Professional Documents
Culture Documents
On 7th January 2008, Beijing Ministry of Health (MoH) Website reported that
2 a 19-year-old woman fell ill on 24th December 2007 and was hospitalized on 27th
December 2007. She died on 5th January 2008 after treatment failed. Post-mortem
tests confirmed the woman had contracted the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain of 15
the bird flu virus. Beijing health authorities reported that a total of 116 people,
including family members and medical workers, were in contact with the woman
and were under hospital observation. More than 370,000 poultry were culled
following a H5N1 bird flu outbreak.
20
Figure 1: Cumulated Human Cases and Deaths from H5N1
300
250 Legends:
Number of People
200
Infections
150
Deaths
100
50
0
Feb-04
Feb-05
Feb-06
Feb-07
D
D
S
S
M
1. H5N1 is extremely virulent and causes illness and death to birds only.
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A True
B False
C Not stated
2. The chance of infection when a human comes in contact with an infected bird is
more than 50%.
A True
B False
C Not stated
3. A vaccine can only be produced when people have been exposed to the virus.
A True
B False
C Not stated
4. Families and individuals have to protect themselves from avian flu infection as
there is no vaccine at the start of the infection.
A True
B False
C Not stated
A True
B False
C Not stated
A True
B False
C Not stated
7. In this article, the author tries to explain the risks of avian flu.
A True
B False
C Not stated
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3 According to the Hebrew Bible, "The patient man shows much good
sense, but the quick-tempered man displays folly at its height" (Proverbs
14:29, NAB); "An ill-tempered man stirs up strife, but a patient man allays
discord." (Proverbs 15:18, NAB); and "A patient man is better than a warrior,
and he who rules his temper, than he who takes a city." (Proverbs 16:32). The 20
emotion is also discussed in other sections, such as Ecclesiastes: "Better is the
patient spirit than the lofty spirit. Do not in spirit become quickly
discontented, for discontent lodges in the bosom of a fool." (Ecclesiastes 7:8-
9, NAB).
5 Patience in Islam is one of the best and most valuable virtues of life.
Through patience, a Muslim believes that an individual can grow closer to
Allah and thus attain true peace. It is also stressed in Islam, that Allah is with
those who are patient, more specifically during suffering. Some of the Holy
Qur’an verses about patience urge Muslims to "seek God (Allah)'s help with 35
patient perseverance and prayer" (2:45) and "give glad tidings to those who
patiently persevere" (2:155-157). The Qur’an states that Muslims should
"Persevere in patience and constancy" (3:200) and "be steadfast in patience"
(11:115). It notes that "No one will be granted such goodness except those
who exercise patience and self-restraint, none but persons of the greatest 40
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A restrain
B impatience
C moderation
D depression
10 According to the Hebrew Bible, a patient man is sensible whereas an impatient man
often acts foolishly.
A True
B False
C Not stated
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12 According to the Qur’an, Allah is with those who are patient, more specifically during
suffering (line 33). This means that…
A Allah will never abandon Muslims who are in trouble and seek His help.
B Muslims should be patient all the time and everything will eventually turn out fine.
C Muslims should only be patient when they are facing difficult situations in their lives.
13 “It takes patient perseverance, or endurance with a good spirit still intact, in order to
reap both the internal and external rewards of struggle.”(line 48) This means that…
A patience and positive thinking are crucial in enduring obstacles in one’s life.
B serenity and cheerfulness are vital when facing difficulties.
C mental and physical health are attained if one is patient.
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1 Economists predict that the Malaysian economy, while far from immune to global
events, should hold up relatively well this year. Even so, human resource
practitioners are bracing for news of job cuts. While the weakening of business
activities within Malaysian industries have not yet resulted in major layoffs, it is
only prudent that strategies be set in place to anticipate all possible eventualities: it 5
pays to plan ahead. In this regard, the government has set aside RM70 million for
training unemployed graduates in view of the grim economic situation. This is just
the most recent of a long list of measures already in place to help the nation’s
graduates secure employment. Much has been planned and implemented over the
last several years to help make them more marketable and match them to existing 10
job vacancies.
