1 Nov 99 PHYSICS 1A 11 B 21 B 31 C 2A 12 A 22 B 32 C 3C 13 A 23 D 33 B 4B 14 C 24 D 34 A 5B 15 A 25 C 35 A 6A 16 A 26 A 36 C 7D 17 B 27 B 37 B 8C 18 D 28 B 38 C 9D 19 D 29 A 39 A 10 B 20 B 30 B 40 C

Paper 2 1ai,ii) bi) the car decelerates and the speed of the car decreases. ii) the acceleration decreases. ci) work done = force x distance moved = 0.11 x 0.90 = 0.099 J ii) KE at bottom = loss in pe + KE at top work done against friction = 0.50 + 0.30 0.099 = 0.701 J 2a) solid : C liquid: A gas : B b) The separation between molecules in a gas is much greater than the separation between molecules in a solid. c) i) molecules in a solid vibrates about a fixed position. ii) molecules in a liquid are mobile. iii) molecules in a gas move freely and randomly in all direction. 3a)

b) The rod moves into the paper. Using Flemings left hand rule, the force (thumb) is perpendicular to both the direction of magnetic field( first finger) and the direction of the current in rod (second finger). ci)the force on the rod is increased, it has a higher acceleration.

2 ii) it moves in the opposite direction. 4ai) On the diagram, join two ends of Y to the buzzer.

ii) low high

high low

OR bi) A :AND gate B: NAND gate

ii) output of AND gate is 0 whereas the output of NAND is 1. The output from the NAND gate is always the opposite of the output from the AND gate. 5a) Electrons are transferred from the cloth to the metal. bi) +++++++++ ----------------------

ii)

The negative charges on the leg neutralise with the positive charges on the aluminium foil leaving behind negative charges on the foil.

6. ai) The fuse is to prevent too large current flowing throught the bulbs. When the current is larger than the normal operating current, the fuse will blow. ii) So that when the fuse blows, the bulbs are electrically isolated from the power supply. b) P =IV, I = P/V = 60 / 230 =0.26 A c) no of lamps = 5 /0.26 = 19.2. max no = 19 7a) Geiger-Muller tube b) electron c) some of the radiation is absorbed by the carton. d) i) All the alpha particles would be completely absorbed by the carton.

3 ii) It is highly penetrating, it would pass through the carton and not stopped by it. 8ai) The constant temperature at which a substance is changed from the solid to the liquid state. ii) 59 oC

6sec

8 sec

Section B 9a) Apparatus: glass block, ray box , protractor, paper, pencil, ruler Place the block on a piece of paper. The ray box shines a ray of light through the block and the ray is visible on the paper. The incident ray and the emergent ray are then traced on the paper. b) i = 34.5o , r = 22.5o , n = sin i / sin r = 1.48 c) Graph di) when x = 90o, y= critical angle = 43o . ii) The largest possible value for x is 90, and the corresponding y is 43, therefore it is impossible to obtain y=50.

d) Similarity: as x increases, y also increases. Difference: both graphs give different values of critical angle. 10. a) As the volume of air decreases, the separation between the air molecules decreases. The frequency of collision between the air molecules and the walls of the pipe increases , causing pressure to increase.

b) i) P1 V1 = P2 V2 P2 = 1.012 x 105 Pa ii) different in pressure = 1.012 x 105 - 1.000 x 105 = 0.012 x 105 Pa

iii)

P=hg h = 0.12 m

ci) The water level in the left side rises, and the level in the right falls until both levels are the same. Diagram

ii) use a liquid with density lower than that of water. 11.ai) ii) radio wave, infrared visible, ultraviolet. iii) radiowave: use for transmission of radio and TV signals. infrared : intruder alarm, remote control. ultra violet : detect counterfeit notes; cause tanning of skin and skin cancer. iv) can pass through vacuum, same speed 3 x 108 m/s in vacuum/ air transverse wave (any 1)

bi) Very high frequency alternating voltage is applied across a piezoelectric crystal in a transducer. When the natural frequency of the vibration of crystal matches the frequency of the applied frequency, resonance occurs and a strong beam of ultrasonic waves is emitted, and then transmitted into the body in the form of longitudinal wave where it is reflected or absorbed by the internal organ. ii) f = 100 x 20000 =2 x 106 Hz = v/f = 1500 / 2 x 106 = 7.5 x 10-4 m

5 Nov 2000 PHYSICS 1D 11 C 21 B 31 C 2A 12 C 22 D 32 A 3C 13 C 23 -B 33 B 4B 14 B 24 B 34 A 5B 15 A 25 A 35 B 6D 16 D 26 C 36 B 7A 17 D 27 C 37 D 8C 18 B 28 B 38 C 9D 19 C 29 B 39 D 10 D 20 B 30 B 40 C

Paper 2 1 ai) C ii) At A it has max KE. As it travels upwards, potential energy increases and kinetic energy decreases. Therefore it travels slowest at C. ( If the object is moving vertically upwards, velocity is zero at the highest point.) bi) weight = mg = 0.20 x 10 = 2.0 N ii) KE = mv2 v = 5.0 m/s 2.a) scale : 1cm : 5.0 N Diagram resultant force = 34.5 N b) WD = F x d = 16 x 0.20 = 3.2 J 3.a) The air molecules are in continuous, random motion. They collide with smoke particle, causing it to move in a erratic manner. b)

c) all the points of light would drift in one particular direction. 4 a) Diagram

6 b) diminished, inverted. c) camera 5a) amount of energy required to change 1 kg of water to steam at constant temperature. b) the steam condenses to form water. c) heat required = mc = 500 x 4.2 x (100 20) = 168000J d) final mass = 500 + 168000/2250 = 575 g 6.ai) arrows are in clockwise direction. Diagram

ii) region nearest to the wire,ie along the surface of the wire. b) refer to Physics Essay, similar to plotting magnetic field around a magnet. 7a) Helium nucleus b) beta has weaker ionising power. c) The electric field produces forces on the ions. The positive ions are attracted to the negative plate and the electrons are attracted to the positive plate. The moving charges result in a current. d)
241 95

