VERBELE

MODALE

Caracteristici generale : - exprim atitudinea subiectului fa de aciunea pe care o svrete ( eu pot, vreau, sunt n stare, am permisiunea; - au aceeai form la toate persoanele; - formeaz interogativul prin inversiune i negativul cu not dup verb; - sunt urmate de infinitivul scurt; - au aceeai form de sine stttoare doar la prezent, iar pentru celelalte timpuri i moduri exist pentru sensul de baz nr. 1 n l o c u i t o r i m o d a l i

VERBUL

ASPECTE

TEORETICE

E X E M P L E

I can swimm. = Pot s not. ; tiu s not. I could swimm when I was 7. I will be able to drive soon. They could play the piano 20 years ago. I were able to go when the rain had stoped. I can see someone in the street. I can hear a noise in here. Can he be so rude ?! = E posibil s fie Sensul aa de nepoliticos ?! al II - lea La negativ exprim imposibilitatea He cant be as rude as that. = Nu poate fi att de nepoliticos. permite, a da voie m a y = avorbirea obinuit la interogativ se folosete You may go with your friends, son. In Can I borrow your pencil ? can Inlocuitori modali = to be allowed to They werent allowed to go to the beach. to be permited to Posibilitatea, mai aproape de adevr Sensul al II - lea Might exprim posibilit. mai ndeprtat Alte exprimri ale posibilitii pot fi prin: perhaps, maybe, possibily, its posible, its not very likely.

can

= a putea, a fi capabil, a fi n stare Inlocuitori modali = could to be able to could + vb. = capacitate permanent n trecut was( were ) able to = capacitate de a depi un obstacol momentan Can + vb. de percepie senzorial = prezentul continuu al verbului La interogativ exprim posibilitatea

must

= necesitate imperioas Inlocuitor modal = to have to la prezent: must = necesitate nteleas have to = necesitate impus must not = interdicie need = necesitate slab, este nevoie s = probabilitate: probably, obviosly, certanly, surely, to be likely

Sensul al II - lea

He had to do that! Youll have to learn! I must do my homework. You have to stay here until boss comes ! You mustnt drink iced water, youll have a sore throat again ! You neednt cross the street becouse there is a restaurant on this side. He must be far by now. = Probabil c e departe acum. They are likely to come. = Probabil c vor veni.