2 Significant inroads have been made and many youths are now gainfully
employed as a result of the many programmes instituted. But much more than skills
training courses, internships and placements is required to resolve this longstanding
problem faced by thousands of degree and diploma holders from institutions of 15
higher learning every year. Last year alone, 40,000 unemployed graduates
registered with the Human Resources Ministry’s electronic labour bourse. The
large number of those who fail to secure jobs underscores a larger problem- not
unemployment, but the employability of our newly-minted graduates. Young
entrants to the job market complain they can’t get hired; employers reply that they 20
are not qualified or too expensive for what’s on offer. While evolving courses to
meet market and industry needs is another viable measure to address this issue, it is
imperative that graduates on their part also help themselves. Aside from better
qualifications, they need to have vastly different skills and aptitudes. They must
also be flexible, adaptable and most crucially, enterprising. 25
Many youths now tend to take the safe route-study, secure a place in
3 university, graduate, and then land a respectable and stable job. Everyone wants to
be a doctor, engineer, architect or accountant. Some, it has been said, would prefer
to be unemployed if they fail to get what is, in their estimation, a job befitting their
status or qualification. This attitude needs to change. Young people must be made 30
aware that there are alternatives to conventional jobs and opportunities for them to
seize if they dare take that leap of faith. All it takes is a good idea, and some help,
to turn that bud of a concept into something tangible.
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15 Due to the economic slowdown and its eventual effects on the job market, the
government has plans to
A create more job vacancies
B offer marketable courses at universities
C set aside RM70 million
D train jobless graduates
16 The following programmes are carried out by the government in an effort to make
graduates more marketable except
A skills training
B internships
C placements
D aptitude training
17 According to the passage, the following are some of the reasons for unemployment
of graduates except
A low salaries
B lack of skills
C attitudes of the graduates
D weakening of the economy
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1 Can you imagine being really small? Small enough to go inside the human body
and find your own way around? Well, this is your chance! Come along and
discover the arts of your body.
2 The brain and the spinal column –The brain is the most delicate, fragile
and complex part of the human body. So, it is well shielded! Although it weighs 5
only 1.4 kilograms in an adult, it is a perfect database. The brain is made up of
hundred thousand (100,000) million cells, more than the number of stars in the
Milky Way.
3 The five senses - The five senses are sight, taste, hearing, smell and
touch. These enable us to see beautiful things, to enjoy food, to listen to music, to 10
smell flowers and to recognise different textures and surfaces.
4 The heart and the blood – Blood flows through the veins and the arteries,
carrying oxygen and nourishing all parts of the body. In the lungs the blood is
enriched with oxygen. The heart then pumps this oxygenated blood throughout the
body. 15
5 The respiratory system – There are two lungs in the human body. These are
situated within the thorax, protected by the ribs. The lungs are very important,
because they supply the blood with oxygen, through alveoli which are tiny sacs
filled up with air.
6 The digestive system – Basically, the digestive system is a channel which starts 20
at the mouth and ends at the anus. Food goes down the eosophagus (food-pipe),
then it is ground up in the stomach, before being passed into the small intestine
where the blood is nourished by proteins from the food. The remainder then passes
into the large intestine and anything which is not digested by that time is expelled
through the anus. 25
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heart, the muscles in the intestine and the respiratory system move without our
knowledge, even when we are asleep.
8 The bones – There are two hundred and six (206) bones in the human 30
skeleton, twenty nine (29) in the cranium (skull); twenty six (26) in the spinal
column; twenty five (25) in the rib cage and sixty four (64) in the arms and hands.
Altogether, the legs and feet have sixty two (62) bones. We need to take special
care of the bones in our head and in our spinal column.
9 Filters in the body – The kidneys filter the blood and control the chemical 35
balance of the body. The waste is expelled through our urine. The kidneys are
vital, because they prevent waste material from getting into the blood.
