ZAvhns alXz Page 1

ZAvhns
alXz
] ]] ] . [ [[ [
[ Malayalam aebmfw ]


A_vZp aenIv A Jmknw/Zmdp
Jmknw
,
. .
.

hnh\w:
Ap Pm Ap




1432 - 2011
ZAvhns alXz Page 2

hnhI\v ]dbphm\pXv
CkvemanI {]t_m[\w t{ijvTIhpw
AXnbmb ]pWyapXpamIpp. t\hgnbn
{]hnp {]t_m[I Anbmap
keofpsS amn Nenph\pw A
hcpsS A\cmhIminbpamIpp. Amlp
( )]dbpp:

) : 108 (
{(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: CXmWv Fs amw. Zr
Vt_mytmSv IqSn Amlphntev Rm
Wnpp. Rm\pw Fs ]n]nbh
cpw. Amlp F{X ]cnip! Rm (Ah
t\mSv) ]ptNp IqneXs.} (kq
d: bqkp^v: 108)

{]t_m[\w {]hmNI( )s amam
sWpw _kzodtmSpIqSnbmWv AXv \n
lntsXpw Cu Bbv DWpp.
_kzodv Fm, {]t_m[Iv hgnsXfn
ZAvhns alXz Page 3

bnp D]Imc{]Zamb AdnhmsWXn
]nXm GIm`n{]mbmcmWv. AYhm, a
X]chpw _pn]chpw {]IrXn]chpamb e
yfn m]nXamb idCbmb m\
amWv _kzodv. {]t_m[I kzoIcnt
ssienIfpw amfpw C{]Imcw Amlp
( ) DWpp:

) : 125 (
{bpIvXn ZotbmSpIqSnbpw, kZp]tZiw ap
tJ\bpw \ns cnXmhns amntev
\o WnpsImpI. Ghpw \ coXnbn
Ahcpambn kwhmZw \SpIbpw sNpI.
Xobmbpw \ns cnXmhv Xs amw
hnv ]ngpt]mbhscn \hw Adnbp
h\s{X. kamw {]m]nhscnbpw \
hw Adnbph\s{X.}(kqdx Alv:125)
ZAvhns alXz Page 4

{]t_m[\w Ignhpw tijnbpap Hm
tcm apkamtbpw _m[yXbmWv. AXn\p
{]Xn^etam AXnalchpamWv. Am
lphns dkq( ),Aenn( )t\mSv ]dp:

.
.

(Amlp XsbmWv kXyw, Xm ImcW
m Hcmv Amlp, lnZmbv \In
bm AXmWv Xmv Hcp Nph HIw D
mIpXnt\mfpw DaambXv) (_pJmcn)

CkvemanImZintep ZAvhn
\v km[yXItfsdbpXpw AXn\mXs
_m[yXI `mcnXpamb HcpImeLnem
Wv \mw PohnpXv. Ahkc apXseSp
v Hcp hnizmknp DchmZn
{]tbmKhXvIcnth\mWv apkvenw. Am
lp( ) ]dp:

.
.

ZAvhns alXz Page 5

) : 41 (
{`qanbn \mw kzm[o\w \Inbm \akv
Imcw apd t]mse \nhlnpIbpw, kImv
\IpIbpw, kZmNmcw kzoIcnphm I
npIbpw, ZpcmNmcn \nv hnepI
bpw sNphcs{X Ah (B anX). Im
cyfpsS ]cyhkm\w AmlphnpXm
Ipp.} (kqdx Alv: 41)

ZAvhv \nlnpXn hogv N hcp
pXns\Xncnep XmoXpIfpw apdnbn
pIfpw AXn`ojWhpw AXnihpamWv.
Amlphns dkq ( ) ]dp:

.
.

Fs BXv amhv BcpsS InemtWm Ah
XsbmWv kXyw, \n \InpI X
ZAvhns alXz Page 6

s thWw. Xn hntcm[npIXs thWw.
Asn Amlp Ahs in \nfpsS
ta Abm\mbncnpp, Atm \nf
ht\mSv {]mnpw, Fm AXnv \n
v Dcw e`npIbn
1
\InpI
bpw Xn hntcm[npIbpw D]tZiw D]Icn
pIbpw sNbvXhmWv c. Xn sImSn
Ipn hmgpIbpw \bpsS hmm au
\nIfmhpIbpw sNbvXm cbpsS I
Fmhcpw DsS appsaXv Xncpsamgnbm
Wv. sXpXncpph _m[yX \ndthnbXn
\v tijw, sXpsNph sNhnsmmXn
cnpIbmsWn inbn\nv \ I
nphsc Amlp( ) IcIbpw. Amlp
( ) ]dbpp:

.
.

.
.

) :
165 (

1
kp\\pnapZn.A_m\n lZoYns\ lks\v hntijnnnpv.

ZAvhns alXz Page 7

{Fm Ahsc HmsSpnbncpXv A
h adv Iftm Zpjv{]hrnbn \n
v hnenbncphsc \mw csSppI
bpw, A{IanIfmb BfpIsf Ah [nmcw
ImWnXns ^eambn \mw ITn\amb in
aptJ\ ]nSnIqSpIbpw sNbvXp.} (kqdx A
AAvdm^v: 165)

BbXn\m, kmw ]Tnv, AXn N
env, AXntev shfnw ImWnphcn
\mw Ghcpw DsSpI.

.

) :
181 (
{kXyns ASnkvYm\n amZi\w
\IpIbpw,AX\pkcnv Xs \oXn \Sp
Ibpw sNp Hcp kaqlw \mw krjvSnh
cpsS Iqnepv.}(kqdx AAAvdm^v: 181)

ApaenIv AIzmknw Xmdmnb
Xpw Zmdp Izmknw ]pdndnbXpamb "DZv
ZAvhns alXz Page 8

D Cem k_oen dznI' F eLp teJbp
sS hnh\amWv "ZAvhns alXz'
F t]cn sImpIrXnbmbn \nfpsS ap
n kanpXv. IrXnbpsS Ahkm\
n ZAvhns hnjbn ]nX
t{ijvTcpsS GXm\pw kp{][m\ ^XvhIfpw
sImSpnpv.

Cu hnh\w kqvaambn ]cntim[n
v hnes \nti \InbXv _lp: ap
lZv kzmZnIzv AaZ\nbpw jd^po ]q
pd AhIfpamWv. AhtcmsSmap IrX
X tcJsSppp. \psS \mY Xs
Ain\p]cnbn CXv Hcp kIambn
kzoIcnpamdmIs Ahs hPvlns\ \ap
smw {]Zm\w sNpamdmIt Bao.


Ap Pm Ap


ZAvhns alXz Page 9


kvXpXnI apgph\pw Amlp( )hn\v
am{XamIpp. \psS {]hmNI aplZv \
_n( )bnepw Xncp\_nbpsS IpSpw_nepw
A\pNcmcnepw Xncp\_nbpsS amn
hgn\Shcnepw kzempw kemapw Am
lp( )hn \nv kZm hjnpamdmIs.

Rm Hcp ^nenss tZimcs\ I
p. Atlw Hcp {InkvXob ]ptcmlnX\pw
anj\do {]hI\pambncpp. Amlp( )
Atln\v kmw I\np.Ckvemans\
s\ntephm Amlp( ) Atln\v
lrZb hnimeX \In. AXn ]ns At
lns {]hrn Fns\bmbncppshv
Xmv Adnbptam? Xs \mpImsc At
lw {]t_m[\w sNphm XpSn. GXm\pw
hjnSbn Atlns Icfm
\membnctmfamfpI Ckvemw Bt
jnp. kplrt, Cu \membncamfpIfpsS
ZAvhns alXz Page 10

ssIIfm C\nbpw F{XbmfpI Ckvemw
kzoIcntpw. AXns\ XpSv F{Xam{Xw
]pWy Atln\v Ay\mfphtcpw
e`np sImncnpw. Fmw Atln\v aw
KfamIt.
Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:

((Bscnepw Hcp \ Adnbnv sImSpm
AXv sNph\v e`npXpt]mep {]Xn
^ew Ah\pw e`npw)) (apkvenw) Camw \h
hn( ) ]dp: ""{]kvXpX Adnbn hmp
sImtm BwKywsImtm FgppsImtm
Bbmepw icn.''

ktlmZcm, Amlp( )hntep ZAv
hv, Ghpw alXzap ]pWyIfn
sXpw AXnt{ijvTamb \IfnsXpam
Wv. Cu Zo FnpIbpw AXns\ {]Xn
tcm[npIbpw AXns hrw kwcnp
Ibpw sNp amtW FmhcptSbpw Xym
K ]cn{iafpw \njvfamb tkh\
ZAvhns alXz Page 11

fpw AoW, Ahn{ia Azm\fpw Bh
iyamIpp. Amlp( )]dp:

'

) : 1,2 (
{tl, ]pXp aqSnbht\, Fgptv (P\
sf) XmoXv sNpI.} (AapYvYn: 1,2)

kplrt, Ckvemans afmb \mw
Cu aXn\pthn \nesImpnmsbn
CXn\p thn \ne sImphm Bcpv?

Amlp( ), CkvemamIp A\p{Klw
sImv Xmsf BZcnpIbpw Imcy
Xmv FfpamncnIbpw Xm G
hpw almb hgnbn {]thinpXn\p
thn amw XcsSpncnIbpw sNbv
Xp. Camw C_v\pIznw( ) ]dp: ""Am
lp( )hntep ZAvhv apkeofptS
bpw Ahsc A\p[mh\w sNphcptSbpw
IhyamIpp.''
2


2
PemD A^vlmw 1: 415.

ZAvhns alXz Page 12

ktlmZcm, hh\pw Hcp CkvemanI {]
knoIcWw kanm Ah {]t_mI
\mWv. hh\pw Hcp CkvemanI tIkv k
m\npItbm, Hcp Adnhnmhs\ ]Tnn
pItbm, Hcp \ AdnbnpItbm Hcp Zo
\o kwkmcw \SpItbm sNbvXm Ah
\pw {]t_m[I\mWv. {]t_m[\ns Ihm
S hnimehpw am Ffphpw kcf
hpamWv. Amlpth \n\pam{XamWv kvXp
XnIfJnehpw.

ZAvhn\p at\mhocyw IpdbpIbpw
Zp_eX ]nSnIqSpIbpw sNptmsgmw {]
t_m[I\p taIfpw AXnalmb {]Xn
^efpw Xm HmpI.









ZAvhns alXz Page 13

{]t_m[\ns alXzfpw
{]t_m[I\p {]Xn^efpw
Hv:
ZAvhv \nln {]hmNImsc
A\p[mh\w sNepw Ahsc ]n]epam
Wv. Amlp( ) ]dp:

) : 108 (
(\_ntb) ]dbpI, CXmsWs amw. ZrV
t_mytmSp IqSn Amlphntev Rm
Wnpp. Rm\pw Fs ]n]nbhcpw.
Amlp F{X ]cnip! Rm (Aht\mSv)]
p tNp IqneXs.(bqkp^v: 108)

Camw A^dmAv( ) ]dp: ""{]hm
NI( )s\ ]n]nb Fmhpw, Atlw
WnXntev WnpIsbXpw hnip
IzpB sImpw kZp]tZiw sImpw
Dt_m[\w \SpIsbXpw _m[yXbm
Wv''
ZAvhns alXz Page 14

cv:
ZAvhv \Ifntep apthpw
{]Xn^e t\SpXnep DLSamb C
bpamIpp. {]t_m[Imsc ]pIgvnsm
v Amlp( ) ]dbpp:

) : 33 (
{Amlphntev Wnphs\m
hninjvSamb hmv ]dbp amcpv?} (^p
zneXv: 33)

Camw iuIm\n( ) ]dp: ""Amlphn
tev Wnpht\m Da\pw Ah
s amtm kphyamb amap
h\pw In\v A[nIcn {]Xn^eaph
\pambn bmsXmcmfpan.''

aqv:
Ipd In\v IqSpX Iqenbpw
]pWyhpw t\Sphm\p amamWv ZAvhv.
\_n( ) ktmj hm Adnbnp sImv
ZAvhns alXz Page 15

]dp:

((Bscnepw Hcp \ Adnbnv sImSpm
AXv sNph\v e`npXp t]mep {]Xn
^ew Ah\pw e`npw)) (apkvenw)

Xm Hcmv Ckvemans\ Adnbnm
AbmfpsS Ckvemantbpw IfptS
bpw \akvImcntbpw t\mntbpsamw
{]Xn^en\v XpyambXv Xmpapm
bncnpw; AXv AbmfpsS {]Xn^es Hpw
IpdpIbnXm\pw. lns\ Ipdnv Xm
Hcmv hnhcw \Inbm AbmfpsS l
ns Iqenv XpyambXv Xmpapm
bncnpw. {]t_m[\w hnimeamb Hcp IhmS
amIpp. Amlp( ) A\p{Klnh AXn
{]thinpp.

\mev:
Amlp( )hn \nv kmhpw ku
`mKyhpw I\nbpsaXv ZAvhns ^eam
Ipp. Amlp( )]dp:
ZAvhns alXz Page 16

.
.

) : 69 (
\psS amn kacn Gs]hcm
tcm, Ahsc \psS hgnIfntev \mw \bn
pI Xs sNpXmWv.Xobmbpw Am
lp kZvhrtcmsSmamIpp(A_qXv:69)

Camw _Khn( ) ]dp: ""\psS Zo\n
s\ klmbnp amtW ""_lpssZhhn
izmknItfmSv PnlmZv sNbvXh''

Av:
kXnIfpsS \bnemWtm Cln
epw ]cnepw IIpfna. {]kvXpX \ {]
Xonmhp Ias{X ZAvhv.Amlp
( )hmIs I \mnbhcpsS {]Xn
^ew Hcnepw \sSppIbn. Amlp
( ) ]dp:

.
.

) : 9 (
ZAvhns alXz Page 17

{XfpsS ]nn Zp_ecmb km\sf
hntp t]mbm (AhcpsS KXnsbmIpsa
v) `bsSph (AtX hn[w aphcpsS
afpsS Imcyn) `bsSs. As\ A
h Amlpsh kqnpIbpw,icnbmb hm
v ]dbpIbpw sNs.} (AnkmAv: 9)

icnbmb hmpIfn Ghpw hninam
bXv Amlp( )hns amntep Z
AvhmIpp.

Bdv:
Isf {]Zinnv BfpI hnNmc
WsSpsSp Zn\w \IfpsS Xpemkp
I `mcw Iqphm \apmhpsaXv ZAvh
ns ^eamWv.

Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:

<

(Bscnepw kmntev (P\sf)
ZAvhns alXz Page 18

Wnm AXns\ ]npScphcpsS {]Xn^
ew Ah\papmIpw; AhcpsS {]Xn^en
\npw Hpw IpdbmsX Xs) (apkvenw)

Amlphns dkq( )]dp:

((Bscnepw Ckveman (hnkv acns) H
cp \ Ncysb ]p\cpohnnm, AXn\p
{]Xn^ehpw tijw AXv sNphcpsS
{]Xn^ehpw Ah\v Dmbncnpw; AhcpsS
{]Xn^en\nv Hpw IpdbmsX Xs))
(apkvenw)

Ggv:
ZAvhv Cl]c hnPb t\Sncp
ImcWfn HmWv. Amlp( ) ]d
p:

'
.

'
.

.
.

) : 1 - 3 (
ZAvhns alXz Page 19

{Imew XsbmWv kXyw, Xobmbpw a\p
jy \jvSn XsbmIpp; hnizknp
Ibpw kI {]hnpIbpw, k
Xyw ssIsmm At\ym\yw D]tZinp
Ibpw a ssIsmm At\ym\yw D]tZ
inpIbpw sNbvXhscmgnsI.}(AAkzvdv)

Fv:
ZAvhv i{XpsXncn hnPbw
t\Sncp ImcWfn HmWv. Amlp
( ) ]dp:

.
.

) : 7 (
{tl, kXyhnizmknItf, \n Amlpsh
klmbnp ]w Ah \nsf klm
bnpIbpw \nfpsS ]mZ Ddnv \n
pIbpw sNpXmWv.} (aplZv :7)

ImcWw. Amlp( ) idBnbXp sIm
v Ah Bcm[nsSpXpw XnI hn
ZAvhns alXz Page 20

]mS\w sNsSpXpw kaqlw inbptS
bpw hnPbntbpw hgnbn Nenphm
Bhiyamb {]Xm]ntbpw BZchnt
bpw Bib Ahcn {]NcnpXpw Z
AvhneqsSbmWv.

HXv:
ZAvhneqsSbmWv DX m\
t\SnsbSpsSpXv. Amax Apdlvam
AAvZn( ) ]dp: ""ZAvhns D
X ]Zhn t\SpXv kzicoctfbpw aph
tcbpw ]qXbnsenphm ]WnsbSp
p kznoIzofmbncnpw. Ahv Am
lphns XncpZqXmcn \np kq
amb A\cmhImiw t\SnsmSppXv
AhcpsS ZAvhmIpp.''

]v:
Amlp( )hns ImcpWyw ZAvhv \n
lnphmIpp. aepIfpw BIm
i `qanbnephcpw P\v \ ]Tnn
phv ImcpWyn\mbn Amlp( )
ZAvhns alXz Page 21

thmSv tXSpw.ImcWw,Ah Amlp( )hns
kq hN\fn \npw XncpZqXcp( )
sS XncpsamgnIfn \npw A\csaSp
hnm\amWv aphv Fnp \Ip
Xv. Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:

.
.
.
_

.
.
.

.
_

((Xobmbpw Amlphpw Ahs aepI
fpw BImifnephcpw `qXefneph
cpw amffnep DdppIfpw aky
t]mepw P\sf \ ]Tnnphv Im cp
Wy hjn\pthn {]mnp sImncn
pp))
3


]Xns\mv:
ZAvhv \nlnphmIpp C
l]c Dbbpw Hunyhpw. Amam C_v
\p Iznw( ) ]dp:""Amlp( )hns ]

3
kp\\pnapZn. A_m\n lZoYns\ kzloslv' hntijn
nnpv.

ZAvhns alXz Page 22

krnIfpsS ]ZhnIfn Ghpw D
IrambXv cnkmentbpw \p_pnt
bpw ]ZhnbmIpp. Amlp( ) aepIfn
\nv ZqXmsc {]tXyIambn sXscsSp
pp; a\pjycn\npw.''

]{v:
ZAvhv \nlnphp ]p
Wyw acWm\chpw \ne\npp.
Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:

(Bscnepw Hcp \ Ncy \Smnbm, A
Xv {]hnsSp Imetmfw Abmfp
sS PohnXImepw acWtijhpw AXn\p
{]Xn^ew Abmpv; {]kvXpX Ncy
Dt]nsSpXp hsc)
4



4
Xz_dm\n, apAvPap I_o. A_m\n lZoYns\ kzlo lp
lks\v' hntijnnnpv.

ZAvhns alXz Page 23

Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:

<

((Hcp a\pjy acWsm Xs AaepI
apdnp t]mbn;aqsw HgnsI. kzZIzp
Pmcnbx (\ne\np kzZIzx), D]Imc
sSpXmb Adnhv, X\npthn ZpB Cc
p kzmenlmb kXn(FnhbmWh).))
(apkvenw)

]Xnaqv:
Amlp( )hns Zo\n \ne\npI
bpw ktiw FnpIbpw sNphm
Ipp Ah\n\np kvt\lw. Amlp
( ) ]dp:

) : 33 (
{Amlphntev WnpIbpw kI
w {]hnpIbpw Xobmbpw Rm ap
ZAvhns alXz Page 24

kvenwIfpsS IqnemIpp Fv ]dbpI
bpw sNbvXhs\m hninjvSamb hmv ]
dbp amcpv?} (^pzneXv: 33)

Camw lk\p_kzcn( )]dp: ""A
mlphns hnfnv Amlphn\v Dcw \
Inb hnizmknbt{X CXv. Amlphns hnfn
v Ah\v Dcw \InbXntev P\sf
WnpIbpw Amlphn\v Dcw \In
bXn kpIrXw ]hnpIbpw sNbvXp
Cbm. Ctlat{X Amlphns l_o_v.
Ctlat{X Amlphns henpw.''

]Xn\mev:
a\n\v ktmjtaIpIbpw, lrZbn
\v hnimeX \IpIbpw (Imcy) XpS
bmbn \nlnphm klmbnpIbpw hn
] Lsf XcWw sNphm XmmhpI
bpw sNp, {]nbsXmb ZAvhns t\
amWv Xs hN\ Fnphv {]
kXbpmIphm \_n( ) \Snb ZpB
Av.
ZAvhns alXz Page 25

Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:

((Fs kwkmcs tIpIbpw AXv(P\
fntev) Fnv sImSppIbpw sNp
hs\ Amlp {]IminnpamdmIs. Imc
Ww, F{X m\w hlnphcmWv Ah
hlnp m\w ]qWambn Adnbmh
cmbnpXv. F{X m\w hlnphcmWv
Xtm Adnhphcntev Adnhv Fn
v sImSpphcmbn DXv.
5


Atm Cu ZpBAv Bsc tXSnsbn
tbm Ah\mIpp awKfw. Cu ZpBC\nv
Bcv Hcp hnlnXw t\Sntbm Ah\mIpp aw
Kfw.

]Xn\v:
Xs lZoYpI Fnphv Im

5
kp\\p C_v\namPx, A_m\n lZoYns\ kzloslv' hntijn
nnpv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 26

cpWyapmIphm \_n( ) \Snb ZpB
Av, ZAvhns amn ]mZaqn apt
dphm Ghpw henb klmbnbmWv.

Amlphns dkq( ) ]dp:
_
((Fn\nv Hcp lZoYv tIpIbpw A
Xv Xm\mhcntev FnpXp hsc
AXns\ kwcnpIbpw sNbvX HcmtfmSv
Amlp IcpWImWnt.))
6


Cv Zo Fnphm\p hgnI k
aramWv. {]t_m[nX\v Ghpw \mb \ne
bnepw kpcamtWbpw aXsanphm
CkvemanI hnjb DsImp {K
fpw tIkpIfpamWh. Ckvemw kzoIcn
Hcp hyn ]d ImcyamWv Rm Hmp
Xv. Abm kuZnbntev Hcp tPmenbmh
iymw hcnIbpw GXm\pw hj Chn
sS XpIbpapmbn. Fm Iemh[n Xo

6
kzlolp C_v\nlnm, ipsF_v AA\mDuXzv lZoYns\
kzloslv' hntijnnnpv.

ZAvhns alXz Page 27

v \mntev Xncnpthmfw Bcpw Atl
n\v Ckvemans\ ]cnNbsSppIbpm
bn. ]noSv Abm asmcp hnkbn tlm
sabv\kv tPmenmbn ChnsSsbn.
Atlw ]dbpp: Xs tPmennsS Hcp e
LpteJ Ip. tlm dqw hmSIsSp
hyn Xo taibn shXmbncpp AXv.
Rm AsXSpp t\mn. Ckvemans\ ]cnN
bsSppXmbncpp B eLpteJ. Ckv
emans\ Ipdnv At\zjnphm\pw tNmZnp
hm\pap XpSambn AXv. Rm Ckvemw
Btjnp. Fs amXm]nXmfpw `mcybpw
kXyZo kzoIcnp. tijnp IpSpw_
s Ckvemantesnphm\p {ian
emWv Rm\ntm.

Xm ImcWm Ckvemantev IS
p h Cu IpSpw_hpw apw Ay\mfn
hcnIbpw AsXmw Xs ]pyns GSp
Ifn shsSpIbpw \Ifmbn Fs
SpIbpw sNptm eLpteJ taipdp
sh B {]t_m[Is ktmjw F{Xam{X
ZAvhns alXz Page 28

ambncnpw?

]Xn\mdv:
ZAvhv \nln hnhn[ kzZIzxI
fn HmWv. Amlp( ) ]dp:

.
.

.

.

) : 3 (
{AZriyImcyfn hnizknpIbpw, \akv
Imcw apd{]Imcw \nhlnpIbpw, \mw \
Inb kn \nv sNehgnpIbpw sN
ph} (A_Izdx: 3)

Camw Alk( )]dp: ""Ghpw a
lmb Nnehgn hnm\w Nnehgn
emWv.''

DX\pw alzapSbh\pamb Amlp
( )thmSv, \ssbmw Ahs Zo\ntev Z
Avhv \Sp {]t_m[Icmphm\pw,hm
nepw {]hrnbnepw \apsmw \njvf
X {]Zm\w sNphm\pw Rm tIgpp.
ZAvhns alXz Page 29







ZAvhv :
Nne kp{][m\ ^XvhI
Hv
ZAvhv apKW\m{Iaw
?
Ckvemantep ZAvhv AXnt{ijvTamb
ktisanemWtm.\psS Cu h
am\ Imev Hcp {]t_m[I A\nhmcyam
bpw ssIImcyw sNt hnjb GsX
mamWv?

ZAvhns alXz Page 30


Amlp( )hntepw Ckvemantepap
ZAvhv apgph apkeofptSbpw Z
AvhmsWXn bmsXmcp kwibhpan.
Amlp( ) apgph apkeosf \ntbmKn
Xpw thZ{Ksf AhXcnnXpw Ah\n
tev WnpXn\p thnbmWv. thZ{K
fn AXnalchpw AXn t{ijvThpw
Ahkm\tXpamb hnip IzpB apgp
h\pw Amlp( )hntep Whpw, Ckv
emans\ Ipdnv ktmjadnbnepw,AXns\
XncnenepXns\ Ipdnv apdnbnv \I
epw, DXvIr KpWfntepw Da {]hr
nIfntepap Whpw, ZpKpWsf
Ipdnpw ZphrnIsfIpdpw A]mbw Adn
bnv \IepamWv.

