Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺋﻌﺔ”. ﻟﺨﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻈﻞ ﻣﻴﺰ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻻ ﺗﻔﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺮ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ. ﺳﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻟﻤﻮ
ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﻠﻴﻦ ،ﻣﻨﺴﻖ ﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ 2000iﻫﻲ ﺑﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻸﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺟﻬﺎ ﺳﻘﺎ
Maplewood Richmond Heights School District, Maplewood, Missouri, U.S.
ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ،ﺣﺪ ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﻂ ،ﻧﻈﺎ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ،ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺿﻲ ،ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺷﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻼ
ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ،ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ 2000iﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻫﺬ ﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ
ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪ .ﺗﺤﺘﻮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ 2000iﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﺰ ﺿﺒﻂ ﺗﻔﺎ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﺻﻮ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ
ﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎ ﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ .ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ 2000iﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻟﻚ
ﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻟﺨﻠﻔﻲ ﻟﻤﺪﻣﺞ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻚ ﻧﻈﺎ ﻹﺳﻘﺎ
ﻟﻘﺎ ﻇﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ. ﻟﻌﻤﻞ
ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ،ﻓﺈ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ 2000iﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮ ﻧﺔ ﺗﻤﻨﺢ ﺑﻐﺾ ﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻠﻮ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ
ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻲ. ﻣﻴﺰ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﺬ ﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﻄﻼ ،ﻟﻰ
ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻳﺐ ﺛﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺣﺪ. ﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ
ﻣﻔﺘﺎ ) X-Port™ 20ﺧﺘﻴﺎ ( -ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ،ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻧﻈﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺲ -ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ™ ) DViTﻟﺮ ﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﻴﻦ( ﻫﻲ ﻟﺴﺮ ﻧﻈﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﻟﺒﺼﺮ
ﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ. ﻟﺬ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻜﻪ .SMARTﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﺻﺒﻌﻚ ﻛﻔﺄ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺒﺮ ﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮ ﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻧﺨﻔﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮ ﻟﺼﻮ . ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻳﺐ -
ﺣﺪ ﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ) ﺧﺘﻴﺎ ﻳﺔ( -ﺗﺪﻣﺞ ﻫﺬ ﻟﻮﺣﺪ ﺣﺪ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ 2000iﻣﻊ ﻧﻈﺎ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ.
ﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻟﺤﻔﻆ -ﺣﻔﻆ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺣﺪ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ ،ﻣﺘﻮ ﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻲ
ﻟﻀﻤﺎ -ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺿﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺪ ﻣﺤﺪ ﻟﻤﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺣﺪ ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺎ ﻹﺳﻘﺎ ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ® .Mac OS® Windowsﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎ ﻛﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ
ﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ .ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺿﻤﺎ ﻟﻤﺪ ٥٠٠ﺳﺎﻋﺔ/ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺒﺎ ﺟﻬﺎ ﻹﺳﻘﺎ ﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ. ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎ Microsoft® Office ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻬﺎ ،ﻛﺘﺐ ﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎ
® AutoCADﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ.
ﻟﻤﺎﺳﺤﺔ. ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻷﻗﻼ ﻣﻦ - SMARTﺗﺮﺻﺪ ﺟﻬﺰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﺲ ﻣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﺘﻘﺎ ﺣﺪ ﻷﻗﻼ
ﺑﺮ ﻣﺞ SMART Board ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ ﻷ ﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺰ
ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ™Notebook ﻷﻳﻤﻦ ﻟﻠﻔﺄ ..
ﻟﻘﻄﺎ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ،ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ،ﺗﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎ ﻧﺸﺊ ﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎ
ﻟﻮﺻﻮ ﻟﻰ ﻻ ﻟﺼﻮ ﻟﻘﻮ ﻟﺐ ﻟﻤﺠﺎﻧﻴﺔ .ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻴﺪ ﻳﺔ ﻟﻰ ﻧﺺ ﻓﻖ ﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎ ﻋﺪﺳﺎ ﻧﻈﺎ ﻹﺳﻘﺎ ﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ -ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺟﻬﺎ ﺳﻘﺎ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ) SVGAﺑﻌﺎ (٦٠٠ × ٨٠٠
ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺑﺘﻨﺴﻴﻘﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺪ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺜﺎ .(HTML PDF XGA ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎ ﻗﺼﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪ .ﻳﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻃﺮ 2000iﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎ ﺳﻘﺎ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ
) ﺑﻌﺎ (٧٦٨ × ١٠٢٤ﻳﻀﺎ.
SMART Board
ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻟﻤﻌﺮ ﺿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ،ﻛﺘﺐ ﻓﻮ ﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ،ﻛﺰ ﻧﺘﺒﺎ ﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻟﺼﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ -ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺟﻬﺎ ﻹﺳﻘﺎ
ﻟﻤﺸﺎﻫﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻣﻴﺰ ﻟﻀﻮ ﻟﻤﺴﻠﻂ ﻇﻞ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ،ﻏﻴﺮ ﻟﻚ ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ. ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻮﺣﺪ .
ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ™LinQ
ﻟﻤﻘﺒﺾ ﻟﻀﺒﻂ ﺗﻔﺎ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ١٧٥٫٣ﺳﻢ ) ٦٩ﺑﻮﺻﺔ( ﻣﻘﺒﺾ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻻ ﺗﻔﺎ -ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺳﺘﺨﺪ
ﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻟﻠﻮﺣﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ .2000iﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ LinQ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮ
٢١٠٫٨ﺳﻢ ) ٨٣ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(.
ﺷﺒﻜﺘﻚ ﻟﺴﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻹﻧﺸﺎ ﺗﺼﺎ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻷﺟﻬﺰ .
ﺗﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ - SMARTﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﻫﺞ ،ﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺻﻮ
ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﺑﺰ ﻳﺔ ﻳﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ .
ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎ ﻟﻨﻈﺎ ﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ Windows
ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ ® Pentiumﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ١٥٠ﻣﻴﺠﺎﻫﺮﺗﺰ )ﻳﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ٤٥٠ﻣﻴﺠﺎﻫﺮﺗﺰ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺳﺮ ( • ﻛﺮ ﺻﻮ
ﻻﺳﺘﻴﺮﻳﻮ ﻟﻤﻜﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪ ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ. ﻟﻨﻈﺎ ﻟﺼﻮﺗﻲ -ﻳﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﺻﻮ ﺳﻤﺎﻋﺎ
ﻋﺸﻮ ﺋﻲ ﺑﺴﻌﺔ ١٢٨ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ )ﻳﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻛﺮ ﺻﻮ ﻋﺸﻮ ﺋﻲ ﺑﺴﻌﺔ ٢٥٦ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ( • ﻣﻨﻔﺬ USBﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﺰ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ
ﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ١٦٠ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ • ﻧﻈﺎ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ )Windows NT® 4.0 (SP6 • ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻘﺮ ﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﻔﻞ ﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﻔﻞ -ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ 2000iﺑﺎﺣﺘﻮ ﺋﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻊ ﻋﺠﻼ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﺠﻼ
Windows 98ﺣﺪ • Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0ﺣﺪ • ﻹﺻﺪ ٧٫٠٫١٩ﻣﻦ Macromedia® Flash® playerﺻﺪ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ.
ﺣﺪ )ﻣﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻪ(
ﻟﻨﻈﺎ ﻷﺟﻬﺰ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ®Macintosh ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎ
ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ -ﺿﻊ ﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎ ﻟﺨﺎ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ
•
ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ٤٠٠ﻣﻴﺠﺎﻫﺮﺗﺰ )ﻳﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ٨٠٠ﻣﻴﺠﺎﻫﺮﺗﺰ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺳﺮ ( ﻛﺮ ﺻﻮ ﻋﺸﻮ ﺋﻲ ﺑﺴﻌﺔ ١٢٨ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ )ﻳﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪ
ﻟﻮﺻﻮ ﻟﻴﻬﺎ.
• •
ﻛﺮ ﺻﻮ ﻋﺸﻮ ﺋﻲ ﺑﺴﻌﺔ ٢٥٦ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ( ﻣﻨﻔﺬ USBﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﺰ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻘﺮ ﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ٥٠ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ﻷ ﻧﻰ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ
•
١١٥ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ﻟﻠﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻀﻤﻨﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﻌﺮ ﻟﺼﻮ ﻹﺻﺪ ١٠٫١٫٥ﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ) Mac OS Xﻹﺻﺪ ١٫٣٫١ﻣﻦ Javaﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻷ
ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻻﺣﻖ( ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺣﺪ ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ. ﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮ -ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻟﺮ ﻓﻲ
ﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ SMART Boardﻟﻨﻈﺎﻣﻲ ® Linux® UNIXﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻰ ﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ Macintosh Windowsﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ. ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﺻﺪ
ﻣﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﺠﺎ ﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﺠﺎ ﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ Microsoftﻓﻲ ﻳﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ .SMART Technologies Incﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ Windows Microsoft Notebook LinQ X-Port DViT SMART Boardﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺎ ﺗﺠﺎ ﻳﺔ ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻋﻼﻣﺎ ﺗﺠﺎ SMART .© 2005 SMART Technologies Incﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﺤﻘﻮ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ .ﺷﻌﺎ
ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎ ﻷﺧﺮ ﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﺎ ﺧﺎ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻷﻏﺮ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮ ﻋﻼﻣﺎ ﺗﺠﺎ ﻳﺔ ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﻴﻦ .ﺗﻤﺖ ﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻜﻨﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﻳﻞ .٢٠٠٥ ﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎ ﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪ ﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ /ﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻷﺧﺮ .ﺗﻢ ﻛﺮ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺳﻤﺎ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎ
ﺧﻄﺎ .ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ. ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻟﻤﻮ ﺻﻔﺎ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