AKdG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g 1432 T e 3

(454) OdG
Tuesday 5 - July 2011
issue No (454)

k
M
j CG j zdG{
edG idG f cE dh

jDhQ .. IG

U 24

jdG FQ dG jG

:`fh``dG ``j`dG

FdG M

www.alroya.info

info@alroya.info

dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ eT jObG ej

6^625.87

%0.52-

6^194.60

FGG ASDhQ j dG dL
Oa c jQLh jhah

%0.35

2^715^06

%0.25

1^555.59

%0.15

L f ``dGh SGh IdG SDG e H

aQh ,SGh IdG SDH VdG dBG fdG dhG
.eG YhG J cQd JGQb
,eCG QU a Y YUh IQ aH bCG dG G Mh
YdH G e O``Yh ,WdG e e dhG e O``Y
.H YCG MUh UCG e hGh FfEGh jQdG
dhG dG FdG dG dW H S dCGh
SGh IdG SDG jJ JCj { :a b c fdG
dhG L ````LCG ``e `````fCG ```dG G`` `gCGh ``F``c``dG i``ME` c
fCT ``e dG ```dBG H EG j G G``g CG c ,fdG
cT O```jEGh ,````dG Y SGh IdG SDG IYe
eG MJ dG jQG cQG Y IQOb Seh IU
fdG dhG L J dG G e d IQcH j gh
.zdG a eOdG IdG N H dG
IQdG IQGRH OTQEGh LdG je TGdG Y H S dCGh
g ``YO jjG H J ``dG Qh``dG a VhCG ,c YdGh
EGh ,FGh QdG jG YCG EG gGh jQG
e gJ dG eGh GQSG N e jQe
.jQdG jQe
07

zjQGOEG HbdG{ QhO J :JdG GY

OdG a MdG SJ j
UN -jDhdG
Jf `` e ``` Y ``` a OQ
HbdG Ihf eCG jDhdG
QG SQCG ,jQGOEGh dG
eCG R```G ``e```Gh ``f```dG
JdG G```Y dG G
GOY a VSG Y ``bQh
Lh Wh ,IhdG Qh e
YVG ``` U``G ``` f
N ``cQ````G ```dh```J ```dG
.IhdG
IQh`` ` ` ` `V `` ` J`` ` ` ` `dG `` ` ` ` ` `cCGh
J I``j``L ``` dBG G`````SG
R ```M````dG ``e G``j``e

j dWh dW 7200
GZ ..zA U{ cGe
fdG -e
d dG ``e``f``dG fCGh da A``` HQCG G``Z J
BG S cQ dPh ,A U QT 2011 SQGG
Weh a kGce 36 j dWh dW Feh
.QG dj T e 20 M Jda Jh ,dG dG
ie Y S dG aG j efdG da Jh
dG ``e``f``dG fCH jJ J eh a ``c
dG dG GdGh VhdG Hh ,dN J dG ddGh
2011 SQGG d dG efdG JCjh .dG hQG
Y U Ie hC f dG dG efd k SG dG Gg
SJ a ,U kGce 11 N e dW 2200 a QTh 2009
Jjh ,fEG d 2010 dG efdG cQG ah OY
.dWh dW (6900) EG cQd LEG OdG
19

dSEG L je 4 `H zjh{ EG j G
jDhdG -e
dG Id WdG e ee SQM fG
H ````EG ```jh ``j``a EG G Y
dH Q``L ``e ```dEG GQ```e ``c eH Ff
.VG SG
,VG SG N zJ{ e G dCJh
j JQe JHhQ SCG QG CG H

Vhd he :SEG S
dG GdG QOj d dGhh
ch -HGW
e dG dG EG dG FdG GdG SEG S b
dG GdG IQOe dGh f kaf ,zjOH{ Uh e HQ
.dhdG FG G QGb QhU H
bdG Ice QhU H jdG Y d QX hCG dP AL
Fd H qLJ c h .fdG z1 EG J{ Id jM dhdG
JHV ```UG``J ```dG ``J```dG M G`` bh R``cQ```S f fdG
adG ``c ``` SEG S ``Yq ``J HGW UdG Y jdG
,WG eCH FG d HdG hdG LJ YGh ,dH
HGd ``L```dG Y ``c ,C` ` G G````dG ``NG ```d{ :``` VCGh
.ze Vhd
H dG dG Y RcQS H Uh e SEG S Yh
,z``aGQ{ ``f e GFW AGd fa U GdG e aQ
dGh ,zSGO{ cT J dG fdG HG IFdG EG IQTEG
13 .GdG V VfG fG b HGd H jQH dhM

jDhdG -QU

M -G S H SHb dG dG MU IM H
`JH `jdG Y FdG ea `NCG EG J bH -YQh G
icP S dG ```WG`````dG ``j``FG``G ``jQ````G FQ
UCGh fJ ```WCG G dG dL V ,O``H SG
EG AYdH fhe jG dGh AdGh dG aGH ed J
FGG d bh ,ea Y SG g j CG J G
.G JOb X QgORGh bQh J e dEG j e c dG
- G S H SHb dG dG MU IM H c
FQ aJ `L`g `FdG `e`a EG J bH -YQh G M
WCG dL V ,OH SG icP S jha jQL
jhdG dh IOdGh dG aGH ed Jh fJ
.bdGh dG OGWCG jdG
- G S ``H SHb dG ``d``G MU IM ```Hh
jQOhQ fha hQH FdG ea EG J bH -YQh G M
J ,Od WdG dG S Oa c jQL FQ SH
OH dh IOdGh dG aGH d dG dL h J
.bdGh dG OGWCG jdG

.HS edG bH Y G
b CG fjdG ze jGO{ U cPh
.dSEG L je 4 J dG
:jc `` jhCG SG ```d``H Q``e ``bh
j c d ,dH H MG c{
d CG dG GPEG .Y e OY cCG CG
,VG SG jh e GL d d .adG
.ze AHEG GhOGQCGh
20

%0.02

eGYhGdSGhIdGSDHVdGdBGjWdGe

fdG -e

jd ``jGQOEGh dG HbdG
.OdG ae FGOCG
OdG ae EG :JdG bh
JGSG O``Lh J
h``dG IY dhOh bEGh
bGeh QGOEG g AH IO``YEG
,G IO`` ` `` `e `` c`` ` `` `dG
dGh ,``` U``G ``` ` ` SD` Gh
jdG ``j``` ` Jh ,``jO``` ` ` bG
YdG fh bdG GP FG
jdG ``` a``` eh ,`` ` `` `dG
``` ` ` J `` ` ` dGh ,O`` ` ` ` dG ``` Y
dG A`` ` `Sh `` ` WG`` bh`` ` dG
Yh ``fG```dG Q````Jh ,QGOEG
.UNG j
06

5^934.48

..`dG `d `j
dG GVQ
M HCG OGDa
GVQ OGY eBG
JGdG VQ
M OjEG .O
OdG M
dG S
GdG OY
dG gGHEG

..jQS YGh gGe

dG H dj BGh
RjhQ -Y
eCG I```M je R```e ```gGO jQdG G```dG EG e ``b
hj gh QGdG EG dG CG a N dG bdG ,KG
a ,INCG fhBG ITG LMd eG dG
.T jY f eCG Gb YG
hCG SG cH cG ,```UEG ```TQh de ``gh G ``MCG ``bh
Gbh GOL J bCG Y aM 30 NO :JdG Y MCG gh a
HJh .dG WG Y FGY H GdG j ..IM ``eCG
Y dG jh G M e hUj OG GY iCGQ fCG
SH AMCG EG jODe W H IQM j T ``bh .UTCG
S bh .edG jOUh GQdG GQ``WEG GdG GTCGh jG
,M bh e fG K MCG j IM NO jQdG HHdG EG
QdG FdG M V jG MG cCG bh e ej H dPh
SS jH dG VfG A``H e eY 11 G ```SCG QH
.TCG HQCG f b SCG Jh
13

```jdG G``dG :z``G ```S{

LCG QSG J cG Gh
J EG ```eG``dG ``aG``Gh
,SCG GQOE FdG cdG
L kGc GQhO J S
eh .dG EG jG
S `````dG IO`` jR ``b```G
N ```d``G GQhC` ` `d e
OY O``Lh ``e ,G ````TCG
QG I``j``G ``H````cG ``e
QG ``dP `` ,`` ` `LGQOEG
EG ```d``NO ``e``G ```e```SEG
,Q`` `G ``` dG ``j````H ``` ` dG
dG CG Y ``H``G OTh
,kGjL kGQhO S eSEG
b gj CG bG e M
,eSEG jdG
07

jDhdG -e
S ``H j IO````S `` cCG
dG ``` ` F``dG `` H`` G
fCG G d edG d
G SCGQ GSCG Sd OGYEG
SG I``Jh ``e dG
GdG Le JM dG
b `` ` F`` ` dG ``` ` ` F``dG
.dG eG
Y ``e Qm G`` M `` bh
YG -``` YC` d OQ`````cCG
`` I`` ` `FG`` ` `dG `` `` ` dh`` `dG
-GQSGh dGh HCG
jdG GdG CH j fCG

QNCG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

Q```j dG ```dG ``G Fb

```fhH ```H zcjGH{ V``e

."2011cjGH" hdG adG Ve cQd

jDhdG -e
ch .Q``G dj e SdG M jh GZ VG CGjh
Uf ``c``dG dG h``dG e Qe ``JQO```e i``d ``YGOh S cdG AG```dG eCG U e Ie YS OdG QO``Z
dG G IOH ``cQCG V c ``KQ``G S H adGh dG dG G Fb dG S H Uf H
.G dG Gb V Qc e OYh dG dPh ,dG QGO fhH S EG Le ,d aGG dG

Lh Oj G dG Gb cQCG FQ
jdG adG jRd hCG QG e dG

Hh ,dG Lh OJ HG N h ,jdG dH
.G gG GP QeCG e OY
FQ G ``H VY ``c``dG dG HG M
H g H cdG dGh ,WdG adG c AfEG
Qc ``e O``Yh ,IQGOE` ` d `` cQCG FQ Ye TdG L
.G dG Gb cQCG SFQ V

jDhdG -e
FQ dG Uf H QM H MCG cdG jdG SG
S jdG eCG U G dG G``b ``cQCG
dG hD```d ```j``dG ``a``dG ``jR``d hCG QG ``j``e
.kdM dG Qhj dG ,ShCG
G dG G``b ``cQCG FQ cdG jdG ``MQ ``bh

YLG jYdG e e jG W UJ bJG bJ zYLG dG{

YLG ``` ` ` dG `` ` `SCG `` e `` `b`` `YEG h`` ` d
Y G W fL EG ,NdG Oh``h
dG ``` SCG ``e ``b``YEG h`` d ``b``e jJ
. M eh YLG
Y je FdG MCG H OM dG ``cCGh
JCJ bJG CG IQGRdH YLG jYdG
W J GAG`` LEG d IQGR`` dG S Q``WEG
J dGh ,IQGR``dG eN e IG dG
d `` ` FGhOh ``cG``e ``` H ``LG``` J `` `jh
cT Je EG LJ Y ``dPh ,YLG
g ,```Gh ``b``dG j ``dG ``eCG ,```Y jH
H ``LG```J ```dG ``j``dG EG ```H``gP ``M ````dG
Qfd Gf ;YLG d FGhO hCG cGe
a dG fh Y jH cT J SGdG
dG g UJ YS j Ja Y
dHh ,YLG dG I``FGO hCG ce ``bC
eG J WT b ``b IQGR`` dG J
dG ``e``G e IOSGh ,WGd eG
.Y jH cT gaJ

,iNCG dG Fb fL EG ,M eh
Y YJ H dGh dSG CGS dGh
Y ``j``H ``` X``e ``` gC` J ``e````e ``````SG
dG Te Y G c e ed
dG QG``` dG ``M IYeh ,``Y````LG
Y Y hCG de IYe Y d jOdG
RdG QO hCG H dG QG```VCG
Gh ,G OG``aCG L b e FdG
LG dG I``LC jT de IYe Y
G ja AGOCGh ,OhG NdG hd G
dG ```SC ``MG``dG ```dG ``d``M 200 ```
Vb ```Y ``` ` G ```W ``d``ch ,``Y``` ` LG
ebE RdG OQGe Yhe hU e e
jQ BG KK IQb e SCGH RQ OQe he
dG ```SCGh ``b``YEG h``d bCG c Y
,YLG dG SCG M eh ,YLG
dG `` jRh `````dG ``` ``e``` G ``````dGh
,YLG `````dG ``f```d ````W ```Y````LG
jdG ILCGh ,bYEG hd e bHh

zQ``Y{ e j b```JG bj HdG ``` oY ```H

HdG VjQ -e
jH ``c```T ``e ```Y````LG dG IQGRh ```bh
Y ``j``H ``c``` T ````J ``` Y ````J ``` b``` JG ``` Y
jdG WdG WGG W fh SH
YLG dG FGhO hCG cGe H LGJ dG
H IOLG YLG dG FGhOh cGe EG
OhOdG UJh SH dG K ,dG ``jh
FGhdGh ``cG``G ``g ``e IOQG`` dG I``` LCGh GhOCGh
dPh ,``` WG``G AD` `g EG `````dG ``g ```Y A```H
dG j YLG dG IQGRh Y GjH
.SHb
dG bJG Y J dG dG Jh
H OM YLG dG IQGRh fL e bh
jYd edG jjG Y je FdG MCG
H ``` S ``` Y ``j``H ``c``` T `` eh ,``` Y``` ` LG
cdG Y je YEH G TdG GY
MGe SQGd SQG FG ``jR``J
,YLG dG SCG AHCG e SGQdG dG

zfH P{ e edG Id dG H aCG H Rj e H

e -jDhdG

jDhdG -e

.4444 2475 Y "eG " JG c JG Lj

jM dG IFGdG dG MCG HdG oY H jh
N e GdG FHd edG aG eG MCG H
L Ie keh kYa 56 H dG Jeh Yha T
eG e Ieh Ija Y aJ M ,dG AfCG
c jdG ````dG Y ````G ```dG aG
Nh dG VhdGh Q``NOEG eGH e ,egG M
aVEH GQdH UG SH ce Vbh ,FdG jM
cdG bdGh fFEG bdGh fhdEG eG EG
QSG eN dP EG aVEH ,HdG oY H UG
.QSG IQGOEG Y N e

dG ``H```dG ```Yo H ``H ``j`` bJG bJ kG``ND` e

"eQ" h QY cTh dG IFGdG dG MCG oj
H e SEG "QGdG" Vb N e FHR jd dPh
QOdG Y d dG FdG QH dPh ,HdG oY
QY cd dG FdG IQGOEG ````FQh Y
.e -IM fGL a dPh G GY
jQdGh dG jQG jJ Y J jQY cT QYh
TH jh FdG dG "eQ" he dCjh ,dG
254 e (kdM J FdG ``eCG eL e dH)
hCG ``K hCG aZ hCG I``MGh ``f aZ e dG dCJh ,T
.dG H G ed UN aZ OLh e f Z HQCG
ajh .dG FHdG GhOCG H a aJ T c fCG c
HGW K e dDe G d e bGe hG
Uh MS ``H EG aVEH .be 400 EG J ``VQCG
VQCG HdG J ceh ,a G H UN VjQ
hO WGh fo d h .He e 5000 EG Me J
QSCG CG c ,dG "eQ" he T AGT hdG
jQ ``dCG 97,995 EG Jh oY ``jQ 37,995 e CGJ dG
jJh Vd "eg H" cT H QY eb bh .oY
ZGdG Ad HdG oY H Sh .dG G``M``dG
MCd kah SEG "QGdG" Vb eQ he T H
jdG bGh HG GG Y QSd .hdGh

```a````G `` e`` G i````` A``` JQE` d

SQ ```dG i`` NCG h`` dGh ```Y S
```H ````aC`c ```NG ```a , JWf a
e GdG Y Ge d dG
HLh Euromoney ``ehQ``j
Kh ,Global Finance fja
ThefH P e GdG Y Ge
aCG IFH dG Ra c .Banker
e 2009 d ShCG dG Y e
.Hewitt

IaG ``e````G ``` ```c ,`````G ```dG

Yh eG J GQSG Y
.edG JGSEG GQdGh PGSG
a G IFdG iNCG dG eCG
HdG GQ`` eEG ``dhO ``e ``c ```H T
jOdG HdG Gh b dhOh IG
.jdG dhO EG aVEH jdG h
SH kGQG`` ` `e `````e ``` H ``` Mh
h`` dGh `````bEG ``` ` Gh `` G `````G
G ``` Y``` ` eh ``q ` ` ` G `` ` `FGOC kG``j``` J

```H aCG I``F```H e ```H R``a

P ``` ``e 2011 `````d ``` Y ``````S
Y HdG The Banker fH
GjJ dPh IG H J fja
IG ``g ``g ````Jh .dG ``JO``j``d
dG IFG H dG H Rj dG edG
Mh GRE jJ IOT H J
bh .dG ALQCG IFGdG dG
e H fEG :dH dhDG ``MCG
ae ``e``N ``` J EG k` ` `ehO `````f
e f ```dh ,FHd ``b``K``eh Ie
IOLG G``G ``X``f fEa ,``dP
ae ``` ` ` e ```````d ```````SD`e
.GdG ``F``H``dG ``L````MG ````J ``b````e
NRh ````H ``` dG G``g CG``` f fEG :`` ` `VCGh
G aGgCG f h jc
YG eG Gb dah M jJ
,fH P EG kGOSGh . dG
Y Ak H FGd TG dG J j
YdG GR``EGh AGOCG M J je
``` ` ` ` Jh .``` ` ` JG``` SEG GQO`` `` ` Gh
G ``e````G EG ``` JGQG``b dG
N AGOCGh dG eh dG FdH

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

dG OQGG Y OYG Jh NdG QOe jJ J

Y WdG Obd Ij``L I````Wb ..```bdG

`Y ```Ua dCG 15 f ```aJ ``V ```jQe
TdG Lf -jDhdG
,G IdG N WdG Obd IjL IWb S bdG e CG dhDe LCG
OQGG Y OYG e dGh NdG QOe jJ gS V jQe Y dPh
.d LEG G dG dG
be Y a G jS dG bdG GQSG e JCS dP CG GVhCGh
Y jObG bdG e Jh .IYGh jObG e d gCG dG JGSG
c 80 H dG H MS Y Jh ,He Ge c 1680 J SGh Me
WG cCG H eh H jaCG Th ShCG dG UN jObG e cCG j
dN e be jW Ia e bdG X bh ,dG ie Y jObG
WdG NdG QOe jJ jCGh ,SdG G J jW Y fRGG dG
.Y Y MdG fd IjL Y Ua Nh

SSCG dG GSG gGh IQOd UG d

.SCJ Y eG eb dG
jG jQG cCG e j hG Gg CG JOS VCGh
fCG ge IOjRh fd Y Ua N EG J dG
Y OYG Jh d G dG LG G
e %8 G``M f hG gS M dG OQG``G
G e fEG dH HJh .2020 dG Z G dG
a dG H ae dG Gh``dG e Gc GA``L CG
h ,Gh``dG J S SSCG dG aJ LGdG e
dG fG fQH c U Ae g S hG Gg
HCd cGe e eG aS e EG aVEH dG
UNh dG QH EG j eh .G````Gh ``jQ```dGh
e ``j``` dG `````J `````V ``````S Gh`` H ``N``J ``` dG ```H
Hhdc jdGh i``NCG jdG FdGh dG G``fCG
S dhdGh IQhG GSCG G fdG NQdGh
je eT OGYG a ddh ,HhQhCG hO e
Af ``eR``dG SSG dGh SG dG ``b``dG
QeCG S H U Ae AfEG J ee jH ee
AHh SGh IdG dG S eG H h
dH I ac Me Jh Gh Fd GSCG
YCGh ````SCG Jh Jh cd SSCG
SCJh SCGh HhdG HJ QGe AfEGh dG jdGh
jQd e AfEGh ,jdGh FG HCGh SGQd e
jG d jdG G IO``L d ``c``e A````fEGh
.G jdG jZCG ed dhdG
GS 5 H YS dG IhdG fG CG dG cCGh
dG ``NO e jCG aS ``dG dM ``eCG Y g Y
dG dG ge CG bj c dG IhdG b e
2020 dEG UdG g e EG S LEG G
.UG dGh eG OL gH cCG hCG %2 EG

cGJ Jeh YGh aGh dG SDc eGh

Gg ```j CG ```eCG ``Y `` YCGh ,`````fCG ``e ``g``Zh dG
dGh ,jObGh YLG FGdG Y GQOb hG
GhdG SGh fd Y Ua N SCGQ Y JCj
UN H SdG Gh bdG MG dG
dG J ```dG ``g ``jQ````G ``g C cCH dGh
GhdGh ``G OG``G Y J YU b dG IG
.dG MG dG

jdG Yd ce

EG j a VdG Mf e bCG dG VG eCG G

,dG ie Y S jCG SG j jCGh Ge 85
IAch IQGOEH dGh G YCGh fdG d ajh
dG j M ``a``G ``VG``MCG `` jW I``N GP
.dY UG hG

M he
YGQdG IQGRh ch dG S H M IOS cCG ,L e
ebCG dG hG Gg gCG dG Ihd dG IhdGh
EG ```Uh ``dGh VG dG GdG ``N dG Y
Ic AG`` LCG ``e A````f``H ```d``G I```dG I`` NCG ```MG``e
S eG EG JOS ``bh .``G Vc Jfe e
N JS dGh ,fh Qe EG dM J V de
BG Le I``Y``dG CG M hG Y e eOdG GdG

Se 40 e cCG aS jQdG UQCd Ge (13500)

.aVEG

ShCG dG VM cCG K
Yf e VM cCG K bdG A G VG jh
hCG VM e dCj gh jaCG Th ShCG dG
VYh QeCG 410 H dGh ,Ge 90 VYh QeCG 410 H
Me Y ```jh , G``e 14 ``` JQGh ,Q``` eCG 10 Hh G``e 85
Ea VG EG aVH He e e (1^2) J dLG
S UE c 2^8 H aVEG UQCG aH j hG
.iNCG
bh S ``e ``cCG ```UE`H ``G ``V``G j c
jhG ````Sh ,```M`````dGh ``jQ````dG dG a `` ``MGh
dG bf e dG ie Y dG ``cCG EG aVEG
Jh ,``W ``dCG 600 EG S J ```dG bdG R```dGh
VG e J c ,FY VM aVEG G G
AdGh `````dG G``` eh ``c```g ``` UE ``aG``e ````jCG `` G
c ,jG dG ILCGh aGQh SGG h
IOYE h jhdG G e d ae S
.dG dG e iNCGh jdG jhJ
Ad jGO cT ``G ``V``G IQGOEGh J Sh
bh ,G Gg dG dG GP jdG SdGh dG
H ce cT gh ,G Vd Y cT SCJ
Y S eMh jdG SdGh dG Ad jGO cT
jdG dYCG cdG SG bh ,G VG d
.VG jHG
e hCG MG Ad IG GQSG LG H bh
T jf M Y ``jQ Qe 1^3 ``G ``V``Gh AG
cG Y dG dG J CG bG ``eh ,VG ``jG``a
.Y jQ Qe 1^7 GM EG SSCG dG MGe bH

dG Ua jJ
dG FdG Ff dG MCG H N dG ``bh
e `` G ``V``G h````e EG `` G ``V````d ```Y ``c````H
J ```Sh ,``b``dG ``e```G gJ ```dG ````G ``jQ````G
jd fdG eG g Gc eSEG cdG
Ua ah ,fdG WGd Y Ua Nh,ObG
H ITe Y Ua aJ Sh SdG G dG
jdG dG I``a e CG``H dh ,ec H hG ``EG
ShQe H J dG hd G dG jCGQ bh
bG ``eh ,``jG```dG IdG dG SH f H
cCG S EG G VG SG eOdG TCG J CG
eG dG ee MGe Y hH f a
jdG EG :dG VhCG c idG dG SGh ,VG
cT e Y gh jW Ia e CGH G Vd
MCG cQd dhO e cCG EG gP G Vd oY
ej dG eH jdGh jdH G VQG
h ``jh``dG `` LCG ``e `` dPh ,``` dG i`````e ```Y h``` ` G
dG dG CG``` j CG ````G ``e `` dGh `` G ``V``G
Se Ua J VQG ``g cQG gCGh jb
UCGh ,dG dG cT ``H UGdGh hdG QL
dG e OY cCG GHEG M ge gJh dG
Hh e hd jdG Ve CG GcDe ,jQdG
. MGe Y cdG H J Ie
bh hG Gg EG Qj odG dG CG EG QTCGh
dG H CG e G IdG N fK aO J
cdG IQGOEGh fehQh jQc e GQhO EG dSQG
Gg jQJ N jdh ,odG dG jQJ Ie
VG h````e `` Mh ``` G
FdG ``F``f `` ` `VhCG `` `G
H ``` ` N ``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` ` dG
j hG EG dG MCG
QeCG 410 dW hCG VM
Gg jh Ge 90 VdGh
dG ``cCG SG ``V``G
h ,dG ie Y

o`J ``dGh ``jObG `bdG `e CG Y de OTh

eh dG ie Y kM jObG WG `cCG `H e
kjOjQ kGce CGJ S dG ee e d aj
d HPL jQSG H aSh jdG YdG
e fEa FG d kWh ,AGS M Y LCGh G
`eOdG `dG G`dG `N GQ`SG `L `J CG eDG
he j CG bjh jeCG QhO Qe (15 EG 10) `H `e
YhG ``FGhCG e jhchdG YdGh IG
LEG ``J CG ``bj ``c ``b``dG S dG jQSG
dG `e (%8`` ` %5) f jObG ``b``dG e ge
.2020 dG H dG Z Yd LEG G
aZ FQ G GY H N IOS ``cCG ,L e
e he eCG UG dG CG Y Y YUh IQ
S hG CG UN dSG MCG e GPEG IYGh jObG
dH OS M ,dG Y Gc jObG GOhO``e j
LQG IQ``` ` dG ````e```e ``Y````dG ``e ``Y``` ```Y
jQSG ``U```dG ``eh ,``M`````dGh ``Y`````dGh Q``````SGh
RHCG e gh ,dG IhdG H e j e jCG MG
jh jQSG Ua gGdG bdG aJ dG YdG
QWEG Gg h UdG J e IOSG jG Y dH
IhdG IQGRh ``e h````d``H ```Y ``Y````Uh IQ`` ``a``Z ````f
dG Ae jQSG UdG M Ihf GNDe dG
.bdH dG
jH FG QdG Y AdG AdEG EG IhdG agh
dG ```f``` eGh GQ``` dG ``VG`````SGh ````dG dG A````e
dG CG G cCG ,dG Gg h .dG dG
,G dG Ua e Gc GOY aS dG
jdG OQGH gGh OdG dG LJ j e gh
cdG Y Jj fCG G aVEH dG dG S aJh
LGH ```J C` H G ``j```J ```Y J ```dG `````SD`Gh
QOGd ``jQ```dG ``eG``H ```Vh ```M ``e ```Y````LG ```dhD```G
G eH bY GP jQe J cQGh WdG
dM dG jObG GQdG e Th .jJh
UN H bdG eh dG ah We e
G d e a J Y YUh IQ`` aZ E`a
ad ``dPh ,O`````bG ``gQhO XJh gCG jGd Gf
e ``bCG UG dG h e EG JeN
G cQG Y UG dG ZQ cDfh ,jObG
jObG IW dG J S jdG jQG
QGhOCG Ye gJh ,```YCG Y IFdH OJh
.d ObG G dG
j ``fCG EG Y YUh IQ`` aZ FQ IOS Q```TCGh
GH SGQO Y j H G jdhCG dG IOYEG
jdhCG j SGQdG SSCG Y jh ,G``ND`e KM dG
CH VdG SGQO bdG e Y FdG Y j M
GQSG LJ H G ``j``dhC Y WQN Vd
RdGh dG jQeh jhchdc JGSG jQd
f WdG edG idG GG C Gf ,dG YdGh
dd ,V S hCG MGe bdG e dG
h J dG GQSGh jQd LdG e H
.Ic eY ib EG

Q Ae
ah ``VG``ZCG Oe ``b``dG Ae AfEG Y dG Q``Lh
fGd ````e ````j ``gh ,``````dG ``` ` UG``G `` `bQCGh `` MCG
jJh J Q QhH S fCG c dG FdG
AG e hCG MG e AfG bjh ,SdG G
jJh Th jhG dhe AG CGd 2012 Y e
.2013 Y FdG
jh G``e (18) A``````d ``` NG``dG ``V``G ```Y ````jh
QOb ``gh G``e 350 VHh c 2^25 H Q`` UQ Y
S A````G E` a ``dP EG ``a```VE``H S 8 SG ```Y
jd G``MGh Gec ```H eM UQ Y
fdG GQ````dGh MGdG N WTh fdG fdG
IQGOEG dG IdG GP jfCG cT Sh .jdG
eGh ``aG``G aJ fL EG AG IQGOEGh J ,``fG``G
,iNCG ``jQGOEG eGh dG OTQEc IfG jdG
``H ce cT ``gh ``a``dG Ae cT SCJ ``bh
OGYEG MGe N AG d dG eMh jfCG
MCG EG J jM SSCG H ebE dGh edG
ddG Jh IAdG ie ad eG J fCG
hG ``e fdG MG ``e G```dG Yh Ad dG
Sh He G``e c (6^5) EG VG Me JS

ObG ed LP jObG bdG e h

Ae e IOe eNh jObG aGe e Y J
Weh d A````eh `````dG ``` U ``L ``V``Mh Q``
Sh ``Wh hO Q```eh jM ```j``eh Ldh MS
hdG h``c IQh``` G ``W`````H ``b``dG ``H``J ``j``j``M
J Sh SBG T Lh jaCG Th ShCG dGh
SH J eM g G jJh bGeh IQGOEG
eN dhdG SQG aCG ah ee Jh QGOEGh G
je bdG Jh .```YCG ``LQ h jG d
J PJ M ,dG eGSG Oeh SCG Y Fb
bdG e jJ Y FdG gG Y IOG bdG
Gdh ,bdG e G LMG e Qb cCG ad
JG dG ````dG AG`` LEG EG A````dG S ``V```dG
GgCG e Sj gJh jdG bdG H
G EG dGh dG bdG SCG Y eGG dG
AGG MG aJh jG AG```dG Afh IO``L Y
Jh ,d jdG UGG FSh QNGh dGh RG
f GSG J dch jdG jhd jG eGdG
.ddG IAdG GP IOG bdG
jh jJ he Qe LL jQe QcdG ``cCGh
dPh ,WdG ObG jJ S bdG e CG bdG
Jh ,dG Y J jObG IYb AH N e
Jh Q````dG Ac ebEG G jObG fCG
.MdGh jdGh YdG fCGh SCG Uh dG
S fCG g c CG a T fEG LL bh
,dG dG dG IaG aG dG SdG Y
,BG Y G g c dG Y OYG e dG dHh
hdG hO e jdG Y J JGSG gh
YU ``e A``` ` fEG ``j``W ``Y `` dPh ,`````f ``` dG d
e hCG Y L c IM We hCG G c
.jOdG HdG G G g c jObG

bdG Ae
MG ``j```J G```c GQhO ``G ``V``Gh A````G ````jh
LL cCGh ,QSG G eGY e gQYH fdG
Neh dGh dG H hdG MG jW S AG CG
ObGh SdG QGSG RS c ,hdG hO
Y IO`` jR S ``dG ````JG```SG ``b``G ``Y a
YdG LJ CG AG OLh Z a QdG OdG
Ie G IOLG YdG e %99 CG UN QJhh
.jdGh OGSG Y
eG `````JG```SG ``Y ```j `` G ``V``G CG ``` VCGh
SG Y JQd dPh ,dH fGG b d
dGh R``` dGh ````dG ``b```d ``e``N ``` Jh `````dG G`` fCG
,jdG dG e gZh GG Sh MdGh jQdG
jdG YdG Yf e hCG g G VG j c
.dH
G g AfEG Y JJ dG FdG RHCG j ah
b ,dG d Y Ua H j a UN IYGdG
,SdG G J gS G EG jQe QcdG
,d YLGh eCGh jObG G``gCG Y a
WdG ddG ```gC`Jh ``jQ``Jh ``F``Xh N J ```dGh
GM EG jG M OGOj CG bG e M ,FXdG d
.2025 Y H dM f 2300 e dCG 100
g IG SSCG dGh FdG jQG CG VCGh
e Qj e Lj M ,fd Ic Ua N IdG
e fCG c Yb j Y Xe 900 GM
dG N Xh 15000 EG d dG Ua IOjR bG
600h Qe G``M GQSG b H ``bh. eOdG GS
.Y jQ e

Ye ee
hDG jRdG TdG YSEG H jhQO e ``cCG bh
jJ h````e Y G``` TEG ````FQh ```d``G hD```dG ``Y
bdG `````e CG ```Y ``jDh``` d ``H```S ``j````J ``b``dG `` jh
be :dhCG ,eG e jdG a aGJ I``YGh e
dG SdG SGdG G :```f``Kh JGSG G```G
fCG ad Y H G J CG ed MJCG
e d a ee jObG e ```fCG ``Y a
YUh IM e Y IQY g EGh a IMh YU
jG YCG Y ah dG eG X MSh Sh
a G G Gd j dG ,G dGh
Ua g CG f dd ..2040 d e J EGh
.UG d Me Ic jQSG
S ``` ` ` ` S `` M `` e`` ` G EG :``` d``` e `` ` bh
G e H jdhCG CG eDJ G d LCG GQSG
UdG J UbG Y GQOb j dG dG d J
IQOG ``eR ``NC`j ``U``G ````dG i``J CG ``e```G O``Jh ```c
..bdG e QSd
g d Ic MW g CG a T fCG VCGh
dG ```YG``fCG H Yd VM I``FGQ e G
JJ dG dG YdGh G Seh Gh
jQdG fCG J Y dG j c ,YdG H

ObG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

Q `````````````````N CG

idG{ Ve TJ
dU L zedG
MdG
jDhdG -dU
e FQ ``SGh``dG MCG H fi eCG aG
edG idG IQGRh Ve QX a ``YEG
dH ````a``dG ``j````dG G``` e `` VQCG ```Y ``` G
jjG ``Y je gdG S ``H e QH
e O`` `Yh Q``` X ```a``` ``` e``` dG i``` ` d ``e``` dG
i`` NCG ```e```G ``` ` ` SD` Gh IQGR`` d`` H ``dhD` ` ` G
MdG dU Le da V ,aH
.2011 d
idG ``Y ``j``e gdG S ``H e ``bh
Gg IQGR`` ` dG ``cQ````e EG Q```X ```a``` ```e```dG
WdG G``MCG e j ``dGh ,dG LG
gQhO RG`` HE ``JC` J ``` G fl ```H Q````J ```dG
e fEG Jje QG EG JeNh
SG bdG Gg QSG e ZQh SG gCH
IQGR`` dG eJ ```dG ``e``G fl VGSG
.jdG dG Gg FGdG ad
MdG dU Le j Fb gdG cCGh
e Ic GOG``YCG J YLGh aK IgX
LGJ CG Y IQGRdG U dd Gh WGG
YJ LCG e edG SGh fLG g e
H J dG G eH jFGdGh QG
G G``g ``N ``e G ```j ```M IQGR`` `dG
EG IQGR``dG eJ dG eG jdH
Ae MaG dG VG jh jG c
QGh`` dG J ````bCG ``e dG Y ```eCG
dch ,``` G G`` g GQ``` ` G ````flh ```````dG
GAG`` LEGh WdG edG i```dG H jdG
,WdG edG idG bH Y d G
G GQSG ``c Y O``dG j c
FXdGh h ``M``` G ````jQ```dG ``U``` dGh ``jQ``` dG
geh G jQdG cG jdG dch IOLG
eJ dG dGh dH jOdG gCJ
,AGS M Y HQGh dG FHC gG g
jCGh gGh cGG H dGh dG ch
dH dG dH OLG dH jdG
Y je VCG c a dGh dG ch
jdH j VG EG QX a dG idG
f edG eG MCG j dG S efH
S ``H ``S``H``b dG ``d``G ``M```U I````M
jJ gC GjJ T AHCG Y G j G
Yh dG dG WdG edG idG QhO
dG Y jQOdG fd Y Ua aJ Y
IG IQ``` ` dGh ,`` ` YCG `` `` NO ```ZG``dG
.bfG jGH e M KCG dGh

Ih`dGh `YGQd `edG ``jjG V`e `aG

``dH ``adG `j`dG `c`` ``fGG
jbh OGe dG fCG df OGe) :e
Y TG fGG Ih``dG b .(YhQG
e I``` LCGh G``` M ``` fEG I``` LCG ``V``Y
HJ eG GhOCG H VYh dG
J .dG d P VYh .GG
e H VY ``N ``e jdG ICG`` G
dG Q``` J ``MG``e ``V``Yh ``` ` j``dG ICG`` ` G
he e ``V``Yh G``` Gh ``YGQ``dG
G ``e O``Y ``V``Y c ,``` dCG J
.SQ dG fCG fl b d
VY a FKdG aCGh YG eCG
edG ``H``` G ``````J ``` ` F``Kh `` ` aCG
J dG G dG dG Md
QGSH fGG Ih``dGh YGQdG gCG Y
Gf `` jR`` Jh ``V``Yh ``V``` G ``Y``b `` `NGO
aCG VYh QGhd fGMh YGQR jeh
.fGGh YGQdG WdG Y FKh

G G e TG UGdGh ,O```TQEGh
.adG Jjeh Ja aH
YdG OL dc VG Vjh
,jdG ICG`` `G Jh ,``` fG``` Gh ``` YGQ``dG
eG eGh GhOCG fl jh
VY fL EG G```Gh ``YGQ``dG dG
,YGQdGG dG h ```YGQ``dG G
UG dG cT H cQe ``d``ch
VH G``` Gh ``YGQ``dG dG edG
. Je
YGQdG ``Y``` ` dG `` c ``V``` G ``` ` ` j
dG ```Y ````j``dG ICG`` G Jh ```fG```Gh
T ```Y j ``YGQ``dG ````dG :``` dG
QdG `` e `````Y P`` ` h ,`` j`` H`` Zh `` ` `YGQR
Qh```dG ``e Y P``h UG
,jdG UG Qh``H :e UN GY
IQGRdG eJ dG ``Y``dG ``eG``H ``e P``h

dGh bEG iG Y jhdGh jdG eGH jJ H

jeCG IG jdH dG aG YdG Le QJ dG

e Sj aG YdG jJ
.dG e
kM M dG CG cdH jL
dPh ,LG e VG IQhdG N ka
Y Gh``aG``J ``j``dG QGh`` `dG O``Y ``N ``e
ddG Yf EG aVEH dG L
QNG Q`` WEG G``g h ,I````G ```a``G
fdG aG i``ME R``HCG IQdG
aM OD` `J ``gh ,dG ```L V
c ,dG Gd h``dG LG QT d
d ```J N ``dhO hCG dG ``f``c
,HdG LG IQhO cQd IYdG
dG fS Le CG EG IQTEG Q GQdG jJ H aG YdH
fLG ShCG e j aG Yd Jh ,dG G d GQGh
Qj M ```dG ``M IT aG G dH Vd eT jDhQ dG
M Sh Fe e cCG Jda J aG YdG Y Gh
M GkH Nh KG e gQNG j bdGh feEG L e IOSG
.dG Y dG e fdG G Y d

jDhdG -ef

QG`` G ``j``` J EG ``L``` G ``` d``` a

aG `` `KhQ`` `G ``j``` Jh ,Q`` ` ` G
UG ``G G QGhR jH ``dPh
gOLCG dG aG YdH dH
J EG ``a``` VE``H ,OG`` ` ` ` LCGh A`` ` `HBG
jQG `` Y QGh`` ` `d ```e````e ``e``` ` e
aG ``j``Y``dGh ``Y``dG ``eG``Hh
jM H dG gJ dG
U c , aG YdG
Y ``cQ``` ` G `` N ``e `````dG
QdG ``e `` WGh IOSG
dG YG GGh
J ``` dG ``` dh``dG ``` ` ` SD` Gh

edG dH dG Q````J
Le ```d```a ``` a``G ``Y``````d
G aG Yd dG fS
jeCG ef jH fS je
e TdG Mh edG ``e I```dG ``N
GTEGh hdH dPh ,QG dj T
.TGH ad SHb dG ce e
da ````V `````dG ``cQ````e `` JC` Jh
eGH jd eGdG OG QWEG LG
Y aG Yd ``jh``dGh jdG
dG J c ,hdGh bEG iG
GAdH jdG EG cQe ``N e
J ``N ``e ``dPh ,fdG ```a``G
fl aG ``e Od M ``Vh``Y
G ``Z`````c ``` a``G ``Y``` ` ` dG
dGh ``j``` ` dGh ```````dGh ``````dG
YdG EG ``a```VE``H ````dGh dG
dG L QGnhR WEG fL EG ,jQdG
aG YdG ``e IO````e P`` Y
jDhd QGh``` d ```U```dG S ```c ,IQ``` G
IG fdG SG e Ye eGH
.fdG jQdG bdG EG aVEH
cQoe `` N ``e `````dG `````Jh

Y TQh J zJG J{
d fhdEG eG M

jDhdG -e
`` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `` ` ` ` ` ` `g `` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `` ` ` ` ` ` `f
cQe V JG J
2011 MdG dU Le
OYG) GY Y ```TQh
dG Y JG ILCG
`` ` ` ` dPh ,(`` ` `` ` ` fh`` ` `` ` ` dEG
Y YUh IQ aZ a
.dH
dG `` ` ` TQ`` dG `` dh`` ` `J `` ` bh
LOdG Ofi SG eb
OYG IFGO YCG H G
,dH ILCG OYGh YdG
YdG ``` Y ``` aG``G GAG`` ` ` LEG
dG `` ` `fh`` ` `dEG `` ` e`` ` Gh
,G G`` `g ``` ` ` dG ``` e``` J
fGdH `` j`` ` ` dG `` `d`` `ch
aGG J dG jdGh
j dG GAGLEGh YdG Y
dH dG ch YJG
.fhdEG eG jW Y
LOdG Ofi SG cPh
j ````dG C` `H ``` TQ``dG ``N
ed GAGLEG J Y
M ,````JG I```LCG
,eG S Y j CG e
H j f CG Y aVEH
f FSQ SQEH eG REG
jW Y dSQh eG Md
.hdEG jdG
REG fCH LOdG QTCGh
e dG Gg N e ee 21
eG cdG dG gCG
jh `` ` `` `JG ``` ` ` fCG
dH `` ` `` `dGh ,``` ` ` ` ` ` J
I`` ` LC ``` Y``` dG ``` Y `` ` `aG`` G
Y G dch ,JG
JG ILCG OGSG jJ
.dG QN e

jDhdG -dU
G ge H fi dG e aG
jjG Ve Q```X ``a``fih ``dh``dG ``jRh
QX YH fGG Ih``dGh YGQd edG
dU ``L```e adG jdG ``c``
```H `` dPh ,2011 ``` dG G```d ``M`````dG
VG N e HdG GdG JcQe
eH jdH j dG dG YGQdG
dhG OGh dH fGGh YGQdG
fGGh YGQdG YdG jJh J
.dG f jQeh jdG ICGG Jh
jQG gCH jdG EG VG jh
UN `````H Q``` X ```a``` k` ` d``M I``` ` G
jdGh ,``Y H dG ie ```Yh
IhdGh YGQd edG jjG eGHh fCH
YdG EG aVEG ,QX a fGG

