv‡`i Dci
P~ovš— weRq jvf K‡ib| Avwgi kvmK Avi ev`kvniv mK‡j Zvi m¤§y‡L
e›`x n‡q Av‡m|
wnRix 560 m‡b wZwb ÔAvj gvwbZvivÕ `yM© Rq K‡ib Ges Zv‡Z wecyj
cwigvY Mwbg‡Zi gvj n¯—MZ nq| wnRix 562 m‡b b~i“Ïxb ÒQvwdZvÕ Ges
ÔAvj-AvixgvÕ `yM© AwaKvi K‡ib|
wgki-wmwiqv HK¨
myjZvb gvngy‡`i Aš—i †_‡K GK_v gy‡Q hvqwb †h, wgki- wmwiqvi
HK¨B me‡P‡q kw³kvjx KviY, hvi Dci wbf©i K‡i µz‡mWvi‡`i
†gvKvwejv Kiv| wgm‡i Ievq`x kvmK‡`i DwRi kvIi mv`x Zuvi wbKU
AvkÖq PvB‡j GRb¨ Dchy³ my‡hvM m„wó nq| üZ IhviZxi c` wd‡i
cvIqvi Rb¨ Zuvi mn‡hvwMZv PvIqv nq| G cÖ¯v— ‡e b~i“Ïxb `ª“Z mvov †`b
Ges Avmv`yÏxb †ki‡Kvn Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ ˆmb¨evwnbx †cÖiY K‡ib GB k‡Z© †h,
b~i“Ïxb wgk‡ii GK Z…Zxqvs‡ki `Lj jvf Ki‡eb| b~i“Ïx‡bi ˆmb¨iv
Kvq‡iv kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i| Zviv gš¿x kvIi‡K Zvi nviv‡bv c‡` cybe©nvj
K‡i| wKš‘ kvIi Pzw³ j•Nb K‡i †ki‡Kvn Gi wbKU wgki Z¨v‡Mi `vwe
Rvbvq| †m µz‡mWvi‡`i wbKU mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡i| µz‡mWviiv GUv‡K
GKUv my‡hvM wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i| ZLb Avmv`yÏxb †Kvb iKg ¶q- ¶wZ
Qvov wd‡i Avmvi Rb¨ e¨vKzj n‡q D‡Vb| wKš‘ Zvi g‡b wQj kvIi‡K wk¶v
`vb Kivi Rb¨ cybivq wgm‡i wd‡i Avmv| wnRix 562 m‡b Avmv`yÏxb c~Y©
cÖ¯w‘ Z MÖnY K‡i wgm‡i `ª“Z Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges Kvq‡ivi cwð‡g
wkwei ¯’vcb K‡ib| wgkixq‡`i‡K m‡½ wb‡q wdwiw½‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq kvIi
Gi mg_©K‡`i‡K wZwb Pigfv‡e civwRZ K‡ib| A_P G mgq Zvi m‡½
gvÎ `yÕnvRvi Ak¦v‡ivnx evwnbx Qvov Avi wKQyB wQj bv| AZtci wgkixqiv
A‡_©i wewbg‡q Zvi m‡½ Pzw³‡Z DcbxZ nq| Zv‡`i m‡½ Pzw³ K‡i wZwb
wmwiqvq wd‡i hvb| G mgq wdwiw½iv kvIi Ges Zvi miKv‡ii wbKU ¯’vb
jvf K‡i Ges K‡qKwU k‡Z© Pzw³ K‡i| Gme k‡Z©i g‡a¨ GKUv wQj GB
118
†h, Kvq‡ivq Zv‡`i GKUv M¨vwimb _vK‡e| Zviv gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ k³ nq myôy wfwËi Dci| GB H‡K¨i wecixZ n‡”Q kZav wef³ nIqv Ges
n‡q e‡m Ges wgki AwaKvi Kivi Rb¨ wdwjw¯—b †_‡K µz‡mWvi‡`i‡K msKxY© A‡j fvM nIqvi Rb¨ DmKvwb †`qv| kwiqZ Abyhvqx gymjgvb‡`i
†W‡K Av‡b| Kvwdiiv wgki AwaKvi K‡i †b‡e e‡j b~i“Ïxb fxlY fq g‡a¨ HK¨ Acwinvh©| eZ©gv‡b GB HK¨ AZx‡Zi †P‡q †ewk cÖ‡qvRbxq|
cvb| Avmv`yÏxb Z…Zxq ev‡ii g‡Zv cÖ¯w‘ Z †bb Ges åvZz®úyÎ AvR †MvUv wek¦ bvbv e−‡K wef³, hv‡Z G‡K Ac‡ii m‡½ msNv‡Z wjß n‡q
mvjvnDÏxb‡KI m‡½ †bb| A_P wZwb m‡½ †h‡Z ivwR bb| P¨v‡j‡Äi Rb¨ kw³ mÂq K‡Z cv‡i| mvgvwRK Ges A_©‰bwZK mgm¨vq
‫َﻋَﺴﻰ َأْن َﺗْﻜَﺮُﻫْﻮا َﺷْﻴًﺌﺎ َوُﻫَﻮ َﺧٌْﲑَﻟُﻜْﻢ‬ Wy‡e †_‡K gymwjg Rvnvb †Kgb K‡i Gme P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z m¶g
n‡e? wbôvevb H‡K¨i AvnŸvqKiv GwM‡q bv G‡j eZ©gvb ev¯—eZvq HK¨
Ôn‡Z cv‡i, †Kvb wRwbm †Zvgiv AcQ›` Ki, A_P Zv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ AwR©Z n‡e bv| KviY, cieZ©xKv‡ji HK¨ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ ZvivB n‡”Qb
g½jKi|Õ me‡P‡q †hvM¨Zi e¨w³| Aek¨ Ab¨‡`i H‡K¨i AvnŸv‡bi g‡a¨ mskq Avi
wgki †_‡K wd‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ kvIi µz‡mWvi‡`i‡K ivwR Kivb| Zviv cw¼jZv i‡q‡Q|
G‡Z mvov †`q| wKš‘ Avmv`yÏxb Gevi wgm‡i ¯’vqxfv‡e emevm Kivi Rb¨
`„pcÖwZÁ nb| kvIi Qj PvZzixi AvkÖq †bqv ïi“ K‡i b~i“Ïx‡bi
ˆmb¨‡`i‡K `~‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Ges Avmv`yÏxbI Zvi †jvKRb‡K AvqË Kivi
Rb¨ wm×vš— MÖnY K‡i| cyÎ Kv‡gj †Mvc‡b Zv‡K Bw½Z †`q Zv bv Kivi
Rb¨| ZLb kvIi Zv‡K e‡j . Avwg Zv bv Ki‡j Avgv‡`i mKj‡K nZ¨v
Kiv n‡e| cyÎ e‡j . gymwjg Ae¯’vq Bmjvwg iv‡óª Avgv‡`i wbnZ nIqv
wdwiw½‡`i ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi Kivi †P‡q DËg| wKš‘ kvIi Zvi wek¦vmNvZKZvq
wR` a‡i| Avmv`yÏx‡bi ˆmb¨iv Zv eyS‡Z †c‡i Zv‡K nZ¨vi e¨vcv‡i
GKgZ nq| Zviv Zvi DrcvZ †_‡K ¯^w¯— cvq| kvwš— cvq wgkiI| c‡i
Avmv`yÏxb wgk‡ii Ievq`x miKv‡ii gš¿x nq| Av‡h` wQj wgm‡i
Ievq`x‡`i me©‡kl gš¿x| Zvi nv‡Z †Kvb ¶gZv wQj bv| †ki‡Kv‡ni gwš¿Z¡
jvf wQj wgki‡K mybvœ ni w`‡K †divi c‡_ cÖ_g c`‡¶c| gwš¿Z¡ jv‡fi
`yÕgvm ci wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡i| Avj−vn Zuvi cÖwZ ing K‡ib| wZwb wgm‡i
Ievq`x‡`i cZb NUvb| b~i“Ïx‡bi cxovcxwoi ci Av‡h‡`i bv‡g LyZev
cov ev` w`‡q AveŸvmxq Lwjdvi bv‡g LyZev Pvjy Kiv nq | wgmievmx‡`i
f‡q mvjvnDÏxb cÖ_‡g A¶gZv cÖKvk K‡ib| wKš‘ wZwb G cÖ¯v— ‡e mvov
w`‡j †KD Zvi we‡ivwaZv K‡iwb Ges †KD G e¨vcv‡i ¸uZv¸uwZI K‡iwb|
Gfv‡e wgki‡K mybvœ ni w`‡K wdwi‡q Avbv nq Ges wmwiqvi m‡½ wgk‡ii
HK¨ ¯’vcb Kiv nq| b~i“Ïxb †h †gveviK wRnv‡`i m~Pbv K‡ib, G wQj
ZviB c`‡¶c| Avj−vn Zuvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b| gyRvwn` kvmK myjZvb
mvjvnDÏxb G c`‡¶c c~Y© K‡ib|
Af¨š—ixY Ges ˆe‡`wkK ûgwKi †gvKvwejv Kivi Rb¨ gymwjg
†`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ HK¨ ¯’vc‡bi wPš—v -hw`I Zvi m~Pbv cvk¦©eZ©x †`k Øviv
†nvK bv †Kb- n‡”Q GK weivU c`‡¶c| we‡kl K‡i G HK¨ hLb cÖwZwôZ
119 120
3. mvjvnDÏxb BDmyd Be‡b AvBqyex
myjZvb b~i“Ïxb gvngy` †h wRnv‡`i m~Pbv K‡ib Ges ms¯‹vig~jK Kv‡h©
Av‡jg mgv‡Ri f~wgKv wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ †h cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv nq, Ges
mvjvnDÏx‡bi evev Avmv`yÏxb †ki‡Kvn Gi g„Zz¨i ci myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb
†h cÖ‡Póv Pvjvb, Zvi Av‡jv‡K wRnv‡`i cwigÊj M‡o D‡V| mvjvnDÏxb
†Póv K‡ib Zuvi PvPv †ki‡Kvn- Gi g„Z¨z i ci Kvq‡ivq Ievq`x‡`i †kl
ev`kvn Av‡h` Gi gwš¿‡Z¡i `vwqZ¡ MÖnY Ki‡Z| KviY, wZwb Zvi g‡a¨
`yej
© Zvi aviYv K‡ib| Zuvi m‡½ †hme ˆmb¨ i‡q‡Q ZÏ¡viv wZwb wgk‡ii
mnvqZv jvf Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb| wKš‘ e¨vcvi N‡U aviYvi wecix‡Z|
mvjvnDÏxb cÖ¯‘Z n‡q GwM‡q G‡jb| wZwb µxov- †KŠZzK cwiZ¨vM
Ki‡jb| Øx‡bi †jevm cwiavb Ki‡jb Ges kwiq‡Zi gh©v`v †ndvRZ
Ki‡jb|1 wZwb †h `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib, Zv cÖgvY K‡i Abb¨ e¨w³Z¡, Avi Zv
DrmvwiZ nq mwZ¨Kvi Lwb †_‡K| d‡j wZwb Bmjvg Ges gymjgvb‡`i
mgm¨v wb‡q D‡V `uvovb, Avcb cvjb KZ©vi m‡½ wgwjZ nIqvi c~‡e© wZwb
¯^w¯— Av¯^v`b K‡ibwb, Zuvi gb cwiZ…ß nqwb|
Avgiv GLv‡b AvBqyex ivR‡Z¡i BwZnvm Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB bv| Avgiv
†Kej Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB mvjvnDÏxb e¨w³‡Z¡i g‡a¨ †mB wRnv`x
Avie‡`i cÖfve| Avwjg mgvR Avi †mbv AwacwZ‡`i‡K wZwb Kxfv‡e cÖ¯‘Z
K‡iwQ‡jb, hviv G gnvb Awfhv‡b Zuv‡K mnvqZv K‡i‡Qb|
mvjvnDÏxbKwZcq KxwZ©
1. mybvœ ni cÖwZ wgki‡K wdwi‡q Avbv
mvjvnDÏxb wgkixq‡`i c`Pz¨Z K‡ib ; KviY Zviv wQj wkqv| wZwb
Avãyj gv‡jK Be‡b w`ievm kv‡dwq‡K cÖavb wePvicwZ wbhy³ K‡ib| Zviv
AvRv‡b cwieZ©b mvab K‡i (nvBq¨v ÔAvjv Lvqwij Avgj)| wgm‡i
AveŸvmxq Lwjdv‡`i bv‡g LyZev eÜ Kivi ci wZwb AveŸvmxq‡`i bv‡g
LyZevn Pvjy K‡ib| (208 wnRix)| AveŸvmxq Lwjdv b~i“Ïxb gvngy` G
mymsev` `vb K‡ib| d‡j RbMY Lywk nq|
G cÖm‡½ Bgv` Avj- Bmdvnvbx KweZv iPbv K‡ib .
