®ûPLs

T«t£ 1.1
− 15
 − 4 1  15 6
 − 3 1

7
(1) (i)   (ii)  0 −3 0  (iii) − 1 −1 
5
 − 2 3
− 10 0 5  5 1 − 13
−1
− 5 − 2 1 0

(2)   (3) − 2 3 −4 
− 3 1 
− 2 3 − 3


0 3 3
 − 4 11 −5
  3 2 6
3 − 7 − 1 25  (iii)1 1 2
1 1
(4) (i) 9 2 (ii) 35 −6
 
3 −1 − 1 6 1 − 10  2 2 5

1 −1 −2 −1 −1
2  4  1 0

(iv) 0 1  − 1 − 1 − 2 
1
2 (v) 5 3 (6) 3 −4
5 2 − 3 − 1 −2 4  − 2 3 − 3
T«t£ 1.2
(1) x = 3, y = − 1 (2) x = − 1, y = 2 (3) x = 1, y = 3, z = 5
(4) x = 4, y = 1, z = 0 (5) x = 1, y = 1, z = 1
T«t£ 1.3
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3 (5) 2 (6) 2
T«t£ 1.4

(3) 4 (9 − 5k), k ; k∈ R
1
(1) (1, 1) (2) ¾oÜ CpûX
 
(4) (1, 1, 2) (5) (4 − k, 3k − 4, k) ; k ∈ R (6) (1, 2, 3)

(7) 3 (5k − 12), 3 (15 − 4k), k ; k ∈ R (8) 2 (2 + s − t) , s, t ; s, t ∈ R

1 1 1
   
(9) (1, 2, 1) (10) (50 + 2k, 50 − 3k, k) ; k = 0, 1, 2, … 16

302
 T«t£ 1.5
(1) (i) JÚeLûUÜ EûPVÕ : x = 4, y = − 1, z = 2
(ii) JÚeLûUÜ EûPVÕ : x = 2k − 1, y = 3 − 2 k, z = k
Gi¦dûLVt\ ¾oÜLs
(iii) JÚeLûUÜ At\Õ
(iv) JÚeLûUÜ At\Õ
(v) JÚeLûUÜ EûPVÕ : x = 1 − k1 + k2, y = k1, z = k2,
Gi¦dûLVt\ ¾oÜLs
(2) λ ≠ 0 G²p. ùRôÏl× JúW JÚ ¾oûYl ùTtßs[Õ
λ = 0 G²p. ùRôÏl× Gi¦dûLVt\ ¾oÜLû[l ùTtßs[Õ
(3) k ≠ 1, k ≠ − 2 G²p CjùRôÏl©tÏ JúW JÚ ¾oÜ EiÓ,
k = 1 G²p CjùRôÏl× Gi¦dûLVt\ ¾oÜLû[l ùTßm,
k = −2 G²p CjùRôÏl× JÚeLûUÜ At\Õ úUÛm ¾oÜ At\Õ,
T«t£ 2.1
3 2
(1) 4 (2) − 15 (3) 2 (4) (i) m = − 15 (ii) m = 3
π 2π π
(5) 3 , 3 , 4 (10) 22 (11) − 25
 
− 10 9
(14) (i) 0 (ii) (iii)
30 21
T«t£ 2.2
50 124
(5) 7 (6) 3 (7) 17 (8) 7
T«t£ 2.3
→ → →
(1) 6 (2) 3 7 (3) ±
(− i − j + 3k)
(4) ±
(
10 i − 10 j + 5 k ) (5) π (6) π
11 3 4 6
T«t£ 2.4
49 1
(1) 6 59 (2) 2 (3) 6 5 (4) 2 165

