You are on page 1of 32

l-p hnZmAv;

\yqaq hn[n ]d-bpp


i_m-_v, hnNn-\w hmcn-II
- f- n \_n(-k)-bpsS
Ad-^b
- p-Sa- mbn _-s-Spn "amk-n-dhn'
kw_-a- mbn h teJ-\
- v lnPvd Inn
Hm^v Cy sk{I-dn P: Sn.A_vZp-jp-Iq
Fgp-Xnb adp-]-Sn.

{]km-[\w

HIJRA COMMITEE OF INDIA


7/858-B, A.W.H.Building, S.M.Street, Kozhikode -673
001, Kerala. Ph: 0495-2724007
E-mail: hijraindia@rediffmail

"\yq aq' hn[n ]d-bpp


l-p hnZmAv ;
\yqaq hn[n ]d-bpp
Sn.-A-_vZp-ip-q
22.10.10 \v Cd-nb i_m-_n tIcf PwC--p Dea {]knU v A_vZp laoZv aZo-\nbpw sI.-F.Fw sk{I-dn sI.-]n.-k-cn-bpw kwbp--ambn Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-n\v s]sp Xs Hcp
adp-]Sn Xm-dmn 25.10.10 \p Xs i_m-_n Fn-p. {]kvXpX
teJ-\-ns Is-gpp {]Xn hmbn Nne KpW-Imw-nI AXv
hmbn-p--h sXmbn hymJy-\n-m CS-bp Nne hmN-I-
Nqn-m-Wn-X
- ns ASn-m-\
- n BbXv Xncpn Csa-bn hgn
Ab-p-sIm-Sp-p. Bb-Xns {]n v sNbvX tImnbpw ASp
Znhkw Xs i_m-_n-tev Abp sImSp-p-Ibpw apv Ab
Is-gpp {]Xn Xncn--b--W-sav Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Fm i_m_v ]{Xm-[n-] {]kvXpX teJ\w Xncn--b-n-. Fs
Xncp-nb teJ\w {]kn-o-Ic
- n-X
- p-an-. AXn-\m {]kvXpX teJ\w
Unkw-_ Hmw XnbXn Cd-nb "A^-\m' ss{Xam-kn-I-bn
{]kn-o-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. An-s\-bn-cns Unkw-_ 6mw
XnbXn Hcp C-sa-bn ktiw e`n-p. i_m-_n A_vZp-jp-Iq
Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-n\v A_vZp laoZv aZo-\n Fgp-Xnb adp-]Sn cp
Znh-k-n-\Iw t]mv sNp-sa-m-bn-cpp aZo-\n-bpsS {]nb-kplrpw injy-\p-amb tUm.-km-Pn-Zns sabn . 14mw XnbXn aZo-\nbpsS teJ\w C sabn hgn e`n-p. Rm BZyw sImSp Isgpp {]Xn-p adp-]-Sn-bmWv e`n--Xv. Rm Xncn--b-m Bhiy-s Fs teJ\w i_m_v hmcnI am-fp-Iv \Ip-Ibpw
Fs sXdn ]d-bnp-Ibpam-bn-cp-p. CXv hnizm-k h-\-am-{X-a-,
]{X-a-cym-Z-bp-sSbpw ewL-\-am-Wv. i_m_v Fs adp-]Sn {]kn-o-Icn-n-sv Icp-Xn-bn-cn-s-bmWv 18.12.2010 e-n Rm Xncnp
Xcm Bh-iy teJ\w AtX]Sn {]kn-o-I-cn-n-cn-p--Xv {ibn s]-Xv. Rm Xncp-m Bh-iy-s hmN-I- Xncp-msX
AXn-s\-s FSpp hnain-n-cn-p-I-bmWv sI.-sP.bp ]WvUnXcpw i_m_pw sNbvXn-p--Xv. CXv tJZ-I-c-am-bn-tmbn Fv hmb\-mcpw k-Xn-p-atm? A^-\m {]kn-o-I-cn Fs BZy
adp-]Sn hmbn-p-I.
2

BIm-ihpw AXn-ep tImSm-\p-tImSn \-{X-fpw {Kl-fpw


D]-{K-l-fpw AS-p Cu {]]-hpw AXn kqcy, kqcys\
Npp `qan, `qan-sb-Np-p N{ Fn-hbpw krjvSn Am-lp(kp.-X) Ch-sbmw Xs IWn-i-amb \nb-a-hy-h-v hnt[-b-am-nbn-cn-p-p. `qansb Ah a\p-jy- hm-k-tbm-Ky-am-p-Ibpw `qan-bn
hkn-p k- Po-h-Pm-e-pw Bh-iy-amb Xc-n kqcys\bpw N{-s\bpw kwhn-[m-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-p. Cu {]]
hyh--sb-p-dnv ]Tn-p-I-bmWv ssZhm-kvXzns t_my-am-hp-Xnv Amlp(k.-X)-\nt-in--Xv. hn.-Jp. 3: 190 hN\w Ah-X-cn-tm {]kvXpXh-N\w ]mcm-bWw sNbvX Hcm AtX-p-dnv Nnnm-sXbpw ]Tn-m-sXbpw Ccp-m Abm Fmw \jvS-s--h-cpsS
Iq-n-em-sWv Pn_vco(-A)-A-dn-bn-n-p-v. apkvenw ]WvUn-XtemIw Pn_vco(-A)s ap-dn-bn-ns\ Ah-K-Wn--tm BIm-i tKm-f--fpsS krjvSn-n-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-p-Ibpw "CsXmpw \o
shdpsX krjvSn-X
- ' Fv kmy-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. apkvenw
temIv Cv Pohn-p Acw hyn-I-fn Hcm-fmWv Fw.-Aen
aWn-Iv^m. apkvenw temI-ns ^fv In^ Bb tKmf-imkv{X
]T\w \S-n-b-Xnv At-ls t{]mm-ln-n-p--Xn\v ]Icw
{Iqin-p-I-bmWv \thm-m\ kwL-S-\-I t]mepw sNp-Xv
FXv tJZ-I-c-am-Wv.
lnPvd Inn Hm^v Cy \jvS-s-p-t]mb Ckvemanse Ie-
hyh ]p\x-m-]n-m {ian-p-p. Ckvemanv Hcp Ie-
Dtm? Ie Bh-iy-aptm? lnPvd-I-e {]Imcw Pohn-pXv aX-hn-cp-a
- mtWm? apkvenw aX-kw-LS- \
- I
- ta tNmZy-v
{]am-W--fpsS ASn-m-\-n hy-amb D-cw \Ip-n-.
]Icw lnPvd In-n-sbbpw Aen aWnv^ms\bpw i{Xp-]-v
\nn sXn-m-cW ]c-n- k-aq-l
- n \npw H-s-Sp-m {ianp-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. AXns `mK-ambn apPm-lnZv hmcn-I-I-fmb
hnNn--\w, 3.10.2010 epw i_m_v 22.10.10 e-nepw Htc Xc-nep hnai\w \S-n-bn-cn-p-p. Bi-b]
- c
- a
- mb hnai-\
- n-ep-]cn
Aen aWn-Iv^m-sbpw lnPvd In-n-bp-sSbpw {]Xn-Omb XIm\p ]cn-{i-aa
- mWv AXn \S-n-bn-p-X
- v. AXns\ Ipdn-p hn[n
Am-lp(-kp.-X)-hntev hnv hnj-b-ns a-n-tev {]th-inp-p.
\yqaq Ckveman\ytam?
\yqaq BWv De-am-sf Dd-w-sI-Sp-
- X
- v. PqXam \yqaq
AwKo-I-cn-p--Xp-sImv apkvenwIv ]mSn-s-mWv Akm
bqkp^v Fsm-cm hnNn--\-n Fgp-Xp--Xv. CXp Xs
A_vZp laoZv aZo-\n-bp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. sXn-m-cW ]c-p
3

"\yq aq' hn[n ]d-bpp


l-p hnZmAv ;
\yqaq hn[n ]d-bpp
Sn.-A-_vZp-ip-q
22.10.10 \v Cd-nb i_m-_n tIcf PwC--p Dea {]knU v A_vZp laoZv aZo-\nbpw sI.-F.Fw sk{I-dn sI.-]n.-k-cn-bpw kwbp--ambn Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-n\v s]sp Xs Hcp
adp-]Sn Xm-dmn 25.10.10 \p Xs i_m-_n Fn-p. {]kvXpX
teJ-\-ns Is-gpp {]Xn hmbn Nne KpW-Imw-nI AXv
hmbn-p--h sXmbn hymJy-\n-m CS-bp Nne hmN-I-
Nqn-m-Wn-X
- ns ASn-m-\
- n BbXv Xncpn Csa-bn hgn
Ab-p-sIm-Sp-p. Bb-Xns {]n v sNbvX tImnbpw ASp
Znhkw Xs i_m-_n-tev Abp sImSp-p-Ibpw apv Ab
Is-gpp {]Xn Xncn--b--W-sav Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Fm i_m_v ]{Xm-[n-] {]kvXpX teJ\w Xncn--b-n-. Fs
Xncp-nb teJ\w {]kn-o-Ic
- n-X
- p-an-. AXn-\m {]kvXpX teJ\w
Unkw-_ Hmw XnbXn Cd-nb "A^-\m' ss{Xam-kn-I-bn
{]kn-o-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. An-s\-bn-cns Unkw-_ 6mw
XnbXn Hcp C-sa-bn ktiw e`n-p. i_m-_n A_vZp-jp-Iq
Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-n\v A_vZp laoZv aZo-\n Fgp-Xnb adp-]Sn cp
Znh-k-n-\Iw t]mv sNp-sa-m-bn-cpp aZo-\n-bpsS {]nb-kplrpw injy-\p-amb tUm.-km-Pn-Zns sabn . 14mw XnbXn aZo-\nbpsS teJ\w C sabn hgn e`n-p. Rm BZyw sImSp Isgpp {]Xn-p adp-]-Sn-bmWv e`n--Xv. Rm Xncn--b-m Bhiy-s Fs teJ\w i_m_v hmcnI am-fp-Iv \Ip-Ibpw
Fs sXdn ]d-bnp-Ibpam-bn-cp-p. CXv hnizm-k h-\-am-{X-a-,
]{X-a-cym-Z-bp-sSbpw ewL-\-am-Wv. i_m_v Fs adp-]Sn {]kn-o-Icn-n-sv Icp-Xn-bn-cn-s-bmWv 18.12.2010 e-n Rm Xncnp
Xcm Bh-iy teJ\w AtX]Sn {]kn-o-I-cn-n-cn-p--Xv {ibn s]-Xv. Rm Xncp-m Bh-iy-s hmN-I- Xncp-msX
AXn-s\-s FSpp hnain-n-cn-p-I-bmWv sI.-sP.bp ]WvUnXcpw i_m_pw sNbvXn-p--Xv. CXv tJZ-I-c-am-bn-tmbn Fv hmb\-mcpw k-Xn-p-atm? A^-\m {]kn-o-I-cn Fs BZy
adp-]Sn hmbn-p-I.
2

BIm-ihpw AXn-ep tImSm-\p-tImSn \-{X-fpw {Kl-fpw


D]-{K-l-fpw AS-p Cu {]]-hpw AXn kqcy, kqcys\
Npp `qan, `qan-sb-Np-p N{ Fn-hbpw krjvSn Am-lp(kp.-X) Ch-sbmw Xs IWn-i-amb \nb-a-hy-h-v hnt[-b-am-nbn-cn-p-p. `qansb Ah a\p-jy- hm-k-tbm-Ky-am-p-Ibpw `qan-bn
hkn-p k- Po-h-Pm-e-pw Bh-iy-amb Xc-n kqcys\bpw N{-s\bpw kwhn-[m-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-p. Cu {]]
hyh--sb-p-dnv ]Tn-p-I-bmWv ssZhm-kvXzns t_my-am-hp-Xnv Amlp(k.-X)-\nt-in--Xv. hn.-Jp. 3: 190 hN\w Ah-X-cn-tm {]kvXpXh-N\w ]mcm-bWw sNbvX Hcm AtX-p-dnv Nnnm-sXbpw ]Tn-m-sXbpw Ccp-m Abm Fmw \jvS-s--h-cpsS
Iq-n-em-sWv Pn_vco(-A)-A-dn-bn-n-p-v. apkvenw ]WvUn-XtemIw Pn_vco(-A)s ap-dn-bn-ns\ Ah-K-Wn--tm BIm-i tKm-f--fpsS krjvSn-n-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-p-Ibpw "CsXmpw \o
shdpsX krjvSn-X
- ' Fv kmy-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. apkvenw
temIv Cv Pohn-p Acw hyn-I-fn Hcm-fmWv Fw.-Aen
aWn-Iv^m. apkvenw temI-ns ^fv In^ Bb tKmf-imkv{X
]T\w \S-n-b-Xnv At-ls t{]mm-ln-n-p--Xn\v ]Icw
{Iqin-p-I-bmWv \thm-m\ kwL-S-\-I t]mepw sNp-Xv
FXv tJZ-I-c-am-Wv.
lnPvd Inn Hm^v Cy \jvS-s-p-t]mb Ckvemanse Ie-
hyh ]p\x-m-]n-m {ian-p-p. Ckvemanv Hcp Ie-
Dtm? Ie Bh-iy-aptm? lnPvd-I-e {]Imcw Pohn-pXv aX-hn-cp-a
- mtWm? apkvenw aX-kw-LS- \
- I
- ta tNmZy-v
{]am-W--fpsS ASn-m-\-n hy-amb D-cw \Ip-n-.
]Icw lnPvd In-n-sbbpw Aen aWnv^ms\bpw i{Xp-]-v
\nn sXn-m-cW ]c-n- k-aq-l
- n \npw H-s-Sp-m {ianp-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. AXns `mK-ambn apPm-lnZv hmcn-I-I-fmb
hnNn--\w, 3.10.2010 epw i_m_v 22.10.10 e-nepw Htc Xc-nep hnai\w \S-n-bn-cn-p-p. Bi-b]
- c
- a
- mb hnai-\
- n-ep-]cn
Aen aWn-Iv^m-sbpw lnPvd In-n-bp-sSbpw {]Xn-Omb XIm\p ]cn-{i-aa
- mWv AXn \S-n-bn-p-X
- v. AXns\ Ipdn-p hn[n
Am-lp(-kp.-X)-hntev hnv hnj-b-ns a-n-tev {]th-inp-p.
\yqaq Ckveman\ytam?
\yqaq BWv De-am-sf Dd-w-sI-Sp-
- X
- v. PqXam \yqaq
AwKo-I-cn-p--Xp-sImv apkvenwIv ]mSn-s-mWv Akm
bqkp^v Fsm-cm hnNn--\-n Fgp-Xp--Xv. CXp Xs
A_vZp laoZv aZo-\n-bp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. sXn-m-cW ]c-p
3

Hcp ]cm-aiw cp- te-J-\-nepw ImWp-p. "\_n(-k)-ln-em-ens\


B[m-c-am-n-b amkw IW-m-n-b-Xv. adnv \yqaq-Wns\ B[m-cam-n-bm-sW-mWv lnPvd In-n-bpsS hmZw.' temI-p Hp-an
cmPy-fpw lnem ImWp--Xns\ am\-Z-WvU-am-p-p-sh teJIam-cpsS Ah-Im-i-hmZw icn-b-. ]mn-m, Cy, _wm-tZiv
Fo cmPy- am{Xta lnem I-Xn\v tijw amkw XpS-pp-q. ap cmPy- Fmw Xs lnem Ip F Hcp
kmyw kzoI-cnv amkw XpS-p-I-bm-Wv. tIc-f-nepw CXmWv
nXn. Ata-cn--bpw bqtdm-]y cmPy--fpw ImWm-\p {]mbw
Bbm aXn, Ip-sImv ImtW--Xn Fp ]d-bp-p. lnPvd
In-n-bpsS \ne-]mSv ]e-{]m-hiyw hy-am-nbXmsW-nepw hnaiI AXv I-Xmbn \Sn-p-n-.
lnPvd In-n-bpsS BZiw

kqd Xu_: 36, 37 hN\ {]Imcw Am-lp(-kp.-X) a\p-jymbn


kwhn-[m-\n-n-cn-p Ie- N{-amk Ie- BIp-p. N{\v
amk-n 29 As-n 30 Znh-k--fp-m-Ipw. 30 Znh-k--fp
Hcp amk-n 29 N{--e-I-sf(-A-ln-)-I-p-sIm-v ImWm Ignbp-p. 29 Znh-k--fp amk-amsWn 28 Ie-Ifpw ImWm Ignbp-p. ImWm Ign-bp Ie-Isf \nco-Ww \Sn Xnb-Xn-I
\n-bn-m-\mWv \_n(-k)-]-Tn-n-n-p-X.v Jp: 2: 189 N{eI(-A-ln-) P\-pw lnpw Xnb-Xn-I ImWn-pp
FmWv ]Tn-n-p--Xv. Ah-km\w N{s\ ImWp-Xv DPq-\p
JZow F-t]mse amkm-hk
- m-\
- n\p Hcp Znhkw apm-Wv. bmko
39mw hN-\hpw N{\p hnhn[ L-(-a-\m-kn) \n-bn-n-cn-pXv AXns hnh-cw(Data) D]-tbm-Knv Imew IW-p-Iq-p--Xn-\p-XmWv Fv bq\pkv 10mw hN\hpw ]Tn-n-pp. Jp-B lnemens\ Ipdnp ]d-n-n-. lnem Fp ]d-bp-Xv amkm-cw-`-n
7 hscbpw amkm-h-km-\-nse Ggp Ie-Ipw ]d-bp--Xm-Wv.
AmsX 29mw XnbXn am{Xw ImWp Ie-b-. Aam-hm-kn -Zn-hkw
Hcn-epw ImWp-Ib
- n-. lnem ]nd-p-t- Xm-Sp-IqSn ]pXp-amkw Bcw`n-p-p. ASp-- Zn-hkw ]pXp-am-k-ns Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-Wv.
lnem \-t\{Xw sImv Itijw amkw XpS-p-X
- n\v {]amW
]np-W-bn-. lnem Ftm ImWm-sav IW-p-Iqn ]d-bm
Ign-bpw. lnem Ftm ]nd-p-sav Hcp skns Awiw
hsc IW-p-Iqn ]d-bm Ign-bpw. AXmWv \yaq-Wns IW-v.
\yqaq IrXy-ambn IW-m-m-sav Fm-hcpw k-Xn-p-p.
\yqaq, I-, {KlWw Fsmw ]d-bp Htc {]Xn-`mkw
kw`-hn-ptXmSp IqSn lnem ]nd-p-p. \yqaq kw`-hn-p
`qan-bnse tI{-n kqcym-kvX-a-b-tijw 12 an\pv Ign-m
N{ AkvX-an-p-p. AXn-\m \yqaq Znhkw B amk-nse
4

Ah-km\ Znh-k-am-Wv.
lnem Ip-sImp ImWpI FXv aX-ns \nb-aa
-
- . \_n(k) 29 mw XnbXn AkvX-ab ka-bv N{-e t\mn-bn-n-.
t\mm Iev]n-n-p-an-. Ans\sbmcp amXr-I(-kp--v) Nqnm-Wn-m-\n-. lZo-kn ]d-n-cn-Xv N{--e-I-fpsS Zriy-XbpsS ASn-m-\-n t\mv XpS-p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw
sNpI Fm-Wv. ""kqaq endpAvbnln'' FXv lnem ]ndp
Fp ]d-bp--Xns asmcp `mjy-am-Wv \yaq kw`-hnp Fp
]d-bp-X
- v.
\yqaq IWv kzoI-cn-p-Xv Jn_veamw t]mse-bm-sWv
Akm bq\pkv F-bm hnNn--\-n Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p.
Jn_veamw BZyw \S-n-bXv apPm-lnZv {]m-\-am-sWv Akm
bq\p-kn\v Adn-bn-m-bn-cn-pw. 1300 hj-v apv Ad-_n-I
h-h-gn-bn-tev apJw Xncnv apkvenwI ]n-]-Wn-Xp, \a-kvI-cnp. apm \qm-p-apv Fw.-kn.-kn.-A-l-Zv auehn B kXyw
a\-n-em-n. apkvenwI \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv Jn_vebn-tev Xncn-. B{^n--bn-te-mWv apJw Xncn-p--Xv. `qan-imkv{Xhpw \m-hntK-j\pw ]Tn Atlw 23.5 Un{Kn hS-tmp Xncnv IAv_bntep icn-bmb Zni kaq-l-n\v ImWn-p-sIm-Sp-p. Fw.-kn.kn.-sbbpw BZy-amcpw AwKo-Ic
- n-n-. At-lt- bpw PqX GP-sv
Akm-dns ]qn-I hnfn-p. ]noSv temIw At-ls AwKoI-cn-p. CXp-t]mep Hcp Xncpv amk-\nW-b-nepw thW-sat
aWn-Iv^m ]d-n-p-q.
N{amk \n-b-n\p \yqaq D]-tbm-Kn-p-I-b-msX Ip-a
kwhn-[m\w thsd-bn-. AXn\p kqcy N{-m-cpsS AkvX-a\
hyXymkw D]-tbm-Kn-m amk- ]e-hn-[-n-em-Ip hntcm-[m`m-k-ap-m-Ipw. AXm-Wnp kw`-hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p--Xv. Fm
lnPvd In-nsb Bt-]n-p--h, kqcy N{ DZ-bm-kvX-ab
hyXymkw IW-p-Iqn Ie--dn tcJ-s-Sp-p-p. IW v IrXyam-sWp kXyw sNp-Ibpw sNp-p. Fnv \yqaq \njn--amsWvXn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. CXv icn-b FmWv lnPd Inn
]d-bp-X
- v.
\_n(-k)-\yq-aq ASn-m-\-n amkw XpS-n-sbv Bcpw
hmZn-pn-. ImcWw Am-ev \yqaq-Wns IWv Adn-bp-am-bncp-n-. sSe-kvtImv Ip-]n-Sn--Xn-p- tijamWv tKmf-imkv{Xw
C{Xbpw hnI-kn-Xpw \yqaq-Wns IWp ]Tn--Xpw. \_n(-k)-Acp-fn-bn-p-Xv "\apv IW-p-Iq-m Adn-bn-, AXn-\m N{--eI t\mn XnbXn Adn-bWw'' Fm-Wv. IWp a\-n-em-bn--gnm lnem ]nd-p-Xp IrXy-ambn a\-n-emn t\mp XpSp-I-bm-Wp-th--Xv. AmsX Znh-khpw Xnb-Xnbpw sXnv amkw
5

Hcp ]cm-aiw cp- te-J-\-nepw ImWp-p. "\_n(-k)-ln-em-ens\


B[m-c-am-n-b amkw IW-m-n-b-Xv. adnv \yqaq-Wns\ B[m-cam-n-bm-sW-mWv lnPvd In-n-bpsS hmZw.' temI-p Hp-an
cmPy-fpw lnem ImWp--Xns\ am\-Z-WvU-am-p-p-sh teJIam-cpsS Ah-Im-i-hmZw icn-b-. ]mn-m, Cy, _wm-tZiv
Fo cmPy- am{Xta lnem I-Xn\v tijw amkw XpS-pp-q. ap cmPy- Fmw Xs lnem Ip F Hcp
kmyw kzoI-cnv amkw XpS-p-I-bm-Wv. tIc-f-nepw CXmWv
nXn. Ata-cn--bpw bqtdm-]y cmPy--fpw ImWm-\p {]mbw
Bbm aXn, Ip-sImv ImtW--Xn Fp ]d-bp-p. lnPvd
In-n-bpsS \ne-]mSv ]e-{]m-hiyw hy-am-nbXmsW-nepw hnaiI AXv I-Xmbn \Sn-p-n-.
lnPvd In-n-bpsS BZiw

kqd Xu_: 36, 37 hN\ {]Imcw Am-lp(-kp.-X) a\p-jymbn


kwhn-[m-\n-n-cn-p Ie- N{-amk Ie- BIp-p. N{\v
amk-n 29 As-n 30 Znh-k--fp-m-Ipw. 30 Znh-k--fp
Hcp amk-n 29 N{--e-I-sf(-A-ln-)-I-p-sIm-v ImWm Ignbp-p. 29 Znh-k--fp amk-amsWn 28 Ie-Ifpw ImWm Ignbp-p. ImWm Ign-bp Ie-Isf \nco-Ww \Sn Xnb-Xn-I
\n-bn-m-\mWv \_n(-k)-]-Tn-n-n-p-X.v Jp: 2: 189 N{eI(-A-ln-) P\-pw lnpw Xnb-Xn-I ImWn-pp
FmWv ]Tn-n-p--Xv. Ah-km\w N{s\ ImWp-Xv DPq-\p
JZow F-t]mse amkm-hk
- m-\
- n\p Hcp Znhkw apm-Wv. bmko
39mw hN-\hpw N{\p hnhn[ L-(-a-\m-kn) \n-bn-n-cn-pXv AXns hnh-cw(Data) D]-tbm-Knv Imew IW-p-Iq-p--Xn-\p-XmWv Fv bq\pkv 10mw hN\hpw ]Tn-n-pp. Jp-B lnemens\ Ipdnp ]d-n-n-. lnem Fp ]d-bp-Xv amkm-cw-`-n
7 hscbpw amkm-h-km-\-nse Ggp Ie-Ipw ]d-bp--Xm-Wv.
AmsX 29mw XnbXn am{Xw ImWp Ie-b-. Aam-hm-kn -Zn-hkw
Hcn-epw ImWp-Ib
- n-. lnem ]nd-p-t- Xm-Sp-IqSn ]pXp-amkw Bcw`n-p-p. ASp-- Zn-hkw ]pXp-am-k-ns Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-Wv.
lnem \-t\{Xw sImv Itijw amkw XpS-p-X
- n\v {]amW
]np-W-bn-. lnem Ftm ImWm-sav IW-p-Iqn ]d-bm
Ign-bpw. lnem Ftm ]nd-p-sav Hcp skns Awiw
hsc IW-p-Iqn ]d-bm Ign-bpw. AXmWv \yaq-Wns IW-v.
\yqaq IrXy-ambn IW-m-m-sav Fm-hcpw k-Xn-p-p.
\yqaq, I-, {KlWw Fsmw ]d-bp Htc {]Xn-`mkw
kw`-hn-ptXmSp IqSn lnem ]nd-p-p. \yqaq kw`-hn-p
`qan-bnse tI{-n kqcym-kvX-a-b-tijw 12 an\pv Ign-m
N{ AkvX-an-p-p. AXn-\m \yqaq Znhkw B amk-nse
4

Ah-km\ Znh-k-am-Wv.
lnem Ip-sImp ImWpI FXv aX-ns \nb-aa
-
- . \_n(k) 29 mw XnbXn AkvX-ab ka-bv N{-e t\mn-bn-n-.
t\mm Iev]n-n-p-an-. Ans\sbmcp amXr-I(-kp--v) Nqnm-Wn-m-\n-. lZo-kn ]d-n-cn-Xv N{--e-I-fpsS Zriy-XbpsS ASn-m-\-n t\mv XpS-p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw
sNpI Fm-Wv. ""kqaq endpAvbnln'' FXv lnem ]ndp
Fp ]d-bp--Xns asmcp `mjy-am-Wv \yaq kw`-hnp Fp
]d-bp-X
- v.
\yqaq IWv kzoI-cn-p-Xv Jn_veamw t]mse-bm-sWv
Akm bq\pkv F-bm hnNn--\-n Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p.
Jn_veamw BZyw \S-n-bXv apPm-lnZv {]m-\-am-sWv Akm
bq\p-kn\v Adn-bn-m-bn-cn-pw. 1300 hj-v apv Ad-_n-I
h-h-gn-bn-tev apJw Xncnv apkvenwI ]n-]-Wn-Xp, \a-kvI-cnp. apm \qm-p-apv Fw.-kn.-kn.-A-l-Zv auehn B kXyw
a\-n-em-n. apkvenwI \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv Jn_vebn-tev Xncn-. B{^n--bn-te-mWv apJw Xncn-p--Xv. `qan-imkv{Xhpw \m-hntK-j\pw ]Tn Atlw 23.5 Un{Kn hS-tmp Xncnv IAv_bntep icn-bmb Zni kaq-l-n\v ImWn-p-sIm-Sp-p. Fw.-kn.kn.-sbbpw BZy-amcpw AwKo-Ic
- n-n-. At-lt- bpw PqX GP-sv
Akm-dns ]qn-I hnfn-p. ]noSv temIw At-ls AwKoI-cn-p. CXp-t]mep Hcp Xncpv amk-\nW-b-nepw thW-sat
aWn-Iv^m ]d-n-p-q.
N{amk \n-b-n\p \yqaq D]-tbm-Kn-p-I-b-msX Ip-a
kwhn-[m\w thsd-bn-. AXn\p kqcy N{-m-cpsS AkvX-a\
hyXymkw D]-tbm-Kn-m amk- ]e-hn-[-n-em-Ip hntcm-[m`m-k-ap-m-Ipw. AXm-Wnp kw`-hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p--Xv. Fm
lnPvd In-nsb Bt-]n-p--h, kqcy N{ DZ-bm-kvX-ab
hyXymkw IW-p-Iqn Ie--dn tcJ-s-Sp-p-p. IW v IrXyam-sWp kXyw sNp-Ibpw sNp-p. Fnv \yqaq \njn--amsWvXn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. CXv icn-b FmWv lnPd Inn
]d-bp-X
- v.
\_n(-k)-\yq-aq ASn-m-\-n amkw XpS-n-sbv Bcpw
hmZn-pn-. ImcWw Am-ev \yqaq-Wns IWv Adn-bp-am-bncp-n-. sSe-kvtImv Ip-]n-Sn--Xn-p- tijamWv tKmf-imkv{Xw
C{Xbpw hnI-kn-Xpw \yqaq-Wns IWp ]Tn--Xpw. \_n(-k)-Acp-fn-bn-p-Xv "\apv IW-p-Iq-m Adn-bn-, AXn-\m N{--eI t\mn XnbXn Adn-bWw'' Fm-Wv. IWp a\-n-em-bn--gnm lnem ]nd-p-Xp IrXy-ambn a\-n-emn t\mp XpSp-I-bm-Wp-th--Xv. AmsX Znh-khpw Xnb-Xnbpw sXnv amkw
5

XpS-p-I-b-. CXmWv lnPvd In-nv hnizm-kn-I-tfmSp ]d-bm-\p-Xv. A\m-h-iym-tcm-]-W- ]dv hnc-p-Xv icn-b-.

