‫ﲤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ















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‫ﲤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ















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‫ﺫ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬ ‫‪www.elghzizal.canalblog.com‬‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬

‫א
אول‪


:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻧﻤﻸ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬

‫‪ (2‬ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻸﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ ﻭﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ X1 max = 5mol‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝ ‪ Al2S3‬ﻭ ‪ X2 max = 4 mol‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝ ‪H2O‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ‪:‬‬

‫
א
א

‪:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬

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 ‫‪ (2‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻠﺰ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻟﻸﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ‪.‬‬

‫] ‪[Fe‬‬
‫‪2+‬‬
‫‪aq‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪n( Fe 2+ aq ) 0,21‬‬
‫‪VS‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪0,2‬‬
‫‪= 1,05mol.L−1‬‬

‫] ‪[Cu‬‬‫‪2+‬‬
‫‪aq‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪n(Cu 2+ aq ) 0,14‬‬
‫‪VS‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪0,2‬‬
‫‪= 0,7mol.L−1‬‬

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א
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‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻛﺴﺠﻴﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ‬

‫
א
אא
‪:‬‬

‫
‬
‫)‪H+(aq‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ ﻫﻮ ‪ :‬ﺃﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻛﺴﻮﻧﻴﻮﻡ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ‪ P = 1 bar = 105Pa‬ﻭ ‪T = 20+273 = 293K‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪ :‬ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ‪ n ( H2) = 5.10-4 mol‬ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫‪PV = nRT‬‬
‫‪nRT‬‬ ‫‪5 . 10 − 4. 8,314 . 293‬‬
‫= ‪V‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 1, 2 . 10 − 5 m 3 = 12 ml‬‬
‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫א
א"!
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‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬

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 ‫‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ‪ II‬ﻷﻥ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﺧﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰ ﻷﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ‪II‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺛﻠﺚ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﺤﺴﺐ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ ‪n r ( Zn ) = X max = 5.10-2mol‬‬
‫‪n0( Zn ) = 3.n r (Zn ) = 1,5.10-1mol‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (6‬ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫) ‪m(Cu‬‬
‫= ‪nf‬‬ ‫‪⇒ m(Cu ) = M (Cu ).n f‬‬
‫) ‪M (Cu‬‬
‫‪m(Cu ) = 63,5.5.10 −2 = 3,175 g‬‬

‫א
אدس

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(1‬‬

‫

‬
‫‪(2‬ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ )‪ (a‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﻴﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﻦ ﻳﺨﺘﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬
‫) ﻻ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺤﺪ (‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ‪Xmax =1,5.10-2mol :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪ ﻫﻮ ‪H2S‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ‪:‬‬
‫• ‪n f(SO2) =5.10-3mol‬‬
‫• ‪n f (H2S ) = 0‬‬
‫) ﻧﻘﺮﺃ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ‪xmax‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ‪ H2S‬ﻭ ‪( SO2‬‬
‫• ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺗﺞ ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪n( H 2 S ) n ( S ) n ( H 2 O‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪n( S ) = n( H 2 S ) = 2,25.10 − 2 mol‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪n( H 2 O) = 1,5.10 − 2 mol‬‬

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