IMMUNITY IMMUNITY - body's reaction to any fore 2 types: n body that might enter our tissues © NON SPECIFIC/ CELLULAR / Innate immunity present in our body since we ‘were born © SPECIFIC Mediators (non specific) 1. MECHANICAL BARRIERS ‘Skin (keratinized) Body secretions ( sweat, Cilia (transports) Mucus (traps organism entering the Respiratory tract) 2. CHEMICAL BARRIERS © Enzymes (lysozymes) © Acids ( kills bacteria by denaturation) Fatty acids - skin Gastric acids - stomach ‘© Complement system - becomes activated in cascade fashion 1,2,3. Activated Complements System - presents antigen to the bacteria; once activated, has to be removed from the body3. INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE Presents the 5 Cardinal signs which is chemically mediated that can come from: © Damaged tissues © Inflammatory cells © Even from the bacteria itself 5 Cardinal signs & symptoms of inflammation: 1. redness (rubor) 2. swelling (tumor) 3. pain (dolor) 4, heat (calor) 5. loss of function (functiolaesa) FXN: forms a barrier to confine infection ‘* tries to eliminate infectious agent © initiates repair of damaged tissues 4, CELLS — WBC'sa) GRANULOCYTES - oranulocytic leukocytes; WEC's with aranules inside. the cytoplasm 4. Neutrophiles ~ plenty; ist line of defense; ist to respond during an infection HALLMARK OF ACUTE INFECTION (10days) ‘Once they leave, they cannot go back (through "DIAPEDESIS") CBC - increased Neutrophiles = acute infection Disease is current; can be bacterial HOW DO NEUTROPHILES KILL BACTERIA? © Phagocytic ~ active engulfing © Degranulation - release granules in the cytoplasm which contains ‘eytotoxins that kill the bacteria 2. Eosinophiles ~ mediate for Allergies; Hypersensitivity reaction; Anaphylactic reaction; Contains vasoactive dilators: © Serotonin © Histamine © Bradykinin Limited phagacytic activities "Picky eaters” eat only * complement system, * Ag aggregated with Ab 3. Basophiles ~ HEPARIN ~ anti coagulant; lesser blood clots