-\-ntem ImWp-n-. {]mam-WnIamb lZokv {K--fnepw Dcn--s-Sp-n-.

\_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^

Ad-^m-Zn\w sXfn-hp-I-fpsS shfn--n:

\_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bn-em-bn-cp-p-thm, AtXm shnbm-gvNtbm? CXmWv Ctm Dbn-sm-p-h-n-cn-p {]iv\w.


FmWv Cu Znh-k
- p {]m[m-\yw. aWn-v^
- m CXnp apv
Ad^ GXp Znh-k-am-bn-cpp Fp N sNbvXn-n-. Hcp Kth-jW- hn-jb
-
- n hy-amb Adnhv e`n tijta AXp-]d
- b
- mhq FXp-sIm-m-Wv AXphsc \ne-hn-ep A`n-{]mbw Xs ]d-Xv.
\_n(-k)-Zn-h-khpw Xnb-Xnbpw Imehpw apw nc-s-Sp-nb
{]kwKw \S-n-bXv shn-bmgvN an\m-bn shm-bn-cp-p. Znhkw
N sNp-I-bm-bn-cp-n 15 hjw apv {]kn-o-I-cn B ]pkvXI-n. Ctm \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ GXp Znh-k-n-em-bn-cpp
FXv hy-am-hp-Ib
- m-Wv. AXns ^e-ambn Fp kw`-hn-p-sap
t\mmw.

Hcp PqX Da(-d)-t\mSv ""Abuap AIvaXpeIpw'' Fp XpSp Bb-ns\ kw_-nv kwkm-cn--Xnv Da(d)-]-d adp]-Sn-bn {]kvXpX Bbv Cd-nb ew, Imew ka-bw, Fmw
X\n--dn-bm-sapw AXv shn-bmgvN Znhkw Ad-^-bn \nptm-gm-sWv ]d-bp-p. Cu Hscm D-c-Wn-bmWv Ad^ shn-bmgvN-bm-Wv F-Xn-\p--Xv. CtX kw`m-jWw ]ecpw Bhnp ]dn-p-sv am{Xw. Ncn-{X-n Xnb-Xn-I-f-msX Znhkw tcJ-sSp-nbXmbn ImWp-n-. Znhkw GXm-bn-cpp FXv imkv{Xo-bambn At\z-jnp Is-pI Xs-th-Ww. Cu Hscm sXfn-hpsImv Ad^ shn-bmgvN Bbn-cp-p-shv Dd-n-m-tam. Xmsg
]d-bp hkvXp-XI
- AXp-d
- s
- v a\-n-em-n-c
- nIbpw sNpp.
1. _pJm-cn-bn InXm_p ^vko A Jp-B-\n Cu lZo
kv dntmv sNp kp^v bm F-bm ]d-bp-p. ""Rm kwibn-p-p, AXv shn-bmtWm Atbm Fv'' kzlolv apkvenanepw
CtX kp ^vbms hmp-I AtX-]Sn D-cn-n-cn-p-p.
2. C_v\p Amkv dntmv sNbvXn-p-Xv "ta Bb-n-d-nb Znhkw cp-s]-cp-m-fm-sW-m-Wv. Hv buap-l
- , cv buap
Ppap-A'. lp AIv_ Fv \_n(-k)-]-d-Xpw buap--lvdns\-bm-Wv.
3. Da(-d) ]d-X
- mbn \kmC dntmv sNbvX lZo-kn "sseep PpapA' Fm-Wp-X
- v. ss_l-Jn-bnepw CB-\
- p Ip_vdmbnepw ssee-p PpapA Fm-Wp--Xv. ssee-p PpapA
Fm hymgmgvN cm{Xn-sb-m-W-tm.
4. _en-s]-cp-m shn-bmgvNbmbn-cpp F C_v\p Amkv(-d)-bpsS dntmv ssiJv \mk-dp-o A_m\n icn-sh--Xmbn
tcJ-s-Sp-sn-cn-p-p.
5. i_m-_n D-cn _pJmcn 4662mw \ lZo-kv, ""BImi
`qanIsf krjvSn \mfn-tev Imew Id-n-h-n-cn-p-p.'' F
\_n(-k)-bpsS {]kwKw Ad-^-bne \S-n-b-Xv. Ncn{X {]knamb
{]kvXpX {]kwKw shn-bmgvN Xs-bmWv \S-n-bX
- v. ]s AXv
an\m-bn shm-bn-cp-p. buap--lvdn-em-bn-cp-p.
6. _pJmcn lZokv \ 1658: Dp ^fvev(d)-\n-th-Z-\w. Ad^m
Znhkw \_n(-k) t\m-\p-jvTn-n-ptm F-dn-bm Rm \_n(k)-bpsS ASp--tev Ipdp ]m\obw sImSp--b-p. Ahn-Spv
AXv IpSnp.''

Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-sW-n
ZpJ-AvZ amk-ns \yqaq A.D. 632 P\p-hcn 27 Xn-fmgvN
6.28 UT v Bbn-cp-p. Am-bn-cpp \_n ]p{X C{_mlnw acnXpw {Kl-W-ap-m-bXpw. {]kvXpX ZpJ-AvZ amk-n 29 Znhk--tf- Dm-bn-cppq. s^{_p-hcn 25 sNmmgvN 20.51 UT bn
\yqaq kw`-hn-p--Xn-\m 26.2.632 _p[-\mgvN Zpln Hmw
XnbXn-bm-bncpp. ASp _p[-\mgvN buap-hn-b, hymgw Ad^, shn-bmgvN _en-Zn-\w. _p[-\mgvN Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbn cp-Xn\m kqcym-kvX-ab ka-bv N{-e t\mp k{-Zm-bw(29mw
Xnb-Xn) \_n-N-cy-bn-en Fm-Wv t_m[y-am-Ip-Xv. N{--eI(Aln) \nco-Ww \Sn DPq-\p JZow t\mn amkm-hkm\w \n-bnv ]pXp-am-k
- n-dhn IW-m-p-X
- m-bn-cpp \_n-Ncy
F-Imcyw hy-am-hpw.

Ad^ shn-bm-gvN-bm-sW-n:
A.D.632 s^{_p-hcn 26 _p[-\mgvN ZpJ-AvZ 29 BsWv
i_m_v Fgp-Xp-p. Hmw XnbXn \jvSvs]-Xp sImm-W-Xv. AXn\m 29mw XnbXn _p[-\mgvN amk-n-dhn Ip-sImv Is-n
am{Xta hymgmgvN Zpln Hmw XnbXnbmhp-Ib
- p-q. amkw Inn-s-n hymgmgvN 30 ]qn-bmn shn-bmgvN Hmw XnbXn,
ASp shn-bmgvN buap-hn-b, i\n-bmgvN Ad^ ]s, Ad^
shn-bmgvN Bbn-cppshn 29 _p[-\mgvN amk-n-dhn ImWWw. Av lnem I-Xmbn bmsXmcp sXfnhpw i_m-_ntem hnNn-

XpS-p-I-b-. CXmWv lnPvd In-nv hnizm-kn-I-tfmSp ]d-bm-\p-Xv. A\m-h-iym-tcm-]-W- ]dv hnc-p-Xv icn-b-.

-\-ntem ImWp-n-. {]mam-WnIamb lZokv {K--fnepw Dcn--s-Sp-n-.

\_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^

Ad-^m-Zn\w sXfn-hp-I-fpsS shfn--n:

\_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bn-em-bn-cp-p-thm, AtXm shnbm-gvNtbm? CXmWv Ctm Dbn-sm-p-h-n-cn-p {]iv\w.


FmWv Cu Znh-k
- p {]m[m-\yw. aWn-v^
- m CXnp apv
Ad^ GXp Znh-k-am-bn-cpp Fp N sNbvXn-n-. Hcp Kth-jW- hn-jb
-
- n hy-amb Adnhv e`n tijta AXp-]d
- b
- mhq FXp-sIm-m-Wv AXphsc \ne-hn-ep A`n-{]mbw Xs ]d-Xv.
\_n(-k)-Zn-h-khpw Xnb-Xnbpw Imehpw apw nc-s-Sp-nb
{]kwKw \S-n-bXv shn-bmgvN an\m-bn shm-bn-cp-p. Znhkw
N sNp-I-bm-bn-cp-n 15 hjw apv {]kn-o-I-cn B ]pkvXI-n. Ctm \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ GXp Znh-k-n-em-bn-cpp
FXv hy-am-hp-Ib
- m-Wv. AXns ^e-ambn Fp kw`-hn-p-sap
t\mmw.

Hcp PqX Da(-d)-t\mSv ""Abuap AIvaXpeIpw'' Fp XpSp Bb-ns\ kw_-nv kwkm-cn--Xnv Da(d)-]-d adp]-Sn-bn {]kvXpX Bbv Cd-nb ew, Imew ka-bw, Fmw
X\n--dn-bm-sapw AXv shn-bmgvN Znhkw Ad-^-bn \nptm-gm-sWv ]d-bp-p. Cu Hscm D-c-Wn-bmWv Ad^ shn-bmgvN-bm-Wv F-Xn-\p--Xv. CtX kw`m-jWw ]ecpw Bhnp ]dn-p-sv am{Xw. Ncn-{X-n Xnb-Xn-I-f-msX Znhkw tcJ-sSp-nbXmbn ImWp-n-. Znhkw GXm-bn-cpp FXv imkv{Xo-bambn At\z-jnp Is-pI Xs-th-Ww. Cu Hscm sXfn-hpsImv Ad^ shn-bmgvN Bbn-cp-p-shv Dd-n-m-tam. Xmsg
]d-bp hkvXp-XI
- AXp-d
- s
- v a\-n-em-n-c
- nIbpw sNpp.
1. _pJm-cn-bn InXm_p ^vko A Jp-B-\n Cu lZo
kv dntmv sNp kp^v bm F-bm ]d-bp-p. ""Rm kwibn-p-p, AXv shn-bmtWm Atbm Fv'' kzlolv apkvenanepw
CtX kp ^vbms hmp-I AtX-]Sn D-cn-n-cn-p-p.
2. C_v\p Amkv dntmv sNbvXn-p-Xv "ta Bb-n-d-nb Znhkw cp-s]-cp-m-fm-sW-m-Wv. Hv buap-l
- , cv buap
Ppap-A'. lp AIv_ Fv \_n(-k)-]-d-Xpw buap--lvdns\-bm-Wv.
3. Da(-d) ]d-X
- mbn \kmC dntmv sNbvX lZo-kn "sseep PpapA' Fm-Wp-X
- v. ss_l-Jn-bnepw CB-\
- p Ip_vdmbnepw ssee-p PpapA Fm-Wp--Xv. ssee-p PpapA
Fm hymgmgvN cm{Xn-sb-m-W-tm.
4. _en-s]-cp-m shn-bmgvNbmbn-cpp F C_v\p Amkv(-d)-bpsS dntmv ssiJv \mk-dp-o A_m\n icn-sh--Xmbn
tcJ-s-Sp-sn-cn-p-p.
5. i_m-_n D-cn _pJmcn 4662mw \ lZo-kv, ""BImi
`qanIsf krjvSn \mfn-tev Imew Id-n-h-n-cn-p-p.'' F
\_n(-k)-bpsS {]kwKw Ad-^-bne \S-n-b-Xv. Ncn{X {]knamb
{]kvXpX {]kwKw shn-bmgvN Xs-bmWv \S-n-bX
- v. ]s AXv
an\m-bn shm-bn-cp-p. buap--lvdn-em-bn-cp-p.
6. _pJmcn lZokv \ 1658: Dp ^fvev(d)-\n-th-Z-\w. Ad^m
Znhkw \_n(-k) t\m-\p-jvTn-n-ptm F-dn-bm Rm \_n(k)-bpsS ASp--tev Ipdp ]m\obw sImSp--b-p. Ahn-Spv
AXv IpSnp.''

Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-sW-n
ZpJ-AvZ amk-ns \yqaq A.D. 632 P\p-hcn 27 Xn-fmgvN
6.28 UT v Bbn-cp-p. Am-bn-cpp \_n ]p{X C{_mlnw acnXpw {Kl-W-ap-m-bXpw. {]kvXpX ZpJ-AvZ amk-n 29 Znhk--tf- Dm-bn-cppq. s^{_p-hcn 25 sNmmgvN 20.51 UT bn
\yqaq kw`-hn-p--Xn-\m 26.2.632 _p[-\mgvN Zpln Hmw
XnbXn-bm-bncpp. ASp _p[-\mgvN buap-hn-b, hymgw Ad^, shn-bmgvN _en-Zn-\w. _p[-\mgvN Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbn cp-Xn\m kqcym-kvX-ab ka-bv N{-e t\mp k{-Zm-bw(29mw
Xnb-Xn) \_n-N-cy-bn-en Fm-Wv t_m[y-am-Ip-Xv. N{--eI(Aln) \nco-Ww \Sn DPq-\p JZow t\mn amkm-hkm\w \n-bnv ]pXp-am-k
- n-dhn IW-m-p-X
- m-bn-cpp \_n-Ncy
F-Imcyw hy-am-hpw.

Ad^ shn-bm-gvN-bm-sW-n:
A.D.632 s^{_p-hcn 26 _p[-\mgvN ZpJ-AvZ 29 BsWv
i_m_v Fgp-Xp-p. Hmw XnbXn \jvSvs]-Xp sImm-W-Xv. AXn\m 29mw XnbXn _p[-\mgvN amk-n-dhn Ip-sImv Is-n
am{Xta hymgmgvN Zpln Hmw XnbXnbmhp-Ib
- p-q. amkw Inn-s-n hymgmgvN 30 ]qn-bmn shn-bmgvN Hmw XnbXn,
ASp shn-bmgvN buap-hn-b, i\n-bmgvN Ad^ ]s, Ad^
shn-bmgvN Bbn-cppshn 29 _p[-\mgvN amk-n-dhn ImWWw. Av lnem I-Xmbn bmsXmcp sXfnhpw i_m-_ntem hnNn-

\_n(-k)-hym-gmgvN t\ms-Sp- ]Xn-hm-n-bn-cp-p. bm{X-bn


t]mepw {]kvXpX t\mv Hgn-hm-n-bn-cp-n-. Ad^m Znhkw lmPnamv t\mn-. Fm ap apkvenwI Av t\ms-Sp-p-p.
lmPn-amv t\mv Cs-nepw hymgm-gNbmbXp sImv kpv
t\mv A\p-jvSn-n-ptm Fp Adn-bm-\mWv Dp ^fvev ]m\obw
sImSp--bv ]cn-tim-[n--Xv.
7. Ad^m Znhkw fpldpw Akdpw PwDw Ikvdpw Bbn \a-kvIcnm \_n(-k)-Iev]np. shn-bmgvNbmbn-cpp Ad-^-sb-n
PpapA \a-kvIm-cs kw_-nv Fs-nepw hn[n-]-d-tb--X-t.
lmPn-am bm{X-m-cm-b-Xp-sImv PpapA \a-kvI-cn-t--Xn
Fsmcp adp-]Sn ]d-t-pw. bm{X-mv fpldpw Akdpw PwDw
Ikvdpw BsWv t\c-s-bp hn[n-bm-W-tm. Ad-^-bpsS Imcyn AXv {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xptm Fv Xncnp tNmZn-p-p.
Ds-n Ppap-A-sb-p-dnpw ]d-b-Ww.
C{Xbpw hni-Zo-I-cn--Xn \npw Ad^ hymgm-gvNbpw _en-s]cp-m shn-bm-gvN-bp-am-bn-cp-sv sXfn-bp-p. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw
Da(-d)-bpsS cp-X-c-n-ep dntmp-I ]cn-tim-[n-t--Xpv.
C_v\p Iko ]d-bp-p, ta Bbv Cd-n-bXv Ad-^b
- n \npw
\_n(-k)-a-S-nb tijw "Ain' ka-b-m-Wv. i_m_v \Inb
]cn-`m-j-bn "\_n(-k)-sh-n-bmgvN Znhkw Ad-^-bn \np
ka-b-mWv {]kvXpX Bbv Ah-X-cn-Xv'' (_p-Jmcn 45) Fv
]d-bp-p. ]s lZo-kns Ad_n aqe-n "hJvXv' Fsmcp
hmn-. "Ad-^-bn kt-fn Znhkw' Fv Aw hcp--h-bpam-Wp--Xv. bYm-n kw`-hn-Xv hymgmgvN Ad-^-bn \npw
\_n(-k)-aS-
- n-tmIp hgn-bn shn-bmgvN cmhn BWv Bbv
Ah-X-cn--Xv. ]ns-Zn-hkw shn-bmgvN an\m-bn shp \S-nb
Ncn-{X-{]-kn-a
- mb {]kw-K
- n \_n(A) B hN\w P\-sf HmXntn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
"buap Ad^' "ssee-p PpapA' Fo cp {]tbm-K-fpw
Iqn-hm-bn-p-tm Da(-d)-bpsS adp-]Sn ta ]m-e
-
- n Dmb-Xm-sWv a\-n-em-mw. tNmZyw tNmZn-Xv Hcp PqX-\m-W-tm.
Da(-d)-bpsS adp-]Sn ap--h-tcmSv ]d-bp-tm PqX-hn-izm-khpw
AXn Ien-p-m-hpw. PqX-hn-izmk {]Imcw kqcym-kvXa
- b
- t- mSp
IqSn Znhkw amdp-p. AXn-tev PqXs ImgvN-mSv {]Imcw
hymgmgvNbnse Ad-^m-Zn-hkw Ignv shn-bmgvN XpS-n-b-tijw
Jp-B Ah-Xc
- np Fp a\-n-emn ImW-Ww. ck-Ic
- a
- mb Imcyw
tIc-f-nse ]WvUn-Xam-cpsS hnizmk {]Im-chpw Znhkw XpS-pXv aKvcn_nv Bb-Xn-\m Da(-d)- \npw dntmv sNbvX
lZokv sImv Ad^ \S-Xv shn-bm-gvNb
- m-bn-cpp Fv Ahv
hmZn-m Ign-bn-. "buap Ppap-A' FXnv shn-bmgvN Fp-am8

{X-a-, P\- kt-fn Znhkw Fpw Aw ]d-bm-hp--XmWv. kqd iqd 7mw hN-\-n "kwi-b-c-ln-X-amb kt-f\ Znhkw'
F A-n ta hmNIw D]-tbm-Kn--Xmbn ImWm-hp--XmWv. Npcp--n Da(-d)-Pq-X-t\mSv ]d adp-]Sn sImp-am{Xw
Ad^ shn-bm-gvNb
- mWv \S-s
- Xv sXfn-bn-m Ign-bn-. AXnv
sXfnhv thsd Is--Ww.

A]w Ncn{Xw
Jeo^ Da(-d)-lnPvd Ie- \S-n-em-n-b-tm AXn Hmw
XnbXn Fm-bn-cpp. lnPvd \S-Xv d_o-D A amk-n-emWv. Ie- XpS-n-bXv B hjs apldw apXmWv. 01.01.01
Fv XpSn FXv At\z-jn-p-tm Adn-bm Ign-bp-Xv AXv
622 Pqembv 15 _p[-\mgvNbmbn-cpp. Av BtKmf kabw 05.36v
\yqaqtWmsS kqcy-{K-lW
- hpw kw`-hn-p. kqcym-kvXa
- b
-
- n-p-tijw
15 an\pv Ignv N{ AkvX-an-p. ASp Znhkw lnPvd Hmw
hjw Hmw-amkw Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbn \n-bn-p. CXv Fssktm-]o-Unb {_nm-\n-b
- n tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-p-v. Uln-bnse BZw
]ntjgvkv {]kn-o-I-cn "UnIvj\dn Hm^v Ckvemw' F ]pkvXI-nepw lnPvd Ie- 15.7.622 v Bcw-`np Fv ]d-bp-p. ]s
Cv apkvenw Ncn-{X-Im-cam ]d-bp-Xv 16.7.622 shn-bm-gvN-bmWv
lnPvd Ie--dnse Hmw Xnb-Xn-sb-m-Wv. CXv lnPvd Ie--dn
IS-p-Iq-Snb PqXm-bn-k-amWv ImWn-p--Xv. 14mw \qm-nse Hmtma `c-WI
- m-e
- mWv PqX-{- In-kvXy kzm[o\w aqew ]e CkvemanIv
Nn-fpw amnadn--s--Xv. Ie- XnbXn amn, {]`mXw apX
Znhkw XpS-pp F am\-ZWvUw aKvcn_n-tev amn. lnPvd Ie Xs Ah-K-Wnv {InkvXy Ie- apkvenw temIv \S-nem-n. Xpn-bn \npw H-\-h[n PqXm-bnkw Ckveman IS-pIq-Sn. {]am-W
- f
- p-ambn amp-c
- v AXn ]eXpw \ow sNbvXv Zo\ns\
ipo-I-cn-m Ckvemlo {]m-\-n\v Ign-p. ]s, Ie-dns Imcy-n IqSp-X A-Im-c-n-te-mWv bm{X sNp-Xv.
\_n(-k)-bpsS PohnXw Jp-B-\m-bn-cp-p FmWv Bbn-i(-d)-]d-n-p-X
- v. N{-e
- I
- Xnb-Xn-I ImWn-p-X
- mbpw Ah lnp AS-bm-f--fm-sWpw hn.Jp 2: 189 ]Tn-n-p-tm \_n(k)-A-X-\p-k-cnv am{Xta Pohn-p-I-bp-p. AX-msX Duls
]np-Sp-shpw Imew sXn Bcm-[\ \S-n-sbpw Btcm-]nm-Xn-cn-p-I. AXnv sXfn-h-t\z-jnv kabw If-bm-Xn-cn-p-I-sbnepw sN-W-sav At]-n-p-p. \_n(-k)-H-cn-epw Imew sXnn-n-. Xnb-Xn-I IrXy-ambn ]men-n-cp-p-shv Kth-jWw sXfnbn-p-p. "CuemAv' kw`hw CXv sXfn-bn-p-p. Hcp amkw `mcy-am9

\_n(-k)-hym-gmgvN t\ms-Sp- ]Xn-hm-n-bn-cp-p. bm{X-bn


t]mepw {]kvXpX t\mv Hgn-hm-n-bn-cp-n-. Ad^m Znhkw lmPnamv t\mn-. Fm ap apkvenwI Av t\ms-Sp-p-p.
lmPn-amv t\mv Cs-nepw hymgm-gNbmbXp sImv kpv
t\mv A\p-jvSn-n-ptm Fp Adn-bm-\mWv Dp ^fvev ]m\obw
sImSp--bv ]cn-tim-[n--Xv.
7. Ad^m Znhkw fpldpw Akdpw PwDw Ikvdpw Bbn \a-kvIcnm \_n(-k)-Iev]np. shn-bmgvNbmbn-cpp Ad-^-sb-n
PpapA \a-kvIm-cs kw_-nv Fs-nepw hn[n-]-d-tb--X-t.
lmPn-am bm{X-m-cm-b-Xp-sImv PpapA \a-kvI-cn-t--Xn
Fsmcp adp-]Sn ]d-t-pw. bm{X-mv fpldpw Akdpw PwDw
Ikvdpw BsWv t\c-s-bp hn[n-bm-W-tm. Ad-^-bpsS Imcyn AXv {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xptm Fv Xncnp tNmZn-p-p.
Ds-n Ppap-A-sb-p-dnpw ]d-b-Ww.
C{Xbpw hni-Zo-I-cn--Xn \npw Ad^ hymgm-gvNbpw _en-s]cp-m shn-bm-gvN-bp-am-bn-cp-sv sXfn-bp-p. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw
Da(-d)-bpsS cp-X-c-n-ep dntmp-I ]cn-tim-[n-t--Xpv.
C_v\p Iko ]d-bp-p, ta Bbv Cd-n-bXv Ad-^b
- n \npw
\_n(-k)-a-S-nb tijw "Ain' ka-b-m-Wv. i_m_v \Inb
]cn-`m-j-bn "\_n(-k)-sh-n-bmgvN Znhkw Ad-^-bn \np
ka-b-mWv {]kvXpX Bbv Ah-X-cn-Xv'' (_p-Jmcn 45) Fv
]d-bp-p. ]s lZo-kns Ad_n aqe-n "hJvXv' Fsmcp
hmn-. "Ad-^-bn kt-fn Znhkw' Fv Aw hcp--h-bpam-Wp--Xv. bYm-n kw`-hn-Xv hymgmgvN Ad-^-bn \npw
\_n(-k)-aS-
- n-tmIp hgn-bn shn-bmgvN cmhn BWv Bbv
Ah-X-cn--Xv. ]ns-Zn-hkw shn-bmgvN an\m-bn shp \S-nb
Ncn-{X-{]-kn-a
- mb {]kw-K
- n \_n(A) B hN\w P\-sf HmXntn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
"buap Ad^' "ssee-p PpapA' Fo cp {]tbm-K-fpw
Iqn-hm-bn-p-tm Da(-d)-bpsS adp-]Sn ta ]m-e
-
- n Dmb-Xm-sWv a\-n-em-mw. tNmZyw tNmZn-Xv Hcp PqX-\m-W-tm.
Da(-d)-bpsS adp-]Sn ap--h-tcmSv ]d-bp-tm PqX-hn-izm-khpw
AXn Ien-p-m-hpw. PqX-hn-izmk {]Imcw kqcym-kvXa
- b
- t- mSp
IqSn Znhkw amdp-p. AXn-tev PqXs ImgvN-mSv {]Imcw
hymgmgvNbnse Ad-^m-Zn-hkw Ignv shn-bmgvN XpS-n-b-tijw
Jp-B Ah-Xc
- np Fp a\-n-emn ImW-Ww. ck-Ic
- a
- mb Imcyw
tIc-f-nse ]WvUn-Xam-cpsS hnizmk {]Im-chpw Znhkw XpS-pXv aKvcn_nv Bb-Xn-\m Da(-d)- \npw dntmv sNbvX
lZokv sImv Ad^ \S-Xv shn-bm-gvNb
- m-bn-cpp Fv Ahv
hmZn-m Ign-bn-. "buap Ppap-A' FXnv shn-bmgvN Fp-am8

{X-a-, P\- kt-fn Znhkw Fpw Aw ]d-bm-hp--XmWv. kqd iqd 7mw hN-\-n "kwi-b-c-ln-X-amb kt-f\ Znhkw'
F A-n ta hmNIw D]-tbm-Kn--Xmbn ImWm-hp--XmWv. Npcp--n Da(-d)-Pq-X-t\mSv ]d adp-]Sn sImp-am{Xw
Ad^ shn-bm-gvNb
- mWv \S-s
- Xv sXfn-bn-m Ign-bn-. AXnv
sXfnhv thsd Is--Ww.

