330d Service Training

SERV1852-02
October 2008
GLOBAL SERVICE LEARNING
TECHNICAL PRESENTATION
320D-336D HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS -

TIER III ENGINES
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM AND MONITOR
Service Training Meeting Guide

(STMG)
320D-336D HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS -
TIER III ENGINES
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM AND MONITOR
AUDIENCE
Level II - Service personnel who understand the principles of machine systems operation,
diagnostic equipment, and procedures for testing and adjusting.
CONTENT
This presentation provides an introduction and describes the components and systems operation
of the 320D-336D electronic control system and monitor. Additional presentations will cover
the machine walkaround, engines, pumps and controls, main control valve group, swing system,
travel system, and tool control systems in more detail. This presentation may be used for self-
paced and self-directed training.
OBJECTIVES
After learning the information in this presentation, the technician will be able to:
1. identify the components and explain the operation of the 320D-336D electronic control
system and monitor, and
2. diagnose problems in the electronic control system.
REFERENCES
320D Hydraulic Excavator Specalog AEHQ5856
Machine Monitoring System - Systems Operation RENR8068
Self-study "300D Series Hydraulic Excavators, 345C Hydraulic Excavator,
and 365C & 385C Large Hydraulic Excavators SERV7032
iTIM " '300C' Series Hydraulic Excavators-Electronic Control Systems" SERV2693
iTIM "325C Hydraulic Excavators-Hydraulic Systems" SERV2701
325D Hydraulic Schematic KENR6157
Estimated Time: 1 hour

Illustrations: 24
Form: SERV1852-02
Date: September 2008
© 2008 Caterpillar
SERV1852-02 -3- Text Reference
10/01 Electronic Control System
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM.........................................................................................5

Engine Speed Control ...........................................................................................................12
Automatic Engine Speed Control (AEC) .............................................................................13
One Touch Low Idle .............................................................................................................15
Engine Speed Protection.......................................................................................................16
Visconic Demand Fan Cooling System................................................................................20
Hydraulic Demand Fan Cooling System..............................................................................22
Travel Speed Control ............................................................................................................24
Pump Regulation...................................................................................................................26
Swing Brake Operation.........................................................................................................28
Heavy Lift Mode...................................................................................................................30
Back-up System ....................................................................................................................31
MONITOR ..................................................................................................................................34
CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................................38
PREREQUISITES
"Fundamentals of Mobile Hydraulics Self Study Course" TEMV3002
"Fundamentals of Power Train Self Study Course" TEMV3003
"Fundamentals of Electrical Systems Self Study Course" TEMV3004
"Fundamentals of Engines Self Study Course" TEMV3001
NOTES
Nomenclature Change: During the fourth quarter of 2008, the 325D and 330D
nomenclature changed. The 325D became the 329D and the 330D became the 336D for
most arrangements.
The exceptions are as follows:
- The nomenclature for the 325D MH and 330D MH did not change.
- The nomenclature for the 325D FM and 330D FM did not change.
- The 325D HD HW did not change into 329D HD HW. This model is being discontinued.
However, the 330D HD HW changed to the 336D HD HW.
320D - 336D MACHINE ECM

Key Start Switch
INPUTS AND OUTPUTS Engine Speed Dial Back-up
Power Shift Pressure Solenoid
One Touch Low Idle Switch Switch
Engine Speed Sensor Travel Speed Change Solenoid
Pump Pressure Sensor 1
Pump Pressure Sensor 2 Swing Brake Release Solenoid
MSS Implement Pressure Switch
Key Reader
Left Travel Pressure Switch Hydraulic Lock Solenoid
Right Travel Pressure Switch Machine
ECM
Back-up Switch
Air Cleaner Switch Hydraulic Lock Switch Fuel Level Sensor
Hydraulic Oil Temp Sensor
Hydraulic Oil Filter Switch
Alternator
Attach Hydraulic Oil Filter Switch
CAN Data Link Alarm Engine Oil Level Switch
Fuel Filter Switch 1 Engine Coolant Level Switch
Switch
Fuel Filter Switch 2 Panel Travel Alarm Hydraulic Oil Level Switch
Water Separator Level Sensor ECM Relay Engine Coolant Temp Sensor
Monitor
Overload Warning Switch Engine Oil Pressure Switch
AIH Control Status (Start Aid)
OK
Fine Swing Switch

320D Only
Quick Coupler Switch
SmartBoom Switch
Work Lights Two-speed J1 J2
Switch Travel Switch Product Link

ECM
Automatic Engine Control PL121SR
Upper Window
Wiper Switch (AEC) Switch
Elect ronic
Service Technician
Upper Window Travel Alarm
Engine ECM Connect or
Washer Switch Cancel Switch CAT Data Link
Heavy Lift Mode Work Tool