‫ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ذو ﺑﺪﻋﺔ ﺑﻤﴫ ﻓﲈ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﻲ ﻓﲈ‬
ّ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺿﺪ‬
ُ ‫ﺗﻮﰲ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺳُﻔﻬﺎ ﰲ اﻷﻣﻮر ﳏﺘﻜﲈ‬ ِ
‫ﻓﺮﻋﻮﳖﺎ اﻧﻔﴣ وﻏﺪا‬ ‫وﻋﴫ‬
ُ
1
AviivIhvZvBb t LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 173|
121
ً
‫ﻣﻠﺘﺌﲈ ﲠﺎ وﻋﻘﺪ اﻟﺴﺪاس ﻣﻨﺘﻈﲈ‬ ‫وﺻﺎر ﺷﻤﻞ اﻟﺼﻼح‬
2. wmwiqv- wgki HK¨
b~i“Ïx‡bi Bwš—Kvj Ges kvg †`‡ki Aw¯’iZvi ci mvjvnDÏx‡bi
Avwef©ve N‡U| d‡j wZwb `v‡gkK, †ngm Ges †ngvZ AwaKvi K‡ib Ges
nvje kni Ae‡iva K‡ib| wKš‘ Kg©KZ©viv, hv‡`i e¨vcv‡i IwQqZ Kiv
n‡q‡Q, Avjx Be‡b b~i“Ïxb (BmgvCj) AcÖvß eq¯‹ nIqvi Kvi‡Y RvwZi
wbKU mnvqZv `vwe K‡ib| b~i“Ïxb †h wkqv gZev` evwZj K‡ib, g‡b nq
†h, RvwZi GKUv weivU Ask Zv‡`i w`‡K by‡q c‡o| d‡j Zviv mnvqZvi
Rb¨ K_v Abyhvqx Kv‡Ri `vwe Rvbvq| kn‡ii †bZviv G k‡Z©i c‡¶ ivq
†`q, †Kej K_v‡KB Zviv h‡_ó g‡b K‡i bv| Zviv hLb mvjvnDÏx‡bi
kw³ Ges Avie †ev‡a Zvi Ae¨vnZ _vKv j¶¨ K‡i, ZLb Zviv nvkvkx
BmgvCjx‡`i wbKU †_‡K mnvqZv `vwe K‡i| Giv evwbqv‡m NuvwU †M‡o
e‡mwQj| d‡j Zviv wb‡R‡`i avivq †Póv Pvjvq| wek¦vmNvZKZv Øviv
mvjvnDÏxb‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z Pvq| wKš‘ Avj−vn Zuv‡K Zv‡`i lohš¿ †_‡K
i¶v K‡ib| wKQy mg‡qi Rb¨ Ae‡iva Zz‡j †bb| c‡i cybivq wd‡i
Av‡mb| nvkvkx BmgvCjxiv cybivq Zuv‡K nZ¨vi †Póv Pvjvq| G Kv‡R Zviv
e¨_© nq Ges G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv G‡mwQj Zv‡`i‡K nZ¨v Kiv
nq| Giv wb‡R‡`i‡K Ô†d`vweqvÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i| nvje evmxiv †Kej
GUv‡KB h‡_ó g‡b K‡iwb| Zviv eis w·cvjxi µz‡mWvi kvm‡Ki wbKU
mvnvh¨ Kvgbv K‡i| mvjvnDÏxb GUv‡K †Zgb ¸i“Z¡ †`bwb, eis wZwb
GKUv ¶z`ª cÎ †cÖiY K‡ib|
GZ` m‡Ë¡I mvjvnDÏxb nvje †_‡K wd‡i Av‡mb, nvje evmx‡`i m‡½
cÖPÊ hy‡× wZwb †Kvb iKg n¯—‡¶c K‡ibwb| we‡kl K‡i Zviv‡Zv mwÜ
cÖZ¨vkx wQj| G e¨vcv‡i Zviv byi“Ïxb gvngy‡`i Kb¨vi wbKU mycvwikI
Pvq| wKš‘ wgki- wmwiqvi HK¨ wel‡q myjZv‡bi AwfcÖvq AUj wQj|
GgbwK `ykg‡bi gy‡Li mvg‡b `uvov‡ZI wZwb BZ¯—Z K‡ibwb| Gmgq wZwb
wech©‡qi RU Dc‡o †djvi B”Qv K‡ib Ges nvkvkx‡`i Dci AvNvZ
nv‡bb| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡K wbnZ Ges A‡b‡K e›`x nq| wKš‘ Zuvi gvgv
wknveyÏxb nv‡igx, whwb †ngvZ Gi kvmK, wZwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡j
myjZvb Zv‡`i mycvwik MÖnY K‡ib|2 b~i“Ïx‡bi cy‡Îi g„Z¨z i ciB myjZvb
2
Imgvbx mvgªvR¨ Ges ZrcieZ©xKv‡j kvg †`‡k ev‡Zbx m¤cÖ`v‡qi g~‡jvrcvUb bv Kivi †¶‡Î G
mycvwik evi evi N‡U| Avnjym mybœvni Aš—‡ii mijZv †_‡K GB Ae‡njvi m„wó|
122
nvje‡K mshy³ Ki‡Z m¶g nb| Zuvici wbKUvZ¥xq‡`i g‡a¨ we‡iva †`Lv
w`‡j nvj‡ei Awaevmxiv Zv myjZv‡bi nv‡Z Ac©Y K‡i| Ggwbfv‡e
µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½ msNv‡Z wjß nIqvi k³ g~jbxwZi w`‡K avweZ nq|
†hgb KvwR Beby kv`v` e‡jb . mvjvnDÏxb hLb b~i“Ïx‡bi g„Z¨z Ges Zuvi
mš—vb wkï _vKvi e¨vcv‡i wbwðZ nb, †h †QvU wkï iv‡óªi †evSv enb Kivi
Rb¨ GwM‡q Avm‡e bv, Avi GB †QvU wkï GKv Avj−vni `ykgb‡`i `gb
Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e bv, m¶g n‡e bv Zv‡`i‡K †`k †_‡K weZvwoZ Ki‡Z,
ZLb wZwb wmwiqv Awfgy‡L Awfhvb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z nb| KviY kvg
†`kB n‡”Q g~j gymwjg †`k|3 GZme wKQy m‡Ë¡I mvjvnDÏxb Gmgq
wRnv` cwiZ¨vM K‡ibwb| eis gvi‡R Dqy‡bi g‡Zv K‡qKwU hy‡×
µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½ msNv‡Z wjß nb| Z‡e wdwiw½‡`i m‡½ me©vZ¥K hy‡× wjß
nIqvi e¨vcv‡i wZwb wbwðZ wQ‡jb bv|
mvjvnDÏx‡bi wRnv`
wgki- wmwiqv Ges Rvwhiv A‡ji A‡bK kn‡i mvjvnDÏxb KZ©…Z¡
cÖwZôv nq| Rvwhiv A‡ji GK Awfhv‡b wZwb Amy¯’ nb| ZLb wZwb gvbZ
Ki‡jb †h, Avj−vn Zuv‡K Av‡ivM¨ `vb Ki‡j wZwb Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× wRnv`
Avi evqZzj gyKvÏvm weR‡qB Zuvi mg¯— †Póv-mvabv wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡e| Ges
wZwb wbR nv‡Z µz‡mW (Avj KvK© Gi kvmK‡K) nZ¨v Ki‡eb| Z`xq DwRi
KvwR dv‡h‡ji Bw½‡Z wZwb GB gvbZ K‡ib|4
AZtci Avkcv‡ki kni¸‡jvi Dci wZwb mgwš^Z nvgjv ïi“ K‡ib|
Avi GUv K‡ib Avj−vn Zv‡K eo weR‡q ab¨ Kivi c~‡e©| Avi eo weRq
n‡”Q evqZzj gyKvÏvm D×vi Kiv| wnRix 575 m‡b (gvi‡R Dqy‡bi)
NUbvq wZwb wLª÷vb‡`i wei“‡× weRq jvf K‡ib| evwbqv‡mi hy‡×I wZwb
Rqjvf K‡ib| wZwb wLª÷vb †bZv‡`i‡K e›`x K‡ib Ges Qd` A‡j
`yt‡Li `yM© aŸsm K‡ib| G‡Ki ci GK wZwb wLª÷vb‡`i `y‡M©i Dci nvgjv
cwiPvjbv K‡ib| wnËx‡bi mgf~wg‡Z Zuvi Rb¨ weivU evwnbx cÖ¯‘Z nq|
GLv‡b Ggb eo NUbv N‡U, hv‡Z wLª÷vb‡`i nvwÇ †f‡O hvq Ges evqZzj
3
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 236|
4
wewkó †jLK Avãyi inxg Avi ivqnvbx wQ‡jb Øxb`vi Ges Kj¨vYKvgx e¨w³| wZwb †ek `vb-
m`Kv Ki‡Zb we‡kl K‡i gymwjg e›`x‡`i gy³ Kivi Rb¨| wnRix 596 m‡b Zuvi BbwZKvj nq|
G NUbv Avgv‡`i‡K †mjRyKx Dhxi wbhvgyj gyj‡Ki Kg©Kv‡Ûi ïf cÖwZwµqvi K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q
†`q| †bKKvi DËim~ix Øviv wKfv‡e Zv‡`i cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv nq| mvaviYZt mr †jv‡KiB mr mš—vb
jvf nq|
123
gyKvÏvm weR‡qi †¶‡Î cÖ¯Z ‘ nq| wLª÷vb cÖavb‡`i g‡a¨ hviv G hy‡×
Dcw¯’Z wQj, Zviv AvnZ Ges wbnZ nq| wbnZ‡`i‡K cÖZ¨¶Kvix e¨w³
e‡j . †mLv‡b †Zv †Kvb e›`x e¨w³ †bB, †K e›`x †`‡L‡Q? †mLv‡b‡Zv †Kvb
wbnZ e¨w³ †bB| kvg †`‡ki DcK‚jxq A‡j wLª÷vb‡`i Dci KZ©Z … ¡
jv‡fi ci †_‡K wnËx‡bi AvnZ gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ GUv wQj GK gyw³|5
Avj-KvK© (AvibvZ) Gi kvmbKZ©vI wQ‡jb e›`x‡`i g‡a¨, †h
nvwR‡`i‡K cxov w`‡Zv| Zvi Avmj D‡Ïk¨ wQj gw`bv AwaKvi Kiv| ZvB
mvjvnDÏxb wbR nv‡Z Zv‡K nZ¨v K‡i gvbZ cyiv K‡ib| wZwb †d`vex
Avi BmevZ©x‡`i‡KI nZ¨v K‡ib| KviY, Zviv wQj wLª÷vb‡`i kqZvb Ges
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ewk gymwjg we‡Ølx| wnËx‡bi hy‡× weRq jv‡fi ci
myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb †hme bMi Avi `yM© Rq Ki‡Z m¶g nb, †m¸‡jv n‡jv
Av°v, bvejym, nvBdv, Kvqmvwiqv, Qdzwiqv Ges bv‡Qiv| wnRix 583 m‡bi
27 iRe Rygvi w`b wZwb evqZzj gyKvÏvm Rq K‡ib| evqZzj gyKvÏv‡mi
wg¤^vi †_‡K cybivq AvRvb aŸwbZ nq Ges 91 ermi ci evqZzj gyKvÏv‡mi
KZ©Z… ¡ gymjgvb‡`i wbKU wd‡i Av‡m| G‡Z gymjgvbiv gnv Avbw›`Z nq|
G mymsev` me©Î Qwo‡q c‡o| myjZvb Avj−vni `iev‡i webq Avi ïKwiqv
cÖKvk K‡ib| evqZzj gyKvÏvm weRq wQj mvjvnDÏx‡bi me‡P‡q eo ¯^cœ|
G D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb GKUv eo wg¤^vi cÖ¯Z‘ K‡ib| wekvj wg¤^vi nvwRi Kiv nq
Ges cieZ©x Rygvq KvwR Beby hvKx wg¤^‡i Av‡ivnY K‡i LyZev `vb K‡ib|
mvjvnDÏxb kn‡ii e¨e¯’vcbv K‡ib, gmwR`- gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ib Ges
hveZxq bvcvKx Avi AcweÎZv †_‡K evqZzj gyKvÏvm‡K cweÎ K‡ib|
wRnv` Zuvi †bkvq cwiYZ nq| ZvB evqZzj gyKvχm wZwb Lye ¯^í mgq
Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Gici Ab¨vb¨ weRq Awfhv‡b ewnM©Z nb| wZwb Qvq`v I
ˆei“Z weRq m¤úbœ K‡ib| Rvev- jv‡hwKqv AwaKvi K‡ib, Bûw` `yM©,
†ivMivm `yM© AwaKvi KiZ: Qvd` I Avj- KvK© AÂj Awfgy‡L iIqvbv
K‡i Zv AwaKvi K‡i mvKxd `yMI © KivqË K‡ib|
GK Zzgj y µz‡mW hy‡× Zviv G°v cyb`©L‡ji †Póv Pvjv‡j myjZvb
mvjvnDÏxb `ª“Z Z_vq Qy‡U hvb Ges Zv‡`i gy‡LvgyLx Ae¯’vb †bb| mgy‡`ªi
w`K †_‡K wLª÷vbiv G°v Ae‡iva K‡i †i‡LwQj| mgy‡`ªi w`K †_‡K
µz‡mWvi‡`i Rb¨ Ae¨vnZ avivq mvnvh¨ Avm‡Z _v‡K| `xN© 36 gvm a‡i
gymjgvbiv Pig ˆa‡h©i m‡½ wLª÷vb‡`i †gvKvwejv K‡i (wnRix 585 m‡bi
iRe gvm †_‡K 588 m‡bi kvevb gvm ch©š—|) GB Ae‡iva Kv‡j myjZvb
5
Avi ivIhvZvBb , LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 78|
124
mvjvnDÏxb wekvj e¨w³Z¡ cÖKvk cvq| `xN© mv‡o wZb ermi hver wZwb
jovB‡q wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb| Beby kvÏv` e‡jb: wZwb wQ‡jb gnvb exi
evnv`yi‡`i Ab¨Zg| Zuvi g‡bvej wQj weivU Avi hy× ¯ú„nv wQj AUzU|
†Kvb wKQyB Zuv‡K Ujv‡Z cvi‡Zv bv Ges wKQy‡ZB wZwb wePwjZ n‡Zb bv|
GK iv‡Î Bsj¨vÛ †_‡K 70wUi †ewk hy× RvnvR G°v †cuŠ‡Q, Avm‡ii
bvgv‡Ri ci †_‡K m~hv© ¯— ch©š— mg‡q Avwg Gme RvnvR ïgvi Kwi| G‡Z
Zuvi g‡bvej Av‡iv e„w× cvq|6 GB `xN© Ae‡ivaKv‡j Zuvi Ges wLª÷vb‡`i
g‡a¨ A‡bK eo eo NUbv N‡U‡Q| Gme NUbvq wZwb weRqI jvf K‡ib|
wKš‘ BD‡ivc †_‡K µgvMZ mvnvh¨ Avm‡Z _v‡K mgy`ª c‡_| Dfq c¶
we¯§qKi ˆa‡h©i cwiPq †`q| msNl© P‡j R‡j-¯’‡j| GB Ae‡ivaKv‡j
myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb gi‡°vi ev`kv‡ni wbKU mvnvh¨ Pvb, whwb wQ‡jb
gyIqvnwn`‡`i iv‡óªi cÖavb| wKš‘ ev`kvn Zuvi mvnv‡h¨i Av‡e`b cÖZ¨vL¨vb
K‡ib| KviY, myjZvb c‡Î Zuv‡K Avgxi“j gywgbxb e‡j m‡¤^vab K‡ibwb|
GB `y‡f©v‡Mi †k‡li w`‡K myjZvb Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob Ges wLª÷vb‡`i m‡½
mwÜi Rb¨ wZwb e¨vKzj n‡q D‡Vb| Zviv cybivq G°v AwaKvi K‡i †bq
Ges Bqvdv `Lj KiviI †Póv Pvq; wKš‘ Zv‡`i †Póv mdj nqwb| myjZvb
evqZzj gyKvÏvm cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i mKj e¨e¯’v m¤úbœ K‡ib| wZwb bMi
cÖvPxi ms¯‹vi K‡ib| wZwb wb‡R Ak¦ wb‡q Qy‡U †h‡Zb Ges `~i `~ivš— †_‡K
cv_i enb K‡i Avb‡Zb| wZwb wb‡R A‡k¦i wc‡V cv_i †evSvB Ki‡Zb|
GB `„k¨ †`‡L ˆmb¨ivI Zuvi AbymiY K‡i|7
ivRavbx †_‡K `xN© Abycw¯’wZi ci wZwb `v‡gk‡K wd‡i Av‡mb| Zuvi
Aš—‡ii Kvgbv wQj n‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z nIqv| G hver nR Kivi my‡hvM Zuvi
nqwb| µz‡mWvi‡`i m‡½ wRnv` Ae¨vnZ †i‡L Zv‡`i‡K ¯^‡`k f~wg‡Z
†KvYVvmv K‡i ivLv wQj Zuvi AwfcÖvq| wKš‘ g„Zz¨ Zuvi GB AvKv•¶v c~iY
Ki‡Z †`qwb| 589 wnRix m‡bi 27 mdi wZwb `v‡gk‡K Bwš—Kvj K‡ib|
Avj−vni Zuvi cÖwZ Ki“Yv aviv el©Y Ki“b|
wRnv‡`i cÖwZ Zvi Aš—‡ii AvKl©Y
KvwR Beby kv`v` e‡jb . wRnv‡`i cÖwZ wZwb wQ‡jb AZ¨š— wbôvevb I
m`v Zrci| wRnv‡` wZwb AZxe ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc Ki‡Zb| †KD hw` njd K‡i
e‡j †h, wRnv‡` ewnM©Z nIqvi ci wRnv` Avi wRnv‡` mnvqZv Qvov wZwb
6
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 220|
7 8
Bebyj Avmxi, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 74|
125
GKUv `xbvi Ges w`invgI Ab¨ Kv‡R e¨q K‡ibwb, Zvn‡j wZwb Zvi Km‡g
mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ n‡eb| Zuvi Aš—ivZ¥v Ges mKj A‡½i Dci wRnv` fv‡jvfv‡e
†Ru‡K e‡mwQj| wZwb †Kej wRnv` wb‡qB K_v ej‡Zb Ges †Kej wRnv‡`i
A‡¯¿i cÖwZB ZvKv‡Zb| wRnv‡`i †cÖ‡g wZwb ¯^Rb- cwiRb, mš—vb- mš—wZ,
¯^‡`k f~wg Ges myL kvwš— wemR©b †`b| Zuveyi Qvqvq Rxeb KvwU‡q wZwb myL
†fvM K‡ib| evZvm Zuvey‡K wb‡q hvq KL‡bv Wv‡b Avevi KL‡bv euv‡q| †KD
Zvi ms¯ú‡k© G‡j wZwb Zv‡K wRnv‡`i Rb¨ DØy× K‡i Zzj‡Zb| Zuvi
wRnv`x ZrciZv wb‡q A‡bK MÖš’ iwPZ n‡q‡Q| Avwg wb‡RI Zuvi wRnv`
wel‡q GKUv MÖš’ iPbv K‡iwQ| G‡Z wRnv` m¤úwK©Z KziAvb gRx‡`i
AvqvZ, ivm~‡ji nvw`m Ges wRnv‡`i Av`e Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Bgv`
B¯únvbx e‡jb, Av°vi c‡_ myjZv‡bi m‡½ Avgiv b`xi Zx‡i Zx‡i Mgb
K‡iwQ| ZLb wQj fxlY kxZ| mgy`ª wQj DËvj| mgy‡`ªi †XD wQj ce©rmg|
mgy`ª `k©‡b Avwg wQjvg bexb, ZvB Avgvi wbKU Zv g‡b n‡q‡Q fqsKi|
mgy`ªMvgx e¨w³i gZvgZ‡K Avwg Zz”Q Ávb Kwi| G Ae¯’vq Avwg wb‡Ri
w`‡K ZvKvB Ges g‡b g‡b ewj . Avj−vn hLb Lywk n‡eb, ZLb mgy`ª Zx‡ii
Aewkó AskI Rq Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Ki‡eb| Avwg †`k‡K wef³ K‡iwQ
Ges IwQqZ K‡i †`k Z¨vM K‡iwQ, Ges Zv‡`i Øx‡ci D‡Ï‡k¨ Avwg GB
mgy`ª Z¨vM K‡iwQ| Zv‡Z Avwg Zv‡`i AbyMgb K‡iwQ, c„w_ex‡Z Avj−vn‡K
A¯^xKvi K‡i Ggb KvD‡K Avwg Aewkó ivLe bv, A_ev Avwg g„Z¨z eiY
Kie| Avgvi Dci G K_vi weivU cÖfve c‡o Ges Avgvi g‡b hv D`q nq
Zvi Kv‡Q Avwg Zv ewj, GB ¯^fv‡ei cÖwZ ZvKvI, Zv KZB bv cweÎ| GB
AvZ¥vi cÖwZ j¶¨ K‡iv, Zv KZBbv exi, KZBbv evnv`yi! †n Avj−vn !
