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Introduction
All praise is due to the Lord of the Worlds, and peace and
blessings be upon Allah's Messenger Muhammad and all those loyal to
him.
1
University President, Professor Usamah Bin Sadeq Tayyib, the University
Vice President for Business and Cognitive Creativity, Ahmad Bin Hamid
Naqadi, the Dean of the Research and Consulting Institute, 'Abdul-Malek
Bin Ali Al-Juneidi, and his Vice Deans, Professor 'Abdullah Bin Ahmad Al-
Ghamdi and Professor Haitham Bin Hasan Lingawi. Thanks also go to the
members of the KAU Scientific Chairs Research Committee.
of Qur'anic Studies
2
Replying to the Allegation
3
Highlights of the Allegation
In his "Mohammed, the Man and his Faith", French Orientalist Tor
Andrae was skeptic about merciful Prophet Muhammad's asceticism and
piety. This book is considered the contemporary French orientalists'
starting point in studying the Prophet's Biography.
4
exaggerated… so that if he could present 'Ayesha with a costly pearl
necklace he would not need to pawn his coat of mail…"2
5
The Reply
Second: His wives' chambers still exist inside the Prophet's Mosque
attesting to his ideal asceticism and Prophetic piety. In other words, he
(PBUH) conquered lands and he could have built palaces and edifices as
he willed. But he (PBUH) did not leave his chambers; each of which was
only a few square meters in length and width, which eradicates all
doubts about his greed for money!
6
fresh water for us." When the Ansari came and he saw Allah's
Messenger (PBUH) and his two Companions, he said: "Praise be to Allah,
no one has more honourable guests today than I (have)." He then went
out and brought them a bunch of ripe dates, dry dates and fresh dates,
and said: "Eat some of them." He then took hold of his long knife (for
slaughtering a goat or a sheep). Allah's Messenger (PBUH) said to him:
"Beware of killing a milk animal." He slaughtered a sheep for them and
after they had eaten of it and of the bunch and drank, and when they
had taken their fill and had been fully satisfied with the drink, Allah's
Messenger (PBUH) said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar: "By Him in Whose Hand
is my life, you will certainly be questioned about this bounty on the Day
of judgment. Hunger brought you out of your house, then you did not
return until this bounty came to you." 5
Fourth: As for Margoliouth's claiming that the reason for Muslims' taking
revenge on Jews in the Battle of Khaibar is a Jew's attempted murder of
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), this is untrue and a blatant lie distorting
7
uncontested historical facts which Margoliouth is undoubtedly aware of.
It is a historical fact 8 that the attempted murder of Prophet Muhammad
(PBUH) at the hand of a Jew from Khaibar, namely Abdullah Ibn Sahl,
came only after, not before, the conquest of Khaibar,9 which means
revenge was not the reason for attacking its Jews.10
The first is: the "costly pearl necklace" was but necklace of Jez' Azfar
(i.e., black beads) 11 from Yemen.12
The second is: He denied that the Prophet (PBUH) mortgaged his
armor, although this incident is cited in a reliable Saying as mentioned
earlier in the third point.
8
than having nothing; in an authentic Saying, Prophet Muhammad said,
"The upper hand is better than the lower one; the upper being the one
which bestows and the lower one which begs." 13
9
He again gave him one hundred camels, and then again gave him one
hundred camels."
Ibn Shihab narrated that Sa'id Ibn al-Musayyab said that Safwan
told him: "(By Allah) Allah's Messenger (PBUH) gave me what he gave
me (and my state of mind at that time was) yet he was the most
detested person amongst people in my eyes. But he continued giving to
me till he became the dearest of people to me." 15
Al-Hafez Ibn Hajar said, " 'Khumus and Its Like' implies the money
of taxes, tribute money and spoils of war obtained without fighting or
effort."
10
interests … Later on, the source of the money he used to give to those
whose hearts were endeared to Islam was controversial."
Malik and a group of scholars said, 'it was part of the Khumus.'
