10

B¿.-Fk - v.F
- kv
t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
Cu e°-Øn¬......
]pkvXIw 23, e°w 11
1186 Ipw`w
2011 s^{_p-hcn˛am¿®v 30
aLw ˛ ^m¬Kp\w
(1932) ⁄m\-]oT
]pc-kvImc
kan-Xn-bpsS aq¿Øn
{]km-[I≥ kΩm≥ Ahm¿
]n.-Fkv.- Im-in-hn-iz-\m-Y≥- Un-\¿l-\mb
]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXn alm-Ih - n-bpsS
sI.-hn. aZ-\≥ Hcp Hm¿Ω-°p-dn∏v
IpΩ\w cmP-ti-J-c≥

5
ImeSn aWn-I-WvT≥ `mcXØns‚ ]cassh`hw
I¿Ωa{¥am°nb cmjv{Sob
sI. kp\ojv kzbwtkhI kwLw
(]-{Xm-[n-]¿)
t^m¨: 0484 ˛ 4046322
˛ s{]m^. kn.sF. sFk°v

D]tZiIkan-Xn-
am-Sºv- Ip-™p-Ip-´≥
8 Kpcp-Pn-bpsS GI-Xz-Z¿i\w
˛ -am-[-h-Zmkv
]n.- \m-cm-bW°p-dp-∏v
Fkv. cta-i≥\m-b¿
sI.]n. iin-Ie 10 B¿.-Fk - v.F
- kv
t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
˛ tUm. sI. Pb-{]-kmZv

Ih¿ & teHu´v

cmtPjv NmtemSv 16 Atbm-≤y-bpsS ktμiw
˛ sP. \μ-Ip-am¿

22 tIcfØn¬ kwL-t{]-cnX
tkhm-{]-h¿Ø\w ˛ Hsc-Øn-t\m´w
Imcym-ebw ˛ Pn ]Xva\m-`-kzman
lnμp-hniz
lnμpkmwkvIm-cn-I-tI{μw
Ieq¿,- sIm-®n-˛682 017
30 Rm≥ F¥mhWw?
˛ A°nØw
tIcfw
34
tIm¨{K-kns‚ `c-WI - qS
t^m¨- : 0484˛2539322
`oI-cX -˛ apcfn ]md-∏pdw
^m-Iv-kv- : 0484˛2539322
hinduvishwa.malayalam@gmail.com

hniz-ln-μp-]-cn-jØv {]kn-≤o-I-cWw
 B¿-F-kv-Fkv
tZio-b-hn-Imcw
cmjv{Sob kzbwtkh-I cmjv{Sobkzbwtkh-I k
- wLw tIhew Hcp kwL-S\
- b
- √
- , AsXmcp
kwLw tIhew tZiob hnIm-c-am-Wv. ÿm]n-X-am-b-Xn-\p-tijw F´p-]-Xn-‰m-≠p-I-ƒ
Hcp kwL-S-\-b-√, am{Xta ]n∂n-´n´p-≈q-sh-¶nepw `mc-X-Øns‚ kmaq-ly-kmw-kvIm-cnI
AsXmcp tZiob hnIm- aWvUe - ß
- f - n¬ hy‡-amb Hcp km∂n-≤y-am-hm≥ kwL-Øn-\m-bn´p≠v.
c-am-Wv. ÿm]n-X-am-b-Xn- Bi-b-]-c-amb Xe-Øn¬ am{Xw HXp-ßp-∂-X√ kwLw F∂-Xn\v
\p-tijw F´p-]-Xn-‰m-≠p- \nZ¿i-\a - m-Wn-X.v Ne-\m-flI - a
- mb kz`m-ha- m-Wv AXns‚ IcpØpw Poh-
I-ƒ am{Xta ]n∂n-´n´p- \pw. e£-°-W-°n\v kzbw-tk-h-I-cpsS A¿∏n-X-a-\ pw ka¿∏-W-
≈q-sh-¶nepw `mc-X- hp-amWv AXns\ Ne-\m-fl-I-am-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-ep-]cn kwL-Øns‚
Øns‚ kmaq-ly-kmw- G‰hpw henb {]tXy-IX AXns‚ ASn-apSn \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ ssZho-
kvIm-cnI aWvU-e-ß- I-Xb- m-W.v `mc-XØ - ns‚ Bfl-`m-hsØ Dƒs°m-≠p-sIm-≠mWv kwL-
Øns‚ ASn-Ød ]Sp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv. tbmKn-Xp-ey-cmb hnin-jvS-hy-‡n-I-
fn¬
fpsS X]- n¬\n-∂pw DS-se-SpØ Hcp k¶-ev]-Øn\v Aßs\ Bbn-
hy‡-amb Hcp cn-°msX hø-. B Xe-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ kwLw Htc-kabw
km∂n-≤y-am-hm≥ kwL- B≤ym-fln-Ihpw cmP-ss\-Xn-I-hp-amb ]mc-º-cy-߃ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p.
Øn-\m-bn´p≠v. At∏mƒ kaq-lØ - ns‚ ka-{K-`m-hß- fpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-´nt√? icn-bm-
Wv, cmjv{So-bk - z-bw-tk-hI
- k
- wLw `mc-XØ - ns‚ ka-kvXX - e
- ß
- s
- fbpw
kv]¿in-®p-\n¬°p-∂p.
kwL-ÿm-]\w apX¬ Ct∂mfw AXn\v {]Xn-k-‘n-Ifpw i{Xp-
°-fpsS hnhn-[-X-c-Øn-ep≈ B{I-a-W-ßfpw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠v.
Hmtcm {]Xn-k-‘n-bnepw ]X-dmsX apt∂m-´p-t]m-Im≥ AXn-\m-bn-´pap-
≠v. Km‘n-h[w apX¬ Ct∏mƒ Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn {]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ "lnμp`oI-ch
- mZw' hsc At\Iw B{I-aW - ß
- ƒ
- kwL-
Øn\p t\cntS-∂p-h∂p. A]-hm-Z-{]-Nm-c-W-߃ C{X-tØmfw t\cn-tS-
≠n-h-∂ Hcp {]ÿm\w thsd-bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂pw tXm∂p-∂n-√. kwL-
{]-ÿm-\Ø - n\p t\sc-bp-≠m-bn-´p≈ KqVm-tem-N\
- I
- ƒ°p ]e-t∏mgpw
A¥¿tZ-iob am\-ß-fp≠mbncp-∂p. F¥p-sIm-≠mWv Ch-sc√mw
kwLsØ \in-∏n-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂Xv?
DØcw Ht∂-bp-≈q. AXns‚ C{Xbpw h¿jsØ {]h¿Ø-\w,
AXv ap≥\n¿Øp∂ e£y-߃, I¿Ωta-J-e-bn¬ DW¿Øn-hn-Sp∂
hnPbXcw-K-߃. Hcp-]-s£, `mc-XsØ Hcp temI-Kpcp ÿm\Øv
{]Xn-jvTn-°p-Is- b∂ hnth-Im-\μ - e
- £y-Øn\v ]q¿Øo-Ic - Ww kw`-hn-
°p-∂Xv kwL-{]-h¿Ø-\Ø - n-eqsSbmhmw. kwLw hn`m-h\w sNøp∂
BZ¿i-hpw -e-£yhpw GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn¬ h¿Ko-btam k¶p-Nn-
Xtam A√. kºq¿Æ k\m-X\ - k- w-kvIm-ca
- mb sslμ-hZ- ¿i-\ß
- f - psS
{]I-So-Ir-X-`mh-amWXv. "temIm kakvXm kpJnt\m `h¥p' F∂
Znhyat{¥m-®m-c-W-Øn-eqsS kv^pSw sNbvsX-SpØ Bflob sshin-
jvSy-amWv AXns‚ kam-Pt- _m-[w. AXn-\m¬ AsX-ßs\ GsX-¶nepw
Hcp hn`m-K-Øn-t\m aX-Ønt\m cmjv{S-Ønt\m FXn-cm-Ipw? Hcn-°-ep-
an-√. kwL-Z¿i-\-ßsf hnI-e-ambn a\- n-em-°p-Itbm As√¶n¬
Bkq-{Xn-Xa - mbn sX‰n-≤c
- n-∏n-°e- n\p hnt[-ba - m°p-Itbm sNøp-∂X- ns‚
^e-amWv CØcw hymP-B-tcm-]-W-߃. Ign™ hnhn-[- Im-e-b-f-hp-

4
tijw 42˛mw t]Pn¬
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 s{]m^. kn.sF. sFk°v

`mcXØns‚ ]cassh`hw
I¿Ωa{¥am°nb cmjv{Sob
kzbwtkhI kwLw
Km‘nPn h[w apX¬ Akoam\μ-hscbp≈ Btcm]Wßfm¬, lnμp-sFIyw F∂
kzbw tkhI kwL-Øns‚ alØmb e£yØn\p-ap≥]n¬ CS¿®°√pIƒ
krjvSn°phm-\p≈ BkpcnIi‡nIfpsS {ia߃ \nc¥cambn XpScptºmgpw
e£°W-°mbn hcp∂ kzbwtkhI hrμØns‚ Bflss[cyw Ah¿°paptº
t]mb-hcpsS \nkzm¿∞PohnXw H∂pXs∂-bmWv.

`mcXw Nnc]pcmX\amb Hcp Imeambn \nch[n _mly/ AYhm lnμpXzsØ

cmjv{SamWv. lnμpXzamWv Cu B`y¥c i‡nIƒ DuXns°SpØp∂Xn¬
cmjv{SØns‚ Pohc‡w [life- {ian®pt]mcp∂p. apkvfo߃, hym]rXcm-bncn°pIbmWv. Cu
blood]. CXv tIhew anjWdnam¿, am¿IvknÃpIƒ, bmYm¿∞yw a\ nem°nb ]e
`qanimkv{X]camb Hcp {_n´ojpIm¿ XpSßnb _mly/ a\ojnIfpw tZio-bXsb
JWvUw am{Xa√. Cu B`y¥ci‡nIƒ t{]m÷zen-∏n°p∂Xn\p-th≠n
cmjv{SsØ NXpcp]mbßfpsS (kmaw, ]e {]ÿm\ßfpw XpSßnbn-
inYneoIcn°p∂Xn\pth≠n Zm\w, t`Zw, ZWvVw) X{¥- ´p≠v. A°q´Øn¬, IenbpK-
Ign™ Hcp ]camb {]tbmKØneqsS Cu Øn¬ kwLS\-bmWv
kl{km_vZØne[nIw cmjv{S-Øns‚ ssNX\yw i‡nsb∂ k¶ev]sØ

ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 5

 I¿Ω]YØnseØn® kzbwtkhIkwLØns‚ ta¬
Ejnt{ijvT\mWv, sI´ntb¬∏n°phm≥th≠n
tUmIvS¿Pnsb∂ tIih 1947˛¬ `mcXsØ hn`Pn®
_endmw slUvtKhm¿. AtX i‡nIƒ Ct∏mƒ
HØpIqSp∂Xv Hcp]t£
Hcp `njKzcs‚ ssh`htØmsS
Ncn{XØns‚
`mcXamXmhnt\‰psIm≠ncp∂
Bh¿Ø\kz`mhw H∂p
£X߃ NnIn’n®p
sIm≠mbncn°mw. ]t£
t`Zam°phm\p≈
kzbwtkhI-kwLØn\v
tUmIvS¿PnbpsS BZysØ
CsXmcp ]pØ≥ A\p`hw
Im¬shbv∏mbncp∂p
A√.
tamlnXhmUmbn¬ \ap°p
ImWphm≥ Ign™∂Xv. Km‘nPn kwL{]h¿Ø-\ßsf
tamlnXhmUbn¬ ]nd∂phoW t\cn¬ I≠v hnebncpØnb
cmjv{Sob kzbw tkhI kwLw hy‡nbmbncp∂p. 1947
[RSS] \q‰m≠pIfneqsS sk]v‰w_dn¬ U¬lnbnse
lnμpkaqlØn¬ _wKn (Bhangi) tImf\nbn¬
Dcp≠pIqSnb Ass\IyØns‚ \SØnb kzbwtkhI kwL
thcpIfdp°pIsb∂ in_ncw Km‘nPn kμ¿in°pI
k¶o¿Æamb b⁄w kzbw am{Xa√ Hcp
kzoIcn®psIm≠p \SØnb KpWtZmjhnNmcIs‚ [critic]
apt∂‰sØ XSbm≥ A]hmZ `mhtØmSpIqSn in_ncsØ
{]NmcWßfpambn ho£n°pIbpw sNbvXp.
A∂papX¬t° {]Xntema AXn\ptijw At±lw ]d™p:
i‡nIfpw cwKsØØn- “Very much impressed with the
bncp∂p. discipline, the complete absence of
untouchability and the rigorous
Km‘nPnh[w apX¬
simplicity among the Swayam
Akoam\μ-hscbp≈
Sevaks”. [M.S. golwalkar, Bunch
Btcm]Wßfm¬, lnμp-
of Thoughts,1966, Third Edition
sFIyw F∂ kzbw tkhI Km‘nPn kwL 1996, Bangalore, p 359].
kwL-Øns‚ alØmb {]h¿Ø-\ßsf Npcp°Øn¬ Km‘nPnbpw
e£yØn\p-ap≥]n¬ t\cn¬ I≠v kwLhpw XΩn¬ ZrVamb
CS¿®°√pIƒ krjvSn°phm- hnebncpØnb Hcmfl_‘w D≠mbncp∂p.
\p≈ BkpcnIi‡nIfpsS
{ia߃ \nc¥cambn
hy‡nbmbncp∂p. AXpsIm≠pam{Xambncp∂p
1947 sk]v‰w_dn¬ k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬ kwLsØ
XpScptºmgpw e£°W-°mbn
U¬lnbnse _wKn tIm¨{K n¬ ebn∏n°Ww
hcp∂ kzbwtkhI
tImf\nbn¬ \SØnb F∂v KpcpPntbmSpv
hrμØns‚ Bflss[cyw
Bhiys∏Sm\nSbmbXv.
Ah¿°paptº t]mb-hcpsS kzbwtkhI kwL
\nkzm¿∞PohnXw H∂pXs∂- in_ncw Km‘nPn ]t£ Km‘nPnbpsS
bmWv. anÿ kμ¿in°pI am{Xa√ h[hpambn _‘s∏´v
Km‘nsb∂phnfn®hcpw, Hcp KpWtZmj- tZihncp≤i‡nIƒ
Km‘nPnsb km{amPyXzØns‚ HØptN¿∂v kwLsØ
hmem´nsb-s∂ms° hnfn®hcpw
hnNmcIs‚ `mhtØm- {]Xnÿm\Øv \n¿Øm≥
kwLsØ Km‘nlXybpsS SpIqSn in_ncsØ \SØnb KqVmtemN\Iƒ
t]cn¬ tXtPmh[w ho£n°pIbpw AXni‡ambncp∂p. s\lvdp
sNøms\mØpIqSp∂ sNbvXp. ]m¿esa‚n¬ “Zo]w
ImgvNbmWv Ign™ImeØv AXn\ptijw s]men™p” F∂v `wKy¥tcW
ImWm≥ Ign™Xv. Ign™ At±lw ]d™p: ]dbp∂Xn\pw F{Xtbm ap≥]p
c≠p ZiIßfneqsS Xs∂ KpcpPn Km‘nPnbpsS
CkvfmanIXo{hhmZw GXm≠v “Very much impressed acW hm¿Øbdn™bpS≥
60,000˛Øne[nIw with the discipline, the A¥-x{]tNm-ZnXambn [sponta-
`oIcm{IaW߃ complete absence of neously] Øs∂ ]d™p:
temIsaºmSpambn untouchability and the “cmPyØns‚ Zu¿`mKyamWnXv”-
\SØnbncn°p∂p. AXn¬ rigorous simplicity F∂v. cmjv{S]nXmhnt\mSp≈
knwl`mKhpw `mcXØnembn- among the Swayam BZc-kqNIambn kwLØns‚
cp∂p. C∂v kwtQmXm
Sevaks”. imJIƒ ]Xnaq∂p
FIvkv{] n¬ \S∂ ZnhktØ°p \n¿Øn-
kvt^mS\w hbv°phm≥ \n¿t±iw

6 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

\¬Im\pw KpcpPn kzbwtkhI¿ Zu¿_eyamWv F∂pw, lnμp
ad∂ncp∂n√. kzbwtkhI¿ X∂bmsW∂Xn\v kwkvIrXn Bflmhmbp≈
Km‘nPn°p FXnc`n{]mbw C√ F∂Xt√ \ΩpsS cmjv{Sw kzbwkn≤amb
{i≤mRvPenIf¿∏n°pIbpw kXyw. F¥nt\sd ]dbWw Hcp lnμpcmjv{SamWv
sNbvXp. ]t£ `mcXØns‚ kzbwtkhI kwLØns‚ F∂p≈Xpamb
tZiobXbmb sslμhobX°p hna¿iI-\mbncp∂ s\lvdp tUmIvS¿PnbpsS
i‡n]Icp∂ {]ÿm\-ßsf 1962˛se ssN\m Is≠Øembncp∂p
XI¿°m≥ bp≤Øn\ptijw1963˛¬ \S∂ kzbwtkhI kwLØns‚
I®sI´nbndßnbh¿ dn∏_vfn°v Zn\]tcUn¬ P∑Øn\nSbm°nbX.v
kwLsØ {]Xnÿm\Ø- ]s¶Sp°m≥ kzbwtkhIsc atXXcXzhpw
htcm[n°p-∂Xn¬ £Wn®psh∂Xv kwLØns‚
P\m[n]Xyhpsams°
hym]rXcmbncp∂p. At\zjW cmjv{S{]Xn_≤Xbv°p≈
IΩoj\pIfpw, \oXn\ymb km£n]{XamWv. lnμpkwkvImcØns‚
tImSXnbp-sams° kwLØns‚ Ahn`mPyLSIamWv.
`mjm ASnÿm\Ønep≈ AXpsIm≠mWv
\nc]cm[nXzw
kwÿm\-cq]oIcWw, ASnb¥cmhÿ t]mep≈
km[qIcn°pIbpw sNbvXp.
Imivaocn\p≈ {]tXyI ]Zhn, P\m[n]Xyhncp≤XcwK߃
kwLÿm]I\mb tUmIvS¿Pn- ae∏pdw Pn√m cq]oIcWw `mcXØn¬ A[nIw
bpsS hm°pIfn¬ ]d™m¬ XpSßnb AebSn°msX t]mbXv.
“Hmtcm kzbw tkhI\pw cmjv{SobaTbØc߃ Nq≠n kwLw bYm¿∞ lnμpXz
kwLImcysØ kz¥w t_m[ap≈
PohnXØns‚ {][m\ kwLS\bmbXpsIm≠mbncp∂p
Imcyambn IcpXpIbpw B
ASnb¥cmhÿsb∂
am¿§ØneqsS kwLSn®v lnμp
P\m[n]Xy lXys°Xnsc
kamPsØ temIsØmcp
i‡n°pw ZpjvSZrjvSntbmsS t]mcmSphm≥ km[n®Xv.
t\m°m≥ ss[cyap≠mImØ{X `mcXØnse as‰√m cmjv{Sob
i‡naØm°nØo¿°Ww”. kmaqlnI {]ÿm\ßfpw
CμncmKm‘nbpsS
tUmIvS¿PnbpsS hm°pIƒ ASnb¥cmhÿm
I¿Ω a{¥ambn {]Jym]\Øn\p apºn¬
kzoIcn®n´p≈hcmWv ]I®p\n∂Xv Iptdt]sc¶nepw
ChnSpsØ kzbwtkhI¿. C∂pw A\pkvacn°p∂p
cmjv{Sw {]Xnk‘nL´ßsf ≠mbncn°mw. `mcXsØ
t\cn´t∏msgms°
]cassh`hØn-seØn°p-
kzbwtkhI¿
∂Xn\v kzbw tkhI
tkh\k∂≤cmbn
ap∂WnbnseØnbncp∂p. kwLsØ-t]msemcp
{io\K¿ hnam\ØmhfØn¬ {]ÿm\Øn\p am{Xta Ignbp.
`mcXssk\nI¿°p AXpsIm≠pXs∂ `mcXsØ
Imivaocns‚ tamN\Øn\p- inYneam°m≥ C∂m´n¬
th≠n t]mcmSm\p≈ {]h¿Øn°p∂ sshtZiobcpw
kuIcy߃ sNbvXp- kztZiobcpamb hy‡nIƒ°pw
sImSpØXpw, hn`P\Øns‚ ImWn°phm≥ Xømdmb {]ÿm\߃°pw F∂pw
Xo®qfbn¬ ]nS™ Htcsbmcp {]ÿm\amWv, kwLw
P\e£ßƒ°v AØmWn- cmjv{Sob kzbwtkhI kwLw. sh√phnfnXs∂bmbncn°pw.
bmbXpw, tKmhbpsS kwLØns‚ ap∂dnbn-∏p- Ct∏mgpw \ΩpsS ]m¿esa‚ v
tamN\Øn\p `mcXsØ B{IaWtIkn¬
Iƒ°pap∂n¬ A∂p
Xømdm°nbXpw ssN\bpsS h[in£bv°q hn[n°s∏´
IÆS®h¿ sNbvX
IS∂pIb‰Ønepw, A^vk¬ Kpcp kpJambnXs∂
]mInÿm\pambp≈ c≠p aTbØ߃°pv C∂p adphne
sImSpØpsIm≠ncn°p∂Xns‚ Xnlm¿ Pbnen¬ Ignbp∂p!
bp≤ßfnepw ssk\yØn\v Abmsf hn´b°phm≥ th≠n
Bfl_ew \¬InbXpsams° _m°n]{XamWv C∂sØ
Imivao¿ {]iv\hpw hnet]im\nS\¬InsIm≠mWv
`mcX-amXmhns‚ ssh`hw \ΩpsS cmjv{Sob t\XrXzw
\ne\n¿Øp-∂Xn\p-th≠n sXep¶m\{]iv\hpw; H∏w C∂v
tIcfØn¬ hym]-I- Ip‰Icamb ss¢_yX
kzbwtkhI¿ sNbvX tkh\- ImWn°p∂Xv F∂Xpw
ßfn¬ NneXpam{XamWv. ambns°m≠ncn°p∂
CkvfmanI`oIchmZhpw. hnkvacn°cpXv.
Hmtcm {]IrXn Zpc¥ßƒ
ChnsSbp-≠mIp-tºmgpw BZyw `mc-Xo-b-hn-Nm-c-tI{μw
`mcXØns‚ ]cm[o\XbpsS
HmSnsbØp∂Xpw sshkv {]kn-U‚mWv teJ-I≥
ASnÿm\w \ΩpsS tZiob

ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 7


Kpcp-Pn-bpsS
GI-Xz-Z¿i\w
C∂v cmjv{Sob kzbw-
tk-hI - k - w-Ls - Ø-∏‰ - n-
bp≈ A]-hm-Z{- ]-Nc - Ww
em`-I-c-amb Hcp hyh-
kmbw F∂ \ne°v Nne
kwL-S-\-Ifpw _p≤n-Po-hn-
\m-Sy-°mcpw sIm≠p-\S- -
°p-Ib - m-Wv. kwL-Øns‚
Imcy-]≤ - X - n-sbtbm
AXpƒs°m-≠n-cn-°p∂
Z¿i-\sØtbm ]Tn-°m≥
{ian-°m-sX-bmWv Ch¿
kwLsØ A‘-ambn
FXn¿Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
∂Xv! hmkvXh - Ø- n¬
kwL-N-cn-{Xhpw KpcpPn
tKmƒh¬°-dpsS IrXn-
Ifpw Ch¿°n∂pw _men-
tI-dm-ae - b- mbn XpS-cp-Ib
Wv. kwL-hn-tcm[w {]N-cn-
∏n-°p-∂Xv Nne-cpsS Pohn-X-
am¿§-hp-am-Wv. kwLsØ ASp-
Ø-dn™p-sIm≠p≈-X√ an°-h-
cp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\c - l- n-Xa
hna¿i-\ß - ƒ. cmjv{SsØ
i‡n-im-en-bm-°m≥ DZy-an-°p∂
kwLsØ FXn¿°p-∂h
e£yw a‰p ]e-Xp-at√? kwL-
ÿm-]\w apX¬ C∂p-hsc
C{]-Im-c-ap≈ At\Iw A·n-]-
co-£I - sf kwkvIm-chpw
{]h¿Ø-\-an-Ihpw sIm≠v AXn-
8 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
am[-hZ- mkv
At±lsØ h¿§o-b-
hmZn F∂v Bt£]n-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂h - ¿
Cu {KŸm-hen
k{i≤w ]Tn-°m≥
{ian-®n-´p≠mbn-cn-°n-√.
kwL-Øn-s\-Xnsc
XqenI ]S-hm-fm-°p∂
F{X _p≤nPohn \mSy-
°m¿ "KpcpPn kmln-
Xy-k¿hkzw' hmbn-
®n´p-≠v? Hcp IrXn
t\cn-´p-hm-bn-°msX B
IrXn-sb-∏‰n Bscm-
s°tbm Fgp-Xn-°q-´nb
]m¿´n-km-lnXyw
sXm≠ sXmSmsX
hngpßn am[y-a-ß-fpsS
- m- Xmfp-I-fnepw \n£n-]vX-
Xm-ev]c- y-ßf
- p≈
Po-hn® Bth-iz-÷z-e-amb kwL-S\ - I- f
- psS I]-S]- p-tcm-Ka- -
ss]Xr-Ia - mWv kwL-Øn-t‚-Xv. \-th-Zn-I-fnepw Ib-dn-\n∂v
`mc-X-hn-`-P-\w, \ntcm-[\߃, kwL-Øn-s\-Xnsc A-e-dp-∂-h¿
- mb {]Xn-Im-c-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ, Ip{]-N-c-W- Fß-s\-bmWv kmwkvIm-cnI
߃ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ {]£p- \mb-I-cmIp-∂Xv? Ch¿ kwL-
_v[XIsf t\cn´v ASn-]-X- Øns‚ Ncn{Xw hkvXp-\n-jvT-
- c- psS dmsX k©-e\w \S-Øn-bmWv ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ sI.-B¿.
kwLw Ct∏mƒ Chn-sS-sb-Øn- a¬°m-\n-bp-sStbm F®v.h - n.
b-Xv. tijm-{Zn-bp-sStbm {KŸ-߃
KpcpPn tKmƒh¬°-dpsS I≠n´pXs∂-bpt≠m? kwL-
kmln-Xy-k¿hkzw _rl-Ømb Øns‚ \nc-]-cm-[nXzw ]pd-Øp-
Hcp Bib temI-amWv. sIm-≠ph∂ k¿°m¿
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
\ntbmKn® hnhn[ At\z-j-W-
I-Ωo-j\ - p-If - psS dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ
{i≤n-®n-´pt≠m? Imem-Im-eß
fn¬ kwL-Øn-t‚-Xmbn Cd-
ßp∂ {]ta-bß - f - n-eqsS IS-∂p-
t]m-bn-´pt≠m? kwL-Øns‚
LS-\s - b-¥m-sW∂v hni-Ie
sNbvXn-´pt≠m? ASn-ÿm-\]
amb CØcw hkvXp-XI
hnt«-jWw sNømsX I]-S_
≤n-Po-hn-Ifpw ss\Xn-IX
ssItamiw h∂ cmjv{So-b-
°mcpw kwL-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-
™p-sh-®-h N¿hn-X-N¿hWw
\S-ØpI F∂-Xn¬\n∂pw
apt∂m´v Hc-Sn-sh-bv°m≥ kwL-
hn-tcm-[n-Iƒ°mbn-´n-√. _u≤n-
I-amb kXy-k-‘-X C√m-
bvabmWv CXv ImWn°p∂-Xv.
kwLsØ FXn¿°p-∂h
t∏mepw i{Xp-°f - mbn
ImWp∂ at\m`mhw kwL-
Øn\v C√m-ØXpsIm-≠p-
Xs∂ kwLw AXns‚
{]h¿Ø-\ß - f - n-eq-sS-bmWv
Btcm-]W - ß - sf X≈n-°f
bp-∂-Xv. hnhm-Z-߃ D≠m°n
]{X-ß-fn¬ ÿew Cc-∂p-hm-
ßp-∂Xv kwL-Øns‚
ssien-b-√. kwL-Øn-s\-
Xnsc C{X-tbsd Btcm-
]W߃ \mep-]m-Sp-\n-∂pw
D≠m-bn´pw Hcp \ntbmKw
t]mse kwL-Øn-te°v
kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ
FØp∂Xns‚ Imc-Whpw
kwL-Øns‚ Cu ssien-
bmWv.
kwL-Imcyw Cuiz-co-b-
Im-cy-am-Wv, kwL-Po-hnXw
Xs∂-bmWv \ΩpsS B≤ym-fln-
I-km-[\ Fs∂ms° KpcpPn
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv kwL-Øns‚
kØ-bm-Wv. Kpcp-Pnsb h¿§o-b-
hm-Zn-sb∂pw Zzncm-jv{S-hm-Zn-
sb∂pw Nn{Xo-I-cn-°m≥ {ian-°p-
∂-h¿°v e£y-߃ a‰p ]e-Xp-
am-Wv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ KpcpPn
CsXm-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂v
\njv]£ - a - mbn At±-lØ
Pohn-Xs - Øbpw cN-\I
A[y-b\w sNøp-tºmƒ a\- n-
em-Ipw. At±lw Bcp-tSbpw
aX-hn-izm-kØ - n\v FXn-cm-bn-cp-
∂n-√. aXw GXp-am-bn-s°m-≈-s´
cmjv{S-Øns‚ kwkvIm-csØ
B¿÷-ht- ØmsS Dƒs°m≠p
Pohn-°Ww F∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
l-Øns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sv. aXw
hy‡n-]cw, tZio-bX F∂Xv
- - kmwkvIm-cnIw. Cu ZrjvSn-
tIm¨ Fß-s\-bmWv h¿§o-b-
am-Ip-∂Xv? PmXn°v AXoXambn
sslμ-h¿ Db-cWw F∂-Xp-
- \w t]mse Xs∂ {][m-\-amWv aX-
- c- - Øn-\X - o-Xa- mbn kmwkvIm-cn-I-
- sf amb Hcp-abv°v th≠n \ne-sIm-
- p- ≈p-∂Xpw. Cusbmcp `mhm-fl-
Iamb tZiob ho£-WamWv
kwL-Øn-t‚-Xv. KpcpPn kmln-
Xy-k¿hkzw CXns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-
W-am-Wv. sshhn-≤y-ßsf
At±lw FXn¿Øn-cp-∂n-s√∂v
am{X-a-√, krjvSn-bpsS {]tXy-I-
X-bmWv \m\m-Xz-sa-∂pw AXn-\n-
S-bn-eq-sS-bp≈ GI-XzsØ
km£m-XvIc - n-°m-\mWv ]cn-{i-an-
- s- c- t°-≠Xv F∂-p-amWv Kpcp-Pn-
- -
bpsS DZvt_m-[-\w. kwL-Sn-°p-
∂-Xv `mhm-flI-amb ImgvN∏ - m-Sn-
em-Wv. B¿°pw FXn-cm-b√.
kwL-{]-h¿Ø\w k¿§m-flI - -
am-Wv, \ntj-[m-fl-I-a-√.
GIXzw F∂m¬ \m\m-XzsØ
C√m-Xm-°-e-√. k\m-X-\-[¿Ω-
Øn\v am{Xta GI-XzsØ
Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°m-\m-hp-Ib - p-≈q.
- ns‚ ImcWw \ΩpsS [¿Ωw \m\m-
- t- fbpw XzsØ `b-°p∂ H∂-√. Cu
[¿Ω-Ønep≈ {i≤-bmWv
KpcpPn kmln-Xy-Øns‚ B[m-
cw. `mc-Xo-bX- sb Cusbmcp
ka-\z-bZ- r-jvSn-bn¬ Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-
°¬ Fß-s\-bmWv h¿§o-ba - m-
Ip-∂Xv?
CS-Xp- _p≤n(?)Pohn-Iƒ
t\cw In´p-tºm-sgms° Kpcp-Pn-
bp-tSXv F∂v ]d™v FSp-Øp-
tN¿°p∂ H∂mWv "cmjv{S-ao-
amwk ˛ AXm-bXv lnμp-
ÿms‚ tZiobkzcq-]s - Ø-°p-
dn-®p≈ ]cym-tem-N\'bnse
Nne hcn-Iƒ. 1944 ¬ Cd-ßnb
Cu ]pkvXIw Kpcp-Pn-bp-tS-X√
F∂Xpt]mepw Ah¿ ka¿∞-
ambn ad-®p-sh-bv°p-Ibpw Bi-
b-°p-g∏w D≠m-°m≥ t_m[-
]q¿Δw {ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
_u≤n-Ia - mb ]m∏-cX- zØns‚
aIp-tSm-Zml-cW- a
- m-Wn-Xpw.
_m_p dmhp kmh¿°¿ Fgp-
Xnb Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn\v KpcpPn
Bap-Js - a-gpXn F∂-XmWv
kXyw. Zzncm-jv{S-hmZw KpcpPn
Hcp-Im-eØpw D∂-bn-®n-´n√
F∂v am{X-a-√, {]kvXpX
BapJw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂Xv
cmjv{Sw GI-ambn \n¬°Ww
F∂ Blzm-\Ø - n-emWpXm\pw.
k\m-X\ - [- ¿Ω-amWv tZiobX
F∂v {io Ac-hn-μ≥ hy‡-am-
°n-b-t]m-se-X-s∂, lnμp F∂
hm°v kzman hnth-Im-\-μ≥ D]-
tbm-Kn-®t- ]mseXs∂ Kpcp-
Pnbpw {]-tbm-Kn-®p. CXn¬
h¿§o-ba - mbn F¥m-Wp-≈Xv?
"hnth-Im-\μ - k
- m-ln-Xy-k¿hkz'
Øns‚ XpS¿®-bmbn ]Tn-t°≠
H∂mWv "KpcpPn kmln-Xy-k¿h-
kzhpw.' H∂ns‚ XpS¿®-bmWv
c≠m-at- Ø-Xv. {io-cm-aI- r-jvW]
- c
- -
º-c-bpsS `mK-am-bn-cp-∂p Kpcp-Pn-
9
(tijw t]Pv 40 ¬
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv
tUm. sI. Pb-{]-kmZv
tZiobt_m[-hpw, ka-`m-h-\-bpw, kmaq-lnIka-c-k-Xbpw hf¿Øn, cmjv{SsØ
]cwssh`-h-Øn-tebv°v \bn-°p-∂-Xn\v \mb-I-Xzw hln-°m≥ Hcp thmf‚dn
Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥ F∂ \ne-bn-emWv B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv cq]w-sIm-≠-Xv. `mcXw ASn-
a-X-z-Øn-tebv°v ]Xn-®Xv cmjv{S-i-cocw t]dp∂ Ai-‡n-bpw, Ass\-I-y-hpw,
t\Xr-Xzcmln-X-y-hpw-sIm-≠m-Wv. lnμpkam-P-Øns‚ kl-P-amb Zu¿∫-e-y-ßsf
AXn-Po-hn-°msX `mc-X-Øn\v apt∂-dm≥ Ign-bn-√.
1925-˛se hnP-b-Z-i-an-Zn-\- {]ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-®p. Jnem-^Øv {]ÿm-\Ø - n¬
Øn-emWv cmjv{Sob 1920-˛se \mKv]q¿ tIm¨{Kkv tIm¨{K-kv \¬Inb ]n¥p-W,
kzbwtkhIv kwLw cq]-sa-Sp- ktΩ-f\ - Ø
- n¬ thmf‚n-b¿ Iym- XpS¿∂p-≠mb h≥ h¿§ob
°p-∂-Xv. Ign™ F´c ]Xn-‰m- ]v‰\- m-bn-cp∂p. IqSmsX Iem-]-߃, \n -l-I-c-W-{]-
≠n-\n-S-bn¬ Hcp]mSv sh√p-hn-fn- sk≥{S¬ {]hn-iym tIm¨{Kkv ÿm-\sØ P\-ka - c
- a
- m-°msX
Isf AXn-Po-hn-®p-sIm-≠mWv tPmbn‚ v sk{I-´d - n-bpam-bn-cp-∂p. Km‘nPn ]n≥h-en®Xpw XpS-ßn-
B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv hf¿∂-Xv. 1921-˛se \n -l-I-c-W-k-a-c- bh tUmIvS¿Pn°v ]pXnb ]mX
Hmtcm sh√p-hn-fnbpw hf¿®- Ønepw, 1930-˛se \nb-a-ew-L\ sh´n-sX-fn-bn-°p-∂X- n\v t{]c-W-
bv°p≈ ]pXnb Ah-k-c-ambn ka-c-Ønepw ]s¶-SpØv bm-bn.
F∂-XmWv {it≤-ba - mb hkvXp- Pbn¬hm-ka - \
- p-jvTn-®p.
X. 1916-˛¬ saUn-°¬ hnZ-ym-`- tIm¨{Kkv {]ÿm-\Ø - ns‚ al-Ømb Hcp kwkvIm-c-
ymkw Ign-™n-dßnb ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpw, Km‘n-b≥ t\Xr- Øns‚ ]n≥Km-an-Iƒ Hcm-bncw
tUmIvS¿Pn 1924-˛-hsc C¥-y≥ X-z-Øns‚ {]oW\\bhpw h¿jw ASn-aX - z-Øn-em-≠X- ns‚
\mj-W¬ tIm¨{K-kv, lnμp-a- tUmIvS¿-Pnsb Nn¥n-∏n-®p. 1916- Imc-Wß - ƒ Is≠-Øm-\m-Wv
lm-k-`, tlmwdqƒeoKv XS-ßnb ˛se tIm¨{K-kv-˛-eoKv Icm¿, tUmIvS¿Pn {ian-®X- v. cmjv{Sw
kzm-X-{¥yw t\Sn-bm-epw, B