Zzwg‡Zv Rvb †h, †Zvgv‡`i Øx‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Ges †Zvgvi ing‡Zi Avkvq wZwb
h_vmva¨ †Póv K‡i‡Qb| myZivs Zzwg Zvi cÖwZ `qv K‡i| Avi Zuvi mei
m¤ú‡K© Kx Avi ejv hvq| Av°vi nv½vgvq Avwg Zuv‡K †`‡LwQ; wZwb ZLb
Pig cxwoZ, cxov Zv‡K Pigfv‡e Av”Qbœ K‡i| †`‡ni ga¨¯’j †_‡K nuvUz
ch©š— Ggb fv‡e †dvov †ei n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb em‡Z cv‡ib bv| GiciI
†fvi †_‡K `ycyi ch©š— Ak¦v †ivn‡Y KvUvb| e¨_vi cÖPÊZvq wZwb ˆah© aviY
K‡i e‡jb: Avwg hLb Ak¦ c„‡ô Av‡ivnY Kwi ZLb †_‡K Ak¦ c„ô †_‡K
AeZiY Kiv ch©š— e¨_v `~i n‡q hvq|8
wZwb AveŸvmx Lwjdv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i wj‡Lb- GB wZbwU D‡Ïk¨ Avj−vni
iv¯—vq wRnv`, Avj−vni ev›`v‡`i cÖwZ Ryjyg †_‡K weiZ _vKv Ges Lwjdvi
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 221-222|
126
AvbyMZ¨- G¸‡jv n‡”Q †Kvb iv‡óªi wbKU †_‡K Lvw`‡gi Kvg¨, hLb Lvw`g
†m ivóª Rq K‡ib| Avj−vn Rv‡bb, †m myL †fvM Kivi Rb¨ wRnv` K‡i bv|
†h myL Avmj my‡Li †P‡qI nvjKv; Ggb D¤§vi Rb¨I †m wRnv` K‡i bv, hv
Pv¶zl weeiY c~Y© K‡i|9 Avgiv BwZc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ Kxfv‡e wZwb wb‡R
cv_i enb Ki‡Zb evqZzj gyKvÏv‡mi cÖvPxi wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨| Zzwg hw` Zv‡K
cv_i enb Ki‡Z †`L‡Z Zvn‡j Zzwg Rvb‡Z cvi‡Z †h, wZwb Ggb ü`‡qi
AwaKvix hvi wPš—vq cv_i enb Ki‡Z cv‡i|10 wZwb `v‡gkK cÖZ¨veZ©b
K‡i †`L‡Z cvb †h, evqZzj gv‡ji `vwqZ¡kxj Zuvi Rb¨ GKUv M„n wbg©vY
K‡i‡Q, ZLb wZwb µz× n‡q ej‡jb . `v‡g¯‹ ev Ab¨ †Kv_vI Ae¯’vb Kivi
Rb¨ Avgv‡`i Rb¥ nqwb| Avgv‡`i Rb¥ n‡q‡Q wRnv‡`i Rb¨|
Zuvi Rxebv`k© I PwiÎ- gvayh©
wnRix 532 m‡b Biv‡Ki wZKixZ `y‡M© myjZvb BDmyd Be‡b AvBD‡ei
Rb¥ nq| Zuvi wcZv AvBDe Be‡b kv`x wQ‡jb D³ `y‡M©i kvmK| Gici
wcZv gy‡m‡j e`jx nb| fvB Avmv`yÏxb †ki‡KvnI m‡½ Mgb K‡ib|
AZtci wcZv wmwiqvq evÕjvev° `y‡M©i AwaKZ©v wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ †bb| cyÎI
wcZvi m‡½ Mgb K‡ib| b~i“Ïxb cy·K wk¶v `vb ïi“ K‡ib Ges Zuvi
Ici wKQy ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡I b¨¯— K‡ib| d‡j wZwb PvPv Avmv`yÏxb
†ki‡Kvn wgm‡i †h Awfhvb Pvjvb, Zv‡Z wZwb cÖwZwbwai `vwqZ¡ cvjb
K‡ib PvPvi m½x wnmv‡e| PvPvi g„Zz¨i ci wZwb PvPvi c` MÖnY K‡ib A_©vr
Ievq`x iv‡óªi †k‡li w`‡K wZwb gš¿x nb| AZtci wZwb wbR †bZ…‡Z¡ wgki,
wmwiqv Ges Rvwhiv A‡j HK¨ mvab K‡ib Ges wRnv‡`i gq`v‡b
AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i µz‡mWvi‡`i wei“‡× wRnv` K‡i evqZzj gyKvÏvm Rq
K‡ib| wnRix 589 m‡b wZwb `v‡g‡¯‹ Bwš—Kvj K‡ib| Zuvi wbhy³
wePvicwZ KvwR Be‡b kv`v` Zuvi g„Zz¨ m¤ú‡K© gš—e¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb .
†Lv`vi Kmg K‡i ejwQ, wKQy †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q Avwg ï‡b AvmwQjvg †h, Zviv
wb‡R‡`i‡K DrmM© Ki‡Z AvMÖnx, Zv‡`i g‡Zv IivI wb‡R‡`i‡K DrmM©
Ki‡Z Pvq| Avwg wb‡R Ges Ac‡ii wbKU †_‡K Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, wdw`qv
M„nxZ n‡j wZwb Aek¨B wb‡R‡K wdw`qv w`‡Zb|11
Beby kv`v` e‡jb . myjZvb †Kvb m¤ú` Avi m¤úwË †i‡L hvbwb|
wZwb Zuvi Avwgi- Kg©KZ©v BZ¨vw` GgbwK `ykgb‡`i‡KI `vb Ki‡Zb|
9 41
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 48|
10
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 196|
11
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 213|
127
†Kej gvÎ 47 wU w`invg Qvov wZwb †Kvb ¯^Y©- †iŠc¨ †i‡L hvbwb| Avi
†i‡L hvb GKUv gvÎ `xbvi| wZwb mvgvb¨ Avnvi Ki‡Zb, mvgvb¨ e¯¿
cwiavb Ki‡Zb Ges gvgyjx hvbevnb e¨envi Ki‡Zb| Zuvi Rb¨ hv nvjvj
Ges hv‡Z Zuvi gb Zzó nq, Ggb e¯‘ Qvov wZwb cwiavb Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb
h_vixwZ Rvgv‡Zi m‡½ bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡Zb wbqwgZ wZwb nvw`mI kÖeY
Ki‡Zb, `ywU mvixi ga¨¯’‡j| A_©vr wRnv‡`i gq`v‡bI wZwb nvw`m kÖeY
Ki‡Zb| Av‡R ev‡R K_v †_‡K Zuvi gRwjk wQj gy³| Zuvi gRwj‡k
cvcx‡`i cÖwZ K‡VviZv Ges gyÕwgb‡`i cÖwZ †KvgjZv cÖ`k©b Kiv n‡Zv|12
cyÎ hv‡ni‡K wZwb nvj‡e wb‡`©k †`b †h, wknve †mvnivIqv`©x‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z
n‡e| KviY wZwb Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h, wknve †mvnivIqv`©x `vjvjx ïi“ K‡i‡Q
Ges `xb †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡q‡Q|
wZwb wQ‡jb AwZ webqx| †KD †`Lv Ki‡Z G‡j Zv‡K Awfev`b Ávcb
Kivi Rb¨ wb‡R †ewi‡q †h‡Zb| gvby‡li eo gh©v`v w`‡Zb, AwZ m¤§vb
Ki‡Zb| KL‡bv KL‡bv Lv‡`‡gi Kv‡Q cvwb PvB‡Zb; Lv‡`g K_v bv
ïb‡jI wZwb Zv‡`i‡K wKQyB ej‡Zb bv| KvwR dv‡Rj e‡jb . Zuvi wbKU
dwiqv` †ckKv‡j wf‡oi mgq Zuvi Pv`i c`Z‡j wcó n‡Zv| G‡Z wZwb
†gv‡UB ¶zä n‡Zb bv| GKw`b cÖPÊ e„wói mgq Avwg Zuvi wbKU Dcw¯’Z
nB| †ek cu¨vK Kv`vi g‡a¨ L”Pi Zvi Mv‡q cvwb-Kv`v wQUvq, GgbwK Zvi
mg¯— Kvco- †Pvco bó Ki‡jI wZwb (wKQyB bv e‡j eis) nvmwQ‡jb|13
Zuvi wbKU Ávb Avi Ávbx‡`i ¯’vb
b~i“Ïx‡bi kvmbvg‡j †h Áv‡bi Aven m„wó n‡qwQj, mvjvnDÏx‡bi
kvmbvg‡jI Zv Ae¨vnZ wQj| myjZvb wb‡R Ijvgv‡`i wbKU Mgb Ki‡Zb
Ges Zv‡`i `vi‡m Dcw¯’Z n‡Zb| wnRix 572 m‡b wZwb wgk‡ii
Av‡jKRvw›`ªqvq Mgb K‡ib Ges evi evi kvqL Avey Zv‡ni mvjvdxi41 m‡½
mv¶vr K‡ib Ges nvw`m kÖeY Kivi `xN© mgq Zuvi wbKU Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb|
b~i“Ïx‡bi kvmbvg‡j KvwR KvgvjyÏxb wQ‡jb Ab¨Zg eo Av‡jg I DwRi|
mvjvnDÏxb `vwqZ¡ MÖn‡Yi ci KvwR‡`i‡K ¯^ ¯^ c‡` en iv‡Lb| A_P
KvwR KvgvjyÏx‡bi aviYv wQj, b~i“Ïx‡bi kvmbvg‡ji we‡iva‡K †K›`ª K‡i
myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb Zuv‡K c`Pz¨Z Ki‡eb| wnRix 577 m‡b myjZvb
12
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2 c„ôv- 217|
13
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„óv- 223|
Avng` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b mdv Avj Bmdvnvbx| evM`v` AvMgb K‡i Kvqv nvivmxi wbKU
wdKn wk¶v K‡ib| Av‡jKRvw›`ªqvq Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Z_vKvi bvgKiv gynvwÏm| IdvZ 576 wnt|
`ªóe¨ t Be‡b Lvwj−Kvb- Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvÕqvb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 105|
128
bwewRi nvw`m kÖeY Kivi Rb¨ mgq wba©viY K‡i †`b| Gi d‡j Av‡jg -
Ijvgv‡`i mgv‡ek N‡U| †h me Av‡jg Zuvi Nwbô mvwbœ‡a¨ Av‡mb, Zuv‡`i
Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb Avjx Be‡b Beivwng Be‡b bvRv `v‡gkKx nv¤^jx| wZwbB
n‡”Qb †mB Av‡jg , whwb myjZvb mvjvnDÏx‡bi wei“‡× wec−e Kivi Rb¨
wgk‡ii Ievq`x kvmK‡`i lohš¿ duvm K‡iwQ‡jb|42
Zuv‡`i Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb kv‡dwq gvRnv‡ei dKxn bvRgyÏxb Lveykvbx|
Ievq`x miKv‡ii cZb NUv‡bvi †¶‡Î Bwb mvjvnDÏxb‡K mvnm †RvMvb
Ges Zv‡`i c‡¶ LyZev cvV eÜ K‡i †`b| myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb GKUv
gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡i †m gv`ªvmv cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ Zvi Dci b¨¯— K‡ib|
dKxn Ges Avwgi‡`i g‡a¨ dKxn Cmv Avj- QvKvixI wQ‡jb| wZwb
exi- evnv`yi Ges D`vi ˆmwbK| kvqL Aveyj Kv‡mg eviRxi wbKU wdKv‡ni
Ávbjvf K‡ib Ges Avwgi Avmv`yÏxb †ki‡Kvn Gi m‡½ hy³ wQ‡jb| wZwb
myjZvb mvjvnDÏx‡bi m‡½ Ggb fv‡e K_v ej‡Zb, †hfv‡e Ab¨ †KD K_v
ej‡Z cvi‡Zvbv| mvjvnDÏxb hLb Av°v Ae‡iva K‡i iv‡Lb, †m mgq
wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib|43 †Kvb Av‡jg Zuvi m‡½ mv¶vr Kivi Rb¨ AvMgb
Ki‡j Zuv‡K †ek gh©v`v `vb Ki‡Zb Ges Zuv‡K Zuvi wb‡Ri Avi wbKUvZ¥xq
I cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i Rb¨ Dc‡XŠKb bv w`‡q we`vq w`‡Zb bv|
Av‡jg mgvR Ges Avgxi‡`i m‡½ ms‡hvM- mym¤úK© eRvq ivLv Qvov
Ggb gnvb weRq AR©b m¤¢e bq| KvwR Be‡b kv`v` e‡jb . wZwb cÖwZ
†mvg Ges e„n¯úwZevi wePv‡ii Rb¨ em‡Zb| wePv‡ii GB †Lvjv gRwj‡m
dKxn Ges KvwRiv Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Zb| md‡i Ae¯’vb Kv‡jI wZwb GB wePvi
gRwj‡mi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Zb|44
Av‡j gvK`vmx bv‡g cwiwPZ †h †kÖwYwU `v‡gk‡Ki mv‡jwnqv A‡j
emevm Ki‡Zv, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Avey Igi gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b
Kz`vgv Ges Zuvi fvB nv‡dR Avãyj MYx I gvgv kvqL Bgv`| †hme gyRvwn`
evwnbx wb‡q myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb ewnM©Z n‡Zb, Zv‡Z Giv Aek¨B
_vK‡Zb| evqZzj gyKvÏvm, mgy`ª ZxieZ©x AÂj BZ¨vw` RqKv‡j Awfhv‡b
Giv Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb|45
Zuvi DwRi Avi Avwgi
42
Avj-we`vqv, LÛ-13, c„ôv 39
43
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 43| Iqvwdq¨vZzj AvÕqvb, LÛ- 3 c„ôv- 497|
44
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 219|
45
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 13, c„ôv- 65|
129
ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, kvmK Avi kvwm‡Zi m¤úK© Øvw›ØK| kvmK mr n‡j
wZwb Øxb`vi Avi Kj¨vYKvgx‡`i‡K fv‡jvevm‡eb Ges fv‡jv Avwgi
DwRi‡`i msmM© Øviv Avj−vn Zv‡K ab¨ Ki‡eb| myjZvb mvjvnDÏx‡bi
†¶‡Î GUv cy‡ivcywi Lvc Lvq| KvwR Avãyi inxg evqmvbxi m‡½ wZwb
GKgZ wQ‡jb, whwb wQ‡jb Zuvi gš¿x mfvi DwRi| my¯’ wPš—v Avi my¯’ eyw×i
AwaKvix KvwR Avãyi inxg wQ‡jb Zuvi wbKU weivU gh©v`vevb| Zuvi gZvgZ
myjZvb MÖnY Ki‡Zb| we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wel‡q Zuvi wbKU civgk© PvB‡Zb|
wewkó †jLK Bgv` Bmdvnvbx Zuvi m¤ú‡K© e‡jb . myjZvb Zuvi K_v
ivL‡Zb Avi wZwbI †g‡b Pj‡Zb myjZv‡bi K_v| Zuvi gZ Abyhvqx myjZvb
†Kvb A‡j Awfhvb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Zb| Zuvi †jLv wQj mvnv‡h¨i wbðqZv|
wZwb wQ‡jb wekvj cÖÁvi AwaKvix Ges Zuvi `yi`„wó Kvh©Ki Kiv n‡Zv|46
wZwb †mB e¨w³, whwb Av°v Ae‡ivaKv‡j myjZvb‡K ¸bv‡ni fq †`wL‡q cÎ
wj‡Lb Ges mZK© K‡i †`b Kv‡iv cÖwZ ˆmb¨‡`i Ryjgy m¤ú‡K©, hv n‡e
civR‡qi KviY| wZwb e‡jb . Avj−vni AvbyMZ¨ Qvov Zuv‡K mš‘ó Kiv hvq
bv Ges Avj−vni w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Qvov Kó- †K¬k `~i nq bv| †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b
cvc KvR Kiv †nvKbv †Kb, Zv cÖKvk cv‡eB| Avi †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b Ab¨vq
Kiv †nvK bv †Kb, Zv duvm n‡eB| Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡`i KZ©vi nv‡Z
cweÎ weR‡qi m~Pbv K‡i‡Qb, hv Avj−vni B”Qvq Zuvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi cÖgvY
n‡e| Avgiv Avj−vni wbKU Zuvi MRe †_‡K cvbvn PvB, Zv †hb Zuvi wei“‡×
cÖgvY bv nq|47 wRnv‡` wbôvevb ˆmb¨‡`i †bZ…Z¡ `v‡bi ZvIdxK Zuv‡K †`qv
n‡q‡Q| KL‡bv KL‡bv wRnv`x cwigʇji cÖfve co‡Zv ˆmb¨‡`i Dci|
Zuvi Ab¨Zg Avwgi wQ‡jb B¾yÏxb R‡`©K, Avi wZwb wQ‡jb b~i“Ïx‡bi
Avhv` Kiv µxZ`vm| Zuvi g‡a¨ wek¦¯Z — v Avi exi‡Z¡i mgv‡ek N‡UwQj|48
Aci Rb wQj mvBdzÏxb RvIbx| wZwbI wQ‡jb exi- evnv`yi, hvi g‡a¨
Øxb`vix Avi e‡›`wMi mgv‡ek N‡UwQj|49 Av‡iv wQ‡jb Aveyj nxRv, Bebym
wmgxb, Bebyj gvkZze, evnvDÏxb KvivKzk, hviv wQ‡jb Zuvi mwPe I Avwgi|
Giv wQ‡jb exi-evnv`yi, hviv Kvq‡iv bMixi cÖvPxi wbg©vY K‡ib Ges ce©Z
`yM© wbg©vY Kivb| mvjvnDÏxb Zvi nv‡Z G°v A‡ji `vwqZ¡ b¨¯— K‡ib|
46
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 241|
47
Avj- we`vqvnv, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 339|
48
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 557|
49
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 558|
130
wZwb †mLv‡b _vKvKv‡j Ae‡iv‡ai NUbv N‡U Ges G wb‡q †jv‡Kiv bvbv mvjvnDÏxb wK wdwjw¯—‡bi `vwe Z¨vM K‡iwQ‡jb?
Kvwnwb iPbv K‡i, hv weï× bq|50 evqZzj gyKvÏvm Rq Kivi ci µz‡mWvi‡`i KzKz‡ii g‡Zv Kvgov Kvgwo
Kiv Ges Zv‡`i G°v AwaKvi Kiv m‡Ë¡I Ges mwÜi Rb¨ mvjvnDÏxb wZb
ermi e¨vKzjZvi ciI wZwb wdwjw¯—‡bi `vwe Z¨vM K‡ibwb| KviY, wdwjw¯—
b Zuvi gvwjKvbvaxb wQj bv, eis Zv wQj gymjgvb‡`i gvwjKvbvaxb| Ges
Bs‡iR kvmKI Zuvi m‡½ †Póv Pvjvb; wKš‘ wZwb wdwjw¯—‡bi †Kvb Ask
Avj−vni `ykgb‡`i Rb¨ †Q‡o w`‡Z K‡Vvifv‡e A¯^xKvi K‡ib| Avi
gymjgvb‡`i AwaKvi wb‡q ˆkw_j¨ cÖ`k©b Kiv mvjvnDÏx‡bi g‡Zv gnvb
e¨w³‡Z¡i ¯^fve n‡Z cv‡i bv| Bs‡iR kvmK Zuvi Kv‡Q wj‡L . Bs‡iR Avi
gymjgvbiv aŸsm n‡q‡Q Avi †`‡ki n‡q‡Q me©bvk, Rvb Avi gvj webó
n‡q‡Q| evqZzj gyKvÏvm Avgv‡`i Bev`‡Zi ¯’vb; Avgv‡`i GKRb †jvKI
†eu‡P _vKv ch©š— Avgiv Zvi `vwe Z¨vM Kie bv| †`k‡Zv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q
wd‡i Avm‡e; Zv R`©vb‡K wew”Qbœ Ki‡e bv| ¯^fveZB GUv n‡”Q Bs‡iR
kvm‡Ki GKUv K‚U †KŠkj, m¤¢ve¨ cwigv‡Y A_ev b~¨bc‡¶ wKQy Av`vq
Kivi Rb¨ weivU wKQy `vwe Kiv- GUvB n‡”Q Bs‡iR‡`i KvR|51
mvjvnDÏxb Zv‡K Reve †`b . evqZzj gyKvÏvm Avgv‡`i| Zv Avgv‡`i
bex‡`i wePiY ¯’j| myZivs Avgiv Zvi `vwe Z¨vM Kie GUv KíbvI Kiv
hvq bv| gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ Avgiv Ggb K_v gy‡L D”PviYI Ki‡Z cvwi bv|
Avi †`k, gyjZ . ZvI‡Zv Avgv‡`iB ZrKv‡j †mLv‡b †hme gymjgvb wQj,
Zv‡`i `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y mvgwqKfv‡e †Zvgiv Zv `Lj K‡i wb‡qwQ‡j|52
ZLb Bs‡iR kvmK Reve †`q . Avcbvi wbKU Avwg hv `vwe KiwQ, Zv n‡”Q
GB †h, evqZzj gyKvÏvm `y‡M© Avgv‡`i wekRb †jvK _vK‡e, Avi bM‡i
†hme wLª÷vb _vK‡e, Zv‡`i‡K D˨³ Kiv n‡e bv|
Rev‡e myjZvb e‡jb . ïay gvÎ wRqviZ Qvov evqZzj gyKvÏvm m¤ú‡K©
†Zvgiv †Kvb K_vB ej‡Z cvi‡e bv|53 mveavb| weMZ iRwb KZBbv fqvZ©

51
wZwb mwÜi Rb¨ e¨vKzj wQ‡jb| †`‡k wd‡i †h‡Z Pvb Ges myjZv‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ c‡Î e‡jb t
Avj−vnikc_ K‡i ejwQ, mwÜ m¤ú‡K© Avgvi cÖ‡kœi Reve w`b| G Ggb GK welq, hvi mgvwß
Acwinvh©| mgy‡`ªi Icv‡i Avgvi †`k aŸsm n‡q †M‡Q...........| Be‡b kv`v` e‡jb t GB
†KŠk‡ji cÖwZ j¶¨ Ki| KL‡bv bi‡g, Avevi KL‡bv Mi‡g D‡Ïk¨ wm× Ki‡Z Pvq| wd‡i
hvIqvi Rb¨ †m e¨vKzj wQj| Zvi Dci Avj−vni jvÕbZ| Avi G Kvi‡Y wZwb e¨vKzj nb|
Avj−vniwbKU cÖv_©bv, wZwb †hb Zv‡`i Pµvš— †_‡K i¶v K‡ib.........| Avwg ewj, GLb ch©š—
Bs‡iR‡`i GB ixwZB P‡j Avm‡Q|
52
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 200|
50 53
Avj- we`vqvn, LÛ- 13, c„ôv- 34| Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 2, c„ôv- 200|
131 132
wQj| eZ©gvb hy‡M Bûw`iv wdwjw¯—b wb‡q KzKz‡ii gZ Kvgov Kvgwo Ki‡Q|
cvðv‡Z¨i wLª÷vbiv Zv‡`i‡K DmKvwb w`‡”Q| Zviv mg‡q m½ †`q, Avevi
mg‡q †auvKv †`q, my‡hvM Kv‡R jvMv‡bvB Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨| Zviv jvf Ki‡Z
Pvq bZzb bZzb ¯^v_©| Avi nvm¨Ki kvwš—i †gvojiv kqZvwb A½xKv‡ii
A‡c¶vq Av‡Q| KviY, g~jZ . wRnv` ev hy‡×i B”Qv Zv‡`i †bB| †h †Kvb
g~‡j¨ Zviv kvwš— Pvq| Avi Bûw`iv we‡klfv‡eB f~wg Pvq| ivwkqvq
Bûw`‡`i c¶ †_‡K Zv‡`i Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ G‡m‡Q|54
myjZvb I m~i kni
HwZnvwmK Bebyj Avmxi G g‡g© myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb‡K Awfhy³ K‡ib
†h, m~i bMixi e¨vcv‡i wZwb evovevwo K‡i‡Qb| KviY, †h †Kvb Ae‡iva ev
weRq †k‡l wZwb e›`x‡`i‡K gy³ K‡i w`‡Zb Ges Zv‡`i‡K wbivcËv `vb
Ki‡Zb| d‡j Giv mK‡jB m~i bMix‡Z mg‡eZ n‡Zv, cieZ©xKv‡j hv Rq
Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| AZtci wZwbB Avevi Awf‡hvM K‡ib †h, m~i bMixi
mvg‡b wZwb `xN© mgq ˆah© aviY Ki‡Z m¶g nbwb| GUv Zuvi Af¨vm wQj
†h, †Kvb Rbc` Zuvi n¯—MZ n‡j †m Rbc` m¤ú‡K© wZwb e¨vKzj n‡q
DV‡Zb Ges Zv †Q‡o P‡j †h‡Zb|55 Zvi e¨vcv‡i mvjvnDÏxb Qvov Kv‡iv
Aciva wQj bv|56
GUv wK wVK †h, mvjvnDÏxb m~i bMixi cÖm½Uv wkw_j K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb
Ges wLª÷vb‡`i‡K †mLv‡b mg‡eZ nIqvi my‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb? GLv‡b Avgiv
G wRÁvmvi Reve †`qvi †Póv Kie|
cÖ_gZ . D‡j−L Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †h, mvjvnDÏxb m¤ú‡K© Bebyj Avmxi
GK ai‡bi Ab¨vq K‡i‡Qb| Avi Zvi KviY GB †h, Rw½ cwiev‡ii cÖwZ
Bebyj Avmx‡ii `ye©jZv i‡q‡Q Ges wZwb Zv‡`i‡K †ek m¤§vb K‡ib| Ges
wZwb g‡b K‡ib †h, mvjvnDÏxb Rw½ cwiev‡ii wbKU †_‡K wmwiqv I
wgk‡ii ivRZ¡ wQwb‡q wb‡q‡Qb| G Kvi‡Y Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, wZwb
my‡hvM †c‡jB mvjvnDÏx‡bi cÖwZ wUàwb Kv‡Ub| wZwb D‡j−L K‡ib †h,
ˆei“‡Z I Ry-evBj Rq Kivi ci mvjvnDÏx‡bi wbKU me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡cY~ ©
54
weMZ eQi¸‡jv‡Z wdwjw¯—bx Bû`x‡`i e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b D`¨Z nq Ges we¯§qKi
`„pZvi cwiq †`q| wKš‘ Ab¨vb¨ †`k wRnv‡`i K_v ïb‡Z Pvq bv| G Kvi‡Y Bû`x‡`i m‡½ msNvZ
n‡e `xN© Ges Avj−vni B”Qvq ïf cwiYvg gymjgvb‡`i c‡¶ hv‡e|
55
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 555|
56
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 555|
133
welq wQj Avmdvb I evqZzj gyKvÏvm Rq Kiv, KviY `y‡UvB wQj wgk‡ii
c‡_| evqZzj gyKvÏvm Rq Kivi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q weivU bvg I L¨vwZ|57
wbf©i‡hvM¨ m~‡Îi eiv‡Z Bebyj Avmxi D‡j−L K‡ib †h, wZwb
mvjvnDÏxb †K †`L‡Z cvb Zuvi AwZw_ gyB¾yÏxb Kvqmvi kvn Be‡b KR
Avimvjvb‡K we`vq Rvbv‡Z (whwb wQ‡jb Avbvhyj A‡j †mjRyK ivR‡Z¡i
Ab¨Zg kvmK) | mvjvnDÏxb hLb Av‡ivnY Ki‡Z D`¨Z nb, gyB¾yÏxb
evû a‡i Zv‡K Av‡ivnY Kivb| Rw½ cwievi †_‡K AvjvDÏxb Be‡b
B¾yÏxb Zvi †cvkvK wQwb‡q †bb| eY©bvKvix gš—e¨ K‡ib . †n AvBDe
Zbq! Kx KiQ Zzwg? Zzwg wK g„Z¨z eiY KiQ? †mjRyK ev`kvn Ges Be‡b
AvZveK Rw½ †Zvgv‡K Av‡ivnY Kiv‡”Q? 58 ZvB Bebyj Avmxi Ges Zuvi
eY©bvKvix Df‡q evovevwo K‡i hv‡Z ebx AvBD‡ei GKRb †jvK GB
gh©v`vq cuyQ‡Z cv‡i|
Av‡iv GKUv K_v| Avgiv j¶¨ Kwi bv †h, Bebyj Avmxi Rvwjg-
dvwmK ev`kvn‡`i wb›`v K‡ib, mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i †`vlΓwUi
D‡j−L K‡ib bv, we‡kl K‡i g~‡mj Ges †mjRyK kvmK‡`i|
wØZxqZ . mvjvnDÏxb m¤ú‡K© GK_v ejvI mwVK bq †h, mKj
e›`x‡KB wZwb gy³ K‡i w`‡Zb| KviY, wZwb nviex Z_v hviv Zvi wei“‡×
hy× Ki‡Z D`¨Z n‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i‡K we‡kl K‡i wd`vweqv Avi BmeiwZqv
m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jvKRb‡K nZ¨v K‡ib| wKš‘ wZwb hLb †Kvb bMi Ae‡iva
K‡ib Ges †m bM‡ii Awaevmxiv Zvi Kv‡Q wbivcËv `vwe K‡i GB k‡Z© †h,
Zviv `yM© R‡q Zuv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e, Zv‡`i‡K wZwb wbivcËv `vb K‡ib Ges
A½xKvi c~iY K‡ib| G m¤ú‡K© Bebyj Avmxi wb‡RB e‡jb . wZwb wQ‡jb
AwZ ¶gvcivqY, ¶gv PvB‡j wZwb ¶gv Ki‡Zb Ges D`viZv †`Lv‡Zb|59
GUvB wQj mvjvnDÏx‡bi cÖew„ Ë Avi cÖKw… Z| wZwb ¶gv Avi D`viZv‡K
fv‡jvevm‡Zb| †Kvb kni Avi bMi ¶q¶wZ QvovB c`vbZ n‡j GUv‡K
Awfev`b Ávcb Ki‡Zb| Aek¨ wZwb AwZô Avi wei³ n‡j †Kvb kni
Zvi m¤§y‡L `uvov‡j wZwb Zv †`‡L wb‡Zb GK_v mwVK bq| wZwb G°v kni
