TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

Power Transformer Circulation Current

Determination
of
Power Transformer
Circulating Current

ADWEA STANDARD (ANNEX 1): CALC-TRAFO-CIRCCUR (Rev.1-2005)

Page: 1 of 5 Date: 2/20/2005

 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Power Transformer Circulating Current

CONTENTS

1. Configuration of Equipment 3

2. Assumptions 3

3. Calculations 4

4. Currents 4

5. Transformer Voltage 5

6. Over-Voltage Ratio 5

7. Reactive Power 5

Page: 2 of 5 Date: 2/20/2005

 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Power Transformer Circulation Current

Technical Details
System Voltage :
Installation Place :
Substation Name :

1. Configuration of Equipment

V11 V21
I11
TR1 ZTR1 ZC1
(TRANSFORMER
I1 No.1)
(CABLE)
I2
V12 V22
I12
TR2 ZTR2 ZC2
(TRANSFORMER No.2) (CABLE)
xxkV BB
xx kV BB

2. Assumptions

Variable

P := 50 MVA (Power of Transformers. (MVA))

V n := 115 kV (Busbar Voltage (kV.))

V pT1pl := 126.5 kV (Primary voltage of transformer No. 1,

TC-position=1, (kV.))

V sT1pl := 34.5 (Secondary voltage of transformer No. 1, (kV.)

(Primary voltage of transformer No. 2,

V pT2ph := 103.5 kV TC-position=17, (kV.))

V sT2ph := 34.65 kV (Secondary voltage of transformer No. 2, (kV.)

ZT1 := 14.48 % (Transformer 1 Impedance, (see factory test sheets or

name plate, IMPEDANCE VOLTAGE, %)

%
ZT2 := 13.39 (Transformer 1 Impedance, (see factory test sheets or
name plate, IMPEDANCE VOLTAGE, %)

ZC := 0 (Cable Impedance, Ohm)

Page: 3 of 5 Date: 2/20/2005

 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Power Transformer Circulation Current

3. Calculations

1.Impedances( Secondary side)

(
ZT1 VsT1pl )2 (Ohm / line)
ZTR1 := ZTR1 = 3.447
P 100

2
VsT2ph
ZL1 := (Ohm / line) ZL1 = 0.075
V pT1pl

(
ZT2 VsT2ph )2
ZTR2 := (Ohm / line) ZTR2 = 3.215
P 100

2
VsT2ph
ZL2 := (Ohm / line) ZL2 = 0.112
VpT2ph

ZC1 := ZC (Ohm / line) ZC1 = 0

ZC2 := ZC (Ohm / line) ZC2 = 0

4. Currents

Vn Vn
VsT1pl 103
VpT2ph VpT1pl
I2 := (secondary circulating current, (A))
3 ( ZTR1 + ZL1 + ZC1 + ZTR2 + ZL2 + ZC2)

I2 = 587.496

VsT2ph
I11 := I2 (Primary current of transformer 1, (A))
V pT1pl
I11 = 160.923

VsT2ph (Primary current of transformer 2, (A))

I12 := I2
VpT2ph
I12 = 196.683

I1 := I11 + I12 (Generator current, (A))

I1 = 35.761

Page: 4 of 5 Date: 2/20/2005

 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Power Transformer Circulation Current

5. Transformer Voltage

( Primary side)
I11
V11 := Vn 3 (Transformer 1, (kV))
1000
V11 = 114.721

I12
V12 := Vn 3 (Transformer 2, (kV))
1000
V12 = 115.341
( secondaryside)

VsT1pl ( 3 I2 ZTR1) (Transformer 1, (kV))

V21 := V11
VpT1pl 1000 V21 = 27.78

VsT1pl 3 ( I2) ZTR2 (Transformer 2, (kV))

V22 := V12
VpT2ph 1000 V22 = 41.719

6. Over-Voltage Ratio

( Primary side)

V11
TR11 := (Overvoltage ratio of transformer 1, (%))
VpT1pl

TR11 = 0.907

V12
TR21 := (Overvoltage ratio of transformer 2, (%))
VpT2ph

TR21 = 1.114

( Secondary side)

V21
TR12 := (Overvoltage ratio of transformer 1, (%))
VsT2ph
TR12 = 0.802

V22
TR22 := (Overvoltage ratio of transformer 2, (%))
VsT2ph

TR22 = 1.204
7. Reactive Power

3
Pr := 3 I1 Vn 10 (Reactive power, (MVAr))

Pr = 7.123

Page: 5 of 5 Date: 2/20/2005