Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursin Considerations

Name Of Action
Salicylate Aspirin Anticoagulants, For pain on Hypersensitivity to Prevent blood coagulation due to GI: dyspepsia, heartburn, Assess for pain: type,
Antiplatelets & integumentary salicylates, severe hypertension (narrow blood anorexia, nausea, location and pattern
Fibrinolytics structures, anemia, history of vessels may cause blood to epigastric discomfort,
(Thrombolytics) blood coagulation aggregate) Note for asthma
myalgia, potentiation of peptic
defects, vitamin K
neuralgia, deficiency, 1 week Exhibits antipyretic, anti- ulcer
headache, Allergic:Bronchospasm, Monitor renal,
before and after inflammatory and analgesic effects.
dysmenorrhea, asthma-like symptoms, LFTs and CBC
surgery, The antipyretic effect is due to an
gout. pregnancy in the action on the hypothalamus, anaphylaxis, skin rashes, Determine history of
last trimester resulting in heat loss by urticaria peptic ulcers or bleeding
Arthritis, SLE, . vasodilation of peripheral blood
tendencies.
vessels. Anti-inflammatory effects
acute rheumatic Hematologic: prolongation
are mediated by a decrease in
fever of bleeding time, Precautions:
prostaglandin synthesis. It also
thrombocytopenia, Do not use in children
decreases platelet
with chicken pox or flu
aggregation. leucopenia,
symptoms

Other: Thirst, fever, Lactation

dimness of vision Mild diabetes, erosive
gastritis, bleeding
tendencies, liver or
kidney disease.
Name of the Drug Dosage/Route Action/Classification Indication/ Contraindications Adverse Effects/ Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Generic Name: 0.5-1 mg/kg slow IVP over 1- Action: Indications: Adverse Effects: Monitor serum glucose, and
furosemide 2 min, may repeat once at 2 inhibits sodium and chloride Edema associated with CHF vertigo, headache, paresthesia, electrolyte
Brand Name: mg/kg slow IVP over 1-2 reabsorption at the proximal and orthostatic hypotension, D iet- K+ for all except
mins. distal tubules and the ascending Cirrhosis with ascites or renal thrombophlebitis, abdominal aldactone
Apo-Furosemide loop of Henlen dysfunction pain, Hypokalemia, anemia, I ntake and Output, daily
muscle spasm weight
Furoside Classification: For hypertension or in U ndesirable effects; Fluid
Loop Diuretics combination with other and electrolyte imbalance
Lasix antihypertensive medications. R eview HR, BP and
electrolytes
Lasix Speacial  ICP, nephritic syndrome, E lderly-Careful
hepatic cirrhosis T ake with or after meals and
Novosemide in AM
Contraindications: I ncrease risk of orthosthatic
Uritol Contraindicated to patients hypotension; move slowly
hypersensitive to drug or any C ancel alcohol
of its components and in those
with anuria.

Use cautiously in patient with

hepatic cirrhosis.

Patients with allergies to

sulfonamides may also be
allergic to furosemide.

In pregnant woman, use only if

benefits outweighs the risk to
the fetus.

In breast feeding woman, do

not use drug.
Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action
Omeprazole Antacids, Short-term Hypersensitivity to Gastric-acid pump inhibitor: CNS: headache, Assessment:
Antireflux treatment of omeprazole or its suppresses gastric acid secretion dizziness, asthenia, 1. History :
Agents & active duodenal components. by specific inhibition of the vertigo, insomnia, apathy, hypersensitivity to
Antiulcerants hydrogen-potassium omeprazole or any of
cancer anxiety,
Use cautiously with ATPase enzyme system at its components;
Antisecretory pregnancy, lactation the secretory surface of paresthesias, dream pregnancy, lactation
drug Short-term the gastric parietal abnormalities
treatment of
2. Physical: skin
active benign Dermatologic: rash, lesions; reflexes;
gastric ulcer inflammation, urticaria, urinary output;
pruritus, alopecia, dry skin abdominal
Eradication of examination;
Helicobacter GI: diarrhea, abdominal respiratory
Pylori pain, nausea, vomiting, auscultation
constipation, dry mouth,
Interventions:
First-line tongue atrophy 1. Administer before
therapy for meals.
treatment of Respiratory: URI
heartburn or symptoms, cough, 2. Administer
symptoms of epistaxis antacids with, if needed.

GERD 3. Have regular

medical follow-up
visits.