Ae‡iva K‡ib Ges G Ae‡iva P‡j `xN© 36 gvm, GiciI wZwb wei³ nbwb
Ges Ae‡iva Zz‡jI †bbwb| Aek¨ m~i bMi wZwb Z¨vM K‡ib GUv G Rb¨
†h, wZwb †`L‡Z cvb GKUv cÖwZwôZ `yM©| Ges Ae‡iva `xN© © Kivq †Kvb
57
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„ôv- 554|
58
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 12, c„ôv- 76|
59
Avj- Kvwgj, LÛ- 12, c„óv-25|
134
dj †`Lv †`‡e e‡j wZwb g‡b K‡ib bv, we‡kl K‡i Ggb †¶‡Î †hLv‡b
wZwb wb‡RI Av‡Qb|60
Z…ZxqZ . wbQK mvgwiK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K Bebyj Avmxi mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡j
†m e¨vcv‡i wKQy ejvi †bB| mKj `„wó‡Kv‡Yi Rb¨B i‡q‡Q GKUv we‡kl
`„wófw½| †hgb wZwb e‡jb . m~i duvKv wQj, wKš‘ mvjvnDÏxb Zv AwaKvi
Ki‡Z fq cvb Ges Zv i¶v Kivi kw³ Zvi wQj bv| Ab¨_vq c~‡e© hw` Zv
AwaKvi Kiv ïi“ Ki‡Zb Zvn‡j webv K‡ó Zv AwaKvi Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb|
Zvi G gš—e¨ mwVK| hw`I ïi“‡Z Zv Ae‡iva Kivi †¶‡Î mvjvnDÏxb
wQ‡jb gyRZvwn`|
60
myi bMi cÖm‡½ Bebyj Avmxi GKUv PgrKvi NUbv D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb †m KviY m¤ú‡K© hv
m~ievmx‡`i‡K kw³ †hvMvq Ges mvjvnDÏx‡bi mvg‡b Zv‡`i‡K wU‡K _vK‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| wZwb
e‡jb t R‰bK Bs‡iR e¨w³ Ges Zv‡`i †bZv (Bebyj Avmxi Zvi bvg e‡jb Av- gviKxR, wKš‘
GUv ¯úó †h, Zv bvg bq, eis Dcvax)| †jvKUv GKUv mIqvix wb‡q Av°vi K‚‡ci wbKU Dcw¯’Z
nq| †m Rvb‡Zvbv †h, Bs‡iRiv civwRZ n‡q‡Q Ges mvjvnDÏxb †m K‚‡ci AwaKvix n‡q‡Q|
†jvKwU bMixi wbKUeZ©x n‡qI hLb Zv‡K m¤^a©bv Ávc‡bi †Kvb D‡`¨vM †`L‡Z †c‡jvbv, ZLb
Zvi m‡›`n n‡jv| Gici (mvjvnDÏxbcyÎ) ev`kvn AvdR Zvi wbKU GKRb †jvK †cÖiY K‡ib
Zvi cwiPq †bqvi Rb¨| gviKxR Zvi wbKU e¨vcvUv Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡K gymjgvbiv Bs‡iR‡`i
civR‡qi K_v Rvbvq| Zv‡K Rvbvq †h, G°vi cZb n‡q‡Q Ges m~i! AvmKvb BZ¨vw`I
gymjgbv‡`i AwaKv‡i G‡m‡Q| Zvi gy‡Li mvg‡bB Gme K_v e‡j (hv A¯^xKvi- Awek¦vm Kiv
nqwb)| ZLb GB Bs‡iR G°v bM‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z BZ¯—Z I Uvj-evnvbv K‡i| †m evqy cÖev‡ni
A‡c¶vq _v‡K| hv‡Z evqy cÖev‡n G°vi Avkcvk ¶wZMÖ¯— nq| evZvm G‡j Zv aŸsm K‡i Ges
gymjgvbiv Zv‡Z Avkªq wb‡Z cv‡iwb| †mB †jvKwUB m~i evmx‡`i †bZ…Z¡ †`q Ges wb‡Ri A_©
m¤ú` Øviv bMix‡K kw³ †hvMvq| `ªóe¨ t Av- Kvwgj, LÛ- 11, c„óv 544| cvVK gymjgvb‡`i
Aš—‡ii cweÎZv m¤ú‡K© †f‡e †`Lyb|
135
4. GB `yB kvm‡Ki `„wó‡Z ms¯‹vi I bevqb
G `yÕRb gymwjg kvm‡Ki wKQy KxwZ© Dc¯’vcb Kivi ci Avgv‡`i Rb¨
GLv‡b GK_v D‡j−L Kiv Acwinvh© †h, Zuviv hv wKQy K‡i‡Qb, A‡bK
we‡ePbvq Zv Bmjvg ms¯‹vi ev bevqb e‡j MY¨| Zuv‡`i c~‡e© Ges c‡i
†Kvb †Kvb Av‡jg ZvR`x` ev bevq‡bi KvR K‡i‡Qb e‡U, wKš‘ Zv‡`i
KvR‡K c~Yv© ½ ZvR`x` ejv hvq bv| mvaviYZ: Ae¯’v hvB wQj, ZvB i‡q‡Q|
Z‡e GKRb Av‡jg e¨w³ AvK¡x`v cwiï× Kivi †Póv Pvjvb Ges gvbyl‡K
mwVK c‡_ Avbvi †Póv K‡ib|
Avgiv GLv‡b ZvR`x‡`i K‡qKwU w`K wb‡q ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev:
GK . wRnv` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv| kvmK KZ©…c¶ DwRi, †bZv Ges
MYgvby‡li c¶ †_‡K Zv ev¯—evq‡bi Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v `xN©w`b †_‡K cwiZ¨³
n‡q‡Q| d‡j D¤§Z g‡i †M‡Q Ges Zviv Nywg‡q c‡o‡Q| GB my‡hv‡M
Bmjv‡gi `ykgb ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq gymwjg D¤§vi Dci †P‡c e‡m‡Q †fZi
†_‡K Ges evB‡i †_‡K| GB my‡hv‡M †ivg Zv‡`i Dci nvgjv cwiPvjbv
ïi“ K‡i †`q| Gici AvMgb N‡U µz‡mWvi‡`i| Zviv gymjgvb‡`i f~wg
Rei `Lj K‡i †bq| Avgiv b~i“Ïxb Ges mvjvnDÏx‡bi wRnv`x ¯ú„nv
cÖZ¨¶ Kwi, cÖZ¨¶ Kwi wRnv‡`i Rb¨ Zv‡`i cÖ¯w‘ Z, Abykxjb, mvgwiK
A‡¯¿i gnov Ges `yM© Avi cÖvPxi wbg©vY| Zuviv RbMY‡K wRnv‡`i Rb¨ DØy×
K‡ib, Ijvgv Avi Iqv‡qR †kÖwY Zv‡`i m‡½ hyׇ¶‡Î Dcw¯’Z nb| GUv
Rvbv K_v †h, wRnv` D¤§Z‡K RvMÖZ K‡i Ges kw³ mÂq K‡i| Aegvbbvi
ci wRnv` m¤§vb Avi gh©v`vq f~wlZ K‡i| Gi cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ GUvB h‡_ó
†h, evqZzj gyKvÏvm Ges †MvUv wdwjw¯—b AÂj AwaKvi Kivi ci
mvjvnDÏxb `xN© 36 gm G°v kni Ae‡iva K‡i iv‡Lb| G mgq wZwb
Zuvey‡Z Ae¯’vb K‡ib| GK `Ê kvwš— wQj bv| `ykg‡bi cÖwZ‡iv‡a wZwb
cÖwZw`b Ak¦v‡ivnb K‡i †ei n‡Zb|
`yB . mywePv‡ii fveaviv cÖPvi| BwZc~‡e© Avwgi-DwRiiv RbM‡Yi m¤ú`
Avi m¤úwË Ab¨vqfv‡e KivqvË Ki‡Zv| kvmK †Mvôx cÖPvi Ki‡Zv †h,
G‡Z RbM‡Yi mš‘wó Av‡Q| GgbwK Zv‡`i cÖwZ i‡q‡Q RbM‡Yi AvbyMZ¨|
c¶vš—‡i Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, byi“Ïxb gvngy‡`i kvmbvg‡j †mbv cÖavb
Avmv`yÏxb †ki‡Kvn Zvi mg¯— m¤ú` Z¨vM Kivi AvKv•¶v e¨³ K‡ib Ges
Av`vj‡Z wZwb byi“Ïx‡bi m¤§y‡L em‡ZI cÖ¯‘Z nb|
wZb . iv‡óªi m¤ú` †fvM bv Kiv| G welqUv AZx‡Zi me ivóª Avi
miKvi †_‡K wfbœ| b~i“Ïx‡bi wbKU †Kvb Dcnvi- Dc‡XŠKb G‡j wZwb Zv
136
ivóªxq †KvlvMv‡i †cÖiY Ki‡Zb| Zuvi ¯¿x LiP `vwe Ki‡j wZwb Zv‡K ivóªxq
†KvlvMvi †_‡K wKQy bv w`‡q †ng‡mi K‡qKwU †`vKvb †`wL‡q †`b| myjZvb
mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyex Bwš—Kv‡ji mgq GK `xbvi Ges 40 w`invg †i‡L
hvb| †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb Ges Dgi Be‡b Avãyj AvRx‡Ri ci Ggb K_v
Avi †kvbv hvqwb|
Pvi . mykvmb cÖwZôv| BwZc~‡e©i kvmKiv †Kvb †Kvb welq gxgvsmvi
Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK ¸i“‡`i wbKU †cÖiY Ki‡Zb| kwiq‡Zi weavb AbymZ „ n‡Zv
bv Ges wKQy †jvK wePv‡ii Rb¨ KvwRi `iev‡i Mgb bv K‡i Mgb Ki‡Zv
cywj‡ki wbKU Ges Zviv wb‡R‡`i AvBb Abyhvqx dqjv mv Ki‡Zv|
HwZnvwmK Avey kvgv e‡jb . b~i“Ïxb hLb gy‡mj AwaKvi K‡ib ZLb wZwb
cywjk cÖavb‡K wb‡`©k †`b kwiq‡Zi weavb Qvov †hb †Kvb gxgvsmv bv Kiv
nq| KvwRi wb‡`©k †hb j•Nb bv Kiv nq| AZtci GB HwZnvwmK KvwR
BDmyd Be‡b iv‡d- Gi DׄwZ w`‡q e‡jb †h, b~i“Ïxb kwiqZ we‡ivax
weavb Øviv kvmbKvh© cwiPvjbv Ki‡Zb bv|61 wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb . wZwb ¯^xq
kvmbvaxb †Kvb A‡j U¨v·, Kv÷g wDDwU Ges I-ki Av‡ivc K‡ibwb|
eis wZwb G me Ki iwnZ K‡ib|62 A_©vr wZwb gvby‡li Dci †_‡K Ryjgy
cÖZ¨vnvi K‡ib Ges Avj−vni ûKz‡gi we‡ivax AvBb evwZj K‡ib|
cuvP . Av‡jg mgv‡Ri gh©v`v| Zuviv Av‡jg‡`i‡K fv‡jvevm‡Zb, Zv‡`i
civgk© MÖnY Ki‡Zb Ges Zv‡`i‡K †hvM¨ ¯’vb Avi gh©v`v `vb Ki‡Zb|
Zuviv gv`ªvmv Pvjy K‡ib, Áv‡bi PP©v K‡ib Ges Áv‡bi Avm‡i Zuviv wb‡Riv
†hvM`vb Ki‡Zb| eis myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb Zuvi `yÕmš—vb Avjx Ges
Imgvb‡K m‡½ wb‡q Av‡jKRvw›`ªqvq nv‡dR mvdxi Avm‡i †hvM`vb
Ki‡Zb| Av‡jg KvgvjyÏxb kniRyix gwš¿‡Z¡i gh©v`vq DbœxZ nb| myjZvb
mvjvnDÏxb Dc‡`óv‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb wewkó Av‡jg I Iqv‡qR Be‡b bvRv
nv¤^jx| Avi Zuvi DwRi KvwR dv‡hj wQ‡jb Pxc †m‡µUvix| wZwb wQ‡jb
Ávb †cÖwgK| Av‡jg mgvR‡K wZwb fv‡jvevm‡Zb|
61
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 13|
62
Avi ivIhvZvBb, LÛ- 1, c„ôv- 6|
137
5. cieZ©xKv‡j ms¯‹vi Kvh©µg †Kb Ae¨nZ wQj bv?