A]w Ncn{Xw
Jeo^ Da(-d)-lnPvd Ie- \S-n-em-n-b-tm AXn Hmw
XnbXn Fm-bn-cpp. lnPvd \S-Xv d_o-D A amk-n-emWv. Ie- XpS-n-bXv B hjs apldw apXmWv. 01.01.01
Fv XpSn FXv At\z-jn-p-tm Adn-bm Ign-bp-Xv AXv
622 Pqembv 15 _p[-\mgvNbmbn-cpp. Av BtKmf kabw 05.36v
\yqaqtWmsS kqcy-{K-lW
- hpw kw`-hn-p. kqcym-kvXa
- b
-
- n-p-tijw
15 an\pv Ignv N{ AkvX-an-p. ASp Znhkw lnPvd Hmw
hjw Hmw-amkw Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbn \n-bn-p. CXv Fssktm-]o-Unb {_nm-\n-b
- n tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-p-v. Uln-bnse BZw
]ntjgvkv {]kn-o-I-cn "UnIvj\dn Hm^v Ckvemw' F ]pkvXI-nepw lnPvd Ie- 15.7.622 v Bcw-`np Fv ]d-bp-p. ]s
Cv apkvenw Ncn-{X-Im-cam ]d-bp-Xv 16.7.622 shn-bm-gvN-bmWv
lnPvd Ie--dnse Hmw Xnb-Xn-sb-m-Wv. CXv lnPvd Ie--dn
IS-p-Iq-Snb PqXm-bn-k-amWv ImWn-p--Xv. 14mw \qm-nse Hmtma `c-WI
- m-e
- mWv PqX-{- In-kvXy kzm[o\w aqew ]e CkvemanIv
Nn-fpw amnadn--s--Xv. Ie- XnbXn amn, {]`mXw apX
Znhkw XpS-pp F am\-ZWvUw aKvcn_n-tev amn. lnPvd Ie Xs Ah-K-Wnv {InkvXy Ie- apkvenw temIv \S-nem-n. Xpn-bn \npw H-\-h[n PqXm-bnkw Ckveman IS-pIq-Sn. {]am-W
- f
- p-ambn amp-c
- v AXn ]eXpw \ow sNbvXv Zo\ns\
ipo-I-cn-m Ckvemlo {]m-\-n\v Ign-p. ]s, Ie-dns Imcy-n IqSp-X A-Im-c-n-te-mWv bm{X sNp-Xv.
\_n(-k)-bpsS PohnXw Jp-B-\m-bn-cp-p FmWv Bbn-i(-d)-]d-n-p-X
- v. N{-e
- I
- Xnb-Xn-I ImWn-p-X
- mbpw Ah lnp AS-bm-f--fm-sWpw hn.Jp 2: 189 ]Tn-n-p-tm \_n(k)-A-X-\p-k-cnv am{Xta Pohn-p-I-bp-p. AX-msX Duls
]np-Sp-shpw Imew sXn Bcm-[\ \S-n-sbpw Btcm-]nm-Xn-cn-p-I. AXnv sXfn-h-t\z-jnv kabw If-bm-Xn-cn-p-I-sbnepw sN-W-sav At]-n-p-p. \_n(-k)-H-cn-epw Imew sXnn-n-. Xnb-Xn-I IrXy-ambn ]men-n-cp-p-shv Kth-jWw sXfnbn-p-p. "CuemAv' kw`hw CXv sXfn-bn-p-p. Hcp amkw `mcy-am9

cn \nv hnp \np-sav ]d {]hm-N-I 29-mw Znhkw Bbni(-d)bpsS -A-Spv h k`w. Pn_vco(-A) \_n(-k)sb Adnbn-p. B amkw 29 Znh-k--tf-bp-p-sh-v. AX-s-n {]kvXpX
amkw lnem Iv ASp Znh-kta \_n(-k)v hon t]mIm
Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p-p.(A^-\m No.10)

apK-W\m {]am-W-taXv?
Fs ta teJ-\-n GsX-nepw kwL-S-\-tbtbm hyntbtbm hnain-p-Ibpm-bn-n-. Fm i_m_v Hcp a\x-imkv{X
bp-n-\mWv Xm-dm-bn-cn-p--Xv. {]am-W--fpsS shfn--n adp]Sn ]d-bm Ign-bmsX htm FXn-cm-fnsb hyn-lXy \Sp
]gb JWvU\
- - h
- mZ {]Xn-hmZ AShv {]tbm-Knp t\mp-Ib
- mWv i_m_v teJ-I. Acw NXn-p-gn-bn lnPvd Inn hogp-Ib
- n-. hyn]-c-amb A[n-t-]- amn-shv {]am-W--fn-tev aS-p-I.
Ckveman {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-amb {]amWw Jp-B-\m-Wv. AXp-Ignv \_n(-k)-bpsS kp-pw. tij-amWv CPvamDw Jnbmkpw apw
]cn-K-Wn-tXv FmWv apIme Ckvemlo ]WvUn-Xam-cn
\npw Rm ]Tn-n-p-X
- v. Fpap-XmWv Jp-B\pw kppw
]cn-KW
- n-msX apPm-lnZv {]m\w ]nme ]WvUn-Xam-cp-sSbpw
Cam-ap-If
- p-sSbw A`n-{]m-b
- v apK-W\ \Im XpS-n-bs
- Xv
PwC--p Dae hy-am-t--Xp-v.
]qo-I-cpsS \ne-]mSv
Ign 35 hj-mew Ckvemlo {]m-\-n {]hn
F\n--Xns Ncn-{X-a-dn-bmw. sFIy-n-\p-thn cq]o-I-cn lnem
Inn Xs IqSp-X `nn-np tlXp-hmbno ZpxJ Ncn-{Xhp-ad
- n-bmw. 1980 Ifn [occpw kXy-k
- c
- p-am-bn-cp-, hnm-\
- ns
\nd-Ip-S--fm-bn-cp ]WvUn-X-t{i-jvT-cpsS Fgppw {]kw-K-hp-amWv
amk- n- d - h n- b psS imkv { Xo- b - X bpw aX- h n- [ nbpw a\- n- e m- m
Fsbpw ap-]-e-tcbpw klm-bn--Xv. 1982- ^tdm-n \S apPmlnZv kwm\ kt-f-\-n {]kn-o-I-cn tkmh-\o-dn Sn.-]n.Ip-ymap kmln-_n-sbpw s{]m^-k sI.-A-l-Zv Ipn kmln-_nsbpw teJ-\- Fs AKm-[-ambn kzm[o-\n-p. lnPvd Innsb hnain-m thn t_m[-]qw sXfn-hp-I sa\-s-Spp--h {]kvXpX tkmh-\o Hcm-hn hmbn--Ww. s{]m^.AlZv Ipn kmln_v Fgp-Xn ""Hcp \yqaq kw`-hn-p--tXmsS
]pXnb amkw ]nd-p-I-bm-bn. ]s ]pXnb N{-s\(-ln-em-en-s\)-DSs\ Is-p-hc
- n-.'' CtX-Imcyw aWvp-^m ]d-bp-tm Atlw
hnh-c-an-m--h-\m-Ip--sX-n-s\-bm-Wv? sI.-kn.-A-_q-_- auehn
F alm-]-WvUn-Xs\ sI.-sP.-bp-hnv Hm-bptm Ftm? sI.kn.-]e tPp-I-fnepw ]d-Xv Rm tIn-p-v. ""\mw Dn-mb
10

kap-Zm-b-am-Wv. \apv Fgp-Xm\pw IW-p-Iq-m\pw Adn-bn-. AXn\m N{--e-I t\mn amk-n-dhn \n-bn-pI'' F lZokv
D-cnp sImv Atlw kan-n-p-Xv, IW-p-Iq-m ]Tn-pI-gn-m ]ns amk-n-dhn t\mt--Xn Fm-Wv. ^-lp
_mcn-bn C_v\p lP AkvJ-em-\nbpw CXp- XsbmWv ]d-np--Xv. CXp auehnam \ntj-[n-ptam?. Ctm-gs sI.-sP.-bp.-{]kn-U v ]d-bp-Xv amk-n-dhn kw_--amb IWv Iqmt\ ]mSn
FmWv. AXns AY-sam-Wv. Fn--tlw Xs IW-p-Iqn
N{ "C{X' an\p-p-apv AkvX-an-p--Xn-\m amkw ]nd-p-I-bn
Fv {]kvXm-h-\-bp-an-d-p-p. Cns\ `mKn-I-ambn IW-p-]-d-bm
sXfn-sh-s-p tNmZn-m tNmZn--bmsf hnh-c-an-m--h Fv
hnfnv A[n-t-]n-p-Ibpw sNp-p. tIc-f-nse CkvemanI
sshm-\nI cwKv \-{X--sf-tmse Xnf-nb ]WvUn-Xamcp-m-bn-cp Hcp Ime-ap-m-bn-cp-p. IWv kzoIm-cy-am-sWpw
tKmf-im-kv{X--Wv {]Imcw amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-m-hp--XmsWpw hmZn ]WvUnX t{ijvT A\-h-[n-bm-bn-cpp Ckvemlo
{]m-\-n. {]m\ m]I t\Xm-hmbncp BZ-c-Wo-b-\mb
sI.-Fw.-au-e-hn, lnp Zn\-]-{X-n sImSp-p IWv {]Imcw
\jvS-s t\mv t\mp-ho-m ^Xvh \In-bn-cp-p. Ctm? Cv
IW-p-t\m-mt\ ]mSn-s{X.
{]am-W--fpsS apK-W\m{Iaw ]g-b-Ime Ckvemlo ]WvUnXam ]Tn-n-n-p-Xv Jp-B, kp-v, CPvamAv, Jnbmkv F
{Ia-n-em-Wv. Ctm Xe-Xn-cn-mWv ]cn-K-Wn-p-sIm-n-cn-p--Xv.
Jp-B ]cn-K-Wn-pt C. lZo-km-sW-ntem apIme ]WvUnXam \Inb AYw amn Fgp-Xpp, Fp am{X-a Ahv
sXp-]-n-b-Xm-sWpw A_vZp laoZv aZo\n FgpXn shn-cn-pp.
hfsc hn\o-X-ambn ]d-b-s, Rm Cs PwC--p De-abpsS A\p-bm-bn-b. sI.-Fw.-au-ehn apX sI.-]n.-ap-l-Zv auehn
hsc-bp XymKo-hc
- y-cmb ]WvUn-Xam Fgp-Xn-bX
- pw {]kw-Kn-Xpw
tIpw Ipw ]Tnpw a\-n-em-nb Bi-b- BWv Fs teJ\-n-ep--Xv. Rm Hcp ]WvUn-X-\-. `mjm-]-cn-m-\n-bp-a-.
Ckvemlo ]WvUn-Xam Fgp-Xnb {K-fpw Jp-B ]cn-`m-jIfpw ASn-m-\-am-n-bmWv teJ\w Xm-dm-p--Xv. h sXpw
]n-bm AXv Xncp-m F\n--h-Im-i-ap-v. Rm Xncnp tNmZn
teJ\w Xncn-p-\ImsX AXp-Xs {]kn-o-I-cn-p-Ibpw Rm
Xncp--ep-I Bh-iy-s `mKw Xnc-s-Spv hnain-p-hm amfp-Iv \Ip-I-bpw, Hcp aX-hn-izm-knv ]m-n-h[w ]cn-l-knp Csa-bn-ep-I Ab-p-Ibpw apw sNp-X
- ns D-ch
- m-Znw
i_m-_nv Bb-Xn-\m AXns\n ]cmXn ]d-bm\pw F\n--h-Imi-apsv Rm Icp-Xp-p. ImcWw 35 hj-ambn Rm Ckvemlo
11

cn \nv hnp \np-sav ]d {]hm-N-I 29-mw Znhkw Bbni(-d)bpsS -A-Spv h k`w. Pn_vco(-A) \_n(-k)sb Adnbn-p. B amkw 29 Znh-k--tf-bp-p-sh-v. AX-s-n {]kvXpX
amkw lnem Iv ASp Znh-kta \_n(-k)v hon t]mIm
Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p-p.(A^-\m No.10)

apK-W\m {]am-W-taXv?
Fs ta teJ-\-n GsX-nepw kwL-S-\-tbtbm hyntbtbm hnain-p-Ibpm-bn-n-. Fm i_m_v Hcp a\x-imkv{X
bp-n-\mWv Xm-dm-bn-cn-p--Xv. {]am-W--fpsS shfn--n adp]Sn ]d-bm Ign-bmsX htm FXn-cm-fnsb hyn-lXy \Sp
]gb JWvU\
- - h
- mZ {]Xn-hmZ AShv {]tbm-Knp t\mp-Ib
- mWv i_m_v teJ-I. Acw NXn-p-gn-bn lnPvd Inn hogp-Ib
- n-. hyn]-c-amb A[n-t-]- amn-shv {]am-W--fn-tev aS-p-I.
Ckveman {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-amb {]amWw Jp-B-\m-Wv. AXp-Ignv \_n(-k)-bpsS kp-pw. tij-amWv CPvamDw Jnbmkpw apw
]cn-K-Wn-tXv FmWv apIme Ckvemlo ]WvUn-Xam-cn
\npw Rm ]Tn-n-p-X
- v. Fpap-XmWv Jp-B\pw kppw
]cn-KW
- n-msX apPm-lnZv {]m\w ]nme ]WvUn-Xam-cp-sSbpw
Cam-ap-If
- p-sSbw A`n-{]m-b
- v apK-W\ \Im XpS-n-bs
- Xv
PwC--p Dae hy-am-t--Xp-v.
]qo-I-cpsS \ne-]mSv
Ign 35 hj-mew Ckvemlo {]m-\-n {]hn
F\n--Xns Ncn-{X-a-dn-bmw. sFIy-n-\p-thn cq]o-I-cn lnem
Inn Xs IqSp-X `nn-np tlXp-hmbno ZpxJ Ncn-{Xhp-ad
- n-bmw. 1980 Ifn [occpw kXy-k
- c
- p-am-bn-cp-, hnm-\
- ns
\nd-Ip-S--fm-bn-cp ]WvUn-X-t{i-jvT-cpsS Fgppw {]kw-K-hp-amWv
amk- n- d - h n- b psS imkv { Xo- b - X bpw aX- h n- [ nbpw a\- n- e m- m
Fsbpw ap-]-e-tcbpw klm-bn--Xv. 1982- ^tdm-n \S apPmlnZv kwm\ kt-f-\-n {]kn-o-I-cn tkmh-\o-dn Sn.-]n.Ip-ymap kmln-_n-sbpw s{]m^-k sI.-A-l-Zv Ipn kmln-_nsbpw teJ-\- Fs AKm-[-ambn kzm[o-\n-p. lnPvd Innsb hnain-m thn t_m[-]qw sXfn-hp-I sa\-s-Spp--h {]kvXpX tkmh-\o Hcm-hn hmbn--Ww. s{]m^.AlZv Ipn kmln_v Fgp-Xn ""Hcp \yqaq kw`-hn-p--tXmsS
]pXnb amkw ]nd-p-I-bm-bn. ]s ]pXnb N{-s\(-ln-em-en-s\)-DSs\ Is-p-hc
- n-.'' CtX-Imcyw aWvp-^m ]d-bp-tm Atlw
hnh-c-an-m--h-\m-Ip--sX-n-s\-bm-Wv? sI.-kn.-A-_q-_- auehn
F alm-]-WvUn-Xs\ sI.-sP.-bp-hnv Hm-bptm Ftm? sI.kn.-]e tPp-I-fnepw ]d-Xv Rm tIn-p-v. ""\mw Dn-mb
10

kap-Zm-b-am-Wv. \apv Fgp-Xm\pw IW-p-Iq-m\pw Adn-bn-. AXn\m N{--e-I t\mn amk-n-dhn \n-bn-pI'' F lZokv
D-cnp sImv Atlw kan-n-p-Xv, IW-p-Iq-m ]Tn-pI-gn-m ]ns amk-n-dhn t\mt--Xn Fm-Wv. ^-lp
_mcn-bn C_v\p lP AkvJ-em-\nbpw CXp- XsbmWv ]d-np--Xv. CXp auehnam \ntj-[n-ptam?. Ctm-gs sI.-sP.-bp.-{]kn-U v ]d-bp-Xv amk-n-dhn kw_--amb IWv Iqmt\ ]mSn
FmWv. AXns AY-sam-Wv. Fn--tlw Xs IW-p-Iqn
N{ "C{X' an\p-p-apv AkvX-an-p--Xn-\m amkw ]nd-p-I-bn
Fv {]kvXm-h-\-bp-an-d-p-p. Cns\ `mKn-I-ambn IW-p-]-d-bm
sXfn-sh-s-p tNmZn-m tNmZn--bmsf hnh-c-an-m--h Fv
hnfnv A[n-t-]n-p-Ibpw sNp-p. tIc-f-nse CkvemanI
sshm-\nI cwKv \-{X--sf-tmse Xnf-nb ]WvUn-Xamcp-m-bn-cp Hcp Ime-ap-m-bn-cp-p. IWv kzoIm-cy-am-sWpw
tKmf-im-kv{X--Wv {]Imcw amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-m-hp--XmsWpw hmZn ]WvUnX t{ijvT A\-h-[n-bm-bn-cpp Ckvemlo
{]m-\-n. {]m\ m]I t\Xm-hmbncp BZ-c-Wo-b-\mb
sI.-Fw.-au-e-hn, lnp Zn\-]-{X-n sImSp-p IWv {]Imcw
\jvS-s t\mv t\mp-ho-m ^Xvh \In-bn-cp-p. Ctm? Cv
IW-p-t\m-mt\ ]mSn-s{X.
{]am-W--fpsS apK-W\m{Iaw ]g-b-Ime Ckvemlo ]WvUnXam ]Tn-n-n-p-Xv Jp-B, kp-v, CPvamAv, Jnbmkv F
{Ia-n-em-Wv. Ctm Xe-Xn-cn-mWv ]cn-K-Wn-p-sIm-n-cn-p--Xv.
Jp-B ]cn-K-Wn-pt C. lZo-km-sW-ntem apIme ]WvUnXam \Inb AYw amn Fgp-Xpp, Fp am{X-a Ahv
sXp-]-n-b-Xm-sWpw A_vZp laoZv aZo\n FgpXn shn-cn-pp.
hfsc hn\o-X-ambn ]d-b-s, Rm Cs PwC--p De-abpsS A\p-bm-bn-b. sI.-Fw.-au-ehn apX sI.-]n.-ap-l-Zv auehn
hsc-bp XymKo-hc
- y-cmb ]WvUn-Xam Fgp-Xn-bX
- pw {]kw-Kn-Xpw
tIpw Ipw ]Tnpw a\-n-em-nb Bi-b- BWv Fs teJ\-n-ep--Xv. Rm Hcp ]WvUn-X-\-. `mjm-]-cn-m-\n-bp-a-.
Ckvemlo ]WvUn-Xam Fgp-Xnb {K-fpw Jp-B ]cn-`m-jIfpw ASn-m-\-am-n-bmWv teJ\w Xm-dm-p--Xv. h sXpw
]n-bm AXv Xncp-m F\n--h-Im-i-ap-v. Rm Xncnp tNmZn
teJ\w Xncn-p-\ImsX AXp-Xs {]kn-o-I-cn-p-Ibpw Rm
Xncp--ep-I Bh-iy-s `mKw Xnc-s-Spv hnain-p-hm amfp-Iv \Ip-I-bpw, Hcp aX-hn-izm-knv ]m-n-h[w ]cn-l-knp Csa-bn-ep-I Ab-p-Ibpw apw sNp-X
- ns D-ch
- m-Znw
i_m-_nv Bb-Xn-\m AXns\n ]cmXn ]d-bm\pw F\n--h-Imi-apsv Rm Icp-Xp-p. ImcWw 35 hj-ambn Rm Ckvemlo
11

{]m\ {]h-I\mWv FXpXs.

tImem-l-e-ap-m-p--h-cm?
Ad^ hymgm-gvNtbm shn-bm-gvNtbm FXv hmZ-tIm-em-l-eambn Ah-X-cn-n-Xv i_m_pw PwC--p De-a-bp-am-W-tm. Ah
D-bn hmZ-ap-J- \-dnv Rm adp-]Sn \In-bXv i_m_v
178mw e-n \n hmbn-p. Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bmWv Fp
hm Xo-bmbpw \yqaq AYhm Aam-hmknshmWv amk-ndhn ]cn-KW
- n-Xv Fp-h
- p. shn-bm-gvNb
- m-sW-ntem? shn-bmgvN
Bh-W-sa-n \n-fpsS Bi-b-{]-Imcw ZpJ-AZ 29v aKvcn_nv
lnem ImW-Ww. Fm Hcp ew kzlm-_n-I-fpsS IqsS bm{Xbn-em-bnpw \_n(-k)- ZpJ-AZ 29 v aKvcn_v Pam-Av \a-kvImcw
\on-shv amkw t\mn-b-Xmbn Hcmt]mepw dntmv sNbvXn-n-.
\_n(-k)-B-sc-sb-nepw "amkw t\mm' Npa-X-e-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbpw
dntmn-. ]ns-sb-ns\ Zpln amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-p-shv
sI.-sP.-bp- t\Xm--fpsS te-J\w app-X-hW hmbn-npw ImWm
km[n-n-n-. lZokv hcpt Fv, sImn-tLm-jn-s-nepw InXm_nse Hcp `mKw am{X-am-Wv IXv. CXns\ lZokv Bbn ]WvUnXam ]cn-K-Wn-p-I-bn-. B\ Fv ]dp Ipgn-bm-\sb ImWnm AXv hnh-ca
- p i_m_v hmb-\
- m kzoI-cn-p-sIm-p-saXv
auUy-am-Wv. BZyw amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-mw. Hmw XnbXn \nbn-m-es 9mw XnXn GXp Znh-k-am-bn-cp-sv Xocp-am-\n-m
Ign-bp-I-bp-q. Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp Fp sXfn-bn-p
]tmfw sXfn-hp-I Rm \n-c-n-bn-cp-p. AXn \npw Xncs-Spv Nne-Xn\v adp-]S- n-sb-gpXn X Pbnp Fv kzbw {]Jym]n-p--h Xmsg sImSp-p hni-Zo-I-cWw IqSn {in-p-I.
1. apkvenw temIv Pohn-p Htc-sbmcp hyn FXp hynI-fn Hcm Fv Xncpn Fgp-Xm Rm Bh-iy-s-nv AXp-sNmsX aue-hn-amv hnain-m Ah-kc
- s
- am-cp-p-Ib
- mWv i_m_v
sNbvX-Xv.
tijw ew 19- B Hcp Xncpv {]kn-o-Ic
- n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXn-\m Cu ]cm-ai-\v adp-]Sn Bh-iy-an-. bp.-F.C `c-Wm-[nImcn am{X-a ]ecpw kt-f\w tNcp-p-v. ]s hn Xncp-\c \nv "A\-p-n' Fp-am-{Xw. tIc-f-n F{X kt-f-\ \S-p. sI.-sP.-bp. Xs F{X kt-f-\- \S-n. hn
A\-ntbm? hn.-Jp-B kqd: Xu_ 36-mw Bb-n Iev]nnp Am-lp-hns InXm-_n tcJ-s-Sp-nb Ie- `qan-bn
]p\x-m-]n-p-Ibpw AXv Pohn-X-n ]Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-pXv "lnPvd Inn Hm^v Cy' am{X-am-sWv temI-n--dn-bmw.
AX am-sc-nepw Ds-n ImWnp Xm ktm-j-am-Wv.
kDuZn Atd-_y-t]mepw Ie- {]Im-c-a Imcy- \S-p--Xv.
12

2. lnPvd In-n-bpsS {]Xn-Omb XIm i_m_v {ian-m


hnP-bn-p-sap tXmp-n. ImcWw Bt]w ]d-bp--h-cn Hcp
hnizmkw P\-v thW-atm? lnPvd Inn ]d-bpXv Jp-B\ns shfn--am-Wv. AXv, Am-lp-hns kwc--W-n-em-Wv.
"Jmebpw Jo-ebpw am{X-at i_m-_nv JWvUn-X-amb {]am-Ww.
Jp-B-\n \npw Hcm-b-p-t]mepw sXfn-hmbn D-cn-p-I-n-n-.
Jp-B {]am-W-a-m-Xmtbm sI.-sP.-bp-hn\v.
3. _en-s]-cp-m shn-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp F C_v\p Amkns dntmv ssiJv \mk-dp-o A_m\n icn-sh-X
- mbn C_v\p
Iko(-d)-Xs X^vkodn tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p.'' F Fs
teJ-\-nse ]cm-aiw "C_v\p Iko X^vkodn ASn-p-dn-mbn
tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp' Fv Xncp--W-sav Rm Bh-iy-s-ncp-p. AXv Xncp-msX {]kn-o-I-cnv adp-]Sn FgpXn tIaw \Snp-Xv A-m \S-]-Sn-b-. 25.10.10 \v Rm i_m_v Hm^okn \Inb teJ\w H-c-amkw Kth-jWw \Sn adp-]Sn Xmdm-nb tijw Unkw-_ 3 \v Fs adp-]Snbpw Unwkw-_ 10-\v
tIa-ambn AXn-\p adp-]-Snbpw {]kn-o-I-cn--Xnse Xnv hmb-\m a\-n-em--Ww. teJ-\-fpw ]pkvX-I-fpw Fgp-Xn-b-tm
kw`-hn `mjm-]-c-amb sXp-I hyXn-bm-\- Bm {ian-Xpw
BbXv a\- n- e m- m 19 ]Wv U n- X am ]pfn- - e n tbmKw
tNXpw ad-p-t]mtbm? Ah FSp Xocp-am\w Fm-bn-cpp?
X^vko-dns ]pXnb ]Xnv Cd-n-bh
- C_v\p Am-kv(d
- )-hns
lZokv kzlo-lm-sWv Adn-bp--Xp-sImv ssiJv A_m-\n(-d)A-Xns\ kmy-s-Sp-n-bXv ASn-p-dn-mbn \In. {]km-[I
- tcJs-Sp-n-bXv aqe{K-Im-c tcJ-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbn Fgp-Xnb Hcp
`mjm-]-c-amb ]ni-ImtWm Ad^ shn-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp Fp-Xnv aue-hn-amv sXfn-hv? hnai-I \ntj-[n-t-Xv A_m-\nbpsS kmy-s-Sp-e
- n-s\-bm-Wv. C_v\p Am-kv(d
- )-hns dntmns\-bm-Wv. AXn\v Xm-dm-sWn aXn-bmb sXfnhv lmP-dm-p-I.
C_v\p Iko Xs {K-n Fgp-XnbXv FSp-p-Im-Wn-m
Hcp tImSn C\mw {]Jym-]n-p-n-t- ]m-epw. shp-hn-fnbpw C\mw {]Jym]n--ep-samw kzw hmZ-ns _e-lo-\X aqSn-sh-m-\p {ians `mK-sav aue-hn-am ]d-bp-p. [oc-\mb ]WvUn-X\
- m-bn-cpp
Daau-e-hn. ap sI.-sP.-bp.-{]-kn-U v. Atlw \_n(-k) \a-kvImc
tijw Iqp-{]m\ \S-n-bX
- mb Hcp Zpe lZo-sk-nepw lmPdm-p--hv Hcp ew cq] C\mw Ap {]Jym-]n-n-cp-p. Cu
aue-hn-am-cpsS bpn-bn As PwC--p Da-e-bpsS _elo-\X aqSn-sh--Xm-bn-cnmw Daau-ehn!!.

shp-hnfn k{X
""hnain-phtcm-sSms Gp-ap-p \ne-]m-SmWv ]e-tmgpw
13

{]m\ {]h-I\mWv FXpXs.

tImem-l-e-ap-m-p--h-cm?
Ad^ hymgm-gvNtbm shn-bm-gvNtbm FXv hmZ-tIm-em-l-eambn Ah-X-cn-n-Xv i_m_pw PwC--p De-a-bp-am-W-tm. Ah
D-bn hmZ-ap-J- \-dnv Rm adp-]Sn \In-bXv i_m_v
178mw e-n \n hmbn-p. Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bmWv Fp
hm Xo-bmbpw \yqaq AYhm Aam-hmknshmWv amk-ndhn ]cn-KW
- n-Xv Fp-h
- p. shn-bm-gvNb
- m-sW-ntem? shn-bmgvN
Bh-W-sa-n \n-fpsS Bi-b-{]-Imcw ZpJ-AZ 29v aKvcn_nv
lnem ImW-Ww. Fm Hcp ew kzlm-_n-I-fpsS IqsS bm{Xbn-em-bnpw \_n(-k)- ZpJ-AZ 29 v aKvcn_v Pam-Av \a-kvImcw
\on-shv amkw t\mn-b-Xmbn Hcmt]mepw dntmv sNbvXn-n-.
\_n(-k)-B-sc-sb-nepw "amkw t\mm' Npa-X-e-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbpw
dntmn-. ]ns-sb-ns\ Zpln amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-p-shv
sI.-sP.-bp- t\Xm--fpsS te-J\w app-X-hW hmbn-npw ImWm
km[n-n-n-. lZokv hcpt Fv, sImn-tLm-jn-s-nepw InXm_nse Hcp `mKw am{X-am-Wv IXv. CXns\ lZokv Bbn ]WvUnXam ]cn-K-Wn-p-I-bn-. B\ Fv ]dp Ipgn-bm-\sb ImWnm AXv hnh-ca
- p i_m_v hmb-\
- m kzoI-cn-p-sIm-p-saXv
auUy-am-Wv. BZyw amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-mw. Hmw XnbXn \nbn-m-es 9mw XnXn GXp Znh-k-am-bn-cp-sv Xocp-am-\n-m
Ign-bp-I-bp-q. Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp Fp sXfn-bn-p
]tmfw sXfn-hp-I Rm \n-c-n-bn-cp-p. AXn \npw Xncs-Spv Nne-Xn\v adp-]S- n-sb-gpXn X Pbnp Fv kzbw {]Jym]n-p--h Xmsg sImSp-p hni-Zo-I-cWw IqSn {in-p-I.
1. apkvenw temIv Pohn-p Htc-sbmcp hyn FXp hynI-fn Hcm Fv Xncpn Fgp-Xm Rm Bh-iy-s-nv AXp-sNmsX aue-hn-amv hnain-m Ah-kc
- s
- am-cp-p-Ib
- mWv i_m_v
sNbvX-Xv.
tijw ew 19- B Hcp Xncpv {]kn-o-Ic
- n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXn-\m Cu ]cm-ai-\v adp-]Sn Bh-iy-an-. bp.-F.C `c-Wm-[nImcn am{X-a ]ecpw kt-f\w tNcp-p-v. ]s hn Xncp-\c \nv "A\-p-n' Fp-am-{Xw. tIc-f-n F{X kt-f-\ \S-p. sI.-sP.-bp. Xs F{X kt-f-\- \S-n. hn
A\-ntbm? hn.-Jp-B kqd: Xu_ 36-mw Bb-n Iev]nnp Am-lp-hns InXm-_n tcJ-s-Sp-nb Ie- `qan-bn
]p\x-m-]n-p-Ibpw AXv Pohn-X-n ]Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-pXv "lnPvd Inn Hm^v Cy' am{X-am-sWv temI-n--dn-bmw.
AX am-sc-nepw Ds-n ImWnp Xm ktm-j-am-Wv.
kDuZn Atd-_y-t]mepw Ie- {]Im-c-a Imcy- \S-p--Xv.
12

2. lnPvd In-n-bpsS {]Xn-Omb XIm i_m_v {ian-m


hnP-bn-p-sap tXmp-n. ImcWw Bt]w ]d-bp--h-cn Hcp
hnizmkw P\-v thW-atm? lnPvd Inn ]d-bpXv Jp-B\ns shfn--am-Wv. AXv, Am-lp-hns kwc--W-n-em-Wv.
"Jmebpw Jo-ebpw am{X-at i_m-_nv JWvUn-X-amb {]am-Ww.
Jp-B-\n \npw Hcm-b-p-t]mepw sXfn-hmbn D-cn-p-I-n-n-.
Jp-B {]am-W-a-m-Xmtbm sI.-sP.-bp-hn\v.
3. _en-s]-cp-m shn-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp F C_v\p Amkns dntmv ssiJv \mk-dp-o A_m\n icn-sh-X
- mbn C_v\p
Iko(-d)-Xs X^vkodn tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p.'' F Fs
teJ-\-nse ]cm-aiw "C_v\p Iko X^vkodn ASn-p-dn-mbn
tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp' Fv Xncp--W-sav Rm Bh-iy-s-ncp-p. AXv Xncp-msX {]kn-o-I-cnv adp-]Sn FgpXn tIaw \Snp-Xv A-m \S-]-Sn-b-. 25.10.10 \v Rm i_m_v Hm^okn \Inb teJ\w H-c-amkw Kth-jWw \Sn adp-]Sn Xmdm-nb tijw Unkw-_ 3 \v Fs adp-]Snbpw Unwkw-_ 10-\v
tIa-ambn AXn-\p adp-]-Snbpw {]kn-o-I-cn--Xnse Xnv hmb-\m a\-n-em--Ww. teJ-\-fpw ]pkvX-I-fpw Fgp-Xn-b-tm
kw`-hn `mjm-]-c-amb sXp-I hyXn-bm-\- Bm {ian-Xpw
BbXv a\- n- e m- m 19 ]Wv U n- X am ]pfn- - e n tbmKw
tNXpw ad-p-t]mtbm? Ah FSp Xocp-am\w Fm-bn-cpp?
X^vko-dns ]pXnb ]Xnv Cd-n-bh
- C_v\p Am-kv(d
- )-hns
lZokv kzlo-lm-sWv Adn-bp--Xp-sImv ssiJv A_m-\n(-d)A-Xns\ kmy-s-Sp-n-bXv ASn-p-dn-mbn \In. {]km-[I
- tcJs-Sp-n-bXv aqe{K-Im-c tcJ-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbn Fgp-Xnb Hcp
`mjm-]-c-amb ]ni-ImtWm Ad^ shn-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp Fp-Xnv aue-hn-amv sXfn-hv? hnai-I \ntj-[n-t-Xv A_m-\nbpsS kmy-s-Sp-e
- n-s\-bm-Wv. C_v\p Am-kv(d
- )-hns dntmns\-bm-Wv. AXn\v Xm-dm-sWn aXn-bmb sXfnhv lmP-dm-p-I.
C_v\p Iko Xs {K-n Fgp-XnbXv FSp-p-Im-Wn-m
Hcp tImSn C\mw {]Jym-]n-p-n-t- ]m-epw. shp-hn-fnbpw C\mw {]Jym]n--ep-samw kzw hmZ-ns _e-lo-\X aqSn-sh-m-\p {ians `mK-sav aue-hn-am ]d-bp-p. [oc-\mb ]WvUn-X\
- m-bn-cpp
Daau-e-hn. ap sI.-sP.-bp.-{]-kn-U v. Atlw \_n(-k) \a-kvImc
tijw Iqp-{]m\ \S-n-bX
- mb Hcp Zpe lZo-sk-nepw lmPdm-p--hv Hcp ew cq] C\mw Ap {]Jym-]n-n-cp-p. Cu
aue-hn-am-cpsS bpn-bn As PwC--p Da-e-bpsS _elo-\X aqSn-sh--Xm-bn-cnmw Daau-ehn!!.

shp-hnfn k{X
""hnain-phtcm-sSms Gp-ap-p \ne-]m-SmWv ]e-tmgpw
13

Ip-h-cp--Xv.'' Fv akq-den sNmSv hnain-n-cn-p-p. ]qWambpw sXmb Hcp ]cm-ai-am-Wn-Xv. P.-A-en-a-Wn-Iv^m BtcmSpw
Gp-ap-m t]mbn-n-. At-l-n\v ]d-bm-\p-Xv Atlw ]WvUnXam-scbpw km[m-c-W-m-tcbpw Hcp-t]mse t\cn Ip ]d-bp-Ibm-Wpm-b-Xv. \n`m-Ky-h-im tIc-f-nse ]WvUn-X-k`Isfmpw
\thm-m-\-ns IpI Ah-Im-i-s-Sp--h-c-Sw Atlw ]dbp-Xv tIp-Itbm N sNp-Itbm Dm-bn-n-. t\cnv hmZ{]-Xnhm-Z-n-mWv Wn--Xv. AXn-ep--]cn-bmbn lnPvd In-n-bpS
ho-Ws hnI-e-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cnv AXnv adp-]Sn ]dv P\sf hgn-sX-n-p \ne-]m-SmWv apPm-lnZv kwL-S-\-I kzoI-cn-Xv. {]kvXpX KqUm-tem-N-\sb R in-bpw hnain-n-pv. aWn-Iv^m "kl' Fs-gp-Xn-b-Xns\ Zpl Fv sXmbn
A-Snv AXns\ hnainv teJ-\--sf-gp-Xnb ]mc-cyw i_m-_np-v. Apw sXv Nqn-m-Wn-nv Xncpv sImSp-m i_m_v
Xm-dm-bncpn--. Ctmgpw AtX X{w XpS-c-p.
Kth-j-W-ns `mK-am-b Kth-j-W-ns ^e-am-bmWv lnPvd
Ie- Xm-dm-n-b-Xv Fv akq-den a\-n-em--Ww. Ie-dns\pdn hnai-\--sfmw Ah-K-Wnv ssZhn-I-sav hnti-jnn-p--Xnse A]-I-Shpw {]am-W-sf adn-I-S-p Hcp {]mtbm-KnI-Xbpw ssZhn-I-amb Ckveman Cs bmYmyhpw ]e-tmgpw
Cu kwL-S-\-bpsS {]h-I ]cn-K-Wn-n-cp-n-' F akq-d-enbpsS ]cm-aiw ip-amb Akw-_--am-Wv. ImcWw (1) Ie--dns\-p-dnv Imcy-amb Hcp hnai-\hpw apPm-lnZp kwL-S-\-I Cphsc D-bn-n-n-. adnp Ie- \yqaq ASn-m-\-nse Dmp-hm Ign-bp-I-bpq Fpw, Ie- Bhmw ]s t\mpw
s]cp-mfpw lnem Iv Fp-amWv CXp-hsc hnai\ ]WvUnXam ]d-n-p-X
- v. lnPvd Ie ssZh Iev]n-Xa
- m-sWv hntijn-n-p-X
- n Fv A]-IS- a
- m-Wp-s
- Xv akq-den ]d-bW
- w. {]amW-sf adn-I-S-pp' Fv Atlw Fgp-Xp-p. GXp {]am-Ww.
lnPvd Ie- Ckvemanse auenI {]am-Wa
- mb hn.-Jp-B\
- nse 9.36,
2:189, 10:5, 55:5, 17:12, 36:39 XpS-nb hN-\-fpsS ASn-m-\-nemWv Xm-dm-n-bn-p-X
- v. Cu Bb-p-I FmWp ]d-bp-s
- Xv
akq-den -]-Tn--Ww. Hcp Ie- Fp ]d-m AXv Pohn-Xnv D]-bp--am-h-Ww. aX-]-c-am-b-tXm, `uXn-Itam Bb Hcp Imcynpw D]-Im-c-s-Sm Ipsd A- {InkvXy Ie--dns
ASn-bn sNdnb hSn-hn tcJ-s-Spn AXns\ Ckvemans
t]cn ]cn- N - b - s - S p- p- - X mWv bYm-- n A]- I - S - I - c w.
AXmWv {]am-W-sf adn-I-S-p--Xv.

\yqaq-Wns\ Hmlcn shpp


15 hjw apv Ad^ shn-bm-gvN-bm-sWv aWn-Iv^m Fgp14

Xn-bX
- mWv Ad^ shn-bm-gvNb
- mWv F-Xn\v Hm-as sXfn-hmbn
aue-hn-am lmP-dm-n-bn-cn-p--Xv. amk-n-dhn \n-bn-pXn
apkvenwIv henb A_w ]nW-n-p-spw 29mw XnXn
kqcym-kvX-a-b-tijw lnem ImWpI kmy-a-spw lnem-ens\
t\mm-\ lnem-ep-Isf AYhm N{s ImWm km[n-p Fm
Ie-Ifpw \nco-Ww \S-n-bmWv \_n(-k)-bpsS Imev XnXn
\n-bn--sXpw AXv IW-p-Iq-m Adn-bm-Xn-cp-Xv sImmsWpw IW-p-Iq-m ]Tn-m Ie-I t\mt--Xn-spw
IWv kzoIm-cy-am-sWpw Jp-B-\n-sbpw kp-n-sbpw {]IrXn-]-T-\--fp-sSbpw ASn-m-\-n apkvenw kap-Zm-bs t_m[h-XvI-c-Ww \S-m \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ GXp Znh-k-n-em-bncpp Fv Kth-jWw \S-t--Xn-. ]c-cmK-X-ambn hniz-kn-ph--Xv teJ-\--fn Fgp-Xn-m-Wpw. Fm \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^
shn-bm-gvNb
- m-bn-cp-p-shpw AXv 29-mw XnbXn aKvcn_nv lnem
ImWp--Xn-p sXfn-hm-sWv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNp-tm AXns\
Ipdnp ]Tn-t-n-h-cp-p. Ans\ ]Tn-p-h-cp-tm a\-n-em-hpp. \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp Fv. tIc-f-nse
PwC-
- p Dea {]mhn-Ia
- m-n-bX
- p-t]mse kqcym-kvXa
- b
-
- n\v
apv N{ AkvX-an-m ASp Znhkw 30. kqcym-kvX-a-b-n\v
tijw N{-\-kvX-an-m ASp Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn F XXzw
JWvUn-m thn aZo-\-bn kqcym-kvXab tijw N{-e {]Xy-am-hp-n-, \yqaq kw`-hn-p-tm AhnsS Acm{Xn-bmWv
Fp Rm Fgp-Xn-b-Xns\ \yqaq-Wns {]mtZ-inI ka-bw ]dp
Fp ]d-p Xt-Xn-. \yqaq kabw {]mtZ-inI ka-b-n
]d-bp-Xv Aim-kv{Xobw XsbmWv. Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-hp-tm
Ctm \S-n-h-cp lnem Zi\w ]m _nZv-A-mWv Fpw
a-bn ^Pvdns apmbn \yqaq Dm-bm ASp Znhkw
Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-sW-p-ap lnPvd In-n-bpsS BZiw 100% icnbm-sWpw sXfn-bp-p. CXv m]n-m-\mWv Rm sI.-sP.-bp.-hnizm-k-{]-Im-c-ap lnem-ens P\\w hni-Zo-I-cn--Xv. Zphym-Jym\w
sNbvXv am\w Imm {ian-p-tm Ccw A_-- kzm`mhn-Ia
- m-Wv.
akq-den kmln_v Fgp-Xp-p. ""BtKmf kabw Hcp Rmb-dmgvN
23.50 \v \yqaq kw`-hn-p-p-sh-v Icp-Xp-I. kzm`m-hn-Ia
- mbpw lnPvd
In-n-bpsS hmZ-a-\p-k-cnv Xn-fmgvN temI-sa-mSpw Hmw XnXn-bmhpw. Fm Rmb-dmgvN Hcp kq-cy-{K-lWw IqSn kw`-hn-pp-shv shp-I. \yqaqWpw kqcy-{K-l-Whpw Hp Xs-bm-W-tm.
Rmb-dmgvN 23.50 FXv shn-MvS-Wn {]mtZ-inI kabw Xn-fmgvN
Dv 11.50 mWv. Hmw Xnb-Xn-bn-tev {]th-inv F-{Xtbm aWnq-dp-I Ign-mWv AtX Hmw XnXnbpsS Bcw-`-am-\-Z-WvUamb \yqaq Ah-\p-`-hs-Xv. C{]-Imcw amk-sf ]ntmp
15

Ip-h-cp--Xv.'' Fv akq-den sNmSv hnain-n-cn-p-p. ]qWambpw sXmb Hcp ]cm-ai-am-Wn-Xv. P.-A-en-a-Wn-Iv^m BtcmSpw
Gp-ap-m t]mbn-n-. At-l-n\v ]d-bm-\p-Xv Atlw ]WvUnXam-scbpw km[m-c-W-m-tcbpw Hcp-t]mse t\cn Ip ]d-bp-Ibm-Wpm-b-Xv. \n`m-Ky-h-im tIc-f-nse ]WvUn-X-k`Isfmpw
\thm-m-\-ns IpI Ah-Im-i-s-Sp--h-c-Sw Atlw ]dbp-Xv tIp-Itbm N sNp-Itbm Dm-bn-n-. t\cnv hmZ{]-Xnhm-Z-n-mWv Wn--Xv. AXn-ep--]cn-bmbn lnPvd In-n-bpS
ho-Ws hnI-e-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cnv AXnv adp-]Sn ]dv P\sf hgn-sX-n-p \ne-]m-SmWv apPm-lnZv kwL-S-\-I kzoI-cn-Xv. {]kvXpX KqUm-tem-N-\sb R in-bpw hnain-n-pv. aWn-Iv^m "kl' Fs-gp-Xn-b-Xns\ Zpl Fv sXmbn
A-Snv AXns\ hnainv teJ-\--sf-gp-Xnb ]mc-cyw i_m-_np-v. Apw sXv Nqn-m-Wn-nv Xncpv sImSp-m i_m_v
Xm-dm-bncpn--. Ctmgpw AtX X{w XpS-c-p.
Kth-j-W-ns `mK-am-b Kth-j-W-ns ^e-am-bmWv lnPvd
Ie- Xm-dm-n-b-Xv Fv akq-den a\-n-em--Ww. Ie-dns\pdn hnai-\--sfmw Ah-K-Wnv ssZhn-I-sav hnti-jnn-p--Xnse A]-I-Shpw {]am-W-sf adn-I-S-p Hcp {]mtbm-KnI-Xbpw ssZhn-I-amb Ckveman Cs bmYmyhpw ]e-tmgpw
Cu kwL-S-\-bpsS {]h-I ]cn-K-Wn-n-cp-n-' F akq-d-enbpsS ]cm-aiw ip-amb Akw-_--am-Wv. ImcWw (1) Ie--dns\-p-dnv Imcy-amb Hcp hnai-\hpw apPm-lnZp kwL-S-\-I Cphsc D-bn-n-n-. adnp Ie- \yqaq ASn-m-\-nse Dmp-hm Ign-bp-I-bpq Fpw, Ie- Bhmw ]s t\mpw
s]cp-mfpw lnem Iv Fp-amWv CXp-hsc hnai\ ]WvUnXam ]d-n-p-X
- v. lnPvd Ie ssZh Iev]n-Xa
- m-sWv hntijn-n-p-X
- n Fv A]-IS- a
- m-Wp-s
- Xv akq-den ]d-bW
- w. {]amW-sf adn-I-S-pp' Fv Atlw Fgp-Xp-p. GXp {]am-Ww.
lnPvd Ie- Ckvemanse auenI {]am-Wa
- mb hn.-Jp-B\
- nse 9.36,
2:189, 10:5, 55:5, 17:12, 36:39 XpS-nb hN-\-fpsS ASn-m-\-nemWv Xm-dm-n-bn-p-X
- v. Cu Bb-p-I FmWp ]d-bp-s
- Xv
akq-den -]-Tn--Ww. Hcp Ie- Fp ]d-m AXv Pohn-Xnv D]-bp--am-h-Ww. aX-]-c-am-b-tXm, `uXn-Itam Bb Hcp Imcynpw D]-Im-c-s-Sm Ipsd A- {InkvXy Ie--dns
ASn-bn sNdnb hSn-hn tcJ-s-Spn AXns\ Ckvemans
t]cn ]cn- N - b - s - S p- p- - X mWv bYm-- n A]- I - S - I - c w.
AXmWv {]am-W-sf adn-I-S-p--Xv.

\yqaq-Wns\ Hmlcn shpp


15 hjw apv Ad^ shn-bm-gvN-bm-sWv aWn-Iv^m Fgp14

Xn-bX
- mWv Ad^ shn-bm-gvNb
- mWv F-Xn\v Hm-as sXfn-hmbn
aue-hn-am lmP-dm-n-bn-cn-p--Xv. amk-n-dhn \n-bn-pXn
apkvenwIv henb A_w ]nW-n-p-spw 29mw XnXn
kqcym-kvX-a-b-tijw lnem ImWpI kmy-a-spw lnem-ens\
t\mm-\ lnem-ep-Isf AYhm N{s ImWm km[n-p Fm
Ie-Ifpw \nco-Ww \S-n-bmWv \_n(-k)-bpsS Imev XnXn
\n-bn--sXpw AXv IW-p-Iq-m Adn-bm-Xn-cp-Xv sImmsWpw IW-p-Iq-m ]Tn-m Ie-I t\mt--Xn-spw
IWv kzoIm-cy-am-sWpw Jp-B-\n-sbpw kp-n-sbpw {]IrXn-]-T-\--fp-sSbpw ASn-m-\-n apkvenw kap-Zm-bs t_m[h-XvI-c-Ww \S-m \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ GXp Znh-k-n-em-bncpp Fv Kth-jWw \S-t--Xn-. ]c-cmK-X-ambn hniz-kn-ph--Xv teJ-\--fn Fgp-Xn-m-Wpw. Fm \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^
shn-bm-gvNb
- m-bn-cp-p-shpw AXv 29-mw XnbXn aKvcn_nv lnem
ImWp--Xn-p sXfn-hm-sWv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNp-tm AXns\
Ipdnp ]Tn-t-n-h-cp-p. Ans\ ]Tn-p-h-cp-tm a\-n-em-hpp. \_n(-k)-bpsS Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-bn-cpp Fv. tIc-f-nse
PwC-
- p Dea {]mhn-Ia
- m-n-bX
- p-t]mse kqcym-kvXa
- b
-
- n\v
apv N{ AkvX-an-m ASp Znhkw 30. kqcym-kvX-a-b-n\v
tijw N{-\-kvX-an-m ASp Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn F XXzw
JWvUn-m thn aZo-\-bn kqcym-kvXab tijw N{-e {]Xy-am-hp-n-, \yqaq kw`-hn-p-tm AhnsS Acm{Xn-bmWv
Fp Rm Fgp-Xn-b-Xns\ \yqaq-Wns {]mtZ-inI ka-bw ]dp
Fp ]d-p Xt-Xn-. \yqaq kabw {]mtZ-inI ka-b-n
]d-bp-Xv Aim-kv{Xobw XsbmWv. Ad^ hymgm-gvN-bm-hp-tm
Ctm \S-n-h-cp lnem Zi\w ]m _nZv-A-mWv Fpw
a-bn ^Pvdns apmbn \yqaq Dm-bm ASp Znhkw
Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-sW-p-ap lnPvd In-n-bpsS BZiw 100% icnbm-sWpw sXfn-bp-p. CXv m]n-m-\mWv Rm sI.-sP.-bp.-hnizm-k-{]-Im-c-ap lnem-ens P\\w hni-Zo-I-cn--Xv. Zphym-Jym\w
sNbvXv am\w Imm {ian-p-tm Ccw A_-- kzm`mhn-Ia
- m-Wv.
akq-den kmln_v Fgp-Xp-p. ""BtKmf kabw Hcp Rmb-dmgvN
23.50 \v \yqaq kw`-hn-p-p-sh-v Icp-Xp-I. kzm`m-hn-Ia
- mbpw lnPvd
In-n-bpsS hmZ-a-\p-k-cnv Xn-fmgvN temI-sa-mSpw Hmw XnXn-bmhpw. Fm Rmb-dmgvN Hcp kq-cy-{K-lWw IqSn kw`-hn-pp-shv shp-I. \yqaqWpw kqcy-{K-l-Whpw Hp Xs-bm-W-tm.
Rmb-dmgvN 23.50 FXv shn-MvS-Wn {]mtZ-inI kabw Xn-fmgvN
Dv 11.50 mWv. Hmw Xnb-Xn-bn-tev {]th-inv F-{Xtbm aWnq-dp-I Ign-mWv AtX Hmw XnXnbpsS Bcw-`-am-\-Z-WvUamb \yqaq Ah-\p-`-hs-Xv. C{]-Imcw amk-sf ]ntmp
15

amm Fv sXfn-hmWv aX-n-ep-Xv''

im^nCu(d) Fp-]-d-bp-p.
`qan-im-kv{X-hpw, tKmf-im-kv{Xhpw \mhn-tK-j\pw apw ]Tn
]WvUn-X-m N sNt-p hnj-b-am-Wn-Xv. Hcp JWvUnI
sImv hni-Zo-I-cn-m Ign-bn-. Bb-Xn-\m IqSp-X ]Tn-m
B{K-ln-p--hv lnPvd In-n-bp-ambn _-s-Sp-I. aX-]-c-amb
CXns hn[n Camw im^nCu(-d)-kw-i-bn-n-S-bn-m hn[w hniZo-I-cn-n-p-v.

a j ``fCG Yj fC dG gCG Y OQ ah
~``dG ``bh a```dG V``a ~bh IQcG bhCG
gCG b Y ~YG e H VYGh e dGh
V``G `b a~`d adG ``UCG ~fGh dG
GHUa
tKmf-im-kv{X-am ta ]d--Xp-t]m-ep ka-b--fn
amk-n-dhn Bbn-o-cp-Ib
- n-sp hmZn-n-cp-p. Fm CuZpw {KlW-fpw Hcp-an-p-m-Ip-sav Camw im^n-Cu(-d) Dd-np ]d-p.
Atm imkv{Xm-h-ew-_n-I-fm-bn-cp--h AXns\ FXn-tm
im^nCu(d)-bpsS injyam AXns\ JWvUn-p-Ibpw A{]-Imcw
kw`-hn-Xv nco-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' (^--lp _mcn hmfyw:
3, t]Pv: 634).
Hcp s]cp-m-fns \yqaq-WmWv 23.50 v Dm-b-sX-n AhnsS
{KlWw kw`-hn-p-tm shnw-KvSW
- n CuZvKmlv \S-n-bn-cn-pw.
AXv icn-bm-sWv Camw im^nCu(-d)-]-d-bp-Xv GXp \qm-n-emsWv Hm-Ww. Zn\-am--tcJ nXn sNp {]kvXpX {]tZ-iv
]Sn-m-dns \nbaw Ing-nv _m[-I-a-spw Camw im^nCu(-d)hy-a
- m-n-bn-p-.v aKvcn_n\v lnem ImW-Ws
- a hmZ-n\pw \yqaqWnv Ckveman Fv {]kn Fv tNmZn-p--hpw IqSnbp adp-]-Sn-bmWv Camw im^nCubpsS ^Xvh. \yqaq-Wns sXfnhm-bm-W-tm Ad^ sImp-h--Xv. BZyw Ad^ Hp-IqSn ]cn-tim[nmw: tijw \yqaq-Wpw.

