Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PRESENTED BY
SAMEER KUMAR SINGH (10M206)
TARESH KUMAR MITTAL (10M207)
NIKHIL KUSHWAHA (10M212)
Stability
The stability of an
interconnected
power system is its
ability to return to
normal or stable
operation after
having been
subjected to some
form of disturbance.
Machine Connected to Infinite Bus
∞
∞
P P
KE
Builds up Excess KE
Fault makes generator electric Power zero Needs to be removed
Pmax
Pe = (EV/X) sinδ
Pe = (VsVr/X)sinδ
P
180°
0°
δ
d2δ/dt2 =0 Pm = Pe
dδ /dt =0 ω = ωsyn
Pmax
P Pm=Pe
180°
0°
δ
Equal Area Criteria
Equal Area Criteria
First Swing Stability
3. Transient Stability
4. Prevent blackouts
Fundamental of improving FSS
Pe = (EV/X) sinδ
Pe = (VsVr/X)sinδ
Power systems are
normally designed
to be transiently
stable, with defined
pre-fault
contingency
scenarios and post-
fault system
degradation when
subjected to a major
disturbance .
Improvement of FSS using Shunt Devices
areas when the angle increases areas when the angle decreases.
System with a STATCOM
Equivalent circuit
P- δ curve.
Improvement of FSS using series Devices
K= Xc ,o<k<1
X
Improvement of FSS using Series compensator
P= V2sin(δ- )
X
Q= V2. {1-cos(δ - )}
X
Conclusion
When the fault is cleared (after roughly 0.1 s) the power
system has to be restored to sufficiently small angle
deviations between the generator rotors again. After the
first swing we require damping of the oscillations.
In the first phase, the electrical properties are very quickly
adjusting to the new situation.
In the second phase the unbalance between mechanical
input and electrical output of each generator are causing a
change of generator mechanical speed.
In the third phase protection and control are coming into
play.
References
[1] PAVELLA M., ERNST D., RUIZ-VEGA D.: ‘Transient stability of power
systems: a unified approach to assessment and control’ (Klumer Academic
Publishing, Boston, 2000)
[2] KUNDUR P., PASERBA J., AJJARAPU V., ET AL.: ‘Definition and
classification of power system stability’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2004, 19,
(2), pp. 1381–1401 2003, 142, (2), pp. 59–67
[3] HAQUE M.H.: ‘Improvement of first swing stability limit by utilising full
benefits of shunt FACTS devices’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2004, 19, (4), pp.
1894–1902
[4] CHANG J., CHOW J.H.: ‘Time-optimal control of power systems requiring
multiple switchings of series capacitors’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 1998, 13,
(2), pp. 367–373.
[5]Narain G. Hingorani , Understanding FACTS
THANK YOU