ObG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

He

{ Ihf Y GOQ Y bQh

jQGOEG HbdG QhO J :JdG GY

O``dG a MdG SJ j
UN -jDhdG
eCG RG eGh fdG QG SQG ,jQGOEGh dG HbdG Ihf eCG jDhdG Jf e Y a OQ
YVG UG f Lh Wh ,IhdG Qh e OY a VSG Y bQh JdG GY dG G
.IhdG N cQG dhJ dG

WGG H bdG WJh dhd dG OQG``G

,HG dG eH j a eGh
jCG OD`jh ,WGG dhdG Y LGh
iQdG hCG Y bGe J EG
`` `jQGOEGh ```d``G ``H``b``dG R```L AGOC ````dG hCG
.jOMh dSG Vh

SQCG dG bQdH OQh J j ah

:JdG

adG CGe

jQGOEGh dG HbdG fb he
h Gh IhdG e NCG QG Yh
G Y j ,`` `jQGOEGh dG ``H``b``dG ``f``b
jG fdG j CG EG ```bQh JdG
j CG ````gCG e ```L``G ``e ``j```dG ```Y
VdGh gGdGh adG V RG g
SdH dGh bGG jJh ,dG AGOCG
Jh ,``dh``` d ``jO````` bGh `` ` jQGOEGh ```d``G
UNGh GA````dG ihP ``e Ffh FdG
j h dG Mh gGdH d OGh
d gdG IdG jh eY 40 Y Y
,Y J Y Oj CGh dhDG
Y QG`` bE` `H ``` ` dEG ````j ``` dG ``` G ``j``h
J ```dGh dG G ```fh ```d``G ```eP
Rj h jS Jh eRdG GAGLEG
CGh ,AbG Y e PE` H EG Y ``WEG
SCG Y fdH ``cP e fH jCG j
eh Q`` Gh ``NG``d``H jf G`` eCGh G`````dGh
Hbd VG G SJh ,jO e Y
dH G dh G S Yh ,R```G
iNCG dGh iQdG :MGU
AYOEGh FdG dG ,jQGOEG Jg dP
gJ dG cdG ,Xeh gDhYCGh dG
Y %51 H dh ,f C`H eG a
J ``` dG ``` Gh ``f``` d``H OQh ```c `` `bCG
NQ dG cdGh SDGh e IYe
G dG hCG Y ae IQGOEG hCG SH d
.M eh
S Yh ,RG UNG SJ IQhVh
SdG J EG aVEG ,G dh G
adG j dGh HbdH UG
eG `` ` `YCG ``` Y``` V``Gh ``` bG``` ` Gh
.M eh ,edG dGh SDGh
Z ``e ```J ``` dG ```d```G ````Vh ````ch
AGOCG ``e````H ``S````G J ``` dGh ```X``G
.edG eGCG XdG LGh
dG ``jQGOEG hCG dG dG Y dGh
LGdG ```J```T```e A`` ` KCG ``` X``G ``e ``` J
.edG eG hCG XdG
Y ``` WG``G ej ```dG ih`````dG ```Hh
,XdG LGdG AGOCG gEG hCG dG
e G `` YEG ``F```Sh `````J ``e ``` SGQOh
gEG MGf hJ U h hT
.SG hCG IQGOEG AS hCG
GQdGh ```VGQCG H ee bdGh
LGeh bGeh .gLCJh ```JQGOEGh eG
a edG XG hDH UG GQGdG
bdGh Q`` LCGh ```J``Gh dH j
``eh i`` NCG ``H CGh ,GR`` ` LEGh Gh``` dGh
fEGh fGd He e dGh M
YdGh dGh G LGeh .edG fRGGh
dBGh Hbd VG ILCG EGh e eG
OHEG hCG Xh YCG Y XG bhh .aU
dG ``SCGQ Y O``Lh CG J GPEG{ bDe Y
UNG H ``dPh ,dG AG``LE`H j
dG Y hCG jS jQJ aQh .G
CH ``` U``N ``jQ``` Jh ``` Y ``` ` h AGQGR`` ` `dG
dG YS LJ dGh gCG GP FG
Y `` jQGOEGh dG dG e Jh .a
hCG bJEG hCG OdG e IQH RG IaGe
dG jCGh AYSG W J Y eG
AS kjCGh ,dG aG IQGOEG hCG QGOEG dG
d jCGh XdG AGOCG ```gEG hCG AGOCG
.RG Y IQOdG GQGdG hCG dG
GAGLEG e j e G G J CGh
M ``Lh hO ```a```U ```dG ``d```G OGO``` S
J dG hCG G dG OH dG G``dEGh
G e CG hCG ,dhdG jN Y YV
.RG Hbd VG iNCG
HbdG R VG ```G L Yh
d jC acG Qa ZHEG jQGOEGh dG
IQN JJ fCT e bGh hCG de hCG ``jQGOEG
hCG ```b```M ``e ``M ````V hCG ,``e`````d ```d``e
dG hCG d dG hCG HdG dUCG Vj
G J J CG j `` `` NEG hOh
FQ Vj j CG h .iNCG GAGLEG e
.FdG dG U RG
CGh ,ffdG dG RG FQ ODj CGh
FQ eCG ffdG dG RG Xe ODj
.dG YGh RG

eG -``c``` T -``Y`````dG ``YGQ``dG ````f

jdG M bJ `` FGhOh jdG -``e```dG
b Y Hbdc dG M hCG aGh
YLG eG - SSCG dG -ObG
-(Y ,eCG ,e) G b -adGh
Z `````Gh `````SD`G -``` a``h `` jh
c CG .bGh WGG ihT ,eG
````j GP hCG G``g R``` G J ``f
GgCG j dG dG CG M dG
dG ``gh ,```M````dGh UNGh ``` Gh
J H ```eE`H `````SGQOh j
.JGSGh dG

G e LG jdG
ie h```J ``dG ``HG``dG Q```G j ah
AadG Y dG JfeEH HbdG RL IQb
RL CG ```bQh ``J```dG i``j e H
cG jJh ``YO EG LH ``G ``H``b``dG
M gGdG VdGh G eh J
dG HbdG fb Y edG e Y e
.dhd
FXh ``e ````Xhh ``ah Y ``H``b``dG EGh
EG `` ` `jQGOEG ``H``b``dG ``` Jh `````F``dG IQGOEG
h jQGOEG IOdG LJh ,dG ddG jM
AGOCG ``e dGh A``` NCG `````eh J hCG
HbdG Jh ,GgCG LQO Sbh
Heh jQGOEG dG Y dG EG jQGOEG
M ``e `` YEG ``F```Shh dG J ``e
ihT Hh IQGOEG ASh SGh gEG
ShCG d TG Y dGh ,WGG
dG ``F``X``dG d ````T``Gh ```T````dG hCG
S d j CG jh CG``dG AG``HEGh dhdH
Wh ,kjOCJ XG beh FdG dG
dG G jMh OdG QU ae dG CG
ie bGeh dG XG Gf dGh
fGdG H Hbd VG G GdG
hCG `` jQGOEG hCG ```JG``dG ``H``b``dG AG```S ``FG```dGh
jd EG ``b e je J ``bh dG
Y bQ

p G o ```SQ n ``b r a SCG R``H jM h

o U
n j m``r `Yn ``en n `bn o h``J :n```Sh p Y G
r HQCG Y
r n Coj M p edG
o aCG a p p o Yo Y
o NCG `n `jr CG `r ` pe p de `r `Yh o ``Hr CG a p L `r `Yh
r o n n fr CG ah
.zpH n p Yn GPe p p pY Yh
,dG Hbd jOQ jQGOEG HbdG CG Mh
YOh dG G jM EG J dG HbdG Ea
N e dPh ,ObG jJh edG dAG
Hbd VG G HM bJh HbQ
aeh AGOCG ```Jh ```d```G ``Y dGh
,IAdG Y ,IASEG ,jdG ,MG ,OdG
Od ``G dGh ``` fEG IA````H dGh
EG - jdG eGdG hCG HG bJh ,edG
dG eG eS e cCd dPh - Lh
Heh dG FGdGh ``fRG``Gh `` jQGOEG h
SdGh G`` ` gCG `` ah ``` ` fCGh ``fG````d
j ```ah G CG`` dG AG`` HEh d ``e```S``G
IQOdG ``j```Gh ```dh``dGh eG bdG
dG Hbd dG ILCd dhdG G Y
ILCd HdG Gh (SfCG) SGh
.(SHQCG) SGh dG Hbd dG
HbdGh AGOCG EG :``J```dG `````jh
Y aG EG ODj eG fEG Y dG

dhdG I```T``dG ge ac aeh ,``dh``dG

fG `````SD`Gh ```dh``dG jdG `````SD`eh
OdG ``e ```dG G``g Jh U ``dPh
ObGh dG e edG Jh dBH JG
WdG `` ` `dG `` X`` G ``` ` eh `` `G ``` ` dG
WdG ```F`````dG `` j`` dG ``` ` eh h`` ` dGh
jd h`` `dG h``` ` dG IQh`` ` `Vh (``` ` bEG )
UNG R```J `````eh jdG ``` MCG
FdG ``j``dGh h``dG ``H ```W``dG ``F```G
e eG J f J gCGh
IOjRh QGOEG RG jh jQGOEG SdG
dhO IOSh YLG YdGh XG JGhQ
jdG dG Jh SDGh fdG
) HGdG dG QhOh ,FdGh jdGh
ISCG N e dG HdG fh (YEG
NCGh dG dG QRh ,dG ``g```Gh
SQ fCTh cJh ,adG jM YOh
eG f JdhDeh eeh Wf
OdG `` Y `````J ``` dG ``` ` ` ` ` dG AG`` ` ` LEGh
QT EG OD` `j O`````dG Q`````fG C ,`````J``eh
MG EG ```d``Hh ````dGh ````d``H ``WG``G
dGh ``` gG``` dGh ``` G ``e``` Jh ,``Y``` ` LG
jQG QMG Y OdG jh ,dGh
Z HQGh bGh jQdG ``c``dGh
,Ie ``Y``` ``j ``G ```S ``Yh````G
AdG hCG HGdG SSCG Y UH dGh
SJ Ljh .UdG DaJh IAdG dh
dhd `` jQGOEGh dG HbdG RL QhOh e
cdGh ac dhdG SDe bGe d
f ``j`` hO ) ``e```G a gJ ```dG
e ``` ` ` J `` ` dG `` ` `G ``` ` ` Jh (``` g``` ` G
.dG hCG eG e GYeh

dG Yhe He
bf dG Ihd dG QH j ah
OdG H dG IOYEH RG b feEG
b VG I```dG ``N ``L dM QGO ```dG
HbdG R```L ```Y Lj :``` bQh ``J```dG
G fdG e 6 d ah ``jQGOEGh dG
AGOCG Jh dG N Yhe J He
IQG ddH jObGh ``jQGOEG GMdG
LdG ```Yh O``` G ```e``dG bd W ```d
dGh Jh FdG Jh G G
jObG jH eGSG j OQG``G CG e
,dhdG GQSG LGe kjCGh dY IAHh
SG H dG bGH RG jh
J ```H```eh AGOCG ```Y ``H``b``dGh ``f``` dGh
CT IQO````dG GQG``` dG Y ``H``b``dGh ```G
CdG Gg MdG jdh ,dG dG
,UN fH bG j e
dG ``fG``b CG ```M ```e `````f `` dPh
Y HbdH J HbdH G ``jhGh``dGh
j G``d JbJGh gOYh ``dh``dG GA```Y
eh MUh G``gCG jJh SJ
.jQGOEGh dG HbdG

Oa c Y
Y HEG G
GRhdG
RL Y j
He dG HbdG
YhG J
jdG
GC GdG
e adG
a SSCG
OdG

cQeh ,OdG FGL Y ``HEG Y OG``aCG

OdG HQ YEG FShh cCH G
IOd ```ah Gh AG`` Gh OdG jMh
e OdG a IG CG bJG e 32,33
Mh jOdGh jGh G jM IYGe
jQP J d dOdG cGh fEG
IG CG bJH dh ````G J
dGh hdG e bJGh OdG a
Jh ,``HhQhCG FG fdG bJGh
dG MCGh ,h``dG FdG hdG bJG
XG S YGd dhdG fhG J
IG CG YEGh (95/51 QGdG ) edG
jQdG ``e```G I```T``dGh OdG a
jQGOEGh dG HbdG RL J HGdG P`` ` `JGh (191/51 QG`` ` `dG ) ``` dh``dG
,hdGh NGdG dG Y HdGh FbdG
QG EG ```bQh ``J```dG G Y ```Jh
Y ``j```J H `````Gh Ih``` dG ``d```dG eG fLCG AdG ITQ ae Igeh
LdG Y e d FXh jh RG dGh O`````bG h````dG e 1997 ``Y
d J g CG :k Fb..cCG ) ``` ` dG ````N ```H `````M `````J ``` ` gCGh
Jh `` `jQGOEGh ```d``G ``H``b``dG R``` dG SDG hCG ``c````dG eJ ```dG (ih``` T``dG
G S a ``Y````dG hCG `````fCG M QN A````H R`` a ``e GPEG ```j````dG A``Y``dG ``e

LG AG`` `dG ``g```e `` N ``e ``` Vh ```H

,ObG dG Y ``eCG .dG IdGh
OdG d Hc aeGHG QH QTCG a
( 2004 ``j``e ,``` J``e``` HO ``f``e``d ) ``` H``G
OdG FGY EG hdG dG GjJ H
,edG h`` dG UN ```F````dG I`````dG
GQh`` dG GQ````G ```e ``b``dG Rh````j ```d``Mh
jQeh GQ``````SG G`` eCG J S
YLG dG Y eCGh .Yhe jObG
Jh SdG dG LGJ EG dP ODa
W Y Rh``Hh dG f Jh ``gQhO
e YLGh jObG cM OJ V
dhdG ```ch G M Y M ``Z
SdG QGSGh G eC GjJ Jh
a dG G eCG ,YLG eSh
QfG OdG ae SS VGJh ed
FN `` h QGOEG ``````dG ``` WG``bh``H
dG FGPQ e OGaCG gPCG WGbhdG
XG ``e ``d``fh dGh ASGh dGh
H Q````T ``` ` UCGh ``e``G ``M```U `` WG`` Gh
WGG H QTh IH LGQ XG
,JG LQ S aK SGh Te
IOL Y d UG dH M Jh
QdG Ggh ,eGcEG hCG dG H eG
dhDeh J XdG CH Yj dG
e OD`J C`H ee dhdG CGh jJ dh
dG Y Od JeN edG aGe N
LGh He de eR I```Hh ``LG``dGh
.SQh FGV e Oj eh OdG

dhO JGSG
O`` Lh ``` ` ` J O``` ` ` dG ``` a``` e EG :`` H`` Jh
hdG IY dhOh bEGh JGSG
cdG ```bG``eh QGOEG g A```H IO`` YEG
dGh ,UG SDGh G IOe
GP ``F``` G ``j``` ` ` dG ``j``` ` Jh ``jO``` ` ` bG
jdG aeh dG YdG fh bdG
WGbhdG `````J ``` dGh ,O``` ` ` dG ``` Y
Yh ``fG```dG Q````Jh QGOEG dG A```Sh
HGdG P```JG Ljh . UNG j
Jh IQGOEG Jh dG QJ eRdG
dG cdG Y (cdG cM ) cdG
dG hCG ed cG hCG eG a gJ
Y ``a``e IQGOEG hCG `````SG ``e```G e
e bdG Y aEGh dG YGb Jh
XG Y O```b ``V``ah ,``b``Y GP G`` WCG
H ``U``G dH bdG Y edG
fCG J J eY gYJ hCG dSG
gJ dG FXdH ITe U d dG hCG
AKCG Y GaTCG hCG edG XG dhCG
Qch ``dhD```G ```Y ````jh ,``e```dG eN
J H e UN cT id dG XG
Gfc dG XdG dH dG GP cdG
IO ````eR I`` a ````e ```H `` dPh ,`` fhOD` `j
jh ,```H````dG `````X``d ``X``G `` J ``e
feCG IASEH j a dG AG``G fb
a hJ CG j M ``S```NGh I```T``dGh
L Y TdG QdG eL H HdG
HdG ihj CGh ,G IQNh OdG
H j e e ``jQ H j e
Wf FGY e feMh jdG e je
Jh FGdGh GeCG J IQOeh eGLEG

SfG h```J ``dG Ihd hCG Q```G

aVEGh ```d``G ``H``b``dG R```L MU SJ
GRhdG HQ QhO Y ,d jQGOEG HbdG
j ,``jQGOEGh dG dG ch OdGh
fGdGh jdG dSQ OLh EG :JdG
dG ``H``b``dG R```L ```eh ```M```U ````S``Jh
gG YdGh adG Z X dhd
VG j S ,SdG IOGQEGh YdGh
GgCG EGh ,Wdc WdG L S
JGP M dG HbdG RL MUh eh
d jQGOEG HbdG aVEGh ,f IOYEG EG LH
YVG hdG aJ ``e dG j
jd hO g G M OdG a adGh
Jh dG Hbd ILCG hCG g hCG jhGhO
ffdGh `` `jQGOEG ``H``b```d V JMU
.ihL hO d G e gZh
ch OdGh GRhdG HQ EG Hjh
dG ``Yh Y `` HEGh ``FG``Gh ```d```G
QhO CGh ,``` ` G ```dhD```e ``g ````G ```Y
Jh IOdG SSCGh gL HbdG RL
2000/55 bQ dhd dG HbdG fb jJh
d GMh dG QG I``NCG ``fhCG
h ,``` dG ``G ``j```M ``f``b EG ``dP ```eG
fdG eSH jQOdG dG QJ
.83/17 ,82/39 bQ
,adG CG``` e J EG :``J```dG O`` jh
H G fdGh eG aH dPh
eG M Yh d Jh G
G ``e``` ` G ``j``` S ``` Y ``` G ````H
d W e ANEG Y Yj dhdG d
M `` jDhQ ```J ```j G``d ,````dG G``g ``
AGOCG eS Y HbdG RL Fd VGhh
fCGh FGdGh fGdH GdG ieh G
hCG G AGS SG GQGdG PJG d
JGSGh dGh jdG GQGdG
dAH adG JQ dG HbdG jd
G dG d ah ,FGh jQGOEG
HbdG YVG CGe J CGh ,Y G hCG
GfGh hG ``Y dG gJ dG
dPh ,edG XdG SGh QGOEGh ``G
.edG GeCGh dG ddG j

OdG ae
hCG Q```G Y J ``J```dG jh
G Y S QcdG IV cf g
PSGh ````fEG ``` edG G Y )
e jQH G H FGG fdG
IQhV Y cCG M OdG ae Y (HdG
G aK J CGh OdG IgX J
gGdGh adG Y eh OdG HQ g
Yh ``` g ``` j CGh ,``dA``` ` Gh ``` Y``` V``Gh
he Z AGYGh L OdG CH gL
CGh ,edG d G hCG dG ``G Y
dGh P````dG `````SGh XdH Q`` G
j ``H ``` dG ````dG j ```U```Gh
e UG dG H j UG dG
jObG dG Nh jQe M QhO
J O`````dG ``b```j ```M ``dh```d ```Y````LGh
G SDe EG jh jdG jQG
jh Gh HdGh GO`` Gh ```gCG
bEG Gh SDG EG jdG YQPCH
.dhdGh
IG CG ```b```JG A`` L G`` d O``````jh
OdG YCG EG IYdH OdG a
c f GQ``` dGh h```d HY UCG ``dG
CG ,G`` ` ` eCG `````Zh `` G O``` ` ` bGh ````` dG
ffdG ```G ac J OdG IQN
fdG G a .YLEGh jObGh
J ``b ````G CG OdG IQ```N J
OLh EG
e (O``a ) W c Y G
T Y J b M bdGh dG FGL
MG ```gEG hCG YJ EG OD` j e
Y ``` T``` dG ``` T``` G ```````dG iPCG ``` ` d
HbdG RL Y A```dG bj ``h .````G
FGL g OdG FGL e CG ,jQGOEGh dG
dG j edG Qhe eh ,Y dG j
eY Xe G c e UN fch Y
Ge SG SdGh Gh bdG Qj
M ```f``f``b GR``` ` eGh a `````S ``e
EG :``F``b JdG h .````G ```JQE ``d
FGH G bdGh G bdG H dG
jh ej OGOj OSCG bdH j OdG

ObG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

Q ``````````````````N CG

J zdGh HdG{
hdH jQJ fH
``Y z``T{ ``e

z``adG{ ``H ``fdG ``dhG ``L ``e ``H

QH e SGh IdG SDG SDG jJ dBG H

edG Gf -e
```` ``````dGh ```H``dG IQGRh ````f
efH ``j````dGh ``` SGQ``` d ````dG ````G
d ``j````EG ````dG e ```jQ``J
e O``Y Y O`` Gh ```T```dG dG
cQ ````````dG ``W``` Gh ``` a``` G
kdW S ``bG``H ```d``Wh ``d``W FKK
GQe jJ H e c e dWh
JCjh ,````j```Jh ```j``d ``j``` ` EG ````dG
-d T cT b e jH efdG
.jQd OG e jh Y
hC ````j `` `dGh - ``e``f``dG ``````jh
,HSCG ```HQCG I``h dj T G``W - I``e
YLG `````dG ```SCG ``W jh
NGdG ``W```e Oh``` G ``N``dG hPh
bdGh ```L WdGh T WdGh
efdG jf h ,L bdGh T
efdG ``EG IOT cQG e S
.G e
e ``M```U ```jQ```dG ``e``f``dG `` Mh
QSG IQ```````e ````````dG `````S ```H
:Fb Y d T cH YLG
eG oY d T cT e ``f``EG
dG MU I edG LdG
dG ``jQ``` ` e `` `HQ ``` Y ``` `` ` `dG
CH IG dL IYd kGcCJh ,H
JCG SSCG dG g g WGG j
dG jJ efH d ``g JQOe
OGh TdG dG d jG
hPh ``Y``` ` LG ``` ` ` dG ``` a `` e ``` ` Y
fl We N d OhG NdG
OGG MCG jEG dG d ,dG
jdh G JGQN jd G
SGQO ``Y``` e ``` Y ``` ` G ````U``a
d FfEG H dGh ```e``G
.dG

edG jjG c YdGh IQdG IQGRH OTQEGh

Ve ,IQGRdH SGh IdG SDG d
jQG `` g `` YO ``j``j``G ``H ``` J `` dG Qh`` `dG
FGh QdG jG YCG EG gGh
eGh GQ``````SG ``N ``e jQe `` EGh
b c jQdG jQe e gJ dG
N Y f J cH G cdG je
Y ```f J ``c```T ````c `````S```dG ```S ``H
cc CGH Ic cT CG c Qd Ve
dG dG idG cdG e BG gh IU
Wf UGe EG QG ```YGO I```c h``a d
dhG `````L G`` `N `` e IO``` ` ` SGh Q``` ` dG
.fdG
,adH JG dG Td dG a dP H
CG QU cT eb c ,OdGh dG dGh
.JeN Y VY d SdG YGdG

GP LCGh HdG SDGh Gh G

YdG G G J c G GgCH dG
jH A``` ` YCGh ````dG J ```dG G`` `MEG ``e
gG EG OJ Ye cSh e
.jdG dGh WdG ObGh G
EG ``` ` ` fG ``` Y Q``` ` G Q``` ` ` ` dG `` M ``` c
G eJ dG FGdG e IOSd G
edGh dGh jQSG ``e``G Gh
jQJ IYGh dG Yd Jh ,G
hG ``` b ````h `````X``Jh ```e```dG i``` dG
SDGh dG e dGh dhG U MJh
IdG cdGh OG AYCG IYeh G
hG AGOCH AJQGh dYEG dGh VdG Y
YOh ,IG dG e AGOCG Gg j c dG
.YGdG M IYGh dG eN
LdG ``j``e ```TG``dG Y ``H S ``b gH

.dG afi fl eOdG

dG SG d dG FdG Ff bh
Y ``V``Yh ,G c QdG OhGO ``H Qe
G AfEG EG Jh ,dG dG YU
hT h J LCG e db M CfCG dGh
SS J ``N ``e h``` G ```b ```SQ``h
QSG Jh dGh G fGG eG
hG YE IFdG YhG G``eCG ``ShDhQ
dG dG H G cGdG CGe e e
EG dH G GgCG EG Ge ,UG dGh
J Y dG G J fdG dhG L
j ```f ```Y dG h``` G ````e ``dhG``e
fGdH GdG gjh d IOSG Ua
cdGh OG AYCG IYeh H G dGh
J c dYEG dGh ,VdG Y IdG
eG FGhdG Hh H hdG UGhCG KJ Y

jDhdG -QU
YUh IQ aH fdG dhG L Y
IdG SDd e ``` eCG Q````U ``a ```Y
WdG e e dhG e OY QH SGh
FfEGh ,``jQ````dG YdH G ``e O``Yh
.H fEGh QcdG G e hGh
dG ````F``dG `````dG ``d``W ``H ```S `` bh
IdG SDG jJ EG fdG dhG
fCG dG G`` gCGh FcdG ``MC`c ``JC`j SGh
G Gg CG c ,fdG dhG L LCG e
SDG IYe fCT e dG dBG H EG j
IU cT Nh dG Y SGh ,IdG
MJ dG jQG cQG Y IOb Seh
dG G e d IQcH j ``gh ,eG
IdG N H dG fdG dhG L J

