ABSTRACT

Human body is neat and complicated; stress may cause great irreversible damages
to the bones and soft tissues, muscles and the human is mainly made of bone structure
which is key to functioning of the body and it consist of strong outer bone called cortical
and inner soft bone called cancellous bone. These bones undergo resoption under higher
stresses and the body structure will be weakened to take the loads so for proper safety and
working the stress levels should be within the allowable range of bone material to prevent
resoption. Now a day, due to road accidents, there are number of cases reporting with
bone fractures, due to advances in computer based finite element techniques it is possible
to estimate stress levels in the bone structure. Also it is possible to estimate bond strength
on the structure. Here we have used modelling software CATIA, meshing by HYPER
MESH and finite element simulation software ANSYS.

In the present work we have analysed two cases. In the first case a crack in the
bone is analysed with titanium and polymer composite plating to get a better fixation.
Initially the femur bone with pelvis hip joint is created using CATIA software and
meshed using hyper mesh. The meshed objects are imported to ANSYS for analysis. Both
cortical and cancellous bones created and represented. Titanium and polymer plates are
clamped with screws which are represented by beam elements. Structure is analysed for
solid, cracked and bonded conditions. The result shows un-cracked model femur bone
stress and deformations are less compared to cracked model. Cracked model stresses are
less compared to bonded models. In the bonded model, titanium bonded model is creating
lesser stresses so titanium is better material than polymer. In case 2, we have replaced
pelvis of the hip joint by titanium and polymer composite material, we carried out the
analysis for four different magnitudes of 250,500,750,1000N. The results shows titanium
material is the better replacement compared to the polymer composite material.