myjZvb mvjvnDÏxb wQ‡jb GK wec−ex e¨w³Z¡| Zuvi g‡a¨ A‡bK gnr
¸Yvewji mgv‡ek N‡U| myjZvb b~i“Ïxb gvngy` wRnv‡`i †h cwigÊj M‡o
†Zv‡jb, Zv‡Z Áv‡bi gh©v`v wQj| Av‡jg mgvR‡K Dchy³ ¯’vb †`qv n‡Zv
Ges mywePv‡ii cÖmvi NUv‡bv n‡Zv| mvjvnDÏxb gvbm Avi PwiÎ MV‡b Gme
¸Yvewj mnvq‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| Avwgi Avi DwRi ch©š— Gme ¸Y
we¯—vi jvf K‡i| Z‡e †h cÖavb RwUj mgm¨vwU Aewkó wQj, Zv n‡jv GB
†h, Zuv‡`i ms¯‹vi †Kvb k³ wfwË cvqwb| Zv ivóª- miKv‡ii MY-avivq
cwiYZ nqwb| k³ wf‡Zi Dci cÖwZwôZ n‡j †bZv ev cÖwZôvZvi AeZ©gv‡b
Zv eÜ n‡Zv bv| mvjvnDÏx‡bi Bwš—Kv‡ji ci Zuvi wZb cyÎ wgki, wmwiqv
Ges nvje wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ fvM K‡i †bq| kvmb c×wZ‡Z c~ev© e¯’v wd‡i
Av‡m| fvB‡`i wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ Ø›Ø-msNvZ †`Lv †`q, hv wQj G‡nb Ae¯’vq
¯^vfvweK| c¶vš—‡i hw` my`p„ wfwË M‡o DV‡Zv, h_v †LjvdZ wfwËK wePvi
e¨e¯’v M‡o DV‡Zv, Zvn‡j †bZv ev cÖwZôvZvi AeZ©gv‡bI ivóª wef³ I
`ye©j n‡Zv bv| KviY, e¨w³ bv _vK‡jI k³ wfZ‡Zv eZ©gv‡b i‡q‡Q|
cÖ‡qvRbxq kZ©vbyhvqx Dchy³ e¨w³‡K †hvM¨ c‡` evQvB K‡i †bqv hvq|63
HwZnvwmK Be‡b Kvmxi e‡jb . wcZvi g„Z¨z i ci mvjvnDÏxb cyÎ Avdh
e¨e¯’vcbvq weK…wZ mvab K‡i| wcZvi Avwgi‡`i‡K `~‡i mwi‡q †`q, `~‡ii
†jvKRb‡K wbK‡U wb‡q Av‡m Ges †Ljv ayjvq gË n‡q c‡o|64
mvjvnDÏx‡bi mš—vb‡`i ci ¶gZvq Av‡m Zv‡`i wcZ…e¨ Avw`j| Avw`‡ji
mš—vbiv, hviv wQj AvBq~ex iv‡óªi DËivwaKvix, Zviv wKQyUv n‡jI
µz‡mWvi‡`i †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Avw`‡ji cyÎ Cmv µz‡mWvi‡`i
m‡½ wRnv` K‡ib| wZwb wb‡R Av‡jg wQ‡jb Ges Av‡jg‡`i‡K
fv‡jvevm‡Zb| wZwb ej‡Zb . Avwg Zvnvex AvKx`vq wek¦vmx| w`gqv‡Zi
wLª÷vb‡`i m‡½ hy‡× fvB Kv‡gj‡K mnvqZv K‡i wZwb e‡jb . w`gqv‡Zi
NUbv Avwg Avj−vni Kv‡Q Rgv ivLwQ Ges Avkv Kwi, Zv Øviv Avj−vn Avgvi
cÖwZ `qv Ki‡eb|65 wKš‘ µz‡mWviiv cybivq GKÎ n‡q nvgjv Pvq Ges
mvjvnDÏxb Zv‡`i wbKU †_‡K hv wKQy AwaKvi K‡i wb‡qwQ‡jb, Zviv
63
eZ©gvb Kv‡jI Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †Kvb †Kvb Avie †`k †cÖwm‡W›U- cÖavbgš¿x‡K mg_©b Ki‡jI
iv‡óªi wKš‘ †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| aŸsm †_‡KI i¶v cvqbv| cwðgv MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K©
Avgv‡`i GZUv KovKwo m‡Ë¡I Ges Zvi ΓwU- wePz¨wZi eZ©gv‡bI Zv GL‡bv wU‡K Av‡Q G Rb¨
†h, my¯úó bxwZ gvjv Avi k³ wf‡Zi Dci Zviv Zv‡`i `k©b cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q, e¨w³i Dc‡i bq|
64
Avj- we`vqvn LÛ- 13, c„ôv- 10|
65
Avj- we`vqvn LÛ- 13, c„ôv- 166|
138
†mme †diZ †`qvi `vwe Rvbvq| d‡j Zv‡`i Ges Avw`‡ji cy·`i g‡a¨
GB g‡g© mg‡SvZv nq †h, Zviv †Kej evqZzj gyKvÏvm `L‡j ivL‡e|
wnRix 638 m‡b Avw`‡ji cyÎ mv‡jn BmgvBj Qvq`vi wLª÷vb kvmbKZ©vi
wbKU kvKxK `yM© Ac©Y K‡ib| kvqL B¾ Be‡b Avãym mvjvg Ges Bebyj
nvwRe G NUbvi cÖwZev` Rvbv‡j wZwb Zv‡`i‡K e›`x K‡i c‡i gyw³ †`b|
gyw³ †c‡q Be‡b Avãym mvjvg wgki Mgb K‡ib|66 ZLb AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK wnsmv
we‡Øl †`Lv †`q| GB BmgvBj Avi Qv‡jn AvBDe Be‡b Kv‡gj Gi
we‡ivaKv‡j Qv‡jn AvBDe `v‡gkK `y‡M©i e¨vcv‡i LvIqvi‡Rgx‡`i m‡½
cÎ gvidZ †hvMv‡hvM K‡ib| ivR cÖmv` Avi myL- m‡¤¢v‡Mi g‡a¨ †hme
mš—vbiv cÖwZcvwjZ n‡q‡Q, Zviv hLb †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z A¶g n‡jv, ZLb
gvgjyK ev `vm esk Zv‡`i wbKU †_‡K ¶gZv AwaKvi K‡i †bq Ges GivB
µz‡mWvi Avi ZvZvi‡`i aŸsm jxjv eÜ K‡i|
Gfv‡e AvBqyex iv‡óªi mgvwß N‡U Ges gvgjyKiv ¶gZvq AwawôZ
n‡jI wRnv`x Ges ms¯‹vi Kv‡h©i cÖfve ZLbI Ae¨vnZ wQj| gvgjyKiv
(AvB‡b Ry‡Z) Avwgi (KvZvh)- Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ ZvZvi‡`i‡K civwRZ Ki‡Z
m¶g nq| Rvwni evqevm© Gi kvmbvg‡j wmwiqv Ges wgm‡i A‡bK k³
NuvwUi cZb N‡U| wnRix 663 m‡b kvmK Rvwni Kvqmvwiqv Ges Avim~d
AwaKvi K‡i Z_vKvi mg¯— wLª÷vb‡K nZ¨v K‡ib| AZtci wØZxq `dv
QK` Rq KiZ: Bqvdv Ges Gš—vwdqv AwaKvi K‡ib| 669 wnRix m‡b
G°v cybi“×vi K‡i †bq| G m¤ú‡K© Be‡b Kvmxi e‡jb . Bmjvg Ges
gymjgvb‡`i Kj¨v‡Y Zuvi i‡q‡Q m`y‡Ïk¨| wZwb bMi Avi `yM© Rq K‡ib
Ges BmgvCjx‡`i wbKU GKUv `yM©I Qv‡obwb| wZwb wQ‡jb exi-evnv`yi
Ges AwZ mvnmx cyi“l| †ivg Avi gyNj‡`i m‡½ Ggb hy× K‡ib, hyM hyM
a‡i hvi K_v †kvbv hvqwb| †cvkvK-AvkvK Ges Avnvi-wenv‡i wZwb wQ‡jb
ga¨cš’x| G iKg wQj Zuvi ˆmb¨I| wZwb g`¨ cvb iwnZ K‡ib Ges
dv‡mK- cvcvPvix‡`i‡K †`k †_‡K ewn®‹vi K‡ib| wnRix 676 m‡b wZwb
Bwš—Kvj K‡ib|67 wKš‘ µz‡mWvi‡`i P~ovš— cÖ¯’vb m¤úbœ nq Avkivd Be‡b
KvivD‡bi kvmbvg‡j wnRix 690 m‡b, hLb m~i Ges mvq`v AvZ¥mgc©Y
K‡i|
gymjgvbiv gvgjyK‡`i‡K MÖnY K‡i †bq| KviY, Zviv wQj exicyi“l|
Zv‡`i wQj ch©vß mvgwiK cÖwk¶Y| d‡j Zviv my‡hvM mÜvbx `ykgb‡`i nvZ
66
Avj- we`vqvn, LÛ- 13, c„ôv- 166|
67
Avj- we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn, LÛ- 13, c„ôv- 292|
139
†_‡K Bmjvg‡K i¶v K‡ib| wKš‘ Zviv RbMY‡K ˆeÁvwbK Ges mvs¯‹w… ZK
w`K †_‡K M‡o †Zv‡jwb| †hb Zv‡`i Avk¼v wQj gymjgvb‡`i‡K †kKo
†_‡K Dc‡o †djv n‡e| d‡j Zviv c`‡¶c †bq axi gš’i MwZ‡Z| Gme
gvgjyK‡`i ¯úó †Kvb ivR‰bwZK bxwZgvjv wQj bv, hv Zv‡`i ivRZ¡‡K
¯’vqx Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Zviv mvs¯‹w… ZK w`K †_‡KI wPš—v Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Gfv‡e gymjgvb‡`i Af¨š—ixY ΓwUi Kvi‡Y Ges Zv n‡”Q civg‡k©i wfwˇZ
KvR bv Kiv- ms¯‹vi Kvh© Ae¨vnZ _vK‡Z cv‡iwb| G Qvov Ijvgv‡`i Rb¨
BRwZnv‡`i `iRv eÜ KivI wQj Ab¨Zg KiY|
myiv Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Abycw¯’wZ Be‡b Lj`y‡bi g‡Zv HwZnvwmK‡K AvBb
wewae× Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| wZwb GB AvBb‡K Acwinvh© g‡b K‡ib| Avi
Zv GB †h, †Kvb ivóª e¨e¯’vB wZb cyi“l ev wZb kZvãxi †ewk Kvj wU‡K
_vK‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY, Z…Zxq ev PZz_© cyi“l Aek¨B AvBb iwnZ Ki‡e|
d‡j iv‡óªi cZ‡bi m~Pbv n‡e| †Kvb ivóª hw` Gi †P‡q †ewk mgq wU‡K
_v‡K Z‡e Zv g„Zz¨i wU‡K _vKv| cÖ_g `dvq kw³i Kvi‡Y Zvi cÖvY GB hvq
Avi GB Av‡m `kv| G ai‡bi iv‡óªi †¶‡ÎB Be‡b Lvj`~‡bi `k©b Lvc
Lvq| Aek¨ ivóª hw` k³ wf‡Zi Dci cÖwZwôZ nq, h_v civg‡k©i wfwˇZ
wm×vš— †bIqv, ¯^Zš¿ wePvi wefvM Ges GKv‡WwgK Bbw÷wUDkb BZ¨vw`,
ZLb Ae¯’v wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i|
†Ljvd‡Z iv‡k`vi ivóª e¨e¯’v civgk© wfwËK wQj, wKš‘ Zv mymsev`
Ges my¯úó weavb wfwËK wQj bv| KviY, ZrKv‡j welq wQj RwUj| wKš‘
mgm¨v †`Lv †`q cieZ©xKv‡j, hLb ïiv wewae× nqwb Ges mwVK iƒ‡c Zvi
Abykxjb nqwb|
Ab¨ GKUv cÖm½, Avi Zv n‡”Q Ijvgv‡`i c¶ †_‡K BRwZnv‡`i `iRv
eÜ K‡i †`qv, hvi d‡j †Kvb †Kvb kvmK Zv‡`i mvg‡b †`Lv †`qv †jb‡`b
Ges ivR‰bwZK I Avš—Rv© wZK mgm¨vi †Kvb mgvavbB Lu‡y R cvb bv| †Kvb
†Kvb mgq †KD AvkÖq †bq fwel¨r e³v ev Ggb wKQyi wbKU, Zviv hv‡K
e‡j ivRbxwZ| A_P gymwjg D¤§vn gyRZvwn`gy³ _vK‡ZB cv‡i bv| Zv‡`i
g‡a¨ wbtkZ© BRwZnv‡`i ¶gZv _vK‡Z n‡e, hviv †h †Kvb mgm¨vq mwVK
kwiq‡Zi weavb w`‡Z m¶g | G `ywU n‡”Q wRnv` Ae¨vnZ bv _vKvi
Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY Ges Av‡jvK ab¨ hy‡Mi ci gymwjg wgj−v‡Zi `ye©jZv|
140
 ِ َ َ ‫اﻟﺒﻼغ‬ َ ‫ﻧﻌﺪﻫﻢ َ ْأو َ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬ِ ِ
ïf cwiYvg gyËvKx‡`i Rb¨, A‡bK †¶‡Î m~Pbv nq mskq, ُ َ ْ ‫وﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
‫اﳊﺴﺎب‬ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﻓﻴﻨﻚ َ ِ ﱠ‬
َ ْ َ َ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﲈ‬ ْ ُ ُ َ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﱠاﻟﺬي‬
َ ْ َ ‫ﻧﺮﻳﻨﻚ‬ َِْ
َ ‫وإن َﻣﺎ ُ ِ َ ﱠ‬
wKš‘ wbM©gb Øviv cÖwZfvZ nq wek¦vm
﴾٤٠:‫﴿اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬
K‡Vvi I KÆi `ykgb‡`i m¤§y‡L A_ev A‡c¶gvY mskqev`x‡`i gy‡L ÔAvgiv Zv‡`i‡K †h kvw¯—i fq †`LvB, Zvi wKQy hw` †Zvgv‡K †`LvB
Avj−vni wKZv‡e Mw”QZ ivLv ixwZi †P‡q †ewk mZ¨ ixwZ Avi wKQyB †bB| . A_ev hw` BwZc~‡e©B †Zvgvi g„Z¨z NUvB- †Zvgvi KZ©e¨‡Zv †Kej cÖPvi Kiv
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﲔ‬ِ ُ ِ
َ ‫واﻟﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ ُ ﱠ‬
َ َ َ Avi wnmve- wbKvk‡Zv Avgv‡`i KvR|Õ
(m~iv ivÕ` : 40)
Ôïf cwiYvg †bKKvi gyËvKx‡`i Rb¨|Õ
Avi `ywbqv‡Z GUv msNwUZ bv n‡j AvwLiv‡Z Aek¨B NU‡e:
bex Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjv‡gi Revbx‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, Avgiv Kxfv‡e ِ
ِ ‫ﻋﻘﺒﻰ ﱠ‬
﴾٤٢ :‫اﻟﺪار ﴿اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬ ْ َ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎر‬
َ ْ ُ ‫ﳌﻦ‬ ُ ‫وﺳﻴﻌﻠﻢ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
ُ ََْ َ َ
wg_¨vev`x‡K wPb‡ev? Zuv‡K G cÖkœ Kiv n‡j wZwb e‡jb : djvdj †_‡KB
Zzwg Zv‡`i‡K wPb‡Z cvi‡e| e¨vcviUv hLb gvby‡li wbKU Zvj‡Mvj cvwK‡q ÔGes Kvwdiiv Awej‡¤^ Rvb‡Z cvi‡e †h, ïf cwiYvg Kv‡`i Rb¨|Õ
hvq Ges mZ¨-wg_¨v hvPvB Kivi ¶gZv _v‡K bv, ZLb Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡e : (m~iv ivÕ`: 42)
†Zvgiv djvd‡ji A‡c¶v K‡iv, †K mZ¨cš’x, Avi †K wg_¨vcš’x, †Zvgiv َ ُ ِ َ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻨﻘﻠﺐ‬
﴾٢٢٧ :‫ﻳﻨﻘﻠﺒﻮن ﴿ اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‬ ‫ﻇﻠﻤﻮا َ ﱠ‬
ٍ َ َ ْ ُ ‫أي‬ ِ َ
ُ َ َ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
َ ‫وﺳﻴﻌﻠﻢ ﱠ‬
ُ َْ َ َ
wb‡RivB Zv cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Z cvi‡e .
َ ِ َ َ ‫رض‬
ÔRvwjgiv kxNª Rvb‡Z cvi‡e †Kv_vq Zv‡`i Mš—e¨¯’jÕ (m~iv ïÕAviv .
‫ﷲ‬ ُ ِ ْ َ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
ُ‫ﻳﴬب ا ﱠ‬ ِ ْ َ‫ﻓﻴﻤﻜﺚ ِﰲ ْاﻷ‬
ُ ُ ْ َ َ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺟﻔﺎء َ َ ﱠ‬
ُ َ ْ َ ‫وأﻣﺎ َﻣﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ﱠ‬ ُ َ ْ َ َ ‫اﻟﺰﺑﺪ‬
ً َ ُ ‫ﻓﻴﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ََﱠ‬
ُ َ ‫ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﱠ‬
227)
َ َ َْ ْ ٍ َ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ِ َ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﺎرى‬ ِ َ َ ‫ﳾء‬
ٍ ِ َ ‫وﻗﺎﻟﺖ ْاﻟﻴﻬﻮد‬
ِ َ َ
(١٧ :‫﴾ )اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬١٧﴿ ‫اﻷﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﳾء‬ْ َ َ ‫اﻟﻴﻬﻮد‬
ُ ُ َ ْ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬
َ ْ َ َ ‫وﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﺎرى‬
َ ْ َ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ َ َ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﱠ‬
َ ْ ُ َُ َ
ِ َ ْ ِ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮن‬
َ ُ َ ْ َ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ َﻻ‬ِ َ َ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ َ ِ َ َ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ِ َ ُ ْ ‫وﻫﻢ‬
Ôhv AveR©bv Zv †d‡j †`qv nq; Avi hv gvby‡li DcKv‡i Av‡m, Zv ‫ﻳﻮم‬
َ ْ َ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬ ْ ْ َ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
ُ ُ ْ َ ُ‫ﻗﻮﳍﻢ َﻓﺎﷲﱠ‬
ْ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﳛﻜﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻗﺎل ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ‫ﻳﺘﻠﻮن‬ َ ْ ُ َ
Rwg‡Z †_‡K hvq| Avj−vn Gfv‡e Dcgv w`‡q _v‡Kb|Õ (m~iv ivÕ`: 17)
myZivs ïf cwiYvg gyËvKx‡`i Rb¨- GUv Avj−vni wPiš—b ixwZ, RvwZ- ﴾١١٣ :‫ﳜﺘﻠﻔﻮن ﴿اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ َ ُ ِ َ ْ َ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮا‬ ِ ِ ِْ
ُ َ ‫ﻓﻴﲈ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬
َ َ
†Mvôxi cwiYwZi †¶‡Î, hviv m‡i `uvovq Zv‡`i cvjb KZ©vi weavb Avi ÔBûw`iv e‡j, wLª÷vb‡`i †Kvb wfwË †bB Ges wLª÷vbiv e‡j- Bûw`‡`i
cÖKw… Zi wbqg †_‡K| mZ¨ wg_¨vi msNv‡Z Avj−vni bxwZ GB †h, mZ¨ Dc‡i †Kvb wfwË †bB; A_P Zviv wKZve cvV K‡i| Gfv‡e hviv wKQyB Rv‡b bv,
_vK‡e Avi wg_¨v _vK‡e bx‡P| myZivs hviv Avj−vni iv¯—vq wRnv` K‡i ZvivI Abyiƒc K_v e‡j| myZivs †h wel‡q Zv‡`i gZ‡f` Av‡Q, wKqvg‡Zi
cÖwZwôZ- cÖgvwYZ mZ¨ e¯‘ mÜvb K‡i, hv ¯’vcZ¨ Z‡Ë¡iI `vwe, ZLb w`b Avj−vn †m wel‡q gxgvsmv Ki‡eb (m~iv Avj- evKviv . 113)|
cÖKw… Zi ixwZ Zv‡`i mnvqZv- c„ô‡cvlKZv K‡i _v‡K|68 K‡Zv Zv¸‡Zi cZb n‡q‡Q, K‡Zv Rvwjg ivóª wejxb n‡q †M‡Q, †hb
BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ges gvby‡li Rxebaviv ch©v‡jvPbv G bxwZi cÖwZ KL‡bv Zv wQjB bv| Bmjv‡gi `ykgbiv †fZi Ges evB‡i †_‡K K‡Zv †Póv,
mg_©b Rvbvq| Avgiv cÖZ¨¶ KiwQ †h, wg_¨v hLbB ùxZ n‡q `¤¢ cÖKvk K‡Zv lohš¿Bbv K‡i‡Q| cwiYwZ‡Z BmjvgB wU‡K Av‡Q| wU‡K _vK‡e|
K‡i, ZLb Avj−vni ûKz‡g wKQy Kvj c‡i n‡jI mZ¨ Zvi Dci Rqx n‡e| ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`v‡qi c‡¶ K‡Zv wec−e mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| †Lviivwgqv, evewKqv,
wg_¨v K‡qKUv P°i †K‡U Lo Kz‡Ui g‡Zv D‡o hvq| Avi hv Kj¨vYKi, Zv- Rw½ Avi dv‡Zgx‡`i bv‡g; AZtci Avn‡j mybvœ ni A‰_ mgy`ª Z‡j Zv jxb
B `xN©¯’vqx nq| e¨w³, mgvR, ivóª Avi mf¨Zv- ms¯‹…wZi †¶‡Î G bxwZ n‡q †M‡Q| Avj−vn ZvÕAvjv e‡jb .