→ → → −1
(10) 7 10 , 
3
(8) − 24 i + 13 j + 4 k , 0 
 10 10

303
 T«t£ 2.5
(2) − 3 (11) − 4
T«t£ 2.6
2 3 −6
(1) 7, 7, 7  (2) (i) CVXôÕ (ii) CVÛm
 
5  → → → →
(3)  ,
1 1 1
(4) §,ùLô,  ( )
3 4
, , , , r =7 3 i + 4 j + 5 k
 3 3 3  5 2 5 2 5 2 
−4
(5) ± −
1 3 
, , 
 26 26 26
→ →
( → → → →
) ( →
(6) r = 3 i − 4 j − 2 k + t 9 i + 6 j + 2 k ) ; x −9 3 = y +6 4 = z +2 2
→ →
(→ → → →
) (
(7) r = i − 2 j + k + t − i + 2 k ) ; x−−11 = y +0 2 = z −2 1
(9) cos−1 
1 
(8) cos−1 21
20
   21
T«t£ 2.7
5 285
(1) (i) 2 (ii) 14 (3) (1, − 1, 0) (4) 3 30 (6) − 2

T«t£ 2.8
→ → → →
(1)
(
r . 2 i +7 j +8k )
= 18 ; 2x + 7y + 8z = 54 13
117
→ → →
(2 i − j + 2 k )
(2) ± 3 (3) 2 AXÏLs
(4) 8x − 4y + 3z = 89 (5) 4x + 2y − 3z = 3

(6) [(x − 2) →i + (y + 1) →j + (z − 4) →k ] . (4→i − 12→j − 3→k ) = 0

4x − 12y − 3z − 8 = 0
→ → → → → → → → → →
(7) ( ) (
r = 2 i +2 j + k +s 2 i +3 j +3k +t 3 i +2 j + k ) ( )
3x − 7y + 5z + 3 = 0

304
 → → → → → → → → → →
(8) ( ) (
r = i +3 j +2k +s 2 i − j +3k +t i +2 j +2k ) ( )
8x + y − 5z − 1 = 0
→ → → →
(
(9) r = − i + 3 j + 2 k ) + s (→i + 2→j + 2→k ) + t (3→i + →j + 2→k )
Utßm 2x + 4y − 5z = 0
→ → → → → → → → → →
( ) ( ) (
(10) r = i − 2 j + 3 k + s − 2 i + 4 j − 4 k + t 2 i + 3 j + 4 k )
Utßm 2x − z + 1 = 0
→ → → → → → → → → →
( ) ( ) (
(11) r = i + 2 j + 3 k + s i + j − 2 k + t 3 i − 2 j + 4 k )
2y + z − 7 = 0
→ → → → → → → → → →
( ) ( ) (
(12) r = − i + j − k + s 3 i + j + 2 k + t 2 i + 3 j − 2 k )
Utßm 8x − 10y − 7z + 11 = 0
→ → → → → → → → → →
( ) (
(13) r = 3 i + 4 j + 2 k + s − i + 6 j − 3 k + t 4 i − 4 j − k ) ( )
Utßm 6x + 13y − 28z − 14 = 0
(15) (i) 2x − 5y − z + 15 = 0 (ii) 2y − z − 1 = 0
T«t£ 2.9
(1) 11x − 10y − 13z + 70 = 0
(2) CpûX, JÚ R[m AûUVôd úLôÓL[ôL CÚlTRôp
7 3
(3) (2, 0, 0) (4) (6, − 1, − 5) (5) (6)
30 2 11
T«t£ 2.10
π −5
(ii) cos−1  (iii) cos−1 
9 
(1) (i) 3 
 58  231
π
(4) sin−1 
3 3 
(3) 5 (5) 3
 91
2
T«t£ 2.11
→ → →
( → 
)
(1)  r − 2 i − j + 3 k  = 4 Utßm x2 + y2 + z2 − 4x + 2y − 6z − 2 = 0

305
 → ( → → →  →
) → → → 
( )
(2)  r − 2 i + 6 j − 7 k  .  r − − 2 i + 4 j − 3 k  = 0 Utßm
x2 + y2 + z2 − 10y + 10z + 41 = 0
ûUVm (0, 5, − 5) Utßm BWm 3 AXÏLs.
→ → → → 
( )
(3)  r − i − j + k  = 5 ; x2 + y2 + z2 − 2x + 2y − 2z − 22 = 0
(4) B (4, − 2, 1)
(5) (i) ûUVm (2, − 1, 4) ; r = 5 AXÏLs

