Important Definitions and Formulae in Derivatives

I. Derivatives:
1.Derivative :- Let y = f(x) be a function. If h is any change in x, then the
corresponding change in y is f(x+h) – f(x).If
Lt f(x + h) - f(x)
h →0 h
exists, then f(x) is said to be differentiable at x. The limit is called the
derivative of f(x) and it is denoted by f ′(x) or y ′ or y1 .
d du
2. If k is any constant and u is a function of x, then dx
{ku } = k
dx
.
3. If u and v are two functions of x, then
d du dv d dv du v du − u dv
i) {u ± v} = ± ii) {uv } = u +v iii) d { u } = dx dx
dx dx dx dx dx dx
dx v v2

4. ddx (c) = 0. where c is a constant. 5. ddx (xn) = n x n-1

1
6. ddx (logx) = x d
7. dx (ex) = ex
1
8. ddx ( ax) = ax log a 9. ddx ( x )= 2 x
x
10. ddx x
= x 11. ddx (sin x) = cos x
d d
12. dx (cos x) = - sin x 13. dx (tan x) = sec2x
d
14. dx (cot x) = - cosec2x 15. ddx ( sec x) = sec x tan x
d
17. ddx (sin-1x) =
1
16. dx (cosec x) = - cosec x cot x 2
1−x

d 1
18. dx ( cos-1x) = - 2 19. ddx (tan-1x) = 1
1+ x 2
1−x
d d 1
20. dx (cot-1x) = - 1 +1x 2 21. dx (sec-1x) = x 1 − x2

d 1
22. dx (cosec-1x) = - x x 2 −1