Concept Test 1

V=0
extreme point
V=0
extreme point
amplitdue, A
equilibrium position
F
net
= 0
V = max

equilibrium extreme point 02 . 0 5 T
4
1
= , frequency=2.5 Hz
max speed equilibrium position, A =
( )( ) f 2 15 . 0 =
= 2.36 m s
-1





Concept Test 2

A
2
1
A v =

2
1
A
A
2
1
cos = =
= 60
u = vsin
u = vsin 60
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
2
3
v u
3
u 2
v =



Concept Test 3
object platform remains in contact normal reaction 0 R

R
mg
+ve


[ ]
[ ]
cm
.
g
A
A g
A g m R
mA mg R
A m R mg
ma F
net
1
2 0
1
2
10
0
2 2
2
2
2
2
=
(

|
.
|

\
|
=

=
=
=
=

Concept Test 4

6 s
2 s
B
x
0.3 m
x
C
A
cos A

Period, T = (2 + 6) s = 8 s
From x to x, T
4
1
s 2 t = =
360 T
2 T
4
1
2 = 90, = 45
CB = A Acos 45 = 0.3 m
3 . 0 ) cos45 - A(1
o
=

) 45 cos 1 (
3 . 0
A
o

= = 1.02 m


Concept Test 6
(1) simple harmonic motion acceleration, a displacement, x
( ) x a Q
(2) projectile motion (i.e. constant acceleration = g)
(vertical velocity)
u
x
=constant
u
y resultant velocity
a=g=10 m s
-1

(3) uniform circular motion velocity
(centripetal acceleration)
r
v
a
c
2
=
v
B
v
A





Concept Test 7
2
max max
mv
2
1
KE =
2
) r ( m
2
1
=
) f 4 r ( m
2
1
2 2 2
=
) f 4 025 . 0 05 . 0 (
2
1
10 0 . 3
2 2 2 3
=


Hz 2 . 2 f =




Concept Test 8
amplitude=
1000
5 . 0
f = 250 Hz
2 2
X A v = m
( )
2 2
1000
4 . 0
1000
5 . 0
250 2 |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
= = 0.47 m s
-1



Concept Test 9
(1)
O
mg
x
o
T = kx
o

at equilibrium position, mg = kx
o

tension m
(2)
mg
x
o
T = k(x
o
+A)
O
A

tension = k(x
o
+ A)
tension = kA + kx
o

y = mx + c
Tension is directly related to A, but it is not proportional to A.




Concept Test 10
O
X
Y
Z

(1) point Y equilibrium position, acceleration point Y







(2)
level Y x
o
mgstrain energy level Y
0 kx
2
1
2
o

(3) level Z displacement (Q x a )
displacement = max
a = max
F
net
= max


Concept Test 11
a =
2
x
a
1
x
2

=
y = mx

0
a
x

x
o
kx
o
mg
level Y
(equilibrium position)


Concept Test 12
(1) v = A
v A
(2) Total energy of the system = KE
max
of the system
Total energy,
2
mv
2
1
E =
v
m
E 2
=
E v
(3) KE
max
of the system = PE
max
of the system

max
2
PE mv
2
1
=
m
PE 2
v
max
=

max
PE v



Concept Test 13
total energy =
2
kA
2
1


( )
( )( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
T
4
2 . 0 05 . 0
008 . 0
T
2
2 . 0 05 . 0
008 . 0
05 . 0 m
2
1
004 . 0
m
k
( 05 . 0 k
2
1
004 . 0
2
2
2
2 2
2

=
=
=
=
=
= = Q




Concept Test 14
mass forced oscillation()driving force




Concept Test 15
X
A
0
Period Period
time, t

(1) (i.e. constant)

(2) damped oscillation energy
Q
2
amplitude energy
energy , amplitude
(3) (Amplitude, A),
2
kA
2
1
E =
(Mechanical energy) .





Concept Test 16
(1)
(S.H.M.)(damped oscillation)
equilibrium position
F
Net
= 0
kx = mg
x m.
(2) (1)
h
(3) (1)(damped oscillation)




Concept Test 17
120
1 . 0
12
m
k
= = = Q
equilibrium position, v = max = 0.5 m s
-1
,
max acceleration, v a =
=( )( ) 120 5 . 0
= 5.5 m s
-2



Concept Test 18
( )
|
.
|

\
|
= =
2
A
v ,
2
A
A if , A v
new max
Q
max
v
2
1
=

2
A
A if , kA
2
1
. E . P max
2
= Q
2
new
2
A
k
2
1
. E . P
|
.
|

\
|
=
4
A
k
2
1
2
=
max
. E . P
4
1
=
Period,
K
m
2 T = amplitude


Concept Test 19
(1) L
B
= L
Heavy bob

f
B
= f
driving
(resonance)
driving frequency = natural frequency amplitude, A = max
(2)
(3) Out of syllabus