(ii) ûUVm − 2, 2, − 2, r = 2 AXÏLs

3 1
 
(iii) ûUVm (− 2, 4, − 1), r = 26 AXÏLs
(iv) ûUVm (2, 1, − 3), r = 5 AXÏLs
T«t£ 3.1
(1) (i) 1 + 3i (ii) − i (iii) − 10 + 10i (iv) 1
(2) ùU,T, L,T,
1 −1
(i) 2 2
−7 26
(ii) 25 25
(iii) 8 −1
(3) n = 4
(4) (i) x = 2, y = − 1 (ii) x = 3, y = − 1
−8 4
(iii) x = − 7, y = − 3 Utßm x = 3 , y = 3
(5) x = ± 1, y = − 4 Utßm x = ± 2i, y = 1
T«t£ 3.2
(2) 1 − 3i Utßm − 1 +3 i

(3)  + i
1 1  1 1
; − −i
 2 2  2 2
π π
(iii) 2 cis − 4  (iv) 2 cis − 4
2π 3π
(6) (i) 4 cis 3 (ii) 2 cis 3
   
(8) (i) x + 2y = 2 (ii) y = 0 (iii) x + y + 1 = 0
2 2
(iv) 4x + 4y − 12x + 5 = 0 (v) x2 + y2 + 2x − 3 = 0

306
 T«t£ 3.3
2 −1
(1) 3 ± i , 1 ± i (2) 1 ± 2i, 1 ± i (3) 2 ± i, 3 , 2

T«t£ 3.4
(1) cis (− 107θ) (2) cis (3α + 4β)
T«t£ 3.5
π 5π 9π π 5π 9π
(1) (i) cis 6, cis 6 , cis 6 (ii) 2 cis 6, 2cis 6 , 2cis 6

− 5π π
(iii) 22/3 cis  9  , 22/3 cis 9, 22/3 cis  9 
7π
   
π 3π 5π 7π
(4) (i) 2 cis 4, 2 cis 4 , 2 cis 4 Utßm 2 cis 4
π 3π 7π 9π
(ii) cis 5, cis 5 , cis 5 , cis 5
π
(5) cis (2k − 1) 4 , k = 0, 1, 2, 3
T«t£ 4.1
(1) (i) 4x2 − 16x + 36y + 43 = 0 (ii) 9x2 − 12xy + 4y2 + 38x − 60y + 121 = 0
(iii) x2 = − 16y (iv) (y − 4)2 = − 12(x − 1)
(v) (x−1)2 = 12(y − 2) (vi) (y − 4)2 = − 12(x − 1)
(vii) (x − 3)2 = − 8(y + 2) (viii) (y + 1)2 = 8(x − 3)
(ix) (x − 2)2 = 16(y − 3)
2) CVdÏ
Gi AfÑ Øû] Ï®Vm ùNqYLXj§u ùNqYLXj§u
YûW«u
NUuTôÓ ¿[m
NUuTôÓ
(i) y=0 (0, 0) (− 2, 0) x−2=0 x+2=0 8
(ii) x=0 (0, 0) (0, 5) y +5=0 y−5=0 20
(iii) x−4=0 (4, − 2) (4, − 1) y+3=0 y+1=0 4
(iv) y−3=0 (1, 3) (− 1, 3) x−3=0 x+1=0 8
(v) x−3=0 (3, − 1) (3, 2) y+4=0 y−2=0 12
(3) ©W§T−lTô²u ûUVj§−ÚkÕ Ï®VjÕdÏs[ çWm 5.
ϮVm (5, 0)