\psS Cu bpKnembmepw FXv Ime
Lfnembmepw ]ca{][m\ambXv Amlp
( )hns XuloZntepw C_mZv Ah\p
am{Xw \njvIfampXntepap ZAvh
ZAvhns alXz Page 31

v BIpp. Amlp( )hns \mahntij
W hyampIbpw AXn hnizkn
ptXmsSmw Ah hXpt]mse Amlp
( )hns alXzn\v A\ptbmPyamwhn[w
"Xlvco^pw' (amnncp) "XwYoepw'(tIm
esSp) "XAvXznepw'(\ncmIcn) "X
Ivbo^pw'(Fns\sbp ]db) CmsX
Ah ncoIcnpXntepw ZAvhv \S
pIbmWv thXv. Amlp( )hns \ma
hntijWsf Cu hn[w kzoIcnpXv
hnip IzpB hN\sf {]tbmKhI
cnmWv. Amlp( ) ]dp:

'

.
'

'

.
<

) (
{(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: Imcyw Amlp GI\m
Wv FXmIpp. Amlp Ghpw B{i
bambnph\mIpp. Ah(Bpw) P
aw \Inbnn.(BcpsSbpw kXnbmbn) P
ZAvhns alXz Page 32

\nnpan. Ahv Xpey\mbn Bcpw CXm
\pw} (ACJvemkzv)

)
: 74 (
{BIbm Amlphn\p \n D]aI ]
dbcpXv. Xobmbpw Amlp Adnbpp. \n
Adnbpn.} (Alv: 74)

) : 11 (
{BImifpsSbpw `qanbpsSbpw {kjvSmhm
Ipp (Ah.) \np thn \nfpsS
hn \np Xs Ah CWIsf (D
mnncnpp.)AXneqsS \nsf A
h krjvSnv h[nnpp. Ah\v Xpeyam
bn bmsXmpan. Ah Fmw ImWph
\pw Fmw tIph\pamIpp. BImi
ZAvhns alXz Page 33

fpsSbpw `qanbpsSbpw {kjvSmhmIpp(A
h.) \np thn \nfpsS hn
\npXs Ah CWIsf (Dmn
ncnpp.) AXneqsS \nsf Ah kr
jvSnv h[nnpp. Ah\v Xpeyambn bm
sXmpan. Ah Fmw ImWph\pw F
mw tIph\pamIpp.} (Aqdm:11)

Amlp( )hntev Wnp {]t_m
[Isc kw_nnStmfw XuloZpdp_q
_nx (krnv ]cn]menpXnep Am
lphns GIXzw) apJhnesSppI F
Xv AhcpsSta \n_amWv. Cu GIXzw
apivcnpI AwKoIcnncpp. AYhm, A
mlp( )hmIpp apgph hkvXpfptSbpw
cnXmshpw krmshpw AZmXmsh
pw Fspw Pohnncnph\pw Fmw
\nb{nphs\pw D]Imc D]{Zh
DSasSpphs\pap hnizmkamWv
XuloZpdp_q_nx. Cu hnizmkw apkvenw
IfpsS ASpepw AapkvenwIfpsS ASp
epw AdnbsXmbncpp. A_qPleSap
ZAvhns alXz Page 34

Izpssdio Ip^v^mdpI CXv Adnncp
p. Ah XuloZp dp_q_nx AwKoIcn
Xn\m AXpsImv, Ah XuloZp Deq
lnx (Bcm[yXbnep Amlphns GI
Xzw) \ntj[nXns\Xncn Amlp( ) Ah
sXncn sXfnhv ]nSnp.

Amlp( ) {]hmNImsc \ntbmKn
Xmb XuloZns bmYmyw P\v
hyamnsmSp {]t_m[IcpsS ta
-Ah FhnsSbmbncpmepw \n_amWv.
Amlp( )hn ]ptNpsXncnepw Iz
_vdmfnIsf Bcm[npI, acWshtcmSv
klmbm \SpI, aumbhv t\
bmpI, Ahp thn AdppI, Ah
cpsS Iz_vdpIsf Xzhm^v sNpI, XpSn C
v apivcnpI sNp {]hrnIsXn
cnepw P\v apdnbnv \I {]t_m
[IcpsSta \n_amWv. C{]Imcw Xs
bmWv hn{Kltfbpw actfbpw IpItf
bpw PnpItfbpw aepItfbpw Anbm
tfbpw hnfnmcm[n. Fmw Amlp
ZAvhns alXz Page 35

( )hn ]ptNpXnsXmIpp. Hcp
a\pjy\pw, acWshtcmtSm actmtSm I
nt\mtSm hn{KltmtSm \{XtmtSm
AZriycmb aent\mtSm Pnnt\mtSm ap
hXnt\mtSm ZpB sNphm ]mSpX.
Fpam{Xa, CXp XsbmWv Amlp( )
hnip IzpB\n ]dXmb henb in
v. henb inns\ Ipdnv Amlp( ) ]d
p:

.

) : 48 (
{XtmSv ]ptNsSpXv Amlp Hcn
epw s]mdppIbn. AsXmgnpsXmw
Ah Dtinphv Ah s]mdpp
sImSppXmWv. B AmlpthmSv ]p
tNpthm Ah Xobmbpw KpcpXcam
b Hcp IpIrXyamWv Napmnbncnp
Xv.} (AnkmAv: 48)
ZAvhns alXz Page 36

.
.

) : 72 (
{AmlpthmSv hh\pw ]ptNp ]
w Xobmbpw Amlp Ahv kzw \n
jnampXmWv. \cIw Ahs hmkkvY
eambncnpIbpw sNpw. A{IanIv k
lmbnIfmbn Bcpw Xsbn.}(hn.Izp. A
amCZx : 72)

Fm, Pohnncnp, lmPdp, hy
ntbmSv AbmfpsS IgnhnsXv tXSp
Xn Ipgan. ImcWw, aqkm( ) tIm]vnIv
hwiPt\msSmp kw`hn Amlp
( ) ]dbpp:

.
.

.
.

) : 15 (
{Atm Xs Inbn s]h Xs i
{Xp hn`mKn s]hsXncn Atl
tmSv klmbw tXSn.(hn.Izp.AIzkzkzv:15)

ZAvhns alXz Page 37

dkqen( ) hnizknpIbpw Atlw
apgph a\pjycntepw PnpIfntepap
Amlphns ZqX\msWv kmyw h
lnpIbpw sNptXmsSmw Atls
]n] \n_amsWv P\v hy
amnsmSp {]t_m[I\v \n_
amWv. Fm \_namcnepw, Amlp( )hpw A
mlphns ZqXmcpw Adnbn Imcyfn
epw Ay\mfnepw kz \cIfnepw IzZv
dnepw AXns \Xnbnepw hnizkn
\n_amsWpw hyamnsmSp
{]t_m[I\v \n_amWv.

Cu AXn{][m\fmb ASnm\,
AYhm Amlphns GIXzw, Ah\nep
hnizmkw, apkeofnep hnizmkw, ap
keofn Ana\pw t\Xmhpamb aplZv
\_n( )bnep hnizmkw, Ay\mfnepw kz
\cIfnepap hnizmkw, aepIfnep
hnizmkw, Anbmv AhXcnn
s thZ{Kfnep hnizmkw IzZvdnepw
ZAvhns alXz Page 38

AXns \Xnbnepap hnizmkw Fnh
P\v hyamnsmSp {]t_m[
I\v \n_amWv. AXn]ns \akvImcw,
kImv, t\mv, lv, amXm]nXmv
]pWywsN, IpSpw__w ]pe, \
In Fnhbntesmw Wn
epw, hy`nNmcw, tamjWw, knepw icoc
nepw A`nam\nepw P\tfmSp A{I
aw, GjWn, ]cZqjWw, ]eni `pPn, \n
jnw kmZn, XpSnb XnI hntcm
[nepw Amlp( )hntev ZAvhv \S
p Hcp {]t_m[Is _m[yXbmWv.

Amlpth, \ns Xu^oIzn\mbn tIgpp.

\psS {]hmNI aplZv \_n( )bn
epw Atlns IpSpw_nepw A\pNc
mcnepw kzempw kemapw Amlp( )hn
\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs
7



7.

aPvaqD^Xmhm h aIzmemv, ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p
_mkv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 39







cv
hnPbIcamb {]t_m[\hpw
{]t_m[I\p \n_\Ifpw

? 1. hnPbIcamb ZAvhv GXmWv?
? 2. hnPbIcamb ZAvhv FhnsS \nv
IsSpphm\mIpw?
? 3. {]t_m[I\n DmtIXmb \n_
\I GsXmamWv?
? 4. Cu hnjbsf Ipdnv kwkmcnp
Nne {K DWnbmepw?
1.
ZAvhns alXz Page 40

{]t_m[I\v hgnsXfnbnp D]Imc
{]Zamb AdnthmSpIqSn \nlnsSp Z
AvhmWv hnPbIcamb ZAvhv. Amlp
( ) ]dbpp:

) : 33 (
{Amlphntev WnpIbpw kI
w {]hnpIbpw Xobmbpw Rm ap
kvenwIfpsS IqnemIpp Fv ]dbpI
bpw sNbvXhs\m hninjvSamb hmv ]
dbp amcpv?} (hn. Izp. ^pzneXv: 33)

) : 108 (
{(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: CXmWv Fs amw. Zr
Vt_mytmSv IqSn Amlphntev Rm
Wnpp. Rm\pw Fs ]n]nbh
cpw. Amlp F{X ]cnip! Rm (Ah
ZAvhns alXz Page 41

t\mSv) ]ptNp IqneXs.} (kq
d: bqkp^v: 108)

2.
hnip IzpB\n \npw Xncpkp
n \npw, kzlm_pw Xm_nCufpw
Ahsc ]nXpShcpw t\cmb hn[w AXn
s\ {]tbmKhXvIcnXn \npw hnPbIc
amb ZAvhv IsSpphm\mIpw.

3.
{]t_m[I\n DmtI \n_\I
fnsXmWv, ipsF_v \_n( )bpsS IYbn
Amlp( ) ]dXmb Imcy.ipsF
_v \_n( ) Xs P\XtbmSv ]dXmbn
Amlp( ) ]dbpp:

ZAvhns alXz Page 42

.
s

) : 88 (
{Atlw ]dp: Fs P\tf, \n
Nnnv t\mnbnptm? Rm Fs cn
Xmhn \np hyIvXamb sXfnhns\ A
hew_nph\mbncnpIbpw, Ah F\n
v Ahs hIbmbn Daamb D]Poh\w
\InbncnpIbpamsWn (F\ns
s\ kXyw adpshm Ignbpw.) \nsf
Rm Hcp Imcyn \nv hnepIbpw, F
nv \nfn \nv hyXykvX\mbnsmv
Rm Xs AXv {]hnpIbpw sNW
sav Dtinppan. F\nv km[yamb{X
\ahcpm\msX asmpw Rm Dtin
pn. Amlp aptJ\ am{XamWv F\nv
(AXn\v) A\p{Klw e`npXv. Ahs ta
emWv Rm `cta]nncnpXv. Ah\nte
v Rm XmgvatbmsS aSpIbpw sNp
p.} (hn. Izp. lqZv:88)


ZAvhns alXz Page 43

{]t_m[\ns ipIfmbn ChnsS
]dbpXv, Adnhv, lememb kmZyw, ZAvh
v sNpXn\v amXrIbmI, Inp
Xv kzbw {]tbmKhIcn, hntcm[np
Xn \nv kzbw hnp\n, \ \n
v, Imcy Amlp( )hntev Gn
, t_m[\hpw Xu^oIzpw Amlp( )hns
Icfn am{XsaXn\m Ah\n Xh
pem FnhbmWv.

{]t_m[I\n DmtI \n_\I
fn s]XmWv, kqdv \lven 125 mw Bb
n Amlp( ) ]dXmb Imcy.
Amlp( ) ]dbpp:

) : 125 (
{bpIvXnZotbmSp IqSnbpw, kZp]tZiw ap
tJ\bpw \ns cnXmhns amntev
ZAvhns alXz Page 44

\o Wnv sImpI. Ghpw \ coXnbn
Ahcpambn kwhmZw \SpIbpw sNpI.
Xobmbpw \ns cnXmhv Xs amw
hnv ]ngv t]mbhscn \hw Adnbp
h\s{X. kamw {]m]nhscnbpw Ah
\hw Adnbph\s{X.} (hn.Izp. A
lv: 125)
{]t_m[I\n DmtI asmcp \n_
\bmWv a. Amlp( ) ]dbpp:

) : 127 (
{\o anpI. Amlphns A\p{Klm
am{XamWv \n\v anm IgnbpXv.
AhcpsS (kXy\ntj[nIfpsS) t]cn \o
hyk\ncpXv. Ah IpX{w {]tbmKnp
Xns\n \o a\xtinemhpIbpw Acp
Xv.} (hn. Izp. Alv:127)
ZAvhns alXz Page 45

.
.

)
: 28 (
{XfpsS cnXmhns apJw eyamn
smv Imepw sshIptchpw Aht\mSv
{]mXvYnv sImncnphcpsS IqsS \o
\ns a\ns\ ASn \npI. CltemI
PohnXns Aemcw eyamnsmv
\ns IpI Ahsc hnpamdntmImXncn
s. GsXmcphs lrZbs \psS kva
cWsbhnp \mw A{iamnbncnppthm,
GsXmcph XnjvSs ]npScpIbpw A
hs Imcyw AXncp IhnXmbncnpIbpw
sNbvXpthm, Ahs\ \o A\pkcnp t]mIcp
Xv.} (hn. Izp. AIlv^vv:28)

4.
ZAvhns alXz Page 46

Cu hnjbn kwkmcnp {K
:
1. hnip IzpB. AXv \n a\x]mT
ampIbpw, ]mcmbWw sNpXpw ]T
\ hnt[bampXpw hnnpIbpw
sNpI. AXpsImv If\pjvTn
pXpw AXntev {]t_m[\w \S
pXpw \n apJy]cnKWbnseSp
pI.