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27 “Others, like the heart, the muscles in the intestine and the respiratory system
move without our knowledge, even when we are asleep.” (lines 23-25). This shows
that these movements…
A are not controlled by our brain
B occur without the help of bones
C take place only when we are asleep
29 The writer uses the phrase ‘the arts of the body’ (paragraph 1) to refer to…
A the main biological functions of the body.
B the vital organs of the body
C the mechanism of the body function
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1 The fierce appetite for live reef fish across Southeast Asia – and increasingly in
mainland China – is devastating populations in the Coral Triangle, a protected
marine region home to the world’s richest ocean diversity, according to a recent
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report in the scientific journal Conservation Biology. It was further reported
that spawning of reef fish in this area, which supports 75 percent of all known 5
coral species in the world, has declined 79 percent over the past 5 to 20 years,
depending on location.
3 Since the 1980s, Hong Kong has been the epicentre of the live fish trade. 15
That trade has greatly expanded in the last decade to an $810 million business,
according to the Worldwide Fund for Nature, which monitors the market.
Rising wealth in mainland China may be a contributing factor to the increase in
the trade with the demand for exotic fish especially high in Shanghai and
Beijing. Destinations popular with Chinese tourists are seeing an increase, too. 20
While Kota Kinabalu has long been a draw for Chinese vacationers, “eating
tourism” is booming lately. This is because live reef fish cost 60 percent less
here than in Hong Kong. Even locals unaffiliated with the tourist trade are
aware of the surge. Across the street from the Port View, Malays at the famous
Night Market speak with awe about the Chinese tourists who spend “thousands 25
of ringgit a week just eating fish.”
4 Grouper is by far the most popular - and therefore endangered - of the reef
fish, with 26 percent of the world’s 161 species threatened or near threatened.
With life spans of up to 40 years, groupers can grow to eight feet in the wild.
After sexual maturity, female groupers can change into males to compensate for 30
population imbalances, becoming “secondary males” in a process called
protogyny. But groupers take five years to mature, and most are taken out of the
water long before. They are grown to market size in seaside tanks and on dinner
plates before they can reproduce.
5 The Director of the Fund’s Live Fish Trade Initiative said that live trade 35
was largely responsible for the removal of juvenile or undersize and sexually
immature fish. The fund works to manage the Coral Triangle with the six
countries that share its seas – Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the
Philippines, Solomon Islands and East Timor. It is no easy task in region where
“fish bombing” with dynamite or cyanide is routine, and where the enforcement 40
of existing protected zones is often anaemic.
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7 Colonies of seabirds which were once exploited heavily and are now
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protected. is CONFIDENTIAL
Special until the
feeding or breeding test isare
places over. CONFIDENTIAL*
now routinely protected on 50
land for many species, because of the recognition that animals are vulnerable at
this time or that their aggregated state is very important for their biology.
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31 The following steps can be taken to overcome the problem of over fishing except
A prohibiting the sales of fish
B ensuring the enforcement of protected areas
C establishing standards for sustainable practices
D increasing spawning aggregations
33 The factor that most probably contributes to the increasing trade of exotic fish is
A the increasing number of tourists from China
B the rising wealth of China
C the rising population in China
D the demand from fishermen in China
35 The countries involved in the Live Fish Trade Initiative are the following except
A China
B Philippines
C Solomon Islands
D Papua New Guinea
36 Which of the following is not a reason for the decrease in spawning aggregations in
the Coral Triangle?
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A Over fishing
B Uncontrolled fishing
C High demands for live fish
D The poor condition of reef fisheries
37 From a very practical perspective, loss of the aggregations ultimately means loss of
the associated fishery, so it makes good practical sense to change our attitude. The
article ends with…
A a reminder
B an anecdote
C a description
D a justification
2 The earthquake struck in the San Fernando Valley 32.2 kilometres northwest of
downtown Los Angeles near the community of Northridge. The actual epicentre of the
quake was in Reseda, near the intersection of Reseda Boulevard and Saticoy Street. 10
However, it took several days to pinpoint the epicentre with accuracy, and in the
meantime the media had already dubbed it "The Northridge Earthquake." The name
stuck, in part due to the extensive damage and loss of life in Northridge. The National
Geophysical Data Centre places the hypocenter's geographical coordinates at
34°12′47″N 118°32′13″W / 34.21306, -118.53694 and a depth of 17 kilometres. Despite 15
the area's proximity to the San Andreas Fault, the Northridge quake did not occur along
this fault, but rather on a previously-undiscovered blind thrust fault.
