UJI EFEK HIPOGLIKEMIK EKSTRAK ETANOL

DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper cf. fragile Benth.)

TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN

ABSTRAK

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar gula
darah (hiperglikemia). Penyakit diabetes melitus memerlukan pengobatan jangka panjang
dan biaya yang mahal, sehingga diperlukan pencarian obat diabetes yang relatif murah
dan terjangkau oleh masyarakat.
Telah dilakukan pengujian efek hipoglikemik ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah (Piper cf.
fragile Benth.) terhadap tikus putih jantan dengan metode uji toleransi glukosa. Data
yang diperoleh dianalisis secara analisis variansi kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metode
Duncan.
Hasil karakteristik simplisia daun sirih merah diperoleh kadar air 8,66%, kadar sari larut
air 18,39%, kadar sari larut etanol 11,62%, kadar abu total 9,56% dan kadar abu tidak
larut asam 1,20%. Hasil skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia menunjukkan adanya
senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tanin, glikosida dan steroid/triterpenoid. Ekstraksi
dilakukan secara perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%.
Pengujian kadar gula darah terhadap tikus putih jantan yang dilakukan terdiri dari 6
kelompok perlakuan yaitu hanya diberikan glukosa 50% dosis 5 g/kg BB, suspensi CMC
0,5% dosis 1% BB, suspensi glibenklamid dosis 1 mg/kg BB, 3 kelompok obat (ekstrak)
dosis 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kg BB. Pengujian dilakukan selama 3 jam selang waktu 30
menit.
Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dosis 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kg BB memberikan
efek penurunan kadar gula darah. Hasil uji statistik (α = 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa
ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dosis 100 mg/kg BB tidak memberikan perbedaan yang
nyata dengan glibenklamid dosis 1 mg/kg BB dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah.

Kata kunci: sirih merah, hipoglikemik, uji toleransi glukosa, ekstrak etanol.
 THE HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT ETHANOL EXTRACT
THE LEAVES RED BETEL VINE (Piper cf. fragile Benth.)
IN MALE WHITE RATS

ABSTRACT

Diabetes melitus is the disease which is marked by increasing the blood glucose level
(hyperglycemia). Diabetes mellitus requiring long term treatment and expensive cost,
therefore it is required to search diabetic drugs that are relatively cheap and affordable by
the community.
It has been conducted the hypoglycemic effect of ethanol extract from the leaves of red
betel vine (Piper cf. fragile Benth.) in male white rats by using a glucose tolerance test.
The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and then continued by the method of
Duncan.
Result of characteristic from the leaves of red betel vine simplex got water level 8.66%,
extract level that dissolved in water 18.39%, extract level that dissolved in ethanol
11.62%, ash level total 9.56% and ash level that is not dissolved in acid 1.20%. The result
of phytochemical screening of simplex powder showed there is the presence of
flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides and steroids/triterpenoids. Extraction
was done by percolation using ethanol 96%.
Effect of blood glucose level in male white rats that is done consist of 6 groups of
treatment which is only given of glucose 50% at dose of 5 g/kg BW, suspension CMC
0.5% at dose of 1% BW, glibenclamide suspension at dose of 1 mg/kg BW, 3 groups of
medicine (extract) at dose of 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kg BW. The test was done for 3 hours
at gap 30 minutes.
The giveness ethanol extract from the leaves of red betel vine at dose of 50, 100 dan 200
mg/kg BW give the effect of the decreasing the blood glucose level. The statistical result
(α = 0.05) showed that ethanol extract from the leaves of red betel vine at dose of 100
mg/kg BW was not give the significant difference with glibenclamide at dose of 1 mg/kg
BW in decreasing the blood glucose level.

Keyword: red betel vine, hypoglycemic, glucose tolerance test, ethanol extract.