Am

237 93

Np +

4 2

He

8a) R = V /I = 3.8 /0.25 = 15 ohms b) As current increases, temp rises, the gradient of the graph decreases showing an increase in resistance as R = 1/ gradient. Section B 9a) i) work done in bringing a unit charge between the two points. ii) iii) I = P /V = 36 ? 6 = 6 A The lamp would be over heated and blow.

bi) V = 4V, I = 6 A ii) 1. Diagram

no of turns in primary = 20 no of turns in sec = 12 2. The alternating current in the primary coil produces changing magnetic field . The iron core links this changing magnetic field to the sec coil, emf is induced in the sec coil. iv) B has the better solution. There is very little power wastage in using transformer. In A, there is power wastage as heat in R. vibration of air molecules direction of wave motion vibration of air molecules is parallel to the direction of wave motion.

10a)

8 DEC 2001 1C 11 C 21A 31 A Paper 2 1a) velocity and acceleration bi) Both forces are in directly opposite direction. ii) both forces are in the same direction. iii) 5N 5N 2A 12 C 22 A 32 B PHYSICS 5054/1 3D 13 C 23 B 33 B 4A 14 B 24 C 34 D 5D 15 B 25 A 35 D 6D 16 C 26 D 36 A 7A 17 D 27 B 37 A 8B 1828 A 38 A 9A 19 D 29 D 39 B 10 B 20 A 30 A 40 A

resultant= 5N equilateral triangle 2a) 00 C b) c) d) t= (lt l0 ) / ( l100 l 0 ) x 100 = 75 0 C energy = C = 2.4 x 100 = 240 J resistance of platinum wire.

3a) i)label the part where the coils are closer to each other. ii) compression-a region where the separation of the two nearest coils is the smallest. both the particles and the coil oscillate in a direction along the direction of the wave.

iii)

bi) measure from one compression to another compression , 3.0cm ii) f = v/wavelength = 75/ 3 =25 Hz 4) a) 1.8/10 =0.18 cm b)The light rays undergo refraction since the speed of light decreases as the light rays enter the plastic disc and the refracted rays bend towards the normal.

9 ci) draw rays that bend towards normal as they enter the plastic and bend away from the normal as they travel out of plastic. ii) 0.7/10 =0.07cm ( approximately) d) move the lens vertically upwards. 5a) P=IV I= 10.4 A b)i) 1.25mm ii) the wire may overheat and lead to fire. C) live and neutral wire comes into electrical contact when the insulation of the wiring becomes damaged. 6) a)

bi)negative charge from drop 1 neutralised with the positive charge from drop 2. ii) drop 1: positive drop 2 : negative c) energy required in bringing a unit charge from one point to another. 7)a) iron can be easily and strongly magnetized. It does not retain its magnetism. Steel is less easily and less strongly magnetized but can retain much of its magnetism. b)i) there is a change of magnetic flux in the coil. ii) deflect in opposite direction. 8)a) Unstable nuclei emit alpha, beta and gamma rays in a random manner. b) strong penetrating power, able to penetrate through the even packaging. Not deflected by magnetic and electric field. c) radiation can cause cancer, radiation burns and damages to our body. 9) ai)The energy can be transferred through the vibration of molecules. The molecules of the heated end pass on the vibration to the neighbouring molecules.

10 ii) KE no change ( no change in temp) PE increases ( there is a change of state) iii) When the steam molecules collide with the walls, the steam molecules exert a force on the walls, Since P = F/A, a pressure is produced. Bi) F = PA =60 N ii) weight of the mass M required = 20 N ( use F1x d1 =F2 x d2 ) M= W/g = 2.0 kg iii) Move the mass M nearer towards the pivot. Increase the surface area of valve and hole. 10) ai) As temp rises, resistance of thermistor decreases. The total resistance of the circuit decreases and the current increases. ii) 1. I = V/R = 12/504=0.024 A 2. V=IR=0.024 x 4.0= 0.096 V bi) When the temp rises, the resistance of the thermistor drops. The current through the relay coil increases and closes the relay switch, current now flows through the switch. ii) 1.pd across the thermistor = 10 V 2. R = V/I = 10 /0.1 =100 ohms c) Fig 10.2, pd across motor is always 12V,it can operate at its max capacity. 11)ai) distance = speed x time = 15 x 20 = 300 m ii) work done = F x d = 1200 x 300 = 360000 J iii) Power = WD /t = 360000/ 20 = 18000W bi) KE = mv2 = 90000J ii) At the beginning of braking period, the speed was high. The loss in kinetic energy at the beginning is greater than the loss in KE towards the end.

11
NOVEMBER 2002 Paper 1 1. 6. 11. 16. 21. 26. 31. 36. D C C A D C C D 2. 7. 12. 17. 22. 27. 32. 37. D D C A B A A C 3. 8. 13.'B 18. 23. 28. 33. 38. C B D C C C B 4. 9. 14. 19. 24. 29. 34. 39. C A B D D D C A 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. 35. 40. B A A D C D B C

Paper 2 1. (a) (b) see txt (c) (i) 180 N cm (ii) (d) 2. (a) (i) TIR occurs, light is from denser to less dense and i > c (ii) refraction occurs, theres change in speed, faster in air. (b) Angle x = 23 (c) can transfer more data at any time/ less interference/less data loss/less energy loss/ligther and cheaper 3. (a) (i) Radiowaves (ii) v = f since v is constant, when increases, f will decreaser (b) (i) tall bldgs will block the wave (ii) there is energy loss so repeater will increase the energy again 4.(a) 2.0, 0.2, 0.9, 1.2, 3.0 (b) Air-conditioner (c) Meter reading = 6357.8 kWh (d) heater carries larger current, so to reduce heat loss/power loss/overheating R is kept low by increasing area of wire (P=I R) 5. (a) (i) The hot gases will expand thus will have a lower density
2

F=4.5N the cg is lower so it will only topple at larger angle of tilt/ it will take a larger angle of tilt

before line of action of weight falls outside area of base.

