Formula Sheet for LSU Physics 2101, Exam 1, Fall ’10

Units:
1 m = 39.4 in = 3.28 ft 1 mi = 5280 ft 1 min = 60 s, 1 day = 24 h 1 rev = 360◦ = 2π rad
Constants:
g = 9.8 m/s2
√
−b ± b2 − 4ac
Quadratic formula: for ax2 + bx + c = 0, x1,2 =
2a
q
Magnitude of a vector: |~
a| = a2x + a2y + a2z
 
Dot Product: ~a · ~b = ax bx + ay by + az bz = |~a| ~b cos(φ) (φ is smaller angle between ~a and ~b)
 
   
Cross Product: ~a × ~b = (ay bz − az by )ı̂ + (az bx − ax bz )̂ + (ax by − ay bx )k̂, a × ~b = |~
~ a| ~b sin(φ)
   

Equations of Constant Acceleration:

linear equation along x missing missing rotational equation
vx = vox + ax t x − xo θ − θo ω = ωo + αx t
1 1
x − xo = vox t + ax t2 vx ω θ − θo = ωo t + αt2
2 2
vx2 = vox
2 + 2a (x − x )
x o t t ω 2 = ωo2 + 2α(θ − θo )
1 1
x − xo = (vox + vx )t ax α θ − θo = (ωo + ω)t
2 2
1 1
x − xo = vx t − ax t2 vox ωo θ − θo = ωt − αt2
2 2
1
Vector Equations of Motion for Constant Acceleration: ~
r=~
ro + ~
vo t + at2 ,
~ ~
v=~
vo + ~
at
2
Projectile Motion: (with + direction pointing up from Earth)
1
x − xo = (vo cos θo )t y − yo = (vo sin θo )t − gt2
2
v x = vo cos θo vy = (vo sin θo ) − gt
gx2 vo2 sin(2θo )
vy2 = (vo sin θo )2 − 2g(y − yo ) y = (tan θo )x − R=
2(vo cos θo )2 g
~ = m~
X
Newton’s Second Law: F a
mv 2 2πr
Uniform circular motion: Fc = = mac T =
r v
Force of Friction: Static: fs ≤ fs,max = µs FN , Kinetic: fk = µk FN
Elastic (Spring) Force: Hooke’s Law F = −kx (k = spring (force) constant)
1
Kinetic Energy (nonrelativistic): Translational K = mv 2
2
Work: Z xf Z rf
W =F ~ · d~ (constant force), W = F (x)dx (variable 1-D force), W = ~ (~
F r ) · d~
r (variable 3-D force)
xi ri

Work - Kinetic Energy Theorem: W = ∆K = Kf − Ki where W is the net work

Work done by weight (gravity close to the Earth surface): g · d~

W =m~
x2f
!
x2i
Z xf
Work done by a spring force (F = −kx): W = −k x dx = −k −
xi 2 2
Power:
W dW
Average: Pavg = ~ ·~
, P =F vavg (const. force) Instantaneous: P = ~ ·~
, P =F v (const. force)
∆t dt