10 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ

kzm-X-{¥yw \ne-\n¿Øm≥ `mc-

X-P\- X {]m]vXa - mtbm F∂- Xo-b-cpsS \yq-\-X-Isf Xncn-®-dn- 1.-B¿.-Fk- v.F
- kv t\cn´
XmWv {]iv\w. tIm¨{K-kv bm≥ {iaw \S-Øn-bn-√. Zp¿∫e BZ-y{- ]-Xn-k‘n
cmjv{Sobw kam-PsØ im‡o-I- ico-cØ- n\v tcmK-{]-Xn-tcm-[- B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv t\cn´ BZ-y-{]-
cn-°n-√. cmjv{So-b-e-£yw am{X-ap- i‡n \jvS-am-Ipw. AXp-t]mse Xn-k‘n AXns‚ XpS°w
≈ Hcp {]ÿm-\-Øn\v kam- cmjv{S-ic
- ocw Zp¿_-ea- m-Ip- apX¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv
PsØ Icp-Øp-‰X - m-°n-am-‰m≥ tºmƒ sshtZ-inI B{I-a-W- cmjv{Sob{]{In-bb
- n¬ AXv kPo-
]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-hpw. cmjv{S-i- Im-cn-Iƒ B[n-]-Xyw t\Spw. h-am-IWw F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p
co-csØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v, C\nbpw Cu Ahÿ `mc-X-Øn- hmZw. lnμpalm-k-`bpƒs∏-sS-
tZi-`-‡n-bm¬ DW¿∂ Hcp P\- \p-≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°m-\mWv tZi- bp≈ {]ÿm-\-߃ B¿.-F-kv.-
X-bp-≠m-hW - w. cmjv{Sob e£-y- kvt\-l-Øns‚ a{¥-hp-ambn F-kns\ cmjv{So-bc- w-KØv
߃s°-√mw cmjv{S-t_m-[- kzbw-tkh-Isc AWn-\n-cØ - n-b- sIm≠p-hc - m≥ Xmev]c - yw ImWn-
Øm¬ kzbw i‡n-bm¿÷n® Xv.
Hcp bph-P-\-X-bp-≠m-h-Ww.
tZiobt_m[-hpw, ka-`m-h-\-
bpw, kmaq-lnIka-ck - X- bpw
hf¿Øn, cmjv{SsØ ]cwssh`-
h-Øn-tebv°v \bn-°p-∂-Xn\v
\mb-I-Xzw hln-°m≥ Hcp
thmf‚dn Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥
F∂ \ne-bn-emWv B¿.-F-kv.-
Fkv cq]w-sIm-≠X - v. `mcXw
ASn-aX - z- Ø
- n-tebv°v ]Xn-®Xv
cmjv{S-i-cocw t]dp∂ Ai-‡n-
bpw, Ass\-I-y-hpw, t\Xr-
Xzcmln-Xy- h - pw-sIm-≠m-Wv.
lnμpkam-PØ - ns‚ kl-Pa - mb
Zu¿∫-ey- ß - sf AXn-Po-hn-
°msX `mc-X-Øn\v apt∂-dm≥
Ign-bn-√. F√m {]iv\-߃°pw
sshtZ-inI B{I-aW - I - m-cn-Isf
Ip‰w ]d-bp∂ t\Xm-°ƒ `mc-

ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 11

 ®n-cp-∂p. tKmUvtk Dƒs∏-sS-bp-
≈-h¿ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns\
X≈n-∏-d™v t]mb-h-cm-Wv. \nb-
a-ew-L-\-{]-ÿm-\-Øn-epw, Izn‰v
C¥ym ka-c-Ønepw B¿.-F-kv.-
Fkv {]h¿Ø-I¿ hy-‡n-]-c-
ambn ]s¶-Sp-Ø-X-√msX kwL-
S\ F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-
cp-∂n-√. \nb-a-ew-L\ {]ÿm-\-
Øn¬ tUmIvS¿Pn hy-‡n-]-c-
ambn ]s¶-Sp-ØmWv Hcp-
h¿jsØ Pbn¬hm-k-a-\p-`-hn-®-
Xv. lnμp-a-lm-k-`-bp-ambn
tUmIvS¿Pnbv°v ASp∏w D≠m-
bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw cmjv{Sob _‘w
D≠m-bn-√. B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv Hcp
thmf‚dn kwL-S-\-bm-Wv. Hcp
“Mass Movement’’F∂ Xe-
Øn-e√ hf¿∂Xpw hnI-kn-®-
Xpw. kam-P-Øn\v Icp-tØ-Ip∂,
e£-y-t_m-[-ap≈ Hcp-Iq´w
cmjv{S-kvt\-ln-Isf hm¿sØ-Sp-
°p-∂X - n\v cmjv{So-b{- ]-h¿Ø-\-
Øn-eqsS Ign-bn√ F∂v
tUmIvS¿Pn Xncn-®-dn-™n-cp-∂p.
1940-˛¬ ]qP-\ob KpcpPn t\Xr-
Xzw Gs‰-Sp-Ø-Xn-\p-tijw 1942-
˛se Izn‰v C¥ym ka-c-Øn-epw
KpcpPn tUmIvS¿Pn-bpsS ]mX
Xs∂-bmWv kzo-Ic - n-®X
- v.
12 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
2. cmjv{S-hn-`P
- \w
cmjv{S-kz- m-X{- ¥yw hn`-P\ - t- Øm-
sS-bmWv e`-ya - m-bXv F∂Xv
B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns\ kw_-‘n®v
AwKo-Ic - n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-ØX - m-
bn-cp-∂p. aXm-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬
hn`-Pn-°-s∏´v h≥]n® c‡-sNm-
cn-®n¬ I≠mWv kz-X{- ¥-am-bX - v.
tImSn-°W - ° - n\v A`-bm¿∞n-I-
fmWv Ing-°v-˛-]-Sn-™mdp ]mIn-
ÿm-\mbn cq]-s∏´ {]tZ-i-ß-
fn¬\n∂v `mc-XØ - n-tebv°v IS-
∂p-h-∂-Xv. e£-߃ sIm√-s∏-
´p. F√mw \jvS-s∏´v shdpw-ssI-
tømsS h∂ A`-bm¿∞n-Iƒ°v
Xmßmbn B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv amdn.
B¿.-Fk - v.F- kv P\-lr-Zb - ß - f- n-
tebv°v IS-∂p-sN-√p-∂Xv Cu
Ime-L-´-Øn-em-Wv. s\lvdp-
hns‚ t\Xr-Xzw hn`-P\w AwKo-
I-cn-®Xv P\lnXw am\n-®m-bn-cp-
∂n-√. Ing°pw ]Sn-™mdpw
ap…nw aX-cmjv{Sw cq]-s∏-s´-¶n-
epw, `mc-X-Ønse ap…o-ß-fn¬
`qcn-]-£hpw ChnsS Xßn.
lnμpkaq-lØ - n-\mWv F√mw
\jvS-am-b-Xv. `c-W-IqSw hn`P-\-
Øn-\p-ti-jhpw ap…nw {]oW-\-
\bw ]n¥p-S¿∂p. s\lvdp `c-
W-Iq-SØ- ns\Xncmb P\-tcmjw
kwL-Øns‚ ]n¥pW h¿≤n-∏n-
®p. kz-m`m-hn-I-ambpw s\lv-dp-
hns‚ IÆnse Ic-Smbn B¿.-
F-kv.-Fkv amdn. A`-bm¿∞n-
Isf klm-bn-°p-∂X - n\v
k¿°m-cn\v hy-‡-amb \bw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. kwL-
kzbwtkh-I¿ cmjv{Sw t\cn´
Cu alm-hn-]-Øns\ t\cn-Sm≥
F√mw ad∂p {]h¿Øn-®p.
3. tKmUvtkbpsS NXn-bpw,
s\lvdp Hcp°nb sIWnbpw
alm-flm-K-m‘n-bpsS h[w B¿.-
F-kv.-F-kn\v h≥ {]Xn-k-‘n-
bp-≠m-°n. Km‘nh[-Øn¬
]¶n-s√-¶n-epw, \nb-a-]-c-ambn
{]Xn-ÿm-\Øv D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-
¶nepw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s\-Xn-
cmb {]NcWØn\v Km‘n-h[w
klm-bn-®p. `oI-c-Xsb lnμp-
kw-kvIm-cØ - ns‚ `mK-ambn
Hcn°epw Icp-Xm-\m-In-√. A[n-
Imc cmjv{So-bØ - n¬\n∂v AI-
∂p-amdn ZpxJn-X-\mb Km‘n-
PnsbbmWv tKmUvtk h[n-®X - v.
kz¥w A[n-I-mc-Øn-\p-th≠n
cmjv{S-hn-`P
- \- Ø
- n\p t\Xr-Xzw
\¬Inb s\lvdphpw Iq´cpw
FXn¿°-s∏-´n-√. Km‘nPn Pohn-
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Hcn-°epw
s\lvdphpw IpSpw-_hpw
tIm¨{K-kn-s‚bpw cmPy-`c - W
- -
Øns‚bpw t\Xr-ÿm-\Ø - v
{]Xn-jvTn-°s
- ∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
s\lvdp-hns‚ \b-ßsf hnti-
jn®v Imivao¿ Dƒs∏sS
Km‘nPn FXn¿Øn-cp-∂p.
Km‘n-h[w ^e-Øn¬ s\lvdp-
hn-s\-bmWv klm-bn-®-Xv. s\lv-
dp-hns‚ t\Xr-X-z-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn
tIm¨{K-kn¬ hen-sbmcp \nc
Xs∂-bp-≠m- b - n-cp-∂p. k¿Zm¿
]t´¬, tUm. cmtP-{μ-{]-km-Zv,
]pcp-tjmØw Zmkv TWvU≥,
Pn.-_n. ]¥v XpS-ßn-b-h-scms°
Km‘n-h[sØ XpS¿∂v s\lvdp-
hn\v ]n¥pW \¬In. tZio-b-
hm-Zn-Iƒ°v tIm¨{K-kn\IØv
i_vZa - n-√m-sX-bm-bn. cmjv{S-hn-`-
P\w \¬Inb thZ-\-bpw,
s\lvdp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ shdp∏pw
Km‘n-h[sØ XpS¿∂v C√m-sX-
bm-bn. F√m-hcpw s\lvdp-hns‚
t\Xr-Xzw AwKo-I-cn-®p. lnμp-
Xzm-`n-ap-Jyw D≠m-bn-cp∂
tIm¨{K-knse {]_-e-t\-Xr-
Xzw I]-Sa - t- X-Xc
- X
- z- Ø
- n¬ Xf-
bvs∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ \n¿_‘nX-
ambn. s\lvdp-hn-s\-Xn-cmb P\-
tcmjw Xf-bv°p-∂X - n\v Km‘n-h-
[sØ ad-bm-°n. B¿.-F-kv.-
Fkns\ \ntcm-[n-bv°p-∂-Xn-s\-
Xn-cmb {]N-cW - b- p≤w \S-Øm≥
s\lvdp Xøm-dm-bn. AXn¬
At±lw hnP-bn-®p. Km‘nh-[-
Øn¬ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. t\Xm-
°tfm, {]h¿Ø-Itcm {]Xn-bm-
bn-√. F∂m¬ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv.
F∂ {]ÿm\w \ntcm-[n-®p-
sIm≠v s\lvdp-hn\v lnμp-X-z-hn-
cp-≤-{]-N-cWw \S-Øm≥ Ah-k-
c-sam-cp-ßn. `c-WL - S- \m \n¿Ωm-
W-k`- bv°v s\lvdp-hns‚ ap∂n¬
ap´p-Ip-tØ-≠n-h∂ - p. cmP-yØ - ns‚
B`-y-¥-c, hntZ-i, kmº-ØnI
taJ-e-I-fn-se√mw s\lvdp
Ah-km-\h - m-°m-bn. Imivao¿
{]iv\hpw ssN\-bpsS B{I-a-
Whpw Hs° s\lvdp-hns‚
kw`m-h\ - b- m-bn. s\lvdp-hns‚

s\lvdp `c-W-Iq-S-
Øns\Xncmb
P\-tcmjw kwL-
Øns‚ ]n¥pW
h¿≤n-∏n-®p.
kz-m`m-hn-Ia - mbpw
s\lvd - p-hns‚
IÆnse Ic-Smbn
B¿.-Fk - v.F
- kv amdn.
A`-bm¿∞n-Isf
klm-bn-°p-∂X - n\v
k¿°m-cn\v hy-‡a - mb
\bw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
kwL-kzbwtkh-I¿
cmjv{Sw t\cn´ Cu
alm-hn-]Ø - ns\
t\cn-Sm≥ F√mw
ad∂p {]h¿Øn-®p.

ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 13

 t\Xr-Xzhpw, IΩ-yq-WnÃpImcpw
kwL-Sn-X-ambn \S-Ønb {]N-
cWw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚
hf¿®bv°v XS- a - p-≠m-°n.
F∂n-cp-∂mepw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv.
hf¿∂p. ]t£ GXm≠v \mep
]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign-™mWv
lnμp-X-z-i‡n s\lvdp
tIm¨{K-kn-s\-Xn-cmbn tZio-bi - -
‡n-bmbn amdp-∂-Xv. D∑q-e-\-kn-
≤m¥w ]co-£Ww \S-Ønb
tKmUvtk lnμp-Xz- Ø - ns‚
hf¿®sb GXm≠v \mev ]Xn-
‰m≠v XS-™p-\n¿Øn.
""s\lvdp IpSpw-_-cmPv'' `c-W-
Øn\p \¬Inb ]cn°v hfsc
hep-Xm-Wv. AXn\v If-sam-cp-°n-
bXv tKmUvtkbmbn-cp-∂p.
bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tKmUvtk
sIm√m≥ {ian-®Xv
Km‘nPnsbb√ lnμp-X-z-i-‡n-
I-sf-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Km‘n-Pnsb
IqSp-X¬ Db-cß - f- n-tebv°v {]Xn-
jvTn-°m≥ klm-bn®Xpw
tKmUvtk Bbn-cp-∂p. hoc-k- ASn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xn-cmb t]mcm-´-amWv B¿.-F-kv.-
h¿°m¿ F∂ alm-h-y-‡n-Xzw
A]-am-\n-°-s∏-´Xpw Km‘n-h-[- F-kns‚ hf¿®bv°v Gsd klm-bn-®-Xv. Cμn-cm-Km‘n
tØmsSbm-Wv. s\lvdp t_m[- apJyi{Xp-hmbn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øv \ntcm-[n-®Xv
]q¿Δw kh¿°sc Km‘n-h-[- B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. s\lvdp tIm¨{Kkv
Øn¬ {]Xn-bm-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p. F°meØpw `b-s∏-´Xv lnμp-X-z-i-‡n-I-sf-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
4. Cμn-cm-Km-‘nbpw ASn-b-¥- Cμn-cm-K-‘n-bpsS Icn-\n-b-a-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬
cm-hÿ
- bpw t]¿ Xpdp-¶n-e-S-bv°-s∏-´Xv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn¬
ASn-b¥ - c - m-hÿ
- b - vs°-Xn-cmb \n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv i‡n-tI-
t]mcm-´a - mWv B¿.-Fk - v.F- - {μ-ß-fn-se√mw Cμn-cm-Km-‘n-bpsS tIm¨{Kkv Zb-\o-b-
kns‚ hf¿®bv°v Gsd klm- ambn 1977-˛¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p.
bn-®-Xv. Cμn-cm-Km‘n apJyi{Xp-
hmbn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øv \ntcm-[n-
®Xv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s\-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. s\lvdp tIm¨{Kkv kv.-F-kns‚ {]h¿Ø-\w-sIm- alm-{]-ÿm-\-am-bn. F√m taJ-
F°meØpw `b-s∏-´Xv lnμp-X- ≠m-Wv. c≠p \ntcm-[-\ßfpw e-I-fnepw ]cn-hm¿ {]ÿm-\-
z-i‡
- n-Is - f-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cμn-cm-K- B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv hf¿®sb ߃ ap∂n-em-bn. cmPysØ
‘n-bpsS Icn-\n-b-a-Øn¬ klm-bn-®p. tIm¨{K-kns‚ G‰hpw henb sXmgn-emfn bph-
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ t]¿ Xpdp-¶n-e- {]Nm-c-W-sØ t\cn-Sm≥ B¿.-F- P-\h - n-Zy- m¿∞n kwL-S\ - I- ƒ
S-bv°s - ∏-´Xv B¿.-Fk - v.F- - kv.-F-kn\v Ign-™Xv P\-߃ kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ kz-¥-am-bn.
kn¬\n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-cp- AXn\v \¬Inb ]n¥p-W-sIm- s\lvdp-hpw, Cμn-cm-Km-‘nbpw
∂mepw B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv i‡n- ≠m-Wv. ASn-b-¥-cm-hÿ Ign- sNbvXX - p-t]mse \c-knw-ld - m-
tI-{μ-ßf - n-se√mw Cμn-cm-Km-‘n- ™t∏mƒ B¿.-Fk - v.F
- kv hphpw sX‰mb IW-°p-Iq-´-en-
bpsS tIm¨{Kkv Zb-\o-ba - mbn tIcfw Dƒs∏sS {]apJ emWv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns\
1977-˛¬ ]cm-Pb - s - ∏-´p. kwÿm-\ß - f- n¬ i‡n-bm-bn. \ntcm-[n-®-Xv. `mc-X-Øns‚ ASn-
""Ius_¬‰v'' F∂p ]d-b-s∏- a-Xz- Ø- ns‚ kvamc-Ia - m-bn-
Sp∂ kwÿm-\ß - f - n¬ 5. _m_-dn-ak
- vPn-Zns‚ XI¿®
Øo¿∂p _m_-dn-a-kvPn-Zv. AXv
tIm¨{Kkv ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]cm-P- tIm¨{Kkv `c-WØ - n≥Io-gn¬ tZim-`n-am-\n-If - m¬ D∑q-e\w
b-s∏-´p. 1980-˛¬ tIm¨{Kkv B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv ho≠pw \ntcm- sNø-s∏-´Xv Hcp \ntbm-K-am-bn-cp-
A[n-Im-cØ - n¬ Xncn-®p-hs - ∂-¶n- [n-°s∏Sp∂Xv 1992 Unkw-_¿ ∂p. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns\ \ntcm-
epw, ASn-b¥ - c - m-hÿ - t- bmsS 6˛\v tij-am-Wv. B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv [n-s®-¶n-epw, tImS-Xn-bpsS ap∂n-
tIm¨{Kkv bpKw XI¿∂p. hf¿®-bpsS aq∂m-asØ L´w ep≈ {]Xn-]-´n-I-bn¬ B¿.-F-
tIm¨{K-kns‚ i‡nsb Aßs\ Bcw-`n-®p. \ntcm-[- kv.-Fkv C√. Km‘n-h[w
XI¿ØXv s\lvdphpw Cμn-cm- \sØ AXn-Po-hn® B¿.-F-kv.- t]mse lnμp-X-zsØ \in-∏n-
Km-‘nbpw \ntcm-[n® B¿.-F-

