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  • Pathophysiology - Hyperthyroidism

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    Caren Reyes
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    Hyperthyroidism is caused by hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, which increases production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. This excess thyroid hormone in the tissues leads to increased metabolic rate, cardiac activity, neuromuscular activity, and sympathetic nervous system activity, resulting in symptoms like rapid heartbeat, nervousness, heat intolerance, weight loss, and protrusion of the eyeballs.

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    Hyperthyroidism is caused by hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, which increases production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. This excess thyroid hormone in the tissues leads to increased metabolic rate, cardiac activity, neuromuscular activity, and sympathetic nervous system activity, resulting in symptoms like rapid heartbeat, nervousness, heat intolerance, weight loss, and protrusion of the eyeballs.

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    9K views2 pages

    Pathophysiology - Hyperthyroidism

    Uploaded by

    Caren Reyes
    Hyperthyroidism is caused by hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, which increases production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. This excess thyroid hormone in the tissues leads to increased metabolic rate, cardiac activity, neuromuscular activity, and sympathetic nervous system activity, resulting in symptoms like rapid heartbeat, nervousness, heat intolerance, weight loss, and protrusion of the eyeballs.

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    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HYPERTHYROIDISM

    Thyroid Gland

    Hypertrophy or Hyperplasia of the Thyroid Gland

    ↑ T3 and T4 production

    ↑ amount of thyroid hormone in tissue

    ↑metabolic rate ↑ vascularity & blood flow ↑ neuromuscular activity excessive heat production hyperactivity of sympathetic nervous system

    ↑ BMR ↑ cardiac activity nervousness or restlessness heat intolerance

    ↑ peristalsis ↓ blinking response

    Increased appetite tachycardia ↓attention span fine tremors of hands profuse perspiration

    Change in bowel habits ↑ WBC (lymphocytes) in eyes

    Palpitation difficulty in concentrating trembling hands flushed skin, hands may be soft,
    moist and warm frequent stool/
    diarrhea swelling & inflammation

    Cardiac Heart Failure mood changes shaky handwriting


    (irritable, argumentative, anxious)
    protrusion of eyeballs from eye sockets/orbits
    (exophthalmos)
    Characteristic stare (endocrine
    ophthalmopathy)

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