Switch Control Switch Gateway
Worldview
ECM Communicat ion
PL300 Adapt er Il
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM
The Electronic Control System controls many of the functions of the 320D-336D Excavators
and is pretty much the same system for the 311D to the 345D.
The electronic control system uses two data links to communicate:
- The Engine ECM, the Machine ECM, the monitor, Cat ET, the optional Product Link
ECM (PL321SR) , and the Gateway WorldViewer ECM (PL300) communicate via the
Cat Data Link.
- The soft switch panel communicates with the Machine ECM and the monitor on the
J1939 CAN Data Link. The switch panel is not connected to the Cat Data Link.
For the Machine Security System, the software is part of the Machine ECM. A MSS keyreader
provides input into the Machine ECM through the Can Data Link.
Cat ET is used to diagnose system problems via the Cat Data Link. Some of the input and
output components of the Machine ECM are also shown in this illustration.
NOTE: The Gateway WorldViewer ECM or PL300 Network Adapter is the hardware
that enables Health Watch on Caterpillar Machines equipped with Caterpillar
Electronic Control Modules (ECMs). In addition, the 4 switch channels can be used on
any machine, Cat or non-Cat, to monitor on board switches. It should also be noted
that PL121 must be installed and used in combination with PL300 to enable Heath
Watch subscriptions.
PL321 is a combination of the PL300 Network Adapter and the PL121SR Radio.
For some markets, factory installed standardization goes into effect for Product Link.
PL321 will be listed as a "required optional attachment."
Health Watch provides:
- Event and Diagnostic Codes, History and Alerts
- Event and Diagnostic Code Troubleshooting Procedures
- Fuel Level, History and Alerts
- Fuel Used, History & Graphic Display
- Refueling History
- 4 Digital Switch Channels

1
2
The Machine ECM (1) is located on the left side of the machine in the compartment behind the
cab.
The inputs and outputs of the Machine ECM connect to the machine harness by two 54 pin
connectors (2).
The Engine ECM (1) is mounted to the engine (2).
Accessibility to the Engine ECM with the engine in-chassis is limited.

2
3 1
The Switch Panel ECM is part of the right console. The Switch Panel ECM is non-flashable
through Cat ET.
The Switch Panel ECM (1) receives inputs from rocker type switches (2) and from soft
switches (3) in soft switch panel (4).
SERV1852-02 - 10 - Text Reference
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
The soft switch panel includes switches that either turn a function ON/OFF or allow the
operator to toggle through different modes of the selected function. The soft switches provide
the operator with the following functions:
Two-speed travel switch (1): When the button is pushed the travel speed is toggled between
low and auto.
- The rabbit indicator indicates auto speed.
- The tortoise indicator indicates low speed.
Automatic Engine Control (AEC) switch (2): The AEC function automatically reduces
engine speed while there is no hydraulic demand, which reduces noise and fuel consumption.
- The AEC switch disables and enables the AEC function.
- Initially, AEC reduces the engine speed by 100 rpm after there has been no hydraulic
demand for approximately three seconds.
- Then AEC reduces the engine rpm to approximately 1300 rpm after there has been no
hydraulic demand for an additional three seconds.
- The additional three second AEC delay time and the low speed of 1300 rpm can be
changed using the monitor or Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET).
Travel alarm cancel switch (3): The travel alarm cancel switch is a momentary two-position
switch.
- The travel alarm sounds when travel is detected.
- The travel alarm stops immediately if the travel alarm cancel switch is depressed.
- The travel alarm switch is reset every time the travel pressure switch opens.
Work tool switch (4): The work tool switch will show the selected work tool on the monitor
display. Press the switch repeatedly to change the selected work tool. When the desired work
tool is highlighted in the monitor display press the "OK" button on the monitor to select the
work tool shown.
Work lights switch (5): The work lights switch toggles between the different work light
combinations. Two different work light patterns are available.
- Pattern 1: Chassis work lights and cab work lights
- Pattern 2: Chassis work lights, cab work lights, and boom work lights
Upper window wipers switch(6): The wiper switch toggles between the following different
modes of the wipers.
- six second delay
- three second delay
- continuous operation
- off
Upper window washer switch(7): The windshield washer fluid switch is an ON/OFF switch.
Heavy lift mode switch (8): The Heavy lift mode switch can be selected to increase lifting
capability and provide improved controlability of heavy loads.
- When heavy lift is turned on, the main relief valve maximum pressure increases from
35,000 MPa (5080 psi) to 36,000 MPa (5225 psi), making it possible to operate at the
system at a higher pressure.
- In Heavy Lift Mode, the maximum engine speed is limited to engine speed dial 6
(1510 ± 90 rpm).
- Hydraulic horsepower maximum output is reduced to 60%.