4. Report severe
headache, worsening
of symptoms, fever,
chills.
Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action
Captopril Angiotensin- Treatment of Contraindicated with Blocks ACE from converting CV:Tachy cardia, angina History: Allergy to
converting hypertension alone allergy to captopril, angiotensin I to pectoris, MI, captopril, history of
enzyme (ACE) or in history of angiotensin II, a powerful Raynaud's syndrome, angioedema, impaired
inhibitor combination with angiodema. vasoconstrictor, leading to renal function, CHF, salt
CHF, hypotension in salt-
Antihypertensive thiazide-type decreased blood pressure, or volume depletion,
diuretics Use cautiously with decreased aldosterone or volume-depleted pregnancy, lactation
impaired renal secretion, a small increase in patients
Treatment of CHF function; serum potassium levels, Physical: Skin color,
in patients CHF; salt or volume and sodium and fluid loss; lesions, turgor; T; P, BP,
Dermatologic: Rash,
unresponsive to depletion, lactation, increased prostaglandin peripheral perfusion;
conventional pregnancy. synthesis also may be involved in pruritus,pemphigoid -like mucous membranes,
therapy; used with the antihypertensive reaction, scalded mouth bowel sounds, liver
diuretics and action sensation, exfoliative evaluation; urinalysis, renal
digitalis dermatitis, and liver function tests,
photosensitivity, alopecia CBC and differential
Treatment of
diabetic
nephropathy GI: Gastric irritation, Administer 1 hr before or 2
aphthous ulcers, peptic hr after meals.
Treatment of left ulcers, dysgeusia,
ventricular cholestatic jaundice, Alert surgeon and mark
dysfunction after hepatocellular injury, patient's chart with
MI anorexia, constipation notice that captopril is
being taken; the
Unlabeled uses: angiotensin II formation
Management of GU:Proteinuri a, renal subsequent to
hypertensive insufficiency, renal compensatory renin release
crises; treatment of during surgery will be
failure, polyuria, oliguria,
rheumatoid blocked; hypotension may
arthritis; urinary frequency be reversed with volume
diagnosis of expansion.
anatomic renal Monitor patient closely for
Hematologic:
artery stenosis, fall in BP secondary
hypertension Neutropenia, to reduction in fluid
related to agranulocytosis, volume (excessive
scleroderma renal thrombocytopenia, perspiration and
crisis; diagnosis of hemolytic anemia, dehydration, vomiting,
primary pancytopenia diarrhea); excessive
aldosteronism, hypotension may occur.
idiopathic edema; •
Other:Cough, malaise, dry
Bartter's syndrome; Reduce dosage in patients
Raynaud's mouth, with impaired renal
syndrome lymphadenopathy function
Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action
Atorvastatin Lipitor Dyslipidaemic Reduction of elevated Active liver disease Selective, competitive inhibitor Monitor for creatine
Agents total & LDL or elevated serum of HMG-CoA reductase, the rate- phosphokinase &
cholesterol, transaminases >3 limiting enzyme that converts 3- transaminase elevations.
times the upper limit hydroxy-3methylglutaryl- Nausea, diarrhea, Avoid alcohol
apolipoprotein B &
of normal. coenzyme A to mevalonate, a dyspepsia & flatulence, consumption. Temporarily
triglycerides & Pregnancy & precursor of sterols, including discontinue therapy in
increase HDL myalgia. Hypoglycemia,
lactation. cholesterol. Cholesterol and patient w/ an acute,
cholesterol in patients triglycerides circulate in the hyperglycemia, anorexia. serious condition
w/ primary bloodstream as part of lipoprotein Thrombocytopenia, suggestive of a myopathy
hypercholesterolemia, complexes. With tendon rupture, wt gain, of renal failure secondary
mixed hyperlipidemia, ultracentrifugation, these hypoesthesia, amnesia, to rhabdomyolysis.
complexes separate into HDL dizziness, dysguesia,
heterozygous &
(high-density lipoprotein), IDL Stevens-Johnson
homozygous familial (intermediate-density
hypercholesterolemia. lipoprotein), LDL (low-density syndrome, toxic
Elevated serum lipoprotein), and VLDL (very- epidermal necrolysis,
triglyceride levels, low-density lipoprotein) erythema multiforme,
dysbetalipoproteinemi fractions. Triglycerides (TG) and bullous rashes, urticaria,
a who do not respond cholesterol in the liver are rhabdomyolysis, back &
incorporated into VLDL and chest pain, peripheral
to adequate diet.
released into the plasma for
Secondary prevention edema, malaise & fatigue.
delivery to peripheral tissues.
of the combined risk of LDL is formed from VLDL and Cholestasis, pain in
death, nonfatal MI, is catabolized primarily through extremity,
cardiac arrest & re- the high-affinity LDL receptor. musculoskeletal pain,
hospitalization for Clinical and pathologic studies muscle spasm, joint
angina pectoris in show that elevated plasma levels swelling, nightmares,
of total cholesterol (total-C), blurred vision, hepatitis,
patients w/ CV disease
LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), and
&/or dyslipidemia. muscle fatigue, neck pain,
apolipoprotein B (apo B) promote
human atherosclerosis and are pyrexia, nasopharyngitis,
risk factors for developing pharyngolarengeal pain,
cardiovascular disease, while epistaxis.
increased levels of HDL-C are
associated with a decreased
cardiovascular risk.
Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action
Trimetazidine Vastarel Anti-angina - acute anginal Lactation. Selective inhibition of an enzyme - Nausea and 1. Check for doctor’s order
attacks of fatty acid β-oxidation: the long- Vomiting, 2. Monitor blood pressure
- prevent situation chain 3-ketoacyl CoA thiolase (3- headache, and
KAT). pulse rate before and after
that may cause edema
This inhibition results in: giving
anginal attacks Reduction in fatty acid oxidation; the meds.
Stimulation of glucose oxidation. 3. Notify prescribing signs
of
The coupling of glycolysis with heart failure such as
glucose oxidation is improved and swelling of
ATP production is further hands and feet or SOB.
increased, while cell acidosis and 4. Advise patient of the
Ca2+ overload are limited. The side
increase in total glucose utilization effects of the drug.
has been evidenced by studies
using 18FDG positron emission
tomography (PET).

Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action
clopidogrel Plavix Anticoagulants, Treatment of Allergy to Inhibits platelet aggregation by CNS:Headache, Assess for symptoms of
Antiplatelets & patients at risk for clopidogrel, active blocking ADP receptors on dizziness,weakness, stroke, MI during treatment
Fibrinolytics ischemic events— pathological platelets, preventing clumping syncope, flushing
(Thrombolytics) bleeding such as of platelets Monitor liver function
history of MI, CV: Hypertension, edema
peptic ulcer or studies: AST, ALT,
ischemic stroke, intracranial Dermatologic:Ras h, bilirubin, creatinine if
peripheral artery hemorrhage, pruritus patient is on long-term
disease lactation. GI: Nausea, GI distress, therapy
constipation, diarrhea, GI
Treatment of bleed Monitor blood
patients with Other:Increased studies: CBC,Hgb, Hct,
acute coronary bleeding risk protime, cholesterol if the
syndrome patient is on long-term
therapy; thrombocytopenia
and neutropenia may
occur.
 Precautions: bleeding
disorders, recent surgery,
hepatic impairment,
pregnancy

Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action
Per 1.2 g vial Amoclav Bactericidal Lower resp tract History of penicillin Inhibits enzymes involved in Allergic reactions Pregnancy
Co-amoxiclav: infections, otitis hypersensitivity. formation of peptidoglycan layer - itching, rashes, fever History of hypersensitivity
Amoxicillin 1 media, sinusitis, of bacterial cell wall - angioneurotic oedema Renal impairment
g & clavulanic No effect on human cell walls Hepatic impairment - may
skin & soft tissue Superinfections - anaphylaxis (1 in 50,000
acid 200 mg Bactericidal; only works on cause cholestatic jaundice
infections, UTI, pre involving dividing bacteria to 100,000) up to 6 weeks after
& post-surgical Pseudomonas or Well absorbed enterally Cross-allergy with other cessation
procedures, bone & candida. Pregnancy Clavulanic acid inhibits bacterial penicillins May cause maculopapular
joint, O & G & lactation ß-lactamase Partial cross-allergy with rashes - almost always in
infections, dental cephalosporins (10%) presence of glandular fever
infections.
Hepatitis, cholestatic
jaundice
Erythema multiforme
(including Stevens-
Johnson)
Toxic epidermal
necrolysis; exfoliative
dermatitis

Diarrhea, vomiting
Rashes
Neutropenia
Anaemia

Generic Name Brand Classification Indication Contraindication Mechanism Adverse Reaction Nursing Considerations
Name Of Action