12
(ii) when heated molecules will gain KE and vibrate faster. They will knock against neighbouring molecules and transfer the KE to them..so heat is transferred from hot to cold region. (b) when gases pass through ve wires, they will become vely charged. So they be attracted to the +vely charged plate as unlike charges attract. 6. (a) liquid (b) It is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of unit mass by 1 C c) use 1 g of liquid heat = 1.4 x1x15 = 21 J/g so less than 200 J/g 7. increase ( Vol increase) same (same as Patm) increase ( temp increase, KE increase, vel increase) decrease ( since P is same and vel increase, frequency of collision must decrease) 8. (a) as turbine rotate, there will be change in magnetic flux in the coil, so there will be induced emf. As N pole approach coil, N pole will be induced in coil to oppose it. When the N pole leaves, a S pole will be induced on coil. So emf will be alternating. (b) double peak (V = 0.1 V), period (T = 10mms) and time to second wave is also halved 9. Not in syllabus 10. (a)(i) Pressure = 15 N/cm (ii) 15 N/cm
2 2

(iii) Force = 6000 N (b)(i) Volume = 100 cm (ii) Distance = 0.25 cm (c) valve A - opens valve B - closes piston Q - remains at the same place (d) 11. Air is compressible whereas oil is not. Not in syllabus
3

13
12.
0.014 0.012 0.01 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.002 0 0 1 2 3 4 5

(a)(i)
(ii) grad 330 m/s (b)(i) Time interval t = 5 ms (ii) Distance d = 1.65 m (c) distance too small/time taken too small/ human reaction time will make time recorded for sound very inaccurate/ too many echoes (d) faster speed as sound travel faster in water. Water particles are closer together compared to air particles. 12 Or (a)(i) PE = mgh (ii) 130 m (b)(i) energy cannot be created or destroyed but can transformed from one form to another (ii) Total energy = KE + PE = 1118000 So KE = 1118000 PE (from column B) (c) Velocity of the car = 51.0 m/s

14 Nov 2003 Paper I 1. B 2. A 8. B 9. C 15. C 16. A 22. C ' 23. C 29. D 30. B 36. C 37. A Paper 2 1

3. C 10. D 17. D 24. D 31. C 38. D

4. D II. C 18. B 25. g . 32. D 39. B

5. C 12. B 19. B 26. D 33. B 40. A

6. A 13. A 20. D 27. B 34. A

7. A 14. A 21. D 28. B 35. D

(b) Gravitational field is the region where gravitational force acts on any object in that region. (c) (i) 195 N (ii) 305 N (iii) 305 / 65 = 4.69 2. (a) Position C, since the perpendicular distance from line of action is greatest. (b) F= (120 x 34) / 80 = 51 N. 3. (a) virtual, upright, magnified

4. (a) The air molecules oscillate back and forth about their individual equilibrium positions in the direction parallel to the direction of propagation of sound. (b) (i) Frequency of wave is the number of oscillations in one second. (ii) =v/f=320/2000 =0.16m

15 distance =3 = 0.48m (c) T = 0.002s; frequency = I /T = 500 Hz 5. (a) The randomly and rapidly expanding moving air molecules hit the wall of the bottle and exert a pressure on it. Pressure is the force exerted by the air molecules on a unit area on the wall. (b) When temperature of the air falls, the air molecules travel at lower velocities, thus the air pressure in the bottle decreases and the air pressure outside the bottle is higher than the one in the bottle, causing the bottle to become partially crushed. 6. (a) (i) Compass needle rotates anti-clockwise and points to the West. (ii) Compass needle rotates clockwise and points to the East. (b) Compass needle vibrates around the North direction at 50 times a second. 7. (a) (i) The force acts upward, perpendicular to side AB. (ii) Using Fleming's left hand rule, the direction of the force is indicated by the thumb which points upward. (b) (i) Upward (ii) When the coil makes a half turn, a counter moment that opposes the original rotation is produced in the coil. This prevents the coil from rotating continuously. (c) The insulation prevents current flow during the half turns. Thus the moment that opposes the original rotation would not be produced at every half turn. 8. (a) 1. Increasing the number of turns of secondary coil. 2. Decreasing the number of turns of the primary coil. (b) Iron can be demagnetized more easily than steel. (c) (i) Power = Voltage x Current 36W=24VXI I=36/24= 1.5 A (ii) Ip(240 V) = 36 W Ip = 36/240 = 0.15 A 9. (a) (i) The resistance across soil contacts is very high when soil is dry. Thus input B is low. (ii) The resistance of LDR is high when it is dark . this leads to input A becoming low when it is dark. Conversely, when it is bright, the resistance in LDR decreases. Hence input A becomes higher. (b) 1,0,1,0 (c) (i) input A - 0, input B - 0, input C - 1 (ii) light level - dark; soil condition - dry (d) The light level will be lower in order to switch on the pump. This is because when resistance of RI is increased, the voltage across R, or input A is higher. Hence resistance in LDR can be higher - which means light level to sum on the pump can be lowered. 10. (a) (i) The denser cool air in the ice box sinks and displaces the warmer, less dense air. This sets up convection currents which eventually keep the whole food compartment cool. (ii) The fins are black as black is a better radiator of heat than lighter colours. Heat can be lost more quickly to the surrounding. (b) (i) Energy required = mxlf =(20gx16) x330)

16 =10560J (ii) There is no change in temperature during the freezing. Thus no heat is absorbed by the plastic tray. As a result, the heat capacity of the plastic tray does not affect the answer. (iii) Heat energy removed = Power x time 10560=30xt T =352 s 11. (a) This is to ensure that light signals will arrive at the output end given that the transmission of light is not 100% efficient.