14
Fkv cmjv{Sw apgp-h\pw hf¿∂ °m≥ tIm¨{Kkv `c-WI - qSw
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
]pXn-sbmcp am¿§w Is≠-Øp-I-
bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ B¿.-F-kv.-
Fkv IqSp-X¬ IcpØv sXfn-
bn®v i‡-am-Ip-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p.
1996-˛-epw, 1998-˛-epw˛ 1999-˛epw
\S∂ s]mXp Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-
fn¬ lnμp-Xz- c - m-jv{So-ba- mWv
H∂mw ÿm\-sØ-Øn-bX - v.
tIm¨{Kkv ]n∂n-em-bn. am{X-
a√ ap∂Wn cmjv{So-b-Øns‚
IqsS-b-√msX tIm¨{K-kn\v `c-
Whpw e`-y-am-In√ F∂ Ah-
ÿ-h-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw lnμp-
X-zi
- ‡- n-Iƒs°-Xn-cmb N{I-
hyqlw krjvSn-°m≥
tIm¨{Kkv t\Xr-X-z-Øn\v Ign-
bp-∂p. B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv
{]h¿Ø-I¿°v ]pXnb sh√p-hn-
fn-Isf t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp-∂p.
]s£ Hmtcm sh√p-hn-fn-bv°pa-
\p-k-cn®v Db-cm≥ kwL-]-cn-
hm¿ {]ÿm-\-߃°v Ign-bp-∂p
F∂-XmWv {it≤-ba - m-bp-≈X - v.
tIm¨{K-kns\ IqSmsX CS-Xp-
]-£-hpw, C…m-anI i‡n-Ifpw
BtKmf {InkvXob i‡n-Ifpw
kwbp-‡a - m-bmWv B¿.-Fk - v.-
Fkv hncp≤ {]Nm-cWw \bn-
°p-∂-Xv. B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv hf-cp-
∂-X-\p-k-cn®v FXn-cmb {]Nm-c-
Whpw i‡-am-hp-∂p.
"lnμp`oI-cX'
Nne H‰-s∏´ hgn-sX-‰nb hy-‡n-
I-fpsS kml-kn-IX- s
- b-bmWv
"lnμp`oI-cX'bmbn Nn{Xo-Ic- n-
°p-∂-Xv. "Km‘n-h[w' Btcm-
]n®h¿ A∂v D∂-bn® hmZ-
߃ Xs∂-bmWv C∂pw
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. F¨]-Øn-
A-©p-tImSnhcp∂ lnμp-°f - n¬
tKmUvtk-bpsS ]n∑p-d° - mcmbn
Nne¿ D≠mhmw. AXv \nb-a-
Øns‚ hgn-bn¬ Xf-bv°-s∏-S-
Ww. cmP-yØv ]Xn-s\-´p-i-X-
am\w hcp∂ \yq-\-]£ thm´p-
Isf GIo-I-cn-°m-\mWv lnμp-`o-
I-cX Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-°p-∂X - v.
Ign™ c≠p Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-
fnepw tIm¨{K-kn\v klm-b-I-
am-bXv "lnμp-X-z-hncp≤' {]Nm-c-
W-am-Wv. \yq-\]
- £- {- ]o-W\ - c- m-
jv{So-bØ
- n\v "lnμp-`o-Ic - X'
krjvSn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy- a - m-Wv.
lnμp-X-z-i-‡n-Iƒ°v Cu B{I-
aWw t\cn-Sm≥ Ffp-∏-Øn¬
C∂v Ign-bpw. "lnμp`oI-cX'
Hcp sh√p-hn-fn-b-√, ]s£ Hcp
{]Nmc-Wm-bp-[-am-Wv. AXv Xncn-
®-dn™v {]h¿Øn-°p-Ib - mWv
th≠-Xv. s\lvdphpw Cμn-cm-Km-
‘n-bpw, \c-knw-l-dm-hphpw ]co-
£n® X{¥w
tkmWnbmKm‘nbpw t\m°p-I-
bm-Wv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns\
kw_-‘n®v Cu {]Nm-
cWbp≤w ]pXp-a-bp-≈-Xp-a-√.
IqSp-X¬ i‡n-bmbn {]h¿Øn-
°m≥ tIm¨{Kkv Hcp Ah-
kcw IqsS \¬Ip∂p F∂p-
thWw Icp-Xm≥. hnh-c-km-t¶-
XnIhnZy Gsd hnI-kn® Cu
Ime-L´- Ø
- n¬ B¿.-Fk - v.F
- kv
hncp≤ {]N-mc-W-Øn\v BtKm-f-
i-‡n-Iƒ t\cn-´mWv {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂-Xv. `mcXw Hcp alm-i-‡n-
bmbn amdp-∂Xv XS-bpI F∂
e£-yhpw AXn-\p-]n-∂n-ep-≠v.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ IqSp-X¬
Icp-Xepw {i≤bpw B¿.-F-kv.-
Fkv {]h¿Ø-I¿°v D≠m-h-
Ww. `oI-cX krjvSn-°p-∂Xv
`ocp-°-fm-Wv. AXv ska-‰nIv
aXssien-bm-Wv. `mc-XØ - n\v
XnI®pw A\-y-amb Hcp
{]h¿Ø\]≤-Xn-bp-am-Wv.
]pXnb Db-c-ß-fn-tebv°v lnμp-
X-zi
- ‡
- n-Iƒ°v IS-∂p-sN-√m≥
sh√p-hn-fn-Isf \ap°v kzo-I-cn-
°mw. s\lvdp-hpw, Cμn-cm-K-
‘nbpw ]cm-Pb - s
- ∏-´n-SØv
tkmWn-bm-Km-‘n-bpsS t\Xr-Xzw
hnP-bn-°n-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw
kzbwtkh-I¿ Icp-Xt- emsS
apt∂-dpI Xs∂-th-Ww.
BtKmf C…m-anI `oI-cX - b - p-
ambn "lnμp`oI-cX'sb Xmc-X-
ayw sNbvXmWv {]N-mcWw \S-
Øp-∂-Xv. Hcp al-Ømb
kwkvIm-ct- ØmSv ImWn-°p∂
A\o-Xn-bmWv lnμp-hns\
"`oIc'\m°p-∂X - v. thm´v _m¶v
cmjv{So-bØ- n\v KpW-Ic - a
- m-Ip-sa-
¶nepw cmjv{Sm-`n-am-\s - Øbpw
BZ-cW - o-ba - mb _nw_-ßs - fbpw
AXv XI¿°pw. ""Imhn-`o-I-cX''
F∂pw "lnμp`oI-cX' F∂p-
ap≈ {]tbmKw Bfl-l-X-ym-]-c-
am-Wv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns\
FXn¿°m≥ Hcp alm-kw-kvIm-
csØ `oI-c-X-bpsS Dd-hn-S-ambn
tIm¨{Kkpw a‰v CS-Xp-
]£{]ÿm-\ß - f- pw, C…m-anÃv
kwL-S\ - I- f - p-ambn
ssItIm¿Øp-sIm-≠mWv
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-
kns\ kw_-‘n®v CXp-hsc
t\cn-tS-≠n-h∂ - Xv kwL-S\ - m-]c - -
amb sh√p-hn-fn- t\cn-Sp∂Xv.
aq∂v \ntcm-[-\-߃ B X-c-Øn-
ep-≈X- m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ C∂v
sh√p-hnfn t\cn-Sp∂Xv B¿.-F-
kv.-F-kv A√ adn-®v, temI-
Øn\v Znim-t_m[w \¬Ip∂
`mc-XobkwkvIr-Xn-bm-Wv. B¿.-
F-kv.-Fkv B kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS
Imh¬°m¿ am{X-am-Wv. `mc-Xmw-
_sb hn`-Pn® i‡n-Iƒ `mcX
kwkvIr-Xn-bv°p-t\sc ho≠pw
hmtfm-ßp-∂p. B¿.-Fk - v.F- kv
C∂v t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hnfn Cu
IS-∂m-{I-aW - sØ t\cn-SpI
F∂-Xm-W.v
* `mc-Xob hnNm-c-tI{μw P\-d¬
sk{I-´-dn-bmWv teJ-I≥
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 15
 Atbm-≤y-bpsS ktμiw
(B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv. Z£n-W-t£-{Xob _u≤nIv in£¨ {]ap-Jv)
\ ΩpsS cmjv{Sw a‰p≈ cmjv{S-
ß-sf-t]mse D≠m-bX - √
- F∂v
hnhn[ aX-{K-Ÿ-߃ Hcp-
t]mse \sΩ Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂p.
kzman hnth-Im-\-μ≥, al¿jn
Ac-hn-μ≥, kzman Zbm-\-μ-k-c-
kzXn XpSßn B[p-\nI
ImesØ k¿Δ Nn¥-I≥amcpw
Hcp-t]mse ]d-™Xv Cu
\mSn\v al-Ømb Hcp I¿Ωw
temIØv \n¿Δ-ln-°m-\p≠v
F∂m-Wv. Hmtcm \mSpw ]nd-°p-
∂-Xv, Hmtcm-tcm cmjv{Shpw D≠m-
hp-∂-Xv, AX-Xn-t‚-Xmb Hcp
I¿Ωw A\p-jvTn-°p-hm≥
th≠nbmWv. Ft∏m-gmtWm B
ZuXyw \n¿h-ln®v Xo¿°p-I
At∏mƒ B cmjv{Sw {]k-‡-a-
√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cpw. Cu temI`q]-S-
Øn¬\n∂pw A{]-Xy-£a - m-bn-
Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Aßs\
H´-\-h[n cmjv{S-߃ Cu temI-
16 Øp-\n∂pw C√m-Xm-bn. Ah-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
sP. \μ-Ip-am¿
\ΩpsS ]pWy-Zm¿i-\n-I-
bpsS I¿Ω-a-h-km-\n®p F∂p-
thWw Icp-Xm≥. thsdm-cp-hn-
∑m-cmb ]q¿hn-I-∑m-cm¬ `mKw cmjv{S-ßfpw Cu temI-`q-
hnc-Nn-X-amb thZ-߃, ]-SØ
- n¬\n∂pw C√m-Xm-bn-´p-≠v.
]pcm-W-߃, Z¿i-\-߃ Ah Xß-fpsS ZuXyw
Fs¥∂p Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-
F∂nh Ah-cpsS Pohn-X- bmsX h∂ cmjv{S-ßf - m-Wv.
Øn¬\n∂pw \mw ]Tn-®,
\ΩpsS ]pWy-Zm¿i-\n-I∑ - m-cmb
Z¿in®, \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-
]q¿hn-I∑ - m-cm¬ hnc-Nn-Xa - mb
cp∂ \ΩpsS sslμh thZ-߃, ]pcm-W-߃, Z¿i-\-
PohnXssien. CsXms° ߃ F∂nh Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-
kzPo-hn-X-Øn-te°v Øn¬\n∂pw \mw ]Tn-®,
sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw Imtem- Z¿in®, \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-cp∂
\ΩpsS sslμh PohnXssien
Nn-X-amb, temtIm-Nn-X-
CsXms° kzPo-hn-XØ - n-te°v
amb A]-Iy-]-cn-Wm- sIm≠p-hc - n-Ibpw Imtem-Nn-X-
a-߃ hcp-Øn-s°m≠v amb, temtIm-Nn-X-amb, A]-Iy-
\ap-°o temIØv ]-cn-Wm-aß- ƒ hcp-Øn-s°m≠v
\ap-°o temIØv Pohn-°m≥
Pohn-°m≥ Ign-s™-¶n¬ Ign-s™-¶n¬ am{Xta Cu
am{Xta Cu cmjv{Sw ]ptcm-
cmjv{Sw ]ptcm-Ka - n-°p-Ib
- p-≈q.
K-an-°p-I-bp-≈q. al-Øp-°ƒ kz]v\w-I≠ B
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
temIKpcp-ÿm-\-tØ°v \ap-
°p-b-cm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. B
{]bm-W-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X-
embpw \sΩ klm-bn-°pI
]q¿Δ-Kp-cp-°∑
- m-cmb {iocm-aN - {- μ-
s‚-bpw {ioIr-jvW] - c
- a- m-flm-hn-
s‚bpw A¿Pp-\-s‚bpw A`n-a-
\yp-hn-s‚bpw hnizm-an-{X-s‚bpw
`rKp-hn-s‚bpw Hs° Ncn-X-ß-fm-
Wv. Cu \m´nse Bfp-Iƒ°v
Bthiw sIm≈p-hm≥ Ah-tc-
bp-≈q. Ah-cpsS I¿Ω-߃
kvacn-®p-sIm-≠v, Ah-cpsS D]-
tZ-i-߃ kvacn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-
cpsS Pohn-XsØ amXr-Ib - m-°n-
s°m≠v hf-cp-hm-\pw aptºm´v
t]mIp-hm\pw \ap°v km[n-
°Ww.
bYm¿∞-[¿Ωw F{]-Im-ca - mWv
A\p-jvTn-t°-≠Xv F∂
A¿÷p-\s‚ kwi-b-Øn\v `K-
hm≥ {ioIr-jvW≥ ]d™ adp-
]Sn C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. km[m-c-
W-°m-cmb Bfp-Iƒ°v A\p-I-
cn-°m-\p-≈-Xv, A\p-h¿Øn°m-
\p-≈Xv F{]-Im-ca - mtWm BNm-
cy-t{i-jvT-∑m¿ BN-cn®p ImWn-
®p-X-∂n-´p-≈Xv AXphgn t]mhp-
I. AhnsS \ap°v sh´n-Øn-f-
ßp∂ Pzen-®p-\n¬°p∂ {[ph-
Xmcw t]mse cmas‚ Pohn-X-ap-
≠.v {iocm-a-N{μ≥ Fß-s\-
bmWv a\p-jy≥ Pohn-t°≠Xv
F∂v \Ωsf ]Tn-∏n® \ΩpsS
]q¿Δn-I\ - m-Wv. Fß-s\-bmWv
Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Imcn \mSp `cn-t°-
≠Xv F∂v ImWn-®p-X∂ `c-Wm-
[n-Im-cn-bm-Wv.
bYm¿∞ Po-hn-XsØ \ΩpsS
apºn¬ ImWn-®p-X∂ alm-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
kwibw Db¿Øn-s°m≠v Ah¿
]e-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ Btcm-]-W-
ßfpw D∂-bn-®p. AØcw kwi-
_m_dn akvPnZv b-߃s°√mw Ah-km\ adp-
B£≥ Iu¨kn-edm- ]Sn \¬In-s°m≠v Ign™
bn-cp∂ P\m_v jnlm- sk]v‰w-_¿ amkw 30-˛mw XobXn
_p-±o≥ ]d-™Xv 1528 \v Ae-l_ - mZv sslt°m-SX - n-bpsS
eJv\u _©v hn[nbpw
apºv Ahn-sS-sbmcp {]kvXm-hn-®p. cmam-cm-[\ Ncn-
t£{Xw D≠m-bn-cp-∂- {Xm-Xo-X-Imew apX-te, `c-Wm-[n-
Xn\v sXfn-hmbn Hcp Xo-X-Imew apXte `mc-X-Øn¬
Is√-¶n-epw FSpØv \ne\n¬°p-∂-XmWv F∂v. cma-
ImWn®m¬ X߃ Ah- P-∑-`q-ansb kw_-‘n® B
tImSXn hn[n-bn¬ Ak-μn-Kv≤-
Im-i-hmZw Dt]-£n-°m- ambn aq∂v PUvPn-amcpw {]Jym-
sa∂mWv. AhnsS Hcp ]n-°p-∂Xv PÃnkv AK¿hm-fpw,
t£{X-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p PÃnkv i¿Ω-bpw, PÃnkv
F∂pw AXv lnμp-°- Jm\pw Hcp-t]mse ]d-bp-∂-Xv,
F∂p apX-emtWm Ncn{Xw
fpsSXmWv F∂pw tImS- Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv A∂p-ap-Xte
Xn°v hfsc hy‡-ambn cmam-cm-[\ ChnsS \ne-\n¬°p-
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ∂p≠v F∂m-Wv. `mc-Xo-b¿°v
sNbvXp. C\n Xo¿∏p cma-s\-t∏m-ep≈ amXr-II - ƒ
Bh-iy-am-Wv. {iocm-aN- {- μa-lm-
I¬∏n-t°-≠Xv Fß-s\- {]`p P\n®Xv Atbm-≤y-bn-emWv
bm-bn-cn-°Ww? F∂v F√m-h¿°pw Adn-hp-≈-
Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS c‡-Øn¬ ebn-
®p-tN¿∂ hnizm-k{- ]-am-Wa - mWv
]pcpj\mWv {iocm-aN - {- μ-al
- m-{]- cma≥ P\n-®Xv Atbm-≤y-bn-
`p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv hmevaoIn emWv F∂v hkvXp-X. cmas\
al¿jn cmam-bWkrjvSn-bpsS Ipdn®v ]d-bp-Ib- m-sW-¶n¬
XpS-°-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂-Xv: Atbm≤y F∂v am{X-amWv
""cmtam hn{K-hm≥ [¿Ωx'' {iocm- \ap°v ]d-bphm-\p-≈-Xv. `mc-X-
a-N-{μs\ F√m ImeØpw a\- Øns‚ Hcp {]tXy-IX CØcw
 n¬ {]Xn-jvTn-°p-hm≥ `mc- hnin-jvSc- mb tZiob Kpcp-°∑- m-
Xob lnμp-°ƒ {ian-®n-cp-∂p. sc-°p-dn-®p≈ kvac-W -`m-c-X-
A\m-Zn-Imew apXte cma-s\ - Øn¬ apgp-h≥ D≈-Xp-sIm≠v
B-cm-[n-®p-t]m-cp∂p F∂-Xns\ Ah-cpsS Pohn-Xhp-ambn _‘-
kw_-‘n®v Nne¿s°ms° s∏-SpØn At\Iw ÿe-߃
17
kwibw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B Ds≠∂-XmWv. tIc-fØ - n¬
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 Xs∂ F{Xtbm ÿe-߃
D≠v. ]mWvU-h-∑m-cpsS t]cn¬
Adn-bs - ∏-Sp-∂X - mb ÿe-߃,
{iocm-as\ _‘-s∏-SpØn
Xs∂ ]d-bp∂ ÿe-߃
Cßs\ At\Iw D≠v. ]s£
cma≥ P\n-®-Xn-hn-sS-sb∂v thsd-
hn-sSbpw ]d-bp-∂n-√. cma≥
P\n-® H‰ ÿe-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv
]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXv Atbm-≤y-bn-
em-Wv. B ÿeØv cmakvacW
\ne-\n¿Øp-hm\pw B-cm-[\
\S-Øp-hm\pw th≠n Hcp
t£{Xw D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂Xv
hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. AXv \n¿an-®Xv
{iocm-a` - ‡
- \ - mb knwl-N{- I-
h¿Øn-bm-Wv F∂Xpw lnμp-°-
fmb F√m Bfp-Ifpw sNdp∏w
apXte tIƒ°p-∂-Xm-Wv. B
al-Ømb t£{Xw tZth-{μs‚
cmP-[m-\n-bmb Aa-cm-hX - n°p
Xpey-am-bn-cp∂p F∂m-Wv
\ΩpsS ]pcm-W-ß-sf√mw ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. cma-t£-{X-Øn\v Np‰pw
{]Z-£nWw h®m¬ Aiz-
ta[bRvPw \S-Øp-∂X - ns‚
^ew \ap°v e`n-°p-sa-∂mWv
BNm-cy-aXw. km[m-cW - K - X
- n-
bn¬ a\p-jy-\n¿ΩnX-amb
t£{X-߃°v Ime-m¥-cØ - n¬
£nXn t\cn-Spw. XpS¿∂v
]p\¿\n¿am-Whpw \S-°p-w.
£nXn t- \-cn-´p-sIm-≠n-cnt°
hn{I-am-Zn-Xy-al - m-cm-Pmhv ]pjv]-
I-hn-am-\k - Z- r-iamwhn[w
]p\¿\n¿Ωn-®Xpw \ap-s°-√m-
h¿°pw Adn-bmw. Aßs\
\ne-\n-∂p-t]m∂ t£{Xw
]n∂oSv 1528-˛¬ _m_-dn-s‚- B-
{I-aW
- I - m-eØv XI¿°-s∏´p
F∂Xpw hkvXp-X-bmWv. _m_-
dp-Xs∂ Fgp-Xn-h-®n-´p≈
Ncn{Xw A\p-k-cn®v _m_-dns‚
tk\m-\m-bI - \- m-bn-cp∂
ao¿_m°n F∂ jnbm
ap…namWv CXv XI¿Ø-Xv.
ao¿_m°n cma-P∑ - ÿ
- m-\sØ
t£{Xw XI¿Øv AhnsS Hcp
sI´nSw ]WnXp. Hcp sI´nSw
Ft∂ ]d-bp-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-
bp-≈q. AXp ]≈n-b-√. C…mw
aXm-cm-[\{]Imcw Bcm-[\ - m-
tbm-Ky-amb ]≈n-b√ AXv F∂v
A∂p-ap-X¬ ]d-™p-t]m-cp-∂X - m-
Wv. ap…ow aX-\n-b-a-{]-Imcw
Bcm-[n-°p-hm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-
∂-Xmb ÿeØv A\n-hm-
cyambn th≠ aX-Nn-”-ß-ƒ
hy‡-ambn \n¿h-Nn-°-s∏-´n-´p-
18
≠v. _m¶v hnfn-°p-∂Xn\pw
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
\mSpap-gp-h≥ tIƒ∏n-°p-∂-
Xn\pw kuI-cy-{]-Z-amb coXn-bn-
ep≈ an\m-c-߃ thWw.
\nkvImcw sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv
AwKip≤n -h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-Bh-
iyamb Pe-kw-`-cW hyhÿ
thWw. CsXm-∂p-an-√msX B{I-
aW {]Xym-{I-aW - ß
- ƒ°n-Sb- n-¬
hfsc s]s´∂v X´n-°q-´nb sI´n-
S-am-bn-cp-∂p AhnsS D≠m-bn-cp-
∂-Xv. 1528 ¬ CXv kw`-hn®p
F∂v _m_-dpsS ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ
ao¿_m-°n-bpsS \n¿tZ-i{- ]-Imcw
B sI´n-S-Øns‚ ap∂n-semcp
inem-en-Jn-X-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-h-
bv°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 1992 Unkw-
_¿ amkw 6˛mw XobXn \S∂
I¿tk-h-bpsS ^e-ambn AXp
XI¿°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. G-Xm-flm-`n-am-
\-ap≈ P\-Xbpw AØ-c-samcp
tZiob{]m[m-\y-ap≈ ÿew
Xncn-®p-]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ {ian-s®-∂n-
cn-°pw. AXv kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv.
temIØv F√m-bn-SØpw \S-∂n-
´p-≈X - p-am-Wv.
Hcp hntZin Xßsf Iogvs]-Sp-
Øn-b-Xns‚ kvamcIw \ne-
\n¿Øp-∂Xv Hcn-°epw A`n-am-
\Ic-a-√. temIØv Cßs\ H´-
\-h[n DZm-l-c-W-߃ D≠v.
t]mf-≠ns\ djy Iogvs]-Sp-Øn.
djy-bn¬ D≈ ]uckvXy
ItØm-en°m aX-hn-`m-KØ - ns‚
t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ hmgvk Dƒs∏-sS-
bp≈ ]´-Wß - f- n¬ At\Iw
ss{IkvXh ]≈n-Iƒ Ah¿
]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®p. t]mf-≠n¬
A∂v ss{IkvXh - c
- m-Wv,
djybnepw ss{IkvXh - c
- m-Wv.
djy-°m¿ {InkvXp -D-≈-Xpw,
I\ym-a-dn-b-ap≈Xpamb ]≈n-I-
fmWv ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®Xv. F√m-
h¿°pw Hcp-t]mse kzoI-cn-°m-
hp-∂Xmbn-cp∂p AXv. ]t£
Npcp-ßnb Imew-sIm≠v
t]mf≠v kzX-{¥-am-hp-Ibpw
djysb Xpc-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
t]mf≠v hntam-Nn-Xa - mb DSs\
Xs∂ t]mf-≠nse `c-Wm-[n-Im-
cn-Iƒ sNbvXXv hmgvkm ]´-W-
Øn¬ ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®n-´p≈
djy≥ Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv ]≈n-
Iƒ H∂-S¶w XI¿sØ-dn-bpI-
bmWv. Ahn-SpsØ P\-t\-Xm-
°ƒ ]d™Xv AXv ]Wn-XXv
Xßsf Iogvs]-Sp-Ønb djy-°m-
cmWv. Xß-fpsS tZio-bX - b- psS
taep≈ If-¶-ß-fm-W-h. AXv
\ne-\n¿Øp-∂Xv Xß-fpsS A`n-
am-\Ø
- n\v tbmPn-®X - √-
F∂mWv.
\ΩpsS \mSpw Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc
CXv sNbvXn-´p-≠v. 1947 BKÃv
14-˛mw XobXn A¿≤-cm-{Xn- kzX-
{¥-amb DSs\Xs∂ `mc-X-
Øns‚ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ
{_n´ojv `c-Wm-[n-Im-cØ - ns‚
Hcp Ah-in-jvShpw tijn-°-cpXv
F∂v Xocp-am-\n-®p. hnIvtSm-dnbm
alm-dm-Wn-bp-sSbpw tPm¿Pv
F{_-lm-an-s‚bpw {_n´ojv `c-
Wm-[n-Im-cn-If- p-sSbpw t]cn¬
Adn-b-s∏-´n-cp∂ apgp-h≥
ÿm]-\ß - f
- p-sSbpw t]cv
]p\¿\n¿Æ-bn-°m≥ \ΩpsS `c-
Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°m-bn. Hcp-Im-
eØv hnIvtSm-dn-b-bpsS t]cn-e-dn-
b-s∏-´n-cp∂ tdmUp-Iƒ C∂v
Km‘n-Pn-bpsS t]cn-emWv Adn-
b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. \ΩpsS `c-Wm-[n-
Im-cn-I-fn¬ {]ap-J-cmb sI.-Fw.
ap≥jnbpw, k¿Zm¿ ]t´-epw,
cmtP-{μ-{]-kmZpw Hs°
ap≥ssIsb-Sp-ØmWv tkma-\m-Y-
t£-{X-Øns‚ ]p\¿\n¿amWw
\S-ØnbXv. Hcp-Im-eØv apKƒ`-
c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmb apl-ΩZv
Kkv\n `mc-X-Øn-te°v IS-∂p-
h∂v XI¿sØ-dn-™X - mWv
tkma-\m-Yt- £-{Xw. apl-ΩZv
Kkv\n sNbvX {IqcXvbv°v adp-
]Sn sImSp°Ww F∂v kzX-{¥-
`m-cX- Ø
- nse `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ
Nn¥n-®p. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw H‰-
s°-´mbn \n∂p-sIm≠v
km£m¬ alm-flm-Km-‘n-bpsS
A\p-{K-lm-»n- p-It- fmsS tkma-
\m-Y-t£{Xw ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°p-
hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. CXn-\p-th≠
apgp-h≥ Nne-hp-Ifpw k¿°m¿
hln°pw F∂ Xocp-am-\-hp-sa-Sp-
Øp. ]t£ B {]ta-b-hp-ambn
sI.-Fw. ap≥jnbpw k¿Zm¿ ]-
t´epw tN¿∂v alm-flm-Km-‘n-
sb I≠-t∏mƒ Km‘nPn ]d-
™p: ""AXp ]mSn-√. `mc-Xo-b-
cpsS apgph≥ ]¶m-fn-Ø-tØmsS
k¿°m-dns‚ Nne-hn-e-√msX
thWw ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-°p-hm≥.''
`mc-Xo-b-cpsS apgp-h≥ ]¶m-fn-
Ø-tØm-Sp-IqSn alm-flm-Km-‘n-
bpsS A\p-{K-lm-in- p-It- fmsS
tkma-\m-Y-t£{Xw ]p\¿\n¿an-
®p. BZy-L´w DZvLm-S\w
sNbvXXv cmjv{S-]X - n-bm-bn-cp∂
_m_p cmtP-{μ-{]-km-Zm-Wv.
DZvLm-S\{]kw-KØ- n¬ cmjv{S-
]Xn ]d-™Xv Ign™ Bbncw
h¿j-ßf - mbn `mcXw t]dn-s°m-
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