ENGINE SPEED CONTROL

Monitoring
System
Engine ECM Machine ECM
J1 J2
OK
CAN Data Link
CAT Data Link

Engine Speed
Dial
Engine Speed Control
The Machine ECM converts the signal from the engine speed dial into a pulse width
modulated (PWM) signal. The information is then sent to the Engine ECM over the Cat Data
Link.
The engine speed dial is divided into 10 positions. The dial position is displayed on the
character display of the monitor panel.
Machine ECM
Engine ECM
AEC Switch
J1 J2
Soft Switch
Panel
CAN Data Link
CAT Data Link

Straight Travel Pressure Switch
Engine Speed
Dial
Implement Pressure Switch

AUTOMATIC ENGINE
CONTROL (AEC)
Left Travel Pressure Switch
Right Travel Pressure Switch
Automatic Engine Speed Control (AEC)
The Automatic Engine Speed Control (AEC) automatically reduces engine speed when the
machine is inactive or under low load. The AEC system is designed to reduce fuel
consumption and noise. Lower engine speeds can also increase engine life.
The engine speed dial, the AEC switch, the implement pressure switch, the left travel pressure
switch, the left right pressure switch, and the straight travel pressure switch send input signals
to the Machine ECM. The Machine ECM processes the input signals and sends corresponding
output signals to the Engine ECM to control the engine speed.
The AEC system will be inoperable while the backup switch of the electronic controller system
is in the MAN position.
The engine rpm will recover automatically to the setting of the engine speed dial when any
hydraulic function is activated. The AEC system operates in three modes
The AEC is set by the AEC switch. The switch indicator will illuminate during the second
setting of the AEC. The second setting of the AEC is available immediately after the engine
start switch is turned to the ON position. The AEC can be set in the first stage and the second
stage by alternately pressing the switch.
- The First Stage Mode of the AEC will lower the speed setting of the engine speed dial by
approximately 100 rpm in the "no load" condition. The speed setting dial must be
between 5 and 10. The position of the AEC switch is OFF.
- The Second Stage Mode of the AEC will reduce the engine speed to approximately 1300
rpm in the "no load" condition. The speed setting dial must be between 5 and 10. The
position of the AEC switch is ON.
- The Manual Low Idle Mode is also called one touch low idle and is explained in more
detail on the next page. The speed setting dial must be between 3 and 10, while the
position of the AEC switch can be either ON or OFF.
NOTE: When the main back-up switch is turned to the ON position (Manual), the AEC
function is disabled.
Engine Machine ONE TOUCH

ECM ECM
LOW IDLE
J1 J2
Right Joystick
CAN Data Link
Low Idle
CAT Data Link Switch
Straight Travel
Pressure Switch Implement Pressure
Switch
Left Travel
Pressure Switch
Right Travel Attachment Pressure

Pressure Switch Switch
One Touch Low Idle
When the one touch low idle switch is pressed and the machine is not under a load, the engine
speed can be lowered by more than the speed setting of the AEC Second Stage Mode. When
normal operations have resumed, the engine speed for the dial setting will return to the
corresponding rpm.
The one touch low idle feature will activate during all "stopped" conditions of the implement,
swing, travel, and tools.
The following components are in the OFF position: the implement pressure switch, the left
travel pressure switch, the right travel pressure switch, the straight travel pressure switch, and
the attachment pedal pressure switch. However, when the one touch low idle switch is pressed,
the Machine ECM will signal the Engine ECM to lower the engine speed to engine speed dial
setting 2 setting, which is approximately 1020 rpm.
The one touch low idle overrides the AEC.

The one touch low idle will be released when any of the following conditions occur:
- The one touch low idle switch is pressed again.
- The implement pressure switch is set to the ON position.
- The travel pressure switch is set to the ON position.
- A pressure switch that is related to a tool is set to the ON position.
The engine speed is different after the switch has been released. The different speed will
depend on the conditions of the release.
- The engine speed will be set to the setting of the engine speed dial, when the feature for
one touch low idle has been released by an operation of the implement, swing, etc..
- The engine speed will be set by the AEC. The speed will be set when the one touch low
idle has been released. The engine speed will be affected by the following conditions:
- When the AEC First Stage Mode setting is selected, the engine speed is set to the
speed of the AEC First Stage Mode. The engine speed is approximately 100 rpm
lower than the setting of the engine speed dial.
- When the AEC Second Stage Mode setting is selected, the engine speed will be set to
the speed of the AEC Second Stage Mode setting. The engine speed is
approximately 1300 rpm.
- The engine speed will be set to the speed of the engine speed dial if the engine speed
is lower than the AEC Second Stage Mode. The setting of this speed is not based on
a setting of the AEC.
ENGINE SPEED PROTECTION

LOW OIL PRESSURE
Machine ECM
Engine
ECM
J1 J2
CAN Data Link
CAT Data Link
Engine Oil
Pressure Switch
Engine Speed Protection
The electronic control system provides three different engine protection functions:
Engine speed protection due to low engine oil pressure: is designed to prevent the engine
from starting at a high speed during a low oil pressure condition.
For example, after the engine oil filter is replaced, the engine may need to run for a short time
to fill the engine oil filter. During this time the engine oil pressure will remain low. Engine
damage may occur if the engine runs at a high speed dial position with low oil pressure.
The Engine ECM senses the status of the engine oil pressure switch. With low engine oil
pressure the pressure switch is open.
The Engine ECM will automatically limit the engine speed to speed dial position 5.

