Network security
Abstract:
This write-up concentrates on basics of
network security. Network often attacked
by different types of ‘software hacking’.
How to guard from those attacks are being
presented in this article. Types of
application of network security also
included.
Introduction: A computer network is a
group of computers that shares information
across wireless or wired technology. The
network topology defines the way in
which computers, printers, and other
devices are connected, physically and
logically. A network topology which
describes the layout of the wire and
devices as well as the paths used by data
transmissions and some commonly use
network topologies (Bus, Star, Tree,
Linear, Ring, Mesh).
This paper introduces Cryptography
Techniques. Cryptography is “The science
of protecting data” & Network Security
“keeping information private and Secure
from unauthorized Users”. This paper
gives the Fundamental Requirements for
the Data Transmission, the security attacks
like Interruption, Interception and
Modification of the data Transmission.
The Cryptographic Process explaining
through a generalized function is discussed
through which encryption and decryption
is done by the various algorithms like RSA
algorithm, Hash Functions and many
cryptographic algorithms.
Common security attacks:
Security attack over the network are
exploiting software bugs, buffer
overflows, TCP hijacking(transmission
control protocol), packet sniffing.
These security threats repelled by
cryptography ,steganography ,attack
graphs, obfuscation, virus scanners,
firewalls, secure hardware.
Cryptography:The art or science
encompassing the principles and methods
of transforming an intelligible message
into unintelligibleone, and then
retransforming that message back to
original form. some Basic concepts are
Plaintext, cipher text, cipher, key, code.
• Cryptography provides information
security with improved
authentication methods, message
digests, digital signatures, and
encrypted network communications
Crystographic schemes:
Cryptography, then, not only protects data
from theft or alteration, but can also be
used for user authentication. There are, in
general, three types of cryptographic
schemes typically used to accomplish
these goals
Secret key cryptography (or symmetric)
: secret key cryptography schemes are
generally categorized as being either
stream ciphers or block ciphers
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 a different method of authentication by
using something that is far more unique
than a password? Ourselves. 
A biometric is a physical trait? facial
structure, eye colour, voice, iris pattern,
b) Public-key cryptography (or
and fingerprint. 
asymmetric) : PKC depends upon the
existence of so-called one-way functions,  Fingerprint scanning essentially
that are easy to computer whereas their provides an identification of a
inverse function is difficult to compute person based on the acquisition
& recognition of those unique
& fingerprint
 this system comprise of a
sensor for scanning a
fingerprint and processor which
stores fingerprint
c) Hash functions: Hash functions, also database&softwarewhich is
called message digests and one-way matches to the predefined
encryption, are algorithms that, in some database.
sense, use no key. Some of the other  Within database a fingerprint
usually matches to a reference
concepts such as Pretty Good privacy,
number & pin number which
password protection,link encryption ,end matches person name &
to end encryption are also used in account
network security.  In instances of security
matches is generally used to
Application of security: allow or disallow access, but
today this can also be used for
a) Network Security for Web something as simple as a time
Conferencing: During a Web conference, clock or payroll access
data is temporarily stored on a shared
Internet server. The primary risk of Web Bibliography:
conferencing is the possibility that this
1. “Network Security” Kaufman,
data will leak beyond the realm of the
Charlie et.al.,, Pearson
conference and become accessible to Inc.NewDelhi 2002.,
hostile parties. Webliogrphy:
That's why measures such as Secure 1. http://www.snort.org/
Socket Layer (SSL) encryption, non-
persistent data flow and intrusion control 2. http://www.nmap.org/
are essential to protecting data transmitted
3. http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/newt
during a Web conference. Using this three-
cp/
pronged approach dramatically minimizes
the likelihood of an information leak. 4. http://online.securityfocus.com/in
focus/1527
b) Implementation of biometrics
based security: Biometric security offers

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presentation by

K.Sivaganesh 2nd year IT

Gowrishankar 2nd year IT

Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology.