Numere complexe

i = 1
2

4k

=1

z = a + bi = r (cos t + i sin t )

r = a +b
2

a t = arctg + k b
t C1 k = 0
t C 2 ; C3 k = 1

t C4 k = 2

z n = r n (cos nt + i sin nt )
n

z = n r (cos

t + 2k t + 2k + i sin ) n n

Teorema mpririi cu rest

D R =C +

Sume
n(n + 1) S1 = 1 + 2 + 3 + .............. + n = 2 n(n + 1) (2n + 1) 2 2 2 2 S 2 = 1 + 2 + 3 + .........+ n = 6 [n(n + 1)]2 3 3 3 3 S3 = 1 + 2 + 3 + ........... + n = 4

Relaiile lui Vite

ax + bx + cx + d
3 2

b S1 = x1 + x2 + x3 = a c S 2= x1 x2 + x1 x3 + x2 x3 = a d S3 = x1 x2 x3 = a
ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 + dx + e
b S1 = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 = a c S 2 = ( x1 + x2 ) ( x3 + x4 ) + x1 x2 + x3 x4 = a d S3 = x1 x2 ( x3 + x4 ) + x3 x4 ( x1 + x2 ) = a e S 4 = x1 x2 x3 x4 = a

Ecuaii reciproce
1. de gradul III

ax 3 + bx 2 + bx + a = 0
2. de gradul IV

ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 + bx + a = 0 / : x 2 b a 2 ax + bx + c + + 2 = 0 x x 1 1 2 a ( x + 2 ) + b( x + ) + c = 0 x x
- se noteaz

1 1 2 2 x+ = y x + 2 = y 2 x x
Ec.binoame i biptrate: ax 2 n + bx n + c = 0, x n = y
ay 2 + by + c = 0