OVERHEATING Machine ECM
Engine
ECM
J1 J2
CAN Data Link
CAT Data Link
Coolant
Hydraulic Oil
Temperature
Temperature
Sender
Sender
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
10
Engine speed protection during an overheating condition: prevents damage to the engine
caused by overspeed during an overheating condition.
The Engine ECM receives input from the coolant temperature sender and communicates this
information to the Machine ECM. The Machine ECM receives input from the hydraulic oil
temperature sender.
If the Machine ECM senses on overheating condition has occurred, the Machine ECM will send
a signal to the power shift PRV solenoid to destroke the pump and a signal to the Engine ECM
to reduce the engine speed.
The engine speed will be decreased to the Second Stage Mode setting of the AEC (1300 rpm).
Work that requires high pressure will be restricted during an overheating condition. The engine
and other components are protected during this condition.

HYDRAULIC OIL TEMPERATURE
Machine
Engine ECM
ECM
CAN Data Link
CAT Data Link

J1 J2
Hydraulic Oil
Temperature Sensor
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
11
Control of the hydraulic oil at low temperatures: occurs when it is cold and the temperature
of the hydraulic oil is low, the machine may not operate smoothly.
The hydraulic oil temperature sensor signals the Machine ECM as to the hydraulic oil
temperature.
When the hydraulic oil temperature sensor has detected an oil temperature below 15° C (59° F)
the Machine ECM sends a signal to the power shift PRV solenoid in order to limit the
hydraulic pump output pressure to 80% of the maximum hydraulic horsepower. Engine speed
is maintained.
This reduction allows for smoother machine operations until the temperature of the oil rises.
As the hydraulic oil temperature rises to above 20° C (68° F), the Machine ECM will allow for
normal control of the main hydraulic pumps, by changing the signal to the power shift PRV
solenoid.
Coolant Temp Intake Manifold

Sensor Air Temperature Sensor
Engine
Monitor Machine ECM ECM
CAN Data Link

CDL
OK
Hydraulic Oil
Temp Sender Fan Electronic
Control Solenoid
320D-329D VISCONIC DEMAND FAN Visconic

COOLING SYSTEM Fan Clutch
Assembly
12
Visconic Demand Fan Cooling System
The 320D-329D Hydraulic Excavators can be equipped with an electronically controlled,

viscous coupled demand fan. The speed of the engine cooling fan is controlled by the Engine
ECM in relation to engine coolant temperature, inlet manifold air temperature, and hydraulic
fluid temperature.
A viscous coupling fan clutch is used between the engine mounted, belt driven fan drive hub
and the fan assembly. Inside the visconic coupling, a high viscosity, temperature stable, silicon
fluid provides a means of coupling and uncoupling the fan to the fan input hub.
When the machine is running, the hydraulic oil temperature sender and the engine coolant
temperature sensor sends signals to the Engine ECM. The Engine ECM then sends this
information to the Machine ECM. The Machine ECM picks up the hydraulic temperature
through the monitor. The Machine ECM interprets the information from these inputs to send a
PWM signal to the fan electronic control solenoid to control the demand fan clutch.
A higher temperature input will cause the Machine ECM to send a reduced PWM signal to the
fan electronic control solenoid.
The reduced PWM signal causes the fan clutch to move toward full engagement to increase the
fan speed for more cooling capacity. With the minimum PWM signal the fan will turn at the
engine speed.
If only one sensor is reporting a high temperature, or need for increased cooling, the ECM will
reduce the current to the fan control coil by a predetermined percentage of the fan speed map
and the fan speed will increase.
The Engine ECM monitors the speed of the fan blade by use of a Hall Effect type sensor built
into the center of the electronic fan control. A ring magnet and bolt is installed in the drive
assembly at the center of the fan control coil. The ring magnet and bolt will rotate at fan speed
and provide an input to the speed sensor. The fan speed sensor is supplied a 5 volt reference
signal and returns a square wave frequency signal to the Engine ECM.
If no fan speed signal is supplied to the Engine ECM by the fan speed sensor the fan will
default to maximum fan speed.
NOTE: The visconic demand fan can not rotate in reverse, even though Cat ET and the
Monitor display parameters for a reversing fan.
Monitor
CAN Data Link