z2012 ```Y{ ``jJ ``V z``YCd OQ``cCG{ ``e QG``M `a

``jdG G``dG :z``G ``S{`d `dG `FdG

LCG GQSG L GRQH GQhO J cG Gfih
GeCG ShDhQ IOjR `a S eSEG QG
``cQ``` ` G ``` ` dG `` e `````W d :`` `` ` VCGh
hP ``e AdG ``HEG jW ``Y ``dPh ,````cEG
```J``c```T GQOEG ``FG``a ``Y ,````F```dG ``c````dG
z.cEG
dG e jdG LGJ ``eh ``fCG ``H``G HJh
adG e JLMG J CG bj dG dG
j cdG IQGOEG CG EG ,fdG FdG cdG
UG cdG e c H J FQ GQfi J CG
.eG SDGh
Vd dG JG ```dG I```G CG ``` VhCGh
,jQdGh dG OLh e SQG aC SCG
dG M :`` bh .ke Ff M ``b
.cdG cM REG e kdY ie
GNDe CfCG ``dG cdG IQGOEG ce CG :```VCGh
jGeh FGa M jdG jjG Jh jQd
Gg EG Ud d S b ,dAGh adG
z.G iG
e cC jJ ,2012 Y jJ JCj Sh
ja b e bGdG ``VQCG Y dG e TCG S
M ,``` YC` d OQ`````cG ``Y``` ``e `````G ``e
k dO YG jJ S
jd kJ
e ``j```dG ``M ``e````e ``e j `` ,``f``LCG
SSCG `````dGh O``` ` ` bG ``Y````c ,``Y``` ` dG
YdG GQdGh G dGh SdG Gh
Yh Ye f jdG aJ Sh ,iNCG
.jCG fhdG dG

YdG aH G jQSG UdG Vj jdG

jDhdG -e

IM e jM jdG j CG QG e c
-G S ``H ``S``H``b dG ``d``G ``M```U
a dG dG MU ``d``ch -``YQh G M
hDd AGQRdG FQ Ff S BG Ofi H
.AGQRdG
k ec
k a jdG VSh
GSCG Vh bj
FQ e He Y S dGh ,dG G
.dG GQhCd e d edG dG IQGOEG
jOb T f ```Lh Vj CG Q```G ``eh
FQ e ,dG jObG dG M dhO
fd dG jGh ,d M IQaS AGQRh
dG jGh FdG OM jOh ,acH jjG
.WdG jeCG HdG jQdG ad

cG jJ
CT e aQ ``G S g CG ``H``G ```VhCGh
eGdG gOL N e dG dG SDG
GQOEH gd FdG cdG e jG J
e ,``aG``G OD` `J CG ``` eCG ``Y `` YCGh .``````SCG
cd dG hCG cG dG f N
dG dG IOjR EG ,%25 EG %40 e FdG
.kjCG
FdG cdG J Zf f ``b
e S dG hCG cG cQd
.dH dG W cG EGh ,dG GQhC` d

Y EG ``g``Gh HG e c `` ``bh
dG ``Y``` V``e `` MCG ````b``` ``` YC` d OQ``` ` ` cG
G YG dO -2012 Y jJ IQG
,dG QSG Uah ObG dG M
k dO jdG S M
jd kJ
e HG e SGh Y fL EG ,``f``LCG
.QdGh jObGh SdG AYdG RHCG

.a JGQSG
dG jG gG dU H MCG b ,L e
OGSG Y fc dG EG dG GQhCd e d
CH kG``L Fe fEG ```VCGh .dG e jd
IjG HcG MG S h ,G SCGQ GSCG
gh VCGh jdG G LGQOEG bj dG
.M ObG Tf fCG f f

dG FdG HG S H j IOS cCG

GSCG Sd OGYEG fCG G d edG d
JM dG SG IJh e dG G SCGQ
eG b FdG FdG GdG Le
.dG
-YCd OQ``` ` ` cCG ``Y``` ``e Qm G`` `M `` bh
dGh ``` HCG `` I``FG``dG ```dh``dG YG
jdG G``` ` ` dG C` ` H ``` j `` `fCG -GQ``` ` ` ` SGh
GQOE FdG cdG J EG eGdG aGGh
EG jG L kGc GQhO J S ,SCG
.dG
GQhCd e S dG IO``jR bG ``eh
HcG e OY OLh e ,G TCG N dG
eSEG QG dP ,LGQOEG QG IjG
.QG dG jH dG EG dNO eG
S ```e```SEG dG CG Y ``H``G O```Th
jdG b gj CG bG e M ,kGjL kGQhO
jJ H JGQSG b QJ dGh eSEG
.dG G SCGQ GSCG SJ QhO
%7-6 ```f ```H kG`` fT d :``H``G ``bh
,VG ``` dG ``` e ``` d``G GQhC` ` ` d `````e ``` S
dG SG e S CG Y ``j ``dG ``eCG
d :``` VCGh .dG ```d``G `` eRCG ``e kjQJ
dhGj g gh ,dG EG IOdG hG CG``H

QG``dG ``e ``fCG IO```SG ``efd ``Lf GQ``NG ``j Q``U `H

Y I``f```G d ````dG ``U``M ```Y ```cC`J
CG hM M Y LH ObGh FHR
.dG J EG ODj b QW
OhGO ``H S ``H ``g`` ``b ,```f``L ``e
IFGO ````FQh ```dG ``j``G Ye ``LO``dG
J :Q``` ` U ````H ``e``` ` G `````J
g eh ,ke d OG bdG QNG
GQdGh OG`````SG i``e ```J GQ``` ` NG
J ``` ` d ``` ` S``` SCG ``````d `` jO`` ` ` SEG
jQGSG ``` Y `` cD` Jh ,``` ` d``H ``e``` ` G
hH FHd SSCG aG ``e``G
.QW hM dM fG
QdG ``g ```e CG ``LO``dG ``` VCGh
G ``` ` VGh GQ`` `` ` TEG ````J ``jQ``` ` NG
HSd ``fOG``` ` ` SG i`` ` eh ``` ` jR```
fCG IOSGh FQdG G jdG JdG ``fO``YCG a ```dG G``g dh QGdG LG gOGYEGh jh fCH jJh J h H YCG IQGOEG Y Z
N d VJ GPEG SG aG d aG YCG jQGSG EG jODG M `````d ```a````G ``` ` fCG IO``` ` ` SGh Ea ,``d``dh .`` Y ``L``H ``` W``dG O``` ` ` bG
.GMCG J e Ggh Y aK e Ac O N e .QU H gG e idG jdhCH AJQd GQYGh N aJ Y cdG

fCG IO`````SG ``bh ,````d``H `````F``dG

KQdG ``N ````dG ````S```SCG aG
LJ IOYEH dPh ,dH JG IOSGh
hdGh FdG G H dG GQe
.QGdG ``e IO`````SEG b HQh 21`` dG
,FdG dG GQGOEG L YSGh
dG AfCG L 21 `dG hdG dP
aG fCG GSGh EG UdG e
H QGdG e IOSG be SSCG
.Lf
Qc jdG Y H fi QcdG bh
CG T :QU d dG FdG
UGe H eG J fCG aJ
d M IQhV UCG ,fG hOh
eG J fCa .aG dG
YCG R``EG gCG Y ``j ``c ``cD`J
IAc Hh Gh bdG aj S SCH
kSSCG kGQfi UCG a ddh ,QGbGh

jDhdG -e
kGQNG dG Gg e QU H iLCG
IOSG ``e``f``H ``` Nh GAG`` ` `LE k````e
e ````S```SCG ```a````G ``` ` fCG OGO``` SGh
dG ,``e``` ` G `````J I`` FG`` H QG`` ` ` dG
aG fCG IQb cCJ g e SSCG
OGOSGh IOSG Y QU d SSCG
dG QGdG e IOSEG be FXh
ha L e JH dPh ,QNG T
Icfi ``N IO````G dG Je ``bG``eh
.KQdG bh Y
eG J I``FGO QNG f ``bh
e XG cQeh ``e dH dH
d kYa 21h FdG dG GQGOEG fl
.dG We fl e
V ``` ` ` Y I`` c`` fi Q`` ` `` `NG ``` ` Lh
fdG ce SSCG aG fCG

cT

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

``YdG ``Wd ``edG ``SDG `J

dH fdG G Ve cT 60 e cCG

ShCG dG e e 50
MdG SGG e j

UN -jDhdG

K Ua j MdG dU jN Le j
dG YCG dhGe Y TdG Gh dG d
bdG ``gh ,Y jJh H j OG`` LCG ``c
fdG dG e J j fY e J JGP
jdG ``L``` G QGhR `` W ```e `` eCG `` gh ,````d``G
:ThQdG jh .dG hO fl e dEG haGj
e VG be H dPh kGL L dG Gg bEG
d fCG G a ,i``NCG L e G IOLh ,L
,He IY kHS cQT bh SGQdG jCG e ge
g j EG aO e Ggh ,hCG cG Y Mh
G j CG ```CGh ,``NO Qe EG gG
G ```J G ``M```W RG`` j `` cCG ```S``J
. jT cC aGh jhdG

c ,G e cCG IQH GbGh fdG J

Jh dG q J dG d YO J fCG
U NBG fL e :jHG Jh .zkLQNh kfi
dPh ,VQG g e cQG Y zjEG S{ cT
dG dG Gh G H UGJ Gb a H
,LQGh G jG Y dY IOH j UCG
dG fdG H jdH VQG g J dHh
IOH Jh kNGO J ```fCG SdG H e CLj
dG IOLe a cT e fL eh ,jG
jd N gh ,G GSCG EG aVEH G
.G dP e HCG g e EG
jhj e UNG ```ThQ``dG M ```jh
dG fdG G Ve ``cQ````G EG ```a``Mh

41 J G g S M ,G fG jQJ
Y QL dGh ,dG Weh afi ac Ve
.QG dG e G IdG GW VQG H J
edG ``b```dGh jdG hDe ``e O``Y i``HCGh
fdG G Ve cQG fGh cdG
jdG d J dG cQG g e MJQG QX
H ```J ``dG Qh``d``H GhO``` TCGh .```d G iDh`` dG ``e
SDG gOJ dG fdG d WdG G
OjEGh Je ``YO S YdG Wd edG
.d d Oe Ua
S{ cT jdG dhDe jHG jhR dbh
SDG H J dG VQG g cQG EG zjEG
jd d Fe Ua J YdG Wd edG

jDhdG -dU
S V ,YdG Wd edG SDG J
Le bfG e eGdHh 2011 zY{ M VQe
afi ```f````dG `````G ``V```e ,``M`````dG ``d```U
.QX
30 j ``dG VG ``g ``N e SDG Jh
jhd ,fY cT 60 e cCG a QJh QG dj
Gh WGG jJh G G Y jdGh
.kLQNh kfi aG Y JQeh ddG JOL Y
QX afi fdG G Ve aG JCjh
N V JEG S adG jdG ce j dG
e cCG J 2011 d dG d Se jJ

eG J `a GN 450 QH

H zHdG HdG bGG{ M FGL 3 zSQdG{

.UG ddG H
TJ e h```dEG SQdG b Qj FGO ``fCG cjh
,IGh G dSCH J dG bGG e fCG Y 2005 dG
dh GSG S d U bG CG cP jG eh
.GdG bG QGhR dch AdG J dG eG e c c
AGT `` LCG ``e ```Vh```G GQ``` G ``e ``j```dG ``b````H ``L``j
e Y EG aVEH ,Jeh SQdG eN GSGh
G dN e Ad dG jG dGh FSdG
c Y Ic UJ Y j c ,``eR``dG IYG Y
e eN d dGh JGdG ``aOh UdG jh AGT
.VaCG AdG MGQ LCG e dP c SQdG eN
jG J LCG e N HdG bGG FGL J
dG H ``g ``FG``G ``g ,```fh```dEG ``bG``G U ``e
e WGfG ``cCG dh bGe VGS YdG
d adG LCG e ej G CH Y ,eG LdJ
.FGG g
Y R``M b SQd dG FdG ``eQ``c ``ShQ CG cj
FGL jRJ M dP c dG Gd J FQ RHCG IFL
SQdG RM c ,ShCG dG QSGh jd J CG J
JGSG IOdG IFL Y -Jc Y cT iMCG
aCG IFH R``a jbh ,jdG OQGd dG FGL V
.EMEA e eG ShCG dG Y cG

jDhdG -e
HdG bGG FG HdG G FGL H SQdG Ra
G G``g L ```dh ,h``H fdG UdG ```bCG ``dGh
ch ,G e eG J AG``N e T 450 e ``cCG
cT- SQdH fhdEG bGG je TdG Y H jQOEG
QT b -dG AdG id Gh jdG JG
.G Gg FGG S QH
g L JCG CG IOdG jZ fEG :TdG jQOEG bh
G JGN Gf FGO a ,SQdG Y ``FG``G
VaCG FH ``j```Yh ````gG ``e ````S```SCG b d
N e ``dPh ,JG `` Jeh JZQ Jh
be d eG dG g .Ieh I eN J
UGd ef dG JG FSh MCG a ,dc hdEG
.j c AdG H d e dGh AGYCG FY e
www.nawras.om ``SQ````d h`` ` `dEG ``b``G R`` Mh
Ra c ,````JG ``e``N ``FG``L a V a I``F``L Y
Y www.bawabaty.omSQdH UG G``dG ``HG``H
www. bd jfhH IFL EG aVEH ,i``NCG a IFL
,AdG ``e ``` ` ` dG ``` a ``` j `` ` dGh shababiah.om
dG JdG eN H SG HT Ad M
EG NdG feEG ``dP jG JeGh adG

dG Se S Ie VhY J zhe jS{

H kej MQ K dG EG jL MQ J UN jg
.jdG IQdG Th dG
/e - Jc - e /e - GQ````j``J - e )
Gh Gfad e c Jh .(e ee - e
EG kGR``` kHQ aJh ej ``MQ jjdG dhdG jG
QfGa jce jW Y jeCGh HhQhCG G e jdG
.jQjRh
,IgdGh e ``H `` MQ G````d e J ``` VCGh
EG g eh `s Yh e H kGTe kHQ fOQCG G HJh
.ddG jeCGh HhQhCG EG kjCGh ShCG dG iNCG Lh
edch e H MQ fjdG jG G Jh
jG G HJh .bCG dG Lh EG je HQ e
L EG je HQ MQ e IQaS EG HO e jQadG
,OdG G Lh dGSCGh bCG dG FdG ``G
.IG jd HdG MdG EG kjCGh

UN -jDhdG
,dG Se S Ie VhY Y he jS YCG
ch ``g h``e jS ,FY Y hCG Y ```MQ ``f``cCG AG```S
jQd jG Gh Gd e e d dG G
fCG ``j``G `` ` `Gh ``L G`` ` Wh `` ` `fG`` jEG ``` e``` SEG
jG ```Gh ,``` fOQCG G jG ```Gh (Gfad)
jG ``` Gh fjdG ``j``G ``` Gh jQadG
LMG MdGh d dhdG he J .jjdG dhdG
G IOe cdGh GQ`````dGh GQGR``` d dH G
.OGaCGh YCG Hh
dhdG heh he jd dG jG ,LfH jT bh
J dG MdG OY OGR ,dG Qe e MdGh d
EG 2007 Y SCG c MQ 12 e dG GdG cT
GW cT hCG gh Gd L J .kdM SCG MQ 44

````Y 18 ```J z```dhO``S{

```d G````dCG ```J ```e
ce i d jUh FGdG
e ``d /`` L 50 ``e `` `bGC IQ``` W ``j````Y
UCG e FG UCG L J .AdG
Rd ````d ``eQ````dG ````UG``G ``dhO```S
.d jdG d
J H ``dhO```S ````UCG ```Jh
KKCG UCGh aNdG UCG e ec
cT ,Hf hcCG e a NJ bJH
dhOS ````UCG .```dG hCG ````UCG
hjCG GO````T Y I``F``M IOh``` G (``` Yo )
.18001 SG jCG SG JG hCG ,14001 hjCG ,9001
FGdG b G G L
`` `HhQhCG O`` `EG ````UG``e ``e ``H````Jh
.NGdG SCG UC

J H QJ CG ```G
efdG Gg GSHh .H UG GdCG
SL WCGh FS J CG M
e ``c .``` ` NG``dG ```M````e ``e ```S`````d
be Y de QU CG g L
www.sadolinoman. ``dhO``` S
. com
dG FQ ,GQ``f```T ``H .G ``bh
GdCG (Yo ) dhOS UCG dG
W jJ .de Y jM J
e de j CG G`` dCG `` LQO
kjCG aJ FGdG GdCG . EG OY
SH 88h QeQBG e e J
b ZUCG L .IRG SehOSh

jDhdG -e
J e Y 18 dhOS J
```dG G`` fCG L SJ dG G`` dCG
aJ EG aVEHh ,jY a hCG T
a GA`` `W J `` I``j``L G`` `dCG
GdCG ``LQO a J aJ ,FG
J dGh S de GdCGh jS
NGdG `` ` `` `SCGh ``` ` NG``dG GQ``` ` d
.kFGQ kGe Y Jh
dhOS `` e G`` ` ` `dCG ```````J `` a`` Jh
dGh G``dCG J e Y
JGh `` K`` KCG ```S````d ```eG`````SG
QjGc efH e dP e cCGh .dG

dG ````dG ``c```T ``J````f `` dG `````SG ``F```f ``` XCG

UTCG f Q```j ``e CG kG``ND`e Jf jJ zjL{
MGh AbG jdG ZdG jaCGh ShCG dG e
.MdG JdG ILCG e
dGh ,MdG I```LCG JT ``dG jGG dG j G``gh
eb ea .G AfCG fl Je f JQG EG iOCG
Y z``J dL{ T ``cCG MdG gRL WEH eS
KdG TCG N RL G Rh e cdG M ,2010
G IOjR gS ,gMh G e WEG e hCG
IOjRh eJ QGSG CG Y kGTDe j G``gh .%10 H dG
M Y cdGh G id dG AKCG UGdG EG LG
H ````JGh iG EG Ud ``L``G UCG M ,AG```S
IOG GP JG GhOCGh SG eN e IOSGh ffEG
eG j ,``dP EG aVEHh .Y k Z kGQ`` eCG ddG
dG OdG dGRE d OhM Ie Jh ,FN EG Ud
.edG IG Y VJ
G CG M EG MdG GJdG e JQG Ljh
GJdG e dG Y GSG SCG ILCG e j
aj c Ggh ,IdG jadG GJdG e Ik b cCGh ,dG
MdG ILCG H J dG FG MJCGh .MdG ILCG
dSh ,jQd WCG VGaG Yh ,d fCG LGh e
eCG dUhh ,dG IAdG fL EG ,aJ QSCGh ,dG
M c .SG ILCG IQGU FYG EG ,dh id
,JdG ILCG e FGf e SCG IJH kGQfG MdG ILCG
.dCG e dch ,MP3 eh
dG G IOe I```LCG Fb V MdG I```LCG Q```Jh
da Sh dch ,eGh ad Qc J e kdZ
GSH G e %75 G``M jh .dGh dG ``
,hdEG jdG Jh ffEG d Nd MdG ILCG
Y gf ,YLG d UdGh ,jQdG FSdG GSGh
dG dCH SGh ,``e``YE G SG dG ``gQhO
a MdG ILCG J ,FdG OYd kaNh .IQG
jW Y iG Gg AfE dP ij EGh ,iG VGS
IQGOEG hCG jd M hCG ,fdG hG``L A````fEGh ,jdGh HdG
g S 40-25 H jdG dG CG jL SGQO OaCGh .QdG
keY cCG fCG Y k a MdG ILCG eG kGOY cCG
EG k e cCG g jdG dG J c .e kGMGh AbGh AGT
jdG dH k fQe jQ VGZCG MdG ILCG GSG
LdG j adGh SdG ``Z GSG CG ``Z ,i`` NCG
.FdG
ZQe cT ``Y kG``ND`e QU jJ j ,i`` NCG k L ``eh
OhM d j jadG GJdG ILCG S CG fS
jadG I```LCG fG M j CG jdG bJ M ,bdG
,L eh .G``MCG MCG RL e 100 EG 2012 Y N
RL kG`` ND` `e ``` b``WEG ``e ``` ` dG G`` g IO``` b ````e```S ````J
3^1 jhQfCG H j GdGh ,MdG 8^9 h 10^1 dL
k YJh FSdG IOe H aj ``dG (Honeycomb)
YdG J G fL EGh .dG AKCG d kde
aJ ceh ,dG M GSG Hh ,G RdGh ,FdG
MdG jRG Gg Ea ,cd fl Jh ee
.dG AKCG feEG e jH G GOhj GjG
JG Y dG jG ,LNGa TCG b ,OdG Gg h
:fhdEd G eS
QGSG ,2010 ``Y gM ```dG jdG FdG H bf {
MdG 8^9 h 10^1 dL RL Y dG Gg dG dG
G LMG OjORG AV kUNh ,ShCG dG e
kG MdG dL ILCG M bh .dG AKCG QdG Jd
Y IG HdG GQeEG S bWEG Y SGh Th kSb
Ih ,HdG dG e Fd oU fc ,jdG Lh
.zHdG IG SJ Jh HdG iH k ec kG
e H N Y IG G ``g e ``WEG gjh
.MdG JdG ILCG S Y Te H J DhdH
e SM I```LCG AbG Y G UM ```JQG AV h
Y dG IO``jR EG ``dP iOCG a ,ddG IO``Gh IAdH J
hCG OG``aCG H G G```SCG Ak G```S MdG I```LCG
GSCG jhd eS e IFGQ cT OLH kUNh ,cdG
RH a ,dP Y IhYh .Ieh IQe Md Jc ILCH
fY ddG Sd IQe G IOh``G MdG ILCG
ODJ CG bG eh ,d dG G d dG bdG
Y AGS bdG eGh ,iG Y Fg H dG IOjR EG
.bEGh dG jdG

ObG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

G S

V hGJ Sh

```f 5934 Y jh G```dG Y dG d Jj ```e S

d H -jDhdG
ie Y ZCGh ,GdG Y dG d eCG dG GQhCd e S TDe JQG
b a VfG j dG G``j a ,f 1^14 e H 0^02 H f 5934
e fQH H 9^41 H jQ e 1^33 EG eCG hGdG b fG M ,hGdG
Ge fLCG jG hN GRe M ,jQ e 1^47 a S dGh ,L NBG
H bh ,G 27^13 H jJ jQ dCG 360^5 fdG Z AGT b H a
dG Z QSG U d ,G 36^89 Hh jQ dCG 490^26 fdG Z
Hh G 0^02 H bdG dG JQGh . G 9^76 Hh jQ dCG 129^73 EG
.jQ Qe 10^28 Qj e
k e H 0^25 H JQG M TDG Se G dG YOh
cGh f 6498
M ,f 2522 Y H 0^03 H H H eG b JQG c ,f 16
h ,G 0^17 Hh f 11 e f 6689 ie Y YdG b ZCG
SG M ,cT 11 fGh cT 10 e JQG , a cT 39 SCG hGdG
.U 730 J N e jJ S e 5^93 Y eCG hGdG iLh , 18 QSCG

YJQG cCG

dG e fLCG hN QGSG
a de bQh 39 hGJ
TDG Yj G dG

hGJ cCG

2011/07/04 jQCH dG GQhCd e S edG hGdG cM

edG dG
dG
SEG
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^500
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
1^000
0^100
1^000
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100

bdG dG

VY NCG

W NCG

10,318,000^000
119,416,000^000
15,600,000^000
13,395,008^550
449,151,518^700
6,093,750^000
40,927,887^000
8,310,000^000
226,575,000^000
237,241,435^814
43,104,000^000
12,960,000^000
13,125,000^000
213,181,096^338
345,920,000^000
36,470,204^320
5,200,000^000
4,200,000^000
3,648,279^454
42,315,000^000
11,310,000^000
254,597,836^430
43,951,800^000
4,250,000^000
22,680,000^000
56,050,000^000
29,150,000^000
820,500,000^000
1,151,994,508^704
55,681,825^342
215,200,000^000
183,965,226^760
10,282,317^864
144,000,000^000
4,547,500^000
23,980,000^000
98,175,000^000

0^136
0^474
0^053
0^403
0^693
0^101
0^238
0^280
2^450
0^850
1^345
0^108
0^105
0^265
0^323
0^293
0^080
0^201
0^063
0^402
4^000
0^263
1^600
0^052
0^190
1^233
0^540
1^150
0^745
0^287
1^080
0^560
0^168
0^145
0^068
0^226
0^430

0^135
0^471
0^051
0^401
0^692
0^100
0^236
0^275
2^260
0^845
0^000
0^106
0^104
0^264
0^318
0^290
0^076
0^199
0^062
0^398
3^746
0^260
1^584
0^050
0^189
1^015
0^530
1^092
0^742
0^285
1^075
0^552
0^167
0^144
0^066
0^217
0^422

NGS
U
0^136
0^473
0^052
0^401
0^693
0^100
0^237
0^276
2^385
0^848
1^350
0^106
0^104
0^265
0^320
0^293
0^080
0^199
0^063
0^397
3^746
0^263
1^584
0^053
0^190
1^100
0^530
1^092
0^745
0^285
1^075
0^550
0^167
0^145
0^067
0^216
0^421

dG f
%
3^077
2^165
1^961
1^786
1^025
1^010
0^855
0^727
0^210
0^119
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^0910^1340^3480^3700^7141^1761^3701^4491^8021^848-

dG
.Q
0^004
0^010
0^001
0^007
0^007
0^001
0^002
0^002
0^005
0^001
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^0010^0010^0010^0040^0040^0020^0020^0010^0040^008-

HdG ZEG

ZEG S

fOCG

YCG

dG

dG

OdG

dG bQdG

0^130
0^462
0^051
0^392
0^683
0^099
0^234
0^275
2^380
0^840
1^347
0^108
0^105
0^266
0^320
0^292
0^080
0^200
0^062
0^403
3^770
0^263
1^581
0^050
0^189
1^121
0^530
1^095
0^745
0^287
1^080
0^560
0^170
0^146
0^069
0^222
0^433

0^134
0^472
0^052
0^399
0^690
0^100
0^236
0^277
2^385
0^841
1^347
0^108
0^105
0^266
0^320
0^292
0^080
0^200
0^062
0^403
3^770
0^263
1^581
0^050
0^189
1^121
0^530
1^094
0^744
0^286
1^076
0^556
0^168
0^144
0^068
0^218
0^425

0^131
0^470
0^052
0^392
0^678
0^100
0^236
0^275
2^385
0^837
1^350
0^106
0^104
0^265
0^320
0^292
0^080
0^199
0^062
0^397
3^746
0^263
1^580
0^053
0^188
1^100
0^530
1^092
0^738
0^285
1^075
0^542
0^167
0^144
0^067
0^216
0^421

0^136
0^473
0^052
0^401
0^693
0^100
0^238
0^277
2^390
0^848
1^350
0^108
0^105
0^269
0^320
0^293
0^080
0^200
0^063
0^405
3^746
0^263
1^584
0^053
0^191
1^100
0^530
1^095
0^745
0^287
1^080
0^561
0^170
0^145
0^069
0^220
0^426

62
16
2
6
101
7
18
3
2
50
1
4
13
34
9
99
4
11
4
6
1
3
2
1
37
1
18
49
50
5
7
5
9
30
25
4
19
718

28,807
21,176
676
7,124
215,399
4,874
4,534
1,936
16,743
159,742
405
5,930
4,437
77,180
62,400
74,679
4,000
7,899
760
3,052
479
26,300
264
11
85,985
330
18,546
117,156
236,367
9,871
16,167
11,785
10,806
62,250
11,402
2,504
7,116
1,319,092

214,812
44,877
13,000
17,838
312,193
48,741
19,199
7,000
7,020
189,890
300
55,000
42,360
290,000
195,000
255,744
50,000
39,550
12,160
7,571
128
100,000
167
200
454,903
300
34,992
107,095
317,763
34,500
15,032
21,210
64,500
431,400
168,700
11,500
16,724
3,601,369
37

QX YG
ehG
QSEd dhdG
G e
SQdG
GQeCGh Y
HdG fhG
`e c
f``dG T
ed dG
AcH QhH GcCG
HdG QGfCG
fdG SG
gCG dG
WdG dG
jjG IjG
dG eG
jhd `G
QSd G
jZCd AdG
fdG hdG
hdG Y H
bd QU
AdG OGe YU
GQSEd Y
Wd Y
bd eda
JEd fdG
e H
eGd QGfCG
SCd jQ
Y SG
ed IjG
QU H
`G Y
HdG dG
Sd QL
LEG
dhGG

HdG ZEG

ZEG S

fOCG

YCG

dG

dG

OdG

dG bQdG

0^065
0^464

0^065
0^460

0^066
0^455

0^066
0^460

3
9
12

201
9,832
10,033

3,046
21,378
24,424
2

fG G
HdG Y f
LEG
dhGG
hGdG cM LEG

LEG
39

Ie
18

e
11

Je
10

dG
730

bdG dG
10,279,149,661

hGdG b
1,329,124

dhGG dG GQhCG
3,625,793
GTDG

dG f
0^02
0^170^25
0^03

dG
1^14
11^2516^13
0^73

HdG TDG
5,933^34
6,700^73
6,481^89
2,522^12

G TDG
5,934^48
6,689^48
6,498^02
2,522^85

fOCG
5,933^05
6,688^93
6,479^64
2,522^12
G hGJ

YCG
5,942^54
6,704^34
6,498^32
2,525^71

TDG
30 e S TDe
YdG TDe
G dG TDe
eG TDe

dG f
(b)
63^11 %
15^67 %
2^07 %
19^14 %

dG f
(OY)
81^41 %
6^56 %
1^71 %
10^32 %

AGdG f
(b)
72^87 %
11^49 %
0^64 %
14^99 %

AGdG f
(OY)
81^34 %
9^58 %
1^52 %
7^55 %

jRGG dG
dG
SEG
0^100
1^000

bdG dG

VY NCG

W NCG

1,308,299^980
2,760,000^000

0^067
0^460

0^065
0^455

NGS
U
0^066
0^455

dG f
%
0^000
0^862-

dG
.Q
0^000
0^004-

b e H 3^08 H YJQG ``cCG SCG Fb eCG QX ``YCG S QJ

H JQG H jQ 0^472 Y ZCG dG ehG S J ,jQ 0^134 Y ZCGh
,G 1^96 H Je jQ 0^052 S dG QSd dhdG S J ,H 2^17
S Jh ,G 0^399 H Je jQ 1^79 Y ZCG dG fCG e S K
.jQ 1^03 e H 0^690 H SQdG
Fb Qd b e H 1^85 Sd QL S an G SCG U Yh
Y ZCG ``dG HdG dG S ``J , ``jQ 0^425 Y ```ZCGh ,VfG SCG ``cCG
e G 1^45 Gba ``jQ 0^068 Y G Y K .G H e ``jQ 0^218
IjG S J ,H 1^37 VfG H jQ 0^144 e QU H S J ,b
.H 1^18 H G 0^168 e ed

fY
N
Y
iNCG

dG M e hGJ cCG Fb e H S QJ a hGdG c dHh

e G 17^78 H SCG e jQ dCG 236^4 b e hGJ M ,eCG L
SCG e jJ jQ dCG 215^399 b e hGH SQdG S J ,hGdG b LEG
jQ dCG 159^7 b e hGJ M ed dG J ,G 16^21 Hh cdG
jQ ``dCG 117^15 H hGH Jd fdG K ,G 12^02 Hh SCG e
. G 6^47 Hh jQ dCG 86 H hGH GQSd Y K ,G 8^81 Hh
Qd GQSd Y cT SCG e S e 455 hG``J OdG M eh
431^4 hGH QU H K ,dhGG SCG OY LEG e G 12^55 H FdG
8^8 Hh S dCG 317^8 hGH e H K ,G 11^9 Hh jJ S dCG
290 hGH gCG dG K ,G 8^6 Hh S dCG 312^2 hGH SQdG J ,G
. G 8 Hh S dCG

G hGJ
OY LEG e G 81^34 Hh jJ S e 2^95 AGH eCG fdG b
b LEG e G 72^87 Hh ``jQ ``dCG 970 HGb b H GG SCG
jQ ``dCG 152^7 H G 9^58 Hh S ``dCG 347^5 G AGT Hh ,AGdG
dCG 8^5 H G 1^52 Hh S dCG 55^2 dG AGT Hh ,G 11^49 Hh
199 H H 7^55 Hh S dCG 273^7 fLCG AGT Hh ,G 0^64 H jQ
G 81^4 Hh S e 2^95 fdG H H a .G 15 Hh jQ dCG
LEG e G 63^1 Hh jJ jQ e 839 H YG SCG OY LEG e
jQ ``dCG 208 Hh G 6^56 Hh S ``dCG 238 G H Hh ,dG b
jQ dCG 27^5 H G 1^7 Hh S dCG 62^15 dG H Hh ,G 15^67 H
dCG 254^3 H G 10^32 Hh S dCG 374 fLCG H Hh ,G 2^07 Hh
. G 19^14 Hh jQ

ObG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

10

hO S

zfH{h ..```jeCG ```dG QG```SG

fdG J CH Gj H LGj
RjhQ d
S fG H ,SCG GSCG JQG e YH eCG G jeCG G S SG
e FG d RQ``H ``fG OQfS ``d``ch j EG ``S```SCG Lj a fH je
95^01 EG S S Je jeCG G hGJ iLh .jO OGS Y fdG J MG
ed QhO 111^61 EG S 15 fH je HhQhCG SdG N fG M ed QhO
j Y H f jg jdG hGJ MCG fch .jL bH 1011 YdG H
.jdG Y jeCG dG IhQP dG Q gj dG IG jdG SG
e YO d dG QSCG CG JH jL i``d dG eG H ajc ``bh
j SCG GSCG J CG YCG" :VCGh ,VG SCG e dG SCG GSCG Se
jG je H S KCJ fH UN dG QSCG d ".dG dG H EG
dG jdG LCG j N CG FG d RQH fG OQfS dch db CG H
.OGdG Y bDe QNG J dM OdG J b fdG CH SGQO

``Jj ````gdG
QhdG V e
RjhQ- d
SG eH ```eCG `` HhQhCG ```G 0^5 ``g``dG Q````SCG ````JQG
HSCG S Jje fOCG EG dG G LGJ hG
UGS hQdG CH bJ Sh dG AGd VG SCG
.QhdG eCG Se
SDe db eH hQdG e QGSG CH hG LCJh
GPEG fjO OGS Y fdG J CG LG e EG RQH fG OQfS
.jdG LCG fa H MbG N f
bhd QhO 1494^59 ``jQ``` dG ````dG ``g``dG ````S ``` Hh
1485^80 e fQe jL bH 1138 YdG H (fhG)
gdG OY OGRh .G j Qjf eJ ``NGhCG QhO
.bhd QhO 1495^20 EG QhO 12^60 ZCG J jeCG
FU QdG e ``jO ``eRCG ``eCG ``W e h```G Mh
.dG
SG" ``` H ``` J``e``c i`` d ``` ` G ``````j``H ``` ` fGO `` bh
VfG H NQ QSCH gdG AGd UdG hG
.VG G j T dG OG
d VG bdG AdG H fdG jO eRCG fGh
HhQhCG OG Fb G GJ .M b fG j dP
".cCG d bdG H c fdGh
,QhO 33^94 ``e ``fQ```e ```bh``d QhO 34^08 `````dG ````Hh
OGRh ,QhO 1734^95 e bhd QhO 1717^74 EG JdG gh
GQhO 754 e bh QhO 754^97 EG jOdG

H LGj hQdG
```HhQhCG h````fl
RjhQ d

A```fCG ``Sh ````G TDG QG```SG

O````````dG Ij```L GQ```SG Y

..GQ```eEG UQ``H ```J z```dG{

dG HdG Ff CH j hGh
RjhQ -HO
jG d eCG XHCGh HO TDe JQG Y dG SCG YS
.dG e dG HdG cdG Ff CH e GX
SCG ZEG e f 2715 EG H 0^3 H XHCG UQH TDe JQGh
G H S OGRh ,JQG Y bdG dG M e dG cCG e HQCG
OG H e c Uh .H GMGh QdG XHCG H Sh H 0^8 hCG
id dG gOe GQ bh .H 0^3 eSEG XHCG eh WdG
GDdG d HO H e SCG (XHCG dG) J CG bf" SQ
fN g SdG de" ```VCGh ,"QdG e ``LQO CG g g g
QdG H if b d .G HdG dP if CG G e d GdG
0^2 H G HO S TDe JQGh ."dG HdG Ff dG dG
GQeEG H S Uh ,YSCG f ie YCG gh f 1556 EG H
.H 0^5 eSEG HO Hh H 3^5 WdG HO

:Qe M HdG FdH MWCG dG dG IQdG

dH gCG ``cCG eCG ```VhCGh HfG f EG
FQ Y ```Y `` bh .``c````dG `` `HQCG ```b``J ``e ```d
j e c X " jQS Hc hjc id hGdG
Nj jdG jG OG``YCG LGJ jdG Ge
OLh Y e HQe g Gf e ch ,e dG .. dG
AfEd SGQhCG dbh ."SSCG eGdH J QNCG
SQJ hdG d HdG dhdG jdG SDe EG eCG
Vhb IQU QhO e 350 H cdG GQSG
CH Fe jG L dG" Y bh .SCGh
SDe ``e Vb C GO`` (Afd ``` ` SGQhCG) ````SCG
YdGh Afd SGQhCG CG dG dhdG jdG
."GQSG IOjd NQ j QOe h eBG

RjhQ -IgdG
eCG EGX30 jG UQd FdG TDG ZCG
Afd `` ` `` `SGQhCG ``c``` T ``d``b CG ``` H ``c``j ``` J hO
QhO e 350 j b h``dG dG CG YdGh
QGSG ``ZQ ,e dG O`` EG j `` cdG
TDG ```ZCGh .O```dG SdG QGSG CH dG
f fGh .f 5428 EG H 0^2 Je FdG
jh .`` ` `NBG `````dG ``` JQG ``M ``dhG``` G ``` ` SCG
Ge M NB BG e dG fGh LMG QGSG
b OdG eCG VdG Tg EG IgdG jdG
VdG j ``dG ```jCG S eG HfG
AKCG jG SCG GYH jdG hG bh .Ff

jJ H QhdG eCG T Jje YCG Y hQdG LGJ

dG FN J CG bG e d RQ``H ``fG OQfS SDe
.fOCG jG Y b YO H IOh HhQhCG
QhO 1^4580 Y T ie YCG S b hQdG ch
Y fdG J MG CH hG QfG e eCG HS bh
.jdG LCG eRCG QfG MGh OGdG
cG dG aj CH dG bJ e jCG hQdG OSGh
.QG SG N j LG IFdG QSCG HhQhCG
QhU Qa QhO 1^4510 EG QhO 1^4550 f e hQdG LGJh
1^4525 EG d dP H aJ d .RQH fG OQfS jJ
e Y QhO 1^4580 S eH HhQhCG edG QhO
.fj e e ie YCG gh hdG hGd SG.H.G
fdG ``eCG HSCG N ie ```YCG ``b hQ```dG ``Mh
G H 0^13 QhdG TDe LGJh ,fa 1^2238 Y jdG
.74^133 ddG T f ie fOCG b 74^251
YJ IG jdG e je jObG fH QUh
dG eCG H 0^3 QhdG fGh ,cj H jeCG dG
.j 80^62 EG