≠n-cn-°p∂ ASn-aØ
- Ø- ns‚
Ah-km-\sØ Ah-in-jvShpw
\o°w sNøp∂ ]pWy-Zn-\-am-
WnXv F∂m-Wv. CsXm-s°
kqNn-∏n-°p∂Xv Hcp \mSns‚
tZiob am\-_n-μp-°sf kwc-
£n-t°-≠Xv B cmjv{SsØ
kvt\ln-°p∂ Bfp-If - psS
I¿Ø-hyamsW∂m-W.v
kzmX{¥yw t\SpI F∂v ]d-
™m¬ kz¥w X\n-asb F√m
cwK-ß-fnepw Bhn-jvI-cn-°pI
F∂-Xm-W.v
1528 ˛¬ t£{Xw XI¿Øv XpS®v
\o°n-b-Xp-ap-X¬ U¬ln
hmgp∂ apKfcmPm-[n-]-Xy-Øn-
s\-Xnsc lnμp-°ƒ 76 alm-bp-
≤-߃ \S-Øn-bn-´p≠v. 1857 ¬
kzmX-{¥yk-ac - Ø
- n-\n-sS-
Qm≥kn-dm-Wn-bpsSbpw \m\m-
km-ln-_n-t‚bpw Xm¥n-bm-tXm-
∏n-bp-tSbpw Hs° t\Xr-Xz-
Øn¬ `mc-X-am-k-Iew \S∂
t]mcm-´-߃ Nne-scms° [cn-®n-
cn-°p-∂Xv AXv eIv\u-hn-epw,
aod-‰nepw am{Xw HXp-ßn-\n∂
Ipd®v in∏m-bn-I-fpsS el-f-sb-
∂mWv. ]s£ kXy-a-X-√. `mc-
X-Øn¬ Atßm-fa - n-tßmfw B
t]mcm´w \S∂n´p-≠v. Cßv tIc-
f-Øn¬ hsc AXns‚ Ae-sbm-
en-Iƒ FØn-bn-´p-≠v. tIc-
fØnse ]S-bm-fn-If - psS CS-bn-
te°v 1857 se t]mcm-´-Øns‚
ktμ-is - a-Øn-°m≥ h∂ t]mcm-
fn-Isf ]nSn-Iq-Sn-bX
- ns‚ Ncn{Xw
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
A∂sØ tcJ-I-fn¬ \ap°v
ImWm≥ km[n-°pw. Atbm-≤y-
bnse P\-ßsf kwL-Sn-∏n®v
{_n´o-jp-Im¿s°-Xnsc t]mcm-
´Øn\v t\XrXzw sImSp-ØXv
[oc-\mb tZio-bh - m-Znbpw C…m-
an-I-t\-Xm-hp-amb Aao¿
Aenbpw as‰m∂v cmav Nc¨
Zmkv F∂ Hcp sslμhmNm-cy-
\p-ambncp∂p. lnμp-P-\-Xbpw
ap…owP\-Xbpw kwL-Sn-Xc - mbn
\n∂p-sIm≠v `mc-Xob ssk\n-I-
cpsS ]n≥_-e-tØm-Sp-IqSn
t]mcm´w \S-Øn. B t]mcm-´-
Øn¬ Xß-fpsS `mK-߃
\n¿Æ-bn-°m≥ th≠n t\Xm°-
∑m¿ Hcp-an-®p-IqSn FSpØ Xocp-
am-\sØ {]Jym-]n®psIm≠v
Aao-den ]d-™Xv Xm≥ \S-
Øp∂ t]mcm´w cma-P∑ - ÿ
- m-
\sØ Atbm-≤y-bn-emWv. AXp-
sIm≠v Xs∂ {_n´o-jp-Im¿s°-
Xn-cmbn \mw \S-Øp-∂ Cu
t]mcm-´Ø - ns‚ BZy-hn-
Pb{]Jym-]\w \S-Øp-∂Xv
]p\¿\n¿Ωn-°-s∏-Sp∂ cma-t£-
{X-Øns‚ ap∂n¬h-®m-bn-cn-°pw.
cma-t£{Xw ]p\¿\n¿Ωn-°Ww
F∂m-bn-cp∂p ap…ow t\Xm-
hmb Aao¿ AenbpsS {]Jym-]-
\w. Ahn-SpsØ lnμp-°-fp-sS
D≈n¬ am{X-a-√, ap…ow P\-km-
am-\y-Øns‚ D≈nepw
DW¿Ønb hnImcw AXyp-÷-e-
am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-scm-‰s- °-´mbn
{_n´ojv hncp≤ t]mcm-´-Øn-
te¿s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS apJy-
t{]-cW
- I - f- n-sem∂v XI¿∂p InS-
°p∂ cma-t£{Xw ]p\¿\n¿Ωn-
°Ww F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-
eqsS D≠mIm≥ t]mIp∂ B
A]-I-S-Øns‚ Xo{hX Xncn-®-dn-
bp-hm≥ {_n´o-jp-Im¿°v H´pw
Xma-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXv
`mc-Xa- m-kI - ew hym]n-°m≥
t]mIp∂ i‡-amb ktμ-i-
amWv F∂v a\- n-em°n {_n´o-
jp-Im¿ Atß-b‰w ]cn-{i-an-®p.
Aao¿ Aen-sbbpw, cma-N-c¨
Zmkns\bpw NXn D]-tbm-Kn®v
]nSn-Iq-SpIbpw h[n®v Ah-cpsS
arX-ic - o-cß
- ƒ Atbm-≤y-bnse
sXcp-ho-Yn-If - n¬ sI´n-Øq-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. CXn-s\-Xp-S¿∂v
Ah¿ D≠m-°n-s°m-≠p-h∂
Bth-iw Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc ian-
∏n-°p-hm≥ {_n´o-jp-Im¿°v Ign-
™p. ho≠pw lnμp-°ƒ
t]mcm´w XpS¿∂p.
1885 ¬ cma-t£{Xw Xncn-®p-In-
´Ww F∂v Bh-iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠v
{_n´ojv tImS-Xn-bn¬ Hcp tIkv
sImSp-Øp. 1887 ¬ B
tIkns‚ hn[n {]Jym-]n-®p-
sIm≠v tIW¬ Nufn-bm¿ F∂
{_n´ojv PUvPn ]d-™ -Im-
cyhpw G‰hpw ASp-Øp- Im-e-
Øp-≠mb hn[n-bpsS ]›m-Ø-
ehpw t\m°p-tºmƒ hfsc
{it≤-b-am-Wv. {_n´ojv PUvPn
tIW¬ Nufn-bm¿ ]d-™p.
""1528 ˛ ¬ AhnsS \S-∂Xv hf-
sc-b[ - nIw Zu¿`m-Ky-Ic- -
ambnt∏mbn'' At±lhpw AwKo-
I-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p AhnsS
D≠m-bn-cp∂ t£{Xw XI¿°-
s∏´p F∂v. ]s£ B {]iv\w
]cn-l-cn-°m≥ Imew sshIn-t∏m-
bn-cn-°p∂p F∂v ]d-™p-
sIm≠v X{¥-im-en-bmb B
PUvPn Xs‚ -D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-
Øn¬\n∂pw Hgn-™p-am-dn.
{_n´o-jp-Im¿ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv
Aßs\ Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-
ØXv F∂v hy‡-am-Wv. sXfn-
hp-If - psS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬
t£{Xw XI¿°-s∏-´n-´p≠v F∂v
Nufn-bm¿ hfsc hy‡-ambn
]d-™p. XI-¿-ØXv C∂ Bfm-
sW∂pw XI¿ØXv Zu¿`m-Ky-I-
c-ambn t]mbn F∂pw ]d-™p.
]s£ Ah-km\w ]d-bp∂p
hfsc sshIn-t∏mbn F∂v.
Bflm¿∞-ambn lnμp-°ƒ
{]Xo-£n®p kzmX{¥yw In´n-b-
19
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 Xn-\p-ti-js - a-¶nepw cma-t£{Xw
tamNn-Xa - mIpw F∂v. Atbm-≤y-
bnse Np‰p-h-´-Øp≈ P\-ß-
sf√mw tkma-\m-Yt- £-{X-Øn¬
\S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]cn-{i-a-
ß-sf-°p-dn®v tIƒ°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-
Ønepw {]Xo-£n-®p. ]s£
AXpw D≠m-bn-√. AØ-c-samcp
kμ¿`-Øn-emWv Atbm-≤y-
bnse cma-P-∑-ÿm-\Øv \ne-\n-
∂n-cp∂ sI´n-S-Øn¬ 1949
Unkw-_¿ 22 \pw 23 \pw CS-
°p≈ A¿≤-cm-{Xn-bn¬
km£m¬ {iocm-aN - {- μ-al- m-{]`p
_me-cq-]Ø - n¬ koXm-e£ - vaW
l\p-aXvkta-X-\mbv Ah-X-cn-®-
Xv. CXns\ XpS¿∂v lnμp-°-fp-
sS Bcm-[\ IqSp-X¬
iIvXambn. `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ
CS-s]´v cma-hn-{Klw {]Xy-£-
amb ÿew Ccpºpthen-bpsS
AI-Øm°n ap{Z-h-®p. ]s£
lnμp-°ƒ Bcm-[\ AhnsS
\n¿_m[w XpS¿∂p t]m-∂p.
CXns\ XpS¿∂v AhnsS {]Xn-
jvTn-Xa- mbn´p≈ cma-hn-{K-lß - ƒ
\o°w sNø-Ws - a-∂m-hi - y-s∏-´p-
sIm≠v Nne ap…ow ktlm-Z-c-
߃ tIkv sImSp-Øp. AtX-
k-abw 16 ap…ow ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿
tImS-Xn-bn¬ kXy-hm-Mvaqew
ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v Bh-iy-s∏´p
cma-t£{Xw AhnsS Xs∂ \ne-
\n¬t°-≠XmWv AXn¬
lnμp-hn-iz-bp-sS BZcw
tIc-f-km-lnXy A°m-Z-an-bpsS ka{K kw`m-h-\-bv°p≈ ]pc-kvImcw
t\Snb Ihn Fkv. cta-i≥ \mb¿°v lnμp-hn-iz-bpsS D]-lmcw
hn.-F-®v.-]n. AJn-te¥y D]m-≤y-£≥ sI.-hn. aZ-\≥ \¬Ip-∂p.
kwÿm\ {]kn-U‚ v _n.-B¿. _me-cm-a≥ kao-]w.
20 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
X߃s°m-sc-Xn¿∏p-an√ F∂v.
B {]tZ-i-Øp≈ ap…n-߃°v
AhnsS t£{Xw hcp-∂-Xn¬
bmsXmcp FXn¿∏p-an√ F∂Xm-
Wv hkvXp-X. lnμp-°ƒ,
k\ymkn t{ijvT-∑m-cpsS t\Xr-
Xz-Øn¬ \S-Øn-s°m-≠p-h∂
t]mcm-´Ø
- n\v tZi-hym-]I - amb -
apJw hcp-∂Xv 1983 emWv.
A∂mWv cma-P∑ - `
- qan
ap‡nbRvPkanXn cq]w-sIm-≠-
Xv. XpS¿∂v \S∂ t]mcm-´-ß-
fn¬ inem-\ymkw \S-∂p. inem-
]qP `mc-X-am-k-Iew \S-∂p.
cma-koXmssNX-\yw `mc-Xo-bsc
apgp-h≥ Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-
th≠n P\-ß-ƒ apgp-h≥ Xs∂
DW¿s∂-gp-t∂‰p cma-t£{Xw
\n¿Ωn-°s - ∏-SWw F∂m-hi - y-s∏-
Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXns\
XpS¿∂v G‰hpw Ah-km\w
Hc¿∞-Øn¬ \ap-s°√mw A`n-
am\w DW¿Øp∂ cma-P-∑-
`qansb kw_-‘n® Ah-Im-i-
X¿°-Øn\v hncm-aan-´p-sIm-
≠p≈ sFXn-lm-knI hn[n-{]-
Jym-]-\hpw h∂p. \mfn-Xp-h-
sc-bp≈ Atbm-≤ym-hn-[n-Iƒ
t\m°n-bm¬ lnμp-°ƒ°\p-Iq-
e-amb hn[n-If - mWv tImS-Xn-
bn¬\n∂pw kzX-{¥-`m-c-X-Øn-ep-
≠m-bn-´p-≈s- X∂p-Im-Wmw.
H-ºX
- n-\m-bn-ct- Øm-fw t]Pp-Iƒ
hcp∂ Kn∂-kv_p-°n¬ t]mepw
ÿm\w ]nSn-°m≥ Xc-Øn-ep≈
_rl-Ømb Hcp hn[n-bm-bn-cp-
∂p AXv. At\Iw tNmZy-߃
tImS-Xn°v apºmsI h∂p.
]s£ tNmZy-ßf - psS amXm-hmb
tNmZy-amb Atbm-≤y-bn-emtWm
cma≥ P\n-®Xv F∂ tNmZy-
Øn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn tImSXn ]d-
™Xv. AhnsS Xs∂-bmWv
cma≥ P\n-®Xv F∂mbn-cp∂p.
Atbm-≤y-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂
B sI´n-S-Øns‚ \Sp-hn-esØ
Ipwt`m-P-Øns‚ HØ \Sp-hn¬
Xs∂-bmWv cma≥ P\n-®Xv
F∂v tImSXn ]d-™p.
AXmWv Imem-Im-eß - f- mbn
ChnsS \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-cp∂
hnizm-kw. c≠m-a-Xmbn ]cn-K-
Wn® tNmZyw AhnsS cmas‚
Bcm-[\ \S-∂n-´pt≠m
F∂mWv. AXn\pw aq∂p-t]cpw
Hcp-t]mse DØcw \¬In-bXv
D≠v F∂m-Wv. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬
Bcm-[\ \S∂ ÿeØv Hcp
t£{Xw D≠m-bn-cpt∂m F∂-Xm-
bn-cp∂p ASpØ tNmZyw.
t£{Xw D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂m-bn-
cp-∂p DØcw. F¥ns‚ ASn-
ÿm-\Ø - n-emWv CXv ]d-™Xv
shdpw hnizm-k-Øns‚ t]cn-
emtWm? A√. B¿°n-tbm-f-Pn-
°¬ k¿th Hm^v C¥y ]e
L´-ß-fn-embn \S-Ønb J\-\-
ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬
_m_¿ ]Wn-I-gn-∏n®p F∂v
]d-bp∂ sI´n-S-Øns‚ ASn-bn¬
hfsc _rl-Ømb DØ-tc-¥y≥
amXr-I-bn-ep≈ Hcp sshjvWh
t£{X-Øns‚ Ah-in-jvSß - ƒ
Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. inem-en-Jn-X-
߃, XqWp-Iƒ apX-em-bh
Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. sslμ-ht- £-
{X-ßf- n¬ am{Xw ImWp∂ kme-
`-RvPn-II- f
- psS cq]-߃ Is≠-
Øn-bn-´p-≠v. CXn-s‚-sb√mw
ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ Ah-bpsS
]g°w IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-®n-´m-hWw
AhnsS cma-t£{Xw D≠m-bn-cp-
∂ F∂v ]d-™-Xv. Aß-s\-bm-
sW-¶n¬ AXv XI¿°-s∏-´n-´p-
≠v F∂v PÃnkv AK¿hm-fpw,
PÃnkv i¿Ωbpw ]d-™-t∏mƒ
PÃnkv Jm≥ ]d-™Xv
XI¿Ø-Xm-sW-∂d - n-bn-√, ]s£
XI¿∂n-´p≠v F∂mWv. ASpØ
tNmZyw XI¿Ø ÿe-ØmtWm
Cu sI´nSw ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®n-´p-
≈Xv F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv ]≠v
1993 ¬ _lp-am-\y cmjv{S-]Xn
i¶¿Z-bm¬ i¿Ω tImSXntbmSv
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
tNmZn-®-Xm-Wv. AhnsS 1528 \v
apºv Hcp t£{Xw D≠m-bn-
cpt∂m F∂m-bn-cp∂p At±lw
tNmZn-®X- v. tImSXn sXfn-hp-Iƒ
lmP-cm-°m≥ th≠n B¿°n-
tbm-fP
- n-°¬ k¿th Hm^v
C¥ysb \ntbm-Kn-®p. A.S.I.
bpsS \n¿tZ-i{- ]-Imcw
Im\Ubn¬\n∂pw h∂ DtZym-K-
ÿ¿ ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øn-b-
Xns‚ ^e-ambn shfn-hmb
hkvXpX AhnsS Hcp t£{X-ap-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv. B
t£{Xw XI¿Øn-´mWv AhnsS
sI´nSw D≠m-°n-bXv F∂m-Wv.
CXv lnμp-°ƒ°v Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-
Xm-Wv. sslμh t£{X hnizm-
k-{]-Imcw \nb-a-]-c-ambn \ne-
\n¬°p∂ Hcp ssa\-dmWv
tZhX. B Ah-Im-in-bp-sS
ÿm\w thsdm-cmƒ°pw Ih¿∂v
sIm≠p-t]m-Im\pw Ign-bn-√.
{iocm-a-N{μ alm-{]-`p-hns‚ DS-a-
ÿ-Xb - n-ep-≈X- mWv t£{Xw
F∂pw tImSXn hn[n{]kvXm-hn-
®p. CsX√mw ]d-™p-I-gn™
tImSXn AXv hkvXp-Xb - mWv
F¶n¬ ln-μp-°ƒ°v Ah-Im-i-
s∏´ B ÿm\w F{Xbpw
s]s´∂v Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI-
bt√ th≠Xv? ]t£ Ahn-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
sSbpw tIW¬ Nufn-bm¿ \S-
Øn-b-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Hcp HØp-
Xo¿∏v t^m¿ape Xs∂.
_m_dn akvPnZv B£≥
Iu¨kn-edm-bn-cp∂ P\m_v
jnlm-_p-±o≥ ]d-™Xv 1528 \v
apºv Ahn-sS-sbmcp t£{Xw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂X- n\v sXfn-hmbn
Hcp Is√-¶n-epw FSpØv
ImWn®m¬ X߃ Ah-Im-i-
hmZw Dt]-£n-°m-sa∂mWv.
AhnsS Hcp t£{X-ap-≠m-bn-
cp∂p F∂pw AXv lnμp-°-
fpsSXmWv F∂pw tImS-Xn°v
hfsc hy‡-ambn t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNbvXp. C\n Xo¿∏p
I¬∏n-t°-≠Xv Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn-
°Ww? \n›-b-am-bn´pw AhnsS
Ft¥m Xc-Øn-ep≈ Hcp
hgpXn hog¬ kw`-hn-®n-´p≠v.
atX-X-c-Xz-Øns‚ t]cn-ep≈
Im]-Syw, I]S]ptcm-K-a-\-Xzw.
AXns‚ t]cnemWv aq∂m-bn
hn`-Pn°m≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
lnμp-°-tfmSv XpS¿∂p t]mcp∂
A\ymbw Chn-sSbpw Ah-km-\n-
°p-s√∂p-km-cw.
sslμhP\-Xb - psS BNm-cy-∑m-
cmb k\ym-kn-t{i-jvT∑
- m-¿ H∂-
S¶w \ΩpsS P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-
tfmSp Bh-iy-s∏-Spw cma-
t£{X\n¿Ωm-WØ - ns‚ ap∂n¬
C\n \nb-a-]-c-amb XS-k-ß-
fnsöv. ChnsS
aXkulm¿Zhpw kmtlm-Z-
cyhpw \ne-\n¬°Ww F∂m-{K-
ln-°p∂ k¿Δcpw H‰-s°-´mbn
\n∂p-sIm≠v cma-t£{X \n¿am-
W-Øn\v th≠n Cu \m´nse
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Isf Cu hkvXp-
X-Iƒ t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-ØW - w.
kwi-b-an-√. cmat£{X \n¿am-
W-Øn\p≈ hgn-sbm-cp-ßn-°-gn-
™p. Cu ip`kμ¿`sØ ]c-
am-h[n {]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn Cu
\mSns‚ apt∂-‰-Øn\v G‰hpw
A\pIq-e-amb Hcp kml-
Ncysamcp°Ww. AXn\v k∂-
≤-cmb F√m-h¿°pw cma-t£-{X-
\n¿Ωm-WØ - n\v t\XrXzw
sImSp-°m-\m-hi - y-amb i‡n
e`n-°p-∂X - n\v th≠n-bm-Wv
l\p-aZv i‡n PmK-cW b⁄w
`mc-Xa- m-kI - ew C∂v \S-∂p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂X - v.
Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv \S∂ l\p-aZv
i‡n-Pm-Kc- W A\p-jvTm-\-
Øn¬ \S-Ønb {]`m-j-W-
Øn¬\n∂pw. kam-l-cWw: \μ-
Ip-am¿ kn.-]n.
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 21
 Hcp BZ¿i-Øn\v Np‰pw Bfp-
Isf Iq´n {]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-∂-
Xns\ temI-kw-{Klw F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. kwL-ÿm-]-I-\mb
]qP-\ob tUmIvS¿Pn kwLw
XpS-ßp-∂-Xn\v apºv Xs∂
temI-kw-{K-lØ - n\mbn
{]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂p F∂v
ImWmw. \ΩpsS cmjv{S-Øns‚
]c-a-ssh-`-h-Øn-\mbn lnμp-k-
am-PsØ kwL-Sn-∏n-t°-≠Xv
A\n-hm-cy-am-sW∂v tXm∂n-b-
Xns‚ ]›m-Øe - Ø
- n-emWv
kwLw ÿm]n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X
- v.
`mcXw kº¬k-ar-≤hpw al-
Xz-]q¿Æ-hp-amb cmjv{Sw Bbn-
tIcfØn¬ kwL-t{]-cnX
tkhm-{]-h¿Ø\w
Hsc-Øn-t\m´w
22 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
cp-∂p. "temIm-ka - kvXm
kpJnt\m `h¥p', "IrWzt¥m
hniz-amcyw' XpS-ßnb alm-hm-
Iy-߃ temI-Øn\v kw`m-h\
\¬In-bt- Xm-sSm∏w AXns‚
{]mtbm-KnIhiw {]hrØncq]-
Øn¬ ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ib - pw-
sNbvXp. F∂m¬ Bbn-c-
tØmfw h¿jsØ sshtZ-inI
ASn-aØw \sΩ \ncm-i-bp-
tSbpw `uXn-IZ- m-cn-{Zy--Øn-t‚bpw
]Sp-Ip-gn-bn¬ X≈n-bn-Sp-Ib - m-bn-
cp-∂p.
kwL-kz-bw-tk-h-I-¿ Nn¥n-°p-
∂Xv Hcp hgn-bn¬IqSn am{X-am-
Wv. kam-PsØ cmjvt{Sm-∑p-J-
ambn kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI F∂Xv
am{Xw. CXv F√m {]iv\-
߃°pw ]cn-lm-c-am-Ipw.
kwLw lnμpZ¿i-\ß - ƒ°v
]pdsa hgn- thsdmcp tX-Sp-∂n-
√. kwL-ZrjvSn temI-Ønse
F√m-hc - p-tSbpw kuJy-am-Wv.
"am\-h-tkh am[htkh' F∂
lnμp ImgvN-∏mSv kzbw-tk-h-I¿
kwLw XpS-ßnb Imew apX¬
a\- n¬ {]Xn-jvTn®v hcp-∂-Xm-
Wv. tkh\w F∂ hm°n\v icn-
bmb Cw•ojv ]Zw C√m-ØX - n-
\m¬ "k¿hokv' F∂ hm°v
D]-tbmKn®v ]Ww \¬In In´p-
∂-Xn-t\bpw tkh-\a - mbn
Pn. ]fl-\m-`-kzman
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
{]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ {]Xn-
^-te— IqSmsX kam-PØ - n\v
th≠n sNøp∂ {]hrØn am{X-
amWv tkh\w F∂ `mc-Xob
ImgvN-∏m-Sn\v C∂v k¿h{X
AwKo-Imcw In´n-hc - p-∂p.
Aßs\ tkh\w sNø-W-sa-
¶n¬ Pohn-XØ - n¬ DZm-Øa - mb
Hcp- B-Z¿iw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww.
CXv ka-Xz-`m-h\ - b- p-tSbpw
kmtlm-Zc - y-Øn-t‚bpw {]Xo-I-
ß-fm-bn-cn-°W - w. kwL-t{]-cW
Dƒs°m≠v hnhn[ kwL-S-
\Iƒ `mc-XØ - n-ep-S\ - ofw
sNbvXp-hc - p∂ tkhm-Im-cy-߃
Zn\w-{]Xn IqSn-h-cn-Ibpw Bg-
Ønepw ]c-∏nepw hym]n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp-hc - p-∂X - mbn
ImWmw. CØcw A\p-`-h-߃
kwL-{]-h¿Ø-I-cpsS Nn¥m-a-
WvUew hf¿Øp-Ibpw IqSp-X¬
kam-tPm-’p-Ia - m-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p. CØcw tkh-\-{]-
h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ \K-cß - t- fbpw Øn-t‚bpw kam-Pt- _m-[Ø - n- tkhmIm-cy-߃ \S∂p-hc- p∂p
{Kma-ßt- fbpw ae-tbm-cX - o-ct- Zi t‚bpw {]k-cn∏v XpSn-∏n-°p-∂- F∂-dn-bp-tºmƒ AXns‚
taJ-eI - t- fbpw tkh-\Ø - ns‚ Xmbn ImWmw. Ct∏mƒ `mc-X- hym]vXnbpw Bghpw ZrV-Xbpw
kuc-`yw ]cØn Bfl-hn-izm-k- Øn¬ 1.75 e£-tØm-fw

ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 23

 kam-P-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-Ønse ]¶pw
hy‡-ambn a\- n-em°mw.
kwL-{]-h¿Ø-Ic - psS Znim-t_m-
[hpw CXp-X-s∂-bmWv. kwL-
{]-h¿Ø-\hpw tkh-\hpw
thdn´p ImWphm≥ km[n-°n-√.
kwL-ÿm-]I - \
- mb ]qP-\ob
tUmIvS¿Pn kwLw XpS-ßp-∂-
Xn\v apºv Xs∂ sh≈-s∏m°w,
hc-ƒ® XpS-ßnb B]-XvL-´-ß-
fn¬ kam-PsØ kwL-Sn-∏n®v
[mcmfw tkhm-{]-h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ
\S-Øn-bn-cp∂p. c≠m-asØ
k¿kw-LN - m-eIv Bbn-cp∂
]qP-\ob KpcpPn {]-h¿Ø-I¿°v
\¬Inb Znim-t_m[w F√m-
hcpw kam-P-Ønse AwK-{]Xyw-
K-߃ BWv F∂-XmWv.
kamPw Cuiz-ci - c- o-cØ
- ns‚
AwK-{]-Xyw-Kß - f - mWv F∂pw.
kwLw kam-PØ - ns‚ kwL-S\
bm-Wv. kam-P-Ønse {]iv\-ß-
ƒ°v ]cn-lmcw ImWp-hm≥
Ft∏mgpw Xøm-dmbn \n¬°p-∂-
Xn-\m¬ sdUn t^m¿
sk¬^vsekv k¿hokv (Ready
for Selfless Service) F∂pw
kwLsØ hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v.
tam¿hn AW-s°´v Zpc-¥w,
B{‘-bnse sImSp-¶m-‰v,
kp\man XpSßn ASp-Ø-Im-
eØv eUm°v ˛ se taJ-e-
bnse sh≈-s∏m°w h∂-t∏m-
24
sg√mw tkhm-ta-J-e-bn¬ kwL-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
{]-h¿Ø-I¿ ap≥\n-c-bn¬ D≠m-
bXv kam-Pt- _m-[Ø
- n-t‚bpw
A¿∏-Wa - \
- k
- vIX-bp-sSbpw
\nZ¿i-\ß- fmWv.
]qP-\ob tUmIvS¿Pn-bpsS P∑-
i-Xm_vZn h¿j-amb 1989 emWv
kwLw IqSp-X¬ hyh-ÿm-]n-X-
amb coXn-bn¬ tkh-\-cwKØv
hcp-∂Xv. F√m imJ-Ifpw
BgvN-bn¬ Hcp-Zn-hkw tkh-_-
k-Xn-Iƒ kμ¿in-°W - s
- a∂pw
tkhm-Im-cy-ßsf°pdn®v Iq´mb
Nn¥bpw {]h¿Ø-\hpw thW-
sa∂pw \n¿t±-in-°-s∏´p.
Aßs\ CXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-
°p-hm\pw {]h¿Ø-\-ss\-
]pWyhpw Znim-t_m-[hpw
\¬Ip-hm\pw
tkhmin£¨{]apJv XpS-ßnb
DØ-chmZnßfpw \ne-hn¬
- - h∂p. C∂v tIc-f-Øn¬ kwL-
t{]-cnX tkhm-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃
kv]¿in-°mØ taJ-e-Iƒ Cs√-
∂p-Xs∂ ]d-bmw. [m¿Ωn-I-aq-ey-
ß-fn¬ ASn-bp-d®v {]h¿Øn-
°p∂ Cu {]ÿm-\-ß-ƒ tkh-
\-Øns‚ am[pcyw e£-°-W-
°n\v P\-ß-fn-te°v FØn®p
F∂v ImWmw.
_me-_m-en-Im-
k-Z\
- ß
- ƒ
"lkvXk
- y- `q-jWw Zm\w
kXyw IWvT-ky -`q-jWw' F∂
kp`m-jn-Xh - N - \w Zm\-Øn-t‚bpw
]tcm-]I - m-cØ - n-t‚bpw alXzw
DZvtLm-jn-°p-∂p. ]©-al - m-b-
⁄-ßf - n¬ `qX-b⁄w kI-e-
N-cm-Nc
- ß- s - fbpw Dƒs°m-≈p-h-
\m-Wv. AXn-\p-th≠n {]h¿Øn-
°p-hm-\m-Wv. kwLw sNdpXpw
km[m-cW - ° - m-cmb kzbw-tk-h-
I¿°v A\p-Ic - n-°m-hp-∂X- p-amb
sNdnb Pt\m-]I - mc]≤-Xn-I-
fmWv \√-sX∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
sNmΔc tI{μo-I-cn®v AXn-\mbn
{Kma-tk-hm-ka
- nXn Fs∂mcp
{]ÿm\w cq]oI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw kam-P-Ønse Ai-c-W-
cmb Ip´n-Iƒ°mbn Hcp _me-
k-Z-\-Øn-\p Xp-S-°-an-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. XpS¿h¿j-ßf - n¬
DucIw tI{μo-Ic - n®v kRvPo-
h\n kan-Xn-bpsS Iogn¬ Hcp
_men-Im-k-Z\w Bcw-`n-®p. C∂v
tIc-fØ
- n¬ 27 _me-kZ- \ - ß
- fpw
17 _men-Im-k-Z\ßfpw 2 _me-
_men-Im-k-Z\-ßfpw {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂p. CXp-Iq-SmsX \n¿≤-
\cpw \ncm-ew-_-cp-amb
AΩam¿°p≈ tI{μw, am\-kn-
I-h-f¿® {]m]n-°mØ B¨Ip-
´n-Iƒ°pw s]¨Ip-´n-Iƒ°p-
ap≈ kZ\w, XpSßn 8 hnti-j-
ÿm-]-\-ßfpw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-
≠v. Cu tI{μ-ß-fnse {]h¿Ø-
IcpsS ss\]pWyw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
hm≥ {]tXy-I -]-cn-io-e-\-]-cn-]m-
Sn-Iƒ \S-Øn-h-cp-∂p. Ip´n-I-
fpsS hy‡n-Xz-hn-Imkw e£y-
am°n in_n-c-ßfpw {]tXyI
]cn-io-e-\-ßfpw \¬In-h-cp-
∂p≠v.
tkhm-`m-cXn
cmjv{Sobtkhm-`m-cX - n-bpsS
A\p-_‘ - k- w-LS- \- b- mbn
{]h¿Øn-°p∂ tZio-bt- k-hm-`m-
cXn (tI-c-fw) bpsS {]h¿Ø\w
tIc-f-Øn¬ tkh-\-Øns‚ apJ-
ap{Z ]Xn-∏n-®p-I-gn-™p. C∂v
tIc-fØ- n¬ tkhm-`m-cX - n-bpsS
42 bqWn-‰p-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
4 saUn.-tIm-tf-Pv, B¿.-kn.-kn.,
Pn√m Bip-]-{Xn-Iƒ, Xmeq°v
Bip-]-{Xn-Iƒ XpSßn 22 tI-{μ-
ß-fn-embn Ign™ h¿jw 20
e£w t]¿°v A∂-Zm\w
\¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn. 26 Bw_p-
e≥kv k¿Δo-kp-Iƒ km[m-c-
W-°m¿°v th≠n {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂p. tkh\w A∂-Zm-\-Øn¬
HXp-ßp-∂n-√. Btcm-Ky-tI-{μ-
߃, c‡-Zm-\-{Kq-∏p-Iƒ, tcmK-
{]-Xn-tcm[ {]h¿Ø-\-߃,
\n¿[-\-cmb Ip´n-Isf D∂-X-hn-
Zym-`ym-kØ
- n\v klm-bn-°¬,
]nFkvkn tIm®nwKv sk‚-dp-
Iƒ, Iu¨knenwKv, Bip-]{Xn
kao]w XmakhyhÿIƒ
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
XpSßn ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ tkhm-
Im-cy-ßfpw sNbvXp-hc - p-∂p≠v.
tImg-nt- °mSv Bip-]{- Xn-bnse
hm¿Uv \ho-I-cWw t]mep≈
Imcy-߃°v k¿°m¿ kwhn-[m-
\-߃ tkhm-`m-cX - n-bpsS
tkh\w Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-
Ibp≠mbn-.
Btcm-Ky-`m-cXn
tIc-f-L-SIw 2010 ¬ cq]o-I-cn-°-
s∏-´p. Bbp¿th-Zw, Atem-∏Xn,
tlman-tbm-∏Xn, imkv{X-im-JI - -
fpsS Iq´mb {]h¿Ø-\-am-Wn-Xv.
tUmIvS¿am-cpsS Iq´m-bvah
- gn
{Kma-߃ F√mw Btcm-Ky-
]q¿Æ-am-°pI (A-]v\{- Kmw
kzÿ-{Kmw) F∂ e£y-
tØmsS {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. {][m-
\-s∏´ tI{μ-ßf- n¬ Iq´mb
{]h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n®v XpS°w
Ipdn®p Ign-™p. N¿®m¢mkp-
Iƒ kwLSn-∏n-°pI, tcmK-{]-Xn-
tcm[am¿§-߃ {]N-cn-∏n-°pI,
Btcm-Ky-sØ-°p-dn®v `mc-Xob
ImgvN-∏mSv \¬IpI F∂nh
IqSmsX ÿnc-ambn saUn-°¬
Iymºp-Iƒ hgn tcmK-i-a-\-
Øn\pw Bizm-k-Øn-\pap≈
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-ƒ \S-Øn-h-cp-∂p.
Cu Iq´mbva hgn `mhn-bn¬
Btcm-Ky-cw-KØv Hcp ]pXnb
DW¿hn\v hgn-Im-´p-hm≥ km[n-
°psa∂v hniz-kn-°mw.
{Kma-hn-Imkw
{Kmaky tkh-bm\q\w tkhm-tZ-
iky kn≤Xn
tZi-tk-hmln tZhky tkhmƒ-
{X-]c
- a
- m¿∞Xx
{Kma-tk-h\ - a- mWv tZi-tk-h\w.
tZi-tk-h\ - a- mWv Cuizctkh-
\w. `mc-X-Øn¬ 70% t]¿ {Kma-
Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂p. Km‘n-Pn-
bpsS {Kma-kz-cmPv k¶-ev]hpw
Zo\-Zb
- m¬ D]m-≤ym-bb - psS
GIm-fla - m-\h - Z- ¿i-\hpw `mc-
Xob{Kma-ß-fn-se kz—hpw ]cn-
ip-≤hpw Dujva-f-hp-amb Pohn-
C∂v tIc-f-Øn¬ 27
_me-k-Z-\-ßfpw 17
_men-Im-kZ- \ßfpw 2
_me-_men-Im-kZ- \-
ßfpw {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂p. CXp-Iq-SmsX
\n¿≤-\cpw \ncm-ew-_-
cp-amb AΩam¿
°p≈ tI{μw, am\-kn-
I-hf- ¿® {]m]n-°mØ
B¨Ip-´n-Iƒ°pw
s]¨Ip-´n-Iƒ°p-
ap≈ kZ\w, XpSßn
8 hnti-jÿ - m-]\
- -
ßfpw {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂p-≠v.
X]p\-cm-hn-jvIc - W- Ø - ns‚ Bh-
iy-IX - bn-te-°v hnc¬Nq≠p-∂p.
BtKm-fh - ¬°-cW - Ø - ns‚ X≈n-
°-b‰ - Ø- n¬s]´v {Kmao-WP - \
- X
- -
bpsS PohnXw Zp -l-am-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. {Kma-Øns‚ X\Xp
Irjnbpw Pohn-Xs - si-enbpw
am‰n-a-dn°s∏´v, Ch¿ IS-s°-Wn-
bn¬ Dg-ep-Ibpw Bfl-l-Xy-bn-
te°v \bn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. CsX√mw `mc-Xo-b-aq-ey-ß-
fn¬ \n∂v AI-∂-Xn-\m¬ kw`-
hn-®XmsW∂v ImWp-hm≥
km[n-°pw. {]Ir-Xnsb
\n¿_m[w NqjWw sNøm-sa∂
25
]Sn-™m-d≥ ImgvN-∏mSpw Aan-X-
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 cm-k-h-f-{]-tbmKw aqew `qan- `mc-Xo-bc
- mb P\-߃ cmjv{S- CSp°n Pn√-bpsSbpw Xncp-h-\-
bpsS LS-\-bn¬ h∂ am‰hpw ku-[Ø - ns‚ ASn-°√ - m-bn-Øo-c-- ¥-]pcw Pn√-bp-tSbpw h\m-¥-c-
h≥InS hyh-km-bh - ¬°-c- W-sa∂v ]qP-\ob KpcpPn \sΩ {]-tZ-iß
- f - n¬ \S-Ønb
Whpw {KmaoWPo-hn-XsØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. `mc-X-Øn¬ kº¿°-]-cn-]m-Snbn¬ AØcw
Xmdp-am-dm-°n-°f
- ™p. CXn\v P\-kw-Jy-bpsS ]Ip-Xn-tbmfw taJ-e-I-fn¬ tkh\w FØn-
{]Xn-hn[n Ht∂ D≈q. {Kma-ß- kv{XoP-\ß - f - m-Wv. cmjv{S-\n¿Ωm- t°≠ Bh-iy-IX sXfn-™p-
fpsS X\n-a -\n-e-\n-dpØn {]Ir- W-Øn¬ Ah¿°pw ]¶v hln- h∂p. Iq´m-bva-h-gn BZ¿iw
Xn°v CW-ßnb Pohn-Xc - o-Xnbpw t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ]pcp-j-∑msc Dƒs°m≠v {]h¿Øn°m≥
Irjn-k{- º-Zm-bhpw \S-∏n-em°n At]-£n®v kv{XoIƒ°v kwth- k∂-≤c - mb s]¨Ip-´n-
{Kma-ßsf kzmh-ew-_Ø - n-te°v Z\w IqSp-Xe - mWv. tkhm-cw-KØv Iƒ°mbn 1990¬ Hcp {]in-
\bn-°pI. kwL-Øns‚ imc-Zm-tZ-hnbpw knÿ \nth-Zn- £Win_ncw \SØn CØcw
BZysØ {Kma-hn-Im-ke - £yw Xbpw amXr-Im-cXv\ß - f - m-bn-cp- taJ-eI-fn-te°v \ntbm-Kn-®p.
1000 {Kma-ßsf amXr-Im-]c - a
- mb ∂p. tUmIvS¿Pn-bpsS P∑-iX - m- F√m-h¿jhpw 10-˛15 s]¨Ip-´n-
{]h¿Ø-\w hgn kmº-Øn- _vZn-tbmSv A\p-_-‘n®v 1970¬ Iƒ kam-Pt- k-h\ - Ø
- n-\mbn
Ihpw kzbw-]-cym-]vX-X-bp-ap-≈-
Xm-°n-Øo¿°pI F∂XmWv.
CXns‚ {]h¿Ø\w 2005 ¬
XpS-ßn. Ct∏mƒ 300 Hmfw {Kma-
߃ CØ-c-Ønep≈ hnIm-k-
{]-{In-b-bpsS ]mX-bn-em-Wv. CXn-
\mbn \S-Ønb in_n-c-ß-f-n-
se√mw Xs∂ P\-ßfpsS
{]mXn-\n-[yhpw kl-I-c-Whpw
sIm≠v C∂v tIc-fØ - n¬
[mcmfw {Kma-߃ CØ-cØ - n-
ep≈ hnIm-k-{]-{In-bbn¬ ]¶m-
fn-bmbn {Kma-ßsf kap-≤-cn®
ImgvN t{]c-Wm-P\-Ia - m-Wv.
tkhm-{h-Xn-kw-ÿm≥
(-tI-cf
- w)