Pressure
Control
Machine Solenoid
ECM
OK
CDL
Hydraulic Oil
Temp Sender
Reversing Solenoid
Engine Valve (Attachment
ECM
Coolant Temp
Sensor
330D / 336D HYDRAULIC DEMAND FAN
Intake Manifold COOLING SYSTEM
Air Temperature
Sensor
13
Hydraulic Demand Fan Cooling System
The hydraulic demand fan is standard on the 330D/336D Hydraulic Excavators. The fan is part
of the hydraulic system, but it is controlled by the Machine ECM.
The intake manifold air temperature sensor and the coolant temperature sensor are inputs into
the Engine ECM. The Engine ECM provides information to the Machine ECM from these two
sensors. The Machine ECM also receives information from hydraulic temperature sensor
through the monitor.
The Machine ECM evaluates these three sensor inputs for controlling the fan. A target speed
for the cooling fan is assigned for each engine speed based on the output of the various
temperature sensors. The target values for the maximum fan speeds are assigned by specific
software designed for the 330D/336D machine models.
The Machine ECM sends a PWM signal to the fan pump proportional solenoid to control the
flow from the pump. The pump flow is directed to the fan motor, to rotate the motor, which
causes the fan to turn to provide engine cooling.
When engine coolant and/or hydraulic oil temperatures are high, the fan speed is increased. If
the temperatures are low, the fan speed is decreased. The higher the ambient temperature, the
higher the fan speed, as well.
For high temperature readings the Machine ECM sends the minimum software controlled PWM
signal to the fan pump pressure control solenoid to upstroke the hydraulic pump to increase the
pump flow.
When maximum pump flow is sent to the the fan motor, the fan rotates at the maximum
software controlled rpm.
For lower temperature readings, such as machine startup or while idling, the Machine ECM
will send higher PWM signals to the fan pump pressure control solenoid to cause the pump to
destroked to produce pump flow, which results in lower fan speeds.
Cat ET or the monitor can be used to check or calibrate the fan speed. Refer to the 330D/336D
Test and Adjust Manual for the calibration procedures.
Maximum mechanical pump pressure and maximum fan speed (high pressure cut-off) can be
achieved by disconnecting the electrical connection to the solenoid or by using Cat ET to turn
OFF the fan control (Engine ECM/Configuration screen).
If communication is lost between the Engine ECM and the fan pump pressure control solenoid,
the fan will default to the maximum mechanical pressure setting (high pressure cutoff). This
action results in a higher system pressure. This pressure is higher than the maximum pressure
controlled through the software. The fan speed is also higher than the maximum fan speed
normally controlled by the software.
On machines equipped with the reversing fan attachment, the Machine ECM also controls the
reversing fan solenoid valve.
A bi-directional fan motor will replace the standard fan motor with the reversing fan feature.
Operation of the fan pump and motor makeup valve is as previously discussed.
The Machine ECM will automatically activate the fan reversing solenoid valve at
predetermined intervals, if the machine is equipped with the optional reversing fan. Fan
reversing duration may be re-configured using Cat ET or through the monitor.
When the reversing solenoid valve is energized, pilot oil is directed to the reversing spool. The
reversing spool shifts causing the flow of oil to the fan motor to be reversed. The fan motor
rotates in the opposite direction.
Travel
Machine Speed Switch
ECM
Engine Speed CAN Data Link Soft Switch

Dial Panel
Idler Pump
Pressure Sensor
Travel Speed
Change Solenoid
Drive Pump
Pressure Sensor
Left Travel
Pressure Switch
TRAVEL SPEED CONTROL
Right Travel
Pressure Switch
14
Travel Speed Control
There are two travel speed modes, Low Speed (Tortoise) and High Speed (Rabbit). By
selecting the "Tortoise" Mode, travel speed is limited to the low travel speed. By selecting the
"Rabbit" Mode, travel speed will change automatically between low/high speeds. The change
in travel speed is dependent on the supply pressure of the pumps.
The travel speed switch, the implement pump pressure sensors, the engine speed dial, and the
left and right travel pressure switches send input signals to the Machine ECM. The Machine
ECM processes the input signals and sends a corresponding output signal to the travel speed
change solenoid to control travel speed.
The travel mode selector switch and travel mode indicators (tortoise and rabbit) are located on
the switch panel. When the travel mode selector switch is pressed, the travel mode can be set
to the Rabbit Mode or set to the Tortoise Mode. The indicator (tortoise or rabbit) is illuminated
to show the travel mode that is chosen.
When the machine is first turned on the machine is in the Tortoise Mode. To select the Rabbit
Mode, press the travel mode selector switch. While the circuit pressure at the pump output
remains below a certain range, the machine will travel in HIGH (rabbit) speed.
The output pressure of the pump increases as the load on the machine increases. When the
output pressure increases to a certain high level, the machine will automatically shift to travel in
the Tortoise Mode and the machine will slow down. More torque will be available for traveling
up slopes, for instance.
The machine will automatically return to the Rabbit Mode when the pump output pressure
decreases to the predetermined range.
The automatic travel speed change function allows the machine to adjust speeds without direct
operator input. The machine will travel at HIGH speed under a light load and travel at LOW
speed under a heavy load. This function ensures that the machine has high mobility and a high
drawbar pull.
When the travel is set to the Tortoise Mode, the travel is set at low speed and does not change.
POWER SHIFT PRESSURE