11

ObG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

hO

zhQdG{ G QSCG LGJ

b`dG ```J V```fG e
RjhQ -chH
hQdG e `````G Q````SCG CG ``` eCG ``f```H ``` XCG
H HdG dG gGe ``Y ``j``e b ```LG``J
cG dG J e jCG H dPh ,bdG J VfG
.SCG Gg GO IFdG QSCG aS fCG EG HhQhCG
QSCG EG (ShQj) HhQhCG OG GAMG e bh
- ``j``HG Y H 0^2 LGJ hQ```dG e G
bdG J VfG H -H bG e YCG f gh
JLCG SG GbJ b jObG AGN ch .H 1^1
.H 0^1 hQdG e G QSCG LGJ CG R``jhQ
dG e je gGe Y H 6^2 JQG QSCG d
e jG je iNCG Mf e .VG
KK LGJ H QG dj M e Le H hQdG
dG HC S Y ``cPh .G```dG Y TCG
fQe fj 3^5 e 5^3 EG JQG dG gTDe CG eCG
S T R``jh``d `````SG 1^2 EG ``Y```JQ``H ```b```H
.jObG AGN
OL hQj dG cQG" H YG dbh
iNCG ed V bG j e gh ,fdG PfG
".HU LGJ dG (hQdG e )
S ``G OG`` G Q````SCG J j ..fK" ``a``` VCGh
".JQG Y YH dG

hj Q dG BG
jO```dG ````FXh
RjhQ -fe
e BG G`````d ```Y ``U``a ``a``J EG dG J
HdG G ````F``Xh h````j ``Q ``j``dG dG
j SS GdG a j ``dG ``b``dG jOdG
EG ``j``` ` dG ``e ``````FQ GQ``` ` e `````j `` ``` e``` dG
40 ```f EG ````dG ```M ``Y ```aG``e ``Y```L ```J .`````dG
Ve jOdG j a e 1^2 ``e G
OY J Y cdG QL VjdG N f d
hX d jSBG hO ``e Mh jOdG ``e ``cCG
da HCG dbh .RG eN j jdG WGe
jH G```SCG jd" d SFdG SH G Ff
FXh hS jdG dG ADg CG e KGh fh
".iNCG HSG S jOdG
jOdGh .edG ADg SG S c O h
HG dG e O``Y ``cCG H j ``dG dG g
dG Gg G gJ dG HGVGh ,ShCG dG
.OGYCG g YJ d fCG J

bj zGjEG cG{
````dG fH QGUEG
RjhQ GW
d G``jEG ``c``G dG CG ```eCG ```fG``jEG U ``cP
J iL fCG Fb dG Y jT fH BG H Qj
dH g bJ dP AL .G H eM Z dch
YJQG eG Yd jQJ AdEG S PEG GjEG d
EG ``j``dG b C```H h``` G OCGh ,````S```SCG S Q````SCG
b LGJ EG iOCG gdGh ,Qh``dG AGT Y ddG
a ``F``f ``Y ``L ``L U fh .``` fG``jEG dG
fH fh L e EG :db hZ M cG dG
.GAMd YCG G EG MCG dG
e G``` c ``` d I``` G ``` d ``H``` ` SCG ``j``` ` dG O``` j h
dG d cG dG GjJ j fGjEG
,je 22 M ``j``HCG 20 ``e dG G 14^2 Y O``M
.dG j d fH MCG gh

fCGh ..d IOdGh OcdG AfE J fdG

eRCG dG g P Y JG J
LCG fa H MbG N JG e GPEG ``jO OGS Y
.jdG
CG eCG fCG dG IQGRh SH e ``cP ,fK L e
P ``M ```f``CG de SDe ``e ```J UJ IQGR`` dG
.fdG PfEG eM UG dG g Oh VGh
OG G H Qj " :QhO U De G bh
Qb bCG EG ODj dG OG PdGh (UG dG) cQ
".H LP f .fG QKBG e
cTh dG ge Y fG JG VG ````SCGh
Y fd PfEG eM K hQj Qe H UG eCdG
.jdG H e G fdG PdG SSCG
FG dG SDe CG VGaG EG gG Jh
.OGdG Y J jO OGS LC dG j J

RjhQ KCG
ed G GG G hCG eCG fdG dG jRh b
IOdG Y ObG IYeh ObG DWdG bh EG S
.dG EG
Mh `` g g" :``` H ``S```j`````a ``S```````jG `` bh
g G HSCGh jCG N a hdG j dG GQOd
dd dG EG (ObG) IOYh OcdG bhh ObG TfG
".NdG IOh dGh dG Y WdG S WGG ac
U ``J``` ` f ``j``` J ``` H ``S``` j``` ` ` a ``` j``` ` J A`` ` L
Y J GAGLEG e IjL Y g EG cP JhdG
.dG j Od dhdG VG e bh IjL Ice
dch JQUCG H Y Q``a J CG IQGR``dG i``d j h
fdG J CG a LQ FG d RQH fG OQfS

SjG

HdG YdGh G dG e fGG Y j J e

e L je IY eCJ J CG
J fch .L 315700 J GdG e
``S```SCG f 441 EG JQG ``b dG
V dG VfG eJ e jj NGhCG
fGe J CG eG bJh .Qe
CG`` `H `` `dG `` `G ``` dG ``` ` dG ``d``` G
ObG dG e G 8^6 EG dj
11 f H HS bJ ``e dG
cJ ````U```J ``c``J ``` fCG ``Z .``` G
dG e ``f``ch .``dP c CH
e hCG dG QdG gObG fG
hdG dG hU a b 2011 dG
JY QjG je e dhO feh
QhO Qe 11 H be Y J
Y 2012-2011 `` Y`` a`` G G`` ` e
hdG dG ``bh .SdG HGVG
ie Y QhO Qe 4^5 S ``fEG
Qe J eOdG jdGh HQCG QdG
dG fGe dG S JY QhO
LGS `` fEG G ```j ````dG ```d .``` dG
LH J fEG e db eH G
.dG hU j EG
eCG ``H ``b G ``c``G dG ``ch
`` bCG ``e``j 91 `` LC ``fG``N hPG `` `MCG
IFdG ``` ` JQG ``e``` H ``jG``` dG ``` V``Y
.VG SCG e fQH

RjhQ -XHCG
GVQ S ````G ```d``G `` jRh ``` YCG
Y ``j`` ````J ````e EG ``` KG ``` eCG
Qe 22^47) L Qe 134 ddG fGG
dH GQGUEG e je N e (QhO
.HdG GdG e YdGh G
e" XHCG dG GVQ HCGh
dG ``e ``YO h``H QG`````SG ```Y IQO`` b
J I`` h``dG dG hU hCG h``dG
."HdG GdG e IY dh Y Y
Qe 120 d f" ``jR``dG ``bh
fh G dG ``e dG ``e L
h ,"GQe 14 d HdG h``dG EG
.UdG e j j
GVQ S
YO CH JG EG UJ e fch
hU e QhO GQe KK H e
eh G dG e dG J G jd fj ``e ```e``G h``dG dG
.LCG GYG dG LMG J eH G Vh
dG e c GPEG Y eCG S eYh
Q```e M HdG FdG M ```fCG
HGL QSCH G dG e jdG L e LCG dG QOe gCG e KG a
Qe 120 ``` Y ``` ` bh Gd" G`` ` `VQ `` b
.jGh dG hg
."(L) EG JG EG UdG H b GVQ d
eCJ J CG EG d fH Jh
hCG hdG e VGbd d e
OGdG ``Y ``` ` dG ``e ``j``` ` G G``` ` ` dG Vhb eM jCG VY dG hdG dG
j e ``gh dG SSCG f 315^7 H e H fEG FY G jRdG bh .Ic

LQG dG G M Y J IfCG

G``JCG AGH fSG J dG VQG

G```dG `````MQ H ObG AH IO````YE
ch -SG
cdG dG jRh e eCG dG VQG e ah LG
cd jObG G````H fSG feEG d T
.GdG e dG f MQ H d AH IOYEG Me
G e Gah EG cdG dG jRh e Y QOU H cPh
e LG jObG AG``N j VQG dG fG WdG
cJh G H hdG d IfCG T jRdG
.jObG IQGOEG
jObG IQGOEG f Y WG jj adG CG dG VCGh
Hh cdG jObG G``G e IOSGh cJ G
.d Y G Gg cdG PdG J feEG
SQE OH OGSH dG adG HCG T jRdG CG VhCGh
jh gObG gCJ IOYE d EG IQGOEGh ObG AGN
H cJ d G dG ``d``b e U Y
e ge CG S IfCG CG GcDe cJ J dG jG ah
SCG Y S eG FGOdGh GNG eCJ hU EG eCG
.dG dG IYe fCT
.cJ cdG HdG dG LQG dG G aGYG cJ a cCG bh IfCG EG dG adG IQjR JCJh
HdG dG ```G 62^37 ``LQ``G dG ````G ```h
Y YCGh ,dG d YT fG WdG H
.eSEG e gh cdG RH je dM Qhj dG ZhG OhGO MCG LQG jRh d
eM V IG CG HY Q``WEG ``c``dG dG A``Lh
QhO e 200 b de IYe J eY d bH
.GdG e dG dG
.d

eCJ zdhdG bdG{

60 d dG SG
dG e eH e
RjhQ -d
SG eCJ fCG eCG dhdG bdG dch db
.MW dG dG h e GL c A dG
`` dhO 28 EG IQ``` ` G ``` J ``` dG -`` d`` c`` dG `` d`` bh
e dG e eH e 60 S fCG -YU
GOG`` ` eEG I``` ` dG ````d `````JG```SG ``fh``` G
.dG fEG J Y dG
GSCGh dG YU b FQ ja jO bh
jd" JdG Y d jJ dcdG
SG ``e ``d````e ``LQ``H ```L``f h``` j i`````e
jdG JGSG dG h`` e hd
."IG
fc jJc QYEG e HdG IG" ```VCGh
IG ``g IG ``j``dG e ```dhCG GQ``` TEG .IL
e GL c AL SG eCf ddh IL hJ
."dP
```a ```d```dG I`` G ``g h``` G ``e `````dG `` ch
YCG 2005 Y HdG IG fch .dcdG jQJ
.jJc QYEG

zjdG hdG{
H Yhe J CGJ
QhO Qe 40
RjhQ -jdG
eCG "fc" SdG jdG A```fCG ``d``ch ``cP
WdG h```dG cT CG```J CG bG ``e CG ```KG
11 dLEG b J Yhe dG jdG
.dG Gg (QhO Qe 40^15) QjO Qe
cdG G dG Ff VdG ``M ``bh
Y jdG Ie HGQ AH J YhG CG
AGOCG QS dG O``b```d ``Yh````eh `` HhCG e
Qe 8^6 H OdG dG G e Je
.QjO
fEG N AfEG jCG J YhG CG VCGh
.QjO e 315 f J H eG RdG
AH Y VG SCG hd YCG G aGhh
dG CGJ CG bjh gQfG W dG QhdG Ie
.QjO GQe HQCG GH QJ H 2016
dG dG ObdG Yhe Y jG G aGhh
.QjO Qe 4^6 J J CG bG e
FdG dG G WdG hdG cT jJh
dCG 930 G jjdG bW J dG OdG
.ej eH
dG d Qe H cCG HGQ jdG Jh
ej eH e 1^4 EG jjdG bW IO``j``d
IjL e Yhe jCG jc cT QJh
.SBG

12

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

SGh OhG NdG UCGh XG QU e j e

dGh ..VGbEG SdG H dj T

WG d zjRGMG GAGLEG{gJ

j hdG Y H
FH She S
jDhdG -FS

jdGh jdG hdG Y H bCG

,FS H YSCG She S kGNDe
FHR e Lh ,dG Ije QH dPh
.dG
kjf ke dG ``N ````dG `` bh
84 Y YRe dCG 25 e cCG H H
.e Fa d oY ``jQ 300 bGH Fa
jG ``Sh``` e ``FG``L ````S ``e``f``H EG
a d ah YSCG HS j
UN HS EG aVEH ,e dh
WdG dGh QG dG j S
GH R``a ``bh ,SGQd IO```dGh ICG``G ``jh
HdG dGR h ,jdG G efdG
.G dG jf M Ie

gP GQ
m QX H
MdG dU L
2011

jDhdG -e
IQhH KCj aG VhdG G``fCG
aVEH ,``e O`````bG `````dG
dG be j M dG be eY EG
Y dG Mh Yf j GRQ``H GQhO
a `` `NCG ``e``` dG `` eCG ,``M``` ` G ``Vh``` dG
M FG d IWGh dG
dO dG e G ``VG``bG M
j M ,eRdG OQG``G aJ Y JQd
e e ie H j CG dG Y
e iRGJ Oe e NBG J a J OQGG
,e hCG Ve e NBG e G NdG
fhe IOjR EG dG M c ODj c
dP EG aVEH ,aCG H OQGG XJ
f ```d ``W```G ```e ``j````H ````dG ```j
fQe IFa f OYGh VhdG G``fCG e
QWG Vh VH ``dPh IG IWH
.VhdG G SSCG

TdG Lf -jDhdG

VdG hT
O CG ````a ``Vh``` dG h``` T ``Y `` eCG
G ```e ``V```dG h``` T `` VG`` bEG ```S````S
IYGe ``e VdG SG jQd ````bCG
K ,WG OGR c SG LCG OGR c
J JGSG JG G e ``c e GPEG
W HK IFa GdG CG IFdG e
KCJh FG W jJh VdG Ia
JG G e c GPEG Yh IFdG e Y
G UN VhdG cQG SS
bCG ``G VdG b a iJ dG
VGbEG SS E` a ``d``c ,Y UG
dG de a j dG hdG O
UCG GfCGh ,VdG d fgQ H
b EG ``V```dG fh ,```d```b ``` ```dG
W h````H h````J ```dGh ``g``G ``` UCG
,d bdG b VJ i``eh ```UCG
fG e GPEG gPJG j dG GAGLEGh
O ```c ,``g``G ```UC`d ```b````dG `````dG
eh ````dG e `````d i`` NCG ``FG``H
d ec dK ``W ``dP Y eCG
````dG ``M ```Y `` VG`` bEG ```Y ``` ` dGh
CH dG ``NEG Q``a VdG b OGO```SG
.bdG hT e

Mh J `` h ``aG``gC ```ah `` NB
IY ``e ``VG``bEG SS ````Jh .``G ``SCGQ
Vd LEG G j gCG eGY
d dG VhdG LEG H jh
Jh MGh d hCG c Fd CG
YGbh H ```G G``g IO``Y ````dG
H `` NCG j c ,``c``G dG j
eCG dG i``d I``a```G OQG`` G M Q````YG
ej dG G j a dG edG
ej ``` dG `````G ```M O``` ` jh ````dG
e ``Y``` ``ah ``` VG``bG WH ````dG
aGh MG OQGG M Y J QeCG
Wh WG dG VJ dG
Vhd ````e ``c ``L``Mh ``````G ``W``` G
,VhdG g IQGOEG dG Y dG IQbh
j ``e``Y ``Y ````a G``g Y ``H``b``dGh
VhdG GfCG j j M ,VhdG GfCG
J IOY d ah dG dG
.dG
Y ``KD`J dG eGdG ``e jdG ```gh
hdG ``gR``HCG ````dG ``VG``bG SS
Y ````dG CG ```M ,``jO`````bG `` ` `VhCGh

IFa ``` ` S CG `` `LO`` `dG O``` i`` ` jh

jdG `` ` WG`` G ``` Y z``` ` J``e{ `` Vh`` ` dG
SS CG ````a ,```f```e `` `JGhQ ```V````j
JGdG b Y J dG id VGbEG
gZh dGh H j dG SDG Mh
f ``b``dG ``YG``J CG ``H ``a Q`` eCG ``e
SSCG Y IFdG O``h XG G``g h``X
e e IFdG GRJ c Y Fe ,dP
1000 EG JGQ j eh jQ 200 Y j
.jQ

jRGMG GAGLEG
CG `` jQ`` ` ` dG `` ` ` dG i`` `J ,`` H`` ` `G h
GAGLEGh YGdG J g VGbEG SS
UGeh M jH JG ``HG```dGh
Heh e HGVh WhTh VhdG
Y Q``WEG fCH jJ c ,h
SCGh ``j``` G ``e ``Y``` ```Y ````j
IQGOEG gJ ```dG ``jO``` TQEG ``g``Gh
H ``Vh```dG IQGOGh ``e``Y H aG
dH J SS LJ h UN
H ``e ```S`````dG `` g `````Jh ,``jQ``` ` dG

VGbG ```S````S ```````H ``` ` T ``d``W

,dG ``jQ``` ` dG ``` ` dG ``````J ``` dG
a UN f IO``YEG EG LH fEG Fb
g J M ,dG VhdH j
Yh XG j dG JGdG Y SdG
EG aVEH ,H j dG SDG Mh f
.VdG OGS e NBG NO e jd e
SdG ``` J EG ``` ` ` dG ``` ` H `` ` bh
e ```dEG j ``e ``eCG FY J
Y ````````d hC` ` ` j ``` ` S``` SCG ``L``` ` MG
hCG T hCG ```f````SEG ``f``c AG``` S ``Vh```dG
G e %50 CGh UN ,GQdG Vhb
.dG a e dG
J ``jQ``` ` dG ``` ` dG ``` ` J ,``H``` G
bdG d jRGMG GAG``LEG SdG
e VGbG SS j Gf ,WG
.fGbh SCGh jh fe
dG ``e ````dG EG ``` dG ``d``N `` bh
dG ``e VGSG Y HU ``LG``j
J dG SdG H ``dPh ,jQdG
SDe j jdG UN dG J
fOCG ````JGhQ ````J ``j``dGh ``U``G ````dG
M ,eG dG X fQe
Ic T Vhb WGG ADg dG
JGd ``` ah I````U ``d```e ```` `` `EGh
dZ dGh SDG e XG Vj dG
Lj ``` dG ``X``G ``L``` ` MG ````J
VhCGh .d EG VGbEd dG
eY e UG dG j fCG TdG
JGQ Vj fCG EG ,Y HO IOT jdh
Vb H J eY Gd ,jQ 200 Rhj
e ej ```dG ``jQ````dG ````dG ``MCG ``e
VGbG j ``fCG cG ,Gh``dG H
Y G d ,Lj ``dG G
Fb ,Ghd c
m Z Gj e gh ,U e
g g CG dG bS dG jdG EG
.gJ h GAGLEG

g ```e ```N `````dG ``g ``` G ````dG

SS ``H``Z ``N``dG ````d G``` ` a ,`` ` ` eRCG
eG ``e j O``` dG ````UCGh ,Q`` `NOG
,VGbG jW Y EG SSCG JLMG
e Y G hCG IQS AGT j a
G`` HCG ``W GPEG EG ``` dG ``d``ch ,Gh`` `dG hCG
Y ad SS Vh ```dG ````dG
.gOQGeh Y
CG H CG j cCdH{ :bh
EG j e jQ 300 hCG 200 Vj Xe
b j ``d ```JGQ C ,``jQ ``dCG 70 hCG 50
KCjh JM S dHh Sh dG
J CG dhdG Y j fCG VCGh .zdG
CG ``H ``fG```dG C ;``WG``G ``NO dG
,MGh ``G Jh ``MGh i`` J
UG dG edG OY H e UN
Vj eh WGe dCG 150 e cC
G gh ``jQ 200 Y jJ fe ``JGhQ
j CG XG Gd a ,Q``LC`d ``fOCG
dh ``VG``b``H EG SSCG JLMG Y
JGhdG J
c AGT a j dG G dG XG ``NO CG ``` Uh``G ``d``W ``` VhCGh
.LMG J

Y S H ````aCG ,Q```X H ```YCG

J ````M G``` dG ```Y ``` dG ````d
AGOCG I``F``L ```Y ``` U``Gh ``` ` dG O`````bG
Y ``` ```b ``e G``` dG ```Y ```f```dG I````d
L gdG YGdG ``fCG - ```YCGh ObG
Gg Jda J ``dGh ,2011 MdG dU
Mh Q``G dj e hCG e IdG dG
jdG c LG G dPh ,dG jf
.dU H adG
adG ``c``G AG`` ` KEG ``L``` G `````jh
aVEH , kYh dhOh MdGh dGh
.dG aJh ObG e OjEG EG
Gg dG H Oj dG fCG V eh
fdG Yd dG Id QhO J dG
EG aVEH LG ``VQCG Y ``dPh ,eGdG
FHd FGGh HGh YSEG ddG
.GdG dG
FGL Y dG jCG ddG Mjh
G efH e jdGh YSCG G
QGhd UG HdG EG aVEH ,ad
``VQC` H `` a`` ` Gh Q`` ` X ``` ` d ``` ` ` ` G `` b`` G
LG Gg QX H cQe JCJh .LG
dPh e UGdGh GdG FHR J
dch Ie ``e``Nh e ``e ej ``
.d MGdG S ac aJ
dG jG odG Y H GY ``bh
j ``` S{ :Q``` X ````H ``c````G ``e````d
dG FHR e HGhdG KJ e Le
N ``e ``dPh ``Y H G A```HCGh G```dG
,d LG VQCH JeNh Je aJ
jg jd SSCG aGQh IcQ LG j c
.zkbEGh dG
c LG VQCH QX H be jh
Jeh dG eN L adG jdG
FdG `` ` `YCG ``F``H``dG ``L``` ` MG ``````d
`````J ``` dGh ``jQ``` ` dG `` ` `YCGh ,```a````G
VhdGh adG e e ee Y
eGh ``b``` ` dGh ``` f``` ` SEGh ````````dG
BG U RL aS c ,gZh fhdEG
aVEH ,LG be YdG QGe Y j
.adG HM e eG FGG HS EG

dG zAGOCG M e cT aCG{ d j gCG dG

dGh ````fC``H G``` dGh ````dG
Y G SQG aCG Jh
de eNh dG GgCG S
.dG H G GWCG ac
TCG{ :d dG FdG VCGh
g ```Y ``` YCGh O`````bG ``Y ```
,TCGh hQa kL dG IFG
gCG ``` ` dG ``` e``` dG ``a``c ``d``c
LCG ``e UGG Sh eGdG Y
J Y cJ IOG dY eN aJ
ad FGdG Sh AdG LMG
fh ,```d b GP `````eh ``e``N
d YO Y dG gG dc
dG ``` aG``` TEG ``` G O```L f ```c
dG ```U```Hh ``j````dG ```L```dG ``e``b
d ``e``` dG ``` ` ` dGh ``` ` dG `` c`` G
.zG

Y J Ad I H aH
f ,IOG dY eNh e aJ
FGG ``e I``F``L ``c C` `H `` YGh ``d``c
aVEG dhDe Y f dG
e aCG H dG QGSG f
d cDhCG CG OhCG fEa dc .U LCG
LCG e fOL UGe Y eRY fCH
.zeOdG jCG aCG je
d ```d```dG i``c``dG 2011 ``Y ````jh
dG edG e Ib Ia Nh
FGG e jdG Y G gCG
QSG Hh eYEG SDG e
SCG e kGMGh QYH bEGh G
U ``VQCG Y j ``dGh kG`` dG
Y ``` gCG ````dG ``` j . `````e ``` ` SCGh
J dG cdG cM Oeh SCG
aGMGh G ``NCG je YCG

2010 Y d HdG U OGRh . HdG

. ``jQ e 14^1 EG d %65 H
e 806 dG UCG LEG H dc
kG e gh 2010 Y jf ``jQ
VhdG OGR dc . %31 H
e 444 e d %48 H dGh
``jQ e 656 EG 2009 ``Y ``jQ
SCGQ jc f H ``d``c . 2010 ``Y
gh 2010 jO 31 c %19^67 G
dG b e OG fOCG G e YCG
HdG N . %12 dG cG
GS QGUEG e H dG NCG
e 35 `````H ``f`````e ``Z ``j``f``K
TdG H jdG Y bh .jQ
f{ :``` gCG d ``````dG ````F``dG
dG e MGch IFG H hQa
ee ```fE`a ``` Y S I``FG``dG

jDhdG -e
aCG I`` F`` L `` `` ` gCG ``` ` dG ``` ` M
Y AGOCG M ``e fdG cdG
dG G H I``F``G ``g ``JC`Jh ,2010
ObG `` Y ``` kG`` `ND` ` e `` H ``e``b
YCG ``Y I``FG``dG G -```YCGh
dG AGOCG ``` ` G `` ` XCGh .-```````dG
J ``bh ,``j```G ```dG
e ``j``YQ `` M d I``F``G
FQ jG dG ``H TQ QcdG
gCG dG QNG h .bG
Y AH { AGOCG M e cdG aCG {
FQ de je N dG AGOCG
HdG U dGh FdG dG g
Y FdGh UCG Se Y FdGh
eg ``` Uh ```g````G ```M ```S```e

13

dG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

AGd U J jOdG
fCG HHO
RjhQ -VjdG
G EG Rjhd jOS eCG GQe b
fG e (OQd) HHO 44 TG jOdG HdG
e GQe IY M U e hCG MG
QdG ``N HHO 200 Y d GQh`` dG
.G
93 b G e eM Y dG JCJh
jJ T ``SQ``e G JQb QhO Qe
GYG g fch .eCG Gbh Wd YdG
.HdG dG dG LMG Y a OQ
TG SG f Y W eCG Qe bh
jJ g ...h fG e HHO 44 BG M G
cP aQh .fG e G HHO 200 AGT
GQ Q```j M EG :``F``b dG b
CG ``MCG j T jO dbh .GQh``dG
dG RLCG fCG ed HdG eCG
JG Q``` dG ```Y j h .```V``G ``` ` SCG
.d jOdG adG IQGRh dhD
Gge bCG gh jOdG dG fh
G FdG G ``gh bdG G
.dG SGh LMG J d d
Y H G Y G OdG gdG eCG c
eCG Xh dCG 60 GSH SQe jdG
.NGdG IQGRh
IOjd eY N g :NBG eCG Qe bh
edG SdG OG``YCGh adG Ge OG``YCG c
.dG dP
EG ````j``eCG ``dhD```e ``b ```V``G ```dG h
60 H jY G``F``W AGT J jOdG
.IOLG GFdG j dP QhO Qe

O````dG `a `aG``dG A``H ``aj z`dfG ``G{

dG GdG QOj d dGhh Vhd he :SEG S

dG YdG eM e dhDe CG eCG dG eG SH e YCGh
S Ud VQG e T e LCG UGY GLG GdG e
WdG G jCJ hCG H VhG fc GPG e QdG Y j h .eRCd
MdG YdG G g G EG HdG GdG e Jh .VQG fG
e VhG CG hdEG jdH SQCG H gGHEG Se bh .dG d
e fEGh hdG J e QH jhdGh eh djEG L VQG
.Ie dGR
CG eCG dG fG G FQ G Y e cCG ,HG
Gg e J HdG fCH QGbEG ZQ ,d GdG e dG YdG Ad
.Gd VdG
GdG Ad ,G h ,BG ,`` :``fEG H G Y ``bh
eCG Gh dG Y dG gh ``MGh Qm N iS eeG d r CG GcDe ,d
d T QGdG e RH je QGT ee JGJ b fch .dGdG
j CH IQdG Fd d e fG WdG G CG J MCG eCG
.Y C VdG hH d e e
GDe hj DhYG c eY WdG G e eCG T e f h
.G Vd VQG Y GYEd RH IQOf IQOH ,aU

RjhQ -IgdG

RjhQ -ScGc
EG R````d IQ``` ` G ``c````dG ``e ``Vh``` ` dG
,dG S e Sj S M FGSEG
dG dH ee fEG J cdG d
.jW GS H AadG eCG GR e
e CG `` G ``a``````e ``` j h
.KdG GQfG

jGa FGhCG G bh QfG ch

VQe ````S````S `` e ``e``` JG ``` Sh
Qe `````M ``H``` ` dG ``` ` F``dG ``e```
H ``` FG``` SE ``````dG R``` dG ``j`````H
.e
IOYEH eG je fi edGh

GQfG CG Y OTh eCG QOe db

RdG HfCG N KG eCG bh GjL
OQCGh FGSEG EG e e G dG
.dG jEG Jh AS IjL T
G ``bh QfG EG Qe ``bh
f J dG dG jb OLG
jdG je e dG EG Gec 85
Jh ,A`````S ````T ```a``fi UY
bh QfG CG ```VCGh .dG ``YP IQ``KEG
MU `````dGh I`` MG`` dG ``Y````dG G`` M
.G bdH
JQG dG dCG EG OdG ``bh
dM h .Q````fG a ``bh ```dG G
Y ```H````dG ```H```G ````J Q``` ` fG `` bh
G dG RdG jH Jh Ybh e
G O``j K QfG e d
.MUEG AdG b jC
jb ae Y G QfG ``bhh
VG ``j``HG `` NGhCG jdG je ``e
.T f MUEG SGh

MUEd aQ j HQG BG

BGh ..IM RG gGJ jQdG GdG

dG H dd hgj dG
RjhQ -Y
a N dG bdG KG eCG IM je Re gGO jQS Gb EG e b
ITG LMd eG dG hj gh ,QGdG EG dG G
MCG gh a hCG SG cH cG UEG TQh de gh G MCG bh .ING fhBG
GdG j .dG Gg IM eCG Gbh GOL J bCG Y aM 30 NO JdG Y
G M e hUj OG GY iCGQ fCG HJh .dG WG Y FGY H
jG SH AMCG EG jODe W H IQM j T bh .UTG Y dG jh
.edG jOUh GQdG GQWEG GdG GTGh
H dPh M bh e fG K MCG j IM NO jQdG HHdG G S bh
AH e eY 11 G SCG QH QdG FdG M V jG MG cCG bh e ej
.TG HQCG f b SCG Jh SS jH dG VfG
GhMG bCG Y dG 150 f Gh cCG GOGYCG bdG dP e HLG GgG G OT cPh
aM MGdG QdG FdG dGh b dG SCG MH dd G j IH Ge
.e eSEG VfG d 1982 Y IM EG JGb aH SCG

UEG Y :jdG AGQRh FQ

Mh QhV eCG

RjhQ -W

aCG zjOG{ e
cH NGO IQZ j
RjhQ -(cH) QN
fcdG GHGh eH dhDe b
GhY Oe 300 ``Y j ``e EG ```KG ```eCG
f GLgh faCG e eOb cH EG
OhG Y g SOS ``gh ,fcH J
jdG ``H G``J```dG OGR ``dG ``eCG T ``N
.jQhG
b fcH jL EG GHfl dhDe bh
NCe ``bh ``bh ``dG dG ``NBG ````UCGh
.fcdG dG Q``L``H e ``MG ``j
Gb jOe HQCG Y j e CG GaVCGh
.TG
Gb ``eCG GH GO``a 56 EG :cH Jh
e ``jO```````d ````g S 81 ``` ` UCGh
jhb ``bh .VG dG ie Y faG
jOG EG Rjhd dG bh M c e
OHh jhj Hbh NhQU FGb GeSG
b ```YR ``gh ``L ````L `` bh .``````T``c
bh .YS Id SGh c Qf WG bh
U fcdG eCG Gb EG :eM hDe
fEG VCGh .faG EG JOYCGh jOG
.fG U FN J

HQfi e dG dG EG dG FdG GdG SEG S b

G QGb QhU H dG GdG IQOe dGh f kaf ,jOH Uh e
.dhdG FG
jM dhdG bdG Ice QhU H jdG Y d QX hCG dP AL
Gbh RcQS f fdG Fd H qLJ c h .fdG 1 EG J Id
SEG S qYJ HGW UdG Y jdG JHV UGJ dG JdG M
,WG eCH FG d HdG hdG LJ YGh ,dH adG c
.e Vhd HGd LdG Y c ,CG GdG NG d :VCGh
e aQ H dG dG Y RcQS H Uh e SEG S Yh
HG IFdG EG IQTEG ,aGQ f e GFW AGd fa U GdG
fG b HGd H jQH dhM dGh ,SGO cT J dG fdG
H J dG U C e kVZ c GPEG kHe ,GdG V VfG
iHCGh .Gj d fC AT CG j d hOG ,e J CG a W
Jh Vhd dG dG OGSG - AGOdG H X dG - dG FdG
.jL QSO Y YEG Mh HfGh WGdH UG dG de

FGSE e e G RdG HfCG N jL QfG

jha EG Oj aJ Lg
WdG e dG H
IOd ``` ` d ``` jh``` ` dG ``j``` ` ` dG ``V``Y
eCG OdG EG aJ Lg jhdG FdG
M ``S``cG``c Q`` N ````j```j``e Q``` e ``` KG
e ```dG H ``JO``Y Y AGQRh dSG ``c
.fag WdG
``` ` j `` Q ```a````J CG ``j``` ` ` dG `` ` cPh
d KG ``j X H SFdG b aT
.WGe
e hCG YdG (eY 56) aJ O``Yh
200 icdH jha MG e j b dG
Ff GhL SdG bh .fSEG Y OdG S
.Wd FdG IOH AGS f FdG
YdG Oj gh aJ iNCG d VhCGh
.hSc hDhGQ HdG

ch -HGW

SGh jCdGh aGdG IdG L MG

.fJh e YH ``M``WCG ``j```dG ````dG
``L````MG ````jCG ``jG``a 20 ``c``M ````fh
.G e cCG AdG QGdGh HdG UdG
.cQG OGY be GjJ g fch
gT fCG HdG RjhQ SGe MCG bh
e IY Y GH WdG J fi 4000
NGdG IQGRH hDG bh .eG QfG e
b AdG QG``dG h .1500 G O``Y CG
MG GcQT 20000 EG ``jG``a 20 Af
G A````YCG `` MCG ``b a .A``````SG ```Y
H ``e ``g````e 8000 ``` g ``c `` fEG ````G
IQGRH hDe bh .FhG G e e
AdG QG`` dG Gh``g```J 20000 EG NGdG
.UEG jCd

d TCG e e LMG fJh e

.ASG e hCG fc MCG j LMG
P ```fEG jQSdG G`````dG h``jD` e ``bh
MQh .HdG dG WGdG UEd
IdG fah ``HhQhCG OG ASG H
.jQJ fH Uh dG HdG jQSG
ie EG gJ GdG CG N bh
Y IdG d cJ fC j H
dJ h ,````j``dG ``j`````dGh ``a``dGh `` `eCG
he gh dG Y ``bh .eG OdG
QGG CG W eY 42 dG e j GQY
CG b IQdG YCGh QMCG dGREG EG j
fEa UEG GH ``fCG VCGh .``VQCG j
.jSdG e OdG J hH Kj
cM `````ah ``` G ``HQ``` G ``` ZCG ````jh

jQSO ``j```J Y ``HQ```G `` dBG ```MG

d j H ie EG gJ fEG Gdb
hjDj jdG jgG O``Y EG ``b hDe
.ba GdG
SOdG ```fi ```G ``H```G ``g```dG ````Sh
ASG e dhDe EG JS H
QNG ``fCG Y i``NCG HY d ```dEG J
Le j CG ASd c e GPEG CH
.G dG HdG HdG VfG
MUEG ``jCG ```a ````NG``dG IQGR`` d ````Wh
ASG G``J```U ``j``dG ``e H 98^5 ```G
bQCG EG dj VQe d ,G j
.J
W edG d M fi QSh
UdG T Gec 450 G``M H Y
GM c .Pc NGdG jRh EG Fb Ggh
GbG jOU EG Fb Ggh ZQa jOU
cQG OY RjhQ SGe Qbh .ZQa fc
d .10000 G```H H IO```e H ``M
1000 g c fEG b NGdG IQGR``H hDe
MG H ,jG a VQG ge e
S ``d``N ``bh .jd ``j``jD`e 3000
Zj Gfc fEG VQG Ie QT dG
ASG H M ``fCG gOe dSQ ```SQG
g J h .jOLe dGj fEa OG
M SdG jH WT ``LQ Y ``FO CG
.IG
SG dG VQG jGa 20 cM Jh
YH ``M``WCG ```dG ```V````fG ``e ``` dEG

RjhQ -HO
dG MCG G Uf dG Y KG eCG d QJ dG IG U f
QeCG QGSGh dG CGh Mh QhV eCG hdG c UEG EG db jdG AGRdG FQ
.SdGh jObG MUEH Je
HG MCG U dG jdG eCG j e YSCG H Uf dG jJ AL
.jdG eCG Oj T CG e e hJ d OH CG e dG
f H - OJ d IOhfi Gge dG d Qe cCG HGQ jdG Th
.eh fJ FQ SG dG J e T LMG - dG YLG jYdG
:jOdH KG dG gCGH dG G dL e d Uf dG bh
``a{ :```VCGh .zMh QhV ``eCG h``dG c ```UEG Y C`H eDf f{
ANdG fCT ``e SSh jObG ``M```UEG hO ``e H CG QGSGh dG
UEG H GS e J G hdG hO CG YG{ :OSGh .zd
.zHd G iG aJ dN e YSG jQL
e G HQCG CG QhO GQe N f fE N Y jdG eG YCG jj h
.f FGZ Mh e T Y LEG G dG M
jM WG dG ``G WMG e G IY Y dG jdG aJh
hCG eG OfG Y hc Dhj M jOdG :e G hO bH e ``cCG SS
.cG ISCG OGaCG
GOf 2006 Y dH jdG eCG c CG e eM HS SCGj dG Uf dG VJh
.dG d AadG fL e a J VQG e Y

eCG{`H JCJ jfjdG HfG

FdH j Gh zQGSG
RjhQ -fH
dG gG HfG dH KG eCG dG fjJ L b
TCG GJGhT cJ G fjdG AGQRdG FQ M M
H MWEG e HGVH HG dG OdG QGSH GQT
.GYCG N b fG
dG e j H fG jh G eG adG jRh bh
FQ T GJGhT j YJ dG J jH M M dG
e NdG ``Y Y G ```JG G ``f``j```dG AGQR`` dG
e T dG Gh jhGH GG bh .IjG eG J
jdG jdG IOdG e e gh cQCG g FQ e b
Y hG ZGQ Z G G cDhCG 2006 Y cH GMWCG
.HfG Ff j G Rjhd bh .H G QGhOCG
edG HfG IFdG j KG j YCG fL eh
H YJ dG J jH M IOH GMCG N e FG J
aj dG e G 60 f Y JSh gG Ra e j
N WG dG HfG OYdH AadG e jb be d
.HfG M

CGdG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

GY M OjEG.O
fOGQCG c d JcSh JGOH f CG d gh
?TMh dh He c G
M ``` TCG ``````dG b I`````d ````f CG ``` ``gh
?jG OG YGU
GdRj CG MG fGG FGdG UC gh
? dG dG iMEG LCG e gFGZ iMEG Y
UNEGh JOYh G gL CG eDf CG gh
dh Yh SQc dG ffEG dG g d
? fWh ffQ N hCG FGR jO ge
INBGh fdG IG H fEG MQ CG eDf CG gh
? fC Geb e SfCG c d CGJ Ie MQ
OJ dG G dSQ M g e f CG gh
? IdG ffEG b e EG AT c e
dG `` ShQ`` dGh ``` ` ` SCG G``` ` Y . `` gh ..`` `gh ..`` `gh
c RhJ dG dG IGG g gjG J dG dGh
,bGY ICGc UN Mh H ,dGh G SQ dCG
e J ICG`` eG ,```e ``c I```G ICG`` G QhO ``g``L d
.LdG e GL c b GQOG Yj
GeQ J CG ``jQCG ``fCGh ,GO``a j SH ```dG Ch
cd ,SH HCG a e c IGGh bGdG ICGd
e LCG Y d SG ae Y j h ,LCG a
.e Y SG fG ,aa VQCG Y G N
d dG dG Yh QahH**
ayadabc@live.com

bG```Y ICG````eG

Y H jhP e QOd hdG AJh ,ICG``G e ae

,LMh GRY gTCG EG eJh ANQ GdG cCG e gdGh
ZQ ah Lh S a H EG gaQh JOY a
a Y H Ie hCG dh Jbh a IG HU
d ,QZW aah dG Y fZ fG ah
TG H YQNG h eJ ah jL a eCG f
HLEG LCG e ,MhdG dGh OG dG H GdG M
fEG gG cG c gh EG ,U GDS Y
f CG ``dGh SdG edG Gg dEG UdGh
.ffEG dG e dH eeh UY fG QU HCG
J d Jc GQhdG e BG GY e Hh
QhO Fe QG```e S Je Y f ``h e
IG IeCc ejCG QOa .!!! SQ U gOLh d
IG YRj WdH Ve ```WCG Yd ```Gh
a UGJ dG bdG ,Qf d gYdh .NCG edG
.eG dG KHh JSGQO
IG Cd NBG YJ efH EG J dP EG aVEGh
d ``gQ``` bh `` `VQCG ``g`` ``j ``c ``M``dG ````d
VGh ``Gh dG ``M ```TCG ```J T EG IYG
.Id NCG edH G jdG dDhG dh QGdGh
HdG jQJ GdG AdG J c Y S Q
GjJ Cc iNCG CG h Fjch gOLh eSEGh
L dG dG ICG``G ``e IQO``f dM ``eCG ```dG d
fEG ggL cG EG J dGh AdGh G Y
:gh CG f b QNG ,dG bh
? ffEG G fh GdG Rhf CG g

TY dG bGdG ICGd ae P EG H Oj GY
S fch ,``cGh QTGh HHh eS e ,GdGh LO H
BH jQdG c NJh ,dG GQG J jgL
fKh Fjch dL Uh Ie ``jGh``dGh dG
.OhM H bJ dG QGdG M iNCGh geh FcP
AGS Oh``M ``H Ad G G EG ```J``cGP a
UCG dh ,H hCG M hCG ``LhR hCG ``NCG hCG ,CG fc
MEGh ```G ``ZQ `` jCG ``e ```Y ````Hh``Y S ``Y ````dG
Ae S aY eY EG HhdG d S LCG h dGh
QR e H H e ch,jdG HdG GdGh LO
M ,Mh GN e VQCG e j e ch ,Kh OQhh
.cdG gdG GdG GJ Hh H eCG
ICGG KBe e c fL EG g jL AH ``JBG Q
fc ``h ,``` Gh ```dG `` ```cG ``fCGh UN bGdG
a QY HdG dBG e G jhY iMEG bGdG
:bGdG dG g cCG jhY d Lh
eR ``JQO``Z ,````W ``gh G``` dG G`` J QO`` Z ```fG ``ZQ
e ````d``c ,IP``` ` ` dGh C` ` G ``jQ``` dGh OG`` ` Gh ``` ` dG
HdGh M ej bJ fG EG bGdG h bGdG
c jdGh G d j CG a ,G e LCH dEG
ddG ``a````dGh ``a```Gh ````G ``e G```c A````a ```d M
bee fe ddG JGOH Uh M ,IZdG IGh
T hO ``gh ,````YCGh ``G ``MG``L dG M ``gCG
HdG IQG``e ``ZQ jdGh Yh Y aJh G e VQ
.Jbh
Pd IjY ceCG dG g QJ CG g EGh

