FSK-MSK

. .

 - FSK
:

i (t ) = T cos(2f i t ) 0 t T
0,

, i = 1,2,,N

:
1.
2.

cos( 2f i t ) cos( 2f j t ) = 0, i j

cos( 2f i t ) cos( 2f j t + ) = 0,

i j,

fi =

k +i
2T

fi =

k + i (.)
T

. .

(.)

 FSK
:
sj

si ( t ) s j ( t ) = 2 si ( t ) = 2 s j ( t ) = 2 E

d= 2E
E

1. MFSK:

si

E
M 1

Pe
erfc
2
2 No
E

2. MFSK:

M 1 2 No
Pe
e
2

. .

 MFSK
0

log( Pe )
-1
-2
-3
-4

M= 16 8 4
-5
-6
-7
-8

-5

10

15

20

E b / N o (db )
,

. .

 (BFSK)
2E

si ( t ) = T cos( 2f i t ) 0 t T
0,

, i=1,2

(& ) :
f i = ( k 0.5) / T

0.5/T

f1

fc

f2

2E
cos(2f 2t )
Td

2E
sin( 2f 2t )
Td
,

. .

 BFSK
0

BFSK:

log( Pe )
-1

E
1

Pe = erfc
2
2No

BFSK
-2

BFSK
-3

BPSK

-4

A BFSK:
E

1 2 No
Pe = e
2

-5
-6
-7
-8
-5

10

15

E b / N o ( db )

. .

20

 BFSK
2E

2
cos(
f
t

t) 0 t T
c
s( t ) = si ( t nT ), si ( t ) = T
T
n =
0,

~
s (t ) =

n =

2E
(t nT )
T n

E
~~
(
f
)
=
ss
2T

n (t ) = e

t
T

= cos

t
T

j sin

t
T

1
1
8 E cos 2 (Tf )

( f 2T ) + ( f + 2T ) + 2 ( 4T 2 f 2 1) 2

. .

 BFSK (.)
, BFSK, fc=4/T, f1-f2=1/T
20

db/Hz
-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

10

(x 1/ )
,

12

14

16

. .

 4-FSK
, 4-FSK, fc=8/T, fi-fi-1=1/T
20

db/Hz
-20

-40

-60

-80

-100
0

10

15

20

(x 1/ )
,

25

30

. .

E (MSK)
BFSK
2E
k 1

n = 0
+ n ,
cos 2t
si (t ) =
4T
T

2E
t
2kt

cos
+ n (t ) , n (t ) = n
+ n , n = 1, n = 0
2T
T
T

(n 1)T < t nT
s(t ) =

mod 2 [ n 1 + ], n 1 n < 0 cos n 1 ( nT ) = 0

n =

n 1 ,
,

. .

 & MSK

xn
n

(t)

()

-1

-1

()

()

3
2

2
0

()

bI1= 1

bI2= -1

bI4= -1

bI3= -1

bI5= -1

bI6= 1

bI7= 1

sI(t)

()

sI(t).
cos2fct

sI (t ) = cos( (t )) = bI (t ) cos(

t
2T

()
bQ1= 1

bQ2= 1

sQ(t)

bQ3= -1

bQ4= -1

bQ5= 1

bQ6= 1

bQ7= 1

()

sQ(t).
sin2fct

()

s(t)

()
0

2T

3T

4T

5T

6T

sQ (t ) = sin( (t )) = bQ (t ) sin(

7T

. .

t
2T

QPSK OQPSK
b I (t)
b0

b2

b4
b6
T 2T 3T 4T 5T 6T 7T

b n (t)
b0
0

b2

b7

b 3 b4 b5 b 6
T 2T 3T 4T 5T 6T 7T
b1

1 cos(2f t+/4)
c
2

1 sin(2f t+/4)
c
2

b Q(t)
b1
0

b7

b5

b3

T 2T 3T 4T 5T 6T 7T

b I (t)
b0
0

b2

b6

b4

3T

5T

b1

b3

b5

7T

b Q(t)
0

2T

4T

b7
6T

. .

 MSK

si ( t ) =
1 (t ) =

2 (t ) =

E [bI ( t ) 1 ( t ) + bQ ( t ) 2 ( t )]

2
t
cos cos(2f c t ) ,
2T
T

2
t
sin sin(2f c t ) ,
2T
T

1, n = 0
bI ( t ) =
,

,
=

1
n

T t T

0 t 2T
-

bQ ( t ) = bI ( t ) n

bI , bQ
, .

,

. .

 MSK
BPF
f+

cos ( 2f c t +

t
)
2T +

cos(t/2T)

cos2f ct
BPF
f-

(t)

cos ( 2f c t

+
t
)
2T

b I(t)

bQ(t)

(t)
2

1(t)

yd

(2k+1)T

dt

si (t)+w(t)

t=(2k+1)T

-1

(2k+2)T
2kT

b I (t)

(2k-1)T

2 (t)

MSK

yq

dt

t=(2k+2)T

()

-1

bQ (t)

. .

 MSK

MSK

BPF
2f+

cos(2f c t +

t
2T

(t)

( )2
BPF
2fE
t

+
f
t
1
cos(
4

c
n

T
T
=0

(t)

LPF
f + - f- clock (1/2T)
cos(2f c t

t
2T

. .

 MSK
s(t)

QAM

QAM
cos

fc

cos

fc

sin

sin

LPF

sI (t)

LPF

sQ (t)

sin

cos

2nT

2nT

.cos(/2)

.sin(/2)

(t)

( 2 n +1)T

( 2 n 1)T

( 2 n + 2 )T

2 nT

y(t)

NRZ-polar

unipolar

b[n]= x 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 ...
/

a[n] = b [n] a[n 1]

b [ n] = a[n] a[ n 1]

a[n]= 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1

. .

 MSK

Pe ( MPSK )
-

d 1k
1 M

erfc

2 k =2
2 No

Eb

Pe erfc
No

. .

 MSK
16 E cos 2 (2fT )
~s ~s ( f ) = 2
(16 f 2T 2 1) 2
0
QPSK, 50% . .
-10
QPSK, .
-20

-30

MSK

-40

-50

-60
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

. .

 MSK

()

MSK, ()
10

/ (dB/Hz)

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

-80

-90
0

(x 1/T)
,

. .