RESPIRATORY TRACT drugs

MOA Indication S/E

1. Decongestants local vasoconstriction common cold, sinusitis,
decrease overproduction of allergic rhinitis, relief of OM
secretions
NasaL steroid local burning/irritation
a. Beclomethasone dryness of mucosa, headache
b. Budesonide
Topical
a. topical ehphedrine tachycardia, increase BP, anxiety
b. phenylephrine cool & clammy skin, pallor

Oral
a. pseudoephedrine

2. Antihistamines block histamine --> decrease allergic rhinitis, sinusitis sedation,

Inflammation skin dryness, urinary retention
a. diphenhydramine
b. cetirizine (Virlix, Zytec)
c. hydroxyzine (Iterax)
d. loratadine (Claritin)

3. Expectorants increase productive cough to bronchitis, pneumonia GI upset

clear airways headache & dizziness
a. guiafenesin
b. terpin hydrate

4. Mucolytics liquefy secretions to clear GI upset, stomatitis,

Airways bronchospasm
a. acetylcysteine post-op clearing of secretions
b. dornase –alfa cystic fibrosis

5. Antitussives
a. codeine central acting--> reduce excitability resp depression
b. dextromethorphan of cough center addiction, CNS depression

c. benzonatate peripheral acting --> block signals constipation, dizziness, drowsiness

d. demulcents fr vagus & glossopharyngeal nerves
(honey, olive oil, glycerin)