```V ``e If```G ```e ```dEG

?```````G J```dG ```T

KGG GDS
EG dUCG h
( 2 - 1 ) ? jCG

OdG ge H M
dG S
aJ e g dG dG QEGh QG dG GP G CG AGe
cBJ X eSEG jdH dG C ,O``G e ``KG``G jV
eCG bCG Y HY c e j dG jdGh edG jdG
AGS Le fc kjCG NBG HhdG hCG GdG KEG LCG e ,je
Y O``e e X kGe G``g ``c EGh ,jdG hCG ``jO``G fY
.IUG KGG e AGQh J dGh kHZ IUG Id
dG ``` JhQP H HZ jQM ee ``Y IQ```Y ``KG``G CG ``G
edG dGh dG GSH eDJh IOe Y IQY dG iJ Y SdG
jGa ,````M ``ah J YLG ``gG```dG ``e gc ``gh ``bG``dG ``e
d cGeh Y SdG ```dG IhQ``dG ```Hh Y SOdG ```dG ``e
IQH j YO hCG IhdG dG RfG M e AGS ,SCGdG
j CG dG dG fEG M e dG J Y FdG dG
G dG M Y Qhj cM T N e fhe H b
jdG Le e OdG j GHh ,G QfGh d gX Rh``H
M EG g Gg ,G G R``eQh ``YEG gQe jH Le He
dM dG HdG G Oj dG Gh YLG dG W c
Y dG fG CG EG d kGce fEG c eH IOe EG dG KGM
CG Vj KGa ,a aGh ``NCG e OSG N e dG
CG IgL Uh LJ fCG c ,dN e kbaBG J H GdG VQJ
eGY c J Y KGH FYOH G bH Y KGG IYO j
jdGh dUCG g Jh dG Mh e dH a ,adGh jdG
jdG Le ``eCG G g d jdG LG hCG dUCG Ea
C W e Sj adG KhQG LGe Y cj dG ,dG
ANG Ie cM g ``KG``G dh NBH hCG H g ``dG dG
AT c f a FGO j dG dj dG dG GO e dHh dG
JKhQe hCG Le Y dG j dG SdG ddG Y dG H
gdGY QcdG j c fCG Gh ,eSEG aK af e Ggh
jdG e H e RG``J ffEG eSEG ee EG LH G
a dGh fEG b Y a dch ,YLG dGdGh jdG b Hh
G OJh dUCd QhO b g BG hG GDdGh jJ h GaEG
? OdG jM Q g Gg ,JaNG IYGe N e

G af fC dG We bH ISCG
CG T Y M AGS eG g Y JG
.G f JG fG
V ``e ``` J ``` dG ``W`````d ``d``NO ``` Yh
T b ,dG iJ GedG jH dG
MQ gh ,dG Y j de S Y
Jg aGQ bGh NBG hCG ,dG HV
j Yh d T Y MH G
N ``e `` `cCh I``f``` G `` g ``c ,``` ` ` dG ``e
.AGdG Ggh dG g EG j MCG h GS
dG `` `g `` c Rh`` ` `` b `` ` `dG G`` ` `H
VGQCG e e c JG eN UCGh
JGe OJh gS Nd H J OJh H
JG T fG ``e f G``f fh
.JG c JQG HG h ,jG
zjHe{ cT WCG a ,``G G``g dEGh
``e``N `` gh eLife { ``e``N ``jO`````dG
YH `` f`` fE`` H `` ` ` JG `` e ``e``` ` ` ` G
fdG `` j`` H ``` ` e 200 EG ``` ` J `` ` `d`` Y
h I`` ` `LCG hCG `` ` `SCG EG ``L``G hO ``````S
.. ``jO`````dG ```H```dG `````G AG`` `LCG ````L J
eN J dG hCG cdG d zjHezh
JG cT S M .. FdG dCG
jeQ QSCH FdG dCd H jOdG
fdG jH e 100 EG J YHh
VG G```H `````G ``dDh````G ``Y``f ```g ``e
e G``f``Y WGG C ;HGh dG je EG
Gg ````J ``` eC` jh ,`` YQP G``b```V h `` eCG G``g
dG IdG X aCG EG VdG
Y NCf M JGQ j dGh ,JG
.dG cdG

gadG ``` ` ``` e``` G O`` ` `G `` `ZQ

SCJ `` N ``e ,O`` ` dG `` HQ ``c ``WG``` ` d
CG ``` LG``e ```Y IQO`` ` bh ,```e````e ````S```SCG ````H
AHdGh GQGh fGGh dG c ,Q``W
e ````JG T CG ``ZQh ,````JGh ```Gh
fC ``WG``G ``` L``M ``` ``` dG ``e``G `` gCG
e jdG d Jh Q``eCG e dG Y J
N e gQJh CG Sb c ,YCG
c ZQh ,``bCG Jh H JG T aJ
```fEG EG ,````JG ```dG ````gCG ``g
dG ```H ````J ``fO``H I```c ``W```e h
a Ic We CG G eh H ,G
Y G G dj BG EG e
eh b e ``eCG h jG JG eN
Y ``c 40 EG 30 G``M WG ``g J PEG ,H
e Ie IfG jdG SCdh ,UdG ce
. jG JG T OLh GfGh V
WG ``g `` gCG ``e I``````G ```H```G `` ZQh
cT ``` Y OO`` ` `dGh G`` e`` ` `dG `` j`` d ``` H``` dG
dG aQh (SQdG ,jHe Y) JG
N ``e ``cCG ```eh ````JG J g EG
a ``` ` j ``d``M ``` Y ``` V``dG CG EG G``` ` S
AGL GdG ``g c WGG Vj a ,cS
cT M WGG gj dG FG g
jS ``j``G ```e EG ```M``HQCG J ````JG
d ``j```J ``` ``e``bEG ``Y I``L``Y ``` Jh
d GcG b H gCG Qf ,JG
cT JJ SC ``g CG bMh WGG
.JG
g j ``e E` a GP hCG dG G``g ``cCG AG```S
eG ``g aJ YhG b de

QdG f
!j
JGdG H VQ H
G Z ddH fj e hCG dG e dCG Fe GM
dY H jdG j h !SdG FMEG ah Gg ,dG
jOQ a .Rd eJ dG edG QGhOCd Gf e ``Z
d jYQ h G e ddG h edG ICGd
G``J ``gh LhdG b NJ dG Ida .WCG HdG Y
j a a EGh ,bWEG dG IQhO NJ h ,ddG gY e
d j a YCG Y NdG OH fC Gf cJ e hP
L ,GQdG ceCG Y a HG aQ GhCG bGe ae
. Ije Y d IYe EG M
e f ,``JGP dG e G``J h J dG J jCG
,dG g dG ``bhCG dH jdG J IYe EG LG
Hh ,W ``f ``bhCG e J dG LhR ``fh ef ``bhCG dHh
e e h`` dG ```j CG j ```dGh ,JjU ``e ```J ```dG `` bhCG
OdG bhh ,G eGdG Ige bhCG f h ,jCG FbUCG
GSCG hCG GOdG ij CG OYG b e jdG dh .dG
dG CG eJ ,YGQP Y L W gh IYG
G Ie a e dG e hCG G LGh SJ dG
T fOCG hO eh dH .WCG W id gQhO J H IOdG
H a .QhdG j eY dG H H W NCJ S fEa
OGR b ddG g gCG EG H ?e Z dY fCH dJ Y
J I``MGh !e KG jd ``jCG ``g dG e jdG CG H
Jch Heh ,dG Y i``NCGh ,```VG``ZCGh ``JGhOCGh G Y e
!Ia H S dG hCG
jdG gAeRh jHdG IQK Qh Zh ASG M LCG d
AdG e MdG UCGh ,IJSCG dhCG C ,FdG SCG e Y
hDT Y GTEG ddG g Y dG OYG h Fb jd
CH ``LCG O`` cCGh .Q``` dG ``eh OdG ```d VGSG ``dh``M ``dh ,dG
hg ihT Id Gf ,eCG jHdG CGQ EG S WdG RL
AGL jdG dG dH FGL bh Y a edG
e OOJ hCG G H OLd hCG ,jjCG ddG JGdG OLh
dG Y HG ae OOJ hCG RG Y j c a GQdG
J c CG EG .jCG AG h h```dG ``bhCG a ejh IH IQh```G
c CG ZQ ddG d MG d aGO hJ CG J YG
Y gf ,jJ jdG e BG EG J jCG g e IMGdG L
G GeCG GS FSh g GQfG J fMCGh ,jG QfG
.H d jCG dG Gg e Zda ,Lh Z L Vd
..dh
g H cd dG j dG e fG ffb K CG d GPe
J dG J QG``Z Y YdG H IO```G ``VG``ZCG dh ddG
: ?jQdG SDd J Y
e Wh ``LhRh hR e J dGh TdG SCG e %80 CG
QjEG M Y a a EGh ,e f IM dd aj e G
.ddG gH
e IMGdG L K CG d J jCG TdG SCG e %80 CG .dG Rhj
70 H dG JGdG Gg J CG J jCG SCG J e %80 CG .ddG Y jT jQ 80 EG
dG OdG S J CG feEH TdG SCG J e %80 CG YJ CG IG ad h ,W e e jdG gOSEGh ddG Y
.cCG dWCG JdhDe Y a SCG g
j CG e Yd e dT GSG Y E` a ,Yh
g LGJ Id L e ``cCG LGJ dG RB` G e jd Lf LY
.dG ddG
W ,bCG QjEH e e ,IjY aGhda ,bCG Y f fYO
hdG Y dG ZH ,cCG QNOd Ua ,TCG jdGH Jj
j dGh dG Ua ,bCG dH FGL bh Ua ,bCG
gZh...hJ jMCG e jdG dGh GdH djh JG EG
.dG
mohammed@alroya.net

RGHE Me
jQdG hQG
d
GdG SL H OY

imadalbahrani@gmail.com

dG gGHEG
h ,HdG J e c Sh L
q H GNDe
dh dEG J CG a OhS gJ h OhM g fCG
Ge fG Yh QdG Y M J ITdG G e
W ffEG Igc e edG j hCG IeG Fd
NG OLh gh da ,HJh LJ EG a
Y I``` Ff ``d - OYH dG ````dG H
bd I``Y``e ``` j `` bh ,``` ` ` dGh ``j``` dG i`` G `````G
q dG fEG j CG q `H a ZdGh
QXCG ef e
q dG ````fEG NCH
e jjh ``e fL Y G
ae L J hCG Tjh j eY H j d
b EG M YJ H Jh jjG aJ eh
.JjM Sh
gQhO jd eYEG FSdG SQ CG jCGH j
Zh ``````dG `` Yh `````L``Jh ``` WG``G J ``Y```dG
gG H ```H``dG IQGRh ``Y````G j CGh ```dG
G IO``L``G ``a```NGh G``dC``H SQG fCGh
e G ``j``NBG G``MG Y ```LCG HJh dG
TdGh QGG HOCG HcEGh H gGh dGh dG AGS
AdG ie Y Gh`` fh G``D` e ``e``bEGh dG
A````dG
q
H ``MGh QU T db dG d d Gh
Ge ce f dG dG
N CG LGe aGh dH f dh ,aCG f
eG
q ``g - ``FG``YCG PEG ```NG ``g``h da , O``b
g ``dG NG O dh ,q dGh bdG EG Gh
dG S e W S
ibraheemajmi@gmail.com

o
q l W ```NG
! H

ZQ Qd jb SSCG j ( GdG j CN Z CGQh

dd JdGh YG
dG ``eCG G``HCG q jh ,NG
q
.YGh G
OLH GYH CGj NG e eCG edG GN EG
W Y Sd J K eh hCG G ffEHh NG
dG e GO`` jQM Y jJ jJh Qe Z
e NG g j CG Gh dG e a ,dGh
J - bCG Y - j hCG Y jG j h MGdG G
FJh e c JQhV Y HJh OLH TdG
bdGh ,QG cdH dGh d j C
WGeh ,JHOCG e K eh e G jdG Y
jdG MdG e gGhL Y ZQ aG jda ,J
Sh SdG Na ,```NG Y J ``b ```b``NCGh
. dG ddG gh IMGh f EG - jCGH ODJ
OdG iG Y dh ;he M NG CG U
dG j ``H `l `LGh a YG iG Y ``eCG a
YdGh G ```c ``` dG ```j````dG h``` T ``e ``W```T
eEG Qb N S EG Ud OGaCG e fGh
j jObGh SdGh YLG cG e
e Ggh ,eh Y dY dh e Al L fCG a OdG
ASG hO Oa c cQe Y jG HdG G id
.H Ya hP Gfj d OGaCG gCH GdGh
eh HdG J Y jG Ve eCG
GOdG ``` NG ``e `` YG`` fCG ``` g C` `H ```T ``a ``` ` dG
J CG``Hh eSEG ``gG``Gh FdGh jdG LdGh

14

o hj
HG Y ( NG ) e OHEG MUG H
jdGh o jdG g - jCGQ M Na ( q dG ) Y
YdGh QdH j S a dG eCGh G hCG dG
NG eCG ,Nd L S f gh G H
.adG j rCG jh he a - q dG hO
q rCG - FGYCG q H NG Y jM
rCG hCG Vf
dG qC fEG j eh dG eh H ITe bY
aG cGh dG h dJ KhM e g H MGh
g ) a d dh d f ZCG gh
eh ) jG SdG H dG H AL dG gCG ( NG
FGgCG H ( H H dG ``gA``L ``e H ``e EG GbJ
hdG H Ge NG j bh ,Jh gh
. GGh dG hdGh dG feEGh jOdG
H dG Qq ``J `` eCG ```F``Y d ``` NG CG
o ```dG j
o
S gOYh G SSCG g O``Lh gh Y dG
gdGh ,je LGhORGh JbH d iOj dG fY
j d eh e Na ,HdGh adG bh j
dh IOG Jjfh d qQMh e J EG dG
.dG e gG G dh ,jdG Y Y IFa
OJ ( fc hCG U jCGQ hCG U jCGQ ) IYb EG
j CG a ,e QN ( U q ``dG ) ` a bGh J
jh IMGh Gh MGh Gh MGh dG
q qC GMGh dG
d ``c``jEG hCG ``fEGh ) G f d Y ``Lh q `Y G
J CG dMG J hCG Ia a ( e V hCG ig
CG j G```U ``jCGQ ) QH e Nh

aG dG ``jQ```H ``j````dG ```Y I````T``dG ``e```G ``U``M ``e ``b```fG

gJ ```S ```fCG iQCG ```dGh ,VGG ``M```G H dG j ,G``````H
jQH G dG T jJh ,dG A```HCG i``d jQdG YdG f
.jdG dG
dG ``jQ```dG Y ```G ``d OGh IdG eG GO``` ``Z``a
AGVCG J EG LH Gj jdG jQJ CG EG LQNh NGO H jdGh
.dG Gg ddG MG gJ bh ,Y
:MG d VY j ah
SSCG LG cG j H jQdG SGQd SHb dG ce AfEG
h ,SHb dG eL GTEG cG j CG Y ,oY jQJ Kd
.dG GP G e gZh dG dG
IcGdG ) e (ffEG) dhdG eG T Y hdEG be AfEG
dG jQH ```dG jJ ```H ,QdG ``Y ```Y jQH j (fodG
.Y d IH j CG Y ,jdG
G FKdGh WGh dGh ``LG``G Y jQJ e AfEG
NGO AG```S dG ``jQ```dG MdGh SGQd ne d ,dG jQH
.LQN hCG dG
dG jQJ a bj ,dG jJ T hCG YSCG efH J
jQdG e MHh ``O``cCGh NQDe aSG ``N e ,JQMh
.dG
H ,IRQH fY T hCG dG jQdG e Ia hJ jS Ihf ebEG
.OcCG dGh hdG e MdGh NQDG e f IhdG J
MG ``` Yo ``jQ``J RG`` `HEG EG ``` J ```` ``````a ````jQ``J ``` QG``` UEG
.kfhdGh bQh J CG Y,G
Y cG H dG jQdH jS jQJ He J
.jQdG jhJh Hc fdG MdG e
dG ``e ``g``Zh jQdG HH IFdG dGh ```SGQ``dG fh W
GQG``` UEG ``g jd ee N ```Vhh ,dG ``jQ```H G dG
.LQNh dG
LCG e jdG G QdG -e kH ` hCG MG g iJ CG ke
.dG ddG
.dG AGQh e Gh
dGh HdG IQGRH jQdG e
imadalbahrani@gmail.com

15

iDhQ

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

jDhQ

fdG d hO QM

eT jObG ej
dGh ad jDhdG SDe gQJ

KQGh GdG YH G IdG dhdG fCGh ddG gQM dG cDJ

k G ,aG YdGh dG
KGG CGh ,H H UG jdG Y aG gCH e fE
jL e Id gH UdG S ch ,dG KhQeh fdJh JGOH J CG
k
edG dH dG QJ Yh ,WdG Gg AHCG e Om a c ch IcGP GQ
j M
jH fS je G aG Yd dG fS Le da aG Yd
e GTEGh hdH dPh ,dj T e TdG Mh edG e IdG N jeCG ef
.TGH ad SHb dG ce
jJ H e q d ,dG dG LG Gg dG cQe dEG eQ Ic OHCG dg
GAdH jdG EG aVEG ,hdGh bEG iG Y aG Yd jhdGh jdG eGH
aG YdG aG e Od M VhY J N e dPh ,fdG aG
YdG EG aVEH ,dGh dG dGh jdGh dGh dG G Zc
c ,IQG aG YdG e IOe P Y dG L QGnhR WEG fL EG ,jQdG
jQdG bdG EG aVEH IG fdG SG e Ye eGH jDhd QGhd UdG S
.fdG
Ol GeG jeCG ef jH fS je aG Yd edG dG O``Lh EG
KhQeh JjGH hdG G jJh bdG WJh GQjdG OJ fL dG Md FGQ
Im M aKh NO
m Qe fch ,jW Im d f fdG c dGh G aG JYUh
.d dH
dP ch ,jNBG f e IOSGh GG OJh QG QGG Y l e fdG SdG
US aG Yd edG dG CG a T h , G dGh jdG Y j
J dG dhdG SDGh dG YG G``Gh QdG Y ``WEGh IOSG Y
.aG YdH
e VG IQh``dG dG L M dG adG dG g ,CdG Gg cP j h
IQdG QNG Yh ,G Y LG QGhR b e jdG bEG N e dP q bh ,LG
Gd hdG LG QT d aM iODJ gh dG L V fdG aG iME RHCG
.HdG LG IQhO cQd IYdG d J N dhO hCG dG fc c ,dG
Me Y e dG G c ,aG YdG J l Ve dG EG dG jh
.jW
m k M dG aM J Mh ,dG hQ e AGj G JYU jJ e IjL

IQGOEG FQ
jdG ``FQ

`` FdG M H ``JM
jdG

24479885 :Jg
info@alroya.info

ObG
206 , 234 :

businessdesk@alroya.info

G
239 , 242 :

localdesk@alroya.info

VjdG
244 :

sportdesk@alroya.info

fYG
24479888 :Jg
ads@alroya.info

cGTGh jRdG
24479886 :Jg
24479889 :ca
``jRdGh `YdG

Jc f Lh Y Gh IjG CGQ Y IQhdH J IQG AGQBG

jQS Y GdGh GjEGh cJ

Q eCG QGH AeR

M HCG OGDa
j ch ?jdG Yeh UdG H CG GQdG VGe d c
GY j GP``h ?bGQ MV T AGT c K Rhj IQS CG IjL he
j j eg U e IYH AdG IFe Y HdGh dG dhDGh SdG
?dG H j jdG Hh YCG LQh SS e dH GYd
Fd GQe dG AJCjh AeEG Aj U j c ...J e c e gCG
?ic SD hCG jRd hCG eM
d , "QdG" S GKdh G GeG e IM dG dG g J SCG
.HdG hdG c ,Ic OGYCH Q ,hOLe fCG TCGh OQCG gGQCG
UTCG AZ g CG ,aG eG EG j a AcP g g ..IG JM S YCG h
?YJ Lh
,adG id dGd G OGSH e eCG j Qh ,dG H a bGdG
Aj ,OdG AS jQdG ```dCG e jh ,``YG AS j ``dG da
HG UCG FGb h HdG S SG Sj CG H dG hCG dG Tjh jS
AdG AdG hj f U ge j dG SdG hCG hDGh .dG IG
d , M e Jh ,AU e dG dG dG jj IM Cc Hb hCG
.MG OeQ e j Y Je M j bhG ADg
ILCGh ``G ``SCGQ dh UdG Id N eY HdG ``YEG J ..f fYO
hCG WT EG jdG FQ j CG He QU eY ae e YEH MW eh ,eCG
j dG dCG CGj eh .ISdG jZCG jh jdG e j YCG LQ id U EG
.J S j YEG U Y dhDG
,IdG jY Y d b e U YG U YCG ADg MCG CG jdG bQG e d
d e WT d ,dH .SS EG j CG Qb fCG M SCGQ Q``eCG ch
Hc Y IQdG CG e dh ,FeEG ANCG hHh S H HdG j CG SdG
MhWCG dG N Gd !IdG g G C jOQ d J CG j Qh ,YGHG dG
,HS eCG hDe e OGQCG a ,Y fc dG CG dG dG d ,gfh dG
.GOd bdG G j fC ,Qj M e eP d
c dG Y EG IOdG BG M j dG dG c e NBG dG Gg c
.dG dG cT
,eGh aG adG e GbG YCG LQh eCG LQh SSh dhDe j
MG ```Yh QdG ``Y j G``d ,e ``cCG fCH ,``dP ``` ``gh ,hj ```fC
.edGh dG bL Gd gDG dGh
fG AD` g ```j eY ,dc eh ``L`` h```j ``eCG ```dh ,``dP Y ``VG``YG
!AeR gQYH
e j c gDhSG OJ Y G a ,dP XCG ?edG Y hJ be g
.OdG
d eGMG fCG fCa ,dP YCG ?"AedG" ADg Y e Z ASG SQeCG g
.a JJSCh
fQc e MCG h ,jdG YQeh UdG H eG JJSG e MCG CG bCG CG H
.AY dh e EG
Fuad616@yahoo.com

,iNCGh qan Mp ,qLfEG ,qfSEG ,qFGT ,qcSG ,qfGM ,qYGQR , np oeh eY

a ,eGoGh
q ep n dG t p Jo
p oG dG h ICGG Yd dG TQhh GQdG
q ,qedG oLMG gnOq J c fYE
,qJGSGh m q Y LM
oJ Gh
m
m G o q Jo
fEG m jq Oq eh m jq Hh m q q a Am f Op Lh ib p h ,fEG Ya qJ FSh h
p
Jp LCGh Jp SDq eh p dhqdG GTE
p G n ,Jp GNqeo h n SCG nr h n q ojh fn Qr op j jQe
.qSq dG
n
qCG kY ,ISdGh Ip MoG GSCGh p q dG p jq Oq G p ` eRCG u X o jQG q J c
q m jq b m dhO :HQCG An cH Je nq dG
Ybh
, uLoe m q fhJ YH
,OhH m Ne
m
m
,e qUN
? Ybh
m
p dG hO
p GP
p WGe bGh p J EG Jp Mh p q gCGh gGhH oBG g r J
?s oG dq dG
m Gh l Jh ShQe
SC
?LqQoe GH
o g
l
l J j
m
?qfhdG q V e

Jh
,OhOd HMh
SS
S
g
q
m
x
x
x
m
?qG g Qp hr n H bEGh p bG c
p q ho qp feEGh eq
p G p aq J d g
Lh
n o
q eh An GN ep BG g o jJo m qgDe Qn OGch ,Y nP Op Lh d g
p
?M qfhq dG SG
ogJo h ,oHJo UNG
p
m
q
q
?Fq dG WG

dGh
dG

dG

eYE
p
p
p
q
q G QrhO aq J d g
bGdG p d ,SQ Cp G Y oJq j ,p p bGdh WGd p oe Im Ue m ZU o jq CG
?aCd
nj JGq dG Aq dG je o M e ..GkNCGh
?ddG ep n fojh qeLh qjfK GOT
m
?qfhq dG g qJ g
xyzamara@hotmail.com

YEGh dGh ad Y SDe

dG GVQ
GNEGh ,H SM eh ,H SdG SEG cM e
.eh OQCH G
Iq Gh ,cdG LQG jRh ,ZhCG JGSG qCG m gh hC GH d
GJCG qEG H .GjEG o YoJ UG Yh ,kGMCG o YoJ ce U
GW H qJo dGh dh GdG hDH fGjEG e FGO
m Qm ho J Y GhH
Sd ke jRGdGh cJ NJ a . hdG G
q Y hdG Gh
kLYfG fGjEG XCG ``eh .G
q GP CH h``dG Gh G``jEG H
Y FGSEGh jQS H m S JG EG UdG cJ rdhM eY q EG kGRQH
FGSEGh SM H jL e GdG fGjEG fnCG en jh .2008
K .cJ m WSH QdG FGSEG Vho dG fGh ,IqZ M Ka
,HdG GQdG hM QdG H EGh ,SJ hCG VG of iL
q eG CG EG ,GgCG NG EGh cdGh GjEG adG H MQ
n dGh
bdG JGSG G ,```SCG jQS EG Q```dG dG G``G
dG de keo bo Gen GJCa .H G M Hdh GjE
g jQH dG de qCG Y fGjEG nq UCG H ;dH QdG
mT eh .FGSEGh l jeCG Ol HCG dh ,FdG fo G f Y Il eGDe
a .cJ AGREG J jQdGh fGjEG o eYEG dG CG``H fh
dG eYEG qcJ c ,WCG do dG l Y cJ qCG adG qcn J
HdG NGdH jdG ``c``G YJ cJ nq CG dh eH QdG
de Y cdG EG aGJh .jQdG G GNEG eh
e ,SGh UGdG
GQjRh jdGh YEG jQH UEG
o
oq
Hh .LMG cM b dG IY kLdh keCG GjEG NJ
,GdG ```fG``jEG cdG Y ``G :dM GQoP i``MEG qRo C``dG
bh H cJ EG jQdG BG A`` ``o cJ S Y ``Gh
m fK m L eh ,jQdG VQd l De fG m L a .QdG L
GY H CG GYCGh ,jQdG Ld k V m G``JCG bCG
.T AHCG e jgG b
r GaQ jdG QdG dGh OG e
fGjEG T
nq a :G j e i``L I``NCG ``jCG ``Nh
H Jd m d ,```c``dG Oh``G ``e OdG Y Q````dG G
d EG hj fCG jQdG YCG bh .1997 Y e adG
H He g qCG QYH ,AdG cM jEG H ;cJ e bJG
!dG fL e LdG
cG Y k YGh kb j jQdGh fGjEG qCG BG Rn QdG qEG
N e dG NGdG Y j c ,QdG NGdH LMG
.Y GG b c FMh ceCG YRE mMGh md GP m eM J
e dhdG G``WCG e jQS d gOL a
G``JCG ``eCG
q
.fK m L e jOdGh e eh ,L
dG dG e dc r o Jn rCG H Gd k MS jQS OY d
hJ CG a ;``jQ```S G`` jEGh cJ ``H G````dG X ch .```V``G
.iNoCG mGHh ,iNoCG me ,eOdG HSCG e ge
radwan@hotmail.com

q H eb dG Wq dG OhOe e .GQOdG
hq dG dGh q n G G oe
q LEG
?bp T hO
p dGh Sq dG iG Y ,eCH G
q
m q HjEG m SGq dG m q ffEG gQp GhOCH ,G o Jo dG jdGh Qp hG sgCG Io CGG t Jh
p jJh Jh
J
vYLG p Jh G
p
p p dqdG p cQG p q q gCG p dH ,IFGq dG
p
G a Jp SCr G p GvL m jq QhV m q LfEG m fCH o J PEG ,vjQMh vaKh vjObGh
o
e oSJ m b Um n ao h Im gR Qm ``LGC h ,VJ
H
dh ,ISCG p jYQh qObG
m
WME
qdGh qObG q q dG jJh
p G EG qOD`j q ,Jp LMG YGJo h gOp
p
Y ne n YGh ,1995 Y p q dG
q p UdG a n fG HGq dG dG
q
s n DG qEa ;Gd ,dG
Ik Oq n HGJ oq J
qdG e Ap q dG d ,H
,dG ,ObG ,d
m
p
SGh hq`dG hq dGh qdG eGSGh ,GQGdG PJG , qdG
q ,dG
t ,jQdG
.dG

,Jp Wfh Ip CGd L

p J aJ EG J oq fhq dG
p q oG Ap q dG p K jJh
p q dG jC
p
qbp qbp SG GQOE
p H
p Gh ,p KCq dGh bEGh qq dGh p LGG Y qJp QH , qfC
a q q dGh , qjQ qSSCG Op QGGh UdGh
eG Y Gh
, qJp GQN j
p
p
p
qJp GQe p jJh ,qpG qp dhDG p q ep qp h ,q hqdGh WdG
np r jG Y qJp M
q
m jq H m jq J m q fhJ n jQe N ep ,jc
qHjEG qp fe jJh
, qJp M ieh
m
p
q
q
ddG
S

dGh

dG
jJh
,n
e
Go
e m jq ObGh
q e YG hQh d YLG
q
q
qgOp jh
q
qd
dGh
QSG

b
M
Y
aq

dGh
,
q

YLG
jG
aJh
,qdG
p
p
q f jJ dHh ,qFq dG `
p SJh cG
p dG
p `e``Gh p q SSCG dG dhG
p q WdGh p q n G Ip UCG Y ,qeG p YdG G
n Hh qdhqdG p q fhq dG p cG n H
p
.qdhqdGh
q dG Y o J ,IOb an hp vWGO eh l c fe jQe qfhq dG
Y
q dG
q o qfhJ ;gG IOqe ,IOdGh
q qdhDGh
nXe
q dGh IGhGh ,qdG

c hcj jG ShCG d NQDGh SdG AY Gj e

QhU o ``Y g QcG dGh .(1972) jQS Y GdG S jJH
fCG ``f````H GQ`` M `` dCG Y ``` TCG k ` `Mh`` WoCG ``c ``bh ,``` ` dG
bh .jdG dG N jQS Y odqp De ch ,OQchCH
QG :```H``Y ``jQ`` ``H m G``` ` d k `M```S I``` dG ```J ``jQ```S ``f``c
adG FGQh eh ,(OQCGh GdG) TdG QGh ,OdG G
OGh ,gDhMh IG jdG :IOQdG G FdG dhdG
n pMo b GdG c IQcG MhWoCG S c eYh .adG
NGh ,jOdG ``e `
oq ```G Qo ```G ``nq ``Jh ,UdG Y e dd
hdG G NO H ,kMS jQS O``Y e K ,TdG do dG
ie Yh G k jce k dhO SCG aM Y QUh ,adG
Hh jQS g ``gh .G```dGh d H a MdG ``eCG .```HQCG Om Y
m
,IjL GWC
G H m Gd k MS Oo J ,HdG G GVG bo J
ql dP co Qjh
m He Y iNCGo HY hO Qh dh GdG e c
qd .PEG S c H GG KJ d .Y Im e hCG jQS e
QU bh bGa OY ,GU MS EG d jQS bGQ c LdG
Hc 1986 ``Y QUCa ,ShnCG dGh HdG G k jce k ` dhO
GdGh SCG aM FdG GH ,hCG Hc e kGT QU dG
,VG dG fK ShCG dG qd .ShnCG dG Y
IG ``j``dG) fGh d dhdG o FdG e LN b J
ao dG ,QdG FdG qM e a GH dd .(adG OGh
keV jQS IQh```U a G``H c ,HdG eYdG Y Gq ``U G``Y e
ch .FGSEG HdG GdG c d Uo kjTh QGSd
e oq d Io ``j``G Io Q````dG CGd dG M QfG ``e ``Ho
n `` dGh ``H```dG ```dG V ``` ShCG ````dG
OG S a .``` ShnCG `
jeCG YGh ,kGQfGh kNSQ jeCG dG OGORGh ,adG
dG e iNoCG lGeh l YafG KMh .G SCG cGH
11 g H jeCG Q``bh ,SCG aM J PEG .jdGh O``G
c ,GdGh faCG dP qnh .Te mH kjY NdG S
SCG Y jQS e d fL e jQdG dG qn
.jQS Mh GjEGh jeCG H qJo dG YJ
e RGdHh dG
o
N Y JJ d Im jL Im QU J o oJ o jQG o FbdG fc
oJegG a GjEG eCq G .jOdGh ,e ,FGSEG ,cJ ,GjEG :hO
H ;a dh jQS gPf N e d G JGSG
.GdGh faCG jeCG NdG We f Vr an N eh
,JGSG JegG mGJ Y o cqp oJ cJ CGH 2004 Y eh
nq Ro hJ
Y GJCG Y a .GjEGh GdG Hh H n ddG OdG
G
nq
M bh .JGSG adG gYG ,QdG dG e mbY ebEG
Qc H dOG GQjdG GHh ,GS N ie Y bJG
H VhG cJ NJ rCG Jb e H H ,fG e dhDG
,jQS fGjEG cG jN Y cJ NO ch .FGSEGh jQS
Kh bY ebEG h ,d h GdG GjEG jN Y kjCG NO

hG ``ep J G```EG ``f``ch ,Y

q EG `q `YGQq ` dG Oo bG qn ` 1844 ``Y
q dG
l Se
Jp FYh p q d cGh p q JGh p q FGdG Oq GG Y d
q l LM fqJh ,qfHdG
p
q e m q fhJ m q L o hq CG ,"qfhq dG jJhQ OGqhQ qL" SCq a ,fG b
m Lf m o
goOH q J ;dG
,IQGOEG SCGh ,``HQCG jRJh G r L n jWh ,G``gCGh jdG
p
.e H
m G nb GkU fk cO GSCq Gh kL 16 GL ,q dG ep GY 28 q Vh
,IQhG hqd IdG fGh ,HGh dG
q n L n aq hh ,o cq q dG n SJh
q IdG
Oq GG jJh jQd
p ,qL (48) p p jq Y qV q hJ qm L Op Gq qn hCG 1863 Y n q d
o H qdGh p q FGdG
q Ap YC
n o n Fp Q ,qG ep Op G
,"jJhQ" OGqhQ n MCG oG
e GjM dj T e S qhCH vjS GMG hqdG q hdG G 1923 Y eh
vY kej 1992 Y jO L IG Cd qedG qG o YCG qK ,Y q c
n JG 2009/11/19 h ,qfhq d
dG qhq dG dG
q f :qeg k jq e k q Y GQGb
m
eRCG eh ,dG Y qdG
q Jp GKCJ e q Gh dG bdG J ,ASG hO
,dG qdeh qG qfjH "jL dH GO" ofG q 2010 Yh .qdG p jq ObG
(GQe 3) dG p q S f ep n cCG qEa jQdG Hh ,dG
FQ
p
q q hdG dd
M bh ,qdG oBG oeJ
ie Y qObG q q dG rgS k dH M
m
,SGQhg ,HdG ,dG ,Sa cQH :hO ep m c Om Y m jq ObG m q q gCH o q Jh ,Y
q
!jeG IG jdGh
YG
q W ,vjS Qm q e e 20 ep n ` cC ndGh KZEG o q Jo oq fhdG
p dG
Y e 800 ep n cCG t Jh ,dG
q Qp GbEGh Qp YEG Ip OYEG EG Jh ,qdG QGdGh
:qdG p q YLGh p jq ObG YdG
p L
p
.qfhdG Y J FdG IQ e % 70 jdG
qfhJ qL dCG 18 N e ,Y e 12 f qfhdG cG qJ eh
G
ObG oq fhdG ogJ ,fCG
e % 6 h ,YGQdG
q
q dG e % 40 H WdG
q

fhdG G

GVQ OGq Y eBG

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

IMdG zjdG{ IdGh ..eGh SQGG W H j

WdG GdGh bNCGh jdG RGdG V

zPdG G{ f dG aJ jSCG cGh
fdG S -jDhdG

ZG YSEG

QdH d

eYEG OG`` G H ``N ``e ``g```dG ``G

SG e{ ,g R``HCG GDdG dh .j dG
.z?a HGQ e g gh ..?dG g
KQG UCG IPSG J ,Q``WEG G``g
jfdG ``` c ``` H ``````f ``` SQ``e ``` ` ` e)
d j CG G CG YCG { :(
L a d gYG G``MCG CG VaG EGh
Zj bY g CG YCG h ,ISN GWCG
.zSh VYh jOh b GN
gCG H dG g J e dZ{ :aVCGh
EG Q``eCG g Be ODJ bh b IdG
dH j a dG ``eCG ,IdG S V
g EG Ljh ,fd Cj bh LhR e M
.zj e GhdG j GPEG iNCG Ie dG
G d G G{ EG ZCG jh
DCH ,AHCG JdhD SCG J
G JSD Gh OdG YEG QhO
.zdG Y bNCG dG J

.dhDeh RGd CG H HJ CG
OU dG KQG H ASCG Jh
e dG Gee e dG JM CGQ CGh
zd{ ``g C` H :daCG Q``j ``J``dG dG
J dG dG J e{ :e ,EG d
da ,HSCG d E` a dG G``g Y
jdGdG e efG gj dG e Hb
IdG a jH dCH JH j jdG
dGh ,```j``dGh ````ZEG H dG W
RdG gG gJ ISCG EG :j e
NBG W EG Lh b gG Gg iJ H
HjEG c AGS fG Gg a G
dG cG e Hhg j ``NBGh ,S CG
jG ``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` Jh .z``` ` ` dG ``` ` dGh
dG ``eG```dG ``e ``f``fEGh ``d````dG ``JG```d``c
VaGh WG cdG ``g d J
FSh H EG ``a```VE``H ,a ```bG``e hO
e `` ``` dGh ,``` LQ``G ```U``Nh `` `YEG

cQj dWh dW 70
SdH jdGh SdG IQhO

i`` MEG ``e ``j``e``` dG ``jQ``e ``` d``` dG ``` Jh

dG W e Y j{ :dG dG
H ajh dG H Y QdH
jh ,dW CG Y dH S ``e Y
bh ,``` c``j ``K ``` a ``Y``` ` SCG I`` e ````H
SQCGh dG d V ddG iMEG bh
g Y GLCa ,cJ K e dd JQU
.zd H fCH ddG
dG dG dPh fhdG jdG d Gfh
,j dV dG ADg j ,fEG
.QGdG GU EG QdG gTj M
g ````dG j ``G ``g e h
H T CG j CG fj c zdG{
jh ,ebEG hCG Xh hCG SG CG d Qj
,dG dP fCG Y NBG T IQU Sj CG jCG
d T e cCG Y J IdG bh
.bdG e J c H aCG
e ``ZCG YSEG PSG ij ,L e
j e CH jHdG GQSd UGhCG ce
,a Y Gf zPc M{ e G H IOY
fjh M fj SMCH J a
NBG dG e i``NCG ah ,jCG Y
d ,zP``` dG ``G{ ```fC`H fj ja
L~ fhj e V NCG Oah fG
.Y aj zdHz~ CNh

G Y CGJ dG G GdG X
,HdG Gh SCG e d dG hdGh
e jJh QG``Gh gG e jdG dJ
IO b Qj T c Hh ,NB T
U J b dG ,UG f Lh e
bh c ``dP N h ,GdG fj ``Qh
dG G G``cQ``j a ,G h```c
.e WG GdhM g h gG d
dJh J dG gG g RHCG e dh
QdG dP J dG J a ,G ,fe
``a``W `` cCG AG``` S ,`` `NBG `` `````dG ````dG
hCG CG hCG C` d ``S```G ``G hCG WY ``b``Y
L dH JG edG G dP hCG ,INEG
GAd jdG dH Jj dGh ,Y
.G EG dG Gh EG
fL ``e G h``` G ``e ``Z``dG ```Yh
```g```G ``j````d `````dG A````Yh ``j``H``dG
G G``g CG EG ,`````dG `````e ``e ``F```j
M ,``j````dGh ``j````dG ``e ````dG Y CG`` W
dj ```MCG H J dG JH
dch ,```Y````dG ``HG``` ` dGh ````j``dG ``F````dG
W CG JQN ``eCG Hh .G dG
!!d jU zj{ fCG eCG j b

