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8.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Gives chance to foresee flaws & inadequacies
(anticipates problems)\par\pard\li605\sb68\sl-460\slmult0\fi0\tx1445 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 9.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Incorporates by learning
from others critical comments & evaluations\par\pard\li605\sb67\sl-
460\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 10. Like a successful
journey,\par\pard\li605\sb63\sl-414\slmult0\fi720\tx2045 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs36 9\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 Broadens your
mind\par\pard\li605\sb64\sl-414\slmult0\fi720\tx2045 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs36 9\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
\ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 Gives fascinating & exciting
experience\par\pard\li605\sb63\sl-414\slmult0\fi720\tx2045 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs36 9\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 Gives insight into world
around you\par\pard\li605\sb64\sl-414\slmult0\fi720\tx2045 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs36 9\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 Provides opportunity to meet
people\par\pard\li605\sb63\sl-414\slmult0\fi720\tx2045 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs36 9\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 Gives fun and reward, but at
times, very tedious & monotonous too\par\pard\li605\sb0\sl-
414\slmult0\par\pard\li605\sb128\sl-414\slmult0\fi10279 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36
contd...\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13149 \up0 \expndtw-
3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs24 M S Sridhar,
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3\charscalex100 Research Methodology
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�\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf18\f19\fs36 Resources
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research is most expensive & difficult to justify \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 -
External sponsorship & constraints imposed \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex98 -
Use \u8216?Quick & Dirty Research\u8217? as a basis to plan
\par\pard\li725\sb55\sl-414\slmult0\fi0\tx1565 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96
\ul0\nosupersub\cf20\f21\fs36 �\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96
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�\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf18\f19\fs36 Aim to arrive on
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Monitor the progress\par\pard\li725\sb70\sl-414\slmult0\fi0\tx1565 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf20\f21\fs36 �\tab \up0
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it\ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 : Research report, articles,
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460\slmult0\fi0\tx1394 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 \u8226?\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 Identify & delimit variables\par\pard\li485\sb68\sl-
460\slmult0\fi0\tx1394 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 \u8226?\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 Cautious about differences concerning cause & effect
(Illustration)\par\pard\li485\sb67\sl-460\slmult0\fi0\tx1394 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \u8226?\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Chooses appropriate
combination of methods and techniques based\par\pard\li485\sb1\sl-427\slmult0\fi909
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 on:\par\pard\li485\sb111\sl-
414\slmult0\fi880\tx3744\tx9342 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
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Possible implications of results\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 3. Overall
environment\par\pard\li485\sb71\sl-414\slmult0\fi898\tx5302\tx9641 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 4. Current knowledge\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 5.
Suitability to problem\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 6. Available
resources\par\pard\li485\sb11\sl-414\slmult0\fi909\tx7573 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 7. Competence of researcher & staff\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 8. Kind of data
required\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13254 \up0 \expndtw-
3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs24 M S Sridhar,
ISRO\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx6450\posy10247\absw7409 \up0 \expndtw-
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\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs40 QUALITATIVE\par\pard\ql
\li560\ri95\sb28\sl-506\slmult0\fi10 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
-\ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs40 Understanding of event or \line \up0
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\expndtw0\charscalex97 - Less structured instruments \line \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf26\f27\fs48 -\ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs40
Convenience or purposive (non \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 random)
samples\par\pard\ql \li4738\sb55\sl-414\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 Contd..
\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13149 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs24 M S Sridhar,
ISRO\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx6450\posy10247\absw7304 \up0 \expndtw-
3\charscalex100 Research Methodology
3\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx13487\posy10247\absw267 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
12

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\li20\ri633\sb136\sl-433\slmult0\tx570 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
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\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf27\f28\fs40
�\ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs40 Data over extended period of time \line \up0
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3\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx13487\posy10247\absw366
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\li1212\sb63\sl-414\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
\ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 - Simple & fruitful in\par\pard\ql \li1932\sb1\sl-
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\li1932\sb2\sl-389\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 developing
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developed &\par\pard\ql \li1932\sb2\sl-389\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
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\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex99 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36
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414\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs36 - Meeting
people with practical\par\pard\ql \li1190\sb1\sl-384\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 experience for new outlook, ideas,\par\pard\ql
\li1190\sb2\sl-389\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 advanced thinking, insight
into\par\pard\ql \li1190\sb2\sl-389\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
relationship between variables\par\pard\ql \li740\sb68\sl-414\slmult0 \up0
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\li740\sb63\sl-414\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex99 - Provides practical
possibilities\par\pard\ql \li6612\sb0\sl-389\slmult0 \par\pard\ql
\li20\ri210\sb173\sl-389\slmult0\tx570\tx570 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex98
\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 C.\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 ANALYSIS OF \u8216?