Ad^ hymgmgvN Xs
ChnsS cp-Xcw {]tbm-K- lZo-kn hn-p-v. Da(-d)-hn
\nv Xs cv dntmpw Dm-bn-p-v. buap PpapA Fpw
16

ssee-p PpapA Fpw. CXv cpw Hm-sW-mWv auehnam


]d-bp--Xv. ""buap PpapA' Fm shn-bmgvN: "buap PwC'
Fp ]d-m Bfp-I Hcp-anp IqSnb Zn\w. kqd iwknse
"buap PwC' ]c-tem-Iv Hcp-anp IqSp--Xns\ kw_-n--XmWv. kqd Jnbm-a-bn 79 Bb-p-Ifn N{\v {KlWw kw`hn-pIbpw kqcy\pw N{\pw Hcp-anp Iq--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm(-PqanAwkv hJ-a) Fp {]tbm-Kn-Xpw ImWmw. ssee-p
PpapA Fm shn-bm-gvN-cm-hv. "Cuhv' Fv Cwojn ]d-bpp. Ieym-W-cm-hv, s]cp-m cmhv, shn-bmgvN cmhv. AtX t]mse
shn-bmgvN cm{Xn Fp ]d-bp-Xv shn ]I Ignp hcp
cm{Xn-sb-bm-Wv. Fm ssee-p PpapA FXnv shn-bmgvN
Znhkw Fm-Wv aue-hn-am AYw \Ip-Xv. CsXm-c-\Y-am-Wv.
Hmtcm k`w hcp-tm Hmtcm Xcw AYw ]d-b-cp-Xv. "sseep JZ' H cm{Xn-I-fn-emWv. DZm-l-c-W-n\v da-Zm 27 ]I-enp
app cm{Xntbm tij-ap cm{Xntbm 27-mw cmhv? ]I-enp tijap cm{Xn-bm-sW-n 29mw cmhv Fm-bn-cn-pw. s]cp-m-fns
app cm{Xnsbm ? t\mns cmhp-I t\mns apn-ep cm{Xnbm-Wv. t\mv Ign-p cm{Xn-b. 30mw t\mv Ign-p cm{Xn.
""ssee-p CuZv'' BWv. A_vZp laoZv aZo-\n-bpsS \yqaqWpw
amk-n-dhnbpw F ]pkvX-I-n (t]Pv 129) Bbn-im(-d)-bn
\np Hcp lZokv D-cn-n-p-v. A_q-_-(-d)-tcmK i-bn
shv Bbn-i(-d)-bp-ambn \S-nb kw`m-j-Wam-Wv. \_n(-k)-h-^mmb Xn-fmgvN Xs X\npw ac-W-s-S-W-sa B{Klw A_q_-(-d)-{]-I-Sn-n-p-p. tijw Bbn-i(-d)-]-d-bp--Xv. ""Xn-fmgvN
sshIn kno- J v ( - d )- h - ^ m- X m- b n. Ap cm{Xn sNmm- g v N - b psS
kp_vlnp apmbn I_-d-Sn'' FmWv. ChnsS sNmm-hvN-cmhv
F AY-n (sse-ep kem-k) FmWv ]d-bp--Xv. aZo\n
lZo-kns\ Cns\ ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-p-p. As\ At-lw(-Xn-fmgvN sshIp-t-cw) sNmmgvN cm{Xn ac-W-s-Sp-Ibpw kp_vlns
apv At-ls J_ AS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.(-_p-Jm-cn). ""Xn-fmgvN
AkvXa
- n cm{Xn-mWv Bbn-i(-d)-sNm-mgvN cm{Xn Fp hy-ambn
]d--Xv.''(-t]Pv: 130). Ckveman Zn\w Bcw-`n-p-Xv ^P
apXmWv F-Xns IqSn sXfn-hmWv ta kw`-hw.
hfsc hy-amWv aZo\n ]d--Xv. Xn-fmgvN AkvX-an cm{XnmWv sNmmgvNcmhv Fp ]d-bp-X
- v. hymgmgvN AkvXa
- n cm{Xnv
shn-bmgvN cmhv Fpw ]d-bp-p. _pJm-cn-bn [mcm-f-ambn Dcn lZokv ssee-p Ppap-A(-sh-n-bmgvN cmhv) Fm-Wv. C_v\p
Am-kv(d
- )-]d
-
n-p-Xv _en-s]-cp-m shn-bmgvNbmWv FmWv. AXm-bXv Ad^ hymgm-gvN. Da(-d)-bn \npw dntmv sNbvX
[mcmfw lZo-kp-I-fn ssee-p PpapA Fm-Wp--Xv. buap
PpapA F Da(-d)s -l-Zo-kns\ Cu kml-N-cy-n ]cn-K-Wn17

amm Fv sXfn-hmWv aX-n-ep-Xv''

im^nCu(d) Fp-]-d-bp-p.
`qan-im-kv{X-hpw, tKmf-im-kv{Xhpw \mhn-tK-j\pw apw ]Tn
]WvUn-X-m N sNt-p hnj-b-am-Wn-Xv. Hcp JWvUnI
sImv hni-Zo-I-cn-m Ign-bn-. Bb-Xn-\m IqSp-X ]Tn-m
B{K-ln-p--hv lnPvd In-n-bp-ambn _-s-Sp-I. aX-]-c-amb
CXns hn[n Camw im^nCu(-d)-kw-i-bn-n-S-bn-m hn[w hniZo-I-cn-n-p-v.

a j ``fCG Yj fC dG gCG Y OQ ah
~``dG ``bh a```dG V``a ~bh IQcG bhCG
gCG b Y ~YG e H VYGh e dGh
V``G `b a~`d adG ``UCG ~fGh dG
GHUa
tKmf-im-kv{X-am ta ]d--Xp-t]m-ep ka-b--fn
amk-n-dhn Bbn-o-cp-Ib
- n-sp hmZn-n-cp-p. Fm CuZpw {KlW-fpw Hcp-an-p-m-Ip-sav Camw im^n-Cu(-d) Dd-np ]d-p.
Atm imkv{Xm-h-ew-_n-I-fm-bn-cp--h AXns\ FXn-tm
im^nCu(d)-bpsS injyam AXns\ JWvUn-p-Ibpw A{]-Imcw
kw`-hn-Xv nco-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' (^--lp _mcn hmfyw:
3, t]Pv: 634).
Hcp s]cp-m-fns \yqaq-WmWv 23.50 v Dm-b-sX-n AhnsS
{KlWw kw`-hn-p-tm shnw-KvSW
- n CuZvKmlv \S-n-bn-cn-pw.
AXv icn-bm-sWv Camw im^nCu(-d)-]-d-bp-Xv GXp \qm-n-emsWv Hm-Ww. Zn\-am--tcJ nXn sNp {]kvXpX {]tZ-iv
]Sn-m-dns \nbaw Ing-nv _m[-I-a-spw Camw im^nCu(-d)hy-a
- m-n-bn-p-.v aKvcn_n\v lnem ImW-Ws
- a hmZ-n\pw \yqaqWnv Ckveman Fv {]kn Fv tNmZn-p--hpw IqSnbp adp-]-Sn-bmWv Camw im^nCubpsS ^Xvh. \yqaq-Wns sXfnhm-bm-W-tm Ad^ sImp-h--Xv. BZyw Ad^ Hp-IqSn ]cn-tim[nmw: tijw \yqaq-Wpw.

Ad^ hymgmgvN Xs
ChnsS cp-Xcw {]tbm-K- lZo-kn hn-p-v. Da(-d)-hn
\nv Xs cv dntmpw Dm-bn-p-v. buap PpapA Fpw
16

ssee-p PpapA Fpw. CXv cpw Hm-sW-mWv auehnam


]d-bp--Xv. ""buap PpapA' Fm shn-bmgvN: "buap PwC'
Fp ]d-m Bfp-I Hcp-anp IqSnb Zn\w. kqd iwknse
"buap PwC' ]c-tem-Iv Hcp-anp IqSp--Xns\ kw_-n--XmWv. kqd Jnbm-a-bn 79 Bb-p-Ifn N{\v {KlWw kw`hn-pIbpw kqcy\pw N{\pw Hcp-anp Iq--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm(-PqanAwkv hJ-a) Fp {]tbm-Kn-Xpw ImWmw. ssee-p
PpapA Fm shn-bm-gvN-cm-hv. "Cuhv' Fv Cwojn ]d-bpp. Ieym-W-cm-hv, s]cp-m cmhv, shn-bmgvN cmhv. AtX t]mse
shn-bmgvN cm{Xn Fp ]d-bp-Xv shn ]I Ignp hcp
cm{Xn-sb-bm-Wv. Fm ssee-p PpapA FXnv shn-bmgvN
Znhkw Fm-Wv aue-hn-am AYw \Ip-Xv. CsXm-c-\Y-am-Wv.
Hmtcm k`w hcp-tm Hmtcm Xcw AYw ]d-b-cp-Xv. "sseep JZ' H cm{Xn-I-fn-emWv. DZm-l-c-W-n\v da-Zm 27 ]I-enp
app cm{Xntbm tij-ap cm{Xntbm 27-mw cmhv? ]I-enp tijap cm{Xn-bm-sW-n 29mw cmhv Fm-bn-cn-pw. s]cp-m-fns
app cm{Xnsbm ? t\mns cmhp-I t\mns apn-ep cm{Xnbm-Wv. t\mv Ign-p cm{Xn-b. 30mw t\mv Ign-p cm{Xn.
""ssee-p CuZv'' BWv. A_vZp laoZv aZo-\n-bpsS \yqaqWpw
amk-n-dhnbpw F ]pkvX-I-n (t]Pv 129) Bbn-im(-d)-bn
\np Hcp lZokv D-cn-n-p-v. A_q-_-(-d)-tcmK i-bn
shv Bbn-i(-d)-bp-ambn \S-nb kw`m-j-Wam-Wv. \_n(-k)-h-^mmb Xn-fmgvN Xs X\npw ac-W-s-S-W-sa B{Klw A_q_-(-d)-{]-I-Sn-n-p-p. tijw Bbn-i(-d)-]-d-bp--Xv. ""Xn-fmgvN
sshIn kno- J v ( - d )- h - ^ m- X m- b n. Ap cm{Xn sNmm- g v N - b psS
kp_vlnp apmbn I_-d-Sn'' FmWv. ChnsS sNmm-hvN-cmhv
F AY-n (sse-ep kem-k) FmWv ]d-bp--Xv. aZo\n
lZo-kns\ Cns\ ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-p-p. As\ At-lw(-Xn-fmgvN sshIp-t-cw) sNmmgvN cm{Xn ac-W-s-Sp-Ibpw kp_vlns
apv At-ls J_ AS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.(-_p-Jm-cn). ""Xn-fmgvN
AkvXa
- n cm{Xn-mWv Bbn-i(-d)-sNm-mgvN cm{Xn Fp hy-ambn
]d--Xv.''(-t]Pv: 130). Ckveman Zn\w Bcw-`n-p-Xv ^P
apXmWv F-Xns IqSn sXfn-hmWv ta kw`-hw.
hfsc hy-amWv aZo\n ]d--Xv. Xn-fmgvN AkvX-an cm{XnmWv sNmmgvNcmhv Fp ]d-bp-X
- v. hymgmgvN AkvXa
- n cm{Xnv
shn-bmgvN cmhv Fpw ]d-bp-p. _pJm-cn-bn [mcm-f-ambn Dcn lZokv ssee-p Ppap-A(-sh-n-bmgvN cmhv) Fm-Wv. C_v\p
Am-kv(d
- )-]d
-
n-p-Xv _en-s]-cp-m shn-bmgvNbmWv FmWv. AXm-bXv Ad^ hymgm-gvN. Da(-d)-bn \npw dntmv sNbvX
[mcmfw lZo-kp-I-fn ssee-p PpapA Fm-Wp--Xv. buap
PpapA F Da(-d)s -l-Zo-kns\ Cu kml-N-cy-n ]cn-K-Wn17

p-tm ""Bfp-I kt-fn Ad-^m-Zn\w'' Fp a\-n-em-p-Xm-Wv bp-`-{Zw. hymgm-gvN-bpsS {]m[m\yw Dsm-msX cmPmam Ncn{Xw amn shn-bm-gvN-sbv Xncpn Fgp-Xp-Ibpw
AXn\v tijw P\n ]WvUn-Xam Da(-d)-hns lZokv shnbmgvN Fv AYw \In-b-Xmbpw am{Xta a\-n-em-m Ign-bp-Ibp-q.
\_n(-k)-bpsS P-Zn-\hpw C-c-n amw h-Xm-Wv. \_n(k)-P-\n Znhkw Hcp N{{K-l-W-ap-m-b-Xmbpw Av ]uWan
Bbn-cp-spw Ncn-{X-n-ep-v. _Z-dp lpZm auen-Zn-ep-X
- v. AXmbXv \_n(-k)-P-\n-Xv d.-A- 14 Xn-fmgvN {]`m-X-n-em-bn-cp-p.
lnPvd hjm-cw-`-amb 1.1.1 Dw Ad-^bpw apw sXn-b-Xp-t]mse \_nZn-\hpw sXn-bn-p-v. \yqaq ASn-m-\-n IWp Iqn-bm
BH.56 d.-A
- 14 Xn-fmgvN Bbn-cpp \_n(-k)-`q-Pm-X\
- m-bX
- v FXv
nc-s-Sp--Xm-Wv. ]WvUn-Xampw sXp-]-p-sav aZo\n Xs
Fgp-Xn-bn-p-t-- m. AX shn-bmgvN Ad^ Bh-W-sa-n aZo\n-bpsS hnizm-k-{]-Imcw ZpJ-AZv 29 \v amkw ImW-W-a-tm. amkw
I-Xmbn sXfn-hn-. Ds-n B {]amWw D-cn--s. 30 ]qnbm-n-bm Ad^ i\n-bm-gvN-bm-h-Ww. AXmcpw AwKo-I-cn-p-n-.
AXn-\m \apv Dd-n-p-]-dbmw buap-A-d^ hymgm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-p.
"Abu-a AIvap e
- pw' F BbXv Ad^ Zn\-n sshIomWv Ah-X-cn--Xv. Ans\ hcp-tm Xo-bmbpw \yqaq-Wns
]ns-Zn-hkw Zpln Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-bn-cp-p. \yqaq-Wns IWv
Am-ev Amlp shfn-s-Sp-n-bn-n- ]ns Fs\ amk-ndhn \n-bn--Xv \yqaq-Wns ASn-m-\-n-em-sWv ]d-bm-\m-hpw
Fsmcp kwibw Dm-hmw. \_n(-k)-Po-hnXw Fn-s\-bm-bn-cpp
F kwi-b-n\v Bbn-i(-d)-]-d-p. ""\_n(-k)-bpsS PohnXw JpB-\m-bn-cp-p'' Fv. Jp-B \_n(-k)-bn-eqsS Am-lp(-kp)-A-hX-cn-n-p. AXv Acw {]Xn IWn-i-ambn ]menp--h-cmWv
apkvenwI. Jp-B-\n-s-Xn-cmbn \_n(-k)-{]-hnp Fv Nnnp--Xp-t]mepw ]m]-am-Wv.
Atm lns XnbXn \n-bn-p--Xn Jp-B Fp
]d-bpp Fv ]cn-tim-[n-W
- w. AXn-\
- p-kc
- nv lZo-kp-I hymJym\n--Ww. Jp-B 2:189 ]d-p. ""N-{--e-I (A-ln-) a\pjyv s]mXp Bh-iy-pw lns Imew \n-bn-p-Xnpw Xnb-Xn-I ImWn-pp'' Fv. N{--e-I Hp-ap-X
Fn 8mw Znhkw "buap-hnb' 9mw Znhkw buap Ad^ 10mw
Znhkw "buap--l' 11, 12, 13 "Amap-ivcoJv' 14, 15, 16 "Am-ap
_ofv.(-A-m-ap _ofv t\mns Ime-am-Wv. Am-ap-ivcoJv s]cpm-fn-s-bpw). XivcoJpw, _ofpw ]c-kv]cw Iqn-tm ]mSn-.
18

AXv Jp-B ]mT-np hncp--am-Wv. Jp-B-\nI \nb-aw, imkv{Xob-am-Wv, {]Ir-Xn-Z--am-Wv. CXv {]hm-N-I-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-ew-Lnp
FmWv aue-hn-am sXfn-bn-m hn^-e-{iaw \Sn t\mn-b-Xv
(\DuZp _n) R-fXp hniz-kn-p-n. ImcWw {]hm-NI PohnXw
Jp-B-\n-I-am-Wv. Hcn-epw N{--e-I ImWnp Xcp XnbXn
sXnv \_n(-k)-lv \S-p-Ib
- n-. \_n(-k)-bpsS lv hymgmgvN
Xs-bm-bn-cp-p.

\yqaq-Wn\v Ckveman m\-aptm?


\yqaq Ie- hmZ-ns \s-sm-Sn-p-In-S-p-sa Hcp
hmNIw aue-hn-amv Fns\ Fgp-Xm km[n-p FmWv
Ap-X-s-Sp-p--Xv. Hcp Ie- Dm--W-sa-n AXnse
Znh- k - , amk- - f psS XpSw XpS- n- b - h - b psS lnkm_v(Calculation)\-S- \n_--am-Wv. lnkm_v \yqaq ASnm-\-nse Ign-bq Fv lnPvd In-n-bp-ambn kwhmZw \Snb Ckv e mlo ]Wv U n- X am Xs k- X n- n- p- v .
t\mnpw s]cp-m-fnpw IWv ]n-, ImgvN thWw Ft
Ah ]d-n-p-q. \yqaq Ie- AmsX ImgvN-bpsS Ie Dm-m Ign-bn-sv i_m-_v--kp--ap-emw Ie-
Xs sXfn-hs? \n-fpsS Ie--dp-I-fnse Xnb-Xnbpw Bcm[\m\pjvTm-\- \S-pXpw Xn bmsXmcp _-hp-an-tm. aue-hn-amv Ign-bp-sa-n Hcp ImgvN Ie- Xm-dmn
Ah-XcnnWw. \n-Xn\v Ign-bn-. \yqaq-Wns\ kw_n aue-hn-am-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-fpw bmYm hkvXp-X-Ifpw
Xmsg hnh-cn-mw. ImcWw N{-am-k-ns mnwKv t]mb v
BWv hnj-b-aaw Fv Ah hy-am-n-bn-p-v. AXmWv
kXyw. Ad-^-bpsS Znhkw N-bm-hp-Xv hnj-b- aa-n-p
sXfn-hm-bn-m-Wtm?
1. Akvt{Sm-W-an- \yqaqtWm {Ik v \yqaqtWm?
\yqaq-Wn\v Cns\ Hcp hn`-P\w icn-b-. cp \yqaqWpw
Hp Xs-bm-Wv. N{ Hcp amkw sImv `qansb Hcp {]mhiyw
hew-sh-bvp-p. kqcy\pw `qanbvpw CS-bn N{ Hcp t\tcJ-bn Fp-tm-gmWv kqcy-{K-l-Ww, \yqaq, IN-
Fsmw ]d-bp {]Xn-`mkw \S-p--Xv. \yqaq-Wn\v apv kqcy{]-Imiw N{s Ing-p-h-i-p Xp--Xn-\m AXns cw
]Sn-m-tdmv ey-an-Spp. \yqaq \Sp Ign-m kqcy{]-Imiw N{s ]Sn-mdphiv Xp--Xn-\m AXns
cw Ing-tmp ey-an-Sp-p. Cs\ {Ikns cq]w \yqtam19

p-tm ""Bfp-I kt-fn Ad-^m-Zn\w'' Fp a\-n-em-p-Xm-Wv bp-`-{Zw. hymgm-gvN-bpsS {]m[m\yw Dsm-msX cmPmam Ncn{Xw amn shn-bm-gvN-sbv Xncpn Fgp-Xp-Ibpw
AXn\v tijw P\n ]WvUn-Xam Da(-d)-hns lZokv shnbmgvN Fv AYw \In-b-Xmbpw am{Xta a\-n-em-m Ign-bp-Ibp-q.
\_n(-k)-bpsS P-Zn-\hpw C-c-n amw h-Xm-Wv. \_n(k)-P-\n Znhkw Hcp N{{K-l-W-ap-m-b-Xmbpw Av ]uWan
Bbn-cp-spw Ncn-{X-n-ep-v. _Z-dp lpZm auen-Zn-ep-X
- v. AXmbXv \_n(-k)-P-\n-Xv d.-A- 14 Xn-fmgvN {]`m-X-n-em-bn-cp-p.
lnPvd hjm-cw-`-amb 1.1.1 Dw Ad-^bpw apw sXn-b-Xp-t]mse \_nZn-\hpw sXn-bn-p-v. \yqaq ASn-m-\-n IWp Iqn-bm
BH.56 d.-A
- 14 Xn-fmgvN Bbn-cpp \_n(-k)-`q-Pm-X\
- m-bX
- v FXv
nc-s-Sp--Xm-Wv. ]WvUn-Xampw sXp-]-p-sav aZo\n Xs
Fgp-Xn-bn-p-t-- m. AX shn-bmgvN Ad^ Bh-W-sa-n aZo\n-bpsS hnizm-k-{]-Imcw ZpJ-AZv 29 \v amkw ImW-W-a-tm. amkw
I-Xmbn sXfn-hn-. Ds-n B {]amWw D-cn--s. 30 ]qnbm-n-bm Ad^ i\n-bm-gvN-bm-h-Ww. AXmcpw AwKo-I-cn-p-n-.
AXn-\m \apv Dd-n-p-]-dbmw buap-A-d^ hymgm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-p.
"Abu-a AIvap e
- pw' F BbXv Ad^ Zn\-n sshIomWv Ah-X-cn--Xv. Ans\ hcp-tm Xo-bmbpw \yqaq-Wns
]ns-Zn-hkw Zpln Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-bn-cp-p. \yqaq-Wns IWv
Am-ev Amlp shfn-s-Sp-n-bn-n- ]ns Fs\ amk-ndhn \n-bn--Xv \yqaq-Wns ASn-m-\-n-em-sWv ]d-bm-\m-hpw
Fsmcp kwibw Dm-hmw. \_n(-k)-Po-hnXw Fn-s\-bm-bn-cpp
F kwi-b-n\v Bbn-i(-d)-]-d-p. ""\_n(-k)-bpsS PohnXw JpB-\m-bn-cp-p'' Fv. Jp-B \_n(-k)-bn-eqsS Am-lp(-kp)-A-hX-cn-n-p. AXv Acw {]Xn IWn-i-ambn ]menp--h-cmWv
apkvenwI. Jp-B-\n-s-Xn-cmbn \_n(-k)-{]-hnp Fv Nnnp--Xp-t]mepw ]m]-am-Wv.
Atm lns XnbXn \n-bn-p--Xn Jp-B Fp
]d-bpp Fv ]cn-tim-[n-W
- w. AXn-\
- p-kc
- nv lZo-kp-I hymJym\n--Ww. Jp-B 2:189 ]d-p. ""N-{--e-I (A-ln-) a\pjyv s]mXp Bh-iy-pw lns Imew \n-bn-p-Xnpw Xnb-Xn-I ImWn-pp'' Fv. N{--e-I Hp-ap-X
Fn 8mw Znhkw "buap-hnb' 9mw Znhkw buap Ad^ 10mw
Znhkw "buap--l' 11, 12, 13 "Amap-ivcoJv' 14, 15, 16 "Am-ap
_ofv.(-A-m-ap _ofv t\mns Ime-am-Wv. Am-ap-ivcoJv s]cpm-fn-s-bpw). XivcoJpw, _ofpw ]c-kv]cw Iqn-tm ]mSn-.
18

AXv Jp-B ]mT-np hncp--am-Wv. Jp-B-\nI \nb-aw, imkv{Xob-am-Wv, {]Ir-Xn-Z--am-Wv. CXv {]hm-N-I-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-ew-Lnp
FmWv aue-hn-am sXfn-bn-m hn^-e-{iaw \Sn t\mn-b-Xv
(\DuZp _n) R-fXp hniz-kn-p-n. ImcWw {]hm-NI PohnXw
Jp-B-\n-I-am-Wv. Hcn-epw N{--e-I ImWnp Xcp XnbXn
sXnv \_n(-k)-lv \S-p-Ib
- n-. \_n(-k)-bpsS lv hymgmgvN
Xs-bm-bn-cp-p.

\yqaq-Wn\v Ckveman m\-aptm?


\yqaq Ie- hmZ-ns \s-sm-Sn-p-In-S-p-sa Hcp
hmNIw aue-hn-amv Fns\ Fgp-Xm km[n-p FmWv
Ap-X-s-Sp-p--Xv. Hcp Ie- Dm--W-sa-n AXnse
Znh- k - , amk- - f psS XpSw XpS- n- b - h - b psS lnkm_v(Calculation)\-S- \n_--am-Wv. lnkm_v \yqaq ASnm-\-nse Ign-bq Fv lnPvd In-n-bp-ambn kwhmZw \Snb Ckv e mlo ]Wv U n- X am Xs k- X n- n- p- v .
t\mnpw s]cp-m-fnpw IWv ]n-, ImgvN thWw Ft
Ah ]d-n-p-q. \yqaq Ie- AmsX ImgvN-bpsS Ie Dm-m Ign-bn-sv i_m-_v--kp--ap-emw Ie-
Xs sXfn-hs? \n-fpsS Ie--dp-I-fnse Xnb-Xnbpw Bcm[\m\pjvTm-\- \S-pXpw Xn bmsXmcp _-hp-an-tm. aue-hn-amv Ign-bp-sa-n Hcp ImgvN Ie- Xm-dmn
Ah-XcnnWw. \n-Xn\v Ign-bn-. \yqaq-Wns\ kw_n aue-hn-am-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-fpw bmYm hkvXp-X-Ifpw
Xmsg hnh-cn-mw. ImcWw N{-am-k-ns mnwKv t]mb v
BWv hnj-b-aaw Fv Ah hy-am-n-bn-p-v. AXmWv
kXyw. Ad-^-bpsS Znhkw N-bm-hp-Xv hnj-b- aa-n-p
sXfn-hm-bn-m-Wtm?
1. Akvt{Sm-W-an- \yqaqtWm {Ik v \yqaqtWm?
\yqaq-Wn\v Cns\ Hcp hn`-P\w icn-b-. cp \yqaqWpw
Hp Xs-bm-Wv. N{ Hcp amkw sImv `qansb Hcp {]mhiyw
hew-sh-bvp-p. kqcy\pw `qanbvpw CS-bn N{ Hcp t\tcJ-bn Fp-tm-gmWv kqcy-{K-l-Ww, \yqaq, IN-
Fsmw ]d-bp {]Xn-`mkw \S-p--Xv. \yqaq-Wn\v apv kqcy{]-Imiw N{s Ing-p-h-i-p Xp--Xn-\m AXns cw
]Sn-m-tdmv ey-an-Spp. \yqaq \Sp Ign-m kqcy{]-Imiw N{s ]Sn-mdphiv Xp--Xn-\m AXns
cw Ing-tmp ey-an-Sp-p. Cs\ {Ikns cq]w \yqtam19

20

05.1.11 \v
k^ 1
2.7.11 \v
iA-_m-1
30.8.11 \v
im 1

16.01.10 \v
apldw 01
07.11.10 \v
Zpln-PP 01

06.23

06.58

06.44

02.33pm 06.18

02.24pm 06.54

08.34am 06.39

04.01.2011
09.03
apldw 29
01.07.2011
08.54
dP-_v-29
29.08.2011
03.04
da-fm30

06.05
10.22am 06.01

16.01.2010
\v apldw 01
07.11.10 \v
Zpln 1
sI.-sP.-bp-hn\v
ZJ-AZ 30
05.1.11 \v
k^ 1
2.7.2011
iA-_m-1
30.8.2011 \v
im 1
06.30
12.41pm 06.22

15.01.2010
7.11
apldw29
06.11.2010
04.52
ZpJ-AZ
29

lnPvd
Ie--dn
i_m_v
kp-ap-emw
Ie--dp-I-fn

lnPvd amkm-cw`w

\yqaq \yqaq tImgn- tImgn{InkvXy BtKmf Cy tmv tmSv


Ie--dnse ka-b- ka-b- kqcym- N{mXnbXn
n n kvX- kvXabw abw

tWmSp IqSn amdp-p.