gGh M

CG H b (S 24) dG ``MCG h``jh

YCG{ :a ,``jOG``YEG IOdG Y M
dEG ``` JCG ,I``` dG ````f I``` a ``e `` cCG
h -fhdEG KOG -dG jW Y
c ```e j Lh ``e```dG ``c``eCG
Ia e h``JCG d dh ,Gh``dG OYh G
b ``` fC ``gQ```U ``` SQEGh ```e h````H b
bdG e ZdG Yh .zZ e dP J
EG gGdG Mh dG dP c VGdG
.GU Y fCG CG Ge ,be Qj fCG
jdH GhdG j fCG dG dP cDjh
e{ :``` VCGh .``gCG ``N ``e ``gh jdG
dG ``G ``` eCG h Gh`` dG ```Y G````U ``dR
jdG RGdG b
,GdG bh e dG d d ,FY SCd
CGh UN ,QdH d SSCG S G``gh
YdG b H zdG{ d IOY dG Cjh
dG A```Sh ``b``NCGh jdG RG``dG Vh MCa U Y fCGh dG JdG bG
c WdG GdGh jSCG cG e hch H ``g``HCG `` dG ``G ``H``h I``e``` G M
.zFbUCG
hH ceh eg j ZU ``fGPBG j

16

QGdG
QNG
jdG S H g
eEa ,dG b Jh dG H Ua Me g QGdG
j hCG dG a Y S dG OdG e j CG
edG Y cG H jd ``dq ``J dG JLJ Y
Seb edG IOdG SGQO e AfG Me gh ,Y
,Th L H LdG j QGdG j a ,dG dW
SCGQ aj hCG ,Z hCG ISCG Q AGgC ddG j CG eEa
.a S dG QGb QNG jh dY
dG EG ``L```G ``d```dG i``d I``` SCG ````dG C```J
``gD`e ``e ``e Mh H QG``b P```J ```dG
Gd dG ISCG CGJ IM g EGh ,dh j H JCj
a RhJ AY K J CG jh ,JjGH e ddG
AGQBG OJh d J K ``EGh ,AGG G
dG OHCG H a SDJ eY fc ,dG Lhh
.ShCG H G NS dG
g G Gg ddG H S dG QNG jM
j dG GQ```dG ``N a ,SCGh Jhe d jM
Y UG edG QGe N eh ,a f ddG
jd J dHh ?j GPe ae bdG jd dJ
Y J gS dG XdG Y c J Ic QaCG
EG Oj TDG a ,LJ H dG SDG H Y
.he M gh ,dG SCJh G V
,U Q````NG S ````VGh j CG ``G G``g d
c jS dG GG C ,``fGhC HS M G``gh
f Y FG HdG fc IH GS a ,YdG
MGh d dEG dhj jdG a ,dG e SCG
AdG ``LQO hdG j a ,(fe Xh) gh
g QUh dG G``g fG I``a Hh ,``NBGh T H
Y g KhM b AdH dG Ea Yh ,c SJ
IAGdG N e VdG AJ dGh UgQEG e
Yh ,OdG feEG e d eh IG bdG
,G G``g Y ``b``dG O```dG Y j ``LG``d``a ``M ``jCG
e `` cCG A`` G ``a``` Gh ````dG ```e ````jCG ````Y ``LG``dGh
.IG QNG
H J gGG e M ``gh ,GQ```dG EG IO``Yh
jOQ JGP H gh ,GAY Jh ,LJ d dG
EG ``gG``G J EG ```Mh ,Q````NG Y ``d```dG Yj
EG J fC ;QG j Ga dG dG
g ddG YS QGdG PJG dh ,IG dG
jG dN e j ``NBG jW S dh ,gGG
.MW j eh Y d
QNG ``` ` J `` `dG ``````dG QG`` ` `dG :``d``` dG `` `NCG
,OdG `` jDhQ ``g dG SDG hCG dG
a hCG Yd Vj h FU QGdG Gg j CG UMCa
.JOGQEG Y QN

eYEGh Jc
abuzaidi2007@hotmail.com

edG adGh VGdG :dG MCG

LdG eYEG UGe dG Mh
KQG L -jDhdG

dG M H dh -SdG
H dGh Hd edG jjd HdG jQdG c fG
GdG IQGR``H Gd edG jjG J dG dG IQh``dG WdG
jh AHC (12- 9)e d SQGG W J dGh ,adGh
jdG jdGh SdG `` dWh dW 70 cQ SdG
.YSCG J dGh
H Sd dG SSCG cQG J Y IQh``dG Jh
.jdG GdCH jdGh UUdG
L H J a e G Uf H S H a bh
dG e gGG U YJ IQhdG g EG IQhdG eh WdG
,dG IRLEG h dG bhCG SGh ,jdG jdGh SdG
SdG aG HcEGh dG d jL SQ jCGh
AeH dG dd Jh dG id G``HEGh dG Jh
dSCGh eSQ Y j dHh SdG OL fah
.aGh dG cGh SdG Y J
IQhdG g cQH JOS Y HdG dU H N ddG Yh
gh e jd EG H Qj ``fEG Fb ,jdGh SdG ``
SSCGh gGh UdG e dH e gh ,G g e hG
MdG L ch ,UUdG dH SdG c e dG dG
dH dSG jWh G``dCG G``fCG H Y dGh bGh ``cCG
.dG
gGG J fYJ IQh``dG g EG dG hV H j bh
QGSG fh e IOSGh fdGh G Y dGh SdG
.dG IRLEG GQhdG g e
IQhdG ``g cQG CG EG jdG S ``H ```jQOEG ddG Q```TCGh
SdG a J fYJ dG ATCG L Y dG IG
GQb SQCG L IQh``dG ``g Gh ,G``L S jHh jH jdGh
dG dG ``Y dG ````JCGh ```ShCG H dG ``M```dG ``e Gc
gGG d G AHCG H He ebEG jCGh jdG jdGh
.GQdGh

GedG e SG c eY ddG
a ``d ``ch ,dG e gYGh
Hh G``e``` dG ``` Y `````d ``` c
bh ``c ````j```U ``` ` ` UCG ``g``` Hh
.dG CGH Ggh
c OH KCe fCG dG VCGh
QN hCG NGO AGS YG jQG e
gjJ ``MCG e ``gCG ``eh ,dG
dG MCGh SdG MCG QG
.je S Yh ,dG e
c dG L H MCG Ljh
eYG G fS e d T
````j `` c ``` dG `` MG`` G EG `````d
d Uh gd :Fb ,
GHEGh dH QL GYGh ,MG
.FGO

b e dG bW V QNG
S CGh ,`````G ```M``dG```Y ``` G
``` ` aCG ```Y ``d````M ``g Q``` ` NG
e Y f aCGh `` aCGh
fCG e ,G He dG
jdG ``d He AG``LEG gH
aGe ``cCGh ,Y cQG VY h
.ITe
dSQ ``````dG CG `````dG `````jh
OHCG h jgd G Lj
.dH dh EG a ,ffEG
`` ` YEG ``` j``N ``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` jh
N `` ` ` `YEG `` jQ`` ` `dG IQh`` ` `` `H
.GG NC dPh SGQdG
:j M ,Qc dG `` HCGh
e ```J ``Q jdG ``e jGH

jdG ``` SC` d ```a A``` ` SCG `````d

`` YEG ```J ```g ```j CG ``` CGh
.dG
QMG j dG YEG dG
g CG `````dG `` cCGh A``` ` SCG H
beG ```e``YEG A````SCG ``e jdG
,`` j `` c ``` ` dG ```T`````d `````J ``` dG
RHCG j LOdG dN jG EG bh
gh ```f````dG ``` e``YEG ```T````dG ```Y
G EG ```a ,``eG``dG ``e jd ```e
INCG Y ```J ``LO``dG ``e ``b```dG
M j fG c ,dG W H
UTCG ``eh ,e jU TdG
jEG UGh ,GMG c jdG
dG YEG NGO zdG Sz`H
,UdG N eCG .G J Y
fG GcDe ,jY T dG G``a
fG EG G````e ,``` e `` FGO ``` UG``J ```Y
jfdG MG cj SG j eY
.zAGdG SQO{ efH d
e O``Y ``M jM dG ``H``Jh
HG EG dH fdG eYEG
e ``e``YEG gQGe CG``H ``LO``dG
fY e RQH QX d ch ddG
fG Y GOe ,dG SSh G
.YEG LQJ
jG UGe e CG dG ijh
adG ``d``ch ,hCG ```VG```dG ``L``` dG
dGh ``` ` ` dG ``` ` Mh `` e`` ` dG
.G
dG dG ```HCG ``MCG QYHh
Y CG dG VhCG ,OS Gg

Y e ```T dG ```MCG
Y `` JGP ``j```J h``` jh ```j``e ````j
N `` e `` ` `e`` YEG ``J``f``` eEG `````J
fCG i``j `` dG ,``` Y S ``j````J
e GP QOG``c ``L``NCG Ic SQe
,Gh jdG FdG Z dY
YGPEGh fjJ eGH dG jh
j e EG UdG Y f VGh
.eYEG H h J e
,gGe Y jG dG jh
Gg dG CG ijh dG j fEG
EG ``F``` S``dG ``e ``` ` dG ````j ``` G
.ffEG O```HCG ``Y a jgG
22 ````dG ``e ``d```dG -`````dG ````jh
bh ,Qeh jeh ``e``YEG ``fCG -HQ
eY 2005 dG e eYEG dG CGH
dG iME SGc adG SQe
jdG EG gH fG K ,G
.2007 Y zU{ efH
,H ``j````dG `````dG ``` UG``jh
eYEG gGe cG fCG Vj M
c ``e```Y ,``` SGQ``dG `` jCG ``N G````e
.SQG YGPEG d Hj
e `` j`` ` dG ``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` cG `` `bh
SGQO `` N `` e `` ` `e`` YEG G`` ` G
QGUEGh dH dG eh ,`` YEG
jdG `` CG EG ```a ,`````dGh
.d bCG c
QG`` ` `` `e `` ` `M `` ` `` `` `dG `` ` `` ` ` VCGh
Ic Y H b fCG eYEG
YGPEG gRHCG eh YG eGdG e
2010 dG SCc Y efH UdG
,f f G``` ` H `` `NBG ``e``f``Hh
MCG ``e``f``H ```Y I````H ```f``j````Jh
LG SY efHh ,U
.FdG Ib
MdG Y eYEG aG Mh
N ``e ``fCG dG ```VhCG ,fdG
fC ae CG LJ Q Me
aJ Ye ``` ```j``d ``L``j
QMG jd Lj d ,dG H

17

He

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

G jH cGe 3 `a dWh dW 600 cQ

``bdG ``L ``H ``dG `efdG ```da ```fG

dG fi

zNCG ShQO{ CGj dG

fEG M G``MG EG Yj Y f
eQU fGb q jo H ,eGch jM eh
GhOCGh dSCG J d ee eRMh
Y ````jo ```dG ````dG jJ ```c ,gJ
dG V FGL e Jo FGSEa ,fdG
H ,1948 S eb jQJ e dGh
,HdG d aQ O i``NCG hO bJo
Y ```dh``dG YG JJG ```dG GQG``` d``a
fah fjH) Y J dG eCG
c q o fc (dGh ShQh IG jdGh
VdGh HdG dd G aj ``e
Hc ```dG UM ``c``dG S a ,```J``eE
j hSc f C S N e cCG e
d Y QM dG Va c ,cGTG ef
KK I GdG UM c ,H a GOdGh
b ,1991S SSCG H eJ H S Y
dG IH Njh jhdG SCG Hc j CG
dG aCG Y dG H YT f d
QY EG GdG dG OYCG bh ,G``fBG FdG
dG MdG HdG dG gh ,FdGh dG
IOT M 1982 S eCG Y AdH MG
g ,(fdG) adGh dGh HdG e
d jQV b JdG M Vj ``jCG
NJ c ,GdG Fc e fG jM H
IdGh ``` WCG ``e ```G bh faCG
fG j JdG Ea dG c h ,AdGh
ANCG fCH M Qjh j NJ jdG
dd JdG NJ CG j e jh ,GgCG
dG LCG e H ,dG fG j g QGdG
J HQ YGb dG VGQCG PJGh dG
.jaCG Shh T IYdG
fG jH J dG dhdG YG EG
Y dG J ,``gQEG aJh dG Q``h
JdG Fb H jaCG IFGdG gCG G
J ffEG FGL FGQh J dGh ,JdGh
FGLh jJh YL GO`` HEG e G`` HCG d
e `````dG BG ``j````Jh J EG `````ZG
CH dhdG YG fJh ,gGbh ce
Rj h e bCG H e GH Gd bQaCG ADg
J gCG hG g CG iJ fC ,jM
OQGH dG IQdG GTe GjJ
H HdG cdG e J dG ,dG
.VGQCG YL bQaCG
Jd (NCG ShQO) c CGb GNDe
gh ,OGn H S LJh ,jEG JeEG jEG
Ga Y ```jEG c ```e N ``Y IQ```Y
,fEG OLdH UG jdG hJh IYe
dH AMG h HdG IQG EG jEG j
,gce bMh jMh fEG j dG fdG
SdGh dG IH NdG j AdG Gg h
J CG dhdG YG Qb GPEa ,...ObGh
NJ IOY QJ c fG b hCG QRd GM
j f h eh eZ j G Gg Ea
e H e hCG ,OLG H e EG idG JLQO
FGO f b iNCG IQHh ,dG H UJ
dG CGj eh ,ffEG SH dG j e
Le j c dG Gg jo ,dG SH
NBG e JaNG jf ch f c OGn H
a Y GV hCG LQN ffEG HGV V
e efG AjHCG jdG BG b Qj AT
,jQeh Qjf dP M c dG jeCG
H (... j) H e ShQO j dG Gg EG
NCG fEG eCjh jQdG Q j
Y hDe OdG j dh ;e j h jdG
.cS
jNBG GhK eeh HdG dG EG
eh WG I``G G``` UCG ``Y Jo
ffEG O``` e e ``j``dG gfh
LMG QGd Lj jdGh ,ce
hDT IadG JNJh fGH S V
Ljh ,dhO SS hj hCG ,``j``NBG
QSG VQY M fa fGa a c Y
U EG c M fGh FGd fdG
JeEG c c hCG ,jFGG WdG jdG L
dGh (`` NCG ``ShQO )dG G``g ```jEG
dhdG YGh JdG M AYCG e CG
.jNBG AeO Gj CG b H dGh JAGb

fCG gh dG AD`g `` dhDG

G ``` G L aM ``eG``Hh IO````e

Mh G``` V``` Gh Gh`` ` d`` c ````e ``` a``` ` dG
YLGh ,gZh jQdG GQh``dGh TdG
eGdGh `````G ``e``Nh GQ``j``dGh ``M``d``c
fdGh ``` ` V``j``dG `` eG`` dG `` d`` ch ,``` Y``` dG
gh G dCG jQhdGh jQc
I
Ia N J S dGh eGdG e jdG
d bGGh HG W eGdG g J
dGh HdG IQGRh H J dG IFGdG HdG
JdWh Hd e ,dG FHC eN
d adG ch j GdG bh SG
.HWh IQGOEG
``cG``e 3 `````J `` fCG ``c``d``H ``j``L
AAG ce gh fEd gMCG G ``jh
,Q,QU ``j``H `` fE` d ``` S``` SCG ``` H ``e ```````d
d e H b ce g Qcd jceh
c
ceh ,Q``c``` d G`` `dGh ``e```dG ``j``H ``` S``` SCG
L ``j``H ```S```SCG d ``S``H``b dG
.YH H

dG dU H M QU

GH M

dG QeCG ac dd GL GdCf d fh
S c dG Y A```KCG hCG e d
.G YEG FSh Y eYEG He dg
dGh aOdG eGdG CG T :G ``bh
e ```dG nQ`` jo h L H d dG
J L aq n o Sh Lf S M fEa
Mh ```Z``dG ```j``d ``L``J ``eGO``e ``eG``dG `` g

bh SG gCH YdG ie aQh JGQb

dG Y OYG J EG aVEH Gg GdG
p Gh e L ``LCG ``e dhDH ``S````MEGh
J Gd :VCGh .Wh AH Y jh eh
e dEG cj e M eg de JY Y
N e dG dH J CG j dGh e
dG dH ```L``Gh bdGh IG HG
,IQGRdG G``gCGh LJ Vjh c Vj

aJ WdG XGh FKdG g

jde jQd Xe e GOY

dG MU IM b ``e edG ``cQ```G

Gd J -`` YQh G ````M- ````G dG
Vh efdG Gg CG M ib gCG efdG
geh b SJ ``gh IOG ``aG``gCG d
U dch ,iG Fd AdGh Wd AfG
jJh JGNh JGQe Jh dG GQ``b
EG ```j c ```H```jG IQ````d``H dG ``b``W
Uh ````gG``e `````cG ```Y ``` dG I``Y````e

dG efdG da A```HQCG G``Z J

dG IO````S ``j``YQ `` ``dPh ,bdG H
edG Gh ``bh``` G ``` TGQ ``H S ``H e
SQGe ``e ```d``Wh ``d``W 600 ``cQ````h G`` dGh
N ```j `` dGh ``cG``e 3 ```Y ``YR``e `````G
.QG dj 20`6 e IdG
adG je Y AH cGG g QNG bh
UdG dG ceCGh jdG fdG
aJ ```M ,```d```dGh dG ```b ``e ````dEG
dGh jQGOEG GdGh dG feEG ac
cGG ``g h cG a S e d
eGdG Jh ebE eRCdG G H
dGh jQGOEGh e dG G fGL L
.adGh VjdGh fhdGh dGh
GY H fi H M dG dP Y ``cCG
Hd edG jjG YCH G G GH
jcG dG FQh bdG d dGh
CG ,```````H `` SQG`` G `````d ``````dG ``e``f```d

`aGdGh e`dH HdG G a IQhO

e S `````dG `` `ahCG ,``` H ``e```j ``` dG ``` YC``H

e -jDhdG
jQdH d dG WdG TQCG EG Xe
,HSCG KK I dGh dGh edG XGh FKdG g H G hdG QWEG
gQOGc gCJh jQJ dG N V dP JCjh LCG ``eh ,```dh``dG `````TQCGh ``F``K``dG QhOh WdG
.jdG d h dG Xe Qeh GQe J

dG dG c W MQ AH
`````cJh I```G ```jdG ``dEG
GdGh edG -jDhdG

ShCG dG eLh H eL cJ h ,TGh

.d
cJ jQL EG HdG adG eh QGOEG jh
```d{ :```H```dG ```M``dG ``M ```G fi ``H Y
dG Gd jeCG IG jdGh cJ jQL QNG
IbG jSdG jhGQ IQcdG e LJ Y AH
jdG jdG eG IQ``j``d dG dG I``jRh
OcCG AGOCG ``b````Gh jG d J
HGh ``` d``` ` dGh ``` ` ` fCG `` ``j``` ` Gh
,LQNh dG NGO dG a GhR``H dG HdG
Y ````dGh ```Gh dG O````dG EG ``a```VE``Hh G``g
WGh HdG GQ```G O```Jh ,```LQ``G G``G
IOLG jG OcCG dGh eGdG Y
GQhOh ``TQh Y feEGh cdGh jeCG eG
dG c ``Mh```G ```O``cCG ``eG``dG jQJ
e ```FGOCG GAdGh GQG hP aSGh ,dG
feEGh dGh dG ```G T jVG
d G iG aQ EG j dG HdG OdG
.dG dG c
MdG G`` ` gCG `` `gCG ``e CG ``` G ``` Y `````jh
dG N e jdG IRQdG G gCG Y WG
TGh ddG ebEGh ,jQdG FKdGh VQG Y
.zcdGh jeCG eG M jaGdG H

G OM H M -e
dG c e HW G``ah G``ND`e dG QO``Z
jQGh jeCG IG jdG EG e dG
jG d jdG HdG MdG V cdG
jjH HdG eG ce j dG GGh
J dG dG IQGRH dG dG d edG
fCGh ``O``cCG fG jG d GjJh
aG hQ Hh dG G e jG d d GaMh
hCG ``a``dG LJ M ,````dG Ye d dG ``H
M H FY SFH jeCG IG ``j``dG EG
dG dG H dG dG FNCG jdG
IFa SFH cJ jQL EG dG adG LJh H
dG dG H jEG dG b FQ gdG
e cCG dH HdG GadG j Sh ,ihH
jeCG EG G dG QhS M jdG je
G adG eCGh ,SH jeh Qjfh TGh jh
SCG jeh IfCG UdG QhS cJ jQL EG
jQdG G RHCG Y dG Sh UQH jeh
UJ e Y ``WEGh jdG ```O``cCGh adGh
fCGh ```O``cCG ``eG``dG GQ```J ``e G````dG ```dEG
`````dG ``gQh````S ``` dG ``` e``G `` gCG ``eh ,```H```dG
QL eLh O``aQ``g eL ,jeCG IG ``j``dG

G``dGh ``e```dG O``f ``Y```H ````bCG ```dG ``H```dG ``G IQhO ``` eCG ``j A````e NG
Ja Y OdH adG dG Jf dGh , 2 G VjQ da V VjdG
YdG Mh ``HQ EG eG YdG ``e hCG I```dG CG```J ,``jCG S I`` Fe
YdG Mh HdG YdG e fdG IdG CGJh ,dH UN dGh SOdG
Y cJh YGdG MdGY G dG G QG ebh ,d SdG
e Y IQhdG jCG N M bh hG SQ ch HdG G SSCG gCG
j HdG G CG he g ch ,Oa 25 EG gOY Uh jdGh dGh dG
e Y YhG Hb ``gh , i``NCG dG h``G ac H e Ija UH
dG jdG H j a HdG G UGG RHCG H e J dG , ahM
dG d dG dG LG J fRGJ V hG N jW Y
J dc , TCG dGh dG cdGh , IQdG V dh , d
YGHEGh HdG WdG WG H Q```Jh HdG ``G MGe Y AdG
gh HdG ``G G``fCG Y dG c ,dG WG dEG Uh dG G
Nh dG Nh IR``LEG Nh dG Nh SQdG Gh dG Gh dG G
dG G Y dG e AH G Jh G Gh GjdG Gh bdG
fG Y cdG ``ch dG jdH G Gg Hc c G GGh
. dG
VhCG M IQh``dG ``g GcQT ``j``dG HQG ``e O``Y ``e GA```d I``Y d ``f``ch
CG EG IQhdG g HQG MCG gh OdG S eCG TdG dU H M VdG
IQhdG CGh ,dG Ia d gJ dG GQh``dG ``gCG e J IQh``dG g
ddH dG c ,K iNCG GQhO UGG hQh dG HQG Sf cM
,YGfCGh HdG G a UdG d MJCG IQhdG CG d cCG dG SGdG S H a
Y c QG CG cCGh ,G HGVh jdH dG N YGb IQhdG e cG fCGh
e jdG j fEG M ,YGfCH HdG G IN hPh GMG e c Qb
HYEG RM IQhdG CG G b HgG S H Uf ddG , HdG G
ddG QTCG c ,e QG eJ M j HYEG jCGh , JM Ie fC
dG fGG H Y aYh f dG cG IQhdG CG EG Od GY MCG e
Gjgh SGdG G``aCGh SGdG f ddH dGh HdG G Y j c
dG GSG dBc IQhdG AKCG LGh dG HdG H EG TCG JdGh HgG
IQhdG CG EG TCG c ,( dG h hG``dGh AG``dG) M e h``G H Hc HUh
L J IQh``dG jf h .i``NCG G J UGG ZQ a TG
FH f jdG h ,adG dG e ee jJ GOH IQh``dG cQG
adG adG d jG T b dGh YGdG MdGY G QG e
jCG N e Gbh dG dG AYCG ch TGdG Sj VdG SCGQ Yh OdH
J ``LCG e dhG OG Yh IQh``dG ``g ebEH dG d Y IQh``dG S
IOjdG f G Y S dGh adG d f c ,Uh dG gGe
c ,VG bh G IQhdG g HQG h jh ,jdG T eNh
.e ILG GgCG d eOdG GdG K GQhO ebEG CG

z`dGh `bGdG VQCG `Y{ V`e `Y `c `bEG

RJ zdG dG{ b h .``eCGh
dG O```L Q````dG ``e Y
.dhdG cQe h dG jM
J iNCG GQU dc VG jh
gJ d dG dG h G FSQ
h Gh dhdG bY dG
fH ,G aG Y ``cD`J
h d dG OG VJ QU
OY dG dG dL SGc
ASQEG Y eCc jdG eG e
dG h .dG ``H bGdG O```e
dG e ```fi O``` ```U``e
g d cQe GL GdCj
j CGh ``bG``dG `` `VQCG ```Y I``` ` dG
H ``M``` ` ` dG ``d``` U ``L``` e
.VG Gg J OGfG

``````dG ```V``e ``dP ``` Vh `` LCG ``e

Q`` WEG h i`` `NCG h`` `dG ``e ```J``b``Y
.fdG HGdG
M j ``dG h ``V```G j h
FQ bCG HQCG ``G dG jf
a j ``dG zYLG dG { g
AHCG e -G jCG - dL UGJ Y
N e IdN jQcJ QU T
gZ h MG h edG ``G
MJ ```J ```dG ````W``dG ``M``G ``e
zObG dG { eCG h .T h FdG
dG `` `e `` fi`` e R`` ` j `` ` ` dG h
h . dG ```J``jG``H h ``jO`````bG
fi ``g h z```S`````dG `````dG { `` eCG
T h G IOdG Ie IRQH
dG H dG LQ a ,dL

bGdG h dG FSQ f dL
Y ``` d``L ``g````M ``` dG `` FG`` G h
.QWEG Gg Y je
bGdG ``VQCG ```Y{ Ve j h
e Yf ``e hCG VG z````dG h
IM OL VJ dG IdG M
H ``S``H``b ``````dG ``d``G ``M``` U
`` `YQ h G ````M ``` ` G `````S
NBdG h bGdG h dG dSQ ASQEG
Le Ve Rj h .LQN h NGO
GH JCj dG 2011 MdG dU
EG z``` ` dG h ``bG``` ` dG `` ` VQCG `` ` Y{
dG d`L id `Y c dG
`f`dG S`dG Q``fi T G
bEGh ```N G `jG Y
GdGh H Y SdG a ,kdhOh

dG H EG jDhdG
jG
bGdG `` VQCG ``` Y{ ``V```e T
Le da V G zdG h
a ``` bEG ,2011 ``M`````dG ``d```U
VG ``j```fi ```Y d ICG````d
MCG ``j da ``N ``dPh ,q dG
jdG c Ad G VG
J h .`` ` ` JEG ``` ` ` H `` ` ` a`` dG
MdG dU L G dG
dG fl e LG QGhR jJ
M ```dG ````G R``HCG Gh
dG MU I G IOdG
HCG G S H SHb dG
O I``` ` G ``` ` G R`` HC` `H G

He

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

jdG ac U H dG cCG

q QX jH
J
dd dGh HG{
zLG Teh
zjdG eN He{h

Yh```e ```J :dG a```` j```dG Y j``e

``aH e````G j```d ````dGh IQ``fEGh ``d
bG h FGdG OGG jRJh H
EG ``a```VE``H FdG dG ``h
feh ```FG```dG ``f````G ``H``bQh ```H```e
Hbd J dG BG e gZh G
He i``e ``e cCdG H jdG
UG dG ``WG```T``H ```eG```dGh
edG adG ``e ``cC``dGh fCG H
jH G j c ,BG d
dG `` ` I``` c O``` L ``` a``` G
,edG adG ```YCG ``N ``e FbdG
IQhV Y dG S cCG G Gg h
eH eGdG N e G OGaCG hJ
G ``c``eCG ```d```G ```J```d``
Oe EG fh L G ````d
CG :dG QTCGh ,dSh j H jdG
H eb dG Gd k``YOh jjG
jH Y jRJh edG e OY
Y Gh adG b Yd aG
h :dG jh ,aG jh af
H G j dG dG
dG ``H``b``dG I``FG``H `````dG ````dG
Y G``` TEGh HH dG ````dGh
jH ``` ` ` dG ``` ` dG `` ` h ``` ` ` T
ihTh ZHh Me Jh dG
G O`` `` ` jEGh h`` ` ` G `` `M `` ` WG`` G
.d SG

