Table 1: The hierarchy of love and the meaning of the terms

Hierarchy Terminology Root word interpretation Quranic

verses
1. Hiyam Hayama Passionate love 2:68
(tatayum) Enchanted 2:70
Captivated 2:71
Be crazy about 2:74
To be slave of 2:189
2:259
2. Isyq ‘Asyaqa Dovetailing 5:101
(asyiq) To couple 7:85
To make love 11:85
To fit tightly 26:183
together 54:51

3. Wudd Wadda Love 30:21

(mawadah) to love 4:73
To like 5:82
To fond 29:25
To wish 42:23
60:1
60:7
4. hub habba love 2:165
(mahabah) To love 2:177
To like 3:14
To fond 4:71
4:157
5:3
5. syauq syaaqa Longing 27:44
missing
To crave
To desire
6. rugbah raqaba To desire 4:92
To want 5:89
To wish 58:3
90:13
7. sahabah sahiba Companion 7:57
To be friend 24:43
30:48
35:9
8. rahmah rahima Mercy 30:21
to have human 6:16
understanding 11:43
11:119
12:53
 44:42
67:28
9. wiamu Wa’ama harmony 106:4
To be suited
To agree
10. ‘itfh ‘athofu Sympathy 37:165
To symphatize 12:84

11. intifa Naf’a Need 11:87

To benefit 37:34
38:54
77:18
87:9