Concept Test 20
x
equilibrium
position
restoring force, kx

(1) restoring force displacement (i.e. F = k x)max displacement
max restoring force
(2) Elastic P.E. =
2
kx
2
1

Elastic P.E. , as x
(3) max displacement (i.e. extreme point)




Concept Test 21
A v *
max
= Q
1 = (0.5)( )
= 2 rad s
-1
* equilibrium position 0.3 m
2 2
x A v =
= ( ) ( )
2 2
3 . 0 5 . 0 2
= 0.8 m s
-1






Concept Test 22
*
tension
mgsin
mgcos
mg

(1)
(2)
(3) weight()tension
sin mg mg



Concept Test 33
equilibrium positions K.E. = max = E =
2
kA
2
1

Let the displacement of the object from the equilibrium position be x
2 2
kx
2
1
kA
2
1
E
4
3
=
2 2 2
kx
2
1
kA
2
1
kA
2
1
4
3
=
|
.
|

\
|

2
A
x =




Concept Test 34
A
y (displacement)x (acceleration)
Q a =
2
x
x =
2
1

a
(straight line)
B
a F
net
Q
y (force) x (displacement) y
(acceleration)
Q a =
2
x
(straight line)
C
y (kinetic energy)x (displacement)
Q v =
2 2
x A m
KE =
2
1
mv
2

=
2
1
m
2
(A
2
x
2
)
KE =
2
1
m
2
x
2
+
2
1
m
2
+ A
2

y = ax
2
+ bx + c
i.e. concave downward
D
y (speed)x (displacement)
v =
2 2
x A m
v
2
=
2
A
2

2
x
2

1
A
x
) A (
v
2
2
2
2
= +

(ellipse)


Concept Test 36
(i.e. extreme point)
A

1 Amplitude = constant ( Amplitude depends on initial condition)
2 Max. PE =
2
1
kA
2
= constant
Max PE = Max KE = constant

2
1
mv
2
= constant
when mass, m, velocity, v.
3 T = 2
k
m

m, T
4 a
max
= v = v
T
2

v and T
a
max
.
mass v, T, a
max
.



Concept Test 37
(1) At steady state, driving force = damping force, Energy input = Energy loss
The system would oscillate with driving freq.
(2) The amplitude of oscillation would become infinite if there are no damping force and
driving freq. = natural freq.
(3) out of syllabus.



Concept Test 38
spring constant k.
k
k
m
(connected in series)
(effective force constant) =
2
k

equilibrium position : (
2
k
)(e) = mg 1
k k
x
o
2m
(connected in parallel)
(effective force constant) = 2k
equilibrium position: 2kx
o
= 2mg 2
From 2, x
o
=
k
mg

From 1,
k
mg
=
2
e

x
o
=
2
e


Concept Test 39
Force - displacement graph acceleration - displacement graph.
a =
2
x
y = mx
i.e.
F
x



Concept Test 41
P Q
Q
P
Q
0.2 s
0.1 s
0.3 s
0.2 s
180 - 2

O

The object passes points P and Q with the same speed,
POP =QOQ = , ( v = Asin)
POQ = + + 180 2 = 180
180 0.3 s
T 0.6 s



Concept Test 42
(1) T = 2
k
m
, m, T.
(2) P Q (i.e. same tension)(i.e.
released from rest)P Q
amplitude() (i.e. initial condition)
(3) Max KE = Max PE
Max PE =
2
1
kA
2

same A, same Max PE and Max KE.




Concept Test 43
x
U
F

= Q
x
U
0

U
when x > 0 0
x
U
>

F < 0
when x < 0 0
x
U
<

F > 0





Concept Test 46
Lecture Notes Page 18





Concept Test 48
P Q O X X'
2 s
2 s
3 s
3 s 3 s
3 s
3 s
1
st
2
nd
3
rd




Concept Test 49
(1) (any magnitude)
(2) equilibrium position
(3) (i.e. isochronous oscillation)




Concept Test 51
k
k
k k

( )
1
2
k 2
m
2
2
k
m
2
T
T
parallel
series
=
|
.
|

\
|
=

Concept Test 52
450 mm 475 mm 500 mm 525 mm 550 mm
A
A/2
60
o
30
o
Period, T = 1.5 s
360 s 5 . 1
o
30 t t = s
8
1



Concept Test 53
T = 2
k
m
A 2A

A
(i.e. period is independent of amplitude)
B
(maximum momentum) = MV
max

= M( A )
A 2A
M( A ) M( A 2 )
C
D
2
max
kA
2
1
PE =
2
max
A PE
A 2A
max
PE 4
max
PE