SYSTEM
Pump Control
Idler Valve
Engine Speed Pump Power Shift
Sensor PRV Solenoid
Drive
Pump
J1 J2
Pilot
Pump
Engine Output
ECM Pressure
Sensor
Monitor Engine
Machine
Speed Dial
ECM
OK
15
Pump Regulation
Power shift pressure is controlled by the Machine ECM, and assists in pump regulation. Power
shift pressure is one of three pressures to control the pump.
The pilot pump supplies the power shift PRV solenoid with pilot oil. The Machine ECM
monitors the selected engine speed (from the engine speed dial), the actual engine speed (from
the engine speed sensor and Engine ECM), and the pump output pressures (from the output
pressure sensors). The power shift PRV solenoid valve regulates the pressure of the power shift
oil depending upon the signal from the Machine ECM to the pump control valve groups.
When the engine speed dial is in position 10, the Machine ECM varies the power shift pressure
in relation to the actual speed of the engine.
The power shift pressure is set to specific fixed values dependent upon the position of the
engine speed dial. The fixed power shift pressures assist cross sensing pressure (not shown)
with constant horsepower control.
When the engine speed dial is on position 10 and a hydraulic load is placed on the engine, this
condition causes the engine speed to decrease below the engine's target rpm.
When this decrease occurs, the Machine ECM signals the power shift PRV solenoid valve to
send increased power shift pressure to the pump control valve groups. The increased power
shift signal causes the pumps to destroke, and reduce the horsepower demand placed on the
engine. With a decreased load from the hydraulic pumps the engine speed increases. This
function is referred to as engine underspeed control.
Engine underspeed control prevents the engine from going into a "stall" condition where engine
horsepower cannot meet the demands of the hydraulic pumps. The power shift signal to the
pump control valve groups enables the machine to maintain a desired or target engine speed for
maximum productivity.
Power shift pressure has the following effect on the main hydraulic pumps:
- As power shift pressure decreases, pump output increases.

- As power shift pressure increases, pump output decreases.
Power shift pressure ensures that the pumps can use all of the available engine horsepower for
the hydraulic system at all times without exceeding the output of the engine.
NOTE: The target rpm is the full load speed for a specific engine "no load" rpm.
Engine target rpm is determined by the opening of one of the implement, swing, and/or
travel pressure switches at the end of an operation. The Machine ECM then waits 2.5
seconds and records the engine speed. This specific rpm is the "new" no load rpm.
The Machine ECM then controls the power shift pressure to regulate pump flow to
maintain the full load (target) rpm for the recorded no load rpm.
Target rpm can change each time the pressure switches open for more than 2.5 seconds.
SWING BRAKE OPERATION

Machine Travel
ECM Speed Switch
Soft Switch
Panel
Fine Swing
CAN Data Link Switch
Hydraulic Activation
Switch
Swing Brake
Release Solenoid
Hydraulic Activation
Solenoid
Implement Pressure Fine Swing

Switch Solenoid
16
Swing Brake Operation
This machine is equipped with a swing lock system that is controlled by the Machine ECM.
The swing lock system control circuit provides control for the swing motor, swing brake, fine
swing function, and back-up system of the machine.
The swing brake solenoid is controlled by the implement pressure switch through the Machine
ECM. When the implement pressure switch closes, the Machine ECM energizes the swing
brake solenoid. When the implement pressure switch opens, the swing brake solenoid
is de-energizesd by the Machine ECM 6.5 seconds later. The de-energized swing brake
solenoid allows the machine upper structure to come to a complete stop before the swing brake
is engaged. The hydraulic activation lever must be in the activated (UP) position before the
spring brake solenoid will energize.
If the main back-up switch is placed in the Manual position, then the swing brake is electrically
released.
The fine swing function (optional) provides smooth start and stop operation during swing
movement.
When the fine swing switch is activated, a signal is sent to the soft switch panel which sends a
signal to the Machine ECM. The Machine ECM energizes the fine swing solenoid to activate
the fine swing feature.
HEAVY LIFT MODE

(OPTIONAL)
Heavy Lift Mode

Machine
Switch
ECM
Soft Switch
Panel
CAN Data Link
Engine
ECM
Heavy Lift
Solenoid
17
Heavy Lift Mode
Press the heavy lift switch on the soft switch panel, in order to turn the Heavy Lift Mode ON or
OFF. When the Heavy Lift Mode is turned ON, the indicator will illuminate and the Machine
ECM will energize the heavy lift solenoid.
When the "Heavy Lift Mode is turned ON, the main relief pressure increases from 35 MPa
(5100 psi) to 36 MPa (5200 psi).
The Machine ECM will send a signal to the Engine ECM to control the engine rpm.
However, due to the flow restriction, the maximum engine speed is limited to approximately
1600 rpm, which is equivalent to engine speed dial position "6".
The hydraulic output is restricted to 64% of the maximum flow.