cÖ‡hvR¨| AZx‡Zi GgbwU bv N‡U _vK‡j fwel¨‡Z Aek¨B NU‡e|
(٦٤ :‫أﻃﻔﺄﻫﺎ اﷲﱠُ )اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ْ َ ْ ِ ‫ﻧﺎرا‬
َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮب‬ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﻛﻠﲈ‬
ً َ ‫أوﻗﺪوا‬ َ ‫ُﱠ‬
ÔZviv hZevi hy‡×i AwMœ cÖR¡wjZ K‡i, ZZevi Avj−vn Zv wbe©vwcZ
68
Avj−vgv ikx` wihv wgmix t Zvdmxi Avj- gvbvi, LÛ- 5, c„ôv- 260| K‡ib|Õ (m~iv gvwq`v: 64)
141 142
 ZvZvi Avi µz‡mWvi‡`i AvMgb N‡U| †ek `xN© Kvj Zv‡`i cÖZvc
P‡j| AZtci me wKQy Zvi g~‡ji w`‡K wd‡i hvq| evn¨Z: cÖKvk cvq †h,
iv‡dhx Avi ev‡Zbx m¤úÖ`vq wnRix PZz_© Ges cÂg kZ‡K gymwjg we‡k¦i
Dci †Ru‡K e‡m| `yÕk ermi G aviv P‡j| AZtci `ª“Z cwieZ©b N‡U
cwiw¯’wZi Ges gvbyl wd‡i Av‡m mybvœ ni w`‡K|
m¤úÖwZKv‡j KwgDwb÷iv aviYv K‡i †h, ZvivB BwZnvm Avi gvbe
mgvR Abyave‡bi †¶‡Î †Kej c~Yv© ½ `k©‡bi AwaKvix| GKRb gvby‡li
Avqy®‹v‡jiI Kg mg‡qi g‡a¨ KwgDwbRg Ggb wejyß n‡q †M‡Q, †hb Zv
weMZ Kv‡ji welq|
AvaywbK hy‡Mi Zv¸Z, hviv gymwjg †`‡ki wecyj A‡j KZ©…Z¡ cÖwZôv
K‡i wdivD‡bi f~wgKvq AeZxY© n‡q mxgv j•Nb K‡i| Ae‡k‡l hLb mgq
G‡m hvq ZLb †KD Zv‡`i Dci `qv K‡i bv, Rbc` Avi Rbc‡`i
evwm›`viv Zv‡`i †_‡K gyw³ cvq|
ïf cwiYvg gyËvKx‡`i Rb¨- G g~jbxwZB wK gvb`Ê bq?
e¨w³MZ ch©vq m¤ú‡K© Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j (in:) e‡jb .
Avgv‡`i Avi †e`AvZ cš’x‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©‡K¨i gvcKvwV n‡”Q RvbvRv|
A_©vr wZwb eySv‡Z Pvb †h, †h Av‡jg mybœvni Abymvix, RbMY Zv‡K kÖ×v
Ki‡e, eo gh©v`vevb g‡b Ki‡e| Avj−vn m„wó †jv‡Ki Aš—‡i Zvi Rb¨
fv‡jvevmv m„wó Ki‡eb| d‡j †jv‡Kiv Zvi RvbvRvq Ask †b‡e| c¶vš—‡i
hviv †e`AvZ cš’x, Zv‡`i †Mvj‡hvM m„wói †Póv Avi Rvwjg miKv‡ii wbKU
mnvqZv Kvgbv m‡Ë¡I †kl ch©š— Zviv RbM‡Yi fv‡jvevmvi cvÎ n‡Z cv‡i
bv| RbMY Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kvb AvKl©Y Luy‡R cvq bv| cÖvPxb gyÕZvwhjv
cš’x‡`i g‡a¨ AvR wK †KD Avng` Be‡b Avey `vD` Ges bvh&hvg Avi
Avj−v‡di bvg gy‡L †bq? A_ev †KD wK Pigcš’x Kvjvg kv¯¿we` ev Pigcš’x
mywd‡`i K_v D‡j−L K‡i? gvbyl wK Zv‡`i‡K D¤§vi c_cÖ`k©K e‡j g‡b
K‡i? Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, wek¦ mybœvni h‡Zv KvQvKvwQ Av‡m, MÖvn¨Zv Avi
RbwcÖqZv ZZB e„w× cvq| †e`AvZ cš’x‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Bgvg Be‡b
ZvBwgqvi wei“‡× †Mvj‡hvM m„wó K‡iwQj, AvR †KD Zv‡`i bvg †bq bv|
Zv‡`i eB c‡o bv; wKš‘ wnRix 8g kZvãx †_‡K AvR ch©š— mviv we‡k¦
Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqvi MÖš’ Qwo‡q i‡q‡Q|
BwZnvm Aa¨q‡bi AbymÜvb cÖ‡Póvq Avgiv eZ©gv‡bi m‡½ †ewk
mvgÄm¨kxj AZxZ †`L‡Z cvB bv| †h hyMUv m¤ú‡K© Avgiv Aa¨qb K‡iwQ,
143
Zvi †P‡q †ewk wk¶Yxq hyMI Avgiv Avi †`L‡Z cvB bv| wnRix PZz_©
kZvãx‡Z AÜKvi Ggb we¯—vi jvf K‡iwQj †h, gvbyl aviYv K‡i e‡m †h,
cwieZ©‡bi †Póv K‡i Avi Kx jvf n‡e? Pvwiw`‡K †e`AvZ cš’x‡`i Rq
RqKvi, kvmK †Mvôx †Ru‡K e‡m Av‡Q Zv‡`i Ae¯’v‡b Aš—Z: ¯^‡`k f~wgi
wnmv‡e n‡jI; †diKve›`x Avi we‡f`- we‡”Q` Pi‡g †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| AZtci
cÖk¯—Zv †`Lv †`q| mybœvni w`‡K wd‡i Avmvi †¶Î cÖ¯‘Z nq, Ávb †K›`ª
Qwo‡q c‡o Ges Ggb me †bZvi Avwef©ve N‡U, hv‡`i g‡a¨ Øxb`vix Av‡Q,
Av‡Q exiZ¡| eZ©gvb cwi‡ek- cwiw¯’wZi AvbyK‚j¨ Ges Avš—R©vwZK
†hvMv‡hvM †bUIqvK© Ggb ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q, hvi †Kvb bwRi BwZc~‡e© wQj
bv| gymjgvb‡`i mgm¨v †j‡M _vK‡e Zxeª †mªv‡Zi g‡Zv| Avi Gme mgm¨vq
Zv‡`i †bZ…Z¡ †`‡eb Ávbx Avi eyw×Rxexiv| Ávb Avi ivRbxwZi wgjb
Aewa Zv‡`i mgm¨v †j‡M _vK‡e| d‡j Avwef©ve NU‡e Ávbx kvm‡Ki;
†hgb wgjb N‡UwQj b~i“Ïxb gvngy` Ges mvjvnDÏx‡bi e¨w³‡Z¡| Avwg g‡b
Kwi Avj−vni c‡_ AvnŸvb Kvixiv A‡í Zzó n‡q e‡m Av‡Qb †h, Avj−vn Zuvi
wKZv‡e †h ixwZ Mw”QZ †i‡L‡Qb, Zv wb‡q DwÌZ nIqv Qvov cwieZ©b m~wPZ
n‡e bv| Avj−vn e‡jb .
ً ِ َ ‫ﺧﻼﻓﻚ ِ ﱠإﻻ‬
‫ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‬ َ َ َ ِ ‫ﻳﻠﺒﺜﻮن‬ ً ِ َ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
َ ُ َ ْ َ ‫وإذا َﻻ‬ ِ َ ِ ِ َ ْ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺘﻔﺰوﻧﻚ ِﻣﻦ‬
ُ ِ ْ ‫اﻷرض ُﻟﻴ‬
َ ْ ‫ﺨﺮﺟﻮك‬
ِ
ْ َ َ َ ‫ﻛﺎدوا َ َ ْ َ ﱡ‬ َِْ
ُ َ ‫وإن‬
﴾٧٧﴿ ‫ﲢﻮﻳﻼ‬ َ ِ ‫ﲡﺪ ِ ُ ﱠ‬
ً ِ ْ َ ‫ﻟﺴﻨﺘﻨﺎ‬ ُ ِ َ ‫وﻻ‬ َ ِ ُ ُ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ َ ‫رﺳﻠﻨﺎ‬ ِ َ َ َ ‫أرﺳﻠﻨﺎ‬
ْ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻚ‬ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
ْ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ َ ‫﴾ ُ ﱠ‬٧٦﴿
ْ َ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬
(٧٧−٧٦ :‫اﻹﴎاء‬
Ô†Zvgv‡K †`k †_‡K DrLvZ Kivi Rb¨ P~ovš— †Póv Pvjvq hv‡Z
†Zvgv‡K †mLvb †_‡K ewn®‹vi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zv n‡j †Zvgvi c‡i ZvivI
†mLv‡b Aí KvjB †Kej wU‡K _vK‡e| Avgiv ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨ †Zvgvi c~‡e©
hv‡`i‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ, Zv‡`i †¶‡ÎI Giƒc wbqg wQj Ges Zzwg Avgvi
wbq‡gi †Kvb cwieZ©b cv‡e bv|Õ (ebx BmivBj . 76-77) A_ev †h
wbq‡gi K_v ivm~j D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb- †h mZ¨ Zuvi Dci bvwRj n‡q‡Q|
gymjgvbiv hZ¶Y `ye©jZv Avi jvÃbvi KviY Lu‡y R †ei bv Ki‡e, ZZ¶Y
cwieZ©b m~wPZ n‡e bv| †hgb Avj−vni ingZ †_‡K wbivk nIqv, weev`-
wemsev` Ges c„w_ex‡Z wech©q m„wó, PwiÎ Avi Avg‡ji g‡a¨ hv Øviv D¤§Z
kw³kvjx n‡Z cv‡i, Zv Øviv f~wlZ nIqv Ges Zvi wecixZ Kg© †_‡K weiZ
_vKv| G m‡ei g‡a¨ me wKQyi E‡aŸ© n‡”Q Avj−vni wbKU mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Kiv
144
Ges Kó`vqK wel‡q ˆah© aviY Kiv, Zv hZB eo †nvK bv †Kb|69 G me cwiwkó
wKQyi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡”Q m~² Ávb Avi cÖÁv| g~j eB‡qi mv‡_ AwZwi³ ms‡hvRb
[wLª÷vb RM‡Zi AvZ¼ Bmjvwg BwZnv‡mi AwMœ cyi“l I wek¦ RM‡Zi
wKse`wš— mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexi Rxebx †jLvi B”Qv GLv‡b bv _vK‡jI eBwU
wVK †cÖ‡m hvIqvi c~e© ¶‡Y cÖL¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K nvmvb kix‡di bv‡gi ÔMvwR
mvjvnDÏxb AvBqyexÕ †jLvwU Avgvi bR‡i Av‡m| GKwU RvZxq cwÎKvq
cÖKvwkZ †jLvwU kvwgj Ki‡Z †c‡i Avwg Lye cÖxZ| G exi †hv×vi Rxebx
Avgv‡`i hye mgvR‡K I me©¯‡— ii gvbyl¸‡jv‡K Av‡jvwoZ Ki‡e GUvB
Avgvi wek¦vm| wb‡gœ †jLvwU ûeû cÖKvwkZ n‡jv|]

Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m AmsL¨ mgi bvq‡Ki AvZ¥cÖKvk N‡U‡Q| w`‡K

w`‡K †ZŠwn‡`i SvÛv Dwo‡q Zviv Agi n‡q Av‡Qb| Z‡e †miv‡`i g‡a¨
hviv †kÖô‡Z¡i Avmb AjsK…Z K‡i Av‡Qb, Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg n‡jb MvwR
mvjvnDÏxb | ïay Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m bq, wek¦ BwZnv‡m Zvi bvgwU D¾¡j
b¶‡Îi g‡Zv R¡jR¡j Ki‡Q|
A_P mvjvnDÏxb †P‡qwQ‡jb GKRb ag©ZË¡we` n‡Z| Aek¨, Avj−vn
Kv‡K †Kvb `vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ g‡bvbxZ K‡ib, Zv †evSv gykwKj| †h hyeKwU
GKRb eo Av‡jg n‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb, cvwicvwk¦K © Zvq Ges hy‡Mi cÖ‡qvR‡b
wZwb n‡jb, we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg †miv †hv×v Ges MvwR| Bmjv‡gi cÖavb wZbwU
gmwR‡`i Ab¨Zg evqZzj gyKvÏvm Ges wZbwU cÖavb kn‡ii Ab¨Zg
†Ri“Rv‡jg wLª÷vb Rei `LjKvix‡`i wbKU †_‡K D×viKvix| Aek¨
ag©ZË¡ wb‡qB wZwb mvabv K‡i †M‡Qb| Rxe‡bi †kl w`b ch©š— wZwb
Bmjv‡gi wewfbœ welq wb‡q Aa¨qb K‡i †M‡Qb|
gymwjg we‡k¦ mvjvnDÏxb bv‡g cwiwPZ n‡jI cwðgviv Zv‡K mvjvw`b
wnmv‡eB Rv‡b| Zvi cy‡iv bvg Avj gvwiKzb bvwmi Aveyj gyRvd&di BDmyd
Be‡b AvBqye| 1138 L„óv‡ã (wnRix 532 mv‡j) Biv‡Ki wZKwi‡Z wZwb
Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| wcZv AvBqye I PvPv wkiKzn †mjRyK myjZvb‡`i Aax‡b
PvKwi Ki‡Zb| Zv‡`i Avw` evm¯’vb wQj Av‡g©wbqvi w`b A‡j| RvwZMZ
fv‡e Zviv wQ‡jb Kz`©x es‡kv`™¢yeZ| Z‡e wcZvi PvKwii myev‡` Zv‡K wewfbœ
¯’v‡b †h‡Z n‡q‡Q| evj¨Kv‡j wZwb ag©ZË¡ wb‡qB cov‡kvbv K‡iwQ‡jb|
GK hyM mwܶ‡Y R‡b¥ wQ‡jb mvjvnDÏxb| gymwjg wek¦ G‡Zv
UvjgvUvj Ae¯’vq Gi Av‡M KL‡bv c‡owb| gymwjg we‡k¦i mvg‡b wZbevi
gnv `y‡h©vM Kvj G‡mwQj| cÖ_gevi µz‡m‡Wi mgq| wØZxqevi g‡½vjxq
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Avj−vgv ikx` ‡ihv wgkix t Zvdmxi Avj gvbvi, LÛ- 9, c„ôv- 578|