26 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v


Xøm-dm-bn-h-cp∂ ImgvN tim`-\-
amb Hcp `mhn-bn-te°v hnc¬
Nq≠p-∂p. C∂v GI-tZiw 150
Hmfw tkhm-{h-Xn-Iƒ kam-Pt- k-
h-\Ø- n-\mbn Cd-ßn-Øn-cn-®X- m-
bn- Im-Wmw. 3˛8 h¿jsØ
tkh-\-Øn\v tijw Ch¿
IpSpw-_P - o-hn-XØnte°p
t]mIp-Ibpw, AXn¬ Nne¿
tkh-\c - w-KØ
XpS¿∂p{]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-h-cp-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈
tkhm-{h-Xn-Iƒ°mbn 2005 ¬
tkhm-{h-Xn-kw-ÿm≥ (tI-cf - w)
F∂ Hcp kwL-S\ \ne-hn¬
h∂p. Htc ka-bØv GI-tZiw
30 tkhm-{h-XnIƒ Ct∏mƒ
kam-Pt- k-hm-cw-KØv {]tim-`n-
°p-∂X - mbn ImWmw.
i_-cn-ae Aø-∏t- khm-
k-amPw
i_-cn-a-e-bn¬ Z¿i-\-Øn\v
FØp∂ tImSn°W-°n\v
Aø-∏-∑m¿°v tkh\w FØn-
°p-I-sb∂ e£y-hp-ambn 2008
¬ XpS-ßnb Cu {]ÿm\w
C∂v kam-Pt- k-h\ - Ø
- ns‚
henb IpXn-∏n-em-Wv. B{‘,
I¿Æm-SI - , Xan-gv\m-Sv, tIcfw
F∂o kwÿm-\ß - ƒ tI{μo-I-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
ambncp∂p.
kzm{i-bk
- w-Lß
- ƒ
kwL-S-\, kwkvImcw, kzmh-ew-
_\w (km-ºØ - n-Iw) F∂o
aq∂v _nμp-°-ƒ ASn-ÿm-\-
am°n {]h¿Øn-°p∂ kzm{i-b-
kw-L-߃ a‰p kzm{i-b-kw-L-
ßsf At]-£n®v hyXy-kvX-
amWv., kwL-S\ - b
- n¬
kmwkvImcn {]{Inb \S-°p-∂-Xn-
\m-epw kpkw-L-Sn-X-amb kwL-
S\mssh`hw sXfn-bn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂-
Xn-\mepw Cu kwL-S-\-Iƒ
kam-Pt- _m[w ssIsh-Sn-bp-∂n-√
F∂p ImWmw. AXn\v DZm-l-c-
W-amWv CØcw kwL-S\ - I
- ƒ
tkh-\-cw-KØpw henb \ne-
bn¬ {]-h¿Øn°p∂p F∂-Xv.
kv{XoI-fptSbpw ]pcp-j∑ - m-cp-
tSbpw CS-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂
CØcw kwL-S-\-Iƒ hgn
[mcmfw IpSpw_߃ kzm{i-b-
cm-bn-am-dnbn´p≠v. kz¥w {Kma-
Ønte°v th≠ Dev]-∂-߃
\n¿Ωn-°p-I-hgn kaq-l-Ønse
Xn∑-Iƒs°-Xnsc {]Xn-I-cn-°p-
`mc-Xo-b-cmb P\-߃ cmjv{S-ku-[-Øns‚
ASn-°-√m-bn-Øo-cW -- -sa∂v ]qP-\ob KpcpPn
\sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. `mc-X-Øn¬ P\-
kw-Jy-bpsS ]Ip-Xn-tbmfw kv{XoP-\-ß-fm-
Wv. cmjv{S-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ Ah¿°pw ]¶v
hln-t°-≠X - p-≠v. ]pcp-j∑ - msc At]-£n®v
kv{XoIƒ°v kwth-Z\w IqSp-X-emWv.
cn®v \S-Øp∂ amXr-Im-]c - a
- mb ∂-Xp-hgn, CØcw kwL-S-\-I-ƒ
{]h¿Ø\w Aø-∏-∑m-cp-tSbpw kam-PØ- n\v Znim-hn-f°
- mbn
kam-PØ - n-t‚bpw {]iw-kbv°v amdp∂ ImgvN \mw ImWp-∂p.
hgn-sbm-cp-°n. tIc-f-Øn¬ Fcp-
ta-en, Iq\w-Ic (s]-cn-\m-Sv), k£a
k∂n-[m\w XpSßn 52 (tkhm- ka-ZrjvSn £aXm hnImkv
tI-{μ-ßfnembn) Cu h¿jw aWvU¬ (k-£-a) F∂ t]cn¬
tkh-\-cw-KØv kam-Pw -ap-t∂‰w C∂v Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ kwL-S\
\S-Øn. 2010se aWvUe aI-c- 2008 emWv tIc-fØ
- n¬
hn-f°v ImeØv 6 e£w Aø-∏- {]h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n-®-Xv. AXn\v
∑m¿°v kuP-\y-`£ - Ww apºv ZrjvSn-lo≥ Ieym¨kwLv
\¬Ip-Ib - p-≠m-bn. IqSmsX F∂ t]cn¬ A‘¿°mbn
k∂n-[m-\sØ kuP\y hncn- {]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ kwL-S\,
h∏v XpSßn A∂-Zm-\hpw kaq-lØ - n¬ AwK-ssh-Ieyw
hncnbpw am¿§-Z¿i-\-hpw Aø-∏- _[n-c-X, aqIX XpS-ßnbh
∑m-cpsS IjvS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ°v Hcp _m[n-®-htcbpw Dƒs∏-SpØn
27
]cn-[n-hsc henb klmb-Ic- k£a F∂ t]cn¬
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

{]h¿Ø\w XpS-ßn. C∂v Cu
kwL-S\ CØ-cØ - n¬ D≈-
h¿°v kzm{i-bXzw t\Sn-s°m-Sp-
°p-h-m\mbn ]e {]mtbm-KnI
]≤-Xn-Ifpw \S-∏n-em-°n-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p≠v. "`‡-kq¿Zmkv
`P-\a
- W
- vUe- n'-bn¬ 100¬]cw
Iem-Im-c∑- m¿ C∂v tIc-fØ - nse
hnhn[ kwKo-X-k-Z- p-Isf
[\y-am-°m-dp-≠v.- Iq-SmsX -sXm-
gn¬]cn-io-e\w hgn Chsc
kzmh-ew-_-\-Øn-te°v \bn-
°phm\pw cmjv{S-Øns‚ Acp-a-
k-¥m-\-ß-fm°n am‰p-hm\pw
km[n-®p. Iq-SmsX t\{X-Zm-\w,
hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°p≈ {]t_m-
[\w XpSßn \nc-h[n Imcy-
ßfpw \S-∂p-h-cp-∂p.
28 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
hniz-ln-μp-]c
- n-jØv
"\ lnμp ]XntXm `thXv' F∂
B]vX-hmIyhpambn {]h¿Øn-
°p∂ kwL-S\ tkh-\-cw-KØv
hfscb-[nIw apt∂m´v
t]mIp∂p F∂ ImgvN ImWmw.
C∂v 7 _me-k-Z-\-ß-fnepw 5
_men-I-k-Z-\-ß-fn-ep-ambn Ai-
c-W-cmb 307 Ip´n-Iƒ°v
amXrXzw \¬In ]cn-c-£n-°p-
∂p≠v. ]cn-j-Øns‚ 58 t£{X-
ß-fn¬ Znh-tk\ A∂-Zm\w \S-
°p-∂p-. 350 GIm-≤ym-]-I-hn-Zym-
e-b-߃, Hcp hr≤-k-Z-\w, 3
kwkvIr-Xk - vIqƒ, Huj-[t- Xm-´-
߃, kuP-\y-\n-ba - k
- l
- m-bt- h-
Zn, Iw]yq-´¿ ]T-\-tI-{μw, 10
_enX¿∏WtI-{μ-߃
Iu¨kn-enwKv tI{μ-߃
XpSßn \nc-h[n tkhm-Im-cy-
߃ hn.-F-®v.-]n. \S-Øn-h-cp∂p.
Aø-∏t- k-hm-ka- m-PØ
- n-\mbn
\nc-h[n ]®-°-dn-tXm-´-߃
D≠m°n aWvUe-Im-eØv ]®-
°dn kuP-\y-am-bn FØn-°pI
F∂ ZuXy 2 h¿j-ambn \S-
Øn-h-cp∂p≠v.
tIcf t£{X-kw-c£
- -
W-ka
- nXn
"Ah-\h - \
- m-flk - p-JØ- n-\m-Nc- n-
°p-∂h, A]-c\v kpJ-Øn-
\mbn hcWw' F∂ {io\m-cm-b-
W-Kp-cp-tZ-hs‚ samgn
{]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-hm≥ kanXn
sNøp∂ {]h¿Ø\w C∂v
AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´p-I-gn-™p. aXw
hy‡n-K-X-amWv F¶n-epw Z¿i-\-
߃ kmaq-ly-\oXn°mbn tIgp-
∂p. `K-hZ- vKo-Xb- n¬ {ioIr-jvW-
`-K-hm≥ KoX D]-tZ-in-°p-tºmƒ
]d-bp-∂Xv \ΩpsS tZlw
t£{X-am°n kam-PØ - n\v
th≠n {]h¿Øn-°pI F∂-m-Wv.
tZl-hpw, a\- pw, _p≤n-bpw,
hm°pw {]hrØn-bp-sa√mw Ah-
\-h-\nepw F√m Poh-Pm-e-ß-
fnepw IpSn-sIm-≈p∂ ssNX-\y-
Øn\v th≠n-bm-h-Ww. kan-Xn-
bpsS {]h¿Ø\w hy‡n-KX
aX-hn-izm-k-Øn\p am{X-a-√,
kam-PsØ kwkvIm-c] - q¿Æ-
ambn apt∂m´p \bn-°p-∂p
F∂pw ImWmw. C∂v 300 Hmfw
t£{X-ßf - n¬ kmaqly Bcm-
[\ hgn kaq-l-t_m[w D≠m-
°p∂p. 142 ÿe-ß-fn¬ k’w-
K-߃, Syqj≥ sk‚-dp-Iƒ, aX-
]m-T-imeIƒ XpSßn \nc-h-[n
tkhm-Im-cy-ßfpw \S-Øn-hc - p-
∂p.
h\-hmkn
Ieym-Wm-{iaw
h\-hmkn ktlmZ-c∑ - m-cpsS
D∂-Xn-°mbn AJn-e` - m-cX
- o-b-
ambn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ Cu
kwL-S\ 1979 ¬ tIc-f-Øn¬
{]h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n-®p. 47 GIm-
≤ym-]-I-hn-Zym-e-b-ßfpw 4 h\-
hm-kn-tlm-ÃepIfpw Hcp hnZym-
e-bhpw CXns‚ Iogn¬
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
hnth-Im-\μ saUn-°¬
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
anj≥ tlmkv]n-‰¬
hb-\mSv
1972 ¬ {]h¿Ø\w Bcw`n®p
Cu Bip-]{Xn C∂v hb-\m-
´nse h\-hm-kn-I-fpsS Btcm-Ky-
cw-KsØ Hcp `mK-ambn amdn
F∂v thWw ]d-bp-hm≥.
Zn\w{]Xn 250 tcmKn-Iƒ°v
Bizmkw \¬Ip∂p. 6 D]-tI-
{μ-ß-ƒ hgn hb-\mSv Pn√-bnse
]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v h\-hm-kn-
Iƒ°v klmbw FØn-°p-hm≥
km[n-®p. Ign™ h¿jw 364
saUn-°¬ Iymºp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-
∏n-®p. 65000 e[nIw t]¿ Bip-
]-{Xn-bn¬ NnIn-’°v FØn.
kzmÿy an{i ]cn-]m-Sn- hgn
Pn√-bnse 18 ]©m-b-ØpIfpw
Hcp ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰nbpw Bip-]-
{Xn-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ta-J-e-bn¬
hcp-∂p. kn°nƒ Unko-kv,
£btcmK-\n-hm-c-Ww, s]bn≥ &
]men-tb-‰ohv NnIn’ F∂o
tcmK-ß-fn¬ \S-Ønb {]h¿Ø-
\-߃ «mLn-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib
- p-≠m-
bn. TIDE F∂ kwL-S-\-bpsS
Iogn¬ 100 {KmaoW hnZym-tI-{μ-
߃ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p≠v. h\-
hm-kn-ta-J-e-bn¬ 49 kzm{ib
tI{μ-߃ {]h¿Øn-°p--∂p≠v.
kzman hnth-Im-\μ
saUn-°¬ anj≥,
A´-∏mSn
]me-°mSv Pn√-bnse A´-∏mSn
dh\yq tªm°n¬ GI-tZiw
30000 Hmfw hcp∂ h\-
hmknktlm-Zc - ∑- m-cpsS
BtcmKy]cn-c£ e£y-am°n
2002 ¬ Bcw-`n-®p. B[p-\nI
et_m-d-´dn, C.-kn.-Pn. XpSß-
ßnb kuI-cy-ßfpw ssK\-
t°m-fP- n, inip-tcm-Kh- n-ZK
- v≤c
- psS
tkh-\w, am\-knIsshI-ey-
ap≈hcpsS NnIn’ XpSßn
Hcp ]q¿W-kw-hn-[m\w Chn-sS-
bp-≠v. samss_¬ saUn-°¬
bqWn-‰p-Iƒ h\-hmkntaJ-e-I-
fn¬ t]mbn saUn-°¬ Iymºp-
Iƒ \S-Ønhcp-∂p. ]meq¿
saUn-°¬ sk‚-dn¬ amk-
Øn¬ Hcn-°¬ tUmIvS¿am¿
h∂v 15 tImf-\n-I-fnse tcmKn-
Isf NnIn-’n-°p-∂p. kzmkvYy-
an{Xw F∂ ]cn-]mSn hgn ]cn-
ioe\w e`n® 40 t]¿ tImf-\n-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
I-fn¬ Btcm-Ky-t_m-[-
h¬°cWw \S-Øp-∂p≠v. amXr-
in-ip-°ƒ°v th≠n IÆv ]cn-
tim-[\- , lrZb]cn-tim-[\
XpSßn hnZKv≤ ]cn-tim-[-\-
bv°mbn amkw-tXmdpw saUn-
°¬ Iymºp-Iƒ \S-Øn-h-cp∂p.
Ign™ h¿jw GI-tZiw 60000
t]¿ Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ NnIn-
’°v FØn F∂Xv {]h¿Ø-
\-Øns‚ hnim-e-`m-hsØ kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂p.
_me-tKm-Ipew
Ip´n-If
- psS kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw
B≤ym-fln-I-hp-amb hf¿®-
bv°mbn Ign™ 35 h¿j-ambn
{]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂ _me-tKm-
Ipew C∂v tIc-fob P\-X-bpsS
lrZ-bØ - n¬ {]Xn-jvTn-°s - ∏-´p-I-
gn™p. {ioIr-jvWP - b
- ¥
- n-tbm-Sv-
A-\p-_-‘-n®v e£-°-W-°n\v
_me-_m-enIam¿ tim`m-bm-{X-I-
fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ ImgvN tIc-
fsØ ]pf-Iw-sIm-≈n-°m-dp-≠v.
{]Xn-hmc ¢mkp-I-fn¬ \n∂v e-
`n-°p∂ kmwkvImcnI hnZym-
`ymkhpw t\Xr-Xz-Kp-W-hpw Cu
_me-_m-en-Ia - msc cmjv{S-
Øns‚ D∂X]uc-∑m-cm°pw
F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
{ioIrjvW - `- K
- h - ms\ BZ¿i-]p-
cp-j-\mbn I≠phf-cp∂ Ch¿
`mhn-X-e-ap-dsb `mkp-c-am-°pw.
kw-LØ - n¬\n∂v {]tNm-Z\w
e`n®v {]h¿Øn-°p∂ {]ÿm-\-
ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ Iq-Sp-
X-embn {Kma-{Km-am-¥c
- ß
- f
- nse
km[m-cW kzbw-tk-hI - ¿
sNøp∂ Imcy-ßsf IqSn hne-
bn-cp-Øn-bm¬ am{Xta Nn{Xw
]q¿Øo-Ic - n-°s
- ∏-Sp-Ib
- p-≈q.
\n»-_vZ-ambn ]c-ky-an-√msX,
hm¿Ø-b-dn-bn-°msX \nc-h[n
tkh-\-Im-cy-߃ \S-∂p-h-cp-
∂p≠v. hnZym-`ym-kc- w-KØv
Syqj≥sk‚¿, kvtImf¿jn∏v
XpS-ßnbhbpw Btcm-Ky-cw-KØv
t_m[-h¬°-cWw apX¬ amc-I-
tcmKw _m[n-®-h-cpsS ]q¿W
BtcmKyNpa-X-e-hsc Gs‰-Sp-
°p∂ imJ-Iƒ \nc-h-[n-bmWv.
hoSv \∂m-°¬, hoSv h®p-sIm-Sp-
°¬, sNdp-InS hyh-km-b-kw-cw-
`-߃ XpS߬ hnhn[ kzmh-
ew-_\Imcy-߃ F∂n-h-
sb√mw \S-∂p-h-cp-∂p.
kmwkvIm-cnI-cwKsØ
AΩamcpsS Iq´mbva hgn
kw’w-Kw, hnf-°v ]qP, aZy-Øn-
s\-Xn-cmb {]t_m-[\w XpSßn
\nc-h[n Imcy-߃ \S-°p-
∂p≠v. ]pcp-j-∑m-cpsS Iq´m-bva-
bn-eqsS kzbw-sXm-gn¬ Is≠-
ج XpS-ßnb {]{InbIfpw
\S∂ph-cp-∂p. sNdpXpw hep-
Xp-amb 7500 Hmfw tkhm-Im-cy-
߃ kwL-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ Ign-
™-h¿jw tIcfØn¬ \SØn
F∂Xv kam-Pt- _m-[Ø - ns‚
Hcp {]Xn-_nw-_-ambn am{Xta
ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-Ib - p-≈q.
B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. {]m¥ob tkhm-
{]-ap-JmWv teJ-I≥.
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 29
 Rm≥ F¥mhWw?
A°nØw

⁄m\-]oT ]pc-kvImc kan-Xn-bpsS aq¿ØnkΩm≥

Ahm¿Un-\¿l\mb alm-I-hn-bpsS Hcp Hm¿Ω-°p-dn∏v
hep-Xm-bm¬ B\-°m-c\- m-h-
W; shfn-®∏ - m-Sm-hWw Cß-s\-
sbms° sNdp-∏-Øn¬ B{K-ln-
®n-cp-∂-hsc F\n°-dnbmw.
F\n°pw Fs¥-¶nepw B{K--l-
ap-≠m-bn-cpt∂m?
Znh-kß
- f
- mbn Rm≥ CXp Xs∂
kwtim-[n-°p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-∂p.
H‰ DØ-c-amWv Ft∏mgpw e`n-®-
Xv. Fs‚ sNdp-∏-sa∂v ]d-bp-
∂Xv aq∂p hb- p-hsc
]nt∂m´p t]mhp-∂p. A∂p-ap-
X¬ ]Xn-aq∂p hb p Ign-bp-∂-
Xp-h-scbpw F\n°v B coXn-bn-
ep≈ taml-ßs - fm-∂p-ap-≠m-bn-
cp-∂n-√. ]Xn-s\m∂mw hb- n¬
C.-Fw. i¶-c≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-
Sns‚ "tkmjy-enkw F¥n\v?'
F∂ teJ\w hmbn-®p.
GXm≠v Bbn-sS-Xs∂ kn.
ANyp-Xt- a-t\ms‚ "tkmhn-b-
‰v\mSv' F∂v ]pkvXIhpw hmbn-
°p-hm≥ CS-bm-bn. B A\p-`-h-
߃°p-tijw a\ v am\p-jy-
IsØ ]‰n-bp≈ Nn¥-I-fp-
W¿Øn F∂p Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
Iqtd-°qSn \√, Pohn-X-hyam-b,
Hcp am\p-jy-I-ap-≠m-hm≥ Fs‚
AkvXnXzw {]tbm-P\ - s
- ∏-Sp-tØ-
≠-Xm-sW∂pw tXm∂p-Ib - p-≠m-
bn. an¯p-Wn-bn sXmgp-ssI-
tbm-sS-bp≈ ]√p-t]mb Km‘n-
bpsS Nn{Xw Rm≥ Agn-bn-t∑¬
]Xn®p h®p.
]t£, Rm≥ F¥m-h-Ww?
AYhm Fs¥-¶nepw Bh-
Wtam? Cu Nn¥-Iƒ°v hy‡-
amb kqN-\-Iƒ AXn-\p-apºv
t^mt´m: cmtPjv NmtemSv Hcn-°epw F\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√

30
F∂p Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
F¥m-WX - n\v Imc-Ws - at∂m?
Fs∂ kw_-‘n-®n-St- Ømfw
aq∂p-ap-X¬ ]Xn-aq∂p hb- n-\n-
S-bv°p≈ Imew hf-sc-b[ - nIw
[rXn-]n-Sn-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. "Acp-Xp--
I-fpsS Hcp h√mØ temIw.
Rm≥ F¥m-hW - w, F¥m-h≠
Fs∂ms° \n›-bn-®Xpw AXn-
\-\p-k-cn®v Fs∂ \nb-{¥n-
®Xpw Imc-W-h-∑m-cm-Wv. Ah-
cpsS \nb-{¥-W-∏Sn \S-°m≥
\t∂ hnj-a-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
¶nepw B \nb-{¥-W-߃
F\n°v hfsc Bizm-k-I-c-amb
Hcp Zn\-N-cy t\Sn-Ø-∂ncp∂p
F∂p ]d-bmsX hø. sh≈
Iodp-∂-Xn\p apºv DW¿∂m¬
cm{Xn IÆ-Sb - v°p-∂X- p-hsc
Hmtcm \nan-jhpw I¿Ω-\n-_-≤-
am-bn-cp-∂p. B I¿Ω-_-≤-X-°n-S-
bn¬ Hcp \nan-j-sa-¶nepw
\n¬°m≥, Rm≥ F¥m-h-W-
sa∂v kzbw \nb-{¥n-°m≥ ka-
btam kzmÿytam ss[cytam
Bh-iytam D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
s\øpw A-jvS-Nq¿Whpw IqSn
Ipg-®p-cp-fs - Im≠v Ip™n-Ir-
jvWs\ hbv°p-Ibpw Np‰pw
ssXcp Iq´n Dcp-fI - ƒsIm≠v
tKm]-∑msc hbv°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-sIm-≠m-cw-`n-®n-cp∂ B
Znh-kß - ƒ°v XnI™ BÀm-Z-
I-cX- b
- p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
apºp Rm≥ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
Gtgm Ft´m hb- n¬ Nn{Xw
hc-®p; XpS¿∂p≈ h¿j-ß-fn¬
A£-ct- «m-I˛- a- p-Ø» - n-bpsS ˛
k√m-]-ß-fn¬ apgpIn t£{X-
Øn¬ sXmgp-Xp. hni∂p hcp-
tºmƒ "Acp-Xp-Iƒ' ewLn®v
]d-¶n-am-ß-bpsS Nmdv Nh-®n-d-
°n. Kpcp-hm-bq-c-∏s\ Ipdn®v
{kKv[c - b
- ntem im¿Zq-eh - n{Io-Un-
X-Øntem t«mI-ßs - f-gpXn
sX°n-\n-tb-SØ - Ω - s
- b ImWn-®-
t∏mƒ Ah¿ B›-cy-s∏-´p."-C-
Xn\v \m°p-‰-s∏-Sm-™m¬ aXn-
bm-bn-cp∂p.' F∂p {]m¿Yn-®p.
CXn-\¿∞w AΩ-bv°p-t]mepw
Rm≥ \∂m-hW - s
- a-∂√ - msX,
C∂-thjw [cn®v Pohn-X\ - m-SI
- -
am-SW
- s
- a∂v hmin-bp-≠m-bn-cp-
∂n√ F∂m-Wt- √m. tUmŒ-dm-h-
W-sat∂m F©n-\o-bd - m-hW- -
sat∂m aI-t\m-Sp-]t- Z-in-°-
Ø° B[p-\n-I-Xbpw Fs‚
AΩ-bv°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√
]t£ A—\pw hen-b-—\pw ]c-
ta-iz-c≥ apØ-^\pw, F\n°v
\mep hb- p-≈-t∏mƒ Xs∂
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
acn-®p-t]mb C´ncn apØ-^\p
Xs∂bpw Ip´≥ Bcm-hW - s
- a∂
Imcy-Øn¬ A`n-{]m-ba - p-≠m-bn-cp-
∂n-cn-°W- w. AXp-sIm-≠m-
Wt√m Ah¿ "Acp-Xp'-I-sf-
s°m≠v Fs‚ Np‰pw
thensI´n-b-Xv. A—s‚
B{Klw F¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
kwkvIr-X-]-T\w XpS-ßnb ImeØv Aa-c-tIm-i-hp-
ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-t∏m-gmWv IhnX hfsc
Ffp-∏-ambn tXm∂m≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xv. hrØ-a-RvP-cn,
tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw F∂o ]pkvXI-ß-fp-ambn
DSs\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´p. [mcmfw Ihn-X-Iƒ t\m´p-]p-kvX-
I-ß-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-h-®p. BZyw t\m´p-]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬
FgpXn h® IY-Ifpw \mS-I-ß-fp-sa√mw
X´n≥]p-d-Øp-sIm≠p s]mXn-™p-sI-´nh-®p.
kv]„-am-Wv. c≠paq∂v A[ym-]-
I-sc sh®v \me-c-s°m-√-tØmfw
Fs∂ HmØp-sNm-√n-°p-Ibpw
hm[ym¿{]-hrØn°v CFw-F  - n-
s‚ C√-amb Gew-Ipfw a\-bv°-
e-S°w Nne {]tXyI Krl-ß-fn-
te°v Fs∂ Ab®p XpS-ßp-
Ibpw sNbvX At±-lØ - ns‚
Bi Rms\mcp thZ-hnØpw
]ptcm-ln-X\- p-am-hW
- s
- a-∂m-bn-cp-
∂p. aq°p-X-e-hm-c-Øn\pw IS-h-
√q¿ At\ym-\y-Øn\pw Fs∂
sIm≠p-t]m-hp∂ Imcy-Øn¬
A—≥ Af-h‰ IuXpIw
{]Z¿in-∏n-®p. aq°pXe-bv°p≈
A©p \mgn-Ibpw, IS-h-
√q¿°p≈ Ggp-\m-gn-Ibpw
Fs‚ Ip™n-°m-ep-sIm≠v
Af∂pX≈nb Znh-kß - f- n¬
Ac-bnse henb ap≠n\p
]pdsa Fs‚ ico-csØ Ae-¶-
cn-°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv tXmfsØ
tXm¿Øp-ap≠v am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ aI≥ Hcp HmØ\pw
]ptcm-ln-X\ - p-am-bm¬ am{Xw
t]mcm F∂v A—≥ hnNm-cn-®-Xp-
sIm-≠mWv NßX Ign™-
t∏mƒ˛ ]Xn-aq-∂c hb- v˛Fs∂
kwkvIr--X] - T - \
- Ø
- nte°v Xncn-
®p-hn-´Xv. BZyw IqS-√q¿ Kpcp-Ip-
e-Ønepw ]n∂oSv ]I-cm-hq¿
Kpcp-Ip-e-Ønepw Imhy-im-kv{X-
߃ A∏Sn ]Tn-∏n-®p-d-∏n-®n-
cp∂ Fs‚ A—\v X\n-°p≈
kwkvIr-X] - m-finXyw aI\pw
D≠mtb Ign-bq F∂ Bi-bp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnti-jn-®v, aI≥
tPymXnjw ]Tn-°W - s
- a∂pw
A—≥ Bin-®n-cp-∂p. kwkvIr-
X-hn-Zym-`ymkw aq∂p-amkw Ign-
™-t∏m-tgbv°pw tPymXn-j-
Øns‚ {]mY-anI ]mT-߃ IqSn
Hc-\p-]mTw F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]Tn-
∏n-°-W-sa∂v Fs‚ Kpcp-hm-bn-
cp∂ sImS-bv°m´v i¶pÆn \ºo-
i-t\mSv A—≥ ]d-™Xv C∂pw
Hm¿°p-∂p. DSs\ Xs∂ AXm-
cw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
F∂m¬ kwkvIr-Xhpw tPymXn-
j-hp-sam∂pw As∂-\n-°d - n-™n-
√. ]Tn-°m≥ F\n°v taml-ap-
≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Cw•ojmWv.
Cw•ojp ]Tn-®mte Pohn-°m≥
]‰qsh∂v F\n°p tXm∂n-bn-cp-
∂p. Aº-e-Ønse Ipf-°-S-hn¬
Ipfn-°p∂Xn-Sb - n¬ IqsS h∂v
Ipfn-®n-cp∂ {]mb-°q-Sp-X-ep≈
kvIqƒ Ip´n-Iƒ s]s´∂v Ah-
cpsS kw`m-jWw Cw•o-jn-
tebv°v am‰p-∂Xv Fs∂ I_-fn-
∏n-°m-\m-sW∂v ]e XhW
tXm∂n-bn-´p-≠.v
F¶nepw Rms\-¥m-hW - w,
F¥m-bn-°qSm Fs∂m∂pw
A°m-eØv F\n°v cq]-ap-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√. Rms\mcp hnUvVn-
bm-sW-∂m-bn-cp∂p kl-]m-Tn-
Ifpw Hc-f-thmfw {]mbw sN∂-
hcpw hnNm-cn-°p-Ibpw Iptds»
]-d-bpI Xs∂bpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-
Xv. Ah-cpsS A`n-{]mbw icn-bm-
sW∂v F\n°pw tXm∂n-bn-cp-
∂p. AXn-\m¬ henb A]-I-S-
sam-∂p-an-√msX Znh-kß - f- tßm´v
\oßn-°n-´W - sat∂ F\n-°p-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Hmtcm Znh-k-
Øn-s‚bpw Npa-en¬ At{X-bsd
`mcn® Zn\-Nc - y-If
- mWp≠m-bn-cp-
∂-X.v
Hcp hnUvVn `mhnbn¬ Xms\-
¥m-I-W-sa∂v hn`m-h\w sNøm-
Ø-Xn¬ Ahs\ Ip‰-s∏SpØn-
°q-St- √m.
31
(tijw t]Pv 39¬)
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 apcfn ]md-∏pdw

tIm¨{K-kns‚
`c-W-IqS `oI-cX
a-lm-flm-Km-‘n- h-[Ø
- n-s‚- tIm¨{K-kn\pw \n¿-_m-[w- A-
D-Øc - h - m-Zn-Øw- B¿-Fk - vF - k - n- [n-Im-c-Øn¬- Xp-S-cm-\p-am-bn.-
\p-ta¬- sI-´n-h-bv-°m≥- P-hl¿-
em¬- s\-lv-dp-hn-s‚- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn- A-[n-Im-cw- hn-s´m-gn-bm≥- \n¿-_-
ep-≈- tIm¨-{K-kv- `-c-W-Iq-Sw- ‘n-Xa - m-b- {_n-´o-jv- `-cW
- I - q-S-
{iaw \-SØ - n-bX - v- C-¥ym-Nc - n-{X- Øn-\pw Xp-S¿-∂v- A-[n-Im-c-ta-‰-
Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- Kq-Vm- tIm¨-{K-kv `c-W-Iq-S-Ønse- Nn-
tem-N\ - I - f - n-sem-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- e¿-°pw- ]-¶p-s≠-∂v- I-cp-Xm-hp-
B¿-Fk - vF - k - n-\v- Cu- Zp-jvI - r-Xy- ∂- I-s≠-Ø-ep-I-fn¬- Nn-e- N-cn-
Øn¬- ]-¶n-s√-∂v- B-`y-¥-c-a- {X-Kt- h-jI - ¿- FØn-t®¿∂n´p-
{¥nbm-bn-cp-∂- k¿-Zm¿- h-√-`-`m- ≠v.- Km-‘n-h-[-Øn-\v- sXm-´p-ap-
bn- ]-t´¬- ]-e-h-´w- F-gp-Xn-bn-´pw- ºp-≈- Im-e-bfhn¬- L-m-X-I-\m-
{]-[m-\-a-{¥n- s\-lv-dp- k-Xy-Øn- b- \m-Yp-dmw- tKm-Uv-sk- \-bn-®n-
s‚ t\sc I-Æ-S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp- cp-∂- B¿-`m-S-]q¿-W-am-b- Po-hn-
∂p.- k¿-°m¿- X-s∂- \n-tbm-Kn-®- Xw,- tKm-Uv-sk-°v- ]p-d-sa- a-s‰m-
A-t\z-jW - I - Ω- o-j≥ (I-]q¿ cm-fpw- Km-‘n-P-nbp-sS- t\¿-°v- sh-
IΩo-j≥-˛1966-˛69) Km-‘n-h[ - - Sn-bp-Xn¿-Øp-sh-∂- \n-K-a-\w,- ln-
Øn¬- B¿-Fk - vF- k - n-\v- bm-sXm- μn-bn-tem- Cw-•o-jn-tem- X-øm-dm-
cp- ]-¶p-ans√-∂v- hy-‡-am-°n-- dn- °p-Is - b-∂- Aw-Ko-Ir-Xc - o-Xn-°v-
t∏m¿-´v- \¬-In-bn-´pw- tIm¨-{K-kv- ]-I-cw- A-[n-I-am¿-°pw- a-\- n-em-
`-cW- I - q-Sß - ƒ- Zp-j{v- ]-Nm-cW - ß - - Im-Ø- ]m-gv-kn- `m-j-bn-¬- F^v-
fn¬-\n-∂v- ]n-∑m-dnbn√.- cm-jv-{S-hn- sF-B¿ X-øm-dm-°n-bX - v.- C-sXm-
`-P\ - Ø- n-s‚- ]-ivN - m-Øe - Ø- n¬- s°-bm-Wv- Km-‘n-h-[-Øn¬- H-cp-
B¿-F-kv-F-kn-s\-t∏m-se- hn-]p- {_n-´o-j˛v- tIm¨-{K-kv- Kq-Vm-tem-
e-am-b- kw-LS- \ - m-ti-jn-bpw- P-\-
Io-b-]n-¥p-W-bp-ap-≈- H-cp- {]-
ÿm-\-sØ- kz-X-{¥-am-bn- {]-h¿-
Øn-°m≥- A-\p-h-Zn-®m¬- X-ß-fp-
sS- A-[n-Im-c-e-_v-[n-°p-- `o-j-Wn-
bm-Ipsa-∂v- s\-lv-dp- k¿-°m¿-
Xn-cn-®-dn-™-Xn-s‚- ^-e-am-bn-cp-
∂p- C-Xv-.- k-Xyw- ]n-∂o-Sv- sX-fn-
s™-¶n-epw- Zp-cm-tcm-]W - Ø - n-s‚-
\n-g-en-em-°n- \n-tcm-[n-°p-I-h-gn-
B¿-F-kv-F-kn-s\- Hcp ]cn-[n-
hsc A-]-Io¿-Øn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥-
tIm¨-{K-kv- `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-\v- I-gn-
™p.- aq-∂v- ]-Xn-‰-m-≠v- Im-e-
tØm-fw- s\lvdp-hn\pw