BACK-UP SYSTEM
Key Start
Switch
Engine Speed
R Selector Switch
C OFF
S ON
B ST
J1 J2
Resistor Engine
ECM
1
LIMITED MOBILITY
1
MODE
5A
Main AUTO
Relay Swing Brake
B+ Solenoid
OK
Machine
Power Shift
ECM Main Back-up PRV Solenoid
Switch
18
Backup System
The "Backup System" or The Limited Mobility Mode allows the operator to maneuver the
machine to the shop when the Machine ECM has failed. Excavating operations are not possible
if the machine is in the Limited Mobility Mode.
The main backup switch is located behind the right arm rest. When the main back-up switch is
turned to the MAN position, the power to the Machine ECM is removed, and the "Limited
Mobility Mode" is activated. In Limited Mobility Mode, the the joysticks and the engine speed
dial do not function.
The engine speed can be adjusted by the engine speed selector switch which is located next to
the main back-ups switch. The switch provides an input into the Engine ECM.
Also, the AEC switch and the low idle switch will not function. The Monitoring System will
display the message "LIMITED MOBILITY MODE" and the Monitoring System will sound
the action alarm.
When the main backup switch is moved to the MANUAL position, power from the main relay
is directed through to the resistor and to send a reduced signal to the power shift PRV solenoid.
The power shift PRV solenoid is "double switched" to energize. The solenoid return is
switched to ground.
Power through the resistor is directed to the swing brake solenoid valve to energize the
solenoid. With the swing brake solenoid energized, the swing brake is released.
The change of the machine backup switch is sensed by the Engine ECM. When the Engine
ECM senses this change in the state, the engine ECM will accept input from the engine speed
selector switch. The switch is used to increase or decrease the engine speed.
19
Behind the right armrest is the main backup switch (1) to select AUTO or MANUAL engine
speed control and the engine speed selector switch (2) to adjust engine speed.
By utilizing these switches, the engine speed can be controlled manually by the operator or the
engine speed can be controlled automatically by the ECMs.
When the Machine ECM is functioning properly the main backup switch should be in the down
or Auto position.
If a problem occurs with the Machine ECM, move the main back-up switch to the up or Manual
position in order to bypass the Machine ECM. In this condition, the machine can be operated at
a reduced ratio of pump output on a temporary basis. "Limited Mobility Mode" will appear on
the message display.
When the main backup switch is in Manual:
- Move the engine speed selector backup switch up to increase the engine rpm.
- Move the engine speed selector backup switch down to decrease the engine rpm.
When the switch is released the switch returns to the NEUTRAL position and the machine will
maintain the engine speed. This switch overrides the function of the engine speed dial.
5
1
6
2
3
7
4
8
20
MONITOR
The 300D monitor has been updated. The new monitor is used on the 308D, 311D, 312D,
314D,3 315D, 319D, 320D, 321D, 323D, 324D, 325D/329D, 328D, 330D/336D, 345C, 365C,
and the 385C hydraulic excavators.
The monitor is a full color Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) that displays the various parameters
of the machine. Shown above are the:
- alert indicator (1)
- clock (2)
- fuel gauge (3)
- hydraulic oil temperature gauge (4)
- engine speed dial indicator (5)
- engine coolant temperature gauge (6)
- operating hours (7)
- work tool indicator (8)

1 2 5 6
3 4 7 8
21
The monitor uses eight buttons to control navigation on the monitor screen. The four
directional button are:
- left (1)
- up (2)
- down (3)
- right (4)
The directional buttons navigate the cursor through the various screens.
The four navigational buttons are:
- home (5)
- menu (6)
- back (7)
- OK (8)
22
Cat ET or the monitoring system can be used for testing and calibrating the machine. Extended
fluid change intervals are available with the proper S•O•S procedures. Maintenance intervals
for several components and systems on the machine are programmed into the monitor.
The operator can access component maintenance intervals to see the hours remaining before
maintenance is due. Some of the maintenance items are:
- hydraulic oil and hydraulic oil filter changes
- swing drive oil change
- travel drive oil change
- engine oil and engine oil filter changes
NOTE: Refer to the Self-study CD-ROM "300D Series Hydraulic Excavators, 345C
Hydraulic Excavator, and 365C & 385C Large Hydraulic Excavators (form SERV7032)
for more details on the monitor.
OUTLINE OF MONITOR DISPLAY SETUP

MAIN MENU SCREEN
MAIN MENU SETTING
SETTING DISPLAY SETUP DISPLAY SETUP

WORK TOOL SELECT
MAINTENANCE INFO CLOCK ADJUST CLOCK ADJUST
PERFORMANCE LANGUAGE SELECT LANGUAGE SELECT

MAINTENANCE INFO HH:MM
SERVICE INDICATED ITEM
ENGINE OIL FILTER ENGLISH
CONTRAST
MAINTENANCE XXXXYYYY (HR)
BRIGHTNESS FRANCAIS
You can reset accumulated HYD OIL RET FILTER
hour of filters and fluids and XXXXYYYY (HR) BRIGHTNESS ( ) DEUTSCH
work hour of components,
A list of system components
and change recommended
will be displayed ITALIANO
Intervals. You can also
ENTER PASSWORD WORK TOOL SELECT
operate Reversing Fan
System. ESPANOL
Enter User Password or
Service Password PERFORMANCE TOOL No. 1
PASSWORD CHANGE OTHERS
TOOL No. 2
You can change user BATTERY VOLTAGE TOOL No. 3
SERVICE password TOOL No. 4
ENGINE SPEED INDICATED ITEM
MAINTENANCE OTHER
DIAGNOSTIC _ _ _ _ (RPM)
TOOL NAME
PASSWORD CHANGE You can check diagnostic A list of system components
SERVICE HR METER
DIAGNOSTIC Information (real time error, and measurement will be
logged error, logged events) displayed ECONO MODE FIX
ECM INFO
STATUS ECM INFO
CALIBRATION You can see each ECM
information
DEVICE TEST
Password Entry CONTRAST
OVERRIDE STATUS PASSWORD
CONFIGURATION You can see inputs of