\yqaqWpw N{--ebpw kw_-nv Hcp ]mSv A_--[m-c-WI aue-hn-ampv. imkv{X-]-WvUn-Xamsc kao-]nv Imcyw
]Tn-p-I am{X-amWv {]Xn-hn-[n. \yqaq-Wn\p tijw 16 aWn-q
Ignv ]Sn-md N{I-hm-f-n DZbw sNp--XmWv \h
N{ Fv A_vZp laoZv aZo\n Xs ]pkvX-I-n(-t]Pv
38) ]d-bp-Xv `oam-_--am-Wv. \yqaq kw`-hn-p--tXm-Sp-IqSn
lnemepw P\n-p-p FXmWv bmYmyw. am{X-a-, N{
]Sn-mdv DZbw sNp-n-, Ing-mWv DZn-p--Xv. ]Sn-mdv
AkvX-an-p-I-bp-am-Wv. aKvcn_v Fm Xs AkvX-an-pI,
AkvX-an-p-Xv Fs-m-amWp A-sa-p-t]mepw auehn adp-t]m-bn. kwi-b-ap-s-n 1982se ^tdmv apPm-lnZv ktf\ tkmh-\o-dn s{]m^.-sI.-A-l-Zv Ipn kmln_v Fgp-Xnb
teJ\w Hcm-hn hmbnp t\mp-I. Atlw Fgp-Xp-p.
""\yqaq kw`-hn-p--tXmsS ]pXnb amkw ]nd-p-I-bm-bn. Hcp
\yqaq-Wn-\p tijw lnem Zriy-am-Ip-hm ASp kqcym-kvXabw hsc Imn-cn--Ww.''(t]Pv 102). Hcp ev \yqaq
kw`-hn-p-tm kqcym-kvX-abw \S-p ev lnem
{]Xy- - s - S p- p. Al- Zv Ipn kmln- _ n- t \- m tKmfimkv{Xw ]Tn--h-cmtWm Ctm-gs sI.-sP.-bp-hn-ep--sXv
F\n--dn-q-Iq-Sm. Al-Zv Ipn kmln_v lnem Inn cq]oI-cn-Xp apX Atlw acn-pthmfw AXns P\-d sk{I-dn-bm-bn-cp-p Fm-W-dn-hv. IWv kzoIm-cy-am-sW-v Atlw
Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v, {]kw-Kn-n-p-v. ]s \yqaq {]mtZ-inI kab-n-tev amn--d-bp-Xv icn-b-sv R Atls Adnbn-n-cp-p-sh-nepw AtX-p-dnp ]Tn-m At-l-n\p kabw
e`n-n-.(A-mlp At-l-n\v aKv^ndpw al-apw \Ipam-dm-I-s).
imkv{Xob lnPvd Ie- Xm-dmn {]kn-o-I-cn-m Aen
aWn-Iv^m-\ns\ D]-tZ-in-Xv Al-Zv Ipn-km-ln-_m-Wv. lnPvd
Ie--dns BZy {]Xn sI.-sP.bp ap {]kn-U v alqw sI.-Da aue-hnp \In-smv ssiJv A_vZp--aZv A JmXn_v
BWp {]Im-i\w sNbvXn-p--Xv. FXpw {]kvXm-hy-am-Wv.
(i_m_v Ie-dpw \yqaq-Wns ASp Znhkw ]pXp-amkw
XpS-n-b-Xmbn tcJ-s-Sp-p-p-v. DZm-l-cWw ImWp-I(-a-\-nem-Ip--Xn\v {]mtZ-inI ka-bhpw \Inbn-cn-pp).

21

20

05.1.11 \v
k^ 1
2.7.11 \v
iA-_m-1
30.8.11 \v
im 1

16.01.10 \v
apldw 01
07.11.10 \v
Zpln-PP 01

06.23

06.58

06.44

02.33pm 06.18

02.24pm 06.54

08.34am 06.39

04.01.2011
09.03
apldw 29
01.07.2011
08.54
dP-_v-29
29.08.2011
03.04
da-fm30

06.05
10.22am 06.01

16.01.2010
\v apldw 01
07.11.10 \v
Zpln 1
sI.-sP.-bp-hn\v
ZJ-AZ 30
05.1.11 \v
k^ 1
2.7.2011
iA-_m-1
30.8.2011 \v
im 1
06.30
12.41pm 06.22

15.01.2010
7.11
apldw29
06.11.2010
04.52
ZpJ-AZ
29

lnPvd
Ie--dn
i_m_v
kp-ap-emw
Ie--dp-I-fn

lnPvd amkm-cw`w

\yqaq \yqaq tImgn- tImgn{InkvXy BtKmf Cy tmv tmSv


Ie--dnse ka-b- ka-b- kqcym- N{mXnbXn
n n kvX- kvXabw abw

tWmSp IqSn amdp-p.


\yqaqWpw N{--ebpw kw_-nv Hcp ]mSv A_--[m-c-WI aue-hn-ampv. imkv{X-]-WvUn-Xamsc kao-]nv Imcyw
]Tn-p-I am{X-amWv {]Xn-hn-[n. \yqaq-Wn\p tijw 16 aWn-q
Ignv ]Sn-md N{I-hm-f-n DZbw sNp--XmWv \h
N{ Fv A_vZp laoZv aZo\n Xs ]pkvX-I-n(-t]Pv
38) ]d-bp-Xv `oam-_--am-Wv. \yqaq kw`-hn-p--tXm-Sp-IqSn
lnemepw P\n-p-p FXmWv bmYmyw. am{X-a-, N{
]Sn-mdv DZbw sNp-n-, Ing-mWv DZn-p--Xv. ]Sn-mdv
AkvX-an-p-I-bp-am-Wv. aKvcn_v Fm Xs AkvX-an-pI,
AkvX-an-p-Xv Fs-m-amWp A-sa-p-t]mepw auehn adp-t]m-bn. kwi-b-ap-s-n 1982se ^tdmv apPm-lnZv ktf\ tkmh-\o-dn s{]m^.-sI.-A-l-Zv Ipn kmln_v Fgp-Xnb
teJ\w Hcm-hn hmbnp t\mp-I. Atlw Fgp-Xp-p.
""\yqaq kw`-hn-p--tXmsS ]pXnb amkw ]nd-p-I-bm-bn. Hcp
\yqaq-Wn-\p tijw lnem Zriy-am-Ip-hm ASp kqcym-kvXabw hsc Imn-cn--Ww.''(t]Pv 102). Hcp ev \yqaq
kw`-hn-p-tm kqcym-kvX-abw \S-p ev lnem
{]Xy- - s - S p- p. Al- Zv Ipn kmln- _ n- t \- m tKmfimkv{Xw ]Tn--h-cmtWm Ctm-gs sI.-sP.-bp-hn-ep--sXv
F\n--dn-q-Iq-Sm. Al-Zv Ipn kmln_v lnem Inn cq]oI-cn-Xp apX Atlw acn-pthmfw AXns P\-d sk{I-dn-bm-bn-cp-p Fm-W-dn-hv. IWv kzoIm-cy-am-sW-v Atlw
Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v, {]kw-Kn-n-p-v. ]s \yqaq {]mtZ-inI kab-n-tev amn--d-bp-Xv icn-b-sv R Atls Adnbn-n-cp-p-sh-nepw AtX-p-dnp ]Tn-m At-l-n\p kabw
e`n-n-.(A-mlp At-l-n\v aKv^ndpw al-apw \Ipam-dm-I-s).
imkv{Xob lnPvd Ie- Xm-dmn {]kn-o-I-cn-m Aen
aWn-Iv^m-\ns\ D]-tZ-in-Xv Al-Zv Ipn-km-ln-_m-Wv. lnPvd
Ie--dns BZy {]Xn sI.-sP.bp ap {]kn-U v alqw sI.-Da aue-hnp \In-smv ssiJv A_vZp--aZv A JmXn_v
BWp {]Im-i\w sNbvXn-p--Xv. FXpw {]kvXm-hy-am-Wv.
(i_m_v Ie-dpw \yqaq-Wns ASp Znhkw ]pXp-amkw
XpS-n-b-Xmbn tcJ-s-Sp-p-p-v. DZm-l-cWw ImWp-I(-a-\-nem-Ip--Xn\v {]mtZ-inI ka-bhpw \Inbn-cn-pp).

21

ta sImSp hnh-cW
- {- ]-Imcw \yqaq-Wns ASp Znhkw Hmw
Xnb-Xn-bm-sWv i_m_v kp-ap-emw Aa-\m Ie--dp-Ifn ImWn-p-p. \yqaq Znhkw Xs AtX \nan-j
- n lnem
P\n-p-sav R ]d-bp-tm At Znhkw Ip-sImv
lnem ImWp-sa-mWv ta Ie--dp-I ImWn-p--Xv. aue-hnam ]d-bp--XmtWm Ah-cpsS Ie--dp-I ImWn-p--XmtWm
kXyw? hni-Zo-I-cn-p-I.
\yqaq Znhkw ]I ka-bv Ccp N{s\ ImWp--Xns\
Ipdnv Cam-ap-am N sNbvXn-p-v. aZo-\n-bpsS ]pkvXIw 96, 97
t]Pp-I-fn AXv hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p-v. JpXzp_n 2/294, ^X-lp
_mcn 5/595, A aPvaqAv 6/289, XpS-nbhbn aZo\n D-cn-pp-v. kwip--amb \oem-Im-i-n ]p-Im-ev \yqaq Znhkw
]I khm-enp cp aWn-q appw ]np-ambn N{-e ImWm
km[n-n-cp-p-h-s{X. A-co- aen-\o-I-cWw ImcWw \oem-Imiw
\apv \jvS-s-p-t]m-bn. \yqaqWpw lnemepw Hcp-anp kw`-hn-pp
Fp a\-n-em-m Htm ctm hjs i_m_v Ie--dn
sImSp IWv am{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-m aXn.
2. temI-p Hp-an cmPy-fpw P\-fpw B[m-c-am-p-Xv
lnem-en-s\-bmWv'' Fv Fgp-Xn-bX
- nv Cy, _wm-tZ-iv, ]mIn-m
Fo cmPy- am{Xta lnem I-tijw amkw XpS-p-pq
Fv Rm Fgp-Xn-bn-cpp. Fm Fm-hcpw lnem am\-Z-WvUam-p-p. \yqaq Fp ]d-bp-n F-XmWv aue-hn-am-cpsS adp-]Sn. lnem-ens\ \ t\{Xw sImv ImW-W-sav hmin-]n-Snp Xnp lnem Inn/ sI.-sP.bp XpSn Hcp kwL-S-\bpw Hcp
cmPy- mcpw \- t \{Xw sImv lnem ImWp- n- , AYhm
ImWmsX Ip Fp Ifhp ]d-bp-I-bm-sWpw Cym D]-`q-JWvU-n am{Xw (tIc-f-sam-gn-sI), Ip-sImv I-tijw amkw
XpS-p-p-sh-p-ap kXyw aue-hn-am aqSn-sh-m {ian-nv Imcyan-. AXmWp kXyw. 2006 Hcp an\p-ns AkvX-ab hyXym-kn t]mepw tImgn-tmSv amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-n-p-v. CXv CPvXnlm-Zns {]iv\-a-. Ata-cn--bnepw bqtdm-nepw hnjbw CPvXn-lmZn-bm-Wv. ImcWw Ah Ip-sImv ImW-Ws
- av ]d-bp-n-. ImWm\p {]mbw Bbm aXn F IW-mWv ]d-bp--Xv. Fm
kDuZn Atd-_ybpw tIcf ke-^n-Ifpw ]d-bp--X {]mhn-Iam-p--Xv. BIm-i-p-m-bm aXn, Fn-smcp I-km-yhpw:
CXn-s-hn-sS-bmWv sXfnhv? AXmWv hnj-b
- ns aaw. lnPvd Innbpw lnem-ens\ Xs-bmWv am\-Z-WvU-am-p--Xv. Al-Zv Ipn
kmln_v Fgp-XnbXpt]mse \yqaq kw`-hn tijw kqcym-kvXabw \S-p-n-Sv lnem {]Xy--am-hp-p. AXn-\m ASp
Znhkw amk-ns Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-bn-cn-pw.
3. ""\yqaq F-Xn\v Ad-_n-bn almJv FmWp ]d-bp--Xv''
22

F {]kvXm-h\ BSns\ ]n-bm--em-Wv. \yqaq FXv Hcp \nanj-n kw`-hn-p--Xm-Wv. aplmJv FXv aZo\n Xs Xs
]pkvX-I-n ]d-bp-Xv ""N{-am-k-nse Ah-km-\s ctm
aqtm Znh-k-ap N{-s\--n-bmWv aplmJv Fp ]d-bpI''(t]Pv
24)-F-m-Wv. C_v\p Iko 3:702- Cns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-n-p--Xmbn
aZo\n t]Pv 25- hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p. Xm Xs Fgp-Xn-bXv aZo\n
ad-p-t]mtbm? AtXm adhn \Sn-p-pthm?
4. ""Jp-B 2:189 Aln P\-v lnpw ka-b-\nWb-n-\p-ap am\-ZW
- U
v a
- m-W.v '' Fv aue-hn-am Fgp-Xp-p. ""ahmJo
enmkn h lv' FmWv hN-\w. N{--e-I P\--pw
lnpw Xnb-Xn-Iv \nZm-\-am-Wv FmWv icn-bmb Aw.
ka-b-n--. Cu Bb-ns\ \_n(-k)-hn-i-Zo-I-cn-p. ""N{--eIsf Amlp P\-v Xnb-Xn-I-fpsS am\-Z-WvU-ambn \n-bn-ncn-p-p. Ah-bp-sS(-N-{--e-I)-Zr-iy-X-bpsS ASn-m-\-n
\n t\mp-Xp-S-p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw sNp-I.'' kab
\nW-b
- n\v kqcys\ Bkv]Z- a
- m-m-\mWv Amlp ]d-n-p-Xv.(kqd: C{kmAv: 78) Bb-Xn\v N{--e-I am\-Z-WvU-am-m IgnbpI-bn-.
5. ""taLm-hr-Xa
- m-bm 30 ]qn-bm-pI Fv Blzm\w sNbvXncn-pp'' Fp ]d-bp-p. Kzpv F ]Z-nv ad-bvs
- -m FmWw. amkm-h-km\w Xn-s-Sp-p Imcy-amWv ]d-bp--Xv. agm aqSn-bm 30 ]qn-bm-m-\mWp I-\-sb-n sI.-sP.bp
\nc--c-ambn {]kvXpX Iev]\ ewLn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. C-gn
CuZp^n-Xz N{I-hmfw I\ ag-m aqSn-bnpw sI.-sP.-bp.-lnem t\mm ]d-bp-Ibpw ImmSv ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXp. temIv
ag-m-dp-m-hm Htc-sbmcp ew Imm-Smbn amdn-bn-cn-p-p. HpIn \n Cu lZokv ]d-bm-Xn-cn-p-I. AX-s-n ag-m
Dsn 30 ]qn-bm-m Blzm\w sNp-I. Av t\mmt\
]d-b-cp-Xm-bn-cp-p. CSv auehn kXyw Fgp-Xn-tm-Ip-p-v. ""Av
lnem {]Xy--am-bn-s-n B amkw apXp ]qn-bm-m\pw
\nt-in-p-p.'' AsX lnem {]Xy--am-hpI BbXv nc-sSpI F-XmWv ASn-m\w. ImW-e
- . CXn X-an-tm. lnem
Ip-sImv ImW-W-saXpw A{]mtbm-Kn-I-sav kzbw t_m[yamb kwKXn ]d-bp-Ibpw AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn {]hn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xn--epamWv sXp--Xv. AXmWv hnain--s-Sp--Xv.
6. ""\_n(-k)-am-\-Z-WvU-am-m Blzm\w sNbvXXv lnem-en-s\bm-sWv Aw. \yqaq-Wn-s\-b-(-I-dp--hm-hv) Fv kv]jvSw.
AXp-Xs taLm-hr-X-am-bm 30 ]qn-bm-pI Fpw Blzm\w
sNbvXn-cn-p-p.''(-te-J-\w)
taLm-hr-X-am-bm 30 ]qn-bm-m \nt-i-ap-s-n BbXv
apkvenwI ewLn-n-cn-p-p. am\-ZWvUw lnem-emWv F-Xn
23

ta sImSp hnh-cW
- {- ]-Imcw \yqaq-Wns ASp Znhkw Hmw
Xnb-Xn-bm-sWv i_m_v kp-ap-emw Aa-\m Ie--dp-Ifn ImWn-p-p. \yqaq Znhkw Xs AtX \nan-j
- n lnem
P\n-p-sav R ]d-bp-tm At Znhkw Ip-sImv
lnem ImWp-sa-mWv ta Ie--dp-I ImWn-p--Xv. aue-hnam ]d-bp--XmtWm Ah-cpsS Ie--dp-I ImWn-p--XmtWm
kXyw? hni-Zo-I-cn-p-I.
\yqaq Znhkw ]I ka-bv Ccp N{s\ ImWp--Xns\
Ipdnv Cam-ap-am N sNbvXn-p-v. aZo-\n-bpsS ]pkvXIw 96, 97
t]Pp-I-fn AXv hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p-v. JpXzp_n 2/294, ^X-lp
_mcn 5/595, A aPvaqAv 6/289, XpS-nbhbn aZo\n D-cn-pp-v. kwip--amb \oem-Im-i-n ]p-Im-ev \yqaq Znhkw
]I khm-enp cp aWn-q appw ]np-ambn N{-e ImWm
km[n-n-cp-p-h-s{X. A-co- aen-\o-I-cWw ImcWw \oem-Imiw
\apv \jvS-s-p-t]m-bn. \yqaqWpw lnemepw Hcp-anp kw`-hn-pp
Fp a\-n-em-m Htm ctm hjs i_m_v Ie--dn
sImSp IWv am{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-m aXn.
2. temI-p Hp-an cmPy-fpw P\-fpw B[m-c-am-p-Xv
lnem-en-s\-bmWv'' Fv Fgp-Xn-bX
- nv Cy, _wm-tZ-iv, ]mIn-m
Fo cmPy- am{Xta lnem I-tijw amkw XpS-p-pq
Fv Rm Fgp-Xn-bn-cpp. Fm Fm-hcpw lnem am\-Z-WvUam-p-p. \yqaq Fp ]d-bp-n F-XmWv aue-hn-am-cpsS adp-]Sn. lnem-ens\ \ t\{Xw sImv ImW-W-sav hmin-]n-Snp Xnp lnem Inn/ sI.-sP.bp XpSn Hcp kwL-S-\bpw Hcp
cmPy- mcpw \- t \{Xw sImv lnem ImWp- n- , AYhm
ImWmsX Ip Fp Ifhp ]d-bp-I-bm-sWpw Cym D]-`q-JWvU-n am{Xw (tIc-f-sam-gn-sI), Ip-sImv I-tijw amkw
XpS-p-p-sh-p-ap kXyw aue-hn-am aqSn-sh-m {ian-nv Imcyan-. AXmWp kXyw. 2006 Hcp an\p-ns AkvX-ab hyXym-kn t]mepw tImgn-tmSv amk-n-dhn Xocp-am-\n-n-p-v. CXv CPvXnlm-Zns {]iv\-a-. Ata-cn--bnepw bqtdm-nepw hnjbw CPvXn-lmZn-bm-Wv. ImcWw Ah Ip-sImv ImW-Ws
- av ]d-bp-n-. ImWm\p {]mbw Bbm aXn F IW-mWv ]d-bp--Xv. Fm
kDuZn Atd-_ybpw tIcf ke-^n-Ifpw ]d-bp--X {]mhn-Iam-p--Xv. BIm-i-p-m-bm aXn, Fn-smcp I-km-yhpw:
CXn-s-hn-sS-bmWv sXfnhv? AXmWv hnj-b
- ns aaw. lnPvd Innbpw lnem-ens\ Xs-bmWv am\-Z-WvU-am-p--Xv. Al-Zv Ipn
kmln_v Fgp-XnbXpt]mse \yqaq kw`-hn tijw kqcym-kvXabw \S-p-n-Sv lnem {]Xy--am-hp-p. AXn-\m ASp
Znhkw amk-ns Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-bn-cn-pw.
3. ""\yqaq F-Xn\v Ad-_n-bn almJv FmWp ]d-bp--Xv''
22

F {]kvXm-h\ BSns\ ]n-bm--em-Wv. \yqaq FXv Hcp \nanj-n kw`-hn-p--Xm-Wv. aplmJv FXv aZo\n Xs Xs
]pkvX-I-n ]d-bp-Xv ""N{-am-k-nse Ah-km-\s ctm
aqtm Znh-k-ap N{-s\--n-bmWv aplmJv Fp ]d-bpI''(t]Pv
24)-F-m-Wv. C_v\p Iko 3:702- Cns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-n-p--Xmbn
aZo\n t]Pv 25- hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p. Xm Xs Fgp-Xn-bXv aZo\n
ad-p-t]mtbm? AtXm adhn \Sn-p-pthm?
4. ""Jp-B 2:189 Aln P\-v lnpw ka-b-\nWb-n-\p-ap am\-ZW
- U
v a
- m-W.v '' Fv aue-hn-am Fgp-Xp-p. ""ahmJo
enmkn h lv' FmWv hN-\w. N{--e-I P\--pw
lnpw Xnb-Xn-Iv \nZm-\-am-Wv FmWv icn-bmb Aw.
ka-b-n--. Cu Bb-ns\ \_n(-k)-hn-i-Zo-I-cn-p. ""N{--eIsf Amlp P\-v Xnb-Xn-I-fpsS am\-Z-WvU-ambn \n-bn-ncn-p-p. Ah-bp-sS(-N-{--e-I)-Zr-iy-X-bpsS ASn-m-\-n
\n t\mp-Xp-S-p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw sNp-I.'' kab
\nW-b
- n\v kqcys\ Bkv]Z- a
- m-m-\mWv Amlp ]d-n-p-Xv.(kqd: C{kmAv: 78) Bb-Xn\v N{--e-I am\-Z-WvU-am-m IgnbpI-bn-.
5. ""taLm-hr-Xa
- m-bm 30 ]qn-bm-pI Fv Blzm\w sNbvXncn-pp'' Fp ]d-bp-p. Kzpv F ]Z-nv ad-bvs
- -m FmWw. amkm-h-km\w Xn-s-Sp-p Imcy-amWv ]d-bp--Xv. agm aqSn-bm 30 ]qn-bm-m-\mWp I-\-sb-n sI.-sP.bp
\nc--c-ambn {]kvXpX Iev]\ ewLn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. C-gn
CuZp^n-Xz N{I-hmfw I\ ag-m aqSn-bnpw sI.-sP.-bp.-lnem t\mm ]d-bp-Ibpw ImmSv ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXp. temIv
ag-m-dp-m-hm Htc-sbmcp ew Imm-Smbn amdn-bn-cn-p-p. HpIn \n Cu lZokv ]d-bm-Xn-cn-p-I. AX-s-n ag-m
Dsn 30 ]qn-bm-m Blzm\w sNp-I. Av t\mmt\
]d-b-cp-Xm-bn-cp-p. CSv auehn kXyw Fgp-Xn-tm-Ip-p-v. ""Av
lnem {]Xy--am-bn-s-n B amkw apXp ]qn-bm-m\pw
\nt-in-p-p.'' AsX lnem {]Xy--am-hpI BbXv nc-sSpI F-XmWv ASn-m\w. ImW-e
- . CXn X-an-tm. lnem
Ip-sImv ImW-W-saXpw A{]mtbm-Kn-I-sav kzbw t_m[yamb kwKXn ]d-bp-Ibpw AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn {]hn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xn--epamWv sXp--Xv. AXmWv hnain--s-Sp--Xv.
6. ""\_n(-k)-am-\-Z-WvU-am-m Blzm\w sNbvXXv lnem-en-s\bm-sWv Aw. \yqaq-Wn-s\-b-(-I-dp--hm-hv) Fv kv]jvSw.
AXp-Xs taLm-hr-X-am-bm 30 ]qn-bm-pI Fpw Blzm\w
sNbvXn-cn-p-p.''(-te-J-\w)
taLm-hr-X-am-bm 30 ]qn-bm-m \nt-i-ap-s-n BbXv
apkvenwI ewLn-n-cn-p-p. am\-ZWvUw lnem-emWv F-Xn
23

ChnsS Bpw X-an-. AXv \vK\ t\{Xw sImv I-ti-jta


amkw XpS-p-I-bpq F hmZhpw AXns A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-Xbpw
ewL-\-hp-amWv Nm-hn-j-bw. Idp--hmhpw \yqaqWpw H-. Idp-hmhv Fv s]mXpsh ]d-b-s-Sp-Xv Hcp Znh-k-s-bm-Wv. AXv
"almJn'eps-Sp-p. \yqaq Hcp \nan-j-n kw`-hn-p-p. Idp-hmhv Znhkw `qan-bn GsX-nepw taJ-eb
- n \p-t- \-cv N{
`qanpw kqcy-\p-an-S-bn IqSn adp-`mKw {]th-in-p \nWnX kab-amWv \yqaq. lnPvd Ie--dn {]kvXpX ka-bhpw `qan-bnse
A\p-`-h-ta-J-ebpw AS-bm-f-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p. sNdp-Xmbn sImncn-p N{-e ]qPyw Un{Kn-bn Fp \nan-jw, sXm-Sp
\nan-j-n N{ hep-Xm-hp Ie(waxing crescent) Bbn-n-cp
\nan-jw. ]Sn-mdp `mK-tv Imep-I \o N{-e Ing-p-`mK-tv Imep-I eyw shp amw Dm-hp \nan-jw. \yqaq
FhnsS kw`-hn-mepw Atm kqcymkvX-a-b-ap-n-Sv lnem
{]Xy--am-hp-p. \yqaq kw`-hn-p taJ-e-bn kqcymkvX-a-btijw 12 an\pv Ignv N{ AkvX-an-p-p. CXn \npw
\yqaq Dmbn Fp ]d-m lnem P\np FmWv Aw
Fv a\-n-em-mw. C-d-Xv \ntj-[n-m aue-hn-amm-Iptam?
7. \_n(-k)-bpsS Imev hmpmbn-cp-n-. Ah kabw
t\mn-b \a-kvImcw \S-n-bXv Fp ]d-m \_n(-k)-k-abs AwKo-I-cn-n-n-, hmpw tmpw ]mSn Fm-sc-nepw ]dbptam? \_n(-k)-\yq-aq ASn-m-\-n IW-p-Iqn apIqn
Ie--dp-m-n-bn-cp-n Fp ]d-m IWp Iqn Ie--dpm-m ]mSn F Aw. \yqaq-Wns IrXy-amb kabw
IW-m-p imkv{Xw Amlp (kp.-X)-Av \In-bn-n-. Fm
amk-nse Ah-km\ Znhkw AYhm Aam-hmkn Znhkw Fmhpw Adn-bmam-bn-cp-p. Ah N{s\ \nco-n-p--h-cm-bn-cp-p.
C_v\p Iko X^vko, kqd:Aiwkv ImWp-I. \ng Afv hJvXv
\nW-bn-p AtX XXzw Hcp b{w hgn a\p-jyv D]-Im-c-s-Spn-b-XmWv tmv. lnem-ens P\\w lnkm_v(I-W-v) \S-m
Ign-bp Adnhv N{s akn-ens {]mbw hgn e`n-p-p. Cns\-bp lnkm-_ns ASn-m\w \yqaq BWv. AXn-\m CXv
Ckveman-I-hp-am-Wv.
\_n(-k)-bpsS Imev \yqaq IWp Iqm-\p Adnhv Dmbn-cp-n-. \yaq kw`-hn-p Znhkw AYhm N{s\ Xosc
ImWm Znhkw AXv "DPq-\p JZow' Fp Jp-B(36:39) hntijn-n Znh-k-ns ]ntv BsWpw N{ "Kpv'Bb Znhkw
amk-nse Ah-km\ Znh-k-am-sWpw ASp Znhkw ]pXp-am-kns Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-sWpw Ah-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Cv \yqaqWns kabw apIqn IW-p-Iq-m Ign-bp--Xn-\m Ie-
apIqn Xm-dm-m\pw Ign-bp-p. \_n(-k)-]-Tn-n amk-ns
24

Bcw`w \yqaq-Wns ]ntp apX ASp \yqaq hsc-bm-Wv.


aue-hn-amv \yqaqWpw lnemepw Aam-hm-knbpw Fmw Fm-sWv
Adn-bm--Xn-\m-emWv CXp-t]m-ep A_-- kw`-hn-pXv.

8. \yqaq-Wnv Ckveman ASn-m-\-aptm?