(b) A cladding B Glass core The speed of light in the cladding is higher than the speed of light in the glass core. Thus the refractive index in the cladding ik Ahan that of the glass core. As a result when light strikes the boundary surface (line Ab) with angle of incidence that is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection occurs. (c) (i) 40 x 100 V 4000 V (ii) p.d. = I x R = 0.8 A x(0.7 x 7500)!Q = 4200 V (iii) p.d. = 4000 V + 4200 V = 8200 V (iv) thermal energy lost per second per km = I2 x R = 0.8 z x 0.7 = 0.448 J OR (a) First of all, the background radiation is measured by recording the count rate as measured using a GM tube. Then the count rate from the radioactive source is measured at regular fixed intervals of 30 minutes over a period of 6 hours. The background count rate is subtracted from each measurement and the actual count rate from the source is measured as shown in the table below. A graph of the count rate of the radioactive source against time is plotted. From the graph, the time taken for the count rate to fall by half is measured. A number of measurements are made and an average value is calculated. The average value is the half-life of the radioactive source. The results can be tabulated as shown below. Result (ii) Alpha radiation can cause ionisation of atoms in human cells. Hence when the source causes ionisation of atones In the t)NA, the cell will do something very different from what it is supposed to do and in tum may become cancerous. Gamma rays have less ionisation effect, Plot a graph of

17

18 Nov 2004 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Paper 2 1a) P has a greater gradient as compared to Q. { gradient of dist-time graph = speed} b) speed = dist / time= 120 km / 1.5 h =80 km /h c) draw a line starts from 30 mins , parallel to line P. 2.a) larger b) difference in height = 30mm Pressure difference = h d g = 30/1000 c) i) same diff in water level ; 30mm ii) double in difference in height , ie 60mm 3 a) He reaches max speed when forward force= resistive force forward force F = 320N, therefore resistive force = 320N, From graph, v=8.4 m/s x 1000 x 10 = 300 Pa B C B D D D A A C A B C A D A B B B C B 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 B A B C A D D D C B A D A C C B B A C C

19

b)i) KE = mv2= x 60 x 8.42 =2100 J ( only 2 to 3 sf accepted) ii) mgh = 2120 60 x 10 x h = 2120 h = 3.5 m (2sf) 4. a)smoke particles are collided by air molecules at different angles, different times or unevenly resulting eratic motion of smoke particles. b) air molecules are in continuous, random motion in all direction . 5. Many candidates did not realise that ray 1 was totally internally reflected and drew a refracted ray inside the air bubble. A significant proportion of candidates incorrectly drew the continuation of ray 2 as a refracted ray bending downwards (towards, rather than away from, the normal) as it enters the air bubble but almost all candidates drew ray 3 correctly with no deviation on entering the air bubble.

ai) draw a line: (normal: pass through centre of circle) ii) mark angle between ray and normal. b)draw lines: bend away from normal, then bend towards the normal ci) When light travels from Vacuum(air ) to a medium, sini / sin r = n ii) n = speed in air/ speed in medium = 3.0 / 2.2 =1.4 6ai) (2sf)

ii) up and down 4 times in 1 sec b) v = f

20 0.80= 4 x = 0.2 m c)use f= 2 Hz 7a)i) Due to repulsion of like charges ,electrons are repelled to the right end of the sphere, leaving positive charge on the left side of the sphere.

+ + _

b) + + +

21 c) positive charges evenly distributed.

+ + + d) plastic + + +

8)a) to step down the voltage b)i) P= IV , when high V is used, I can be minimised. Less energy will be wasted as heat in the cable due to joule heating. ( Power loss = I2 R) ii) Thicker cable has lower resistance. Power loss = I2 R . Lower resistance will cause smaller thermal energy loss. c) i) Np / Ns = Vp / Vs ii) Np / 48000 = 20k / 275 k Np= 3490 turns

Section B Question 9 (a)(i) Conduction: When outer layer of the copper pipe is heated, the molecules vibrate more. The molecules pass on the vibration to the neighbouring molecules. In this way, energy is transferred from molecule to molecule. (ii) Boiling requires energy. When the alcohol absorbs enough heat energy , it starts to boil. When the energy is transferred to the cold water, it condenses as condensation releases this energy. (iii) the movement of the alcohol vapour, molecules or liquid is fast down the tube, as the large pressure difference is likely to cause a rapid movement from the high to the low pressure ends of the tube. (b) specific latent heat is the energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of the liquid to gas or gas to liquid without any change in temp. (b)(ii) ml = mc x change in temp 25 x 840 = 500 x 4.2 x change in temp

22

change in temp= 10 0C. Question 10 (a) (i)

1 0

0 ( becos OFF) 1

OFF ON

(ii)Component P is a thermistor,.

(b)(i) the resistance of the thermistor decreases as temperature rises, (ii)current increases (iii) pd across Q increases. (iv) the p.d. across P decreases (c)The advantage of a variable resistor is that it allows an operator to change the temperature that the buzzer comes on at.

