‫اﻟﺪرس اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻒ اﻟﻠّﺪاﺋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ‬

‫‪ / I‬ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻜﺸﺎﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺹ‪ ) 22‬ﻜﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ(‬

‫‪ / II‬ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪)........................................................................................... -‬ﻤﺜﺎل‪( .................................. :‬‬
‫‪)........................................................................................... -‬ﻤﺜﺎل‪( .................................. :‬‬
‫‪ / III‬ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪........................................‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪....................................... × .....................................‬‬
‫×‬
‫ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﺼﻨﺎﻑ‪:‬‬
‫× ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﻴ‪‬ﺔ‬ ‫× ﺍﻟﻠﺩﺍﺌﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴ‪‬ﺔ × ﺍﻟﻠﺩﺍﺌﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﹼﺩﺓ × ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﹼﺎﻁﻴ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺠﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺹ‪ 23‬ﻤﻥ ﻜﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ / VI‬ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﳎــﺎﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋــــــﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻــــﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌـــﺎﺩ‪‬ﺓ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺘﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺘﺸﺘﻕ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ)ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴ‪‬ﺔ( ﻤﻥ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻟﺒﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻲ ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫‪.....................‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺘﺘﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ )ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻁ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺜﺎل‪.................. :‬‬ ‫‪............................‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺏ(‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻤﺎﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺭﺴﻜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﻊ‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺪة ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮارة ﺣﯿﺚ‬
‫ﻻ ﺘﺸﻜل ﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪..................... -2‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋــــــــﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺭﺴﻜﻠﺔ ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‪.‬‬‫‪ ............................‬اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﺘﺘﻜﻮّن ﻣﺎدّة‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﮭﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻨﺎﻗل ﺭﺩﻱﺀ ﻟﻠﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫)ﻋﻤﻠﯿّﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﻟﺒﺔ(‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻨﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻤــﺎﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﻻﺘﻜﺱ‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺭﺠﻭﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻀﻌﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﻌﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪(Latex) ..................... -3‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫‪ ............................‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺠﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺘﻤﻁﻴﻁ‪.‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻓﻴﺎ ) ‪ (Hévéa‬ﺒﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻭﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﻱ ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫‪..................... -3‬‬
‫ﻴﺼﻨﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺍﺘﻨﺠﺎﺕ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺘﻨﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫‪............................‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻭﻟﻴﺴﺭﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﻭﻟـﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺒﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒــﻭﻟﻲ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻨﻭﻋﺎﻥ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﻱ( ﻴﻭﺭﻴﺜﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻨﻑ ﺇﻟــــﻰ ﺍﻴﺜﻴﻠﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﻴﺒـﻭﻜﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻭﻱ ﺘﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺒﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻠﻴﻜـــــﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﻔﻴﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒـﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﻭﻻﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺒل ﻟﻼﻨﺜﻨﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺼﻨﻑ ﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻁﻴﻡ ﻭﻴﺼﻨﻊ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺸﻜﺎل ﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒـﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻡ ﻤﺜل ﻜﺭﺍﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺤﺫﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺁﺨـﺭ ﺇﻟــﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‪....‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻔﺦ‪:‬‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫)‪ - (Résine‬ﻭﻨﻘﺼﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻭﻱ ﻟﻺﺴﻔﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺘﻨﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﻟﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﻤﺎﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻫﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻭﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻭﻨﺔ‬
‫‪.............................‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺭﻏﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻔﻨﺠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺘﻨﺞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺠﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ ﺹ ‪ 24‬ﻭﺹ‪ 25‬ﻤﻥ ﻜﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪http://www.savoir-plus.net/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ‪ 8 :‬ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬
 ‫‪ / V‬ﺍﻟﺜـــﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻭ ‪...................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ / 1‬ﺘﻌﺭﻴــﻑ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺜﻨﻲ‬
‫‪ /2‬ﺜﻨﻲ ﻤﻁﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﻌﺩﻨﻴ‪‬ــﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ v‬ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻭﻴ‪‬ـﺔ‪ :‬ﻟﺜﻨﻲ ﻤﻁﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﻌﺩﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻴﺩﻭﻴﺎ ﻭﺠﺏ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ‪............................................‬‬
‫ـ ‪............................................‬‬
‫ـ ‪............................................‬‬
‫ـ ‪............................................‬‬
‫ـ ‪............................................‬‬
‫‪ v‬ﺍﻟﺜﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻐﻁ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﺠﺏ ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‪................. .........................................:‬‬
‫ﻤﺨﺭﺯ‬
‫ﻤﻁﻴﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻟﺏ‬
‫ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫‪ /3‬ﺛﻨﻲ ورق اﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﯿﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺜﻨﻲ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﺁﻟﺔ ﺘﻠﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‪................................... :‬‬
‫‪ ü‬ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ‪....................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ـ ‪.............................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ـ ‪.............................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺁﻟﺔ ﻟﺜﻨﻲ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ‬
‫ـ ‪............................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ـ ‪............................................................................................................................................................‬‬
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‫‪ ü‬ﻗﻭﺍﻋـــﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴــﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ‪..........................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ـ ‪..........................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ـ ‪..........................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ـ ‪................................................................................................................. .........................................‬‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺯﻤﻥ ﺘﺴﺨﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺹ ‪.34‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺠﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ‪ 7‬ﺹ ‪ 32‬ﻜﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪http://www.savoir-plus.net/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ‪ 8 :‬ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬
 ‫‪ / IV‬ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪ / 1‬ﺘﻌﺭﻴــﻑ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﻫﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺘﻘﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺘﻤﻜﹼﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪.........................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﻁﻼﻗﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻟﻭﺤﺔ ﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﺴﺨﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ / 2‬ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﻴﻨﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﻥ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪...........................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯ‪ :‬ﺘﺘﺨﺫ ﻟﻭﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪........................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺠﻭﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺘﺘﺨﺫ ﻟﻭﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻙ‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈـﺔ ‪ :‬ﯾﺼﻨﻊ اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺪن أو اﻟﺨﺸﺐ أو ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺒﺲ ‪ ،‬ﯾﺜﻘﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺐ ﻗﺼﺪ اﻣﺘﺼﺎص اﻟﮭﻮاء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ‬
‫و إﺣﺪاث ﻓﺮاغ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ / 3‬ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪:‬‬
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‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪ / 4‬ﻗﻭﺍﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺯﻤﻥ ﺘﺴﺨﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺴﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺹ ‪.38‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺠﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ‪ 6‬ﺹ ‪ 29‬ﻜﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪http://www.savoir-plus.net/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ‪ 8 :‬ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