REG Yb
aG jH REG Yb Y Mh
REG Yb CG : dG S SG ``cCG
``` c ``` ` ` H ``` g``` S `` `` dG ``j``` ` H
Jh GAG`` `LEG Jh R`` EG YS
eh jdG LG aCG jH eN
dG jH REG Yb Th ,eG
EG ``j```j ``e I``` dG `` N `````f ``c``M
ee O``Y H M ,VG je jf
jL H NJ 650 IG NGdG
bH 500 dG ``b````dGh ,``j``h
OY H a ,IO````T 60 dG GO````Th
```Y BG 6 ``Y ``j``j ``e O````dG
.YGfCG
LQJ T YdG dG CG :```VCGh
VhCG ``` M `` ` NBGh ````T `` H ``j``Y``` ` J
T ```e```e 1422 J ``Y ``jQ````dG
1438h ,jGa T ee 1437h ,jj
```e```e 1460h ,``SQ``e ````T ```e```e
T eG H M ,``j``HCG T
bdGh NGdG H ee 1453je
kGfh ,OdGh dG GOTh dG
QOH QjEG OY J Y dG Md
JeN J Y R``EG YH G
SdG GR``LEG jCG iMEG LGd
g ```c T ``dG ```V``G ``j``HCG `` NGhCG
.IG eG OY YJQG VGh

-b ``HCG ``j``Wh dG QG`` e

aVEH ,QG IQM jW UQh GM
OY cJh , GQd ``bG``e ```UQ EG
(``c 43^4) ``W Y IQ`` fEG O```Y (600)
.jdH be We

FG jQG
dG M H S SG ```VhCGh
G OQG``eh bEG jdG ``Y je
kjJ fG b IQGRdG CG dG a
jH ```F``G ``jQ````G ``e O``Y J ``e
OQGG Jh ``YO fCT e dGh
kGNDe IQGR``dG fG M ,jdH FG
gCG jH OhS HQCG J e
jdG OhS e j dG OGh S
J e IQGRdG fG c ,IdG aG
Sh e OGh S g IU OhS KK
UGj c , GM OGh Sh bH OGh
he e G AG``LCG J dG
J CG bG e dGh e OGh S
QTCG ```c , ``eO``` dG ``````dG ``` ` TCG ``N
aCG fH ```J IQGR`` dG CG EG dG
.dG jH jGh dGh HGdG

GSCG HbQh FbdG dG

HbQ `` ``j``j``G O``` L `` `Mh
dG dGh FbdG dGh GSCG
C` `H ``` T :``` ` ` ` dG ``` S ``S``` ` G `` `b
G ```H k``U``N egG ``J IQGR`` dG
eSh H I```T```e ``b``Y GP ```f``c
dj dG OG N e dPh fEG
dGh dG HbdG IFGH G
IdGh ``j``ZCG ``H``bQ ``` ` bCGh `````dG
dG dGh FbdG dG bCGh
G ``` j ```M ,``` a``` G ``j````H
jH IdGh ``j``ZCG ``H``bQ ````bCG
Bd `` jQhOh ```e``j GQ``j``H ```a```G
h ````WCG ```Jh OG``YE`H G

IQfEGh NGdG dG jQe

NGdG dG jQ j ah
IQGRdG EG :dG S SG b IQfEGh
SSCG eG jEG Y e kUMh
OY H eb dG We
jH NGdG dG UQ jQe e
IQGR`` `dG ``` UG``J ``` M ,`` `` dG ```a``
dG ``j``H NGO ``W ```UQ J
AGU We Y ``YRh c (60)``` H
dG AG``` ` Gh I`` j`` Gh ````` dG
VQCGh SMh dG AGNh I``j``Gh
G i``bh M Hfh jdGh ``G
.VdGh O```dGh Gh ``HG``dGh SGhh
``` ` dG ``` UG``` j ``` c :``````dG `` ` `VCGh
dG ``j``H IQ``fEG OY ( 756) cJ
Gh WGh idG J
,NGdG dG UQ H dG dG
dG jH NGO W IQGRdG J c
YdG Ne UQ Jh (c10) H
``` UQh `` e`` G Q``` ` H ``` HQh
jW Jh R```e ``j``Wh ``j``G ```G
RedG Ne Jh IG EG dG
jG ```H ``e ``e``G Q``` T J h
HdG cGdG Ne J h G EG
QH ``` HQ `` e ``` ` dG ``` j``` T `` N`` eh
GH dG g IQfEG Sh , eG
,IQfEG OY(150)
CG EG ``````dG Q``` TCG ```` `` jh h
aGh ``````H i`` `NCG ``g ````M ``j``dG
``` ` dG ``` UG``` j PEG ,``jQ``` ` G `` g `` e
`` j`` H ``` ` NG``dG `` ` `dG ``` ` ` J
e ``j``W ```UQ T (`` c30) ```H
AGGh G OGh ib Hh hQdG
Gh edGh dGh edGh IGh
Hh eG W e OY Jh Gh
UQh VhdG HH YLG ````SEG
jW ``` UQh ``` ` NG``dG ``` dG ``e O`` Y

18

jDhdG `` dG

adG eSCG -jDhdG

OQGeh bEG jdG IQGRh UGJ

eG ``jQ``` ` G `` e O`` `Y ``` ` ` J `` ` `G
J J dGh dG a jH
dG UQh dGh jdG jQe
,FG jQG e O``Yh IQ``fEGh NGdG
.YdG gO aVEG
gJ Q`` G ``jQ````G ``Mh
Y ``j``e dG M ``H ```S SG
a ``` G OQG`` `eh ``````bEG ``j````dG
k ` ` F`` `b `` `` dG
jdG IQGRh ``` ` ` J :
JYb ``a``` H ``` G OQG`` ` eh ``` ` ` ` bEG
aCG `` ` `J EG ``` ` ` X``dG `` ` gQOG`` ` ch
Q`` `WEG G`` g h `````G OG`` ` aC `` e`` G
GOYEGh d k``ah IQGR`` dG ```UG``J
dG S SG
jQG e L J dG Gh
HdG QMCG cJ M ,dG :dG dG a jH eG
GNh dG f cJh HG dGh ``` ` ` J ``` ` ` ` ` dGh ,``` ` h ,`` `` dG
YG ``S```SCG W Yh ```VQCG ```G UQ jQeh dGh jdG jQe
e jJ fh eG HfCG jh
.FG jQGh IQfEGh NGdG dG
QLh QeCG e jJ GNh QeCG
dGh jdG jQe
bGG UQ e J e SG dG
dG YCGh SEGh HG dH RHCG eh :dG S SG VCGh
kG hG AGLCG H Jh dGh gJ QG dGh jdG jQe
,bGG ``g ``e jG `` eCG d jM h``` ` e k` ` d``M ````dG ```a```
bEG ``j``` ` dG `` `Y ``j``e ``` ` ` jh SCd e S dG edG dG
dG CG EG : dG a G OQGeh jdGh ````dG ```a`` ``F``` dGh
bGe A````fEGh J he UGj d SSCG YGO j c ,e jdG
dG ``j``H GQ`````dG ``V``` e UGJ ```M ,```a`````H MdG ````dG
e jW AfEGh J EG aVEH MGG SG hd I````G cdG
c ,%70Rh REG H VQG e f ``` ` H `` ` dGh h`` ` ` G `` e ``` ` ` ` G
dG ```YCG J e IQGR``dG fG ````dG Q`` `Lh %70 G`` M ```a R`` `EG
IQGRdG fGh ,dG jH IGOG GG Hc cJh FdG ``NG``G
dG ```jh ``NG``e J ``e kG``ND` e FGG YCGh d FfEG YCGh
.h AfG h ``bG``Gh ``HG``` dGh ```LQ``G
i`` ` `NCG `` ` `e`` G `` jQ`` ` `` `G `` ` `Mh
cJh ``dG ````fC ```SG``G ``j`` ``e
he `````J IQGR`` ` dG ``` UG``J ```a`````H JeJhCG dG H UG HdG
dG ``j``H ``jQ``` ` dG `````G ``j```J HJ ``jQ``J ``````d ````dG ```UG```j ```c ,
REG f H dGh dG a jQJh jdG ``V```d G ``bG``G
cJ e AfG M ,%85 GM a HdG QMCG cJh YGQdG HdG
dG Q``Lh HdGh HG dG aVEH ,dG Gh HG dGh
Jh jQdG G LGh jJ dG fGNh G G cJ EG
Q ``j``` G ``` Yh ``` U``dG ``bG``e SdG dG YCH dG Q``Lh
d ``eR``dG ``M````G ``` Yh ,`` ` jOhCG IQcdG J dG IQadG YCGh VQCH
Jh NGO bGe Yh jdG Ne IQfEG I```YCG cJh hG FdG
G `` ` ` eCG ``H``` ` G `` ` `U`` dG `` bG`` e kjCG IQGR``dG J :dG jh ,IG
he ````dG ```UG```j ```c ,``jQ``` ` dG ``e `````d `` LG`` dG `` G h``` ` e
M ,dG jH jdG jM SJ dG ``fG``N ``b``e EG `````dG ``` ` dG
Uh ```j````d `` e`` eCG QG`` `G ``` Y b kjCG eG G UJh jd
GQhO S Uh FdG HGdG IYCG
.fGG
dG dG GN U e AfGh G CG :``` ` ` ` dG `` ` S ``S``` ` G `` `` ` VCGh
Yh dG be J e AfG h J `` e A``` ` fG ``` Y ``aQ``` T IQGR`` ` ` dG
H SGh VQCG dG f N jQdG `````G ````h ``j```J h````e
.hG AGLCG jH jdG QGhO EG NdG QGhO e

aY ``H S dG IOS Q```UCG

QX ``j``` H ``` ` FQ ``````dG G``` Y
H j ``jQGOEG GQGb GNDe
Le ``` d``` ` d ``` ` ` ` dGh ``` H``` G
cQe Y GTEGh MdG dU
SFH ,``L``` d``H ``` a``` G `` ` jh
J PEG ```Y``H ``` MCG ```Y ``H ```Y
TGh ddG H dG ``g
Le I`` a `` N ``` J ``` S ``` dG
H dGh 2011MdG dU
Y J CG j Meh QaCG
dGh OdG LG Teh da
da CH LG IQGOEG e dH
. jdH G dG
GQGb QX jH ````FQ Q``` UCG ```c
He )H j GNBG jQGOEG
jG ```S``e ``N ``j````dG ``e``N
Y ``` S `` H ``H``Y ``` S``F``H( 2011
AGOCG H dG J M UGZ
e ```G jdG eN
GSCG Jh, edG adG M
FGdG OG`` G ```Y dG ``H``b``dGh
e cCdGh gGh YG dhGG
jOTQEG MdGh IQ``fEG MU
gNh A```MCG ``NGOh ,edG QGdG
G geh bYEGh TEG e
e ``` ```Y ``` j ``e P``` JGh ``` dG
dG jdG eN e gZh QeCG
c dG GW JYGeh gaJ j
dG GAGLEG PJH dG J
S ``gG``X CG ``e ````d ``M``` Gh
dGh `````M``e hCG ``g``` UQ ``` j
e ed ``b```dG GP ```G ``e
GTEH G H dGh ,GQa
jd ``` H``` dG ``` `G GQhO ``a``` fh
HG ``j````dG ``` YCG L ``` SGQOh
jh ``j``G Se ``N gJ
dH dG b EG aVEG jdhCG
d Ld YdG dG ac e
. jdG eH AJQH j e

``dG ``M Nj ```SdH ```YCGh ```TGG S h```e

dG dh SdG

YCGh TGd S he J G OQG``eh bEG jdG IQGRh YT

M jdG jQG e dG Gg jh , jdH jdG e fH ,SdH
je VhCG dG Gg Y .GNDe f dG jQG e jdH SdG jh M
he CG : dG S H S WdG H G OQG``eh bEG jdG Y
,Yf fh jdG gC eG jQG e SdG jH ``YCGh TGG S
dG MU IM ``d ``e `````dG edG ``j``Y``d``H ````dG ````dG M M
J dG jQGh eG aH IjdG JLJh G S H SHb dG
SdG S he T b dG ```VCGh .dG d eG LMG
``bh TGG ``e Ic OG``YCG Y j d Ic Me Y `` YCGh TGd
jd ceCG OLh EG aVEH ,fGG Gh TGG H d dG J
Hbd GMh Y YCGh TGG S j c ,fGG G bGeh
.jOJeh dG QGhd FbdGh dG fGG jJ LCG e jQGOEGh dG
kTh jdH eG eG ``YO H hG J ``JC`jh dG ```VCGh
J G OQGeh bEG jdG IQGRh J dG JGSG G e
jQG J IQGRdG UGJ M , jdG eG jJh jdG jQG
Vh G aBG QYG INBG VGh jDhQ ah dPh dG Weh a
dG GdG QdG cGe EG aOdGh UGG OG e J ee Y N
.dG J

```SdG `````J
jd J
14 adG
`````dG
SdG -jDhdG
SdH dG dG c J
e Y HGdG aO jJ M ebE
J ``` dGh ,``j``H``dG dG ````W
jQdGh aGGh HdG dG J
EG aVEH A```MCGh AdGh AjdGh
Gd GOG`````SGh ,``j````EG dG J
dGh FdG dG J a G
SFH FdG dG Y dh YdG
c Y ejdG L H MCG QcdG
e YLG SdH dG dG
d FG GOGSG be dN
QNG M ,dG YCG dEG fG eh
e ,```G cQG ```d```dGh dG
,dGh BG```dG ``FQ``bh HdG je M
. jGh jG ch
H FdG dG EG cdH jG
c JGOGSG CG``H dG M H
S ``` c ,``` ``` d ``` c``G ``` G ````M
J d UN hdCG be TJ
G ``e``f``H ```H```eh `` YEG ``` Y
H j e L bG S M
UGdH UN HGQ EG aVEH ,dG
e GQSG CG d jG e
M ``` b `` b`` G ``` T``J ``` ` ` Sh ,``` ``H
.ac IH dG

dGh dH Vd dY IAc .. SdH dG dG fi

jJ fGN HQCGh ,fe Jeh YdG (e
J G``Mhh eQ Teh SJ ``fG``N EG aVEH
jH dG dG Jh , dG a TCH
H dG e IQGOEG IAc Ic IQH SdG
IOSG j c ,dh Od dG edG ee jJ
dG Y KJ CG d d dGh dG G G e
Qh dG YCG e IOSd kN e eCG
GAGLEG ac fGG J J Y YhQ c ,FGG
J M ,IG dGh dG ``WG```TGh ````UG``G
``e ````` dG ````` G `````d ``jQh``dG ``j``` G ``F````dG
jCG H LJ h IO``L GP fCG Y SdH dG dG
G H dM IQGRdG Jh .aG H J b Ke
e I```T```e `````G `````H ``e```dG ```j``G `` ``dG ``LG``dG
.G

J ``` dG ```e````dG ``````dG ``c``M Q``` J ``e ``cG```J ``` dGh

dG dG Ic gCG IQGRdG dhCG c , dG
jMh fEG eSh U eCJ gQhO e kbfG
eh dG QNCG e G IOL Y Gh dG OQGG
dG ``VG``ZCG H G G GSG IO``YEG i``NCG L
dG WGTG ah eG eOdG d jH Qc
dG Y dG jQe Q UNh H G ``FG```dGh
. HdG G GSG e j dG eCG , FGGh edG
jQG e SdG jH dG dG Jh
``YhQ M ,SSCG dG jJ RQ```dG ``gQhO d dG
KdG G Y J ```dG jG SdG J
dG e eG G e J c ,eOdG d
Feh BG S)`H HSG bW Q```J M ,dG
e600)H d e Jh , dG (e e

jDhdG ` SdG
jQG e SdG jH dG dG Th J
M ,dG Y aGh edG dH J ```dGh G
f G he G OQGeh bEG jdG IQGRh f
dG Y G H jdG JT dG GdG Sd
.G
IQGRdG gG dG dG Th jQe Jh
JQGOEG fCG IAc aQh dG dG eN jJh eCH
cCc gJ JCj dGh ,aG G J e q Gh FGOCGh
dG e IQGOE e bh e dG dhCG dG jd
FEG jQG J IQGRdG UGJ G Gg h , dG
dG aJh WGG LMG J LCG e jdG
jG jQG gCH IQGR`` dG ``e `` cGQOEG ``dPh , d ```dG

19

He

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

FMG
14 e
.. KOM 17
j G adGh
UTCG 9
e -jDhdG
IQGOE`` ` `H ``W``` ` dG `` `LQ ``e``` J
SCG ``N ``G ad edG
jM O`` ` `M (112) `` `e `` ` `V`` G
Weh a bh
PfEG ``a eJ c .dG
dN ,jHh jH KOM 17 e
14 `` `J ``` ` a ,`` U`` ` `` `TCG 9 P`` ` `fG
eh ,OG`` `G ```J f kT
cH T ``Z O``M ``gR``HCG
,W ```T OG`` H ```F``e
b `` e ``` ` L G``` ` ` SG `` `bh
gh QH G adG ce LQ
S OM bh c ,Id lQe
H Qe H T
,G ``j``H `` aO ```H AG````N
dY ``` G ``` Y Q``` ` dG ``` M
LGNEG `` bh ,``` ` dG ``` ` SCG
ce ``e UGdG ja SGH
.QH G adG

``L fG h..
jdH ``H `e
jdG -jDhdG
WS H G SBG ``aGh ``J
NGO fdG H eb AKCG Ae H
AH Q`` M Sh dG
e NCe ``bh jdG ``jh ``g
dG J Hh ,VG dG j Ae
Hh ,bG EG G adG LQ fG
IQNh ``jDh``dG ```Vh ``Yh dG V
YS EG dG OL SG a G
kbQe Y Yh dG dG e INCe
IY ``` G `````fG h ``b ,I`````d
.UGdG ja
UCG fdG Y WT YJh
QGh G ``N``J IQh``` V EG QG`` G
.QHBG fU AKCG

```W I```````ah
QgJ OM
jDhdG ` e
``` S O`` ` M 29 `` ` `eCG `` `j `` `bh
dG ``W```eh ```a`` ````
jNBG 27 ``H``` UEGh ``` ah 8 Y ```f
Ae `` J ``` c . ``Jh``` ` e ``H``` UE` H
GS 6``` ` dG ``e ````j ``` W ``` eCG
H e MhGJ HUEH jNBG HUEGh
QGVCG c ,SGh G
Y bh QgJ OM KCG cH dH
M .QU jH M OGh jW
QU `` jh ``e ``eO``b ```c``G ``f``c
QfG Hh Y jh EG k eh
.QdG Q`` N Q``g``J ``` JGQ``WEG `` MCG
FS fdG Y WT TJh
dG fGbh fCH GdG cG
dG ``` h Q`` Gh ````G `` NCGh
SGQdG XCG M ,dY YH
eh YdG e ``H bdG CG
a ,jOW bY g GQWEG cBJ
GQWEG cBJ e OGR YdG OGR
Qfd VJ MG OGR dHh
.jQhG OGG bh EG ODj

dG cGG f GOGSG ac J WdG L J

GZ .. z A U{ cGe j dWh dW 7200

cGG O`` Y `` Yh .``` ` ` dG `` Y`` dG IO`` ` `jRh
S ```````dG Q``` TCG ``` dG G``` d ```````dG
```W```dG ```L dG ``cG``G
JY SQ ``fE`d ``g``MCG ``cG``e ``K
ceh d G jH IU HCG H
jH H H dG SQ Qcd ``NBG
jH T ``H ``d```e ``` SQ``eh ````S``dG
``cG``G da CGJ Sh ,hG OGh
SGh cQe Sh G dj e SOdG
cGH dH ZGdG dG b e
. dG Gd dG
cGG d aG QNG Y ``Yh
Q`` ` `G ``` M `` H ``` `` ` `j ``` ` ` ` ` dG
cGG Yh fCG b FQ
cGG d G j CG j :dG
ZdGh fCG `` Ge dG
N ```Y IQ``` dGh ``cG````H ````dG IO`` G
VCGh ```dG ``Hh H IG bdG
Y ````G ``` j CG ```j ``d``c ,Q``` G
dG Y IQ```dG dG ``cG``G ``g
hdGh bGdG VQCG Y j e h
GgCG j cGG IQGOEG e UGG
.eSG
Y dG H Q j c
g Q``` ` NG H :dG ``cG``G ```
dG ``cG``G da M ``SQG``G
feEGh GhOCG ac ad Gf dG Gd
eG dG eGdGh fCd SSCG
AH AL SQGG g QNG CG c ,gJ
J ```S ``` dGh G ````bG``e ```Y
e ``cCG ``gO``Y H ``j``dG cQG L
L ``jh L ``e ```d``Wh ``d``W 600
SQS dG fCG CH Ge WdG
J H ,J ``cG``G ``g ``cQ````G
PEG ``cQ``````d ``M``` ` dGh ``` Z``dG ``a``c
VjdGh dG H fCG ``g J
eN `` ` `h YLGh adGh
cQd UdG cGG S c G
Gh fhdG eGdG Jh SQ
Y ```F```dG jh ``H````dG ``ah ``H```dG
G ``` G ``e ```````dG EG `` cG`` G
dG `` GVG e O``Y AdE
H ```dG SQS c gfh dG
SdG dGh adG fCG
VjdGh adG ```H````Gh `````S``Gh
.MdGh G

OdG fj ` SdG e
dG dh -

dG dU

dG IRLEG Ia N YGh aOdG

Jh dG FHCG Ga bh QSG H
dH Y Oj JZQh JLMG
,Gh ``a````G G``` TEG `` I``F``` dGh
H G dG C` H dG `` cCGh
FdG dG b e Ge YO J
ac ``a``J EG ``` FGO J ``` dG IQGR`` d`` H
d dG eGdG d IRG dG
Gg HdG HdG J N e
eCG VG SGQdG edH ``f``G
JCJ ``` dG G```d ``eG``dG ```N ```L `` dG
QWCG cQG dG ZQh e d
.Og HJ
cP ```````dG ``cG``G `` g G`` ` gCG `` Yh
geh b SJ cGG g CH dG
GQ`` ` b ``` ` Uh ``W``` d A`` ` ` `dGh A`` ` `` `fG
G GQ``` Gh G`` G Jh ```dG
IQdH dG bW jJ dch ,jd
eN SQG QhO Y cCdGh HjEG
Y dG IYe dch ,dG FHCG
aQh gjJh JGQbh gGe cG
GdG ``bh SG gCH YdG ie
e ``d``ch ,``````G `````fCG ``` SQ``
GOdG H SZ dG ``cG``G G``gCG
fCG SQ N e dG dG

dG Q

QG

`` ` `dG i``` ` ` G Q`` ` `J ``` ` ` fCG

.dG
IQGOEGh d FdG dG ``f``ch
b `` ` SQG`` ` G ``` ` ` d ``` ` ` ` dG `` e`` f`` dG
jdG ``d``N U kG``D` e ```Y
c ,aG ````dGh ``aG``gCGh ``e``f``d``H
aVEG ```dG GG VGSG
dG ```Y c ,``` dG G```d ``e``f``dG
cQG HQd jQJ eGH HQCG
aG dG efdG J
.dG WGh
L J ````cCG , ``JGP dG h
cGG ```f GOG`````SG ``a``c WdG
QT j dGh ,2011 dG Gd dG
jdG ``J```W ``````jh (A`` `````U)
VjdGh adG YG ddG ``e
gJ ``` S ``` dG ,```Y```` LGh ``````dGh
MGdG dG GQ```e U
.dG
N ``H ``d```U ``b ```V``G G``g M
H dG eGdG IFGO je dG
:dG ``cG``G Yh WdG
ebE ``````dGh ```H``dG IQGRh ``L``J Q`` WEG
U cGe ebEG N e d eGH
jHdG `````fCG ``e ``Y``` a J

efdG `````fCGh da kG`` Z J

QT `` 2011 ``SQG``G d dG
BG S cQ ``dPh ,(A`` U)
S ``` ` ` ` ` `` ` `d`` Wh `` d`` W `` ` `F`` eh
Weh a kG``c``e KKh
6 e Jda Jh ,dG dG
.QG dj T e 20 M
j aG H efdG da CGJh
,J eh a c ie Y
jJ `` ` ` MG `` g ````````S ``` M
dG ddGh dG efdG fCH
,J eh a c dN J
GdGh VhdG e kH S c
JCjh .dG hQ`` G ```dG dG
2011 `` SQG`` G `````d ``````dG ``e``f``dG
,eY ```b ``H ``H `` k ``````SG ```dG G``g
Ie hC dG efdG J CGH M
Jda Q``` Th ,2009 `` Y ````U
MCG ``N ``e (``d``W 2200) ```dG ``dP
ah O``Y SJ a ,U kGce Y
d 2010 dG efdG cQG
cQd ``` LEG O```dG Jjh `` fEG
OY OGR ``` c ,``` d``Wh ``d``W (6900) EG
KKh ``K``K EG d dG ``cG``G
dG a kU kG``c``e
QeCG AdhCG d HSGh ,Weh
2011 ```dG G``g dG ``cG``G IO`` jR
J U Gce KKh S Y d
.dWh dW (7200) `d fCGh GH
e ``` ` ` ` dGh `` ` `H`` dG IQGRh `` ` ` Jh
EG SQGG d dG efdG J
M ,dGh ``H``dG ``gQhO SG
HdG adG fH efdG j
j c , HdGh dGh aH hG
dG ````dG ``e ``Y``` ```Y ```cC``dG EG
fCG ``N ``e SJ CG
aVEG ,`` ` `JOGQEG ```` ``d``` dG ``gQ````j
J dG HjEG gGh dG Sd
a efdG H eCG ,kbGQ YLG KQEG
FdG ``` ` ` fCG ``e G`` ` fCG ``K``K ```Y
,dG fCGh ,adG fCG ``g
f ``c ``e Jh VjdG fCGh

ch eL 30 cQ dG dG SDe Ve da aG
ddGh d TG UGd M
XGh `` `gQ`` `eCG A`` ` ` ` `dhCGh `` ` j`` G
Jh eG JSGQO H ZGdG
aCG e G dh ,G JGQe
, G ``` O``cCGh `````dGh ```e``G
jdH dG SDG g J M
dG dG Y e f VYh
Y `` ` `Y`` WEh ``` ` e `` j`` Gh ``` e``` J
e QN gQeCG AdhCGh ddGh dG
dGh .dG JSGQO d Sj
,jd ``` dG ``` bh `````fG c ```Y
gGh dG ``MCG Y ``dP Ie
.Y G SGQdG
e jYH j VG CG Y ``cCGh
YGdG e dGh eG e c OY
b) fdG RdJ eL gh FdG
c e c dG YGdG ``eCG, (SCdG
HdG Y Hh , QU eL ,G
Vd G ``e``YEG ``YG``dG ``eCG ,
Y .``H````dG ``` dGh dG I``j``L ```a
e ej S QGh```d VG ``bhCG C`H
GX IMGdG M MU ITdG YdG
YdG M GY eG YdG ``eh
jG ``Lh ``D`G jf .Ae SdG
eY I`` YO ```H```dG ``HG``` dG ``c````d ``` dG
gQeCG A``` dhCGh ```d```dGh dG
UGh eG YdG e XGh
eG JSGQO SG ```ZG``dGh
.VG IQjd

eG jQe -jDhdG

MGdGh SGQdG MGdG e SG G

gj CG ddG j S g eh jOG
eG ``e ````f ````j ``` `` cCG EG
Y WEd G OcCGh dGh
ahGh dG dSCGh H dG
.G dG ```G aH UG
YdG e OY j VG CG c
jd G XG gCG e G
N e XdG Ge h JGQe
c ``` YCG J e ```Y ````G
EG ``` VCGh .``U``Gh ``` dG ``Y````dG ``e
Ua j bdG Gg VG Gg ebEG

M ``e ``SQG``G W ``WGh jd

UdG Y ``gQ``eCG A```dhCGh ```dG HdG
J ``` dGh G dGh ``M```G
id ``` d``` dGh `````dG ````L ``M``` W
dPh ```Y S `````dGh ```e``G
jM ``j``H `` ` `UGhh . `` `MGh ``` ` S ``
k `F``b
bdG QNG YGQ b fCG M :
aGgCG d VG d SG
cQG ac e Sj dh SSCG
j M ,G dG MGH
dG bdG h , IjT jH bdG Gg
Y `` eCG h ``d``ch ``d```dG ```a ````j

zLLdG QG QW YfG IAGb GQ``G QY{ ```eCG j ``dG OdG

d `````Y `` KCG i``e CG EGh ?i`` `NC
SCGh ?dG ```H```c dG
.QG`` G ````K ``Z``` dG ``g``d``j i`` `NCG
S ``H ````j qCG ``c``d``H ``j``G ``e
fdG UdG ``e ``MGh ..Q``` G
e hCG ,dG M GhR``H ``j``dG
jdG ,dG H Y UG
HdG G``j``L T G````V``a GhA`` L
c ``e ``` J .```````d``H ````````dG
eH BG ```S``G J ````dG
b 1993 ``Y ``ch ,SHb dG
dd Jaf :hCG Y Q```UCG
b Y dP H JCG dG
G S
QG S j
Y K ,MdG OeQ GY M
c S ````V 2003 ``Y IQO``` ` dG g e :b e SCG e GOY MQW j Y Y ```G jJh
Mh H G```Y M ```dGh ,ih``f eh ?Q``` G Hc Y J ```dG G```dG ,dG ``d``d ``J``a``f ) i`` NCG ```dG
.AGdG Y e jd QJ dG eG g ,(AGdG ``` Mh ```H ,``M``` dG O`` eQ

e -jDhdG
YdG `` ` ` dG O`` `` ` dG `` fC` ` ` SG
fCG ``` eCG A``` ` e ``` ` ` dGh ```H````dG
UdG ``` e``b ``j``` f `` bQ`` H ``` a``` ` dG
QY :GY G S JdGh
QW ```Y````fG IAG`` ` b..GQ`` ` G
YG gh ,LLdGQG j
Qd Q```U dG I``NCG dG
jRdGh dGh SGQd if QGO Y
`` `HQCGh ``F``e ``` Jh ,``jQ``` S ````e``H
OY ``e ```b``H `````eCG CG`` H .`````U
QG ``g``` ` fG ``Y``` ` G ``U``` ` f `` e
S j K eh ,QG Y gCGbh
GQL eCJ Y cQ dG bQh G
N e fGh dG QG Hc
LLdG QdG Y Y gcJ

eL e OQ fCG EG aVEH YdG

ebEG EG :kjCG ```VCGh .SHb dG
eGj M dG e bdG Gg VG
edG ``j``f```dG ``f````eG Ff Q```X ``e
j dGh dG SQGe L ITe
GH dG d eG dG O``Y
.jJ dWh dW dCG 87000
ed j VG CG EG Q```TCG c
Vd cQG UGh eG dGh
dG ```d```SCGh `` Wh ```U``G G````G
dGh UG ahGh G
jFGdG ``e O``Y `` cCG ```Y ```e```J ```dG

d ``` H``` dG ``HG``` dG ``c``` T ``` Y

L U GDe eCG VQG
M ,VG cQG dGh eG
SDe Ve UJ ``Y `` YEG
j CG QG CG M ,2011 dG dG
QcdG IO````S ``j``YQ `` ``V```G ````aG
IQGRh ``` ch ``eQ``` ` dG ``` ``H G ```Y
ITdG YdG dPh ,dG dG
dG e 17 aGG ``MCG ``j e MU
VQd hdG Y c dPh ,QG
GM cQh , ``jCG KK I``h dH
eM J ``c``eh ````ch ```e``L 30
cT e H dG NGO e UNh
cCG QWEG Gg h .VQd HdG HGdG
HGdG cd dG jG jH OjEG VdG
SDe ``cQ````e CG :(``jDh``` d) ```H```dG
SCG `` Q``` J ```J ``` dG ``````dG
dG `````SD`e ```d H ```a ``j```eh
dGh e eGh UG dG
dGh dG dG e dhGe NGJ
h G`` `YOh ``F``` SQ IQGR`` ` dG `` `````J
Mh ,``cQ````G J Y A```H O```Y bJ
eh ```````J ``` ` ` SD` e 30 ``cQ``` T BG
IQGRhh dG IQGRh e eM cQe
e `` ````J ``` dG ``` dG ``````dG
dG ``g```eh dG `````dG ``e ``c

b jYdG G UGJ
h```dEG ``Y ``fGjO
dG dh - SdG
dG dG e kbfGh ,hdEG Y fGjO be j dG ddGh fCG Q``WEG
dGh ,(H J HCG LQCG) GH VG dG fGjdG f dG jQhG G M
.ffCG bGe e ch G dG H OTCG
`` Y`` ` dG `` ` `` f`` H Q`` ` ` WEG `` ` `fG`` j`` dG `` ` `JCG`` H `` ` `dG `` ` f`` ` dG `` ` ` G `` ` d`` ` a ``` ` ` fG
bG) G`` ` `Y ``` ` Mh ,`` N`` ` `dG Q``` ` e `` `M `` f`` ch ``` V``G `` ` `` `SCG CG`` ` `H `` ` `dGh ,``e``` ` dG
.d ``` M``` ` G `` N`` ` `dG ``` ` M ``` H``` ` e `` j`` F`` ` `dG `` ` ` YEG `` ` bh (``` ` ` ` J CG `` ` b
YW Y TGh ( CG b M) GH G e dG AG AH Y GNDe YCG c
Ye jYJ VGe GQOEG S c dG jhh We gf j jYJ GSH
YTh W QOe IY e IPNCe NdG Qe M VGe Y J fGjdG be Y
iha fL EG ,d IFdG d J VhY fEG S c ,GAd Y fL EG SQ
.NdG H IjY VGeCH GUCG UTCG e GAdh ,NdG eM M YT

Ye

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

:hOGQ
d H dG

..bdG Y M JdG
!! k Ff ``dH Oj G
gh VG SG JG jh Of e
SG EG G Nj ,Ad Qj
CGS ``fGC h S Ic j jG
Y ``c e Y Y ,I``G ``g kSSCG
Y gGQ M ,VG SG e G
FNh de GN ```H `````JQ``e
INDe jh L SG jGH KQc
,ddG e hCG G e JdG
a kGc QGVCG e b G dh
jEG IGQe J e G NG
M ,```jh jY G ``c eY
SGS H jh Y jH RdG Ra
fL e ,gdG IGQe jdG gJ
jh O``f Y G MQ CG hj
SG Q``` ` d ``` L `` M ````j
UdG YEG H U dG jc jhCG
:dH `````G ``` ` fG `` M ``` JG EG
d ,dH H MG c
,G ``e k O``Y ``cCG CG j ``c
,adG ``d ``` CG ``` jh EG ``gP ``M
,VG ```S``G ```jh ``e kG```L d d
cDj ``j`````dG ,e A`` ` HEG GhOGQCGh
QG ```` V ``c `````G CG
,AdG cO Y c CGh M SG
e H 3 GEa
M , eCG YdG jhJ eCG
dQdG dH G OG efRQ
Qh`` `dGh ``` ` EG O`` `G ``SC` ch ``c
dHh ,ddG RG EG
cQH I```c A```dG ``cO ```M E` a
G CG EG ,SSCG dG
dH `````S ``jQG``` ` ` S``H ``` ` ` dG
ch ,dG ie Y i``bCG Qh``dG
ShCG d e dH EG fG G
Jj `` `ch 2006 ``j``` j ``` jh``dG
SQG ``dC`J d ,2013 M e H
e ``e``M ``j`````S``j ```S``j ``````dG
g c ,SSCG dG EG UdG
OdG ZCG bj Gh Q``eCG
``` jh ``e `````S ``e Q````f``H `````H
. NG Se