307
(4) ®hPm = 40 2 ùN,Á, (5) 20 2 Á,
T«t£ 4.2
(1) (i) 16x2 + 25y2 − 96x + 50y − 231 = 0
(x − 1)2 (y + 1)2 x2 y2
(ii) 4 + 3 = 1 (iii) 25 + 16 = 1
(x − 3)2 (y + 4)2 x2 y2
(iv) 4 + 1 =1 (v) 9 + 5 = 1

(x − 2)2 (y − 5)2 (x − 3)2 (y + 1)2

(vi) 40 + 49 = 1 (vii) 25 + 16 = 1
x2 y2 x2 y2
(viii) 25 + 16 = 1 (ix) 16 + 4 = 1
x2 y2
(2) (4, − 6) (3) 81/4 + 45/4 = 1
(4) ùShPf£u Ït\f£u ùShPf£u Ït\f£u
Gi
NUuTôÓ NUuTôÓ ¿[m ¿[m
(i) y=0 x=0 10 6
(ii) y−2=0 x+1=0 6 2 5
(iii) x=0 y=0 2 5 4 5
3
(iv) x+1=0 y−2=0 8 6

(5) CVdÏYûW«u ùNqYLXj§u ùNqYLXj§u ¿[m

G
NUuTôÓLs NUuTôÓLs
i
(i) 169 x = ± 12 50
x = ± 12 13
(ii) 16 x=± 7 9
x=± 2
7
(iii)
x=4±
20 x=4±5 3 5
3
(iv) y = 10; y = − 8 y=4;y=−2 4 3

308
(6) Gi e ûUVm Ï®VeLs Øû]Ls
(i) 3 (0, 0) (± 3, 0) (± 5, 0)
5
(ii) 3 (4, 2) (4 ± 5 3, 2) (14, 2) ; (− 6, 2)
2
(iii) 5 (0, 0) (0, ± 5) (0, ± 3)
3
(iv) 7 (− 1, 2) (− 1, 2 ± 7) (− 1, 6), (− 1, − 2)
4
x2 y2
(7) 16 + 7 = 1 (8) 1200 ¡,Á

(9) (i) 28.584 ªp−Vu ûUp (ii) 43.416 ªp−Vu ûUp

4
(10) 5 319 A¥

T«t£ 4.3
y2 x2
(1) (i) x2 − 16xy − 11y2 + 20x + 50y − 35 = 0 (ii) 25 − 24 = 1

y2 x2 (x − 1)2 (y + 2)2
(iii) 36 − 288 = 1 (iv) 16 − 9 =1

(y − 5)2 (x − 2)2 y2 x2
(v) 75 − 25 = 1 (vi) 36 − 28 = 1

x2 (y − 5)2 (x − 1)2 (y − 4)2

(vii) 1 − 8 =1 (viii) 25/4 − 75/4 = 1

(x − 1)2 (y + 1)2
(ix) 9 − 16 = 1

(2) ÏßdLf£u ÕûQVf£ ÏßdLf£u ÕûQVf£

Gi
NUuTôÓ u NUuTôÓ ¿[m u ¿[m
(i) y=0 x=0 10 24
(ii) x=0 y=0 2 2 4 2
(iii) y−2=0 x+3=0 6 8

309
(3) CVdÏYûW«u ùNqYLXj§u ùNqYLXj§u
Gi
NUuTôÓ NUuTôÓ ¿[m
(i)
x=±
36 x = ± 4 13 32
13 3
(ii) 9 y = 4 ± 13 8
y=4± 3
13

(5) ûUVj
Gi ùRôûXj ûUVm Ï®Vm Øû]Ls
RLÜ
(i) 41
e= 4
(0, 0) (± 41, 0) (± 4, 0)

(ii) 34 (0, 0) (0, ± 34) (0, ± 3)

e= 3

(iii)
e= 2
5 (− 3, 2) (− 3 ± 5, 2) (− 1, 2), (− 5, 2)

(iv) e=2 (− 3, 1) (− 3, 5) (− 3, − 3) (− 3, 3) (− 3, − 1)

