Chemistry Matters for G.C.E.

O Level Textbook Answers

Chapter 2

Chapter 2

Measurement and Experimental Techniques

Answers to Textbook Exercises

Quick Check (page 26)

1. 35.2 cm3
2. (a) Burette (b) Pipette Quick Check (page 28) Ammonia, chlorine and hydrogen chloride are soluble in water. Soluble gases cannot be collected by displacement of water. Test Yourself 2.1 (page 29)

mixture of methane and water vapour

fused calcium chloride

Exercise 2 (page 30) Foundation 1. A 3. 2. C (a) 100 cm3 measuring cylinder (b) 50 cm3 gas syringe (c) 50 cm3 burette (d) 100 cm3 beaker (e) Watch glass (f) Test tube

Challenge 1. (a) (Possible answers) To investigate if taking tablets (meant to relieve indigestion) with alcohol would affect the speed of action by the tablets. To investigate if the addition of alcohol slows down the reaction between indigestion tablets and water / acid.

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Chemistry Matters for G.C.E. O Level Textbook Answers

Chapter 2

(b)

balloon

conical flask mixture of alcohol and water indigestion tablet

Variable to vary: volume of alcohol added to reaction mixture Variables to keep constant: volume of water : total mass of indigestion tablets Over a fixed time, the bigger the balloon inflates, the greater the amount of CO2 formed. That is, the more indigestion tablets has reacted. If the balloon is inflated less when more alcohol is added, it shows alcohol decreases the speed at which the tablets work. (i.e. react with water.) 2. (a) (i)

gas syringe dropping funnel concentrated ammonia solution

quicklime round-bottomed flask sodium hydroxide pellets

(ii) It would contain air.

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Chemistry Matters for G.C.E. O Level Textbook Answers

Chapter 2

(b)

ammon ia
gas jar

delivery tube ammonia Critical Thinking (page 31) 1. List should include: Purity of reactants Conditions of the reaction e.g. temperature and concentration Purification of products Method for checking for consistency of colour 2. Reasons should include: Easier to control the conditions Cost of extracting the natural substances greater than synthetic raw materials Greater quantities of natural substances required compared to the known amounts of synthetic materials required Natural substances may only be available seasonally

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