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(ZvZvi) evwnbxi Avµg‡Yi mgq| Ges Z…ZxqwU eZ©gv‡b Pj‡Q cwðgv‡`i
AvMÖvm‡bi gva¨‡g| mvjvnDÏxb µz‡mWvi‡`i nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡iwQ‡jb
gymwjg wek¦‡K| ·qv`k kZ‡K g½j Awfhvb i“‡L w`‡qwQ‡jb| gvgjyK
myjZvb KzZzR Ges gnvb wmcvnmvjvi †eevim| Gev‡ii Z…Zxq `dv †_‡K
gymwjg wek¦‡K i¶v K‡ib, ZvB †`Lvi welq|
†Ri“Rv‡jg D×vi Kivi bv‡g BD‡ivwcqvb kw³ eM© µz‡mW ïi“i
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cÖ‡ivPbvq µz‡m‡Wi WvK w`‡qwQj| 1099 mv‡j cÖ_‡g µz‡m‡WB wLª÷vb
kw³ †Ri“Rv‡jg `Lj K‡i †bq| µz‡mWvi‡`i cieZ©x j¶¨ wQj µgvš^‡q
cy‡iv gymwjg wek¦ `Lj Kivi| ZLbKvi gymwjg wek¦ wQj bvbv fv‡M wef³|
evM`v‡` Lwjdv wmsnvm‡b Avmxb _vK‡jI wZwb wQ‡jb bvggvÎ|
†Ri“Rv‡jgmn Avkcv‡ki gymwjg GjvKv¸‡jv wQj bvbv fv‡M wef³|
eZ©gv‡bi g‡Zv RvZxqZvev`x †PZbv bv _vK‡jI gymwjg kvmKiv bvbv
†diKvq wef³ wQj| wgk‡ii dv‡Zgxiv †Zv AveŸvmxq‡`i Lwjdv wn‡m‡eB
¯^xKvi Ki‡Zv bv| †Ri“Rv‡jg gy³ Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv mevB ¯^xKvi
Ki‡Zv| wKš‘ mevB‡K GKwÎZ Kiv Ges GKwU mw¤§wjZ d«‡›Ui †bZ…Z¡
†`qvi g‡Zv KvD‡K cvIqv hvw”Qj bv| Ggwb GK †cÖ¶vc‡U mvjvnDÏx‡bi
Afy¨Ìvb N‡UwQj|
wgki AvµgYKvix µz‡mWvi‡`i cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ 1164 mv‡j PvPv
†ki‡Kvni Wv‡K mvov w`‡q mvjvnDÏxb wRnv‡` Rwo‡q c‡ob| ZLbB
bZzb GK mvjvnDÏxb AvZ¥cÖKvk N‡U hvq| evwK Rxe‡b wZwb µz‡mWvi‡`i
wei“‡× j‡o †M‡Qb| †ki‡Kvni AK¬vš— cwikÖ‡g wgki µz‡mWvi‡`i nvZ
†_‡K †invB cvq| †ki‡Kvn wgm‡i dv‡Zgx‡`i cÖavb DwR‡ii `vwqZ¡I
cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb| 1169 L„óv‡ã Zvi B‡š—Kv‡ji ci mvjvnDÏxb D³ c‡`
Zvi ¯’jvwfwl³ nb| Gevi wZwb †Ri“Rv‡jg gy³ Kivi ev¯—e wfwËK Kg©m~Px
ev¯—evq‡bi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡Z jvM‡jb| G Kv‡R wZwb Kg evavi m¤§yLxb
nbwb| µz‡mWviiv †Zv evav wn‡m‡eB wQj| wKš‘ ¯^-a‡g©i ¯^v_©v‡š^lx †jv‡Ki
msL¨vI Kg wQj bv| †Ri“Rv‡jg gy³ Ki‡Z wM‡q wZwb hZ¸‡jv hy×
K‡iwQ‡jb, Zvi g‡a¨ cÖvq A‡a©KB wQj gymwjg kvmK‡`i wei“‡×| GKwU
HK¨e× gymwjg evwnbx MV‡bi KvRwU wQj AZ¨š— KwVb|
147
1171 mv‡j dv‡Zgxq myjZvb Avj Avw`‡`i B‡š—Kv‡ji ci wZwb
wgk‡ii ¶gZv jvf K‡ib| 1174 mv‡j myjZvb b~iDÏxb Rw½ B‡š—Kvj
Ki‡j wZwb wmwiqv‡KI wb‡Ri mvjZvbv‡Zi AvIZvq wb‡q Av‡mb| wZwb
AveŸvmxq Lwjdvi ¯^xK…wZI jvf K‡ib| wZwb wgm‡i `xN©w`b ci Avevi mybxœ œ
gvRnve cybivq mi-Kvix-fv‡e Pvjy K‡ib| djkÖ“wZ‡Z †gvUvgywUfv‡e GKwU
mw¤§wjZ gymwjg d«›U ˆZwi Ki‡Z m¶g nb| wZwb wb‡Ri cwiPq w`‡Zb,
Ôgynqx `vIjvZ Avgxi“j gy‡gbxbÕ ev gywgb‡`i †bZvi mvgªv‡R¨i cybt cÖwZôv
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Gevi wZwb evqZzj gyKvÏvm †Ri“Rv‡jg gy³ Kivi w`‡K AMÖmi nb|
P~ovš— wRnv‡` bvgvi Av‡M µz‡mWvi‡`i kw³gËv †hgb we‡k−lY K‡iwQ‡jb,
†Zgwb `yej© Zvi w`‡KI bRi †i‡L‡Qb| m¤¢ve¨ me cwiw¯’wZB wZwb we‡k−lY
K‡i‡Qb| Ae‡k‡l 1187 mv‡j wZwb Zvi P~ovš— j‡¶i w`‡K avweZ nb|
wZwb Zvi wb‡Ri cQ‡›`i cvwbk~b¨ I eÜzi RvqMvq hy× Kivi Rb¨
†Ri“Rv‡j‡gi ivRv MvB‡K cÖ‡jvwfZ K‡ib| †mB duv‡` aiv †`b wZwb|
GKB mv‡j 4Vv RyjvB wnËx‡b µz‡mWvi‡`i wei“‡× jovB G bv‡gb|
µz‡mWv‡ii msL¨v wQj cÖvq 20 nvRvi| G‡`i g‡a¨ `yÕnvRvi bvBU Avi
evKxiv c`vwZK| Ab¨w`‡K mvjvnDÏx‡bi wQj cÖvq 18 nvRvi ˆmb¨|
mvjvnDÏxb cwiKwíZ e¨e¯’vi Kvi‡Y g~j hy× ïi“i Av‡MB ¶zav, wccvmvq
KvZi n‡q µz‡mWvi‡`i hy× Kivi kw³ gvivZ¥Kfv‡e K‡g hvq| 4Vv RyjvB
gymjgvbiv hLb Zv‡`i Dci Suvwc‡q c‡owQj, ZLb Zv‡`i‡K Avi †hv×v
e‡j g‡b nqwb| Zviv wbR©xe R‡ovL‡Û cwiYZ n‡qwQj| hy‡× ivRv MvB
e›`x nb| wLª÷vbiv Zv‡`i †Rvk evov‡bvi Rb¨ hy‡×i gq`v‡b g~j µzkwUI
wb‡q G‡mwQj| †mwUI gymjgvb‡`i nv‡Z G‡m c‡o| G hy×B wQj
†Ri“Rv‡j‡g wLª÷ kw³i cwimgvwß| Gici †Ri“Rv‡jg gymjgvb‡`i nv‡Z
hvIqvUv mg‡qi e¨vcvi n‡q `uvovq| Gici MvwR wn‡m‡e mvjvnDÏxb
1187 mv‡ji 2iv A‡±vei (583 wnRixi 27‡k iRe) †Ri“Rv‡j‡g cÖ‡ek
K‡ib| evqZzj AvKmvmn †Ri“Rv‡jg Avevi gymjgvb‡`i nv‡Z Av‡m|
Z‡e †Ri“Rv‡jg D×v‡ii †P‡q Zvi i¶v‡ZI mvjvnDÏxb K…wZZ¡ Kg
wQj bv| gymjgvb‡`i nv‡Z †Ri“Rv‡j‡gi KZ©Z … ¡ wd‡i hvIqvi msev‡`
BD‡iv‡c Avevi gvZg ïi“ nq| cy‡iv BD‡ivc HK¨e× n‡q Z…Zxq µz‡m‡Wi
bv‡g Suvwc‡q covi D‡`¨vM †bq| Bsj¨vÛ, d«vÝ, Rvg©vbxmn cÖvq me
BD‡ivwcqvb kw³ GB AvMÖvm‡b kwiK nq| G‡Z Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivRv wiPvW©
d«v‡Ýi wdwjc cvi¯úwiK me ˆewiZv fy‡j µz‡m‡W ¸i“Z¡cY~ © f~wgKv cvjb
148
K‡ib| 1189 mv‡j Zuviv GB µz‡mW ïi“ K‡ib| wLª÷ kw³ G‡Zv wekvj hy× R‡qi ciI wZwb wQ‡jb kvš— Ges mshZ| cÖwZ‡kva bq, b¨vq
evwnbx wb‡q Avi KL‡bv µz‡m‡W Av‡mwb| wKš‘ Zviv Aweivg msMÖvg K‡iI cÖwZôvB wQj Zvi j¶¨| gnr cÖvY GB myjZvb e›`x ivRv MvB‡KI gyw³
Avi †Ri“Rv‡jg `Lj Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| †k‡l Zviv gyL i¶vg~jK GKwU w`‡qwQ‡jb| GgbwK hy×ew›` bvBU‡`iI gyw³c‡Yi gva¨‡g †Q‡o w`‡q‡Qb|
Pzw³‡Z Av‡m| 1192 L„óv‡ãi †m‡Þ¤^‡i wZwb µz‡mWvi‡`i mv‡_ GKwU bvBU cwievi¸‡jv‡K Aev‡a †Ri“Rv‡j‡g åg‡Yi my‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb
mvgwiK Pzw³ ¯^v¶i K‡ib| G‡Z 3 eQi 8 gv‡mi Rb¨ GKwU hy× weiwZ KvD‡KB Ab¨vqfv‡e `wÊZ K‡ibwb| A_P gvÎ 90 eQi Av‡M †Ri“Rv‡jg
†NvwlZ nq| wZwb hw` †m mgq Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vb †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq mvnvh¨ `Lj Kivi ci wLª÷vbiv †h cvkweK AvPiY K‡iwQj, Zvi `vM ZLbI wQj|
†c‡Zb, Z‡e wLª÷ kw³‡K Av‡iv †kvPbxqfv‡e civwRZ Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| Zviv ZLb †Ri“Rv‡j‡gi mKj gymjgvb‡K nZ¨v K‡iwQj| gmwR`,
GB Pzw³ ¯^v¶‡ii K‡qK gvm ciB wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib gvÎ 55 eQi gv`ªvmv¸‡jv‡K aŸsm K‡iwQj| cvVvMvi¸‡jv‡Z Av¸b awi‡q w`‡qwQj| wKš‘
eq‡m| mvjvnDÏxb Gevi Zvi †Kvb cÖwZ‡kva †bbwb| GgbwK wLª÷vb‡`i cweÎ
Rxe‡bi me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡cY~ © mgq wZwb wRnv‡` wb‡qvwRZ _vK‡jI †QvU ¯’vb¸‡jv cÖv`ªx‡`i nv‡Z †Q‡o w`‡qwQ‡jb| Aek¨ evqZzj †gvKvÏvm, †Wvg
†ejvi cvVvf¨vm KL‡bv †fv‡jbwb| mviv RxebB wZwb cÖPiz cov‡kvbv Ae iKmn BmjvwgK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRbxq ms¯‹vi mvab K‡ib| Zvi 25
K‡i‡Qb| wZwb wQ‡jb Mfxi ag©Ávb m¤úbœ| nvw`m kv‡¯¿ wZwb wQ‡jb eQ‡ii kvmbvgj GK Abb¨ mvaviY BwZnvm| GK µvwš— j‡Mœ wZwb
we‡klÁ| eyw×e„wË Av‡jvPbvq wZwb Z…wß †c‡Zb| mgmvgwqK‡`i †kÖô exi gymjgvb‡`i †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q †M‡Qb| we‡k¦i mKj ¯’v‡bi gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨
nIqv m‡Ë¡I Zvi g‡a¨ †Kvb AnsKvi wQj bv| mnKg©x‡`i DÏxß Ki‡Z wZwb GK k¦v kZ Av`k© wn‡m‡e Agi n‡q Av‡Qb|
cvi‡Zb wZwb mn‡RB| wZwb wQ‡jb gvwR©Z, ms¯‹w… Zevb I f`ªR‡bvwPZ wmwiqv wQj MvwR mvjvnDÏx‡bi wcÖq RvqMv| Avi `v‡g¯‹ kni‡KI wZwb
e¨w³| †Kvb ai‡bi iƒpZv ev RuvKRgK cQ›` Ki‡Zb bv| me mg‡q Ávbx fv‡jvevm‡Zb| 1193 mv‡ji 4Vv gvP© (589 wnRix‡Z) Bwš—Kv‡ji ci Zv‡K
e¨w³‡`i Øviv cwi‡ewóZ _vK‡Zb| Z‡e cÖ‡qvR‡b wZwb K‡Vvi n‡Z cÖ_‡g `v‡g‡¯‹ `y‡M©i Af¨š—‡i `vdb Kiv nq| 1195 mv‡j Dgv-Bqv
cvi‡Zb| Zvi e`vb¨Zv, wek¦¯—Zvq kΓivI wQj cÖksmvq cÂgyL| Pig kΓ gmwR‡`i Dˇi Zv‡K ¯’vqx Ke‡i `vdb Kiv nq|
ivRv wiPvW©I GKvwaKevi mvjvnDÏx‡bi `iw` ü`‡qi cwiPq †c‡q gy»
n‡qwQ‡jb| mgKvjxb †cÖ¶vc‡U wZwb eû weij Áv‡bi AwaKvix wQ‡jb|
Kvq‡iv Ges †Ri“Rv‡jg cybtMV‡b wZwb Abe`¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb|
we‡kl K‡i gmwR`yj AvKmv‡K µz‡mWvi‡`i nvZ †_‡K gy³ Kivi ci wZwb
gmwR` wn‡m‡e cÖ¯Z ‘ K‡ib| `~i- `~ivš— †_‡K wZwb g~j¨evb mvgMÖx msMÖn
K‡i my›`ifv‡e gmwR`wU‡K mvwR‡q wQ‡jb|
wZwb KL‡bv wb‡Ri ¶gZvi Dci AwZwi³ fimv Ki‡Zb bv| kΓ
c‡¶i cÖKZ … kw³ Ges `yej © Zv wZwb Pzj †Piv we‡k−lY Ki‡Zb| wb‡Ri
Ae¯’vbI Zvi Kv‡Q wQj cwi®‹vi| gymwjg evwnbx‡K wZwb HK¨e× Kivi
cÖqvm wb‡qwQ‡jb| cÖ_g w`‡K wZwb mdjI n‡qwQ‡jb| Z‡e Z…Zxq
µz‡m‡Wi mgq A‡bK ¯’vb †_‡KB Kvw•¶Z mvnvh¨ cvbwb| cÖ_g w`‡K wZwb
mdj n‡qwQ‡jb| Zvi kw³ e„wׇZ evM`v‡`i Lwjdvmn A‡b‡KB wQ‡jb
Cl©vwš^Z| Z‡e Zv‡`i Ab¨vq AvPiY m‡Ë¡I n‡Zv`¨g nbwb wZwb| wb‡Ri
hZUzKz mvg_©¨ wQj, ZvB wb‡q cÖwZ‡iva M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb| mdjI n‡qwQ‡jb
wZwb|

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