Abstract

This experiment is conducted to study on dynamics of first order and second order
systems. The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the properties of a first order
system for various values of the system gain and time constant and also to demonstrate the
dynamic properties of a second order system for various values of the system gain, natural
period and damping coefficient. The second objective is to illustrate the dynamic response of
a first order and second order system to different input signals. These experiments were
conducted by performing stimulation using MatLab software. The procedure of this
experiment is very easy to carry out with the usage of MatLab software. There were two main
parts in this experiment. The first part of the experiment is to study the first order system. To
start the first order system, M-file with the name of ‘Main Menu’ was clicked. From the main
menu, First Order System button is clicked. After that, two windows will display, the first is
the system window and the second is the input/output window. Firstly, the system gain Kp
(numerator coefficient) and the system time constant τP (denominator coefficient) is set by
clicking once the first order system block. After done, OK command is clicked. The system is
ready to run after the system gain is set. Finally, the command run is clicked and the obtained
graph is saved. The experiment is repeated with different system gain value. The second part
of the experiment using second order system is also done by using the same procedure by
using different system gain equation and value. Next the system identification problems were
carried out. From the Main menu, System Identification Problem 1 button is selected, and by
using a step input, the simulation to generate output data is performed. This can be used to
determine the system gain (Kp) and the system time constant (τP). These procedures are
important to enable us to analyze the data and compare it with the previous experiment. It’s
vital to use the Pointer button and to take several points along the response curve in our
analysis of the system output. In order to obtain the result of the experiment, calculation were
carried out and data obtained from part 1 and part of the experiment were used to make some
comparison and analysis.