3 Damage occurred up to 125 kilometres away, with the most damage in the west
of San Fernando Valley, and the cities of Santa Monica, Simi Valley and Santa Clarita.
The Northridge Meadows apartment complex was one of the well-known affected areas 20
in which sixteen people were killed. The Northridge Fashion Centre also sustained very
heavy damage—most notably, the collapse of parking structures. Major freeway damage
occurred up to 32 kilometres from the epicentre. The Newhall Pass interchange of
Interstate 5 and State Route 14 collapsed as it had 23 years earlier during the 1971
Sylmar earthquake even though it had been rebuilt with improved structural 25
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components. One life was lost in the Newhall Pass interchange collapse: LAPD
motorcycle officer Clarence W. Dean fell 40 feet from the damaged connector from
southbound 14 to southbound I-5 along with his motorcycle. Due to the early morning
darkness, he was unaware that the elevated roadway beneath him had dropped, and was 30
unable to stop in time to avoid the fall and died instantly. When the interchange was
rebuilt again one year later, it was renamed the Clarence Wayne Dean Memorial
Interchange in his honour.
4
Eleven hospitals suffered structural damage and therefore, could not be used.
Not only were they unable to serve their local neighbourhoods, they had to transfer out 35
their inpatient populations, which further increased the burden on nearby hospitals that
were still operational. As a result, the state legislature passed a law requiring all
California hospitals to ensure that their acute care units and emergency rooms are
housed in earthquake-proof structures by January 1, 2005.
5
An unusual effect of the Northridge earthquake was an outbreak of 40
coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever), a respiratory disease caused by inhaling airborne
spores. The number of cases in Ventura County was roughly 10 times the normal rate in
the eight weeks following the earthquake and three people died. It is thought that the
spores were carried in large clouds of dust created by seismically triggered landslides.
6
The Northridge earthquake led to a number of legislative changes. Due to the 45
large amount lost by insurance companies because of the earthquake, most insurance
companies either stopped offering or severely restricted earthquake insurance in
California. In response, the California Legislature created the California Earthquake
Authority (CEA), which is a publicly managed but privately funded organization that
offers minimal coverage. A substantial effort was also made to reinforce freeway 50
bridges against seismic shaking and a law requiring water heaters to be properly
strapped was passed in 1995.
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40 The Newhall Pass interchange of Interstate 5 and State Route 14 collapsed as it had 23 years
earlier during the 1971 Sylmar earthquake even though it had been rebuilt with
improved structural components. This statement shows that …
A an earthquake had never happened before in that area
B the earthquake happened with unusual strong ground acceleration
C an earthquake happens once in every 23 years in the area
D the earthquake caused extensive damages to the highways
43 The Northridge earthquake not only caused damages to lives and structures but it also brought
A poverty to The United States of America
B an epidemic problem released in the air
C a problem of reconstructing the infrastructures
D awareness to the people
44 From the passage, it is informed that officer Clarence W. Dean died while
A on his motorcycle while passing the Newhall Pass Interchange
B on duty when the elevated roadway collapse
C on his way to help the victims of the Northridge earthquake
D on his way to the hospital
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1. B 26. C
2. A 27. A
3. A 28. B
4. C 29. A
5. C 30. C
6. B 31. A
7. A 32. A
8. A 33. B
9. A 34. B
10. A 35. A
11. B 36. D
12. A 37. A
13. A 38. B
14. C 39. B
15. D 40. B
16. D 41. C
17. A 42. B
18. C 43. B
19. D 44. B
20. B 45. D
21. D
22. B
23. B
24. C
25. B
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