32 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

N-\- \S-∂X
- m-bp-≈- kw-ib
- Ø
- n-
\v- ASn-ÿm-\w.-
tKm-Uv-sk-sb- ap≥-\n¿-Øn- Km-
‘n-h-[-sØ- D-]-tbm-Kn-®v- B¿-F-
kv-F-kn-s\-Xn-sc- \-S-Øn-b- `-c-W-
Iq-S- Kq-Vm-tem-N\ - b- p-sS- X-\n-bm-
h-¿-Ø-\-am-Wv- Nn-e- ln-μp-\m-a-[m-
cn-Iƒ- B-tcm-]W - h - n-t[-bc- m-b-
tI-kp-I-fp-sS- Im-cy-Øn¬- A-c-
tß-dp-∂-Xv.- G-I-I-£n- `-c-W-Øn-
s‚- Im-ew-t]m-bn-. ap-∂-Wn-`-c-W-
Øn-eq-sS- t]m-epw- A-[n-Im-c-
Øn¬- Xn-cn-s®-Øm-\m-hn-s√-∂v-
h-∂t- Xm-sS-bm-Wv- ln-μp-Xz-˛tZ-io-
b- {]-ÿm-\-ß-sf- A-]-Io¿-
Øns∏SpØn a-X-]-c-am-b- hn-`-P-
\-Øn-eq-sS- cm-jv{- So-b- t\-´a- p-≠m-
°m≥- tIm¨-{K-kv- {i-an-°p-∂-Xv.-
Atbm[ym `oXn
Atbm[ym tIknse Ae-l-
_mZv sslt°m-SXnhn[n AwKo-
a-μncw "XI¿Ø-Xns\' \ymbo-I- kns‚ {]Xn-I-c-Whpw hn[n
cn-°p-∂n-s√∂pw AXn-\m¬ "X- kzoI-cn-°m≥ _lp-`q-cn-]£w
I¿-Ø-hsc'- in£n-°p-sa∂pw ap…o-ßfpw ImWn® k∂-≤-
]m¿-´n- A-[y-£- tkmWnb Xbpw tIm¨{K-kns\ h√msX
{]Jym-]n-®X- mWv taml-`w-KØ
- n-em-gvØn.
tIm¨{Kkns‚ ZpjvSe - m°v F- Atbm[ym tIknse hn[n
s¥-∂v- Is≠-Øm-\p≈ Ffp-∏- {]Jym-]\w Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw
Pb-Øn-s‚bpw tXm¬hn-bp-
Km-‘n-h-[-Øn-\v- sXm-´p-ap-ºp-≈- Im-e-bfhn¬- L-m-X-I-
\m-b- \m-Yp-dmw- tKm-Uv-sk- \-bn-®n-cp-∂- B¿-`m-S-]q¿-W-
am-b- Po-hn-Xw,- tKm-Uv-sk-°v- ]p-d-sa- a-s‰m-cm-fpw- Km-
‘n-P-nbp-sS- t\¿-°v- sh-Sn-bp-Xn¿-Øp-sh-∂- \n-K-a-\w,-
ln-μn-bn-tem- Cw-•o-jn-tem- X-øm-dm-°p-I-sb-∂- Aw-Ko-
Ir-X-co-Xn-°v- ]-I-cw- A-[n-I-am¿-°pw- a-\- n-em-Im-Ø-
]m-gv-kn- `m-j-bn-¬- F^v-sF-B¿ X-øm-dm-°n-b-Xv.- C-
sXm-s°-bm-Wv- Km-‘n-h-[-Øn¬- H-cp- {_n-´o-jv-˛tIm¨-
{K-kv- Kq-Vm-tem-N-\- \S-∂-Xm-bp-≈- kw-i-b-Øn-\v-
ASn-ÿm-\w.-

I-cn-°p-∂n-s√∂v ]tcm-£a - mbn h-gn. X¿°-a-μncw XI¿∂Xp sSbpw {]iv\-a-s√∂pw CXv

{]Jym-]n® FsF-knkn ktΩ-f-
\-amWv B¿-F-kv-F-kn\pw kl-
kw-LS- \- I
- ƒ°pw `oI-ch- m-Z_
- -
‘-ap-s≠∂v Zpcp-]-Zn-jvShpw
Zp¿_-e-hp-amb Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-
bn-eqsS Btcm-]n-®-Xv.
B¿-Fk - Fv- k
- n-s\-Xn-cmb
tIm¨{K-kns‚ Btcm-]Ww
]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv- AXv
\S-Øm-\p-≠mb kml-Ncyw
hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. cma-P-∑-
`qan lnμp-°ƒ°v ssIam-dn-s°m-
≠p≈ Ae-l-_mZv sslt°m-
kw_-‘n® tIkn-se- hn-[n- h-
cm-\n-cn-s°- {]Xn-Iƒ in£n-°-
s∏Spw F∂v hn[nsb-gp-Xm≥
tkmWn-b°v BcmWv A[n-
Imcw \¬In-bX - v?-
Atbm[ym tIknse hn[n-tbm-
Sp≈ tkmWn-bb - psS
Aa¿jhpw B¿-F-kv-F-kns\
A]-Io¿Øns-∏S- p-Øm≥ {ian-
°p∂ FsF-knkn {]kvXm-h-
\bpw XΩn¬ At`-Zy-ambn
_‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Atbm[ym
hn[n-tbm-Sp≈ B¿-Fk - vF
- -
BtLm-jn-°m-\p≈ Ah-kc - -
a√ Bfl-]-cn-tim-[-\-bv°p≈
ka-ba - m-sW-∂p-am-Wv B¿-Fk - v-
Fkv k¿kw-L-Nm-eIv taml≥
`m-K-hXv A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. lnμp-
°ƒ°v A\p-Iqe hn[n-bp-≠mb
kml-Nc - y-Øn¬ Bth-i` - c- n-X-
cmb Ah¿ C¥ysb
]nSn®pIpep-°p-sa∂pw CXn¬-
{]tIm-]n-X-cmbn ap…ow P\-km-
am\-yw j_m-\p -tI-kn-teXp-
t]mse hn[n-s°-Xnsc cwK-Øp-
h-cp-sa-∂p-amWv tIm¨{Kkv
t\XrXzw {]Xo-£n-®Xv. CXv

33
SXnhn[n Atbm-[y-bnse X¿°-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 XI¿ØXv C¥y≥ P\-Xsb
H∂-S¶w hnizmk-Øn-se-Sp-°p∂
k-¿kw-LN - m-eI
- ns‚ XnI®pw
`mhm-flI
- a
- mb Blzm-\a - m-bn-cp-
∂p.
X¿°-a-μncw 1992 Unkw-_¿
Bdn\v XI¿∂-Xp ap-X¬ ap…o-
ß-fn¬ hntZzjw hf¿Øn lnμp-
°ƒ°v FXn-cm-°m-\mWv atX-
X-c-Xz-Øns‚ I]-S-apJw {]Z¿in-
∏n-®p-sIm≠v tIm¨{Kkv {ian-®-
sX∂v kq£va\nco-£W - Ø - n¬
a\-kn-em-°m-\m-hpw. B¿-F-kv-
F-kn-s\bpw _nsP-]n-tbbpw
a‰pw {]Xn-°q-´n¬ \n¿Øn-bm-bn-
cp∂p A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ am{Xw
IÆp-sh-®p≈ Cu hn`-
P\X{¥w. {_n´ojv `c-Wm-[n-Im-
cn-If
- n¬\n∂v ss]-Xr-Ia - m-bn-
In´nb Cu km{am-PyXz
X{¥sØ XI¿sØ-dn-bp-∂-
XmWv Atbm[ymtIknse
sFXn-lm-kn-I-amb hn[n. lnμp-
°-sfbpw ap…o-ßs - fbpw F°m-
e-tØ-°p-ambn hn`-Pn-®p-
\n¿Øm≥ tIm¨{Kkv ]Xn-‰m-
≠p-I-fmbn sI´n-s∏m-°nb hntZz-
j-Øns‚ h≥aXn-emWv
CtXmsS XI¿∂phoW-Xv. tImS-
Xn-hn-[nbpw hn[n-tbm-Sp≈ B¿-
F-kvF - k - ns‚ {]Xn-Ic - W- hpw
lnμp-kw-LS- \ - I
- t- fm-Sp≈ ap…o-
ß-fpsS kao-]-\-Øn¬ ImX-
emb am‰w hcp-Øp-sa∂v
tkmWnbm tIm¨{Kkv `b-
°pI-bmWv. B¿-Fk - vF
- kv
ap…o-߃s°-Xn-cm-sW∂v hcp-
Øn-s°m-≠p-am-{Xta Cu
km[yX Hgn-hm°n A[n-Imcw
\jvSa - m-Ipsa∂ `b-Øn¬\n∂v
tamN\w t\Sm-\m-Iq. ap…o-
߃s°Xn-cmb `oI-c{- ]-h¿Ø-
\-ß-fn¬ B¿-F-kv-F-kn\v- ]¶p-
s≠∂v ]d-bpI-bm-Wv- CXn-\p≈
Ffp∏hgn-sb∂v "hØn-°ms‚
am\--k] - p{Xn'bmb tkmWn-b°p
]n∂n¬\n∂v tIm¨-{K-kn-s\-
\bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ i‡n-
Iƒ Nn-¥n-®-Xn-s‚- ^-e-am-Wv-
B¿-Fk - vF- k- n-s\-Xn-cm-b- FsF-
knkn {]kvXmh-\-bmbn ]p-d-
Øp-h∂ - X - v.
B¿-Fk - vF
- k
- ns\ C…m-anI
`oI-ck - w-LS- \ - b- mb "knan'tbmSv
D]-an-®p-sIm-≠pw- ]m-Iv- o-I-c-kw-
L-S\ - b - m-b- e-jv-Is - d- tXm-bv_
- -
tb-°mƒ- `o-jW - n- D-b¿-Øp-Ib - m-
Wv- "ln-μp-Xo-{h-hm-Zw'- F-∂v- Nn-
{Xo-Ic - n-®p-sIm-≠p-ap-≈- tIm¨-
{K-kv- P-\-d¬- sk-{I-´-dn- cmlp¬
Km‘nbpsS A-`n{]m-b- {]-I-S-\-
߃- _men-i-sa-¶nepw \n¿Wm-
34
b-I-am-Ip-∂Xv Cu ]›m-Ø-e-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
Øn-em-Wv. apwss_-bnse amse-
Km-hv, sslZ-cm-_m-Znse sa°,
cm-P-ÿm-\n-se- APvao¿ Z¿K,-
kw-tQm-X- F-Ik v- {v- ]-kv-
t_mw_p kvt^mS-\t- I-kp-I-
fpsS At\z-jW Zni Bkq-{Xn-
X-ambn Xncn®phn´-Xns‚ XpS¿®-
bm-bn-cp∂p Cu {]kvXm-h-\.
amseKmhnse ae°wadn-®n¬
amse-Kmhv kvt^mS-\t- I-kn¬
Ad-Ãn-emb ^dqJv A≥h¿
CIv_m¬ aJvZp-an, sjbvJv apl-
ΩZv Aen Aemw sjbvJv,
Akn^v Jm≥, _jo¿Jm≥
F∂n-h¿ U]yq´n t]meokv
IΩo-j-W¿°p apºmsI 2006
Unkw-_¿ 6 \v Ip‰w kΩ-Xn-
°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ch¿ aqh-tcbpw
k¬am≥ ^c-kv, apl-ΩZv
jloZv, A_vZpƒ aPoZv F∂n-h-
scbpw No^v sat{Sm-s]m-fn-‰≥
aPn-kvt{S‰v arZpe `SvI-dn\v
apºmsI t]m-eo-kv- lmP-cm-°p-
I-bp-≠m-bn. Ch-cn¬ \mev
t]sc- tImSXn Unkw_¿ 15
hsc PpUo-jy¬ IÃUn-bnepw
A_vZpƒ aPo-Zns\ Unkw-_¿
16 hsc t]meokv IÃ-Un-bnepw
hn´p. kvt^mS\w \SØm-\p≈
KqVm-tem-N\ - b - n¬ Cu {]Xn-Iƒ
\n¿Wm-bI ]¶p-hl - n-®X- mbn
alm-cmjv{S t]meo-knse `oI-c-
hn-cp≤ kvIzmUv (F-Sn-F-kv)- \S-
Ønb At\z-jW - Ø- n¬ sXfn-
™-Xmbn ]ªnIv t{]mkn-Iyq-´¿
cmP Xm°sd tImS-Xn-bn¬ ]d-
bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. XpS¿∂mWv adp-
I≠w NmSnb At\z-jW DtZym--
Kÿ¿ {]⁄m-knwKv Dƒs∏sS
Nne-sc- tI-kn¬ {]Xn-I-fm-
°p∂Xv. Ch-cp-ambn _‘-s∏-
SpØn B¿-F-kv-F-kns‚ t]cv
hen-®n-g° - p-Ib- mWv
tIm¨{Kkpw tI{μ-k¿°mcpw
]n-∂o-Sv- sN-bv-X-Xv. F∂m¬ B¿-
F-kvF- kv k¿kw-LN - m-eIv
taml≥ `mK-h-Xn-s\-bpw tI{μ-
k-an-Xn-bwKw Ct{μjv Ipam-dn-
t\bpw h[n-°m≥ am-seKmhv
tIknse {]Xn-Iƒ KqVm-tem-
N\ \S-Øn-sb∂ hnhcw alm-
cmjv{S Ak-w-ªn-bn¬ B`y-¥c
a{¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ B¿.-B¿.-]m-
´o¬ ÿnco-Ic - n-®X- m-Wv.
C°mcyw ad-®p-]n-Sn-®p-sIm-
≠mWv amse-Kmhv tIknse
{]Xn-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn
APvao¿ kvt^mS-\Ø - n¬ Ct{μ-
jvIp-am-dns‚ t]-cv- C-t∏mƒ- Ip‰-
]-{X-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
CXv sNbvX cmP-ÿm≥ FSn-
Fkv Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂p≠v
Ct{μjv Ipam¿ tI-kn¬ {]Xn-b-
s√-∂v. F-Sn-F-kv- A-t\z-j-W-
sØ- ap≥-\n¿-Øn- C-t{μ-jv-Ip-am-
dn-s\-Xn-sc- A-]-Io¿-Øn-I-c-am-b-
{]-kv-Xm-h-\- \-S-Øn-b- cm-P-
ÿm≥- B-`y-¥-c-a-{¥n- \n-b-a-\-S-
]-Sn- t\-cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv.-
APvao-dnse \pWt_mw_p-Iƒ
amse-Kmhv kvt^mS-\Ø - n¬
alm-cmjv{S F - S- n-Fk - v \S-
ØnbXpt]m-esØ ae-°w-a-dn-®n-
emWv APvao¿ kvt^mS-\Ø - n¬
cmP-ÿm≥ FSn-Fkv \S-Øn-b-
Xpw. 2007 HIvtSm-_¿ 11 \mWv
APvao¿ Z¿-K- kvt^m-S\w \S-∂-
Xv. At\z-jWØn¬ A¬-˛Jz-bv-
Z- irw-Je - b- n¬-s∏-Sp-∂- _w-•m-tZ-
iv- `-oI
- c
- k- w-LS- \ - b
- m-b- l¿-°-
Øpƒ- Pn-lm-Zn- C-…m-an- (lp-Pn)-
bpsS ]¶v hy‡-am-b-Xn-s\-Øp-
S¿∂v sslZ-cm-_mZv kztZ-in-
bmb Hcp hym]m-cnsb cmP-
ÿm≥ FSn-Fkv AdÃvsNbvXn-
cp-∂p. Z-¿Kbv°v kao]w
hym]mcw \S-Øp-Ib - m-bn-cp∂
Cbm-fpsS hy‡-amb samgn-bpsS
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcp a{Zk
A[ym-]-I-s\bpw ]nSn-Iq-Sn.
sslZcm_mZv sa° kvt^mS-\-
Øn¬ tIm¨{Kkpw tI{μ-
k¿°mcpw kn_n-sFsb Zpcp-]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂X - p-t]mse cmP-ÿm-
\n¬ A[n-Im-cØ - n¬h∂
tIm¨{Kkv FSn-Fk - ns\
kzm[o-\n®v APvao¿
kvt^mS\Ønse At\z-
jWsØ hgn-sX-‰n-°p-Ibpw
C-t{μjv Ipam-dn-s\-Xnsc A]-
hmZ{]Nm-cWw Bcw-`n-°p-Ib - p-
am-bn-cp-∂p. CXns‚ XpS¿®-
bmWv tIkns‚ Ip‰-]-{X-Øn¬
Xo¿-Øpw- A-\m-h-iy-am-bn- At±-
l-Øns‚ t]cv ]cm-a¿in-®Xv.
XnI®pw cmjv{Sobt{]cn-Xa - m-
bmWv Ct{μjv Ipam-dns‚ t]cv
hen-®n-g®n-cn-°p∂Xv F∂-Xn\v
FSn-F-kns‚ 806 t]Pp≈ Ip‰-
]{Xw Xs∂ sXfn-hm-Wv.
kvt^mS\w Bkq-{XWw sNøm-
\p≈ KqVm-tem-N\ - b- v°mbn
2005 HIvtSm-_¿ 30 \v Pbv]q-
cnse KpP-dmØn kamPv
KÃvlukn¬ tN¿∂
clkytbmK-Øn¬ Ct{μjv
Ipam¿ ]s¶-Sp-Øp-sh-∂mWv
FSn-Fk - ns‚ Ah-Im-ih - m-Zw.
at\mPv Ipam¿- F∂ t]cn¬
At±-l-Øn-\p-th≠n ChnsS
apdn-sb-Sp-°p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-∂p-hs - {X.
KÃvlukv amt\-P¿ AcpW
Pbn≥ Cßs\ samgn \¬In-bn-
cn-°p-∂X - mbn Ip‰-]{- X-Øn¬
]d-bp-∂Xv ]®-°≈ - a - m-sW∂v
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
hy‡-am°n Ah¿Xs∂ ∂mWv sslZ-cm-_m-Zv t]meokv tZim-`n-am-\Ø - ns‚ t]cn¬
cwKØphcn-Ib - p-≠m-bn.- Ct{μjv \S-Ønb {]mY-anI At\z-j-W- cwKØn-d°n A{Ia{]h¿Ø-\-
Ipam-dn-s\-°p-dnt®m KÃv- Øn¬ sXfn-™-Xv. Cu \nK-a-\- ߃°v t{]cn-∏n®v ap…o-ßsf
lukn¬ \S-∂-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ ßsf Icp-Xn-°q´n X≈n-°-f- lnμp-°ƒs°-Xn-cm-°p-Is - b-∂Xv
tbmK-sØ-°p-dnt®m At\z-jW ™p-sIm-≠mWv kn_nsF kw`- 2004-˛06 Ime-L´- Ø - n¬ tIm¨-{K-
DtZymK-ÿ¿°v Xm≥ Hcp h-Øns‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw Nne kv- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- B`y-¥-c-h-
samgnbpw sImSp-Øn-´n-s√∂pw lnμpXzkwL-S\ - I
- f
- psS ta¬ Ip∏v Bkq-{XWw sNbvX ]≤-
AcpW shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Ip‰- NpaØn At\z-j-WsØ hgn-Xn- Xn-bm-Wv. `c-WL - S- \mXoX-amb
]{Xw tImS-Xn-bnseØ-nbm¬ cn®phn´-Xv. F∂m¬ ASp-ØnsS Xs‚ A[n-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn®v A-
cmP-ÿm≥ FSn-Fk - n-s‚bpw Ata-cn-°≥ `oI-c-hn-cp≤ ∂-sØ- sF_n Ub-d-IvS¿°v
tIm¨{K-kn-s‚bpw hmZ-߃ GP≥kn-bmb F≥kn-Snknbp-sS- tkmWnb C-Xp- kw-_-‘n-®-
s]mfn-bp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv. C°m- dn-t∏m¿-´v- kn-_n-sF-bp-sS- "I-s≠- \n¿t±iw \¬In-bX - mbn tUm.-
cyw- t_m[y-ap-≈t- ∏mƒØs∂ Ø-ep-Iƒ'-°v- bm-sXm-cp- A-Sn- kp-{_-“Wyw kzman Nq≠n-°m-
tkmWn-bb - psS AP-≠° - \- p-k- ÿm-\-hp-an-s√-∂v- ÿn-co-I-cn-°p- ´n-bn-´p-≠v. 2007 emWv Cu lnμp-
cn®v B¿-F-kv-F-kn-s\-Xn-sc- I-bp-≠m-bn.- tlmwem‚ v skIyq- hn-cp≤ ]≤Xn {]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-
A]-hmZ {]Nm-cWw Xp-S-c-p-I- cn‰n sk\-‰n¬ F≥kn-Snkn °m≥- Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv. amse-Kmhv
kvt^mS-\Ø - n¬ {]Xn-bmb
kmbp[tk\-bnse Nne-tcbpw Nne lnμpk∂ym-kn- "kzman'- Z-bm-\-μ- ]m-sfi-bp-sS-
tIm¨{Kkv cm-jv{- So-b- ]›m-
am-tcbpw tZim-`n-am-\-Øns‚ t]cn¬ cwKØn-d°n Øew CXn-te-°mWv hnc¬
A{Ia{]h¿Ø-\-߃°v t{]cn-∏n®v ap…o-ßsf Nq≠p-∂-Xv. B`y-¥-c-a{¥n ]n.-
lnμp-°ƒs°-Xn-cm-°p-I-sb-∂Xv 2004-˛06 Ime-L-´- Nn-Zw-_cw "lnμp-`o-Ic - X'sb°p-
dn®v Bh¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw
Øn¬ tIm¨-{K-kv- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- B`y-¥-c-h-Ip∏v cmPysØ t]meokv kwhn-[m\w
Bkq-{XWw sNbvX ]≤-Xn-bm-Wv. `c-W-L-S\mXoX- ap…o-߃s°-Xn-cm-sW∂v {]N-
amb Xs‚ A[n-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn®v A-∂-sØ- sF_n cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-sams° CXns‚
`mK-am-sW∂v Icp-tX-≠n-bn-cn-
Ub-d-IvS¿°v tkmWnb C-Xp- kw-_-‘n-®- \n¿t±iw °p∂p.
\¬In-b-Xmbn tUm.-kp-{_-“Wyw kzman Nq≠n-°m-´n-
knan `oI-cs‚ Ip‰-kΩ
- Xw
bn-´p-≠v.
\pg™p Ib-dnb Nne ]mIv
`oI-c∑- m-cpsS klm--bt- ØmsS
Xm\pw Iq´m-fn-Ifpw tN¿∂mWv
2007 s^{_p-hcn 18 \v
kwtQmX FIvkv{]-kn¬
kvt^mS\w \S-Øn-bs - X∂v
\ntcm-[nX `oIckwL-S\ - b
- mb
knan-bpsS Xe-h≥ k^vZ¿
\tKm-cn 2008 HIvtSm-_-dn¬- Ip‰-
k-ΩXw \S-Ønbn-cp-∂p.- \tKm-
cn°v ]pdsa I{ap-±o≥ \tKm-cn,
Ban¬ ]¿thkv F∂n-hscbpw
_wK-fq-cp-hnse t^md≥knIv
kb≥kv et_m-d´- d - n-bn¬
\m¿tIm ]cn-tim-[-\°v hnt[-b-
am-°nbt∏mgmWv sR´n-°p∂
Cu shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-≠m-b-Xv.
""Nne ]mIn-ÿm-\n-I-fpsS klm-
b-tØmsS s{Sbn-\n¬
kvt^mS\w \S-Øn-sb∂v
bmWv tIm¨{K-kv. Ub-d-IvS¿ ssa°¬ entb-‰¿ A_vZpƒ dkmJv Xs∂ Adn-
ka¿∏n® dnt∏m¿´v sa° bn®p'' F∂mWv k^vZ¿
"lpPn'sb Hgn-hm-°p∂p akvPnZv kvt^mS-\Ø - n\v \tKmcn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. a[y-
sa° kvt^mS-\t- °-kn¬ ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn-®Xv {]-tZ-inse Ct‚m-dn¬\n∂p≈
kXyw ad-®p-]n-Sn-°m≥ "lpPn'bmsW∂v Akμn-Kv≤- "knan' `oI-c-\mWv A_vZpƒ
kn_nsF \S-Ønb I≈-°-fn- ambn hy‡-am-°p-∂p. dkm-Jv. "knan' `oI-c-\mb
Iƒ tIm¨{K-kn-s‚bpw tI{μ- lnμpXz˛tZiob {]ÿm-\- ""Ban¬ ]¿thkpw CtX Imcyw
k¿°m-cn-t‚bpw ÿm]nX ߃s°-Xnsc tIm¨{K-kns‚ \m¿tIm ]cn-tim-[\ - b - n¬
Xm¬∏cyw ]q¿W-ambpw ]pd-Øp- N´p-I-am-bn- am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂- G‰p]d™p'' F∂v ]cn-tim-[-
sIm-≠p-hc - p∂XmWv. 2007 sabv kn_n-sF-bpsS apJw-aq-Sn-bmWv \°v t\XrXzw \¬Inb tUm.-
amk-Øn¬ \S∂ kvt^mS-\- ChnsS Agn-™p-ho-gp-∂-Xv. _n.-Fw.-tam-l≥ hy‡-am-°p-I-
Øn\v ]n∂n¬ _w•m-tZiv `oI-c- bp-≠m-bn. knan t\Xm-°-sf-
kmbp[tk\-bnse Nne-tcbpw sb√mw tNmZyw-sNbvX t]meokv
kw-LS- \
- b
- mb "lp-Pn'- BsW- Nne lnμpk∂ym-kn-am-tcbpw

