Common ER equipments:

y ECG machine- The ECG device detects and amplifies the tiny electrical changes on the skin that are caused when the heart muscle depolarizes during each heartbeat. At rest, each heart muscle cell has a charge across its outer wall, or cell membrane. It is the best way to measure and diagnose abnormal rhythms of the heart. Defibrillator- An electronic device that applies an electric shock to restore the rhythm of a fibrillating heart. Types: Manual external defibrillator- The units are used in conjunction with (or more often have inbuilt) electrocardiogram readers, which the healthcare provider uses to diagnose a cardiac condition (most often fibrillation or tachycardia although there are some other rhythms which can be treated by different shocks). Automated external defibrillator (AED)- These simple-to-use units are based on computer technology which is designed to analyze the heart rhythm itself, and then advise the user whether a shock is required. They are designed to be used by lay persons, who require little training to operate them correctly. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)- These devices are implants, similar to pacemakers (and many can also perform the pacemaking function). They constantly monitor the patient's heart rhythm, and automatically administer shocks for various life threatening arrhythmias, according to the device's programming y Pulse oximeter- is a medical device that indirectly monitors the oxygen saturation of a patient's blood (as opposed to measuring oxygen saturation directly through a blood sample) and changes in blood volume in the skin. Most monitors also display the heart rate. Acceptable normal ranges are from 95 to 100 percent, although values down to 90% are common. Ambu bag- is a hand-held device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately. The device is a normal part of a resuscitation kit for trained professionals, such as ambulance crew. Suction machine Laryngoscope- used to visualize the larynx during intubation

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Epinephrine- is used to treat a number of conditions including: cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis,and superficial bleeding. It increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, dilates air passages and participates in the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous system. Atropine sulfate- Lowers the parasympathetic activity of all muscles and glands regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. it may cause swallowing difficulties and reduced secretions. Amlodipine- is a long-acting calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine class) used as an anti-hypertensive and in the treatment of angina. amlodipine acts by relaxing the smooth muscle in the arterial wall, decreasing total peripheral resistance and hence reducing blood pressure; in angina it increases blood flow to the heart muscle. Benadryl- is used for the temporary relief of seasonal and perennial allergy symptoms. Buscopan- Paroxysmal pain in diseases of the stomach or intestine, spastic pain & functional disorders in the biliary & urinary tracts & female uterine organs (eg dysmenorrhea). Calcium gluconate- 10% calcium gluconate solution is the form of calcium most widely used in the treatment of hypocalcemia. It is also used to counteract an overdose of magnesium sulfate,[1] which is often administered to pregnant women in order to prophylactically prevent seizures (as in patient experiencing preeclampsia) Amiodarone- is an antiarrhythmic agent (medication used for irregular heart beat) used for various types of tachyarrhythmias (fast forms of irregular heart beat), both ventricular and supraventricular (atrial) arrhythmias. Digoxin- also known as digitalis, is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions, namely atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and sometimes heart failure that cannot be controlled by other medication. Nicardipine- is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and angina. Dobutamine- used in the treatment of heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Dopamine- available as an intravenous medication acting on the sympathetic nervous system, producing effects such as increased heart rate and blood pressure.

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Furosemide- is a loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema Metoclopramide- is an antiemetic and gastroprokinetic agent. Thus it is primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting, and to facilitate gastric emptying in patients with gastroparesis. It is also a primary treatment for migraine headaches. Potassium chloride- it is used in the treatment of hypokalemia and associated conditions, for digitalis poisoning, and as an electrolyte replenisher. Tramadol- is a centrally acting opioid analgesic, used in treating moderate to severe pain. The drug has a wide range of applications, including treatment for restless leg syndrome and fibromyalgia. Ketorolac- is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the family of heterocyclic acetic acid derivative, often used as an analgesic. Ketorolac acts by inhibiting the bodily synthesis of prostaglandins Aminophylline- is a bronchodilator. Diazepam- It is commonly used for treating anxiety, insomnia, seizures including status epilepticus, muscle spasms (such as in cases of tetanus), restless legs syndrome, alcohol withdrawal, benzodiazepine withdrawal and Mnire's disease. VentolinMannitol- is used as an osmotic diuretic agent and a weak renal vasodilator. Bumetanide- is a loop diuretic of the sulfamyl category to treat heart failure. It is often used in people in whom high doses of furosemide are ineffective. Diclofenac sodium- is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions.

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