1) cp-Xcw N{-am-k--fp-v. Hv N{ Hcp \-{X-np
t\sc \npw Bcw-`nv Hcp {]mhiyw `qansb Npn hopw AtX
\-{X-n\p t\sc Fm-s\-Sp-p Imew. CXnv 27.33 Znh-ksa-Sp-p-p. sskUocn-b amkw Fv Cu amk-n\v ]d-bp-p.
cv: N{ kqcy\p t\sc \npw Bcw-`nv `qansb Npn hopw
kqcy\p t\sc Fp--Im-ew. Cu amk-n 29.5 Znh-k--fp-mbn-cn-pw. knt\m-UnIv amkw Fv CXn\p ]d-bp-p. Ckvemw CXn
GXp amk-t-bmWv AwKo-I-cn-n-p-Xv. kqcy\pw `qan-p-an-S-bn
\nv XpSn AtX m\v Xncn-s-p amkw. AYhm \yqaq
apX XpSn ASp \yqaq-Wnp apmbn Ah-km-\n-p amkw.
29/30 Znh-k-amWv Hcp amk-n-s\v dkq(-k)-]-Tn-n-p-tm \mw
AXns imkv{Xo-bX hy-ambn Cp a\-n-em-p-p. AXm-bXp
\yqaq ASn-m-\-am-bp amk-amWv Ckveman-I-amkw Fv.
2) hn.-Jp. kqd: cmw hN-\w. ""N{ Xs-bmWv (k-Xyw) AXv
AXns\ (kq-cy-s\) XpSp-hc
- p-tm'' F-Xns\]n C_v\p Iko
Xs {K-n C_v\p sskZv ]d--Xmbn C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Spp-p. ""N{ amk-ns Hmw ]Ip-Xn-bn kqcys\ ]np-S-cpp. ]noSv kqcy N{s\ ]np-S-cp-p. amk-ns cmw ]IpXn-bpsS Ah-km-\-n N{ kqcys\ adn-I-Spp.'' C{]-Imcw
N{ kqcys\ adn-I-S-p--tXmSp IqSn Hcp amk-ns Ah-km\hpw ASp amk-ns XpS-hpw kw`-hn-p-p. amk-ns
Ah-km\ Znh-k--fn BZyw N{ DZn-p-Ibpw tijw kqcy
DZn-p--Xmbn AYhm kqcy N{s\ ]np-S-cp--Xmbn ImWmw.
Fm amkm-hk
- m-\Z- n-hkw N{ kqcys\ adn-IS-
- p-t- XmSp IqSn
N{ kqcys\ ]np-S-cp--Xmbpw BZyw kqcy-\p-Zn-pI tijw
N{ DZn-p-Ibpw AXv t]mse AkvX-an-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Cu
ApX {]Xn-`m-k-nv ]d-bp t]cmWv \yqaq AYhm I. \yqaq CkvemanIw Jp-B-\nIw Xs Xo.
3) temIm-h-km\w (Jn-bm-aw) Hcp {KlW Znh-k-am-bn-cn-p-sav
Hcp \_n-h-N-\-ap-v. kqd: Jnbm-a-bn 79 hN-\- {in-p-I.

o n n dGh o rs dG Lh o n n dG
n n Nh dG H GnPEp an
""Iv An-t]m-Ip-Ibpw N{\v {KlWw _m[n-p-Ibpw kqcy\pw
N{-\pw(-`q-an-bpsS IqsS) Hcp-anp Iq-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm'' N{v
{KlWw _m[n-p-Xv kqcy\pw N{\pw CS-bn `qan \np25

ChnsS Bpw X-an-. AXv \vK\ t\{Xw sImv I-ti-jta


amkw XpS-p-I-bpq F hmZhpw AXns A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-Xbpw
ewL-\-hp-amWv Nm-hn-j-bw. Idp--hmhpw \yqaqWpw H-. Idp-hmhv Fv s]mXpsh ]d-b-s-Sp-Xv Hcp Znh-k-s-bm-Wv. AXv
"almJn'eps-Sp-p. \yqaq Hcp \nan-j-n kw`-hn-p-p. Idp-hmhv Znhkw `qan-bn GsX-nepw taJ-eb
- n \p-t- \-cv N{
`qanpw kqcy-\p-an-S-bn IqSn adp-`mKw {]th-in-p \nWnX kab-amWv \yqaq. lnPvd Ie--dn {]kvXpX ka-bhpw `qan-bnse
A\p-`-h-ta-J-ebpw AS-bm-f-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p. sNdp-Xmbn sImncn-p N{-e ]qPyw Un{Kn-bn Fp \nan-jw, sXm-Sp
\nan-j-n N{ hep-Xm-hp Ie(waxing crescent) Bbn-n-cp
\nan-jw. ]Sn-mdp `mK-tv Imep-I \o N{-e Ing-p-`mK-tv Imep-I eyw shp amw Dm-hp \nan-jw. \yqaq
FhnsS kw`-hn-mepw Atm kqcymkvX-a-b-ap-n-Sv lnem
{]Xy--am-hp-p. \yqaq kw`-hn-p taJ-e-bn kqcymkvX-a-btijw 12 an\pv Ignv N{ AkvX-an-p-p. CXn \npw
\yqaq Dmbn Fp ]d-m lnem P\np FmWv Aw
Fv a\-n-em-mw. C-d-Xv \ntj-[n-m aue-hn-amm-Iptam?
7. \_n(-k)-bpsS Imev hmpmbn-cp-n-. Ah kabw
t\mn-b \a-kvImcw \S-n-bXv Fp ]d-m \_n(-k)-k-abs AwKo-I-cn-n-n-, hmpw tmpw ]mSn Fm-sc-nepw ]dbptam? \_n(-k)-\yq-aq ASn-m-\-n IW-p-Iqn apIqn
Ie--dp-m-n-bn-cp-n Fp ]d-m IWp Iqn Ie--dpm-m ]mSn F Aw. \yqaq-Wns IrXy-amb kabw
IW-m-p imkv{Xw Amlp (kp.-X)-Av \In-bn-n-. Fm
amk-nse Ah-km\ Znhkw AYhm Aam-hmkn Znhkw Fmhpw Adn-bmam-bn-cp-p. Ah N{s\ \nco-n-p--h-cm-bn-cp-p.
C_v\p Iko X^vko, kqd:Aiwkv ImWp-I. \ng Afv hJvXv
\nW-bn-p AtX XXzw Hcp b{w hgn a\p-jyv D]-Im-c-s-Spn-b-XmWv tmv. lnem-ens P\\w lnkm_v(I-W-v) \S-m
Ign-bp Adnhv N{s akn-ens {]mbw hgn e`n-p-p. Cns\-bp lnkm-_ns ASn-m\w \yqaq BWv. AXn-\m CXv
Ckveman-I-hp-am-Wv.
\_n(-k)-bpsS Imev \yqaq IWp Iqm-\p Adnhv Dmbn-cp-n-. \yaq kw`-hn-p Znhkw AYhm N{s\ Xosc
ImWm Znhkw AXv "DPq-\p JZow' Fp Jp-B(36:39) hntijn-n Znh-k-ns ]ntv BsWpw N{ "Kpv'Bb Znhkw
amk-nse Ah-km\ Znh-k-am-sWpw ASp Znhkw ]pXp-am-kns Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-sWpw Ah-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Cv \yqaqWns kabw apIqn IW-p-Iq-m Ign-bp--Xn-\m Ie-
apIqn Xm-dm-m\pw Ign-bp-p. \_n(-k)-]-Tn-n amk-ns
24

Bcw`w \yqaq-Wns ]ntp apX ASp \yqaq hsc-bm-Wv.


aue-hn-amv \yqaqWpw lnemepw Aam-hm-knbpw Fmw Fm-sWv
Adn-bm--Xn-\m-emWv CXp-t]m-ep A_-- kw`-hn-pXv.

8. \yqaq-Wnv Ckveman ASn-m-\-aptm?


1) cp-Xcw N{-am-k--fp-v. Hv N{ Hcp \-{X-np
t\sc \npw Bcw-`nv Hcp {]mhiyw `qansb Npn hopw AtX
\-{X-n\p t\sc Fm-s\-Sp-p Imew. CXnv 27.33 Znh-ksa-Sp-p-p. sskUocn-b amkw Fv Cu amk-n\v ]d-bp-p.
cv: N{ kqcy\p t\sc \npw Bcw-`nv `qansb Npn hopw
kqcy\p t\sc Fp--Im-ew. Cu amk-n 29.5 Znh-k--fp-mbn-cn-pw. knt\m-UnIv amkw Fv CXn\p ]d-bp-p. Ckvemw CXn
GXp amk-t-bmWv AwKo-I-cn-n-p-Xv. kqcy\pw `qan-p-an-S-bn
\nv XpSn AtX m\v Xncn-s-p amkw. AYhm \yqaq
apX XpSn ASp \yqaq-Wnp apmbn Ah-km-\n-p amkw.
29/30 Znh-k-amWv Hcp amk-n-s\v dkq(-k)-]-Tn-n-p-tm \mw
AXns imkv{Xo-bX hy-ambn Cp a\-n-em-p-p. AXm-bXp
\yqaq ASn-m-\-am-bp amk-amWv Ckveman-I-amkw Fv.
2) hn.-Jp. kqd: cmw hN-\w. ""N{ Xs-bmWv (k-Xyw) AXv
AXns\ (kq-cy-s\) XpSp-hc
- p-tm'' F-Xns\]n C_v\p Iko
Xs {K-n C_v\p sskZv ]d--Xmbn C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Spp-p. ""N{ amk-ns Hmw ]Ip-Xn-bn kqcys\ ]np-S-cpp. ]noSv kqcy N{s\ ]np-S-cp-p. amk-ns cmw ]IpXn-bpsS Ah-km-\-n N{ kqcys\ adn-I-Spp.'' C{]-Imcw
N{ kqcys\ adn-I-S-p--tXmSp IqSn Hcp amk-ns Ah-km\hpw ASp amk-ns XpS-hpw kw`-hn-p-p. amk-ns
Ah-km\ Znh-k--fn BZyw N{ DZn-p-Ibpw tijw kqcy
DZn-p--Xmbn AYhm kqcy N{s\ ]np-S-cp--Xmbn ImWmw.
Fm amkm-hk
- m-\Z- n-hkw N{ kqcys\ adn-IS-
- p-t- XmSp IqSn
N{ kqcys\ ]np-S-cp--Xmbpw BZyw kqcy-\p-Zn-pI tijw
N{ DZn-p-Ibpw AXv t]mse AkvX-an-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Cu
ApX {]Xn-`m-k-nv ]d-bp t]cmWv \yqaq AYhm I. \yqaq CkvemanIw Jp-B-\nIw Xs Xo.
3) temIm-h-km\w (Jn-bm-aw) Hcp {KlW Znh-k-am-bn-cn-p-sav
Hcp \_n-h-N-\-ap-v. kqd: Jnbm-a-bn 79 hN-\- {in-p-I.

o n n dGh o rs dG Lh o n n dG
n n Nh dG H GnPEp an
""Iv An-t]m-Ip-Ibpw N{\v {KlWw _m[n-p-Ibpw kqcy\pw
N{-\pw(-`q-an-bpsS IqsS) Hcp-anp Iq-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm'' N{v
{KlWw _m[n-p-Xv kqcy\pw N{\pw CS-bn `qan \np25

tm-gm-Wv. kqcy\pw N{\pw Hcp tcJ-bn `qanv t\sc hcp-tm


kqcy-{K-l-Whpw kw`-hn-p-p. CXmWv Bb-ns Ah-km-\-`mKw. AXv \yqaq IqSn-bm-Wv. \yqaq-Wns\ Ipdnv Nnn-p BfpIp ZrjvSmw Jp-B ]Tn-n-p-Ib
- m-Wv. N{-{K-lWw Jnbma-n am{X-a-m--Xp-t]mse kqcy-{K-l-Whpw Jnbm-a-n am{X-a. Fm amkhpw \yqaq kw`-hn-p-p. icm-icn 6 amk-n-sem-cn kqcy{KlWhpw kw`-hn-p-p. Jp-B `mhn am{X-a ham-\hpw ]Tn-n-p-X-cp-p.
4) ta Bb-p-I-fp-sSbpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn--n
\yqaq({K-l-Ww) kw`-hn-p Znh-k-np ASp Znhkw ]pXpamkw XpS-m-hp--Xm-sW Camw im^nCu(-d)-bpsS ^Xvh \mw
t\cs a\-n-em-n-bn-p-v. At\Iw Jp-B Bb-p-I tKmfimkv{X kw_--am-bp--Xv, Jp-B-\n-ep-v. CsXmw Fn-\mWv?
Ah Nnnp a\-n-em-m--hsc XmoXp sNp \_n-h-N-\hpap-v. Fnpw hfsc hy-ambn P\- a\-n-em-n-bn-p
IW-p-I kzoI-cn-m ]mSn-sv sI.-sP.-bp-]W
- vUn-Xamv ]dbm Fns\ ss[cyw hp F-XmWv Ap-X-s-Sp-p--Xv.
N{s akn-ep-I IWp Iqm thn-bm-sWv kqd bq\pkv
5mw kqw ]Tn-n-p-p. Fp IW-mWv apkvenwI "a\m-knep-I' D]-tbm-Knp sNp-Xv? IW-p-Iq-m ]mSn-smWv laoZv
aZo\n ]d-bpXv.
5) \yqaq Fm amk-nse Ah-km\ Znh-k-am-sWv aZo\n
Xs ]pkvX-I-n(-t]Pv 23) {]kn {K--fn \npw D-cn-ncn-p-p. am{X-hp-a "Ain-v' Fv N{s\ ImWp sshIp-tc-n\pw ]d-n-cn-p-p.

kpXmcy\ne-]mSv kzoImcyw
ta ]d sXfn-hp-I [mcm-fa
- mWv kXym-t\z-jn-Iv. k_pn-amam AYhm kZvhr-cmb ]WvUn-Xam Bcm-sWv JpB 3:189, 190 hni-Zo-I-cnp Xp. ""Amlphn\m-Ipp BIm-i-fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw B[n-]-Xyw. Amlp GXp Imcy-n\pw Ignhp--h-\m-Ip-p. Xo-bmbpw BIm-i--fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw
krjvSn-nepw cm-I-ep-I amdn-h-cp--Xnepw k_p-n-bp--hv
]e ZrjvSm-
- f
- p-ap-v. \np sImpw Ccp-p-sImpw Am-lpsh
Hmp-Ibpw BImi `qan-I-fpsS krjvSn-ns\ kw_-nv Nnnp
sImn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp--h-cs{X Ah. Ah ]dbpw R-fp-sS
cn-Xm-th, \o \nc-I-ambn krjvSn--X--C-Xv, \o F{Xtbm ]cnip- AXn-\m \c-I-in--bn \nv Rsf \o Imp-c-nt-Wta''
apkvenw temIv Am-lp(-kp.-X)-hn-ti-jn-n Xc-n-ep F{X
]WvUn-Xc
- pv? BImi `qan-If
- psS krjvSn-ns clkyw Adn-tb
26

Bhiyw Cm-es ]WvUn-Xamn-. ImcWw \mw IWp


Iqp-I-bn-, Fgp-Xp-Itb C Fm-Wsm sI.-sP.bp Xocp-am-\w.
Fm k_p-n-amam-cmb Bfp-Iv hnip Jp-B\pw {]IrXn-\n-b-a-fpw A\p-k-cn-pI F-XmWv hnizm-kw.
\yqaq Fm lnem-ens ]nd-hn-bm-sWv \mw sXfn-bn-p.
9:36 Bb-ns shfn--n N{-am-k-I-e--dmWv Ckvemw AwKoI-cn-p--sXpw {]kvXpX Ie- apkvenwI Pohn-X-n
sImp \S-t--Xm-sWpw sXfnp Ign-p. N{s a\m-knep-I Ime-K-W-\-p ASn-m\ hnh-c-am-sW--Xn-\m (2:189,
10:5) IW-n-\v(-ln-km-_v)-I-e-I-fpsS Fw IrXy-am-bn-cn--W-sapw
a\-n-em-bn. IWp Iqp--Xn asm-c-Sn-m-\w. "DPq-\p
JZow'(36:39) BsWpw Jp-B-\n \npw a\-n-em-bn. C{Xbpw
ASn-m\ hnh-c-(Data) Jp-B ]d-p-X-cp--Xn-\m Chsbmw ASn-m-\-]-c-ambn \yqaq-Wp-ambn _-s--Xm-sWpw a\n-em-Ipw. \yqaq ]cn-K-Wn-msX Ie--dp-m-m-t\m, Ime-KW\tm Ign-bn-. Ckveman \yqaqWns {]m[m\yw Jp-B-\pw,
kp-pw, imkv{Xhpw sXfn-hmnsmv \mw sXfn-bn-p. CXv
icn-b-. lnem Ip-sImv ImW Xs-bm-Wv CkvemanI \nba-sav C\nbpw Bs-nepw kwi-b-ap-s-n, ""epwZo\ppw
hen-b-Zo'' Fp ]d-bp--Xnp apmbn Xmsg sImSp-p kwib-v IqSn Dcw Is-ntb Xocq.

Aln-bpw lnemepw
1. Ckvemanse Fm Bcm-[\m I-fpw Ime \n_--am-Wv.
AXp-sImv Xs amk-nse Znh-k-fpsS Fhpw {][m-\-amWv. AXn-\m amk-n-dhn kw`-hn-p-Xv a\p-jy lnem ImWp-Xp-ap-XmsWv sXfn-bn-p Hcp Jp-B Bbv D-cnm km[n-n-s-n hymJym-\n-s-Sp-m ]n-b-sX-nepw ImWnmtam?
2. Jp-B-\n P\sf, hnizm-kn-Isf F-msX tl Ad-_nIsf Xpn-I-sf, ankvcnIsf F Xc-n cmPyw, `mj, tKm{Xw
Fn-s\ hn`-Pnv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXn-n-. temI-n\p aphph am-Zi-I-amb Hcp {Khpw {]hm-N-I\pw BWp Ckveman-\p-Xv. Ie- am{Xw {]mtZ-in-I-ambn ]m-bv ASn-m-\-n-emm GXp \nb-a-amWv ico-A-n-ep--Xv.?
3. kqcy\pw N{\pw Ingv DZnv ]Sn-m-dn AkvX-an-p-p.
kabw amdp-Xv Ingp ]Sn-m-dm-Wv. sXv hS--. Fn-cns
ImktImUpw awK-em-]p-chpw Fns\ hyXykvX aXveAv BIpw.
Fp-sImv _t-cnbpw tImgn-tmSpw cp aXveAv BIp-n-.
\mSp-Im-Wn-bnepw FS--c-bnepw cp Xnb-Xn-bm-Ip--sX-s\.
4. aXveAv(Xz-eA=DZ-bw) Fm DZb taJe Fm-Ww.
27

tm-gm-Wv. kqcy\pw N{\pw Hcp tcJ-bn `qanv t\sc hcp-tm


kqcy-{K-l-Whpw kw`-hn-p-p. CXmWv Bb-ns Ah-km-\-`mKw. AXv \yqaq IqSn-bm-Wv. \yqaq-Wns\ Ipdnv Nnn-p BfpIp ZrjvSmw Jp-B ]Tn-n-p-Ib
- m-Wv. N{-{K-lWw Jnbma-n am{X-a-m--Xp-t]mse kqcy-{K-l-Whpw Jnbm-a-n am{X-a. Fm amkhpw \yqaq kw`-hn-p-p. icm-icn 6 amk-n-sem-cn kqcy{KlWhpw kw`-hn-p-p. Jp-B `mhn am{X-a ham-\hpw ]Tn-n-p-X-cp-p.
4) ta Bb-p-I-fp-sSbpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn--n
\yqaq({K-l-Ww) kw`-hn-p Znh-k-np ASp Znhkw ]pXpamkw XpS-m-hp--Xm-sW Camw im^nCu(-d)-bpsS ^Xvh \mw
t\cs a\-n-em-n-bn-p-v. At\Iw Jp-B Bb-p-I tKmfimkv{X kw_--am-bp--Xv, Jp-B-\n-ep-v. CsXmw Fn-\mWv?
Ah Nnnp a\-n-em-m--hsc XmoXp sNp \_n-h-N-\hpap-v. Fnpw hfsc hy-ambn P\- a\-n-em-n-bn-p
IW-p-I kzoI-cn-m ]mSn-sv sI.-sP.-bp-]W
- vUn-Xamv ]dbm Fns\ ss[cyw hp F-XmWv Ap-X-s-Sp-p--Xv.
N{s akn-ep-I IWp Iqm thn-bm-sWv kqd bq\pkv
5mw kqw ]Tn-n-p-p. Fp IW-mWv apkvenwI "a\m-knep-I' D]-tbm-Knp sNp-Xv? IW-p-Iq-m ]mSn-smWv laoZv
aZo\n ]d-bpXv.
5) \yqaq Fm amk-nse Ah-km\ Znh-k-am-sWv aZo\n
Xs ]pkvX-I-n(-t]Pv 23) {]kn {K--fn \npw D-cn-ncn-p-p. am{X-hp-a "Ain-v' Fv N{s\ ImWp sshIp-tc-n\pw ]d-n-cn-p-p.

kpXmcy\ne-]mSv kzoImcyw
ta ]d sXfn-hp-I [mcm-fa
- mWv kXym-t\z-jn-Iv. k_pn-amam AYhm kZvhr-cmb ]WvUn-Xam Bcm-sWv JpB 3:189, 190 hni-Zo-I-cnp Xp. ""Amlphn\m-Ipp BIm-i-fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw B[n-]-Xyw. Amlp GXp Imcy-n\pw Ignhp--h-\m-Ip-p. Xo-bmbpw BIm-i--fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw
krjvSn-nepw cm-I-ep-I amdn-h-cp--Xnepw k_p-n-bp--hv
]e ZrjvSm-
- f
- p-ap-v. \np sImpw Ccp-p-sImpw Am-lpsh
Hmp-Ibpw BImi `qan-I-fpsS krjvSn-ns\ kw_-nv Nnnp
sImn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp--h-cs{X Ah. Ah ]dbpw R-fp-sS
cn-Xm-th, \o \nc-I-ambn krjvSn--X--C-Xv, \o F{Xtbm ]cnip- AXn-\m \c-I-in--bn \nv Rsf \o Imp-c-nt-Wta''
apkvenw temIv Am-lp(-kp.-X)-hn-ti-jn-n Xc-n-ep F{X
]WvUn-Xc
- pv? BImi `qan-If
- psS krjvSn-ns clkyw Adn-tb
26

Bhiyw Cm-es ]WvUn-Xamn-. ImcWw \mw IWp


Iqp-I-bn-, Fgp-Xp-Itb C Fm-Wsm sI.-sP.bp Xocp-am-\w.
Fm k_p-n-amam-cmb Bfp-Iv hnip Jp-B\pw {]IrXn-\n-b-a-fpw A\p-k-cn-pI F-XmWv hnizm-kw.
\yqaq Fm lnem-ens ]nd-hn-bm-sWv \mw sXfn-bn-p.
9:36 Bb-ns shfn--n N{-am-k-I-e--dmWv Ckvemw AwKoI-cn-p--sXpw {]kvXpX Ie- apkvenwI Pohn-X-n
sImp \S-t--Xm-sWpw sXfnp Ign-p. N{s a\m-knep-I Ime-K-W-\-p ASn-m\ hnh-c-am-sW--Xn-\m (2:189,
10:5) IW-n-\v(-ln-km-_v)-I-e-I-fpsS Fw IrXy-am-bn-cn--W-sapw
a\-n-em-bn. IWp Iqp--Xn asm-c-Sn-m-\w. "DPq-\p
JZow'(36:39) BsWpw Jp-B-\n \npw a\-n-em-bn. C{Xbpw
ASn-m\ hnh-c-(Data) Jp-B ]d-p-X-cp--Xn-\m Chsbmw ASn-m-\-]-c-ambn \yqaq-Wp-ambn _-s--Xm-sWpw a\n-em-Ipw. \yqaq ]cn-K-Wn-msX Ie--dp-m-m-t\m, Ime-KW\tm Ign-bn-. Ckveman \yqaqWns {]m[m\yw Jp-B-\pw,
kp-pw, imkv{Xhpw sXfn-hmnsmv \mw sXfn-bn-p. CXv
icn-b-. lnem Ip-sImv ImW Xs-bm-Wv CkvemanI \nba-sav C\nbpw Bs-nepw kwi-b-ap-s-n, ""epwZo\ppw
hen-b-Zo'' Fp ]d-bp--Xnp apmbn Xmsg sImSp-p kwib-v IqSn Dcw Is-ntb Xocq.

Aln-bpw lnemepw
1. Ckvemanse Fm Bcm-[\m I-fpw Ime \n_--am-Wv.
AXp-sImv Xs amk-nse Znh-k-fpsS Fhpw {][m-\-amWv. AXn-\m amk-n-dhn kw`-hn-p-Xv a\p-jy lnem ImWp-Xp-ap-XmsWv sXfn-bn-p Hcp Jp-B Bbv D-cnm km[n-n-s-n hymJym-\n-s-Sp-m ]n-b-sX-nepw ImWnmtam?
2. Jp-B-\n P\sf, hnizm-kn-Isf F-msX tl Ad-_nIsf Xpn-I-sf, ankvcnIsf F Xc-n cmPyw, `mj, tKm{Xw
Fn-s\ hn`-Pnv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXn-n-. temI-n\p aphph am-Zi-I-amb Hcp {Khpw {]hm-N-I\pw BWp Ckveman-\p-Xv. Ie- am{Xw {]mtZ-in-I-ambn ]m-bv ASn-m-\-n-emm GXp \nb-a-amWv ico-A-n-ep--Xv.?
3. kqcy\pw N{\pw Ingv DZnv ]Sn-m-dn AkvX-an-p-p.
kabw amdp-Xv Ingp ]Sn-m-dm-Wv. sXv hS--. Fn-cns
ImktImUpw awK-em-]p-chpw Fns\ hyXykvX aXveAv BIpw.
Fp-sImv _t-cnbpw tImgn-tmSpw cp aXveAv BIp-n-.
\mSp-Im-Wn-bnepw FS--c-bnepw cp Xnb-Xn-bm-Ip--sX-s\.
4. aXveAv(Xz-eA=DZ-bw) Fm DZb taJe Fm-Ww.
27

]Sn-mdv AkvX-ab taJ-e-bm-Wv. AkvX-ab taJ-esb Fn-s\bmWv aXveAv Fp hnfn-pI?


