PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF FRACTURE

Motor vehicle
accident

Bone crack

ABNORMAL
SWELLING
MOTION

ECCHYMOSIS DEFORMITY

PAIN LOSS OF FUNCTION

The most common risk factor of having fracture is by encountering motor vehicle accident.
Fractures are cracks in bones that are associated with pain, swelling, ecchymosis, deformity, loss of
function and abnormal motion. Pain exists due to the fact that the outside of the bone, or the periosteum,
hasn't completely healed, something that would not show up on an X-ray. The inside of a bone does not
contain nerve endings and therefore cannot feel pain, the outside of the bone does. And as a result of
pain there is also an abnormal motion. Swelling and ecchymosis also occur as a result of trauma and
bleeding into the tissue. Because of the applied force in the bones, deformity can be present after the
accident due to incomplete return of bones to their places. Deformity is also called the displacement and
rotation of the fragments. Another effect of being in fracture is the loss of function the patient is not as
what he is before the deformity; there are numbers of limitations in performing his activities of daily living,
the former job or work might not be productive, and his traditional lifestyle can now be changed.