Ash-Shafe'i and a group of scholars said, 'it was a fifth of the Khumus'.17
Ash-Shafe'i , may Allah rest his soul, said, "The leader must make it
clear for them (non-Muslim subjects) that if they are in a Muslim land or
11
among Muslims, be them individuals or groups, he is obliged to protect
them from being captured or killed by the enemy, just as he does with
Muslims. If their houses are amid those of Muslims i.e., they have one of
the Muslims between them and the enemy, and there is no pact
stipulating protecting them, still he has to defend them because
defending them implies defending the Muslim land from that enemy.
Also if there is no access to a position where they are alone except
through part of their land, he has to defend them, even though he has
not already agreed with them on that."21
12
other than ordained obedience to a man conveying Allah's Message.
Dermenghem added that Prophet Muhammad thus was a link between
Allah, the Lord of the Worlds and all people. He went on saying that
Muhammad (PBUH) attained power, wealth and glory, but he was never
allured by all that as to him, a man's adopting Islam was far better than
the greatest booty and it really upset him that many could not realize
23
the core of his Mission.
3. English Writer Thomas Carlyle said, "Mahomet himself, after all that
can be said about him, was not a sensual
man. We shall err widely if we consider this man as a common
voluptuary, intent mainly on base enjoyments,--nay on enjoyments of
any kind. His household was of the frugalest; his common diet barley-
bread and water: sometimes for months there was not a fire once
lighted on his hearth. They record with just pride that he would mend
his own shoes, patch his own cloak. A poor, hard-toiling, ill-provided
man; careless of what vulgar men toil for." 24
13
5. Irving also said, "Was there anything brilliant in the outset of his
prophetic career to repay him for these sacrifices, and to lure him on?
On the contrary, it was begun in doubt and secrecy. For years it was not
attended by any material success. In proportion as he made known his
doctrines, and proclaimed his revelations, they subjected him to ridicule,
scorn, obloquy, and finally to an inveterate persecution; which ruined
the fortunes of himself and his friends; compelled some of his family and
followers to take refuge in a foreign land; obliged him to hide from sight
in his native city, and finally drove him forth a fugitive to seek an
uncertain home elsewhere. Why should he persist for years in a course
of imposture which was thus prostrating all his worldly fortunes, at a
time of life when it was too late to build them up anew?"
14
The best conclusion is the noble verse which shows who is
interested in collecting money and is content with it; Allah Almighty
says, "O mankind! There hath come unto you an exhortation from your
Lord, a balm for that which is in the breasts, a guidance and a mercy for
believers. Say: In the bounty of Allah and in His mercy: therein let them
rejoice. It is better than what they hoard." (The Qur'an, 10:57-58).
15
References
1. اإلحسان فً تقرٌب صحٌح ابن حبانby Prince 'Ala'ud-Deen Bin Bilban Al-
Faresi, edited by Shu'ayb Al-Arna'ut, Ar-Resalah Foundation,
Beirut, 1st edition, 1408 A.H.
2. اإلسالم والمستشرقونby an elite group of Muslim scholars, 'Alam Al-
Ma'refah Press, Jeddah, 1st edition, 1405 A.H.
3. االهتمام بالسٌرة النبوٌة, in French, Dr. Hasan Edrees 'Azzouzi. These
research papers were submitted to the KSA Seminar on Caring
about the Prophet's Sunna, held at King Fahd Qur'an Printing
Complex (15-17/3/1425 A.H.)
4. األمby Imam Ash-Shafe'i, 2nd edition, Dar Al-Ma'refah, Beirut,
1393 A.D.@
5. "The Incubation of Western Culture in the Middle East", George
Sarton, Arabized by 'Umar Farroukh, Al-Ma'arif Library, Beirut,
1952 A.D.
6. "The Life of Mahomet" by Washington Irving, translated by Ali
Hussein Al-Kharbutly, Dar Al-Ma'aref, Cairo, 2nd edition (1962
A.D.)
7. "Sahih Muslim" by Imam Muslim Ibn Al-Hajjaj Al-Qushairi An-
Nisaburi, reviewed by Dr. Muhammad Fu'ad Abdul-Baqui, Dar
Ehya' At-Turath Al-Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon.
8. عمدة القاريby learned Scholar Badr Al-'Ayni, Dar Ehya' At-Turath,
Beirut.
9. فتح الباري بشرح صحٌح البخاريby Ibn Hajar Al-'Asqalani, Dar Al-Fikr
edition, Beirut, a photocopy of the Egyptian Salafi Edition.