(d) 0 input to the NOT gate, output would be 1. This occurs when the temperature is low and then there is a greater p.d. across component P.

Question 11 EITHER (a)(i) When there is in fact no current at all in the coil since there is a short circuit. In (ii) the brushes may not be in contact with the rings and thus no current can flow. (b)(i) moment as the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot. (ii) total moment = Fx d + F x d= 3x 0.065/2 x2 = 0.195 Nm. (iii) the perpendicular distance is the greatest when the coil is horizontal.

23 (iv) moment

time 1 rev OR (a) beta 1. negatively charges 2. is an electron 3. stopped by a few mm aluminium 4. can be deflected by electric and magnetic field

gamma No charge Electromagnetic wave Stopped by a few cm lead not deflected by electric and magnetic field

(b)- it takes time for the radioactive iodine to travel through the bloodstream, -decay is random. (b)(ii) (40+38+36+40) / 4 = 38.5 per second, (iii) 38.5 : 2 cm3 = 144000: x X = 7480 cm3 (3sf) 8days 20 8 days 10

(iv)

40

Ans: 10 per second. (c) Use tongs/ forceps to handle the material. The most often quoted precaution was that the doctor should wear a lead-lined suit or use lead-lined gloves. A radioactive suit is not sensible. Many candidates gave suggestions such as wear a mask or coat but these were not considered sensible suggestions for a Physics examination.

24 2005 PHYSICS 5052 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Paper 2 Section A 1 (a) Mass is the amount of matter in a body. (b)(i) The names given to the two forces : tension and weight. It was expected that the two forces should be drawn along the central line of the diagram. tension C C D C B A B D A A C C C A B D D B C D 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 C C C B B C D B B D C D A D C C B C B D

Weight (ii) Weight = m g = 0.40 x 10 = 4.0 N ( must give 2 s f) Tension = weight = 4.0 N (2sf) (c) the mass moves upwards because there is a resultant force upwards. The tension had increased ,the tension is greater than the weight, thus producing this resultant force upwards. 2 (a) Pressure is due to molecules colliding on the walls of the container, producing a force on the wall. [1] As there are more impacts on the larger area, but that the number of impacts per unit area was the same, therefore the pressure is the same.[1] (b)(i) Work Done = Force x distance= 50 N x 0.015 m = 0.75 J

25 (ii) Boyles Law: PV = constant P1V1 =P2 V2 1.0 x105 x V = P2 x 0.8 V P2 = 1.25 x105 Pa Answers: (b)(i) 0.75J, (ii) 1.25 x105 Pa. 3 (a)

s in 6 0 n = = 1 .4 7 s in 3 6

sin30 n= sin r

, r = 19.8

(b) (i) wavefront - the line joining points having the same phase on the wave, e.g. the line joining crests along a wave. (ii) 1. the wavelength decreases ( as seen in the diagram) 2. the speed of the wave decreases. 3. frequency is constant 4 (a) x ray , ultraviolet , infrared, microwave (b) The uses of ultra-violet radiation : 1)production of a suntan, 2)sterilization, 3)vitamin D, 4)the testing of banknotes ( checking of counterfeit notes) (c) Properties : 1) transverse waves, 2)able to reflect or carry energy, 3) having the same speed in vacuum or air 4) able to travel in a vacuum 5 (a) The diagram showing increased loudness and pitch refer to the board. (ii) louder sound has larger amplitude and higher pitch has higher frequency or shorter wavelength. (b) (i) electrical energy changes into chemical energy when a battery is charged. (ii) chemical energy changing to electrical energy and then to sound. (two stage energy process ) 6(a) In (i), Due to the repulsion of like charges(electron in metal discharge ball repelled by the electrons in metal dome), the negative electrons move to the right. The electrons move down the rod making the metal discharge ball positive. (ii) X (b) Q = It ,1mC = 10-3 C,Answer: (b) 0.00133A.

26 7 (a) The iron rods were magnetised with the ends of each rod next to each other have the same magnetic pole. Therefore they repel each other. (b) There should be no movement when one of the iron rods is replaced with a copper rod. Copper is a non-magnetic material. 8 (a) alpha and beta particles are stopped by the lead or inner container and that some of the gamma rays can escape from the box. (b) 1) handle the source using tongs or tweezers 2) wear gloves and special suits (c) The Geiger-Muller tube. The number of counts in any time period, or the reading of a rate meter, varies at different times shows the random nature of radioactivity.

Section B Question 9 (a) the resistance increases as the p.d. increases, because the gradient of the I - V graph decreases as resistance = 1/ gradient. (b)(i) 1.5 v + 12 v = 13.5V, (ii) V = IR , R = 1.5 V / 0.8 A= 1.88 ; (c)(i) 0.8A ( from graph) , (ii) I through L is 2A, total I = 2.0 + 0.8 = 2.8A, (iii) R = V / I = 12 V / 0.8 A = 15 , (iv) 1 / R = 1/ 15 + 1 / 1.87 , R = 4.3 . 10(a)(i) When the card falls, it first block off the light from the light beam, less light falls on the LDR , its resistance increases. When the light passes through the square hole, more light falls on the LDR , its resistance decreases. Then the card block off the light again as it falls , less light falls on the LDR , its resistance increases. (ii) When the card falls, it first block off the light from the light beam, less light falls on the LDR , its resistance increases. For a potential divider, the fixed p.d. 6V was shared in varying amounts across the two resistors, as resistance of LDR increases, the pd across the fixed resistor decreases and pd across LDR increases. V across LDR = ( RLDR / ( Rr + RLDR ) x 6 V (b) NOT gate: a HIGH output (1) is obtained from a LOW (0) input, which refers to low p.d.across LDR [1mark]( LDR has low R when there is light falls on it) The LED was off when the card blocks the beam of light.[1] (c) i) Distance = v x t = 1.0 x 0.03 sec = 0.03 m for pulse 1

