Original Title:

Physics
Principles and Problems
By:
Paul W. Zitzewitz
Todd George Elliott
David G. Haase
Kathleen A. Harper
Michael R. Herzog
Jane Bray Nelson
Jim Nelson
Charles A. Schuler
Margaret K. Zorn

www.macmillanmh.com

English Edition Copyright 2009 the McGrawHill CompaniesInc

All rights reserved
Arabic Edition is published by Obeikan under agreement with
The McGrawHill CompaniesInc 2008

. :


1
8 .................................
1-1 9 .................................

1-2 14 ..............................

34 ............................
2-1 35 ..............

2-2 43 ....................

.

.

.

.

.

34

3
68 .................................
3-1 69 .............
3-2 80 ......................

4
96 ......
4-1 97 .......................
4-2 107 ....................

5
125 ..................

5-1 : 126 ........................

5-2 134 .........

6
154 ....................
6-1 155....
163 ...
6-2

183
214
217
182




.

.







.





.
-

-
.

1-1 Electric Charge

.1
.2
.3

N
JJ K
K LL M
M N

II

A
A B
B CC D
D EE FF G
G H
H

15-20 )
( .
.

.

.

.
.

)(

1752


.

.

.



.

.
.

)(


.

. )(
.
9

Charged Objects

.
.1-1

.

1-1

.

.

)( . ""


.

5 mm
8-12 cm .


.

.

.
.

.
.
.

10

. 1-2a

.
.


.


.
B T .

.

.


.
.1-2b
.

. .

.


.

B
.
T .

.
.

.

.
.

: . .
.

1-2
a

A Microscopic View of Charge

. . . 1897
.

1909 1911 - -
.
.

11

 1-3

+
-+b
+- ++

+
+
+
+
+
+

- +

.
.
.

12

.

.1-3

.

.

.
.
.

Conductors and Insulators

.
.

.
.

.
.
.
.

+
+
+
+

+
+

+
+

+
+

1-4

a
b

.
. 1-4
. . -
- .

. - -
. .

1-1
.1

.2

.3

.4

B T


.




.

.5

.6

.7

.



.

www.obeikaneduction.com

13

 1-2 Electric Force

.


.

.


.

1-5

.
. .
.

1760 .
.
.
.

Forces on Charged Bodies

.1-5

.
.

.


.

:
: .
.
.
.

++
+ ++++++
---- --- -

14

------- ---- --- -

++
+ ++ +++
+ ++ ++ +

. 1-6
.

.
1-7a


.

.

1-7b
.1-7c

.

.



.
.

.

.
.
.

.
c

+ + +
+ ++ +
+ +
+
+ ++ +
+
------

----- - ---- - -

--- -- --- - -----

-- - -- - --------

1-6

1-7

a


b

b
--

-----

--- -- - --- - -- ----

15

+ - - -+
+-+
+
+
+
-+- - -+ + ++
+ + -+---+
+ +

1-8

a
b

c

++

++

++

+
+ ++

+
+ ++

16

+
+ ++

-- - -- - ---b
- -+-- -+ + +
+ ++ ++ +- - --++ -+-+ +
+ + --- -

+
+
+
--++ --+
+ - - ++-- - - + -+- + - +++
-- + +--+

. 500,000 km/h
.

.1-8a 1-8b


) ( .

.1-8c .

-

-- - +
+ - - -
---
------ +++++
++- -+
+ + .


+
-
-+-
--+
.

------- - -++-- +++++

- +++
---
+
+
+
+++
+
+++- -+


1-9a )(
---
)( --
.

.1-9b ------ -

- -
.1-9c

 ++++ - -++ - -

++

----- --

+++++
+

--- --

+
+ ++

.

.


.

-------

Coulombs Law

.
.


1785 1-10
A ` A .
B A

.
q qA : .qB

.
) ( A B
A
r .

A
.

1-9

b



c

1-10
A
A B

BA

F __2
1
r

17

J K L M N


K L
M N

.1

.2

.3

.4
.5

.6

.

A B C
A
B
C D E
F G
H I
.B C B
A B C D E F G H I J

B.
B B .A
B r A B
A B
.
F qA qB

qA qB r
.
qA qB
___
r2

.


.

SI .C
6.241018
.
1.610-19 C

5 C .25 C -
- 106 C


.
10 -9 C
.
qA
qB r :

___q
q
A B
r2

F=K

K .9.0109 N.m2/C2

18

FA B

FB A
+

b
B

FB A

FA B

FB A

FA B

1-11

qA qB
A
B
q FA B
FB
A

.qA

B


.
+


.




.

.

. A B

.1-11a
B

.1-11b

.
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
.4 .
.5 . .
.6

19

1
A +6.0 C 4.0 cm
B -3.0 C :
.a B .A
.b C +1.5 C A 3.0 cm
A
1

FA C

.
.


.

? = B FA
qA=+6.0 C
rAB= 4.0 cm
? = C FA
qB=-3.0 C
rAC= 3.0 cm
? = F
qC=+1.5 C

FA B

rAB

qB

+y

qA

rAC

+x

qC
C

.a B .A
qAqB

___ = K
r
2

qB=3.0 C qA=6.0 C

AB

)(6.0 10-6 C) (3.0 10-6 C

(4.0 10-2 m)2

B FA

m
__=(9.0 109 N.
___________________ )
C
2

rAB = 4.0 cm

= 1.0 102 N
A B B A .
.b C .A

qAqC

___ = K
r
2

qA=6.0 C qc=1.5 C

AC

)(6.0 10-6 C) (1.5 10-6 C

(3.0 10-2 m)2

C FA

m
__= (9.0 109 N.
___________________ )
C
2

rAC=3.0 cm

= 9.0 101 N
A C . C A .