20

TG S : jDhdG
dH ``H ```f``KGQ``e ```Vh```e ```H
SQG fG M QGO ,JG fjhh
kFf ``` ` ` G ``` Y h`` ` `dG `` ` ` dG
AGOCG ```H ,``` jh EG ``` d``H O`` f ``e
QRCG OdG e eb ``dG FGdG
,MGh S dH e kGQe AL eY
dG fe H j G
Y ````aC`c Q``` ` NG ``H ,````S```SCG
M AdG ``LCG e Jb ``dG OdG
CG Gh ,OGQCG e Y Mh jdG
IFH Oj jh Of EG G fG
ca ,hCG dG G Y I```c
SQM `````G ``e ``` ```d``H A`` H
fgdG gCG MCG fCGh S AGVCG
jSBG dG G H Nj dG
cP M ,2014 jRGdG jf gDG
G CG ``j``` ` EG ``` e``YEG ``jQ``` J
M ,````EG ```jh ``e kG```Y bS
b CG je jGO U `` cP
,dSEG L je 4 S dG
dH ``d``` e ``e ``` cC` ` d``H `` bCG `` gh
d ````d```SEG ````e 5 ```W `` dG
H jh dh ,G Y
QG ```YCG M ,jdG QH A``L
SG ``j```f JQe ``J``HhQ ``` ` SCG
bH ```Y ``` ` G ````ZQ `````G
Ia J VhG CG EG ,``Y``dG
H ,jL e Id Od GdG e
e 4 EG VdG b ```jh ``aQ CG
MG L e 3 c CG H L
jdG d ,```Vh```G ``e hCG
jGO U cCG c Ff JG EG
Of Qe Yb Y e ZdH je
cCG dG ,jc ``jhCG SG dH
dH ``e G A```H j ``c ``fCG
QeCG M e g YdG ZQ dh
.jdG
H ddG bj G
G gb jd bT MQ H

aCG J a

e ``dO```J ```H ```dG Qh`` dG EG ``gC``dG ``b```H ```Y ````G a e ``

jEG V G``dG G a OS Y bCG dG IGQG d H faCG
j jdG H gdG IGQe fch ,2014 dG SCd jSBG dG e hCG QhdG
UY ThO Qde OS Y OQ hO aH a RH fG VG AHQCG
h ,JGQG d GgCG KH bH dG G gCd ,LW
QG dj 23 kHgP dPh ,fjJ e a e j dG e dG QhdG
J kWh ke 43 jSBG dG Qjh ,GdG 28 j kHjEGh ,fH
.jaCG L 2010 dG SCc Ffh J M dG FdG Y OYH

aG Qhd G dG Of cCG
Sh ``N ``Y EG ```dG Id ``JGQ``eEG
EG ```Uh hOGQ ``j``e ``j``G ``eh``dG
dG ``ch ,aU fd GQ`` eEG
hOGQ e bdG VG dG b
,OdG dG e dEG d eY I
hOGQ Y ``f``fEG Y dG be fh
jdG U EG fd S fEG db
VCGh ,IdG dG MU ``JGQ``eEG
Y CG CG OYG " ehdG YdG
eh ,dG EG fH GQa S
G SG N jdG HJ" Fb
jG Q``Nh e LGe e cCG
jbh M FGQ dG gL fc dh
LGJ ZH GG NGO YdG e GL
h ,````e ````G ``g G`` gh ``j```dG ``F```f
HjEG Ff EG f G SG
Ofh Yc JMW fYJ
gLh OdG IQGOE dG dN e
WGe EG dG hOGQ fGh ,"adG
e ``b``` J `` `dG `` ` jQhG ``eR``c Q`` `G
.G SG JOd GNDe OdG

d :jQ
cdG fCG

hj``dG Q``G ```j d```U

```W ``j``d ```j CG G ```Yh ,```H```jEG

QG H a bdG J CG j M dG
e f CG LCG e aTh e bY YdGh
Yh ,HjEG FdG LCG e IH IN
CGh dGh jQdG fGh GdG G
j ch ,aG aK YdG L i``d j
NCG G Y d dG bdG fCH
eh gL e G dEG Gj e d
dU Of FQ Y DG N h ,dU Of
GLQCG Qd adG e d T Y
O``` dG ```dG dG I``` LCGh h``j```dG
.HjEG Ff

dG cCj af
fH d hh dH d RGMH Tc H GSG MG
dG acjO af HdG ,JSCGh FbUCG f LQG f
IGQG QfH IedG Ma QXE eh G Y e AL
G QN IdH GOf FaQ SCG MWEG e Hh ,FdG
e dCG 15 bh a ``VQCG Y acjO S N HV H
bdG h ,hh LdG O``a a HU H hCG d
dY YGQP aQh QfG H IOG jH acjO MG ddG
FdG Jh ,G fGL MCG jW Id FdH FQ Ib NGh
MG AGdG bh G IQG e jOJ jQH HdG
W hjh dG d G VQCG e AL acjO fG a
b PEG QfH IOe Z H MH acjO TGh ,QfG
bh ,VG jO jO SCH HU Ra Y edH T bH
bGe dG Ge ae jQCG c ,GM e EG T" acjO
,Gg d NCG ,M J hH dH b d" VCGh ,.L
".MdGh SG H aCG GPe YCG

cGdG OY ` jDhdG
dN ``e ``b U G``D` e ``d```U O``f ```Y
DG AKCG GY bh dG hjdG G``LQCG QG
dU OH hCG h```dG jdG jQd dG
OYdG ```Y `````dG ``D` G M ``bh ,O``` dG ```S``
Ff Va dN SGh dU O``f FQ Va
e O`` Yh ````dG `` eCG ```V``a Q`` fCG ``S````Gh ````F``dG
hdG jdG Yh gLh IQGOEG AYCG
fCG :b M GhjdG GLQCG QG ,hCG
H OdG Gg YGh iNCG Ie e OLH S
FdG EG j Q``e ```fC`H j ````Gh

cH Of jQ ehQ GN H
c ``e ``` dG I```d ``````LQCG RQ```f``L
jdG e ``e J ``N ,``KC``dG
ja e d Y Gc jdG
C `` e`` dGh ``````jQ `` `bh ,``` ` U``` dG
fEG ,G``` c `````T ``b ``` ` JCG " :`````Y
,Yc MQ A```KCG a ``KC` JCG I``e ``cCG
kGHCG ff e CG d Y c eCG fEG
,"HCG EG S ,dc FYh
FQ ``e ``c `````dG ``Y dG ````Mh
dM Yh ,eCG QeCG NQN OdG
SQL ``` a``N `` SQ`` G ``` e ``j``` d``H
k a ,Ja Scd LGh
e OY Y
Y QTCGh ,gGh HdG YdG
hCG IGQG EG HdG LQCG G
HG ceCG CG dH OH jd
fG dGh ,dH ``eCG "ceCG Hc"
bJ" :````` dG ``g```L `` eCG O````d``H
k S kGRa
S ddG d ,LQCd
jd ``e bCG aG S ,U
QN ``H jQ C` H kY ,"IGQe ``c
aQ ```H ``` ` ` ` LQCG `````G ``H````M
.fhOGQe HdG QG e IOd VY

j```d O```dG gQ ``e

Lf Ia TY e fdG QG CG
G ``jQ``J ```d``J ```b "OdG" ``e
H ``j``L ``e ``aG``` ` d O``` ` d ``` ` dG
jG dd gP dG dH jdG
.VG SG

SG b `` QhO ```dG ``c``G

Nh dH FdG j N VG
d fh jdG eCG b eCG SCc Ff
ae ``aG``` dG Ohh ,``` ` dG h ``SC` c
cj ,YG QhO e SBG HCG QhO

QhdG aj dG aGdG ja CGH

Sd OGSG Ia dG Id dG
HQe IO`` ` `b `` `` ` `MCG `` ` `eCG `` j`` G
EG jdG LSh ,e fhH fdG
e SdG jQJ e ebE fa
hCG ``jQ```dG e O``bh ,Q`` G dj
JH ehO ```WG``e ``fh``` jd
bG ``cPh ,GQ``eEG HdG Q``G
CG ``f``fG ```Y ``aG``` dG O``` d ````S``dG
Y 17 cQ N jQJ iOCG jdG
HOe h Sj OG H e
YdG ``e ``Y```h ``j```dG h
gH Sbh Qe fCG CG VCGh ,dG
dG gGHEGh Hh dG ah
efG H G`` G ``Y G``H``Z
aGdG ``Mh ,````f``a ````dG `````G

21

Ye

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

Qf j hdfhQ
```````HhQhCG dG

dG Y UGJ HdGh .. jhe Le j zJH O OGOS{

Jb d OdG f :SjQa

HdG `` jRG`` dG ``` g `` ````T

,HhQhCG d Qf WGe h``d``fhQ
h ``M```WG j CG OGQCG ``e GPEG
YdG ch ,edG jW keb
SfS ``e kG`` ND` `e R`` a `` dG Q``` ` f
Je ``fCG c jQhOJd SCH
EG SfS H j h OH QhO
,2012 jfCd dG SCc Ff H
Y jRGdG "da" U fh
jRGdG Qf QOZ GPEG" :db hdfhQ
``Y aCG j CG Qh``` E` a
dG g d G" :VCGh ,"dG
ZdG ``j``d ``` j CG ```j ``` M``dG
,gGe J d ``HhQhCG EG gdH
j Ga SfS AdG Qb GPEG eCG
YCG ch ch ,dG EG j fCG
H e g CG U b Qf YdG
gh Qf AGd Ie jfCG 5 EG 3
Y VhdG bG d fOCG G
```aQ ```c``dG ```d ,hQ`` j ````e 45
OGdG ASCG Y aEG Y bdG
.YdG V ZGdG

G e jd dG OdG CG dG Id jhdG G Qe SjQa QGS cCG

b S H OJ G CG EG SjQa QTCGh ,SGh IQGL Y AL jRGdG
,jaCG L 2010 dG SCc Fd gDG HG ceCG J eY e bCG
,fGe jJ Y f ,jdG H IO``Y dG OdG UCG Q" :SjQa VhCGh
d dh ,I``j``Y G``a dG j Y Sh ``FGQ H j jRGdG G
b UdG fM eYh ,YdG H hdGh dH f IGQG QGe Y f
e CG NCj , Gaj CG YdG Y QhdG e ``c eYh ,kGL Ak GOCG jdG
,be M SjQa gYCG Le G gYCG dG dG CG cj ,"LGh AGOCG Y
M ,d GMG eCG YCG fCG EG SjQa e a dG YadG SCG e ZdH
edG G eCG ke e jha e ZCG CG H UdG e dG IGQG J
AH IGQG d ,eG eCG MG UdG YVEG "edG " Jh ,jRGd
.G H

jRGd he NEG

HCG O````H d ``Y ``a``dG M ,``J``NCG dG dG eM ``jRG``dG SG

ceCG SCc fdG YG J e hCG dG JH O OGOS e Y jha e
cDd OdG Gg JCjh ,G dj M LQCG J dG dG Id ceCG Hc HG
Jhe je Ge 5 dG H b PEG ,Gh INCG fhBG IG Z jRGdG G dM
af OQ hO H LQCG eCG N c a ceCG Hd kGOGSG VN dG jOdG GAdG
jRGdG fch ,VG dG Gdg e kS OJh ,VG jGa JGP dH fa eCGh ,VG
fCG kUN ggL fCWh JQU Jh ceCG Hc hCG JGQe RdH dG
cCG jdG d iJ dG ,jha M M ,2014 Y dG SCc Ff aS J
.jQdG HG d cQe 14 IGQe 49 a Je Ra fc PEG kGREG ,dG Ic e

IU a g d :JH

!!BG d :je

j M ,AdG jRGdG e e c Od IL fdG dG J

d VJ dG HUEG CG M ,jha ``eCG e kbe ``c e fLh JH FdG
e ZdHh ,YdG OhOe Y c H KCG VG SG jf ddG b YdG
IOTEH YdG cCGh ,jhdG adG J eCG QH Cj eCG CG EG JH h
k Fb JH U M ,G G``g e IGQe e edG jWh jhdG H
:
J c cd f EGh jha f CG Y dh ,S ae g d"
aj "kLP" OdG G``g CG JH ``cCGh ,"IGQG ``g eb aCG VhY
S LJ eR dWh ,G jQd kGOGSG Y AGOCGh Ge jd jdG
e e H ODJ kba LGJ eY" :kGcDe jd QdG SdH jRGdG e
."d J dG UdG YVEG Yh QHG Y j ,jha

je jRGdG hdG YdG cCG

e e LQCG kdM LGG
ceCG Hc dH cQd O``H
hdG ```` k``d``M e ``Z ``fCG
ag CG je YGh ,G Sd
j gHh SCdH R```dG ``g ``G
jQe ``jQ EG dfG ``M ``j``G
HdG HQ HS Zd AH SEG
AfEG M hCG ,jQe jRL fEG
SCc ``e``M `` `fEG ``e ``` ` G ``` S``G
cj , Qh`` dG ```H ````Uhh ```d```jEG
VEG ```S`` ````H ```J``j ```j``e CG
iHCG dh 2012 Y j fEG e
,HCG G jdG e dG ZQ
J fG S CG hj e Yh
eCG ,``d````dG edG ```Y ``H
YdG iOCG Y c H KCG dG
dG ``jh``` a `` eCG ``` ` aG IGQ``` e
je CH kY ,dG OdH fG
je QG GQN V j
. aG Ad

```e c :```Sd
Hc " jhe Le jha e M
,GgCG hH jRGdG e OdG H "jeCG
Ic K Y jha Y L dG eCG
,dG ddG HjEG Ff e
,Sd ````fG``a ``` S``dG `` Y ````c ```M
LGe jdG SCG R``HCG g dG CG
aQ jRGdG e OdG CG EG ka ae
dG ```UG````S `` dG ``j``` dG ``j````e ``e
jdG M dG OdG C VGJh OLH
VCGh,ddG I``` L ``F```f ```` ```Y
e AT J Y JQb f" :Sd
ddG IL Ff N e fd
:jdG ee SQM a jQ cCGh ,dG
fC d dH jd ke ``c OdG"
fCH f ,ddG ``jQ```G fS
JGQe dG Yh BG M kT f
GQfG d g EG L ,QhOGcEG eCG
."a cQd dh

```````dG Y ````dG ```j JH

gG QM hH JjQJ ebEG dG Id LQC

G G Qb
IGQe b cdGh Ah```dGh QGSG e je Y kH ``YEG FShh
,HG ceCG CG SCc dH eddG G ``eCG G jdG
H EG LQCG d dG jG JH NS Q``G jh
e OdG a S eH jd SSCG dG Y GdG H
GdG g H e RJh ,dd MaG IGQG ddG f
SdQc hCG a cjEG e k H hjLCG NS dG LH fSG
G A``` HQCG ``j ```e``d```dG ```f ``````LQCG `````G `````jh ,`````J
QhdG hCG YG jQe e fdG dG " fS" j
GfG LCG e IGQG g Rd LQCG G jh ,dd hCG
EG JH j c ,kdM eddG G j dG YG b
cGTEH dhCG IdG S c e GPEG e c UG G M
fc Y OYG hCG fH jEG QGH d kfU S hCG HM SCGc
JCJ CG Y eG f FeR IObh IdG IOSG LCG e aj Mh d
.dJ jdhCG jdG YdG GQb

eCG j h dhM d :HhQ

KQdG AGOCG ``e jd VZ

H j a kUN ,jd
OjEG ````j `` dG ``` ` dG
`` Y`` a`` dG ``````d `` ` M
c `` ` eCG CG ``Z``d``H ,``jh``` a
jRGdG adG cPh kbe
j je fe QG CG
.GL IGQd

dGh ,dd hCG QhdH fdG

GLGQdG e a j
Y HhQ Yh ,HhOQc je
k `F``b G IGQ```G ``g
j :
IGQd ``` ` dG ``` ` UG``e ``` ` ` Y
jdG e ZdHh ,ddG
HQ WCG ```dG SeHdG
LN jRGdG adG CG EG

Id jRGdG G cCG
G e dG OdG CG dG
jdG ```MQ ``jG``H jhdG
CG SCc dH d Y ad
ceCG Hc HG ceCG
EG ```Y``dG C` h ,dG j
d dG ``jG```dG M jJ
dN `````j ``` dG ``d````dG
RMCG ``dG dG Y adG EG
,VG ```d````dG ``j```dG
e ``` g `` `````HhQ `` bh
G ``` g `` F`` bh `` ` `jEG
e ``j``` dG U :``` jRG``dG
e ,e f dh UdG
dG C ``Fh```H ````MCG ``dR
a d IjY kJbhCG T hCG
EG `````HhQ Q``` TCGh ,L H
dG CG```j CG ```j ``j```dG CG
YG ``d ```d```dG IGQ``` G

LG```dG ```M ````j

kK k O```J QhOG`` `cEG e ``e``e ``SQ``M ``LG```dG Se i``gGC
GdG e jd LGdG iJ M ,G``LGQ```dG ``eCG O``H
gQGe jGH GLGQH e GgCG hH Od ja Od YGH
OdG LGdG HCGh ,dG Id jeCG Hc SCc fdG YH
e VY Ij H Rhc fS chd SCGQ HV e Ic LQCG
SdG Yd JCGh ,dG dG e jQSG SQe
Ij H Ge eG GLGQH Vd IN Ua jQH QLOG
HCG ``LG```dG d ,```G jQSG jW ``Y QdG ``e VY
Qf SdG Y e IjJ LGdG HCGh ,cQ cQ EG dhG
b hOQGcG jW Y M Ua hCG QhOGcEd JCG K ,GRJQhG
QhOGcEG Le H jc Th ,AdG eR e YS f Qhe
CGHh ,AG``G e NGO G GLGQH e aGe IY Sh jW
HCG GLGQH SQM d ,QH SN SQG T g S fCG
SdG Y jW Y UdG H QhOGcEG QgCG c ,eH IdG
.hjc a LGh jG dGhh Sc hfS

dG QGe Y MS Lc QX ad hJ MdG IQGRh

FSG jdG Se
HdG dG e Ne a J dG bdG a
h FdG J , JdG HWdG h ddG IQGdH
JT h IQGdG ICWh e j e Y dG a SCG
a QX ae J ,AGLCG Wj e Yh ddG
a e Ye Y Y c e fj e fdG dG
J M , jdG H dG e a FSG
AGOdH dG J h jdG e Y IQGdG LQO
a QdG h NGdG e QGhdG h dH Me NCG
.FGQ jN Se
e dG MdG J QX ae a jdG Se G
WGdG hG QGhdG e Gfc AGS dG e IY eCG
GdG e gZ h dG e S hG dG hCG
dG MCG H e bh Ad LCG h HdG
ShCG Hh e jN PGPH IdG AGLCG h HdG
FdG j a ,ddG h GOdG h dG SJ FY
dG j h , H a jZ dG S Y dG
a gNCj jPe h eCG Y dj MS Te
h j S jhOCG h jdG a dG Y QYG
jYda ,JSCG OGaCG Y qeDd Lj U eCJ
j h , WGc dG hO AHC de dG
MS a hCG , JCG S a dG TJ gh FY Y
e cCG dG a fCG Y eCj da , LdG
a MdG H J dG dG jGdG g h , fGH
.FGdG SdG Gg a QX ae a Y H dG
e dG SdG Gg a QX ae a MdG G
gRj , IRLEG Ad e gJ fGdG ac e
HJ e Y e j dG MdG dU Le
jdG dH QGhdG Sf a dG Nj h adG
VhdG , OdG adGh IOdG KhQdG h jdG
c dG VQCG a GQdG QGd OJ dG ddG
.Y
ILCG a UCG QX ae a MdG Sda
dG ah NGdG e FGdG h dG e dG
fCH Y j G j e bCG e e H j H, dG
L jCH dG j G eCf , PGPdH eh FGQ
.dG jdG AGLCG h dG MCG a

dU Le h jdG Sd jdG
dG GSCG a
dG e OY a fYEG e
e hO a ahdG dGh
:eh hdG
AL Khleej Times *
Arabian Travel News *
Middle East MICE *
Travel Plus *
dchHello Magazine *
jhd fjdG fYEG H Y
GdG cT e hdGh dU Y
jdGh jhdG Y a fdG
dU Le N MS dH
dG dG cQe dch MdG
a MdGh d VjdG VH
dPh( 2011 je 26 -23 )e IdG
MdG dU Ld jhdG H
. HGdG VdG

QGhdG e BG dN e j dG
da jdG Se jh dGh
d Lh dG MdG dU Le
jh ad jhdG a k ge k eY
J dG QX jOH b e LdG Gg
jJh LdG Gg jd Ic OH
RHCG e UCG fEG M Y c a jdG
.dG ie Y fLdG
jdG Seh jhJ fCG
d jhdG fCd dH eCG
jdG Seh QX aeh Y LH
IQGRdG a UdG Lh Y
VQdG a MdG Sd jhdH
a cQT dG bEGh dhdG
S Ve gCG ch dG Gg IQGRdG
je a ( ATM ) HH HdG dG
IQH a cdG c dGh 2011
Ye Yh jdG Se Y Ic

HhQhCG hdG H e dU dEG VQY

jhJ d IQGRdG J dEG aVEH
N e dhdGh dG jdG Y
jhJ fYEG fh fdG GdG
eh fL e dG YEG FSh Y
IQGRd MdG fhdG HGdG N
e fhdEG dH bGdG Hh
fYEG H IQGRdG eb c NBG fL
hCG WGe c AGS FdG GQOE jYJ
adGh MdG bGdG gCH e
H dG QhdG e gZh Y
GYCGh dJ IYGeh FdG SG
j SCG Y OHGh fodG dG
Y LhN hCG dCdG Y LQN j CG
.edG GOBG
:Fb SGhdG jh
jhdH MdG IQGRh J
KK j dG jdG Sd
a ja MS Sc TCG

fh dG VQCG g H dG M dG
IQGRdG OL M dG HjEG Fd
eb a ,VdG IdG a jhdG
ddG e jdG H MdG IQGRh
ad jhd jdGh jhdG
MdG dU Leh Y H QX
dG MdG GSCG a UN H
J dG jdG JGSa
J QX ae Y jhd IQGRdG
Y ad jhdG Y dhCG LQdH
eb bh dG QGe Y MS Lh fCG
dP J S a IQGRdG
MQ H

MdG dH Vd dG e cGJ adG h FGjEG aGdG a Yf f GME

GOGSG
edG jjdG
Md
QX aH
dS e H dN j
edG jjdG Yje SGhdG
d : QX aH Md
GOGSG aH jjdG eb
QGhRh jdG Se S
jjdG e dG J M
H MdG jhd edG
cGe e jhdG fGdG
dG h MdG edG
YW IOYEG eh YdGh
QX ad MdG WQdG
2011 d fdG jJ e
Y k dM dG QL dc h
ad MdG ddG jJ
Y Tf M Y J bh Gg
QX ad MdG jhdG
Y J dch VdG je a
jhd dG jdG LG
MS eGHh M Vh d
dG Y IRLEGh eQ d
e J LG Y J jCG
Y cCd dG dG
GQS eN Jh J
dG edGh ILCG
QGdG eNh SEGh
ihf N Yh adG a
jdG edG dch dU Y HbdG ) edG aGdGh
edG adGh YdG
Jh (dG GQhOh
Y dG dG
OdGh BdGh YdG
)e FGjEG BdG dch
Z ThdG dGh jdG
e NdGh k MS dG
YREG IgXh ( QX jH b
J c dU QH dGh
edG jjdG e dG
edGh HdGh d
h MdG AMEG H
BdG Y dG J
Se AKCGh b MdG
J ie e cCd jdG
dG edGh IOdG jd
g J J eY Vh
.BdG

dG ad UdG dG h edG OL aJ
eg MS jQH QX ae a MdG

,QJ ce ,dd
a ba Th ,S GMh
( dU dY ) MdG QdG dG he h
:Y j MS QJ e Y IQY hdG
,QaQc - dY ce S ,`` ` Ye ,dY e)
dC dU h,ddGh OQd Yb h,FS U
he h( INa ba T h ,fhdEG dG
QLh T jh - OdG IjH H MS e
e j e H MS e gh fdG
. ba IMh 32
dG jd e
a MdG Y je SGhdG dN VhG c
jd e jQe g CG QX ae
jJ e SGQO e SGQdG J dGRe MdG
e Y e OGYEG J M k MS dG WT
eh dG WT jd ddG Input cT
QJ Vh e adGh MdG GQadG
dGh WdG H fd dG HdG GS
ch MS jGdG WT jd SGQO h dG
VGQCG SG e OGYEG SGQdG e dG
d dG SdG QYG a GNBG d
dG jJ h dG dG e LMGh
HH jQdG
HH jdG dG jd Fe e OGYEG Jh
VdG J Y j M ,MdG GSG H
GbGh jdG dG jJ feEGh d ddG
.MdG dG GQe
MdG dG a jQe jG g :SGhdG b h
jJ e eOdG IdG N IQGRdG gS dG
.e Y be JQU c be

- jdH MdG
QLh T jh
RJH eh fdG
- jdH MdG
fdG QLh T jh
M bJG bJ J M
jdG cdG e fG
QdG jd IdG
e jd(jc cT)
SG J ee MS
(RJH)h ( L) jQdG
dTh Oa Y J
UZ Ofh S GMhh
Sh , aJh eN aGeh
e AfG Y hdG J CGj
. GAGLEG bH SGh dG SGQdG OGYEG
He a H MS e
e g : QX ae a MdG Y je b h
J M He jh - bG H ee H MS
SdG MGh cT H gdG Ice Y bdG
,ddG bdG dG Yeh hdGh IQd
aVEG dTh ah ba Z Y dG jh
dEG Yeh U Ofh Ud Ofh H e dEG
.KGJ jbh aM S fL
MdG S jb
AfG a KJ MS jQe g G dG QTG h
cT Sh MdG S jb e MS ib
hdG H ( fY cT ) bdGh Md S
f HQCG H ee MS jb Y IQY gh
,dU g a fH dU jH bY H
,M Yb ,e MH T e hdG j
.YCG ce ,jQJ e ,VjQ U
dG jdG
a J dG jQdG H e G dG SGhdG f h
hdG j M dG jdG he QX ae
.aJ aGeh jJ ch Oah e e
IH ( ..T ) jQdG jd dG cT eJ bh
Gk e k MU d adH MS W je ebEG
WT e he h dH LdG dG ed
Jh ee MS QJ e Y IQY gh dU
e , MS Cae ,Oa HQG Y e dhCG MdG

SGhdG dN

a MdG Y je SGhdG e H dN cCG

h MdG IQGRh a e edG CG QX ae
' GY ' QSG h d ddGh fdG cdG
dG a QSd ed ' QSG GQdG
jQdG e jdG J UdG dG h MdG
dG e jdG a QX ae a MdG
a dG FGjEG aGdG aJ a AGS MdG
MdG dGh Jje NG Y PdG
MdG dG h MdG idG h edG
h FGjEG aGdG aJ QWEG a , adG h jQdG
CG GcDe adG a MdG Yd SdG edG
dH AJQG a da ge gS jQdG g
e SGh FGT ZQ J h adG a MdG
jQdG g G f h , ad QGhdG h dG
dG a Yf f S edG h MdG
dG e cGJ eOdG dG GdG a MdG
, dG h dG dG GH AJQG dG aOdG edG
H j Ye h Ke GOL g CG Ve
je e ce GQSG h e he
dP h ,e MS jQe ebE dG QN e
h OdG a MdG QSG Y dG QWEG a
edG OdG aQ a SG Y jdG J
. dG Gg a
QJ h MS e
edG jjdG Y je SGhdG e H dN QTCG h
J Ic jQe g CG dG QX ae a Md
e he gh aG e e adG a
d ddG fdG cdG J MS QJ
GMhh dTh Oa S h , GY QSGh
a AdG Sh ,aJ aGeh UZ Ofh S
fG M bJG bJ e AfG H hdG J
dG e dG aVH GAGLEG ac SGh
2010 dj a d SSCG M Vh J dG MdG
d fdG cdG H e he gh
cdG iMEG Se cTh ( GY ) QSGh
eh dT j ,fGhdG e Yd HdG
hdG a dG CGj Sh ,aJ aGeh U
. GAGLEG ac SG Y eOdG IdG N
jT a MS e
ae a Md edG jjdG Y je bh
L e gJ QdG jQdG e G :QX

jhd W GOL MdG IQGRh J

Lc QX ae a jdG Sd
Ld jdGh dG QGe Y MS
Y dG a a UN Lh Y dU
QTCG h , ddG h FSdG e jdG
ae a MdG Y je SGhdG dN
MdG IQGRh e UM h fCG dEG QX
dH MdG cdG AfEG a
bGdGh MdG edH jdGh
ddGh jKCG

GYG h MdG edG

ae j e gCG e NdG
jdG Se a QX
dH :Md edG jjdG Y je SGhdG dN jh
dG GYG e adG a Yeh Ic a MdG ed
Md L e e MdG SGdG OJ h dG QT e a
a a dG FSG jdG Se h AdG Se a HhQhCG
HdGh dG hdG FSh dG AHC eg e d dG
Jh MGdGh dGh GdG h MdG dG dEG aVEG
GOdGh dGh GdGh jhGdGh jdGh MdG dG
jdG MdG dEG aVEH jdGh jQdG QKBGh ddGh
jQUh fjOhh dLh WGd IMGdG dGh UdGh
dEG VCG QdGh dGh adG Igeh jdG VjdG dch
FGSG YhQdGh dG e dG JH adG J dP
U SGeh dGh fGdG JGhKh (dG RL)LQdG e
IGd Ge j e dGh NQdG dP a H dG SCG
dGh jQdGh QdG YU e jhdG jdG dGh dG
dG aJh jdG ThdGh HdGh jdG YdGh
e AGjEG ceCGh UGeh JGh W e jQhdG SSCG
.ba Th eh Oa

MdG edG cGe

N MdG edG cGe e OY J S :SGhdG jh
OY a S 21 jdh fj 21 jQJ e ec jdG Se Ia
edG N Y j jjdH ee FQ ce e bGdG e
j QdH ceh YdG QGe Y jh 23232000 MdG
QhO dEG aVEG j dG jM ce h dhdGh NGdG GMdG ac
dGh QGhdG jhH adG QGhd dG AMEG a SSCG
cH MdG ed ce h YdGh FGdGh edH
.LdG Ia cGjh (LdG be) adG jdG

www.alroya.info

2011 dj 5 aGG `g1432 T e 3 AKdG

info@alroya.info

dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ

118 :jdG edG - 343 .U :SGG
Y S - e
24479889
:ca
24479888 :Jg
hdG jdG

IAVG
dG Y H GY

```bGdG HQeh ``YdG

J dG dGh jG H Mj AGQBG e dG f ``NBGh ``G H
` dG Gg e EGh fGG OGh dG e LG dG GNG e e Jh
RCG bGhh ,NGdG Je e hgh Ic Y de j ` dG GNG
db e dG GNd adG G g Y OQ RHCG dh , jNBG Y JbNEG eH
dG Y SQ OLeh Fb dG GNG EG e HG HY HG G
. fdG adGh jeCG CG adG g ae aK
dG e hCG OdGh Y SdG dG HhQhCG QSG JGSG fc a
" GHCG NEG .. H SdG NEG j " CGe Y e c J ` j c ` VG
G e j h ,adGh dG Ma SdG NEG eCG aH j GHCG NEG ,
NEG " adG M hCG QhG hO e SdG NEG Y NdG bdG dP
Gb dH eEGh GT GT ``VQCG MG H EG JG j ," G``HCG
. dEG dSdG d
" SdG NEG " h " aG " hO e Ja ddG dCG FGhCG dG eCG
GHCG NEG j HfG VdG fGh , GL GQe UCG IH ae e H Y
. GHCG NE jW SdG NEG GZ d dH H , SdG NEG WT
aNGh GQOEG ```Y I``````dG ` ``H``G ``b ```c ` j ``e hCG j ```a
.LJh
IQdG a GQOEG Y IdG Sh eCG . LdhjG g YdG J Sh fc
EG Gh LdjjEG GdG M dG GNG M a Ggh . jdG dG
dG Y j Jj L EG " YdG J " EG eh GQOEG Y IdG
. d LM fd e GQOE`d e QTEG eYEG HW GP geh QU e
fEG . FdGh dGh QG e e d SG e e f jJ e dGh
aK eGeh GgCG GP SSCG d jObG SS Y dG dG dG
.iG IH SSh
alaliyan@gmail.com

ZCG ``````j fcJ FQ

54`dG O```e ``Y eGZ
..CG -OHCG Y
O`` H `` ` b `` H`` b ``` ` MG
fcJ ````FQ ,h```
G`` ` `fG `` ` `cCG h`` ` `dG i`` ` `MEG
HGdG O``` e ````H ,``` dG
ZG O``` ` fG `` Y ``` ` ` Gh
Hh ,`` `` ` ` ` dCGh ``` ` ` c ``` ` d
.WdG jdG
fcJ ``` ` FQ `` ` `bh
`` ` ` `eCG `` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` S`` G `` `` ` ` ` ` ` dG
j dG ``` Zh ,``j``g``` ` G
efH N ,AdG QgRCG
.O`` ` `e ``` Y ``` ` S``` `` U`` N
AGN jQU FdG iJQGh
c a ,```dG O``eQ Hh
.QdG Y jh ZCG j
bY TT Y ``G ``Hh
Y `````S``e ``` M `` N
bGdG dG G``g UY ,O``HG
d e EG dG Fd j bGh gh ,T 3500 Mh ,SdG SBG
FdG CG EG QTCG efdG e d ,G h OH b Hb j .IMGh
jOQcCGh FdG QZ CG SdG jdG cCGh .h ZCG c c e g
FdG ``YCG ,jHCG h .Ic Ih``Kh eCd eCG gQYH ,WdG d S
JLJ Y hf f dGh ,J NG a e G L H RGYG Y
HU N dG ,fcJ FQ dCGh .J Ve dhdG FQ M ,fcJ
SQ dG dG IOd HGZ cCG LhCG ,2006 jO J dG hRf OGe
GJ ,dP eh .adCG Z JGQGH hG MGdG QJjd gP e ,hRf
.dG Gg G LGh e jdG jJ dG QU

.jG "EG QH" a dPh ,Gh G e OY cQ G ```MG H h```e IdG eH ```dG ```G I```U H ```j
bGe c edG j da Y f J cT J
dG d z ``Y```V``G dG ``e ``bG``` TG{ S ``e I`` NG
dU YH "Id IG YGdH J EG GHCGh FGO GdG" QT
. UhG c QcdG
e 10 YdG dG A jdGh jQdG c GDd Ieh
.dG U "YdG dG" Ih``f G```X 12 YdG ```dG ``jDh``dG I``j``L J

Ie

LdG bj zCGSCG{ JShdG MGL H IG :SG

He fc G XdG CH JbJ G H
.d
dG b G dG e jh QTCGh
c DdG dG e fG EG e eL ddG
.Gh ddG XdG jG Oj CG G e
GAMH j a (gf G) a dbh
g c GPG fG j LQ d Cf G h eT
.MWh Fe Gfj CG Zj SdG Ea T
HQCG c H a GMGh LQ CG jM SGQO XCGh
LQO Gh MGG e Y H G IQdG OSG LQ
LdG G e ZdG Y FT fc dG S e e
.Gc H fCG GYj CG EG G

AGLG H Lh dH Xh CH bGh Z bJ
AGLG b GQh``` ` G ``e ``Z``dG Y ``J````Sh``dG ``MG``L
.dG
S G`````N `` LQ 152 C` e ````G ``e A``` ch
eH d MGd YN b fSG JShdG
Y SG fch .AG``LEG W CH GQhe GJ
XdGh AeG Xhh ddG XdG CH JbJ
f HGb bJh .``MG``G AG``LG e ``Y H G
17 ```d b ```e ``MG``G ```H ````X``dG f ``L``dG
h .`` MG`` G ```H ``` ` aCG ``````L ````Xh G``` b``J `````H
CH JbJ G a H 36 b Y H d He
40 ``bh G Fd He fc ddG XdG

RjhQ -Qjf
j jdG ``L``dG f HGb CG SG ``cP
CG Gh`` Lh ``J````Sh``dG ``W````H ``H``` UEG AG`` L ``MG``
XdG VfG e bG e CGSG MGG H IG
.bG e cCG dG S ce Gh G
f dG SGQdG LdG H bJ dG bh
dH ````Xh ```j``d ```J CG ```d```dG ``d````G `` jQhO
Y fc Y MGG AGLG e Y H aCG Lh
jdG MdG Y ``b OYG ``gh ,dG AG``LEG b
Tj fG e eL jh fGO SCGJ
jd LdG CG gDheRh jh ch .G e

````Y GOGjEG QhO `````e 372 ````j zdG {

Qhjh .jeCG SG d aGG KG j J dG
TG GP Fc J VQCG Y Id ce M dG
.NBG Y e AL de
H ``fG ca cd HJ I``Mh ``gh ``f``eGQ``H ``d``bh
QhO e 181 L b dG S dG jf
jj e gh ,VG AHQCG j MW e NGdG VdG QhO
bH j ah .````SCG jf Y b ``e GjJ Y
cG EG VG SCG GOG``jEG Qe Qc LGJ ``aCG
QhO e 25 Q1 f G GOGjEG U Y dG
M e Hh .MCG j J dG KdG jCG
.c.Odg be GAMG H QhO e 116 YSCG

zbQ````N i```b{ k ```fHj k b```e ```` BG ```fEG

..CG -jQf
,BG LQ IY (feQf) e S e IQ``jR j M fa EG MdG MQ e Hj CG``H
IQdG a dG ,eY 49 ,GThCG jS YCG bh .bQN ib fEG L Y BG LdG Hj eYh
GThCG VhCG bh .M d jGdG iS d e S EG MQ CG S 28 b S OM H G Y
aCG d dh .IYe hO e LQ Y bdG ,dM fa EG JQOe b jQf-cW Qe
LQ aH e S e EG AKdG GThCG Sh .dd eRdG GdG OY H e e ej H eCG
e gh SdG hdG dG IgL e S e J .(CG jCG jCG) dG IYd BG
.jHh feQdG H OhG Y Jh jb QLh e cH KCJ ST WGT Sh jU IjL Y
N gCfCG dG fHdG jOjS cT fch .1979 dG e dG GdG F Y LQe e S eh
IY e hCG jQdG JGH S QcG BG LdG CG 2008 HcCG YCG b JHhdG
H dG jdG bWh dG jYd d hCG LQdH U bh .VG M Y dG bdG
gh jQdG Y ,YGQdGh bdG Jh dH dG BG Ld LQG dG Jh .dH VG
BG LdG CGa .edG gQj dG jdG dG J IQTEG ILCG g Jh .QSG ILCH IOhe
OU hCG G hCG SG hCG VdG hCG c RdG dG dG J H IU c H dH
.dG

RjhQ -G Sd
je G a CG FdG fEG cT GjJ OaCG
Transformers...Dark dG X ..dG H
aG ``c S GKCdH ``a``G ,of the Moon
e 372 Lh dG ie Y dG QhO MW id
SCG VhY aG e dG AfCG VdG QhO QhO
ddG AG WCG dG RH feGQH cT QJh .VG
jeCG GOG`` jEG SGh ```bEG d dG ``aCG S
J dG KdG ``jCG QhO e 97^4 jdGh
HQCG jCd QhO e 116 EG bdG j CG bJh ,dG

SQ dH dCG 20
``G ````J zL``dG{
..CG -dH
QWEG ``` hCG dH e G `` T ``dCG 20 f
T ZdG e ``cCG ``MCG QfT GQ S S e IQO
dG Zd cCG J EG j G ch .dG
Zj L e ej Y dG ad dG LG N
G dG CG EG ,Ye Y NGeh Se Mh eCJh
cMh .c H cQG OY N fCG UdG Y S dG
dG QfT GQ S S WCG dG (IG a) j hG QBG
G EG T dCG 70 QM eCJ fc IOdG e fMCG j
22 dMG ```SG``b Y ``SO````dG SjH ``H```dG a S ``dG
(eY 55) QfT GQ S S jh .eDe dCG 50 f eCG S
.dG T MhdG G cCG e