2. Xncpkpv. ]TnpI, {]tbmKhXvIcn
pI, {]t_m[\w sNpI Fnhbnse
mw hnip IzpB\ntev kppw
tNpI. ImcWw, kpv IzpB\n
s hnhcWhpw hymJym\hpamIpp.

3. kppI t{ImUoIcn {K.
1. kzlolp _pJmcn.
2. kzlolp apkvenw.
3. apkv\ZpAlvaZv.
4. kp\\p A_oZmhqZv.
5. kp\\pnapZn.
ZAvhns alXz Page 47

6. kp\\pkmCu.
7. kp\\p C_v\namPx.
XpSnb lZoYv {K.

4. ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pbvanx,
ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pIznw Fn
hcpsS {K.

5. B[p\nI bpKnse ZAvhns Cam
apamcmb ssiJv aplZv C_v\p An
hlvlm_ntbpw Atlns A
\pNcmcptSbpw {K.
Amlpth, \ns Xu^oIzn\mbn tIgpp.

\psS {]hmNI aplZv \_n( )bn
epw Atlns IpSpw_nepw A\pNc
mcnepw kzempw kemapw Amlp( )hn
\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs
8




8.

ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p _mkns t\XrXznep
APv\p mCax en_plqYn Can h C^v XmAv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 48

aqv
ZAvhpw kv {XoIfpw
?
kv{Xov Xs hoSn\v ]pdv CkvemanI {]
t_m[\n\v taJeIfptm? Dsn F
ns\?


kv{Xov Xs hon `mhv, hnhml
_w \njnamsh XpSn Xs Ip
Spw_nse ]pcpjmpw kv{Xopw Z
Avhv \SmhpXmWv. Xs hoSn\v ]pd
pw kv{XoIv CkvemanI {]t_m[\n
\v Ahkcapv. ]s, `mthm hnhml
_w \njnamshtcm IqsSbnmsX
bm{X ]mSpX. ^nXv\x DmIpsav `b
mXncnpIbpw thWw. hnhmlnXbmsWn
`mhns kXhpw kv{XobpsS Bh
iyIX DmhpIbpw thWw; ZAvhnt\
m _m[yXbmbXpw,IpSpw_n\v Xn
\nv e`ntXpamb AhImiw \jvSsSp
nsmpamIcpXv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 49


Amlpth, \ns Xu^oIzn\mbn tIgpp.

\psS {]hmNI aplZv \_n( )bn
epw Atlns IpSpw_nepw A\pNc
mcnepw kzempw kemapw Amlp( )hn
\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs
9




\mev
ZAvhv ssienIp
am\Z
?
ZAvhns ssienI \nnXamb h am
\Z sImpw n]vXsSpsnp
tm?


Amlp( ) hnip IzpB\n ]dbpp:

9.

ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p _mkns t\XrXznep
APv\p mCax en_plqYn Can h C^v XmAv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 50

) : 125 (
{bpIvXnZotbmSp IqSnbpw, kZp]tZiw ap
tJ\bpw \ns cnXmhns amntev
\o Wnv sImpI. Ghpw \ coXnbn
Ahcpambn kwhmZw \SpIbpw sNpI.
Xobmbpw \ns cnXmhv Xs amw
hnv ]ngv t]mbhscn \hw Adnbp
h\s{X. kamw {]m]nhscnbpw Ah
\hw Adnbph\s{X.} (hn.Izp. A
lv: 125)

ImcWw, Xnbn AIsSp hyn H
pIn hnhcanmh\mbncnpw. Ac
mcs\ lnIvap sImv ZAvhv \Sn
bm aXnbmIpw. Xs sXv Fsv hy
amnsmSppI. AXv Ah\v t_m[ysm
Ah sNmmbXntev aSnsmpw.

ZAvhns alXz Page 51

P\fn sXv hyamnsmSpm
epw sNmmbXntev aSmhcpv. Ae
kX Abmfnepmbncnpw. ImcWw, tZtl
bpw Xnhpw AbmtfmSv kwL\nem
bncnpw. Ccmc\v Amlp( )hns\p
dnv `bmSpmnbpw Xs sXv inml
amsWdnnpw sXn Ddmep in
hyamnsmSppw auCfv(D]tZiw)
\IpIbmWv thXv.

aqmaXv Hcp hn`mKapv. hn[nbdnm
epw _mXznen\p thnbpw Xm\pXmb Xn
p thnbpw Abm Xnpw. Abm,
Xs sXns\ km[qIcnphm\mWv Dtin
pXv. CcmtcmSv Xw Bhiyambn
hcpw. ]s, Ghpw \ coXnbnembncn
Ww {]kvXpX kwhmZw. cqtam, Bt]
tam, hynlXytbm BImhX. {]XypX, k
Xyw hyamhpIbpw AkXyw \ontmhp
Ibpw sNpXphsc Ghpw \ coXnbn
sXfnhpw sXfnhpw ampcpambncnWw A
Xv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 52

Amlp( ) Cu Bbn Cu aqv ]
SnI ZAvhn\v DWnbncnpp.

Hv: bpIvXnZo
cv: kZp]tZiw
aqv: Ghpw \ coXnbnep kwhmZw
{]t_m[nXcpsS hyXymkn\\pkcnv
Cu ssienIfpw hyXymksSpw.
10




Av
ZAvhpw \ho\ssienIfpw

?
ham\ Imes {]t_m[\ ssienIsf
pdnv XmfpsS A`n{]mbw FmWv? \ho

10.

AapXIzm an ^Xmh ^ukm. 22: 8
ZAvhns alXz Page 53

\ ssienI sImphcpXv ImeLn\v
tN ImcyamsWXnt\mSv tbmPnmtam?


GXv Imembmepw GXv taLebnem
bmepw Amlphntep ZAvhv Ghpw
almb _m[yXbmsWXn kwiban.
BZw\_n( )bpsS Imew apX am\h Ipe
ns HSpw hscbpw AXv A{]ImcamWv.
Cu DchmZnXzw GnshcmWv hn
izmknI. Amlp( ) ]dp:

) : 110 (
{a\pjyhwin\p thn cwKv sImp
hcs Da kapZmbamIpp \n. \n
kZmNmcw I]npIbpw, ZpcmNmcn
\nv hnepIbpw, Amlphn hnizkn
pIbpw sNpp.}(hn.Izp. BepCwdm:110)
ZAvhns alXz Page 54

) : 104 (
{\bntev WnpIbpw, kZmNmcw I
]npIbpw, ZpcmNmcn\nv hnepI
bpw sNp Hcp kapZmbw \nfn\nv D
mbncns. Ahcs{X hnPbnI.}(hn. Izp.
BepCwdm : 104)

Atm ZAvhns taLebn apl
Zv \_n( )bpsS DnIp Dchm
Znw Ghpw hepXmWv. ImcWw, Cu aX
neqsSbpw, hnip IzpB\neqsSbpw, B
fpIsf t\amnemphm\p Xm]cy
hpw hnhcWtijnbpw Amlp( ) I\nt
InbXn\m Cu atlmX\mb {]hmNI\n
eqsSbpw Zo\o{]t_m[\s Amlp( )kw
cnncnpp.