5. \yqaq Dmbn 16 aWn-q-dn\p tijw ]Sn-m-dn DZn-p-Xm-Wv lnem Fv A_vZp laoZv aZo-\nbpw \yqaq-Wnp tijw
Htm ctm Znhkw Ign--tijw ImWp--XmWv lnem Fv
k-cn aue-hnbpw ]d-bp-p. Fm i_m-_v, kp-ap-emw Aa\m Ie--dp-I-fn 34 aWn-q {]mb-ap lnem 45 an\pv
Ignv AkvX-an-p--Xmbpw ASp Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbpw
tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p. \n-fpsS teJ-\
- fpw {]kw-K
- fpamtWm
AX \n-fpsS Ie--dp-I-fmtWm Ifhp ]d-bp-Xv?
6. Jp-B Fhn-sSbpw lnem-ens\ Ipdnp ]d-bp-n-. lnem
ImWp--Xns\ Ipdnv Xosc ]d-bp-n-. Aln-(-N-{--e-I) a\mkn(-m-\-) DPq-\p JZow Fnh ]d--tijw FmWp
]d-bp--Xv. \n da-Zm amk-n\v kmn-bm-bm t\ms-SppI(2:185). kmnbmhpI Fm Adn-hp-m-hpI Fm-Ww.
\mw Ctm k^ amk-n-em-sW--Xn\v \mw kmn-bm-Wv. 2011
s^{_p-hcn 16 _p[ k^ amk-n-em-sW--Xn\pw kmnbmhpw. Jp-B Fp-sImv lnem-ens\ Ipdnpw AXv ImWp-Xns\ Ipdnpw ]d-bmsX Ie-I-sf-p-dnpw Ah-bpsS m\-fpw
Ah-km-\s Zriy-am-hp Ie-I-sf-p-dnpw ]dp? ImcWw
lnem P\n DSs\ AXm-bXv 29/30 mw XnbXn lnem `qan-bnsem-cn-Spw ImWpI km[y-a-. Fm Ie-I Hmw XnbXn
apX 28/29mw XnbXn hsc-bp-Xv Ip-sImv ImWm Ign-bpw.
N{-e BZy-ambn ImWp-Xv Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-sWv Aam\n auehn-bpsS X^vkodn-epw(36:39) hy-am-n-bn-p-v. Cn-s\-bp IeI-sf(-A-ln-)-A-h-bpsS a\m-kn-en(-m-\--fn) \nco-Ww
\Sn XnbXn \n-bn-m\pw Ie-I-fpsS Ah-km\w AYhm DPq\p JZow t\mn-v "Kpn'bmb(-Im-Wm-Xm-b) Znhkw amkm-hkm-\-ambpw IW-mn ASp Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbn \nbn-p coXn-bmWv \_n(-k)-]-Tn-n-n-p--Xv. CXmWv amk-n-dhn
kw_-nv \_n(-k)-bpsS kp-v. hn.-Jp. 2:189 Bb-ns\ hniZo-I-cnp sImv \_n(-k)-kz-lm-_-ns\ ]Tn-n-p. 107 ]c--c-I-fneqsS nc-s {]kvXpX lZokv {in-p-I.
""Amlp N{--e-Isf P\-v Xnb-Xn-Iv thn kwhn[m-\n-n-cn-p-p. Ah-bpsS Zriy-X-bpsS A-Sn-m-\-n \n
t\mp XpS-p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw sNp-I. Ah \nv
ad-bv-s-m 30 Bbn IW-m-p-Ibpw sNp-I.''
Cu lZo-kn Aln-(-I-e-I) Fm-Wp--Xv. Fm aZo-\nbpsS ]pkvXI
-
- n(-t]Pv 17) N{-e
- sb Im(-ln-em) FmWv
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-X
- v. CXmWv `nn-ns ASn-m-\i
- ne lnem Fv
Fn-s\-bmWv Aln-sb amn--d-bm Ign-bp-I. ]WvUn-Xamv
28

]nb `mjm-]c
- a
- mb A_-[
- m-cW Xncp-p-I. \_n(-k)-Jp-B ]cnN-b-s-Sp-p-I-bm-Wv. Jp-B-\nepw lZo-knepw Aln Fm-Wp-Xv. Aln-sb t\mp-Xv Fm Znh-k-hp-am-Wv. lnem Fm
BZys 7 Znh-ks Ie-bpsS cq]s ]d-bp t]cm-Wv. AXv
29 se Iep am{Xw ]d-bp t]c-. Ah-km-\s 7 Znh-ks
Ie-Ipw lnem BIr-Xn-bm-Wv. AXn-\m Ah-tbm-tcmpw
lnem-em-Wv. Aln Fv ]d-bp-tm Ch apgp-h\pw Hmbn ]dbp t]cm-Wv. 29mw XnbXn aKvcn_nv \_n(-k)-ln-em t\mn-bXmbn bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-. Fm N{--e-I(-A-ln-) t\mnb-Xmbn sXfn-hppXm-\pw. iAv_m amks Aln {]tXyIw
t\mn-b-Xmbpw iAv_m Ah-km-\s \msem Atm Znhkw
kqva-ambn t\mn-b-Xmbpw A_q-Zm-hqZv dntmv sNbvX lZoknepXmbn aZo-\n-bpsS injy tUm: kmPnZv Fgp-Xnb ]pkvX-In D-cn-n-cn-p-p. kmPn-Zn\v Jp-B\pw lZokpw ]d-p-sImSp-p-Xn Hcm aZo-\n-bm-sWpw Snbm F-gp-Xn-bn-p-v. \_n(k)-]-e-tmgpw Ncn-p-In-S-v BIm-i-tv t\mm-dp-m-bncpsv lZo- k p- I - f n- e p- v . Npcp- - n N{- e \nco- Ww(Observation) \Sp-Xn\v [mcmfw sXfn-hp-If
- p-v. Fm 29mw
\p aKvcn_nv "Nt{m-Zbw(?)' t\m-p GmSv \_n(-k)-bpsS kp-. Ah-km-\s 4 Znhkw t\mp-Xv ]Sn-m-d Ing-m-Wv.
aZo-\b
- n \np sXtm-p-Xn-cnp \nv kp_vlv \a-kvIc
- nv kemw
hop-tm lnem ImWp-p. Hcp Znhkw ImWm-Xm-hp-p. ASp
Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn. Av kyv Hmw Xnb-Xn-bpsS lnem
ImWp-p. XpSv Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ie-I \nco-Ww \Sn
XnbXn \n-bn-p-p. Cu coXn-bmWv \_n-(k) ]Tn-n-n-p--Xv.
a) 29mw XnXbn \yqaq kw`-hn-p Znh-k-am-Wv. Av lnem
Dm-hp-I-bn-s-m-Wtm \n-fpsS hmZw. Fn ]ns \_n(-k)
lnem t\mn F hmZ-n\v Fv AY-amWv \n Iev]n-p-Xv.
b) \_n(-k)29mw XnbXn aKvcn_v ka-bv lnem t\mn-bXmbn sXfn-hn-. Btc-sb-nepw Npa-X-e-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbpw sXfn-hn.
c) aKvcn_v ka-bv lnem t\m-W-sa-n Pam-Av \akvImcw \on-sh-bvp-I-tbm, t\mm t]mIp Bfp-Iv PamAv \a-kvImcw Cfhp \Ip-Itbm thWw. An-s\-sbmcp "_m_v'
^nJvlns InXm-_p-I-fn-en-. Fp-sImv? 29mw \p kyv Ie
t\m \_n-Ncy AmXpsImv?
d) \nm-c-amb Imcy-v hsc {]Xn-^ew \IpXmb \_nh-N\
-
- f
- p-v. Fm amkw ImWm t]mIp-h
- p {]Xn-^ew
F{X-bm-sWv \_n(-k)-]-d-n-ptm? C, Fp-sImv? Ans\-sbmcp k{-Zmbw Ckveman-en-m-Xp-sIm-v.
29

]Sn-mdv AkvX-ab taJ-e-bm-Wv. AkvX-ab taJ-esb Fn-s\bmWv aXveAv Fp hnfn-pI?


5. \yqaq Dmbn 16 aWn-q-dn\p tijw ]Sn-m-dn DZn-p-Xm-Wv lnem Fv A_vZp laoZv aZo-\nbpw \yqaq-Wnp tijw
Htm ctm Znhkw Ign--tijw ImWp--XmWv lnem Fv
k-cn aue-hnbpw ]d-bp-p. Fm i_m-_v, kp-ap-emw Aa\m Ie--dp-I-fn 34 aWn-q {]mb-ap lnem 45 an\pv
Ignv AkvX-an-p--Xmbpw ASp Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbpw
tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p. \n-fpsS teJ-\
- fpw {]kw-K
- fpamtWm
AX \n-fpsS Ie--dp-I-fmtWm Ifhp ]d-bp-Xv?
6. Jp-B Fhn-sSbpw lnem-ens\ Ipdnp ]d-bp-n-. lnem
ImWp--Xns\ Ipdnv Xosc ]d-bp-n-. Aln-(-N-{--e-I) a\mkn(-m-\-) DPq-\p JZow Fnh ]d--tijw FmWp
]d-bp--Xv. \n da-Zm amk-n\v kmn-bm-bm t\ms-SppI(2:185). kmnbmhpI Fm Adn-hp-m-hpI Fm-Ww.
\mw Ctm k^ amk-n-em-sW--Xn\v \mw kmn-bm-Wv. 2011
s^{_p-hcn 16 _p[ k^ amk-n-em-sW--Xn\pw kmnbmhpw. Jp-B Fp-sImv lnem-ens\ Ipdnpw AXv ImWp-Xns\ Ipdnpw ]d-bmsX Ie-I-sf-p-dnpw Ah-bpsS m\-fpw
Ah-km-\s Zriy-am-hp Ie-I-sf-p-dnpw ]dp? ImcWw
lnem P\n DSs\ AXm-bXv 29/30 mw XnbXn lnem `qan-bnsem-cn-Spw ImWpI km[y-a-. Fm Ie-I Hmw XnbXn
apX 28/29mw XnbXn hsc-bp-Xv Ip-sImv ImWm Ign-bpw.
N{-e BZy-ambn ImWp-Xv Hmw Xnb-Xn-bm-sWv Aam\n auehn-bpsS X^vkodn-epw(36:39) hy-am-n-bn-p-v. Cn-s\-bp IeI-sf(-A-ln-)-A-h-bpsS a\m-kn-en(-m-\--fn) \nco-Ww
\Sn XnbXn \n-bn-m\pw Ie-I-fpsS Ah-km\w AYhm DPq\p JZow t\mn-v "Kpn'bmb(-Im-Wm-Xm-b) Znhkw amkm-hkm-\-ambpw IW-mn ASp Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn-bmbn \nbn-p coXn-bmWv \_n(-k)-]-Tn-n-n-p--Xv. CXmWv amk-n-dhn
kw_-nv \_n(-k)-bpsS kp-v. hn.-Jp. 2:189 Bb-ns\ hniZo-I-cnp sImv \_n(-k)-kz-lm-_-ns\ ]Tn-n-p. 107 ]c--c-I-fneqsS nc-s {]kvXpX lZokv {in-p-I.
""Amlp N{--e-Isf P\-v Xnb-Xn-Iv thn kwhn[m-\n-n-cn-p-p. Ah-bpsS Zriy-X-bpsS A-Sn-m-\-n \n
t\mp XpS-p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw sNp-I. Ah \nv
ad-bv-s-m 30 Bbn IW-m-p-Ibpw sNp-I.''
Cu lZo-kn Aln-(-I-e-I) Fm-Wp--Xv. Fm aZo-\nbpsS ]pkvXI
-
- n(-t]Pv 17) N{-e
- sb Im(-ln-em) FmWv
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-X
- v. CXmWv `nn-ns ASn-m-\i
- ne lnem Fv
Fn-s\-bmWv Aln-sb amn--d-bm Ign-bp-I. ]WvUn-Xamv
28

]nb `mjm-]c
- a
- mb A_-[
- m-cW Xncp-p-I. \_n(-k)-Jp-B ]cnN-b-s-Sp-p-I-bm-Wv. Jp-B-\nepw lZo-knepw Aln Fm-Wp-Xv. Aln-sb t\mp-Xv Fm Znh-k-hp-am-Wv. lnem Fm
BZys 7 Znh-ks Ie-bpsS cq]s ]d-bp t]cm-Wv. AXv
29 se Iep am{Xw ]d-bp t]c-. Ah-km-\s 7 Znh-ks
Ie-Ipw lnem BIr-Xn-bm-Wv. AXn-\m Ah-tbm-tcmpw
lnem-em-Wv. Aln Fv ]d-bp-tm Ch apgp-h\pw Hmbn ]dbp t]cm-Wv. 29mw XnbXn aKvcn_nv \_n(-k)-ln-em t\mn-bXmbn bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-. Fm N{--e-I(-A-ln-) t\mnb-Xmbn sXfn-hppXm-\pw. iAv_m amks Aln {]tXyIw
t\mn-b-Xmbpw iAv_m Ah-km-\s \msem Atm Znhkw
kqva-ambn t\mn-b-Xmbpw A_q-Zm-hqZv dntmv sNbvX lZoknepXmbn aZo-\n-bpsS injy tUm: kmPnZv Fgp-Xnb ]pkvX-In D-cn-n-cn-p-p. kmPn-Zn\v Jp-B\pw lZokpw ]d-p-sImSp-p-Xn Hcm aZo-\n-bm-sWpw Snbm F-gp-Xn-bn-p-v. \_n(k)-]-e-tmgpw Ncn-p-In-S-v BIm-i-tv t\mm-dp-m-bncpsv lZo- k p- I - f n- e p- v . Npcp- - n N{- e \nco- Ww(Observation) \Sp-Xn\v [mcmfw sXfn-hp-If
- p-v. Fm 29mw
\p aKvcn_nv "Nt{m-Zbw(?)' t\m-p GmSv \_n(-k)-bpsS kp-. Ah-km-\s 4 Znhkw t\mp-Xv ]Sn-m-d Ing-m-Wv.
aZo-\b
- n \np sXtm-p-Xn-cnp \nv kp_vlv \a-kvIc
- nv kemw
hop-tm lnem ImWp-p. Hcp Znhkw ImWm-Xm-hp-p. ASp
Znhkw Hmw Xnb-Xn. Av kyv Hmw Xnb-Xn-bpsS lnem
ImWp-p. XpSv Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ie-I \nco-Ww \Sn
XnbXn \n-bn-p-p. Cu coXn-bmWv \_n-(k) ]Tn-n-n-p--Xv.
a) 29mw XnXbn \yqaq kw`-hn-p Znh-k-am-Wv. Av lnem
Dm-hp-I-bn-s-m-Wtm \n-fpsS hmZw. Fn ]ns \_n(-k)
lnem t\mn F hmZ-n\v Fv AY-amWv \n Iev]n-p-Xv.
b) \_n(-k)29mw XnbXn aKvcn_v ka-bv lnem t\mn-bXmbn sXfn-hn-. Btc-sb-nepw Npa-X-e-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbpw sXfn-hn.
c) aKvcn_v ka-bv lnem t\m-W-sa-n Pam-Av \akvImcw \on-sh-bvp-I-tbm, t\mm t]mIp Bfp-Iv PamAv \a-kvImcw Cfhp \Ip-Itbm thWw. An-s\-sbmcp "_m_v'
^nJvlns InXm-_p-I-fn-en-. Fp-sImv? 29mw \p kyv Ie
t\m \_n-Ncy AmXpsImv?
d) \nm-c-amb Imcy-v hsc {]Xn-^ew \IpXmb \_nh-N\
-
- f
- p-v. Fm amkw ImWm t]mIp-h
- p {]Xn-^ew
F{X-bm-sWv \_n(-k)-]-d-n-ptm? C, Fp-sImv? Ans\-sbmcp k{-Zmbw Ckveman-en-m-Xp-sIm-v.
29

e) IS-c-bn "amkw ImW' tIc-fo-b-cpsS am{Xw coXn-bmWv. Ing-p-`m-Kv IS-ep-h


- Ic-`m-Kt- -mWp t\mt-X
- v. tIcf-n Fp-sImv Ing- taJ-e-bn Ie-Im-Wp-n-. ncambn ImmSv am{Xw ImWp-p. CXn-setm A]m-I-X-bnt?
f) 4 ew In.-ao- AI-se-bp N{-e t\mn-bm tIc-fnse Hcp ]pg-bp-tStbm tXmSn-s-tbm, As-n `c-W-ku-I-cyn\v \n-bn Hcp sNv t]mns Ap-dhpw Cp-dhpw cv Znhk-nte ImWp-I-bp-q-shv ]d-bm FmWp sXfnhv?
g) lnPvd Ie- PqX Ie--dm-sWv A_vZp laoZv aZo\n
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p. At-l-ns ]pkvXI {]Im-i\ NS-n
CXtlw {]kw-Kn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. aue-hnv PqX-I-e-dpw
Ckvem-anI I-e-dpw Xn-ep hyXym-k-sa-m-sWv t]mepw Adnbn-. PqX Ie--dn amk-v 29, 30, 29, 30 Fn-s\ CS-hnv
Znh-k- \nn-X-am-Wv. Ckveman A-s\-b-. CkvemanI Ie-dn Hcp hj-nv 12 amk-am-Wv. PqX-I-e--dn 3 hjw IqSptm Hcp amkw IqSp-X-ep-mhpw. PqX Ie--dn kqcym-kvX-a-bn-p-apv \yqaq kw`-hn-m amkw amdpw. CkvemanI Ie-dn ^P-dnp apmWv \yqaq-sW-n amk-amw \S-pw. aZo-\n-bpsS
]pkvXI {]Im-i-\-np tijw At-l-ns hon sNv Atl-ns ssIh-i-ap Ie--dns Cs\v tImn ImWn-psImv ta Imcyw hni-Z-am-n-bn-p--Xm-Wv. Fnpw Atlw Xncpm Xm-d-.
h) N{ 28 aWvU-e- k-cn tijw \yqaq Fm-amkhpw kw`-hn-p-sav auehn FgpXn Ip. At-l-n\v tPymXn
imkv{X-hpw(Astronomy) tPymXn-jhpw (Astrology) Xn-ep hyXymkw
Fm-sWp a\-n-em-bn-n- F-XmWv CXv sXfn-bn-p-X
- v. tPymXnj-n 28 aWvU-e-(-cm-in-I) \n-bn-n-cn-p-p. N{ Hcp
\-{X-np t\sc \npw XpSn AtX \-{X-np t\sc
Fm 27:33 Znhkw aXn. Hmtcm Znh-khpw N{ Hmtcm \-{Xnp t\sc Fp--Xn-\m {]kvXpX Znhkw B \-{X-ns
t]cn Adn-b-s-Sp-p. CXmWp tPymXn-j-nse cmin-I. Fm
N{ kqcy\p t\sc \npw XpSn hopw kqcyp t\sc Fm
29:5 Znhkw thWw. CXmWv Ckvemw AwKo-I-cn amkw. CXn
\-{X-v m\-an-. N{ kqcyp t\sc-sb-p-tm Dmhp {]Ir-Xn-bnse al-mb AS-bm-f-am-Wv \yqaq CkvemanI
amkw \yqaq apX XpSn ASp \yqaq-Wn Ah-km-\n-p-p.
CXw-Ko-I-cn-m {]bm-k-apXpsIm-mtWm auehn \_n(-k)-hntcm-[n tPymXn-js Iqp-]n-Sn-p--Xv.
i) Ad-^-bn shv \_n(-k)v ]mep-sIm-Sp kw`-hs lmPnamv Ad^ t\mptm F-dn-bm-\mWv kzlm-_v {ian--sXv
Zphym-Jym\w sNbvXp-I-p. Hcp kwibw; aphjw A_q_(30

d)-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n lv sNbvX-tm Ad^ t\mns\ kw_nv \_n(-k) Hpw Xs ]dpsImSp-n-cp-nt? \_n(-k)A-XmXp ka-bv Bh-iy-amb D]-tZiw \In-bn-cpp FXmWv
apkvenwI-fpsS hnizm-kw.
j) cp aue-hn-amcpw i_m_pw IqSn F\n-s-Xn-cn Kpcp-X-camb Hcm-tcm-]Ww D-bn-n-cn-p-p. Fs teJ-\-nse Hcp `mKw
D-cn-p-sImv aue-hn-am ""BSns\ ]n-bm-p-'' X{w {]tbm-Knp--Xv {in-p-I.
""tNmZyw tNmZn-Xv Hcp PqX-\m-W-tm. Da-dn(-d)s adp-]Sn ap-h-tcmSv ]d-bp-tm, PqX-hn-izm-khpw AXn Ien-p-mhpw'' F
Fs teJ-\-nse ]cm-aiw D-cn-p-sImv aue-hn-am Fgp-Xn.
""alm-\m-b, \_n(-k)-bpsS hew ssIbmbn {]hn Da ^mdqJn(-d) PqXm-bnkw Iep Fp ]d-bm t]mepw Ch ImWn
[mjvSyw Ipdp IS ssIbm-bn-tm-bn.'' Hcp PqX Da(-d)-tbmSv
Hcp tNmZyw tNmZn-p. Da(-d)AXnp adp-]Sn ]d-p. B adp-]Sn
PqX ap--h-tcmSv Gp ]d-p. AXn PqX Xs hoWw
Ien-bn-p-mhmw FmWv Rms\-gp-Xn-b-Xv.(-A-Sn-h-c-bn `mKw
{in-p-I). hfsc efn-X-amb Hcp hmN-Is C-c-n ZphymJym\w sNp-sa-n as-smw Cns\ Zphym-Jym\w sNbvXnp-mhpw? PqXs Dt-i-ipn IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-t--Xn-s? Ckvemw
]qn-bm-b-Xn-ep ktm-j-amtWm PqX-p-Xv? Xs aXw
]qn-bm-hm--Xn Snbmp ktm-j-amtWm DXv? ta PqX
Ckvemw kzoI-cn-n-ptm? C_veokns Ip-X{w Xncn-d
- n-bW
- s
- at
Rm Dt-in-n-p-q. Am-lp(-kp.-X)-\s Fm-h-scbpw Impc-n-p-am-dm-I-s.
Npcp-
- n 29mw XnbXn kyv Ie t\mp coXn CkvemanI-a-. Ie-I t\mn Xnb-Xn-I \n-bn-p coXnbmWp--Xv.
B[p-\nI bpK-n skns Awiw-hsc IrXy-ambn IW-mm Ign-bp--Xn-\m ImWp--Xn-t\-m IrXyX IW-n e`np-X
- n-\m AXv Am-lp-hn \nv e`n Adnhv BI-bm BbXv
kzoI-cnv IrXy-ambn Bcm-[-\-I \S-t--Xm-Wv. ta IWv
\yqaq-Wn \nmWv e`n-p-X
- v. \yqaq-Wns IWv kzoI-cnv IrXyambn Ime-\nWbw \S- apkvenwI-fpsS _m[y-X-bm-Wv. AXnv
C\nbpw Aam-np \nt--Xn-. Fm {]hn-Ifpw Nn-Ifpw
XmXv]-cy-fpw hnNm-cW sN-s-Spw. Xo.

31

e) IS-c-bn "amkw ImW' tIc-fo-b-cpsS am{Xw coXn-bmWv. Ing-p-`m-Kv IS-ep-h


- Ic-`m-Kt- -mWp t\mt-X
- v. tIcf-n Fp-sImv Ing- taJ-e-bn Ie-Im-Wp-n-. ncambn ImmSv am{Xw ImWp-p. CXn-setm A]m-I-X-bnt?
f) 4 ew In.-ao- AI-se-bp N{-e t\mn-bm tIc-fnse Hcp ]pg-bp-tStbm tXmSn-s-tbm, As-n `c-W-ku-I-cyn\v \n-bn Hcp sNv t]mns Ap-dhpw Cp-dhpw cv Znhk-nte ImWp-I-bp-q-shv ]d-bm FmWp sXfnhv?
g) lnPvd Ie- PqX Ie--dm-sWv A_vZp laoZv aZo\n
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-p. At-l-ns ]pkvXI {]Im-i\ NS-n
CXtlw {]kw-Kn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. aue-hnv PqX-I-e-dpw
Ckvem-anI I-e-dpw Xn-ep hyXym-k-sa-m-sWv t]mepw Adnbn-. PqX Ie--dn amk-v 29, 30, 29, 30 Fn-s\ CS-hnv
Znh-k- \nn-X-am-Wv. Ckveman A-s\-b-. CkvemanI Ie-dn Hcp hj-nv 12 amk-am-Wv. PqX-I-e--dn 3 hjw IqSptm Hcp amkw IqSp-X-ep-mhpw. PqX Ie--dn kqcym-kvX-a-bn-p-apv \yqaq kw`-hn-m amkw amdpw. CkvemanI Ie-dn ^P-dnp apmWv \yqaq-sW-n amk-amw \S-pw. aZo-\n-bpsS
]pkvXI {]Im-i-\-np tijw At-l-ns hon sNv Atl-ns ssIh-i-ap Ie--dns Cs\v tImn ImWn-psImv ta Imcyw hni-Z-am-n-bn-p--Xm-Wv. Fnpw Atlw Xncpm Xm-d-.
h) N{ 28 aWvU-e- k-cn tijw \yqaq Fm-amkhpw kw`-hn-p-sav auehn FgpXn Ip. At-l-n\v tPymXn
imkv{X-hpw(Astronomy) tPymXn-jhpw (Astrology) Xn-ep hyXymkw
Fm-sWp a\-n-em-bn-n- F-XmWv CXv sXfn-bn-p-X
- v. tPymXnj-n 28 aWvU-e-(-cm-in-I) \n-bn-n-cn-p-p. N{ Hcp
\-{X-np t\sc \npw XpSn AtX \-{X-np t\sc
Fm 27:33 Znhkw aXn. Hmtcm Znh-khpw N{ Hmtcm \-{Xnp t\sc Fp--Xn-\m {]kvXpX Znhkw B \-{X-ns
t]cn Adn-b-s-Sp-p. CXmWp tPymXn-j-nse cmin-I. Fm
N{ kqcy\p t\sc \npw XpSn hopw kqcyp t\sc Fm
29:5 Znhkw thWw. CXmWv Ckvemw AwKo-I-cn amkw. CXn
\-{X-v m\-an-. N{ kqcyp t\sc-sb-p-tm Dmhp {]Ir-Xn-bnse al-mb AS-bm-f-am-Wv \yqaq CkvemanI
amkw \yqaq apX XpSn ASp \yqaq-Wn Ah-km-\n-p-p.
CXw-Ko-I-cn-m {]bm-k-apXpsIm-mtWm auehn \_n(-k)-hntcm-[n tPymXn-js Iqp-]n-Sn-p--Xv.
i) Ad-^-bn shv \_n(-k)v ]mep-sIm-Sp kw`-hs lmPnamv Ad^ t\mptm F-dn-bm-\mWv kzlm-_v {ian--sXv
Zphym-Jym\w sNbvXp-I-p. Hcp kwibw; aphjw A_q_(30

d)-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n lv sNbvX-tm Ad^ t\mns\ kw_nv \_n(-k) Hpw Xs ]dpsImSp-n-cp-nt? \_n(-k)A-XmXp ka-bv Bh-iy-amb D]-tZiw \In-bn-cpp FXmWv
apkvenwI-fpsS hnizm-kw.
j) cp aue-hn-amcpw i_m_pw IqSn F\n-s-Xn-cn Kpcp-X-camb Hcm-tcm-]Ww D-bn-n-cn-p-p. Fs teJ-\-nse Hcp `mKw
D-cn-p-sImv aue-hn-am ""BSns\ ]n-bm-p-'' X{w {]tbm-Knp--Xv {in-p-I.
""tNmZyw tNmZn-Xv Hcp PqX-\m-W-tm. Da-dn(-d)s adp-]Sn ap-h-tcmSv ]d-bp-tm, PqX-hn-izm-khpw AXn Ien-p-mhpw'' F
Fs teJ-\-nse ]cm-aiw D-cn-p-sImv aue-hn-am Fgp-Xn.
""alm-\m-b, \_n(-k)-bpsS hew ssIbmbn {]hn Da ^mdqJn(-d) PqXm-bnkw Iep Fp ]d-bm t]mepw Ch ImWn
[mjvSyw Ipdp IS ssIbm-bn-tm-bn.'' Hcp PqX Da(-d)-tbmSv
Hcp tNmZyw tNmZn-p. Da(-d)AXnp adp-]Sn ]d-p. B adp-]Sn
PqX ap--h-tcmSv Gp ]d-p. AXn PqX Xs hoWw
Ien-bn-p-mhmw FmWv Rms\-gp-Xn-b-Xv.(-A-Sn-h-c-bn `mKw
{in-p-I). hfsc efn-X-amb Hcp hmN-Is C-c-n ZphymJym\w sNp-sa-n as-smw Cns\ Zphym-Jym\w sNbvXnp-mhpw? PqXs Dt-i-ipn IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-t--Xn-s? Ckvemw
]qn-bm-b-Xn-ep ktm-j-amtWm PqX-p-Xv? Xs aXw
]qn-bm-hm--Xn Snbmp ktm-j-amtWm DXv? ta PqX
Ckvemw kzoI-cn-n-ptm? C_veokns Ip-X{w Xncn-d
- n-bW
- s
- at
Rm Dt-in-n-p-q. Am-lp(-kp.-X)-\s Fm-h-scbpw Impc-n-p-am-dm-I-s.
Npcp-
- n 29mw XnbXn kyv Ie t\mp coXn CkvemanI-a-. Ie-I t\mn Xnb-Xn-I \n-bn-p coXnbmWp--Xv.
B[p-\nI bpK-n skns Awiw-hsc IrXy-ambn IW-mm Ign-bp--Xn-\m ImWp--Xn-t\-m IrXyX IW-n e`np-X
- n-\m AXv Am-lp-hn \nv e`n Adnhv BI-bm BbXv
kzoI-cnv IrXy-ambn Bcm-[-\-I \S-t--Xm-Wv. ta IWv
\yqaq-Wn \nmWv e`n-p-X
- v. \yqaq-Wns IWv kzoI-cnv IrXyambn Ime-\nWbw \S- apkvenwI-fpsS _m[y-X-bm-Wv. AXnv
C\nbpw Aam-np \nt--Xn-. Fm {]hn-Ifpw Nn-Ifpw
XmXv]-cy-fpw hnNm-cW sN-s-Spw. Xo.

31

Biw-kI
- t- fm-sS...

H-{]Xn 15/-
hjw 60/
cp hjw 100/
hntZiw Hcphjw 250/
hntZiw cphjw 500/

kXyw, \oXn, {]mam-WnIw


\njv] CkvemanI hmb-\v
kwL-S-\m-XoXw
]WvUn-Xpw km[m-cW
-
- mpw

A^\m
hmbn-p-I, {]N-cn-n-p-I, hcn-m-cm-hpI
The Manager
AL FANAR
P.O.Farook College, Kozhikode - 673 632
Ph: 0495 - 2441429, 9446258195
Chequ/D.D: A/c No: Koyakutty Farooqui 1496 SMG Bank, Ramanattukara

Ckvemanse Fm hnj-b-fpw ssIImcyw sNpp

You might also like