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\ul0\nosupersub\cf34\f35\fs35 Types of\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex106
Design\par\pard\li620\sb0\sl-402\slmult0\par\pard\li620\sb4\sl-
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\expndtw0\charscalex106 FORMULATIVE /\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex106
DESCRIPTIVE /\par\pard\li620\sb2\sl-402\slmult0\fi4421\tx9501 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex108 EXPLORATORY\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex108
DIAGNOSTIC\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw9341\colsr160\colno2\colw47
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different\par\pard\ql \li5041\sb0\sl-402\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex107
aspects\par\pard\ql \li620\sb0\sl-402\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li620\sb2\sl-
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Observational design\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex108 Unstructured\par\pard\ql
\li5041\sb0\sl-402\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex108 Instruments\par\pard\ql
\li620\sb0\sl-402\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li620\sb3\sl-402\slmult0\tx5036 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex108 Operational design\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex109 No
fixed decisions\par\pard\column \ql \li20\sb275\sl-402\slmult0 \up0
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\li9501\sb0\sl-402\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li20\sb1\sl-402\slmult0 \up0
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\par\pard\ql \li20\sb3\sl-402\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex108 Preplanned
design\par\pard\ql \li9501\sb0\sl-402\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li9501\sb0\sl-
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instruments\par\pard\qj \li9501\sb0\sl-404\slmult0 \par\pard\qj \li20\ri987\sb1\sl-
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\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13149 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
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\expndtw0\charscalex98 groups that are already different in some respect and
searches in retrospect for \line \tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex98 the difference.
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368\slmult0\fi0\tx1242 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf40\f41\fs32
1.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Suits where more rigorous approach is not
possible\par\pard\li494\sb58\sl-368\slmult0\fi0\tx1242 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
2.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex98 As a valuable exploratory tool, yields useful
information concerning the nature of\par\pard\li494\sb1\sl-346\slmult0\fi840
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 phenomena\par\pard\li494\sb58\sl-368\slmult0\fi0\tx1243
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setting up of experiment causes artificiality\par\pard\li494\sb58\sl-
368\slmult0\fi0\tx1242 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 4.\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 Suits where simple cause-and-effect relationships are being
explored\par\pard\li494\sb57\sl-368\slmult0\fi0\tx1242 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
5.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Can give a sense of direction and fruitful
source of hypotheses\par\pard\qj \li494\ri685\sb73\sl-340\slmult0\tx1334 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf36\f37\fs32 Disadvantages: Lack of control
and inability to manipulate the independent variable \line\tab \up0
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\par\pard\qj \li494\ri431\sb100\sl-340\slmult0\tx1334 \up0
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7. Fails to single out the really significant factor or factors \par\pard\ql
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events have multiple rather than single causes \par\pard\ql \li494\sb52\sl-
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confirmation \par\pard\li605\sb135\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx6450\tx13487 \up0 \expndtw-
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\u8226? \tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Experimental group (E) exposed
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data \par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13149 \up0 \expndtw-
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\par\pard\li1145\sb72\sl-414\slmult0\fi0\tx2045 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
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\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Anderson, Janathan,
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writing\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 . New Delhi:\par\pard\li614\sb1\sl-
384\slmult0\fi719 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Wiley, 1970.\par\pard\li614\sb69\sl-
414\slmult0\fi0\tx1334 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 2.\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 Best, Joel. \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Damned lies and
statistics.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 California: University
of\par\pard\li614\sb1\sl-384\slmult0\fi719 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 California
Press, 2001.\par\pard\qj \li614\ri1198\sb69\sl-400\slmult0\tx1334\tx1334 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 3. \tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 Best, Joel.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 More damned lies and statistics; how numbers confuse
\line\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 public issues.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36
Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004 \par\pard\qj \li614\ri415\sb97\sl-
380\slmult0\tx1334\tx1334 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 4. \tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 Body, Harper W Jr. et.al. \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36
Marketing research: text and cases.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 Delhi: All
\line\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 India Traveler Bookseller, 1985.
\par\pard\li614\sb78\sl-414\slmult0\fi0\tx1334 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
5.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Booth, Wayne C, et. al.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 The craft of research.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 2
ed. Chicago: The\par\pard\li614\sb1\sl-384\slmult0\fi719 \up0
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preparing electronic manuscripts: For authors and \line\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex98 publishers.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 Chicago: The
University of Chicago Press, 1987. \par\pard\qj \li614\ri757\sb97\sl-
380\slmult0\tx1334\tx1334 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 7. \tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 Cohen, Louis and Manion, Lawrence.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Research methods in education. \line\tab \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 London: Routledge, 1980.