27 For pulse 2 : average speed = dist / time = 0.03 / 0.015 = 2.0 m/s ii) acceleration = V- U / t (2.0 1.0 ) / 0.103 = 9.7m/s2 11. EITHER (a) 1. Measure the mass of water boiled away. ( mass before boiling m2- mass after the boiling stops m1) 2. Measure the time taken for the mass of water to be boiled away the time measured from the start of boiling. Power x time = mass x lv Power can be calculated . (b)(i) E = P x t = 2000 x 6 x 60 = 720 000J, (ii) E = 2 kW x 6 / 60 = 0.2 kWh, (iii) 720 000 / 0.2 = 3 600 000J. (c)When the liquid evaporates, latent heat is required to break the bonds between the molecules or to separate them.Therefore , only the more energetic molecules can escape, leaving behind the less energetic ones, therefore the liquid cools. OR (a) (i) 6x 60 / 0.00462 = 77 900 ( 3sf) (ii) 0.00012 J x 77900 = 9.35 J ( 3sf) (iii) 9.35 J = mc x temp rise = 50 g x 4.2 x = 0.04450C b) the brain is not made from 50 g of water and the specific heat capacity of the brain and water are likely to be different. (c) i) The definition of power : energy change or work done per unit time ii) 9.35/72 = 0.13 ( 0.20 W x 6 x 60 s = 72 J) Answers: (a)(i) 77 900, (ii) 9.35J, (iii) 0.0445C; (c)(ii) 0.13.

(m2-m1)with

28

PHYSICS 5052 Nov 2006 Answers

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 a b c D D A C C D D C B B C B C A C A D B C B 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 D B A C B D B B A D D B C A C D C C C B

distance = 12 x (28 12) = 192 m a = (v-u)/t = (28-12)/34-28)= 2.7 m/s2 distance = 1/2 (30)(10) = 150m therefore car did not reach end of town as 150m < 192m

2. a 10 m/s2 b(i) weight of the paper is equal to the air resistance acting on it in the opposite direction. So resultant force is 0. acceleration is 0. speed is constant. (ii) weight is greater than the air resistant acting on the coin. So resultant force is not zero. Coin will accelerate. C both will fall together at the same speed Fall faster Time to reach bottom is shorter Acceleration is constant at 10 m/s2

3 a(i) means both are at the same temperature and there is no net heat gain or loss between the two teapots. (ii) they are both at the same temperature room temperature

29

b(i) teapot is at a higher temperature than the surrounding. Heat will be lost to the surrounding through radiation. Heat will be be conducted to the outside of the pot and then futher lost to the surrounding through convection of the air. (ii) black. It is a better radiator of thermal heat/infra-red radiation. 4

40

40

25 a(i) (ii) n = sin 40/sin 25 = 1.5 (2sf) b(i) it cannot occur because the light is traveling from less dense to denser material (ii) it is defined as the angle of incidence in the optically denser medium for which the angle of refraction in the less dense medium is 90 degrees. 5.

a b c(i) (ii) 6 a b. c

S N S N test it with both poles of a magnet. It there is repulsion then it is still magnetized. insert in solenoid with ac current. Slowly withdraw to a few metres away.

potential energy is converted to KE as the water drops. (2000-1200)/2000 x 100 = 40% sound KE of the water that flows away from wheel PE of water that fall midway of wheel Friction as wheel turns

7 a b

electromagnetic induction deflect

30 c no deflection. The wire does not cut the magnetic flux so there will be no induced emf d using fleming right hand rule. Index finger point from north to south. Thumbs point downward. The middle finger will give the direction of the current. 8. a b(i)

(ii) (iii)

16 V R=8 V = RI I = 16/8 = 2 A V = RI = 6 x 2 = 12 V V = RI 9 = 6I I = 1.5 A V = RI 16- 9 = R (1.5) R = 4.7

31 9 a(i) ti is the turning effect of the force about the pivot and is given by the multiplication of the force with the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot. (ii) M = 0.1 x 2.6 cm = 0.26 Ncm b(i) A

(ii) the weigh is now vertically below the pivot. The perpendicular distance from the weight to the pivot is now zero. Thus the moment is zero. c The CG is lower The area of the base is bigger 10 a(i) earth (ii) the lamp outer part is an insulator. So even when the live wire touches it there will not be any current flow. b(i) (ii) means it produces 100 J or energy in 1 s P= IV 100 = Ix 230 I = 0.43 A Fuse = 0.5A or 1A (iii) E = Pt = 100 x 30 x 60 = 180 000 J 11

32 a potential energy is converted to Kinetic energy when the gas and dust fall inwards. The KE is then converted to thermal/heat energy b High temperature means high KE. High KE means high velocity.

C same no of protons but different no of neutrons. H has 1 p and 1 n. But H has 1 p and 2 n.