35
C≥kvs]-IvS¿ P\-d¬ (C-t‚m¿
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
 sdbv©v)A - \- n¬Ip-am¿
kwtQmX kvt^mS-\Ø - n¬
A_vZpƒ dkm-Jns‚ ]¶v
ÿnco-Ic - n-°p-Ib
- p-≠m-bn.
""PpUo-jy¬ IÃ-Un-bnep≈
A_vZpƒ dkm-Jns\ hn´p-In-
´m≥ tIkv At\z-jn-°p∂
t]meokv DtZym-Kÿ - ¿°v tImS-
Xnsb kao-]n-°m-hp-∂X - mWv''
F∂pw A\n¬Ip-am¿ hy‡-am-
°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn. F∂m¬
tIm¨{Kkv `cn-°p∂ lcn-bm\
k¿°m-cn-\p-Io-gn¬- tI-kv- A-t\z-
jn-°p-∂- F-Sn-F-kv- CXn\v Xøm-
dm-bn-√.
k^vZ¿ \tKm-cn-bpsS ASp-Ø-
bm-fmWv A_vZpƒ dkm-sJ∂pw
kwtQmX kvt^mS-\s - Ø-°p-
dn®v \tKm-dnsb dkmJv Adn--bn-
°p-Ibpw Ccp-hcpw C°mcyw
N¿® sNbvXp-sh∂pw Ia-dp-±o≥
\tKm-cn, Ban¬ ]¿thkv F∂n-
h¿ \m¿tIm ]cn-tim-[-\-bn¬
sh-fns∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. dkm-
Jns‚ a‰v c≠v Iq´m-fn-I-fmb
dbvkv, Bj¿ F∂n-h-sc-°p-
dn®pw ]¿thkv ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-
bn. kvt^mS\w \S-∂t- ijw
A°mcyw dkmJv Xs∂ Adn-bn-
°p-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv
k^vZ¿ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bX - v.
]›n-a-_w-Km-fnse "knan'
t\Xmhv ankv_˛- D - ƒ-˛C
- …mw
F∂-bm-fn¬-\n∂v klmbw e`n-
®-Xmbpw dkmJv Xs∂ Adn-bn-
®-Xmbn k^vZ¿ Iq´n-t®¿°p-I-
bp-≠m-bn. 2006 Pqembv 11 \v 200
t]cpsS ac-WØ - n-\n-Sb- m-°nb
apwss_ s{Sbn≥ kvt^mS\]c-
º-cbv°v ]n∂nepw Xß-fm-bn-cp-
∂p-sh∂v k^vZ¿ \tKmcn
\m¿tIm ]cn-tim-[-\-bn¬ shfn--
s∏-Sp-ØpI-bp-≠m-bn.
C-¥ybpw ]mIn-ÿm\pw XΩn-
ep≈ \b-X-{¥-_‘w hjfm-
°p-Is- b∂ ]mIv`oI-cc - psS
{]Jym-]nXe£yw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-
∂p kwtQmX kvt^mS\w \S-
Øm≥ "knan' `oI-csc t{]cn-∏n-
®sX∂mbncp∂p dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ.
CXn¬ Ah¿ Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc
hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ct¥m-˛] - mIv kulrZw sa®-s∏-
Sp-Øm-\m-bn-cp∂p CcpcmPy-ß-
sfbpw _‘n-∏n-°p∂
kwtQmX FIvkv{]kv Xoh≠n
Bcw-`n-®-Xv. F∂m¬ 2007
s^{_p-hcn 18 \v lcn-bm-\-
bnse ]m\n-∏-‰n¬sh®v
kwtQm-Xb - nse c≠v tIm®p-I-
fn¬ \S∂ kvt^mS-\-Øn¬ 68
t]¿ sIm√-s∏-´tXmsS ÿnXn-K-
36
Xn-Iƒ amdn-a-dn-™p. knan `oI-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
C¥y-bnse ap…o-ß-fpsS
Ah-ÿsb°pdn®v
]Tn°m≥ H∂mw
bp]nF k¿°m¿
\ntbm-Kn® k®m¿
kan-Xn-bpsS dnt∏m¿´v
]mIn-ÿm≥ C¥y-s°-
Xnsc D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bp-
≠m-bn. cmPysØ
ap…o-ß-fpsS \ne
]cn-Xm-]-I-c-am-sW∂
dnt∏m¿´nse Ah-Im-i-
hm-Z-amWv CXn\v
hgn-sh-®-Xv.
c¿ {]Xo-£n-®-Xp-t]mse Ct¥m-
˛]mIv kulrZ kw`m-jWw
\n¿Øn-sh-bv°p-I-bpw- sN-bvXp.
kn_n-sF-˛a- m-[ya HØp-Ifn
kzman Ako-am-\μ \S-Øn-b-
Xmbn ]d-bs∏Sp∂ "Ip‰-k-Ω-X-
samgn'bpsS Nne hnh-c-߃
am[y-a-߃°v tNm¿Øn \¬In-
F≥-sFF Xa-kv°c - n-°m≥
{ian-°p-∂Xv ]I¬t]mse
hy‡-amb Cu hkvXp-X-I-fm-Wv.-
"knan' `oI-c-cpsS \m¿tIm ]cn-
tim-[\ \S-∂Xv 2008 HIvtSm-
_dnem-Wv. CXp-I-gn™v c≠v
h¿jw ]n∂n´v 2011 Unkw-_¿
18 \v Z¬ln-bnse Xokvlkmcn
tImS-Xn-bn¬ lmP-cmbn Ako-am-
\μ Ip‰-k-ΩXw \SØp-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p-h-s{X! samgn tcJ--s∏-Sp-Øn-
bXv kn_n-sF-bpw. kwtQmX
kvt^mS\w \S-Øn-bXv Xs‚
Bfp-If - m-sW∂v sIm√-s∏´
kp\n¬ tPmjn F∂-bmƒ
Xt∂mSv ]d-™p-sh∂v Ako-am-
\μ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-∂mWv
Ah-Im-ih - m-Zw. AtX-ka - b
- w,
Xm≥ kzta-[bm CØcw samgn
\¬In-bn-´n-s√∂v ]Xn-\©v
Znhkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ lcn-bm-\-
bnse ]©-Ip-e-bn¬ F≥-sFF
tImS-Xn-bn¬ lmP-cmb Ako-am-
\μ Xt∂mSv ]d-™X - mbn
Ako-am-\μ - b- psS A`n-`m-jI
a≥ho¿ cmXn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. Ip-‰-ta-‰p-sIm-≠v- A-
ko-am-\-μ- C-¥y-˛]m-Iv- {]-kn-
U‚p-am¿-°v- I-sØ-gp-Xn-sb-∂-
F≥-sF-Fb - p-sS- A-hI - m-ih - m-Zw-
I-fh- m-sW-∂v- A-t±-lØ - n-s‚- k-
tlm-Zc - \pw hy-‡a - m-°p-Ib - p-≠m-
bn.-tIk-t\z-jWw \mS-Io-ba
am‰n-a-dn®v Ako-am-\-μ-sb Hcp
KqVm-tem-N\ - °- m-c\ - mbn am[y-a-
ß-fn-eqsS Nn{Xo-Ic - n-®t- i-ja- mWv
At±lw Ip‰-k-ΩXw \SØn-
sb∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-ambn
kn_n-sFbpw F≥-sF-Fbpw
cwK-Øp-h∂ - n-´p-≈s - X-∂Xv {it≤-
b-am-Wv. AYhm Cß-s\-sbmcp
Ip‰-kΩ - Xw \S-Øn-bn-´p-s≠∂v
Xs∂ sh-bv°p-I. DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-
ap≈ At\z-jW GP≥kn-
sb∂ \nebv°v sNtø-≠n-bn-cp-
∂Xv CXv Dƒs∏-SpØn F{X-bpw-
thKw Ip‰-]{Xw Xøm-dm°n
tIkns‚ hnNm-c-W°v t]mhp-I-
bm-bn-cp-∂nt√? CXn\v
\n¬°msX `oI-ch - m-Zh - p-ambn
_‘-s∏´v kwi-bm-kv]Z- a - mb
]›m-Ø-e-ap≈ Hcp {]kn-≤o-I-
c-W-Øn\v "Ip‰-k-Ω-X-samgn'
tNm¿Øn \¬Im≥ kn_nsF
ImWn® XnSp°w kz¥w cm-
jv{Sob bP-am-\∑ - msc {]oWn-∏n-
°m≥ th≠n-bt√?
tIm¨{Kkv t\Xm-°f - mb
cmlp¬ Km‘nbpw ZnKvhnP-b-
knwKpw a‰pw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p∂ \ncp-Ø-c-hm-Z-]-chpw
B]¬°-c-hp-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-
fpsS Nph-Sp-]n-Sn-®mWv
kn_nsF, F≥-sFF apX-emb
GP≥kn-Iƒ Nne tIkp-Iƒ
At\z-jn-°p-∂s - X∂v Ako-am-\-
μ-bpsS "Ip-‰-k-Ω-X-samgn'
tNm¿ØnbXneqsS hy‡-am-bn-cn-
°p-∂p. hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn
tIk-t\z-jn®v kXyw ]pd-Øp-
sIm-≠p-hc - n-Ib- √, Xß-fpsS
cmjv{Sob bP-am-\-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂-
Xv icn-bm-sW∂v ÿm-]n-°m-
\p≈ hy{K-X-bmWv Cu At\z-
jW GP≥kn-Iƒ°v. ""]mIv
`oI-ck
- w-LS- \ - b- mb ejvIsd
tXmbv_s - b-°mƒ hn]-ØmWv
lnμp-Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ'' F∂mWv
cmlp¬Km‘n Hcp kp{]-`m-X-
Øn¬ Is≠-Øn-b-Xv. CXn\v
ZrjvSm-¥a - mbn kwtQmX
kvt^mS-\t- °-kns\ am‰p-Is - b-
∂-XmWv kn_n-sFbpw
F≥sFFbpw G - s
- ‰-Sp-Øn-cn-
°p∂- Np-aX - e- sb∂p-thWw
Icp-Xm≥.
tIm¨{K-kns‚ ZpjvSe
- m°v
- ≥
kwtQmX kvt^mS-\h - p-ambn
_‘-s∏´v Ad-Ãn-em-hpItbm
Btcm-]W hnt[-bc - mhpItbm
sNbvXh - ¿°v B¿-Fk - vF
- k- p-
ambn, {]tXy-In®v kwL-S-\-
bpsS AJne `mc-Xob Imcy-
Imcn AwKw Ct{μ-jvIp-am-dp-
- mbn ambn _‘-ap-s≠∂v hcp-Øp-I-
bmWv kn_n-sF-bp-sSbpw F≥-
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
sF-Fb - p-sSbpw ZpjvSe - m-°v.
CXn-\mbn Ah¿ CXp-h-sc-bp≈
At\z-jW - Ø- n¬ Is≠-Ønb
hnh-c-߃°v t\sc Ip‰-I-c-
ambn IÆ-Sb - v°p-Ib - m-Wv. amse-
Kmhv˛kwtQmX kvt^mS-\h - p-
ambn _‘-s∏´v Ad-Ãn-emb
Nne¿ B¿-F-kv-F-kns‚ {]Jym-
]nX i{Xp-°f - m-sW∂v C°q-´-
cpsS {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Xs∂
hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. tIkn¬
Ad-Ãn-emb tIW¬ ]ptcm-ln-
Xns‚bS°w aq∂p-t]-cpsS
Pmaym-t]-£sb FXn¿Øp-
sIm≠v alm-cmjv{Sm k¿°m-
cns‚ `oI-c-hn-cp≤ kvIzmUn\v
th≠n lmP-cmb ]ªnIv
t{]mkn-Iyq-´¿ {]tXy-I- tIm-SX
bn¬ ]d-™-Xv Nne B¿-F-kv-
Fkv t\Xm-°sf h[n-°m≥
Ch¿ KqVm-tem-N-\ \-S-Øn-bn-
cp∂p F∂mWv. ""lnμp-XzsØ
cmjv{Sob D]-Ic - W
- a - m-°n-am‰n
AXns‚ ZuXysØ ln-μp-cm-
jv{Sob ]m¿´n-Iƒ h-©n-®p-sh∂v
Btcm-]W - h- n-t[-bc - m-bh - ¿ (tI-
W¬ ]ptcm-ln-Xv, cmtIjv
ZmhvsU, APbv cln¿°¿)-I-cp-
Xp∂p'' F∂mWv ]ªnIv
t{]mkn-Iyq-´¿ tdmjnWn kmen-
b≥ tImS-Xn-bn¬ ]d-™X - v.
C°m-cW - w-sIm≠v Ch¿°v
Pmayw \ntj-[n-°-s∏-´p. kp{]ow-
tIm-SX
- nbpw Ch-cpsS Pmaym-
t]£ X≈n.
kwtQmX tIkn¬ GXv Ip‰-k-
ΩXsamgn-bmWv At\z-jW
GP≥kn AwKo-Ic - n-°p-∂s - X-∂-
dn-bm≥ P\-߃°v Xm¬]-cy-ap-
≠v. k^vZ¿ \tKm-cn-bpsS Ip‰-
k-ΩX - s - amgn c≠v h¿j-tØmfw
ssIhiw sh®v F¥mWv At\z-
jW GP≥kn-Iƒ sNbvXXv?
kwtQmX kvt^mS-\h - p-ambn
_‘-ap-s≠∂v ]-d-b-s∏-Sp∂
tIW¬ ]ptcm-ln-Xn-t\bpw a‰pw
tI{μo-Ic - n-®p≈ At\z-jWw
\n¿Wm-bIL´-Øn¬ hgn-Xn-cn-
®p-hn-´Xv F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv?
Btcm-]Whnt[-bc - mb
Nnecpambn HØpIfn®v "he-Xp-
]£ `oI-cX' ÿm]n-s®-SpØv
\nc-]c - m-[n-Isf tIkn-tebv°v
hen-®n-g-°m\pw lnμp-kw-L-S-\-
Isf A]-Io¿Øn-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw
t\Xm-°f - p-sS hnizm-kyX
XI¿°m-\p-at√ tI{μw `cn-
°p∂ tIm¨{K-kns‚ Iønse
D]-I-c-W-ambn A[x-]-Xn-®n-cn-
°p∂ kn_n-sFbpw a‰pw {ian-
°p∂-Xv? tIm¨{Kkv P\-d¬
sk{I-´dn ZnKvhnP-bk - nw-Kns‚
{]kvXm-h\ - I- ƒ Cu KqVm-tem-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
kwtQmX tIkn¬ GXv
Ip‰- k - Ω Xsamgn- b mWv
At\z-jW GP≥kn AwKo-
I-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂-dn-bm≥ P\-
߃°v Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠v.
k^vZ¿ \tKm-cn-bpsS Ip‰-k-
Ω-X-samgn c≠v h¿j-
tØmfw ssIhiw sh®v
F¥mWv At\z-jW
GP≥kn-Iƒ sNbvXXv?
kwtQmX kvt^mS-\-hp-
ambn _‘-ap-s≠∂v ]-d-b-
s∏-Sp∂ tIW¬ ]ptcm-ln-
- n- Xn-t\bpw a‰pw tI{μo-I-cn-
®p≈ At\z-jWw \n¿Wm-
bIL´-Øn¬ hgn-Xn-cn-®p-
hn-´Xv F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv?
N-\-bn-te-bv°t√ shfn®w hoip-
∂-X?v
C¥y-bnse ap…o-ß-fpsS Ah-
ÿsb°pdn®v ]Tn°m≥ H∂mw
bp]nF k¿°m¿ \ntbm-Kn®
k®m¿ kan-Xn-bpsS dnt∏m¿´v
]mIn-ÿm≥ C¥y-s°-Xnsc D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn. cmPysØ
ap…o-ß-fpsS \ne ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-
am-sW∂ dnt∏m¿´nse Ah-Im-i-
hm-Z-amWv CXn\v hgn-sh-®-Xv.
ejvIsd tXmbv_s - b∂ `oIc
kwL-S\ - s- b-°mƒ A]-IS- I - c- -
amWv "lnμp-Xo-{h-hmZw' F∂v
cmlp¬Km‘n Ata-cn-°≥
Aw_m-kU - t- dmSv ]d-™Xpw
C¥y-bn-te°v `oI-c-hmZw Ib‰n
Ab-bv°p∂ ]mIn-ÿm-\nse
`c-WI - q-SsØ hf-sc-tbsd
kt¥m-jn-∏n°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn.
Ct∏m-gnXm kwtQmX
kvt^mS\ tIkns‚ At\z-j-
Whpw ]mIn-ÿm≥ C¥y-s°-
Xnsc Bbp-[-am-°p-∂p.
kwtQmX kvt^mS-\Ø - n¬
]¶p-s≠∂v Ako-am-\μ "kΩ-
Xn®' kml-N-cy-Øn¬ At\z-
jWhnh-cß - ƒ ]¶p-sh-bv°m≥
C¥y Xøm-dm-hW - s- a-∂mWv
]mIn-ÿm≥ G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn-
embn Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
C¥y-bpsS BIvSnwKv U]yq´n
ssl°-Ωo-W¿ Pn.-hn.-{io-\n-hm-
kns\ hnfn-®p-h-cpØn ]mIv
hntZ-iI- m-cy-a{- ¥m-eb - a
- mWv Cu
Bhiyw D∂-bn-®X - v. kwtQmX
kvt^mS-\-hpw apwss_ B{I-a-
W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v {]Xn-°q-´n-
em-bn-cp∂ X߃°v c£-s∏-Sm-
\p≈ Hcp ]gp-Xm-bmWv ]mIv`-c-
W-IqSw kn_n-sF-bpsS Cu
"Ip‰-kΩ
- X
- 'sØ ImWp-∂X- v.
"Imhn-`o-Ic- X
- '- bpsS ImWm-∏pdw
"ln-μp-`o-I-c-X'- ÿm-]n-s®-S-p-°m-
\p-≈- a-lm-cm-{„-˛l-cn-bm-\˛- cm-P-
ÿm≥- F-Sn-F-kv,- kn-_n-sF,-
F≥sF-F- F-∂o- A-t\z-jW - -
G-P≥-kn-I-fp-sS- hy-{K-X-bp-sS- c-
l-ky-sa-s¥-∂v- B-`y-¥-c-a-{¥n-
]n.- Nn-Zw-_-c-Ø-n-s‚- Ip-{]-kn-≤-
am-b- {]-kv-Xm-h-\- hy-‡-am-°p-
∂p-≠v.- tIm¨-{K-kn-s‚-bpw- tI-
{μ-k¿-°m-cn-s‚-bpw- Nn-Zw-_c - Ø
- n-
s‚-bpw- Zp-„-em-°-v Xp-d-∂p-Im-´n-
s°m-≠v- B¿-Fk - vF- k- v- tZ-io-b-
k-an-Xn- Aw-Kw- cmw-am-[-hv- hn-i-Zo-
I-cn-°p-∂X - v- C-ßs - \-bm-Wv:- ""Im-
hn-`o-I-c-X-sb-°-p-dn-®p-≈- B-`y-
¥-c-a-{¥n- ]n.- Nn-Zw-_-c-Øns‚-
]-cm-a¿-i-߃- ]-e-sc-bpw- A-Xv-
`pX-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv.-
kz-¥w- ]m¿-´n-°m-cm-b- Zn-Kvh - n-Pb - v-
knw-Kn-s\-t∏m-ep-≈h - c- n¬-\n-∂v-
I-Sp-Ø- k-Ω¿-±-ap-≠m-bn-´pw- C-
Ø-c-sam-cp- Kp-cp-X-c-am-b- B-tcm-
]-Ww- D-∂-bn-°m≥- CXp-hsc A-
t±-lw- ap-Xn¿-∂n-cp-∂n-√.- hm-kv-X-
h-Øn¬- C-Xn-\v- ap-ºv- ]-e- A-h-
k-c-ß-fn-epw- am-[y-a-ß-fpw- a-‰v-
Nn-e-cpw- ln-μp-`o-I-c-X-sb-∂v- ]-d-
bp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v- kq-Nn-∏n-®-
t∏mƒ- C-Xp- k-w-_-\v-[n-®v- F-s¥-
¶n-epw- A-k-μn-Kv-[-am-b {]-kv-Xm-
h-\-Iƒ- A-t±-lw- \-S-Øn-bn-cp-∂n-
√.- F-∂m¬- 2010 B-K-kv-‰v- 25 \v-
tN¿-∂- hn-hn-[- kw-kv-Ym-\-ß-fn-
se- Un-Pn-]n-a-m-cp-sS- tbm-K-Øn¬-
Nn-Zw-_-cw- sN-bv-X- {]-kw-Kw- A-
t±-lØ - n-s‚-bpw- k¿-°m-cn- s - ‚-
bpw- ap≥- \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fn¬-\n-∂p-
≈- a-S-ßn-t∏m-°m-bn-cp-∂p.- "Im-
hn-`o-I-c-X'-sb-°p-dn-®v- A-t±-l-
Øn-\v- \n-iv-Nb - Z- m¿Vy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p-sh-∂v- am-{X-a-√,- cm-Py-sØ- a-
s‰m-cp- `o-I-c-X-sb-bpw- t]sc-Sp-
Øv- ]-cm-a¿-in-°m-sX- "ln-μp-`o-I-
c-X'- F-∂v- F-Sp-Øp-]-d-bp-I-b-pw-
sN-bv-Xp.- Zo¿-L-am-b- {]-kw-K-
Øn¬- Nn-Zw-_-cw- Pn-lm-Zn- `o-I-c-
X-sb-°p-dn-t®m- C-…m-an-I- `o-I-c-
X-sb-°p-dn-t®m- ]-d-™n-√.- G-‰-
hp-sam-Sp-hn¬- C-S-Xp-]-£- Xo-{h-
hm-Z-sØ-°p-dn-®v- A-hy-‡-am-bn-
]-cm-a¿-in-®sXm-gn-®m¬- Np-h-∏≥-
`o-I-c-X-sb-°p-dn-®pw- H-c-£cw- D-
cn-bm-Sn-bn-√.- F-∂m¬- "Im-hn--`o--Ic - -
X'-sb-°pdn-®v- At±lw hm-Nm-e-
\m-bn-cp-∂p.-''-
cmw- am-[-hv- Xp-S-cp-∂p-:- ""2008 sk-
]v-Xw-_dn¬- am-se-Km-hn¬- \-S-∂-
Xm-Wv- ln-μp-bp-hm-°ƒ-°p-ta¬
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 37
 B-tcm-]n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈- H-cp- kw-`- ]m¿´n-Ifpw ]n≥hm-ßp-sa-∂X - n- tim-[n-t°-≠- Nn-e- h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ-
hw.-- 2008 H-IvtSm-_¿- ap-X¬- Nn-e- \m¬ CØ-c-samcp Imcyw cmw- am-[-hv- ap-t∂m-´p-sh-bv-°p-∂p-
A-d-kv-‰p-Iƒ- \-S-°m≥- Xp-S-ßn.- C¥ybnse Nne hn`m-K-߃°v ≠v.- ""-Cu 14-˛15 amksØ {]Xn-
Nn-e- ln-μp-a-X-t\-Xm-°-fpw- tk-h- cmjv{So-ba - mbpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-]- `m-k-Ønse apJy Ifn-°m¿
\-a-\p-jv-Tn-°p-∂- H-cp I-ctk-\m- c-ambpw klm-b-I-am-Ipw. A¥m- tIW¬ ]ptcm-ln-Xn-s\bpw
D-tZym-K-kv-Y-\pw- hn-c-an-®- H-cp- I- cm-jv{S-Xe - Ø - n¬ CXv knsFF kzbw{]Jym-]nX kzman Zbm-\-μ-
c-tk-\m- D-tZym-K-kv-Y-\pw- A-d-kv- Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ C°q-´c - psS ]m-WvsU-sbbpw t]mep≈hcm-
‰n-em-b-h-cn¬-s∏-Sp-∂p.- Xp-S¿-∂v- ]m›m-Xy- taem-f-∑msc {]oXn- Wv. Bcm-Wn-h¿? tkh\w
A-t\z-jW - - GP≥-kn-If - m-b- kn- s∏-Sp-Øm≥ D]-I-cn°pw. BXy- A\p-jvTn-°p∂ Hcp Ic-tk\m
_n-sF-bpw- cm-P-kv-Ym≥- `o-I-c-hn- ¥n-Ia - mbn knsFF F∂m¬ Hm^o-kdpw tIm¨{Kkv krjvSn-
cp-≤- kv-Izm-Upw- Nn-e- ln-μp-bp- ]m›mXy ss{IkvXh - k - ` - b
- psS bmb Hcp kzmanbpw Fß-s\
hm-°-sf-°q-Sn- A-d-kv-‰p-sN-bv-Xp.- krjvSn-bm-Wv. lnμp-hn-`m-Kß - sf Cu lnμp/Imhn `oI-c-X-sb∂v
2006 B-K-kv-‰n-\pw- am-se-Km-hv- ss]im-Nn-Ih - ¬°-cn-°p-Is - b- ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xnse apJy Ifn-
kw-`-h-Øn-\p-an-S-bn-ep-≈- 14 a-m- ∂Xv ]m›m-Xy-i‡ - n-If - psS °m-cmbn? BcmWv Ch¿°v
k-°m-e-Øn-\n-sS- \-S-∂- Nn-e- apJy AP-≠-bm-Wv. Imhn-`o-I- ]n∂n¬? CsXmcp Kuc-h-amb
kw`-hß - f - p-sS- D-Øc
- h- m-Zn-Øw- cX F∂ "{]Xn-`mk'sØ tNmZy-am-Wv. ImcWw CØ-c-
B-tcm-]n-®m-bn-cp-∂p- C-Xv.- C-Xp- kw_-‘n-®n-St- Ømfw as‰mcp samcp `oI-c-X-bpsS {]Xn-`mkw
sh-®p- sIm-≠v- F-ßs - \-bm-Wv- {][m\ tNmZy-ap-≠v. 2007 \v B¿-F-kv-Fkv Dƒs∏sS Hcp
Im-hn-`o-I-c-X- F-∂- "{]-Xn-`m-k-w'- apºv Imhn`oI-cX Fs∂m-∂n-√m- lnμp--kw-LS- \ - s
- bbpw klm-bn-
D-s≠-∂- hn-[n-Xo¿-∏n-te-°v- B-`y- bn-cp-∂p. B`y-¥-c-a-{¥n-bpsS °n-√. adn-®m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
¥-c-a-{¥n- F-Sp-Øp-Nm-Sn-b-Xv?- F- Ah-Im-ih - mZw F¥p-Xs - ∂-bm-bn- tZiob P\m-[n-]-Xy-kJyw A[n-
hn-sS-bm-Wv- Cu- {]-Xn-`m-ks - a-∂v- cp-∂mepw 2008 se amse-Kmhv Im-c-Øn-en-cp-∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿
hn-iZ- o-Ic - n-°m≥- A-t±-lØ - n-\v- Ad-Ãp-Iƒ°p-tijhpw AXn-√. CXv sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bn-cp-
I-gn-bptam?- 14 am-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬- 14-˛15 amkw am{X-amWv -AXv t∂s\ Ah¿°v kpc-£n-X-amb
\-S-∂- H-‰-s∏-´- Nne- kw-`-h-߃- \ne-\n-∂-sX∂v Npcp-°w.-''- ka-bw. lnμp kwL-S-\-I-fnse
F-ß-s\-bmWv- H-cp- {]-Xn-`m-k-am- AwK-ß-fm-bn-cp∂ Nne¿ Nne
Ip-∂X - v?'- '- km-bp-[-tk-\-bn-se- Nn-e-sc-bpw- kw`-hß - f
- n¬ Dƒs∏-´n-´p-≈-
Nn-e- "ln-μp-k-∂ym-kn-'-am-sc-bpw Xmbn Btcm-]n-°s - ∏-Sp--tºmgpw
B-¿-F-kv-F-kn-s\- A-]-Io¿-Øn- "tZ-im-`n-am-\'-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬- cw-K- _p≤n-tI-{μ-߃ as‰-hn-sStbm
s∏-Sp-Øm≥- e-£y-an-´p-≈X - m-Wv- Øn-d-°n- ap-…o-߃-s°-Xn-sc- A- BWv.''-
Nn-Zw-_-c-Øn-s‚- \n-cp-Ø-c-hm-Z-]- {I-a-Øn-\v- t{]-cn-∏n-°p-I-sb-∂-
c-am-b {]-kvX - m-h\ - I
- s- f-∂v- cmw- tUm.- kp-{_-“-Wy≥-kzm-an- Nq- Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ `oI-c-hmZ hnZ-
am-[-hv- Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p.- ""Im-hn-`o- ≠n-°m-´p-∂- tI-{μ- B-`y-¥-c- a- Kv≤≥ _n.-cm-a≥ ]-d-bp-∂-
I-cX- - F-∂X - p-sIm-≠v- F-¥m-Wv- {¥m-e-b-Øn-s‚- c-l-ky- A-P-≠- {it≤bamb Hcp Imcyhpw- C-Xn-
A¿-XvY - a - m-°p-∂s - X-∂v- hn-iZ- o-I- bp-sS- ]-iv-Nm-Ø-e-Øn¬- ]-cn- \v- Dt]m¬-_-e-I-am-bn- cmw- am-[-
cn-°m≥- I-pd-s®-¶n-epw- [o-c-X- Nn- hv- F-Sp-Øp-Im-´p-∂p: ""]mIn-ÿm-
Zw-_cw- Im-Wn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬- A- \n¬ Ibdn ASn-°msX PnlmZn
Xv- k-lm-bI-am-tb-s\.- Im-hn-`o-I- B¿-Fk - vF
- kv `oI-cX- sb t\cn-Sm-\m-hn-s√-
c-X-sb-°p-dn-®v- {]-kw-Kn-®- Nn-Zw- k¿kw-L-Nm-eIv taml≥ ∂mWv Rm\pƒs∏sS \nc-h-[n-
_-c-Øn-s‚- a-\- n¬- B¿-F-kv- `mK-h-Xn-s\-bpw tI{μ- t]¿ hf-sc-°m-e-ambn ]d-™p-
F-kv- t\-Xr-Xzw- \¬-Ip-∂- kw-L- t]m-cp-∂-Xv. AtX-k-abw ]mIn-
S-\-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v- Xo¿-®.- B- k-an-Xn-bwKw Ct{μjv ÿm-\n¬\n-∂p≈ sFF-kvsF
`y-¥-c-a-{¥n- X-s‚- {]-kw-K-Øn¬- Ipam-dn-t\bpw h[n-°m≥ ]n¥pWbp≈ Pnlm-Zn-It- fmSv
C-Øc - w- ]-Z{- ]tbm-Kß - ƒ- D-]- am-seKmhv tIknse A\p-`mhw ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-sc∂v
tbm-Kn-®X - v- Zu¿-`m-Ky-Ic - a- m-Wv.- Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ \ΩpsS kz¥w
Im-hn-`o-Ic - X- t- bm- A-Øc - Ø- n¬- {]Xn-Iƒ KqVm-tem-N\ Bfp-Iƒs°-Xnsc Cu
F-s¥-¶n-epw- {]-Xn-`m-k-tam- C-√.- \S-Øn-sb∂ hnhcw aÆn¬sh®v Fs¥-¶nepw {]Xn-
B¿-Fk - vF - t-  m- at‰-sX-¶n-epw- Imc \S-]SnIsf-Sp-°c - p-sX∂v
A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- ln-μp-kw-L-S-\-I- alm-cmjv{S Ak-w-ªn- D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
tfm- `o-Ic - X - b - p-sS- h-‡m-°t- fm- bn¬ B`y-¥c a{¥n-bm- Cu \m´nse ap…o-߃°v Xncn-
A-Xn-s\- ]n-¥p-W-°p-∂-h-tcm- bn-cp∂ B¿.-B¿.-]m-´o¬ ®Sn \¬Ip∂Xv ]mIn-ÿm-s\-Xn-
A-√. F-∂m¬- AXv B-`y-¥-c-a- cmb {]Xn-Imc \S-]-Sn-t]mse
{¥n-- \S-Ønb {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS ÿnco-I-cn-®-Xm-Wv. \ymbo-Ic - n-°m-hp-∂X- m-sW∂v
k-a-b-hpw- "D-t±-iy'-hpw- Dƒ-s∏-sS- C°mcyw ad-®p-]n-Sn-®p- hniz-kn-°p-∂X - mbn tXm∂p∂
bp-≈- F-√m- tN-m-Zy-߃-°p-ap-≈- sIm-≠mWv amse-Kmhv LS-I-߃ \ΩpsS kpc£m
D-Øc - a- m-Ip-∂n-√.- DtZym-Kÿhrμ-Øn¬ D≠m-hm-
tIknse {]Xn-I-fp-ambn \p≈ km[yX amseKmhv
B`y-¥c- h
- I
- p-∏ns‚ KqVm-tem-N\ _‘-s∏-SpØn APvao¿ kvt^mS-\-Øn-t‚bpw a‰p Nne
""BtKm-f- `oI-ch
- m-Zs
- Ø-°p-dn- kvt^mS-\-Øn¬ Ct{μ- kw`-hß - f - p-tSbpw At\z-jW - -
®p≈ N¿®-bn¬ lnμp As√- Øn¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-bn-´p-≠v.
¶n¬ Imhn`oI-ch - mZw F∂ jvIp-am-dns‚ t]-cv- C- \njvI-cpWw ]ngp-X-dn-tb≠
Bibw ÿm]n-s®-Sp-°m-\p≈ t∏mƒ- Ip‰-]-{X-Øn¬ B]¬°-c-amb Hcp Bi-b-am-
ZpjvS-amb Hcp X{¥-w - {]tbm-Kn- ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-≈-Xv. Wn-Xv.''
°p-Ib- m-Wv. lnμpkw-LS- \
- I
- fpw

38 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w 2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