ENTER PASSWORD
PASSWORD
Brightness Screen
sensors and switches _ _ _ _
TOOL PROGRAM
outputs of machine ECM ENTER PASSWORD
Brightness ( ) Screen
CDEF 01234 _ _ _ _ 5
PASSWORD
CALIBRATION ENTER PASSWORD
PRESS OK TO ENTER BCDEF 01234
You can calibrate each device _F _ _ _
PASSWORD
HIGHLIGHTED LETTER
ENTER PASSWORD
PRESS OK TO ENTER
DEVICE TEST HIGHLIGHTED LETTER BCDEF 01234
_F F
_ _ _
: DELETE PASSWORD
You can test each device : MOVE CURSOR
ENTER PASSWORD
: DELETE PRESS OK TO ENTER BCDEF 01234
: MOVE CURSOR HIGHLIGHTED LETTER _F F
_ F
_ _ PASSWORD
OVERRIDE
PRESS OK TO ENTER ENTER PASSWORD
HIGHLIGHTED LETTER BCDEF 01234
You can test each device OK : DELETE
: MOVE CURSOR _F F
_ F
_ _
: DELETE PRESS OK TO ENTER
CONFIGURATION OK HIGHLIGHTED LETTER E F 012 3 4 5 6
: MOVE CURSOR
You can configure machine
ECM PRESS OK TO ENTER
: DELETE
OK : MOVE CURSOR
HIGHLIGHTED LETTER
TOOL PROGRAM
: DELETE
You can program each tool : MOVE CURSOR
setting
OK
23
The menu tree for the 300D Series hydraulic excavators is shown above.
The service menu options requires a user or service password.

24
CONCLUSION
This presentation has provided information for the Caterpillar 320D-336D Hydraulic
Excavators.
This presentation covered the electronic control system and the monitor.
Additional presentations are available for each system used on these machines.
When used in conjunction with the service manual, the information in this package should
permit the technician to do a thorough job of analyzing a problem in these systems.
For service repairs, adjustments, and maintenance, always refer to the Operation and
Maintenance Manual, Service Manuals, and other related service publications.

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SERV1852-02

GLOBAL SERVICE LEARNING

320D-336D HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS -

Service Training Meeting Guide

Estimated Time: 1 hour

ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM.........................................................................................5

The exceptions are as follows:

320D - 336D MACHINE ECM

Fine Swing Switch

Work Lights Two-speed J1 J2

Switch Travel Switch Product Link

Heavy Lift Mode Work Tool

ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM

The electronic control system uses two data links to communicate:

Health Watch provides:

- Event and Diagnostic Codes, History and Alerts

- Event and Diagnostic Code Troubleshooting Procedures

- Fuel Level, History and Alerts

- Fuel Used, History & Graphic Display

- 4 Digital Switch Channels

The Engine ECM (1) is mounted to the engine (2).

Accessibility to the Engine ECM with the engine in-chassis is limited.

- The rabbit indicator indicates auto speed.

- The tortoise indicator indicates low speed.

- The AEC switch disables and enables the AEC function.

- The travel alarm sounds when travel is detected.

- Pattern 1: Chassis work lights and cab work lights

- six second delay

- three second delay

- Hydraulic horsepower maximum output is reduced to 60%.

ENGINE SPEED CONTROL

Engine ECM Machine ECM

CAN Data Link

CAT Data Link

Engine Speed Control

CAN Data Link

CAT Data Link

Implement Pressure Switch

Right Travel Pressure Switch

Automatic Engine Speed Control (AEC)

Engine Machine ONE TOUCH

Right Travel Attachment Pressure

One Touch Low Idle

The one touch low idle overrides the AEC.

ENGINE SPEED PROTECTION

CAN Data Link

CAT Data Link

Engine Speed Protection

ENGINE SPEED PROTECTION

CAT Data Link

ENGINE SPEED PROTECTION

CAN Data Link

CAT Data Link

Coolant Temp Intake Manifold

CAN Data Link

320D-329D VISCONIC DEMAND FAN Visconic

Visconic Demand Fan Cooling System

The 320D-329D Hydraulic Excavators can be equipped with an electronically controlled,

CAN Data Link

Hydraulic Demand Fan Cooling System

Engine Speed CAN Data Link Soft Switch

Travel Speed Control