20

 B FA C FA F .A
C

B = 1.0 102 N FA
C = 9.0 101 N FA

__________
B+ F 2A = F 2AF

_______________________

= (1.0 102 N)2+ (9.0 101 N)2

= 130 N
FA

____ =  tan
F
C

BA

= 1.0 102 N
= 9.0 101 N

B
C

FA

FA

FA

BA

____ ( = tan-1
)
F
9.0 10 N
________( = tan-1
)
1.0 10 N
= 42
=130 N, 42F
1

.
( N.m2/C2) (C) (C)/m2= N)
.
.

.8
.9
.10
.11

.12

0.30 m 210-4 C
.8.010-4 C
-6.010-6 C 65 N
0.05 m
1 B +3.0 C
.A
A + 2.010-6 C
B -3.610-6 C +0.60 cm
.x C + 4.010-6 C
+0.80 cm .x .A
.B

21



.


.

.

.

.
.

Applications of Electrostatic Forces

1-12

.

.

.
.
1-12

22

 m +q .r
q .
.1
.
r
.2
.
q
m=
m=
.3 1.50 kg
q=
q=

.

1-2
.13

.14

.15

.16

.17

:
.a .
.b .

.18

.19

.20

A B
.r A +3 C
B +9 C
A B
B .A



1

__ r
r
.


. .
2

www.obeikaneduction.com

23

.


.

15 cm

.


.
:
PVC




.

N
K LL M
M N
JJ K

II

A B
B CC D
D EE FF
G H
H
A
G
.1

.2

24

.
.

(1) :

(2) .

.

.3

.4

.5

.


.

.1

.2

.3
.4
.5

1
)(+-0
)(+-0

2
)(+-0

.1
.2
.3
.4

.



.

.
.

.



.

obeikaneducation.com

25

Spacecraft and Static Electricity

PCU

26

1-1

)(

1-2

Electric Charge

:
.
.
.


.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Electric Force

.
.

.
.

.

qq
.
___ F = K
A B

r2

: .
SI . C
6.241018 .
.1.610-19 C

27


.21

.29

: .

.30

.31

.32

.33

.22

.23
.24
.25
.26
.27

.28

.
.

.

.




.
.

.34

.35

.
.

.

:
.a .
.b .

.1-13

mm

qq

A
B
____ F=G
2

A B
A qB
= FF
___K}q
}2
5 K

qB

qA

mB

) 1-13 (
C2015A845813
Final

28

mA

.36
.37

.38

.39

.40

K
G .

A B
B A .
B
.A
A
A B
.r B
.A
A

0.145 N
.





.
.

.42
.43
.44
.45

.46

.47

25 C

1.510-10 m
2.510-5 C
.15 cm

+810-5 C +310-5 C 2.4102 N
.

6.410-9 N

3.810-10 m .
3.0 C
.1-14
-2.0 C
0.05 m
-4.0 C 0.030 m

4.0 C

.41

qA qB r
.F

:
.a qA.
.b qA qB .
.c r .
.d r .
.e qA r.

0.030 m

1-2

3.0 C

.48

2.0 C

0.050 m

1-14

1-15

.16 cm
0.28 N

3q

+
16 cm

1-15

29

.49

:
.a
5 g 75%
25%
.62 g

.b

.28.75
.c .

.55 3.510-10 N

.56

.57

.50 1.210-5 C
0.15 m

.51

.52

.53

.54

30

5.310-11 m

.
0.36 N
2.4 C 5.5 cm
.


.12 cm 0.28 N


3.610-8 C 1.4 cm
.
2.710-2 N

.58

A
+64 C
B -16 C
+1.00 m .x :
.a C
+12 C

.b C
+6 C

.c -12 C

.1-16
.B
+4.5 C

-8.2 C
+x

+y

4.0 cm

3.0 cm
+6.0 C

1-16
C20-13A-845813
Final

.59

1-17
1.0 g

.3.0 cm

30.0

:
Fg .a .
FE .b .
.c .
30.0

.61

.62

.

.
.


0 C4 C
.0 C
.

FE

.63 2.010 C8.010 C

-5

9.0 N
.

3.0 cm

.60

1-17

-6

q A
qT
. +7.2 C qA
3.6 C 2.5 cm
q T 35
qB -6.6 C
6.8 cm :125
.a
.qT
.b .
.c
.qT
qB

31

.4

:
.1

.2

.3

7.510-11 C
7.510-11 A
2.110-9 B
1.2108 C
4.7108 D
5.010-9 C
4 cm
8.410-5 N
4.210-13 C A
2.010-9 C B
3.010-9 C C
6.010-5 C D
A B C

B
78 N A A
78 N B C
130 N C A
210 N D C

.5

24 N A

14 N B
86 N C
.6

6.4 10

3.1 10

B
2.9 cm

2.7102 N C

8.5 10
A

4.2 cm

8.1102 N D

3.210-19 C


1 A

4.8107 B

2.31015 C

32

90 N

30 N B

4.

5.2102 N D

10 N A

.7
6

4.81010
3.310-30 C A
4.810-10 C B
7.710-9 C C
4.81010 C D

.86 N

3.11035 D

6.6810-27 kg

.8

.9

..........
A
B
C
D



.-8.910-14 C
25 C 2 km

8.910-15 N A
5.010-9 N B
2.210-12 N C
5.6104 N D


.10

C AB



A FC B FC F

6.4 10
C

m
)y (m
A

2.0 C

)x (m

0.30

4.0 C
C 0.40

2.0 C

0.30

.


.

33