\par\pard\li605\sb80\sl-414\slmult0\fi9\tx1334 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96
8.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 Goode, William J and Hatt, Paul K.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Methods on social research.\par\pard\li605\sb1\sl-
384\slmult0\fi729 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 London;
Mc Graw Hill, 1981.\par\pard\li605\sb70\sl-414\slmult0\fi9\tx1334 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex96 9.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 Gopal, M.H.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 An introduction to research procedures in social
sciences.\par\pard\li605\sb1\sl-384\slmult0\fi729 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96
\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 Bombay: Asia Publishing House,
1970.\par\pard\li605\sb70\sl-414\slmult0\fi9\tx1334 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96
10.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 Koosis, Donald J.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Business statistics.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 New
York: John Wiley,1972.\par\pard\li605\sb63\sl-414\slmult0\fi9\tx1334 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex96 11.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 Kothari, C.R.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Research methodology: methods and
techniques.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 2 ed.,\par\pard\li605\sb1\sl-
384\slmult0\fi729 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 New Delhi: Vishwaprakashan,
1990.\par\pard\li605\sb182\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx6450\tx13487 \up0 \expndtw-
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marketing.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 London: Mc-Graw
Hill,\par\pard\li612\sb1\sl-384\slmult0\fi960 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97
1984.\par\pard\ql \li612\sb60\sl-414\slmult0\tx1572 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 14.
\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Salvatoe, Dominick. \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36
Theory and problems of statistics and \par\pard\ql \li1572\sb1\sl-372\slmult0
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units.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 Singapore: Mc Graw Hill , 1981. \par\pard\ql
\li612\sb69\sl-414\slmult0\tx1571 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 16. \tab \up0
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372\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 and information
scientists.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 London: Library Association, 1990.
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Turabian, Kate L. \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 A manual for writers of term
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\expndtw0\charscalex97 dissertations.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 6 ed. Chicago:
The University of Chicago, 1996. \par\pard\ql \li612\sb69\sl-414\slmult0\tx1572
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 19. \tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Young, Pauline
V. \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Scientific social surveys and
research.\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs36 New Delhi: \par\pard\ql \li1572\sb1\sl-
372\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Prentice-Hall of India Ltd., 1984.
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\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 Walizer, Michael H and Wienir, Paul L.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs36 Research methods and \par\pard\ql \li1572\sb1\sl-
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1995.\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13149 \up0 \expndtw-
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00145145007ffd9}}}}}\pard\sb0\sl-240{\b
kmkstart Pg27}{\bkmkend Pg27}\par\pard\ql \li460\sb484\sl-552\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf45\f46\fs48 About the Author
\par\pard\qj \li460\ri287\sb490\sl-526\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex98
\ul0\nosupersub\cf46\f47\fs44 Dr. M. S. Sridhar is a post graduate in
Mathematics and Business \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 Management and a
Doctorate in Library and Information Science. He \line \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex98 is in the profession for last 36 years. Since 1978, he is
heading the Library \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 and Documentation Division
of ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore. Earlier \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex98 he
has worked in the libraries of National Aeronautical Laboratory
\line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex97 (Bangalore), Indian Institute of Management
(Bangalore) and University \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 of Mysore. Dr.
Sridhar has published 4 books, 81 research articles, 22 \line \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 conferences papers, written 19 course materials for BLIS and
MLIS, made \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 over 25 seminar presentations and
contributed 5 chapters to books. \ul0\nosupersub\cf47\f48\fs44 E-mail: \line
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf48\f49\fs44
sridharmirle@yahoo.com\ul0\nosupersub\cf46\f47\fs44 ,
mirle\ul0\nosupersub\cf48\f49\fs44 sridhar@gmail.com\ul0\nosupersub\cf46\f47\fs44 ,
sridhar@isac.gov.in\ul0\nosupersub\cf49\f50\fs44 ; \line \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf47\f48\fs44
Phone:\ul0\nosupersub\cf46\f47\fs44 91-80-25084451; \ul0\nosupersub\cf47\f48\fs44
Fax:\ul0\nosupersub\cf46\f47\fs44 91-80-25084476.
\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx605\posy10247\absw13149 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs24 M S Sridhar,
ISRO\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx6450\posy10247\absw7304 \up0 \expndtw-
3\charscalex100 Research Methodology
3\par\pard\qj\pvpg\phpg\posx13487\posy10247\absw267 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
27\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24}

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