10. قالوا عن اإلسالمby Dr. 'Emadud-Deen Khaleel, the World Assembly
of Muslim Youth, Riyadh, 1st dition, 1412 A.H.
16
11. مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائدby Al-Haithami, Dar Al-Kutub Press, Beirut,
2nd edition, 1967 A.D.
12. المستدرك على الصحٌحٌنby Al-Hafez Al-Hakim, followed by a summary
by Al-Hafez Adh-Dhahabi, a photocopy of the Indian edition.
13. المسندby Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, edited by Shu'ayb Al-Arna'ut
and a group of scholars, supervised by professor Abdullah Ibn
'Abdul-Mohsen At-Turki, Ar-Resalah Foundation, Beirut, 1st
edition, 1421 A.H.
17
End Notes
1. اإلسالم والمستشرقونP.256.
2. االهتمام بالسٌرة النبوٌة. in French, PP 53-54.
3. باب الوصاٌا- كتاب الوصاٌا-صحٌح البخاري, Saying 2739.
4. باب من رهن درعه- كتاب الرهن- صحٌح البخاري, Saying 5/142, No. 2509.
5. كتاب األشربة – باب جواز استتباعه غٌره إلى دار من ٌثق برضاه- صحٌح مسلم
ذلك, Saying 2038.
6. المسند2/308, and Ibn Hebban's صحٌح, 8/16, Saying 3222, and Al-
Hakim's المستدرك, 2/534; he said, "It is authentic according to
Muslim and they did not transmit it. Adh-Dhahabi agreed with
him." Al-Haithami said, "Its narrators are ones of authentic
Sayings, and he attributed it to Ahmad." مجمع الزوائد3/121. Ahmad
Shakir said, "Its chain of narrators is authentic." المسندedited by
him, Saying 8060. Al-Arna'ut deemed its chain of narrators good.
)(حاشٌة اإلحسان.
7. سماحة اإلسالمP.146.
8. صحٌح البخاريSaying 6142-6143, and صحٌح مسلم3/1291-1295,
Saying 1669.
9. Ibid. it is explicitly mentioned that two Medinan Helpers of the
Prophet, Abdullah Ibn Sahl and Humaisah Ibn Mas'oud, went out
to Khaibar at the time of Allah's Messenger while its people were
governed by the items of the peace treaty and its people were
Jews…
10. االستشراق وموقفه من السٌرة النبوٌةPP. 44-48.
18
11. "لو ال إذ سمعتموه ظن المؤمنون صحٌح البخاري ،كتاب التفسٌر ،النور ،باب
Saying 4750.والمؤمنات بأنفسهم خٌرا" إلى قوله" :الكاذبون"
1/435.فتح الباري 12.
13.Transmitted by Al-Bukhari, كتاب الزكاة – باب الصدقة إال عن ظهر غنى
Saying 1427, and 2/717,صحٌح مسلم – الزكاة – باب أفضل صدقة الشحٌح
Saying 1033.
P.290.قالوا عن اإلسالم14.
كتاب الفضائل ،باب ما سئل رسول هللا -صلى هللا 4/1806, Saying 2313,الصحٌح15.
.علٌه وسلم -شٌئا قط وقال :ال
صحٌح البخاري ،كتاب فرض الخمس ،باب ما كان النبً -صلى هللا علٌه وسلمٌ -عطً 16.
المؤلفة قلوبهم وغٌرهم من الخمس ونحوه ()3146( :)259/6
فتح الباري (17. )252/6
(3/1111),صحٌح البخاري 18. ,كتاب الجهاد ،باب ٌقاتل عن أهل الذمة وال ٌسترقون
Saying 3052.
(6/267).فتح الباري 19.
(14/297).عمدة القاري20.
(4/207).األم ،فصل ما ٌعطٌهم اإلمام من المنع من العدو 21.
P. 317.اإلسالم والمستشرقون22.
23."The Life of Mahomet", P.360.
24."Europe and Islam", PP. 46-47.
25.Ibid, PP. 300-303.
"26."The Incubation of Western Culture in the Middle East
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Contents
3 The Reply 6
4 Foreign Scholars' 12
Testimonies
5 References 16
6 End Notes 18
20