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    The document provides an overview of key events in the Middle East during the Cold War and post-Cold War eras. It discusses the strategic importance of the region to the U.S. and USSR during the Cold War, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the power and influence of OPEC on oil prices and other nations, and two major wars in the Persian Gulf - the Iran-Iraq War in the 1980s and the Persian Gulf War in 1990-1991 following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. It notes that the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union left the U.S. as the sole superpower and reduced options for Middle Eastern nations to seek aid from.

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    The document provides an overview of key events in the Middle East during the Cold War and post-Cold War eras. It discusses the strategic importance of the region to the U.S. and USSR during the Cold War, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the power and influence of OPEC on oil prices and other nations, and two major wars in the Persian Gulf - the Iran-Iraq War in the 1980s and the Persian Gulf War in 1990-1991 following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. It notes that the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union left the U.S. as the sole superpower and reduced options for Middle Eastern nations to seek aid from.

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    6 views7 pages

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    Uploaded by

    api-3731451
    The document provides an overview of key events in the Middle East during the Cold War and post-Cold War eras. It discusses the strategic importance of the region to the U.S. and USSR during the Cold War, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the power and influence of OPEC on oil prices and other nations, and two major wars in the Persian Gulf - the Iran-Iraq War in the 1980s and the Persian Gulf War in 1990-1991 following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. It notes that the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union left the U.S. as the sole superpower and reduced options for Middle Eastern nations to seek aid from.

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    On the Middle
    East
    A PowerPoint Presentation by
    Andrew T. Atkinson
    A. The Middle East and the
    Cold War
    1. U.S. and Soviets recognized the
    strategic importance of the M.E.
    a) oil b) waterways
    2. Soviets try to claim Turkey, U.S. backs
    Turkey
    a) Turkey will join NATO
    5. During Cold War many ME nations
    tried to remain nonaligned.
    a) both sides send nations arms and
    aid
    …Cold War cont..
    4. 1979 Soviet Union sends troops
    into Afghanistan to support
    communist gov’t.
    a) U.S. supplied arms to Afghan
    rebels
    b) 1988 Soviets withdrew troops
    Power of OPEC
    1. OPEC= Organization of Petroleum
    Exporting Countries
    a) Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia,
    Venezuela, and 13 other nations.
    b) group decides how much oil to
    produce and what price to sell.
    4. OPECs actions effect the world
    especially developing nations.
    a) many countries look for new energy
    options
    C. Two Wars in the Persian
    Gulf
    1. Iran-Iraq War
    a) Saddam Hussein invades Iran
    Goals are to take Shatt-al-Arab waterway
    Also wanted to end Iran’s support of Iraqi
    Shiities.
    b) over 1 million people died.
    c) war raised international concerns
    Soviets and US offered aid to Iraq. U.S. also
    secretly sold arms to Iran
    d) In 1988 both accepted UN cease-fire
    …two wars in the Persian
    Gulf…
    2. Persian Gulf War
    a) 1990 Iraq invades Kuwait
    Hussein claimed Kuwait belonged to Iraq
    b) Starts international crisiis
    UN imposed trade embargo against Iraq
    c) Jan. 1991 U.S. led coaltion targets
    Iraq
    d) by Feb. Iraqi forces surrender
    …two wars in the Persian
    Gulf
    3. Turning Point
    By 1991 the Soviet Union collapses
    a) Middle Eastern nations can no
    longer look for the Soviet Union for
    aid.
    b) U.S. is the only super power.

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