1 of 2 Examzone: Student book topic tests mark scheme

Unit 4 Topic 1 Further mechanics

1 Second law of motion:

Statement for magnitude (1)
Statement for direction (1)
Statement about momentum conservation:
Momentum is conserved in any collision (1)
Kinetic energy conservation:
Kinetic energy is conserved in elastic collisions (1)

(Total 4 marks)

2 (i) Air track or apparatus with identified friction compensation (1)

Possibility of collision (1) (allow ‘explosion’)
[If there is no possibility of a collision, then maximum of (1) for question]
(ii) Method for measuring masses (1)
Measure speed (1)
Identify which speeds are to be measured (1)
How speed is measured (1)
(iii) Evaluate momentum before collision and momentum after collision (1)
Explain how the law is illustrated (1)

(Total 8 marks)

3 Explanation:
Changing direction/with no force goes straight on (along tangent) (1)
Acceleration/velocity change/momentum change (1)
Identification of bodies:
A: Earth [NOT Earth’s gravitational field] (1)
B: scales [NOT Earth/ground] (1)
Calculation of angular speed:
Angular speed 5 correct angle 4 correct time [any correct units] (1)
5 4.4 3 1023 rad min21 / 0.26 rad h21/ 2p rad day21 etc (1)
Calculation of resultant force:
Force 5 mrv 2 (1)
5 55 kg 3 6400 3103 m 3 (7.3 3 1025 rad s21)2 (1)
5 1.9 N (1)
[No e.c.f here unless v in rad s21]
Calculation of value of force B:
Force B 5 539 N 2 1.9 N (1)
5 537 N (1)
[e.c.f. except where resultant force 5 0]
Scales read 537 N (same as B) [allow e.c.f.]
Newton’s 3rd law/force student exerts on scales (1)

(Total 12 marks)

152
 Examzone: Student book topic tests mark scheme 2 of 2

Unit 4 Topic 1 Further mechanics (cont.)

4 Momentum of driver:
Correct use of p 5 mv [OR with numbers] (1)
5 1500 N s OR 1500 kg m s21 (1)
Average resultant force:
Correct choice of: F 3 t 5 Δp (1)   OR  F 5 ma (1)
F 3 0.07 (s) 5 1500 (N s) (1) F 5 50 3 429; F 5 50 3 30/0.07 (1)
F 5 21 kN (1) F 5 21 kN (1)
[Ignore sign of answer]
Why resultant force is not the same as force exerted on driver by seatbelt:
Air bags /floor/friction/seat/steering wheel (1)
[Named force other than weight/reaction]

(Total 6 marks)

5 Maximum speed of Tyrannosaurus rex:

30 m 4 (5 3 0.62 s) (1)
5 9.7 m s21 (1)
Momentum before:
(7000 kg 3 9.7 m s21) [allow 10 m s21 as e.c.f.] (1)
5 68 000 (kg m s21) (1)
Combined speed after collision:
Momentum before 5 momentum after
(7000 kg 3 9.7 m s21) 1 0 5 (7000 kg 1 5000 kg) 3 v (1)
v 5 (7000 kg 3 9.7 m s21) 4 (12 000 kg) (1)
5 5.7 m s21 [allow 5.8 if e.c.f. of 10 m s21] (1)
Force exerted:
Force 5 change in momentum 4 time (1)
5 7000 kg 3 [9.7 m s21 2 5.7 m s21]4 0.30 s (1)
5 93 000 N [98 000 N if 10 m s21used] (1)

(Total 10 marks)

6 Momentum of neutron:
Use of p 5 mv (1)
p 5 5.03 3 10220 N s/kg m s21 (1)
Speed of nucleus:
Total mass attempted to be found (1)
Conservation of momentum used (1)
v 5 2.01 3 106 m s21 [e.c.f. from p above only] (1)
Whether collision was elastic:
Use of KE 5 _​ 12 ​mv 2 (1)
KE 5 7.45 3 10213 (J) / 5.06 3 10214 (J) (e.c.f.) (1)
A correct comment based on their two values of KE (1)

(Total 8 marks)

153