OR a b(i) NOT and AN

Output from Heater b(ii) When sensor is hot, the resistance of the thermistor will be low. Thus the pd across the thermistor will be low and the resistance across the fixed resistor will be high. So the output is high. c(i) NOT (light sensor) - high NOT ( heat sensor) - high AND high NOT (light sensor) - low NOT ( heat sensor) - high AND low heater that turns on when it is night time

(ii)

33
5052 Physics November 2007

PHYSICS
Paper 5052/01 Multiple Choice Question Number Key Question Number Key 1 C 21 C 2 B 22 A 3 B 23 C 4 C 24 D 5 D 25 B 6 C 26 D 7 A 27 B 8 D 28 B 9 B 29 C 10 B 30 C 11 C 31 B 12 C 32 A 13 A 33 D 14 A 34 D 15 D 35 C 16 A 36 C 17 B 37 C 18 A 38 B 19 D 39 B 20 D 40 A Difficult Q Question 9, 20 and Question 28 Section A Question 1 (a) (i) 0-2 and 16-24 s. For both intervals, net F is zero. (ii) 0 2 s, the car was initially at rest. 16- 24 s the car moves at constant speed (b) (i) Use driving F = 0 or 2500N , both can be accepted. F = ma. 2 2 a= 0 or 2500/ 850 = 2.94 m/s or 0 m/s were (the formula had to be shown in both cases)
2

(ii)

Net F= ma = 850 x 2= 1700 N Net F = Driving F - Resistive force 1700 = 2500 Resistive F Resistive F = 2500 1700 = 800 N From the graph, t = 6.4 seconds.

Question 2

34
(a) X-rays are able to penetrate the body, are absorbed by bone, cause little harm or low ionisation in the body, or are able to affect a photographic film or cause fluorescence. (b) The medical uses most often chosen were cancer treatment and sterilisation of medical equipment. gamma rays are able to penetrate through the body to the cancer or travel deep into the materials being sterilised, that they cause high ionisation in killing the cancer or bacteria, or even that the energy of the gamma ray is high. Question 3 (a) Vernier calipers are able to read to 0.1 mm.

(b) (i) W = mg 1.80 N / 0.1768 kg = 10.2 N/kg (ii) Density = mass / volume = 176.8 g / ( 4.01x 2.04 x 1.12) = 19.297g/cm
3

(iii) The calculated value of the density of the bar was 19.297 g/cm3 and the density of pure gold was given as 19.281 g/cm3. It was intended that candidates should realise that the readings used to calculate the density were only given to 3 significant figures and that some error is possible. Thus it is entirely possible that the bar is made of pure gold. However most candidates stated definitely that the bar was not made of pure gold as its density was higher. Some strong candidates did correctly evaluate the situation and explain the possibilities. Question 4 (a) PV = constant, 150 x 10 x 1x105 = P x 1200 P = 1.25 x10 Pa . (b) the pressure increases because more molecules per second or per square metre hit the tyre walls. A reference to collision of molecules with the walls of the tyre was crucial. Force on the wall increases, P = F/A, therefore P increases. Question 5 (a)(i) energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of liquid to gas without any change in temperature. (ii) P xt = m l 1.2 x 1000 x t = 400 x 2250 t= 750 sec (b)The jet of steam produces more energy because the steam condenses to water and liberates latent heat. Or there was more internal energy in the steam or the increased energy was caused by breaking of bonds as the water boiled. Internal Energy = PE ( depending on state of matter, liquid) + KE ( depending on temp)
5

35

Question 6 (a) (i) The ray is not refracted as it enters the glass block because its angle of incidence is 0 .

(ii)

n = speed of light in air / speed of light in glass 1.5 = 3.0 x 10 / v V = 2.0 x 10 m/s
8 8

(iii) Both the speed and wavelength increase as the light leaves the glass block. b) Draw a refracted ray between normal and RS, bends away from the normal. (c)The majority of candidates suggested that the ray of light is totally internally reflected at R. Since the diagram was not drawn to scale and the refractive index, as calculated from angles in the diagram, was not exactly 1.5, other answers were accepted by the Examiners, such as refracted away from the normal, refracted along the surface or even just reflected. Question 7 (a) (i) power = potential difference x current (ii) fuse ratings of integral value between 9 and 20 A were accepted P = 2000 W, P = I V , 2000 = I x 230 , I = 8.7 A (iii) 0.2 kW x 15/60 h = 0.05 kWh (b) Fuse X blows when P and Q are connected and fuse Y is unaffected (or the current through fuse Y becomes zero). both air-con and the refrigerator are switch off, do not work or are unharmed. Question 8 (a) electrons move from the plate to the cloth. (b)(i) the charge on the plate is neutralised.

(ii) The diagram was usually drawn correctly with some attempt to show negative at the bottom and positive at the top of the particle. (iii) Most candidates scored one mark for a statement that negative charge on the particle was attracted to positive charge on the plate. One mark was awarded either for realising that the repulsion between positive charges on the plate and particle was weaker than the attractive force or that the negative charge on the particle cannot flow onto the plate since the plate is an insulator. Section B

36
Question 9 (a) The ammeter reading decreases The numerical values required were either that the reading of voltmeter 1 decreases from 12 V or that the reading of voltmeter 2 increases from zero.

(b)(i) draw a curve current- voltage graph of a lamp.

(ii)

As current increases, the lamp gets heated up, resistance increases, therefore the slope decreases ( slope = 1/ R) for I-V graph

(iii)

Q=It,

From the graph, I = 0.15 A , Q = 0.15 x 5 x 60 = 45 C . Question 10 2 2 5 (a)KE = m v = x 700 x 40 =5.6 x 10 J (b) The marks in this question were reserved for an increase in gravitational potential energy ( due to slope)and for one other form into which the energy is transferred, such as heat . (c)(i) PE = mgh = 700 x 10 x 3.0 = 21000 J (ii) Total Energy = gain in PE + work done against friction 560000 21 000 = 539000 J Work done against friction, F x d = 539000, F = 539000 / 40 = 13500 N

(d) Many possible factors were allowed, such as the roughness or type of surface or tyre, mass or weight of the car, the size, evenness or distribution of the stones and even the wind speed ordirection. Some candidates did not appear to understand what was meant by a factor that affects the value of the frictional force and merely stated air resistance, friction or even distance. Air resistance was not an acceptable answer as this would depend on the cars speed. Question 11 EITHER Not in the syllabus OR (a) (i) Y-shift control was adjusted to move the trace down, that the Y-gain was adjusted to produce a larger trace vertically and that the time base was adjusted to give a larger distance between the pulses on the screen.