(t]Pv 31¬ \n∂p XpS¿®)
Xangv kwKoX\mS-Iß - f- mb
"kZm-cm-a, lcn-›{μNcn-Xw',
"tImhn-e≥NcnXw', "Xmcm
iim¶w', "h≈n-Øn-cp-aWw' apX-
em-b-h -Rm≥ I≠p ckn-®Xv
Ggp-h-b- n\pw ]Xn-aq∂p hb-
 n-\p-an-Sb
- v°m-Wv. A°m-eØv
Rm≥ \mS-Iß - fpw sNdp-IY - I
- f- p-
sam-s°-sb-gp-Xn. \mS-Iß - f- n¬
[mcmfw ]m´p-Ifpw tN¿Øn-cp-
∂p. Ah ]mtS-≠-sX-ß-s\-
sb∂v ae-bn¬ Iq´n-°r-jvW≥
\mb¿ F∂ Kmb-I\ - p-ambn
N¿® sNbvXp. At±-l-Øn-s‚-b-
SpØv Hcm-gvN-tbmfw ]m´p-]-Tn-°p-
Ibpw "hmXm]n KW-]Xnw
`tPlw' F∂v imkv{Xo-bc - o-Xn-
bn¬ Xs∂ ]mSp-Ibpw sNøm≥
Ign-™p.
CsX√mw icn-bm-sW-¶nepw
tÃPn-e` - n-\b
- n-°m\p≠m-bn-cp∂
B{Klw k^-eo-I-cn-®Xv ]Xn-\-
©m-asØ hb- n¬ am{X-am-Wv.
tXUvt^m-dØ - n¬ ]Tn-®n-cp-∂-
t∏mƒ. F¶nepw As∂-\n°v
AsXmcp A\p-`-h-kmlyw am{X-
am-bn-cp∂p. Bth-≠-sX¥v F∂
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
t_m[w AXn-\p-ap-ºp-Xs∂ a\-
 n¬ cq]-s∏-´X
- p-sIm≠v.
kwkvIr-X] - T- \w XpS-ßnb
ImeØv Aa-c-tIm-i-hp-ambn ]cn-
N-b-s∏-´-t∏m-gmWv IhnX hfsc
Ffp-∏a - mbn tXm∂m≥ XpS-ßn-b-
Xv. hrØ-a-RvP-cn, tIc-f-]m-Wn-
\obw F∂o ]pkvXI-ßf - p-ambn
DSs\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´p. [mcmfw
Ihn-XI- ƒ t\m´p-]p-kvXI - ß- -
fn¬ Fgp-Xn-h-®p. BZyw t\m´p-
]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ FgpXn h®
IY-Ifpw \mS-Iß - f
- p-sa√mw
X´n≥]p-dØ - ps - Im≠pt]mbn
s]mXn-™p-sI-´nh-®p.
alm-Ihn h≈tØm-fns‚ j„n-
]q¿Øn tIc-fØ - n¬ DS-\ofw
BtLm-jn® kabw apX¬
h≈-tØmƒ IhnX Fs∂
AXy-[nIw BI¿jn-®n-cp-∂p.
kzbw Ihn-XI - ƒ \njv{]-bmkw
F-gp-Xm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v h∂-
t∏mƒ, F¥p-sIm≠v F\n°pw
Hcp Ihn-bm-bn-°qSm F∂
tXm∂ep-≠mbn Hcp Znhkw
Ipfn®v Ipdn-bn´v hS-s°-hn-
sStbm Ds≠∂v tI´-dn-hp≈
aqImw-_n-Isb [ym\n-°p--Ibpw
Hcp IS-em-kn¬ Fgp-Xn-h-bv°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. ""Fs∂ alm-
Ihn h≈-tØm-fn-s\-t∏mse Hcp
Ihn-bm-°W - w. AXm-bm¬ Hcp
IpS∂ sh≈n-bp-dp-∏nI Rm≥
tZhn-bpsS apºn¬ ImgvN-h-
bv°mw''.
F{X _men-i-amb {]m¿∞\!
H∂m-aXv tZho-tZh-∑m¿°v
ssI°qen sImSp-Øn´v Ihn-bm-
hm≥ B¿s°-¶nepw ]‰ptam?
c≠m-aXv Hcp Ihn-sb-t∏mse
as‰mcp Ihn Bbn-Øo-cptam?
Hcp hy‡n-sb-t∏mse as‰mcp
hy‡n C√ F∂t√ {]]-©-
Øn-s‚ khn-ti-jX Xs∂.
C{X-bp-sams° ]Xn-\©v hb-
 m-bt- ∏m-tgbv°pw F\n°v
t_m[y-ambn F∂p tXm∂p-∂p.
]n∂oSv B Ipdn∏v Rm≥ I≠n-
´n-√. F¶nepw Hcp IpS∂
sh≈n-bp-dp-∏nI aqImw-_n-Ib - n¬
sIm≠p-sN∂v hgn-]mSv sNøp-I-
sb-∂Xv Fs‚ e£y-ambn amdn-
bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬ Fs‚ hy‡n-
Xz-Øns‚ km^eyw Rm≥
I≠n-cn-°-Ww. hm°p-]m-en-°p-I-
sb-∂X - mWv Pohn-Xt- ØmSp
\ap°v \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ Ign-
tb≠ IS-a-I-fn¬ G‰hpw {][m-
\-am-b-Xv. tZhn-tbmSp ]d™
hm°mbn AXns\ ImW-Ws - a-
∂n-√˛ Ft∂m-Sp-Xs∂ ]d™
hm°mbn AXns\ I≠m¬a-Xn.
Cß-s\-sbms° Rm≥ hnNm-cn-
®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Bbn-c-Øn-
sØm-≈m-bn-cØn F¨]Øn
c≠v Ah-km\w aq∂m-asØ
XhW aqImw-_nI t£{Xw
kμ¿in-®-t∏mƒ Hcp IpS∂
sh≈n-bp-dp-∏nI hgn-]mSv
sNbvXv Fs‚ e£yw t\Sn.
AXn¬ F\n°v XnI™ Nmcn-
Xm¿∞y-hpap-≠m-bn.
A{Xbpw icn. Ihn-bm-hm≥
Rm≥ C\n-bp-sa-s¥m-s°tbm
sNtø-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. As√-
¶n¬ Ihn-bm-hp-∂-Xn¬, F¥m-
Wn{X IuXpIw sIm≈m-\p-≈-
Xv? Aßs\ Hcp tNmZy-amWv
Ct∏mƒ F\n°v Xe-th-Z\
kr„n-°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-\m-hp-I-
bt√ th≠Xv? B Imcy-Øn¬
h√ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpw Rm≥
t\Sntbm? Cs√-¶n¬ C\n AXn-
s\ms° ka-b-apt≠m?
C∂v Fs∂ \ng¬t]mse
Ft∏mgpw ]n¥p-S-cp∂ {][m-\-
{]iv\w CXs{X!
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v 39
 Kpcp-Pn-bpsS GI-Xz-Z¿i\w
XpS¿®
bpsS Pohn-X-hpw. kzman hnth-
Im-\-μ-t‚bpw {io Ac-hn-μ
t- ‚-bpw cmjv{S-k¶- e
- v]Ø- ns‚
XpS¿®-bm-bn-cp∂p Kpcp-Pn-bpsS
cmjv{S-Z¿i-\hpw. Ah-cpsS
{]`h-im-en-bm¿∂ {]h¿Ø-\-
Øns‚ XpS¿®-bmWv kwL-{]-
h¿Ø-\-hpw. KpcpPn kv]jvS-am-
°nb Cu cmjv{S-k-¶ev]w Fß-
s\-bmWv Zzncm-jvShm-Za - m-hp-I?
bYm¿∞ Zzncm-jv{S-hm-Zn-Iƒ
kzbw sh≈-]q-im-\mbn Kpcp-Pn-
sbbpw kwL-sØbpw A[n-
t£-]n®psIm≠n-cn-°p-Ib - t√
sNøp-∂Xv? Izn‰v C¥ym
kacsØ ]cm-Pb - s- ∏-Sp-Øm≥
{ian-®-hcpw tkmhn-b‰v djy
XIcpw F∂v ]d-™-Xn\v
Km‘n-Pnsb hna¿in-®-hcpw,
hn`-P-\sØ {]Xy-£-ambpw
]tcm-£a - mbpw ]n¥p-W® - X- m-
cmWv F∂-Xp-sa√mw `mc-X-N-cn-
{X-]-T-\-Øn-eqsS Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-
Ipw. Ncn-{X-t_m[w D≈-h¿°v
kwL-Øns‚ Ncn-{Xhpw Adn-
bm-\m-Ipw. kzbw henb t\Xm-
°fmsW∂v [cn-®n-cn-°p∂
Nne¿°v CXv a\- n-em-hm-ØXv
kwL-Øns‚ Ip‰-a-√. cmjv{S-sa-
s¥∂v Adn-bm≥ {ian-°p-tºm-
gmWv kwLw F¥n-s\-bmWv
{]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂Xv F∂v
hy‡-am-hp-I. kXym-t\z-j-W-
Øn¬ A`n-cp-Nn-bp-≈-h¿t°
CXn-te-°p≈ Nph-Sp-Iƒ
shbv°m-\m-hp-Ibp≈q.
40 KpcpPn kmln-Xy-k¿h-kz-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
Øn¬ At\Iw hna¿i-\-߃
D≠v. CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬,
kμ¿`-ßf - n¬\n∂pw AS¿Øn-
sb-SpØv Nne hmN-I-ßsf
CXm h¿§o-bh - mZw F∂ coXn-
bn¬ Bt£-]n®pImWm-dp-≠v.
KpcpPn IqSp-Xepw hna¿in-®Xv
sslμ-h-cpsS CS-bnse Ipg-∏-
ßsf Xs∂-bm-Wv F∂-Xm-Wv
Ch¿ ad-®p-sh-bv°p-∂Xv. CtX
am\-ZWvUw h®v At±-lsØ
lnμp-hn-cp-≤≥ F∂v ]d-bm-\m-
hptam? \mcm-b-W-Kp-cphpw N´-
ºn-kzm-anbpw hna¿i-\-߃ \S-
Øn-b-h-cm-Wv. aX-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-
sØbpw aX-kv]¿≤-sbbpw
Ah-cpw i‡-amb `mj-bn¬
A]-e-]n-®n´pw D≠v. \¿Ω-c-k-
Øn-ep-≈, F∂m¬ i‡amb
hna¿i\-߃ \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-
hns‚ kw`mjW-ß-fn¬
kpe`-am-Wv. N´-ºn-kzm-an-bm-Is´
"{InkvXp-aXtOZ\w' F∂
{KŸw Xs∂ Fgp-Xn. Ipam-c-
\m-im≥ aX-]-cn-h¿Ø\ ck-hm-
Zhpw FgpXn. Cusbmcp ]›m-
Ø-e-Øn¬ Kpcp-Pn-bpsS IrXn-
Isf ]p\¿hm-bn-t°-≠Xv A\n-
hm-cy-am-Wv. PmXn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈
Abn-Ø-Øn¬ hniz-kn-
°mØt]mse Xs∂ aX-߃
XΩn-ep≈ Abn-Ø-Ønepw
KpcpPn hniz-kn-®n√ F∂-Xns‚
At\Iw DZm-lc - W
- ß
- ƒ kmln-
Xy-k¿h-kz-Øn-ep-≠v.
1960 ¬ At±lw Fgp-Xn-bXv
{i≤n-°pI: "lnμpss]Xr-
IsØs®m√n Ah¿ A`n-am-\n-
°p-Ib - mWv th≠-Xv. tbip-tZ-
hs‚tbm apl-ΩZv \_n-bp-
sStbm D]m-k\ - m-am¿§-Øn¬
Ah¿ kzX-{¥-ambn k©-cn-®p-
sIm-≈-s´. ]t£, D]m-k-\-tbm-
sSm∏w Pohn-X-Ønse kºq¿Æ
hyh-lm-chpw amt‰≠ Bh-iy-
an√''. CXmWv At±-l-Øns‚
ka-\z-b-Z¿i-\w. hy‡n-]-c-amb
D]m-k\ - I - ƒ°v kzmX{¥yw
\¬Ip∂ H∂mWv lnμp-ho-£-
Ww. F∂m¬ CtXm-sSm∏w
Xs∂ aX-ta-Xm-bmepw
kmwkvIm-cn-Ia - mbn H∂m-sW∂
cmjv{S-`mhw D≠m-hW - w. ""aX-ta-
Xm-bmepw a\p-jy≥ \∂m-bm¬
aXn'' F∂v \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn\v
]d-bm≥ Ign-™Xv Cu B≤ym-
fln-I-kw-kvImcw aqe-am-Wv. a\p-
jy≥ \∂m-he - mWv kmwkvIm-
cnI{]{In-b. AXv aXm-Xo-X-am-
Wv, k\m-X-\-am-Wv ˛ k\m-X-\-
amb [¿Ωw. ""Abn [¿tΩm
k\m-Xt\m'' F∂ _p≤-k-¶-
ev]hpw kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv. AXn-
te-°p≈ am¿§w hnip-≤n-bp-tS-
Xm-Wv. ""Abn am¿t§m hnip-
≤nbm''. _p≤\pw [¿Ωhpw
kwLhpw Hm¿an-°pI. [¿Ωw
F∂-Xns\ KpcpPn ImWp-∂Xv
aX-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-√.
cmjv{S-Po-hn-XØ - ns‚ ASn-Ød - -
bmWv [¿Ωw. CsXmcp Zm¿i-
\nI\ne-bmWv. CXv a\- n-em-
°m≥ km[n-°mØ ]cn-an-X-hn-`-
h-cmb Fgp-Øp-Im¿ At±lw
\yq\-]£ - h - n-cp-≤\ - mWv F∂v
Fgp-Xn-h®v Xß-fpsS cmjv{So-b-
bP-am-\-∑m-cpsS kq‡-߃
Dcp-hn´psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. kz¥w
^mkn-ks - Øbpw PmXn-aX - N- n-¥-
I-sfbpw ad-®p-sh-°m-\mbn Kpcp-
Pnsb kh¿Æ h¿§ob
^mknÃv F∂v Btcm-]n-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ncn-{X-t_m[w
C√m-ØX - n¬\n∂mWv CØcw
]pe-º-ep-Iƒ D≠mhp-∂-Xv.
X߃°v a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-
°m-Ø-Xns\ ]cn-l-kn®v kwXr-
]vXn-b-S-bp∂ hnNn-{X-amb am\-
kn-Im-hÿ - b - mWv CXv.
aX-]c - n-h¿Ø-\s - Øbpw
h¿§ob kwL¿j-ßs - fbpw
\nin-X-ambn FXn¿°p-tºmgpw
kwLsØ CØcw {]Xn-k-‘n-
L-´ß- fn-eq-sS \bn-°p-tºm-gpw
an-Ãn-°p-Isf aX-t`-Z-at\y BZ-
cn-°m\pw Ah-cpsS XymK-sØ-
°p-dn®v kqNn-∏n-°m\pw Kpcp-
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v
Pn°v km[n-®Xv At±-lØns‚
GIm-flZ- r-jvSn-bm-em-Wv. tbip-tZ-
h-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Kpcp-Pn-bpsS
hm°p-Iƒ {it≤-b-am-Wv. :
""kq£vaZ- r-jvSym ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ
{InkvXp-a-X-{K-Ÿ-amb "hnip-≤-
ss_-_n-fn¬' tbip-tZ-hs‚
apJm-c-hn-μ-Øn¬\n∂pw \n¿K-
fn® hm°p-I-fn¬\n∂pw a\- n-
em-°mw, tbip-tZ-h≥ ÿm\ob
]cn-Xx-ÿnXnIfpw [mc-W-I-fp-an-
cn-s°-Øs∂ {]mtZ-inI `mjm-
am-[y-aØ
- n-eqsS {Im-¥Z- ¿in-I-
fmb `mc-Xob al¿jn-am-cpsS
kXy-kn-≤m-¥s - Ø-bmWv D]-tZ-
in-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v. ]s£,
AXp a\- n-em-°-W-sa-¶n¬
hnip-≤a - mb ho£-Wt- ØmsS
]Tn-t°-≠X - p-≠v.'' amXr-]q-Psb-
°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂n-SØv At±lw
tdma≥ ItØm-en-°-cp-sS tacn-am-
Xm-hn-t‚bpw tbip-hn-t‚bpw
Bcm-[-\-sb-°p-dn®p kqNn-∏n-
°p-∂p-≠v. k`-I-fpsS hna¿i-I-
\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ tbip-
hns‚ anÃn-kn-ksØ AXns‚
X\n-ab- n¬ Dƒs°m-≈m≥ {iocm-
a-Ir-jvW- ] - c - a
- l
- w-kc
- psS injy-
\mb kzman AJ-WvUm-\-μs‚
A¥-cwKinjy-\mb KpcpPn
tKmƒh¬°¿°v Ign-™Xv
kzm`m-hn-Ia - m-Wv. bmsXmcp
aSnbpw IqSmsX ss__nƒ
hmIy-ßt- fbpw At±lw kqNn-
∏n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CØ-c-
samcp hnim-e-X-bn-te°v
Db¿∂p]d-°m≥ At±-lsØ
{]m]vX\ - m-°n-bXv B≤ym-fln-I-
X-bpsS Nnd-Ip-I-fm-Wv. aX-
Øns‚ aXn¬s°-´p-Iƒ
XI¿Øv {]Xn-`sb BZ-cn®
t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p Kpcp-Pn
F∂Xpw Xa-kvI-cn-°m≥ {ian-
°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. 1951 se kwL-in-
£m-h¿Kn¬ \S-Ønb _u≤n-
ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 aIcw
aX-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-
sØbpw h¿§ob
kwL¿j-ß-sfbpw
\nin-X-ambn FXn¿°p-
tºmgpw kwLsØ
CØcw {]Xn-k-‘n-L-´-
ßfn-eq-sS \bn-°p-tºm-
gpw an-Ãn-°p-Isf aX-t`-
Z-at\y BZ-cn-°m\pw
Ah-cpsS XymK-sØ-°p-
dn®v kqNn-∏n-°m\pw
Kpcp-Pn°v km[n-®Xv
At±-lØns‚ GIm-
fl-Zr-jvSn-bm-em-Wv.
°n¬ bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I¿ CjvSs
SmØ Hcp hkvXpX Xpd-∂-Sn®p:
""kq¿Zm-kn-s\-°mfpw t{ijvT-
amb Imhyw aenIv apl-ΩZv
Pmbkn cNn-®n-´p-≠v.'' Hcp
h¿§obhmZn°v Cßs\ ]d-bm-
\m-hptam? aX-߃°v A∏p-d-
ap≈ Hcp AXo-X-X-e-sØ-bmWv
At±lw kqNn-∏n-°m≥ {ian-®-
Xv. tj°v apl-Ω-Zv, aenIv apl-
ΩZv Pmb-kn, ck-Jm≥ XpSßnb
anÃn-°p-Isf°pdn-®p≈ At±-l-
Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ At±-l-
Øns‚ ho£-Wh - n-im-eX- b
- psS
At\Iw DZm-lc - W- ß- f- n¬ {]ap-
J-am-bh
- b
- m-Wv. aX-taXpw
BIs´ Ah-\-hs‚ D]m-k-\-
bn¬ Bflm¿∞X ImWn-°p-∂-
Xn-emWv Imcyw F∂-Xn-emWv
KpcpPn Du∂n--b-Xv. CXn¬ F¥v
^mkn-ka - m-Wp-≈Xv? hwi-l-
Xy°v t{]c-Ia - mb F¥mWv
CXn-ep-≈Xv? aX-ta-Xm-bmepw
kmwkvIm-cn-Ia - mb A¿∞-Øn¬
cm{„-hp-ambn Bfl-km¬°-
cWw D≠m-IWw F∂ `mh-at√
kmtlm-Zc - y-Øn-t‚Xv BhpI?
kmwkvIm-cn-Ia - mb Cu GI-Xz-
ho-£Ww Xs∂-bt√ icn-bmb
atX-Xc - Xzw? `mc-Xo-bX - b- psS
t{kmX- t√ CXv? KwKm{]hm-l-
amIp∂ cmjv{S-Po-hn-XØ - ns‚
tKmap-Ja - m-Ip∂ t{kmX- t√
KpcpPn DZvtLm-jn® kmwkvIm-
cn-IZ¿i\w? At∏mƒ]ns∂
cmjv{S-lnXw B{K-ln-°p-∂h - ¿
kwL-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-te°v IqSp-
X¬ kPoh-amhp-Ib - t√
th≠Xv? Km‘nPn-bpsSbpw
tUm. Awt_-ZvId - p-sSbpw
k¿Zm¿ h√-`mbv ]t´-en-t‚bpw
hnt\m_m `mthbptS-bpw
tUmw.dmw at\m-l¿ temly-bp-
tSbpw Pb-{]-Imiv \mcm-bW - -
- ∏- t‚bpw kwLsØ°pdn-®p≈
ImgvN∏ - m-Sp-Isf Xa-kvIc - n-°m≥
{ian-°p-∂, kwL-N-cn-{X-
sØbpw KpcpPn kmln-Xy-k¿h-
kz-sØbpw t\cmwhÆw adn-®p-
t\m-°m≥t]mepw an\-s°SmsX
h¿§o-bX - sb {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥
F∂ hymtP\ kwL-hn-cp≤
teJ-\k - rjvSn \S-Øp-∂h - c - psS
Im]Syw Xncn-®d - n-tb-≠X - p-≠v.
Kpcp-Pn-tKmƒh¬°-dpsS kmln-
Xy-k¿hkzw hmbn-®n-´n√ F∂p
Xs∂-bmWv kwLsØ hna¿in-
®p-sIm≠v teJ-\-߃ Fgp-Xp-
Ibpw {]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂ {]ap-J-cmb ]ecpw
hy‡n-]c - a- mb kw`m-jW - Ø - n¬
]d-™p-tI-´n- ´p≈Xv.
At∏mƒ]ns∂ Ch-cpsS hna¿i-
\-ßf - n¬ F¥v kXy-k‘ - X - b - m-
Wp-≈Xv? AXn-\m¬ {]nb-s∏´
ae-bmfn _p≤n-Po-hn-Itf,
\n߃ BZyw KpcpPn
tKmƒh¬°-dpsS IrXn-Iƒ
k{i-≤w hmbn-°p-I, F∂n-
41
´mhmw hna¿i\w.
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v

4˛mw t]Pn¬\n∂pw XpS¿®
B¿-F-kv-Fkv tZio-b-hn-Imcw
I- f n¬ ]e h¿KobIem- ] -
߃°p-]n-∂nepw B¿-F-kv-F-
kn\p ]¶p- s ≠∂v hcp- Ø n-
Øo¿°m≥ {ia-ßf - p-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.
F∂m¬ CtX- ° p- d n- s ®ms°
At\z-jn-°m≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´
hnhn[ IΩo- j - \ p- I ƒ kwL-
Øn\v AXn-sem∂pw bmsXmcp
]¶p-an-s√∂v Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-ap-≠v.
Al-Ω-Zm-_mZv Iem-]-sØ-°p-dn-
®p≈ 1969 se PKv t am- l ≥
sdUv V n dnt∏m¿´v , 1970 se
_n_mμn Iem-]-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈
am‚¨ dnt∏m¿´v, 197-1 se Xe-
t»cn Iem-]s - Ø-°p-dn-®p≈ hnX-
b-Øn¬ dnt∏m¿´v, 1979 se Pmwj-
Uv ] q¿ Iem- ] - s Ø- ° p- d n- ® p- ≈
PntX{μ \mcm-b¨ dn-t∏m¿´v, 1982
se I\ym-Ip-amcn Iem-]-sØ-°p-
dn®p≈ thWp-tKm-]m¬ dnt∏m¿´v,
1989 se _K¬]q¿ Iem-]-sØ-
°p-dn-®p≈ dnt∏m¿´v F∂nh ]cn-
tim- [ n- ® m¬ C°mcyw a\-   n-
emIpw.
hy‡n-hnIm-kØ - n-eqsS kam-
P- h n- I - k \w F∂- X mWv
kwLØns‚ BXy- ¥ nI
e£yw. hy‡n\n¿am-WØ - n-eq-sS-
b-√msX kmaq-ln-I-c-N\ k¿Km-
fl-I-am-hn-s√∂v kwL-ÿm-]-I-
\mb tUmIvS¿Pn°v Adn-b-am-bn-
cp-∂p. hy‡n-bpsS ]cn-]q¿WX
Ahs\ Atß-b‰w i‡n-a-Øm-
°p- ∂ p- s h- ∂ Xv C∂sØ
GsXmcp B[p-\nI Kth-jW - hpw
ASnh- c - b n- ´ p- ] - d - b p- ∂ - X p- a m- W v .
\nXy-im-Js - b∂ kmwkvIm-cn-I]
cn-io-e-\-Øn-eqsS imco-cn-Ihpw
am\-kn-Ih - p-amb hy‡n-Xz-\n¿Ωm-
W-amWv \S-°p-∂X - .v kwL-Øns‚
GsXmcp ]cn-]m-Sn-bnepw BtLm-
j-Ønepw CØcw \n¿Ωm-Wm-fl-
I-amb `mh-߃ Z¿in-°m-\m-hpw.
Ah-K-Wn-°m-\m-hmØ AXns‚
A®-S-°]q¿WX I≠v hntZ-in-
Iƒ hsc Aº-c-∂p-t]m-bn´p≠v.
AXv {Ian-I-amb X]x-Xp-ey-amb
hy‡n-Xz-hn-Im-kØ -- ns‚ `mK-am-
Wv. Cu hnIm-k-amWv am\-hs\
42 ln-μp-hn-iz- 1186 Ipw`w
AXn-am-\-h-\m-°p-∂Xv. {]Ir-Xn-
t£m-`ß - f - n¬, kmaq-ly-Zp-c¥ - ß
- -
fn¬ F√mw klm-b-l-kvX-hp-
ambn ap∂n-´n-d-ßm≥ Bcp-sSbpw
Blzm- \ - Ø n\v ImØp- \ n¬-
°msX kzbw-tkhIs\ t{]cn-∏n-
°p- ∂ Xv kam- P - t N- X - \ sb
AXns‚ AssZz-Xm-fl-I-t_m-[-
Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≠n-´p-≈-Xn-\m-em-
Wv. hy‡nbpw kaq- l hpw
AsX√mw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ cmjv{Shpw
thdn´v ImtW-≠h - b
- √
- . Cu Bfl-
`m-h-Øns‚ A\p-kva-c-W-amWv
2001 KpP- d mØv `qI- º sØ
XpS¿∂pw 1971 se Hdo-k-bnepw
1977¬ B{‘m-{]-tZ-inepw D≠mb
{]Ir- X n- t £m- ` - ß sf XpS¿∂v ,
1999¬ D≠mb Im¿Kn¬
bp≤sØ XpS¿∂pw, 2004 se
kp\mansb XpS¿∂pw, 1993 se
alm-cm-jv{Sbnse emØq¿ `qI-
ºsØ XpS¿∂v , Zpcn- X - _ m- [ n-
X¿°n-Sbn¬ kwL-Øns‚ tkhm-
`m-h-Øns‚ ams‰m-en-bmbn I≠-
Xv. kztX kwL-hn-cp≤ AP-≠-
bp≈ am[y- a - ß ƒ°p- t ]m- e pw
Ah-KW - n-°m-\m-hmØXmbn-cp∂p
kwL-Øns‚ Cu tkhm-i-‡n.
kmaq-lnIka-c-k-X-bnepw
`mhm-fl-I-amb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-߃
krjvSn-°m≥ hfsc Npcp-ßnb
Ime-߃°p-≈n¬ Xs∂ kwL-
Øn\v km[n-®n-´p-≠.v C¥y≥ kaq-
l-Øn¬ cqV-aq-ea - mb PmXn-hy-h-
ÿn-Xn-bpsS {]_-eX - sb kwLw
t\cn- ´ Xpw t\cn- S p- ∂ Xpw ]T-
- - \m¿l-am-Wv. ]m¿iz-h-XvI-cn-°-
s∏´ kaq-l-ßsf apJy[m-c-bn-
te°v sIm≠p-hc - p-∂X - n\pw PmXo-
btam D]- P m- X o- b tam Bb
bmsXmcp hn`m-Ko-b-Xbpw _m[n-
°m- X n- c n- ° m\pw kwLw
]pe¿Ønb IrXy-\njvT Gsd
t∏sc BI¿jn-®-Xm-Wv. AXp-
sIm-≠mWv 1939 ¬ ]qs\-bnse
kwL-Iymw]v kμ¿in® tUm.-`o-
a-dmhp Awt_-ZI v ¿ Cßs\ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv: "" This is the first time
that I am visiting the camp of Sang
Volunters . I am happy to find abso-
lute equality between savaraniyas
(Upper cast) and Harijans (Lower
cast) without any one being aware
of such difference existing.'' Cu
Iymw]n¬ sXm´p-IqSm-Øh - c
- p-t≠m-
sb-∂ At±-lØ - ns‚ At\z-jW - -
Øn\v tUmIvS¿Pn \¬Inb adp-
]Sn ChnsS sXm´p-Iq-Sp-∂hcpw
sXm´p-Iq-Sm-Ø-h-cp-an√. ChnsS
lnμp-°-tf-bp-≈q-sh-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.
CXv Awt_-ZvIsd Gsd k¥p-
jvS\- m-°n.
1962 C¥ym˛ssN\m bp≤-
Øn¬ kwL-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ tZi-c-
£m¿∞w ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn.
XpS¿∂v 1963 ¬ C¥y-bpsS dn∏-
ªnIv Z n\]tc- U n¬ A∂sØ
{][m- \ - a {¥n Ph- l ¿em¬
s\lvdp-hns‚ £W-{]-Imcw ]s¶-
Sp-°p-I-bp-ap-≠mbn. 1965epw 1971
epw \S∂ C¥y˛]mIv bp≤-
Ønepw kwL-{]-h¿Ø-I-cpsS
A\n-tj-[y-amb tkh-\l - k
- X
v ß
- -
fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Cu Ncn-{X-bm-Ym¿∞y-ß-sf-
sb√mw Ah-kc - h
- m-Z]
- c
- a- mb Nne
cmjv{Sob Xm¬]-cy-߃°p-th-≠n-
A- ∏ msS \ntj- [ n- ° p- I - b mWv
cmjv { Sob kzbw- t k- h - I - k w-
LsØ `oI-c{- ]-ÿm-\a- mbn Nn{Xo-
I-cn-°p-I-hgn sNøp-∂-Xv. Xo¿®-
bmbpw CØcw \o°- ß ƒ
\ΩpsS AJ-WvU-Xbv°p t\sc-
bp≈ B{I-a-W-ß-fmbn am{Xta
ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bq. sshtZ-inI
Nmc-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS \nKq-V-a-
kvXn-jI v Ø- n¬\n-∂p-amWv CØcw
D]-Pm-]ß - ƒ s]m-´n-ap-fb - ° v p-∂X- .v
F∂m-¬, F{X lo\-amb am¿K-
߃ Ah-ew-_n-®mepw XI¿°m-
\m- h m- Ø - X mWv kwL- i - ‡ n.
Hcp]m- S p- t]- c psS X]-   ns‚
]pWy-am-W-Xns‚ Icp-Øv. hniz-
lnμp]cn-jØv, t£{X-kw-c-£-
W-ka - n-Xn, _me-tKm-Ipew XpSßn
At\Iw {]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS amXr-
kw- L - S - \ - b mb kwL- Ø ns‚
{]h¿Ø\]Ÿm- h n¬ CØcw
sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ°v Aev]m-bp- m- b - n-
cn-°pw. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, kwL-
sØ-°p-dn-®v, kwL-{]ÿm\-ß-
sf-°p-dn®v t\cns‚ `mj-bn¬
Ipd®v hnh-c-߃ \¬Im≥ Cu
e°w hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.
2011 s^{_p-hcn ˛ am¿®v