{]t_m[\ ssienI hnip IzpB
\n \npw Xncpkpn \npamWv kzo
ZAvhns alXz Page 55

IcntXv.Amlphns dkq( ) \ntbm
Kns \mfpapX h^mmIpXp hsc
{]t_m[\w \Snbnpv. AtlamIs, {]
t_m[\n kzoIcn ssien kqam
Wv.{]t_m[\w Fsv {Klnv a\nemn
Atlhpw A\pNcmcpw AXv {]tbmKhXv
Icnp. Amlp( ) ]dp:

) : 21 (
{Xobmbpw \nv Amlphns ZqX
\n Daamb amXrIbpv. AXmbXv Am
lpthbpw AyZn\tbpw {]Xonp sIm
ncnpIbpw, Amlpsh [mcmfambn Hm
anpIbpw sNbvXphcphv.} (hn.Izp. A
lvkm_v : 21)
Atm, Amlphns XncpZqX( ),
{]t_m[Impw {]hImpw [
kacw sNphpw \ Inph
ZAvhns alXz Page 56

pw Xn hntcm[nphpw amXrIbm
Wv.

{]t_m[\ns coXoimkv{Xnepw
ssienbnepw dkqen( )s alPn \nv
sXpIbnsXv apJy ]cnKW\bnseSpp
tXmsSmw B[p\nIhpw D]Imc {]Zhpam
b am[yasf klmbn\p]tbmKn
ssienbpsS hnjbn XSa. A{]Im
cw Xs ZAvhns ssienbpsS hnjb
n \hoIcWw dkqen( )s NcytbmSv
FXncmImXncnpIbpw \_n( )bpsS al
Pns ]c[npn ]cnanXsSpIbpw th
Ww.
P\kaqlfpsS AhI hyXy
fmsWXv \mw {KlntXpv. Hmtcm
kaqln\pw A\ptbmPyamb ssien sXsc
sSpv AXneqsS Ahsc {]t_m[\w sN
\apv \n_amWv.
{]t_m[\w km euInIamsWpw
{]mtZinItam tKm{X]ctam Aspw \mw
AdntbXpv.
ZAvhns alXz Page 57

Amlp( ) ]dp:

.
.

) : 1 (
{Xs Zmks ta kXymkXyhnthN\n
\p {]amWw (JpB) AhXcnnh
A\p{Kl]q\mIpp. Atlw (dkq)
temIv Hcp XmoXpImc Bbncnp
Xn\p thnbs{X AXv.} (A^p Izm :1)

{]t_m[\w kmeuInIhpw ka{Khp
amsWv \mw Adnbptm kakvXtemI
ns AhIfpw Hmtcm kaqlnt
bpw {]IrXnbnepmIp hyXymkhpw \mw
Adnb A\nhmcyamWv. Hmtcm Ahpw
A\ptbmPyambXv \mw Xmdmepw A\nhm
cyamWv.
11


Bdv
A\yaXcpw IzpB\pw ?

11.

AapXIzm an ^Xmh ^ukm. 45: 13
ZAvhns alXz Page 58

Hcp {InkvXym\nv Amlp( ) kmw Im
Wnt F B{Klm Abmv hm
bnphm IzpB ]cn`mj \Imtam?

ZAvhv {]hmNImcpsS amamIp
p. Amlp( ) ]dbpp:

) : 108 (
{(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: CXmWv Fs amw. Zr
V t_mytmSv IqSn Amlphntev Rm
Wnpp. Rm\pw Fs ]n]nbh
cpw. Amlp F{X ]cnip! Rm (Ah
t\mSv) ]ptNp IqneXs.} (kq
d: bqkp^v: 108)

hnip IzpB Bib hnh\n
s tImn Abmv \IpIsbXv ZAvh
ns C\fn HmWv. AXn\m AXn
Ipgan.

ZAvhns alXz Page 59

Amlpth, \ns Xu^oIzn\mbn tIgpp.
\psS {]hmNI aplZv \_n( )bn
epw Atlns IpSpw_nepw A\pNc
mcnepw kzempw kemapw Amlp( )hn
\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs.
12




Ggv
hnip IzpB\pw
Bib hnh\hpw
?
A\d_n `mjbntev hnip IzpB\ns
Bib hnh\w A\phZ\obamtWm?


hnip IzpB\ns Bib hnh
\w AXymhiyambXn\mepw, {]amWfn

12.

ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p_mkns t\XrXznep A
Pv\p mCax en_plqYn Can hC^vXmAv. \: 2217
ZAvhns alXz Page 60

IzpB\ns Bib hnh\s XSbp
bmsXmpansXn\mepw, Amlp( )hn
\npw XncpZqXcn( ) \npapXmb Zo
Fn aXn \mw InsXm
Wtm; AXn\p am[yafnsXmWv hn
ip IzpB\ns Bib hnh\saXn
\mepw AXv A\phZ\obamWv. PqXmcpsS
{K \_n( )v ]cn`mjsSppXn
v thn AhcpsS `mj ]Tnphm \_n
( ) skbvZv C_v\pYm_nXn( )t\mSv In
pIbpmbn. Bhiyamb k`fn
A\d_n `mjI Ad_nbntepw Ad_n
A\d_nbntepw XPpa sN Xms]cy
s ImcyamsWv CXv Adnbnpp; ]cn`m
jI Ccp`mjIfnepw Adnhph\pw hniz
\pambncnWw F \n_\tbmsS.
13




13.

aPvaqD^Xmhm h aIzmemv, ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p
_mkv. 24: 387,388.(sskZv C_v\p Ym_nXn\np lZoYv Camw
_pJmcn kzloln XAveoIzmbn dntmv sNbvXnpv. hnhx)
ZAvhns alXz Page 61


DSw DSw DSw DSw


1. hnhI\v ]dbphm\pXv 2
2. apJpdn 9
3. {]t_m[\ns alXzfpw {]t_m[I
\p {]Xn^efpw
13
4. ZAvhv: Nne kp{][m\ ^XvhI 29
5. Hv : ZAvhv apKW\m{Iaw 29
6. cv : hnPbIcamb {]t_m[\hpw
{]t_m[I\p \n_\Ifpw
39
7. aqv : ZAvhpw kv{XoIfpw 48
8. \mev : ZAvhv ssienIp
am\Z
49
9. Av : ZAvhpw \ho\ssienIfpw 52
10. Bdv : A\yaXcpw IzpB\pw 57
11. Ggv : hnip IzpB\pw Bib hnh\hpw 59
12. DSw 61