37
(ii) 3.5 x 5 = 17.5 mV Time: 7 x 0.1 = 0.7 s (b) (i)the magnetic field or flux within the coil changes or that magnetic field lines cut the coil. Emf is induced .(In some answers it was not clear that the field within the coil itself was changing or that the lines actually cut the coil.) In (ii) the right-hand grip rule was correctly stated as showing that the direction of the current was correct as it predicts a north pole at the coil of the magnet which repels the incoming magnet.

38 NOVEMBER 2008 Paper 1 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.A 10 D 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.C 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.B 26.D 27.B 28.B 29.C 30.D 31.B 32.B 33.A 34.C 35.A 36.A 37.B 38.D 39.A 40.A Paper 2 1. (a) Vector has direction and magnitude, scalar has magnitude only. (b) Acceleration/ forces/velocity/displacement

30 200N TB

TC (c) Sin 30 = TC/200 Tc = 100N Cos 30 = TB/200 TB = 173 N 2. (a) GPE decreases, KE increases then decreases, elastic PE increases (b) 80x10x56 = 44800 J (c) (80)v2 = 23000 v = 24 m/s

39 3. (a) milli voltmeter metal 1 metal 2 hot junction in engine cold junction/ice point metal 1

(b) the voltage produced is proportional to the temperature difference between the cold and hot junctions. thermocouple can be calibreated by measuring the voltage when the 2 junctions are placed in ice and steam. (c) The metals have high melting points, hence it can be used to measure high temperature/Suitable to measure quickly changing temperature/can measure temperature at precise location or location that is remote. 4. (a) (i) 10-9m (ii) v = f 3 x 108 = 10-9 x f f = 3 x 1017 Hz (b) Addition or removal of electrons from neutral atoms/molecules (c) (i) X-ray radiation may cause damage to the molecules and cells (ii) Microwaves when absorb can cause heating up 5. (a)

(b) n = sin 42/sin 30 = 1/sin c c = 48.4 (c)

40

optical fibre light ray (ii) Inside of optical fibre is optically denser than the outer part of the fibre. At each point of incidence, the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle. Hence total internal reflection takes place each time. 6. (a)

(ii) Refraction of light takes place at the two surfaces of the lens. light ray changes speed as it enters the lens and again as it leaves the lens. angle of incidence are not equal to zero. (b) Object is placed between the lens and the principal focus. 7. (a) (i) I remains zero. (ii) Until a certain value of V about 0.6V I remains zero. When V varies above this value, I increases slowly at first and then steeply. (b) V = IR 0.8 = 8 x 10 -3 x R R = 100 (c) No, I don't agree. When V is negative, the current is zero. Resistance will be very high. 8. (a) When the a.c. passes in the primary coil, the direction of resultant magnetic flux alternates. The iron core links this changing magnetic flux to the secondary coil. This change of magnetic flux passing in the secondary coil, induces an output voltage in it. (b) ratio = 25000:400000 = 1:16 (c) Current = 12000/16 = 750 A (d) I will be small thus energy loss in the cables is low.

41 9. (a) (i)F = ma but the total mass is not double as it is mass of car + load, so a is not halved. (ii) as car travel faster, friction and air resistance increase. thus the resultant force acting on car ( angine force friction ) will reduce. When the friction/air resistance have the same value as the engine force,resultant force = 0 so a = 0, car will not accelerate and v wil not increase anymore. (b) (i) 10.9 = 49 000/t t = 4500 s (ii) 4.24 x 10 3 x 4500 = 1.9 x 107 J (iii) E = PVt 48 x 95 x t = 1.9 x 107 t= 4180 s (iv) All energy supplied during the charging is stored in the battery. There is no energy loss. (c) There is no 'smoke (carbon particles or gases) emitted into the air. Lesser pollution. 10. (a) (i) 1. Polystyrene is a poor conductor of heat. it also traps air which is also a poor conductor of heat so heat form outside cannot be conducted into the refrigerator. (ii) cool air contracts and density increases, it sinks. warmer air, less dense, rises. Convection current is set up and whole refrigerator is cooled. (iii) Smooth white metal surface is a poor radiator of thermal energy. (b) (i) 100 x 4.2 x 4 = 1680 J (ii) 3 x 4.2 x 46 = 580 J (iii) 1680 580 = 1100 J (iv) 3 x lf = 1100, lf = 367 J/g 11. Either (a) (i) The wire which is kept at high potential. (ii) The wire which is kept at 0 V (b)(i) the 5A fuse is supposed to limit the current to less than 5 A, if the fuse is changed to 30 A, current larger than 5 A can still flow. this may cause overheating and damage to appliances. (ii) if there is a fault and live wire touches outer casing, the outer casing will become live thus a person touching it may get electric shock. The earth wire would have provided an a path for the current to flow to the earth and cause the fuse to blow, thus appliance will be isolated form live wire. (c) The circuit breaker can be reset, while the fuse wire has to be change

42

Set up circuit as shown set rheostat to max and record ammeter reading observe if fuse blows repeat exp by slowly decrease rheostat resistance and I increases to 1A, 2A etc until 5A observe if fuse blows 11 Or (a) as temp R for thermistor so total R so I V = IR so V also (b) V = 36 V 1.6/(1.6+R) = 36 R = 1070 (c)

note the V for thermisto and 1.6 k resistor must add up to 6 V (d) water bath, Bunsen burner, thermometer the thermistor is immersed in the water bath, the water bath is heated and temp noted when desired temp is reached V is recorded