T«t£ 4.4
(1) (i) x + y + 3 = 0 ; x − y − 9 = 0 (ii) 2x + 3y + 3 = 0 ; 3x − 2y + 11 = 0
(iii) x − 2y + 2 = 0 ; 2x + y − 1 = 0 (iv) x = 3 ; y = 0
(v) 18x + 5y = 31 ; 5x − 18y − 28 = 0
(2) (i)2x − y + 1 = 0 ; 2x + 4y − 9 = 0 (ii) x + 2y − 8 = 0 ; 2x − y − 6 = 0
(iii) 4x + 5 3 y = 40 ; 10 3 x − 8y − 9 3 = 0
(iv) 4 3 x − 3y = 18 ; 3x + 4 3 y − 14 3 = 0
(3) (i) 3x − 2y + 2 = 0 (ii) x + 3y + 36 = 0
(iii) y = x ± 5 (iv) 10x − 3y ± 32 = 0

310
(4) (i) x + 2y + 4 = 0 ; x + y + 1 = 0

(ii) x − 2y + 5 = 0 ; 5x + 4y − 17 = 0
−4
(iii) 3x + y − 5 = 0 ; x − y + 1 = 0 (5) 5, 3  (6) (− 3, 1)
 
(7) (i) 4x − y − 12 = 0 (ii) x + 5y − 5 = 0 (iii) 10x − 9y − 12 = 0
T«t£ 4.5

(1) (i) 5 − 6 = 0 Utßm 5 + 6 = 0

x y x y
   
(ii) 4x − y + 1 = 0 Utßm 2x + 3y − 1 = 0

(2) (i) (2x + 3y − 8) (3x − 2y + 1) = 110

(ii) (x + 2y − 10) (x − 2y + 6) + 64 = 0
2π 3 5
(3) (i) 3 (ii) 2 tan−1 2 (iii) 2tan−1 2

T«t£ 4.6

(1) x + 2 y + 2 = 8
1 1 9
   
(2) (i) 4x + 3y − 24 = 0 ; 3x − 4y + 7 = 0 (ii) x + 8y = 0 ; 32x − 4y + 65 = 0

(3) (x + 2y − 5) (2x − y + 4) = 16

(4) (x − 1) (y − 3) = 16 ; x − 1 = 0, y − 3 = 0

(5) (3x − y − 5) (x + 3y − 5) − 7 = 0
(6) (i) x − h = 0 Utßm y − k = 0
3
(ii) x + 2 = 0 ; y + 2 = 0 (iii) 3x − 2y + 3 = 0

2x + 3y + 2 = 0

311
 ϱdúLôs ®]ôdLÞdLô] ®ûPLs

®,G, ®ûP ®,G, ®ûP ®,G, ®ûP ®,G, ®ûP ®,G, ®ûP

1 1 26 4 51 2 76 3 101 3
2 3 27 2 52 1 77 1 102 4
3 1 28 2 53 3 78 3 103 2
4 3 29 4 54 3 79 4 104 3
5 1 30 3 55 3 80 4 105 4
6 3 31 1 56 4 81 3 106 1
7 3 32 1 57 1 82 3 107 2
8 4 33 3 58 4 83 1 108 3
9 3 34 4 59 3 84 4 109 1
10 3 35 2 60 3 85 4 110 3
11 1 36 1 61 4 86 4 111 2
12 4 37 3 62 2 87 1 112 2
13 1 38 3 63 3 88 3 113 1
14 2 39 3 64 1 89 3 114 2
15 1 40 4 65 3 90 4 115 2
16 4 41 1 66 4 91 2 116 4
17 1 42 2 67 1 92 3 117 1
18 2 43 2 68 2 93 4 118 1
19 3 44 4 69 2 94 2 119 4
20 3 45 2 70 4 95 4 120 4
21 4 46 2 71 1 96 2 121 3
22 2 47 2 72 3 97 4
23 3 48 4 73 3 98 3
24 4 49 1 74 1 99 2
25 3 50 3 75 3 100 2

312