emjhae’s assignment

1. Define the following:

a. SET
• A set can be defined as a well-defined collection of things/objects that are
brought together

because they obey a certain rule. It is an unordered collection of objects. It is said to

be infinite if it is not finite. Sets are conventionally denoted with capital letters.

b. ELEMENT

• An element is a “thing/object ” that belongs to a given set. Each object in a

set is an element or a member. The elements or members of a set can be anything:
numbers, people, letters of the alphabet, other sets, and so on. It is the key relation
between set .

c. SUBSET
• A subset is a portion of a set. If all the elements of a set A are also elements of
a set B, then we say
that A is a subset of B, and we write.

 A set A is a subset of a set B if and only if everything in A is also in B

 For any sets A and B, A is a subset of B, and denoted by A B, if and only

if

x[x A x B].

2. Describe when are sets equal:

• Two sets are equal if they contain or they have exactly the same or identical
elements in them. If two sets
have only the same number of elements, then the two sets are One-to-One
correspondence. Equal sets are
One-to-One correspondence but correspondence sets are not always equal sets.

Which of the following sets are equal and which ones are One-to-One correspondence ?

A = {a , b , c , d }
B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
C = {w, x, y, z}
D = {5, 3, 1, 4, 2}

Solution:
• B and D are equal. They have identical elements.
• A and C are One-to-One correspondence or matching sets. Each set has 4
elements. They have
the same number of elements but not the same elements.
• B and D are One-to-One correspondence and equal sets. They have the
same identical elements.

3. Give the distinction between set and element:

• A set is a collection of objects, and element is a part of that collection, it is only
an object in a set. Therefore, a set is a collection of elements. Sets can themselves be
elements.