The Thinning of

The Ozone
Layer
 Introduction
• Ozone is a bluish gas located in the
stratosphere which protects the earth by
absorbing UV-B and prevents this harmful
radiation from reaching the earth.
• Research has shown that the ozone is slowly
being depleted.
• We will discuss:
– What is Ozone?
– TheOzone-depleting substances
– Effects of the ozone depletion.
– Solutions to the problem
 What is ozone?

Ozone is a stable molecule

composed of three oxygen atoms.

While stable, it is highly reactive. The

Greek word ozein means “to smell” and O3
has a strong pungent odor. Electric
discharges in air often produce significant
quantities of O3 and you may have
smelled O3 near these sources.
Ozone in the atmosphere
The ozone layer
What’s the causes of phenomen?
 Ozone-depleting substances
*Chloroluorocarbons (CFCs)
subclass=Hydrochloroluorocarbons (HCFCs)

*Halons (halon-1211, halon-1301, halon-

2402)
*Carbon tetrachloride (CCI4).

*Methyl bromide (CH3Br — abbreviated to

MB)
 CFC
• The thinning of the ozone layer is mainly due
to chlorofluorocarbons (CFC).
• Once in the stratosphere, CFC are broken
down by ultraviolet rays.
• As a result, the highly reactive chlorine
radicals (Cl) are release.
• These chlorine radicals break down ozone
molecules, O3 in a chain reaction.
 Carbon Tetra Chloride
 Fire Extinguishers
 Aerosol Spray Propellants
 Dry Cleaning
 Methyl bromide
 Industrial Solvent

 Halon
 Fire Extinguishing agent
 CCL4
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• Increase in UV reaching the earth’s
surface, which causes harm to :
–Humans
–Animals
–Plants and Agriculture
–The Ocean and Aquatic Ecosystems
 Impact on Humans and
Animals
• Damaging health effects primarily
with skin, eyes, and immune
system

• Reduced air quality

 Plants and Agriculture

• How does the depletion on

ozone effects plants and
agriculture?
 Ocean and Aquatic
Ecosystems
• Diminishes productivity of the
oceans

• Decreases species such as fish

and shrimp
 SOLUTIONS TO THE
PROBLEM
• Banning or reducing the usage of
CFC’s and HCFC’s.
• Stopping, replacing the Halons
• Chlorine monoxide(Cio) and
Bromine monoxide(BrO)
 Replacing Halogens

• FM-200 – Heptafluoropropane

• Novec 1230 – Nonafluoro-4-

trifluoromethyl-3-pentanone
 DIESEL MF

• High amounts of CO,Nox,Sulfur oxide.

 Gas Turbines

A gas turbine plant has a low level of exhaust

emissions such as oxides of nitrogen and gas
oil contains no sulphur.