:

5-1 : 5-1-1 : - : : 1 - () 3 - 2 - -

4 - 6 - pH 7 - )Electric Conductivity (EC ( 121 ) TDS 9 - ( 3) 3Ca CO 8 - 5 - NTU

11- ( 3) 3Ca CO 911

11- ( 3) 3Ca CO 21- () CL 31- 51- 61-

41- ( )Jar Test

3 3

81- / 1 : :

71- / 1

3 3

2 / 111
3

1 - 111 3 - 1

4 - 111 3 () - 1- NTu 3- mg/L 2- oC

4- E.C 5- (121 ) TDS 6 - 7 - pH

8 -- ( 3) )3Total Alkalinity (as Ca CO

121

11- ( 3) )3Total Hardness (as Ca CO 21- ( 3) ]2)3Temporary Hardness [Ca (Hco 31- () Ca 41- () Mg 11- ( 3) )4Permanent Hardness (Ca So

9 - ( 3) )3Alkalinity (as Ca CO

51- () CL 61- ( 4) 4SO 71- ( 2) 3Sio 81- () FL

12- ( 2) 2CO 22- ( ) Mn 12- () Fe

91- BODS

32- / Algal Counts / 1 mL

3

52- () 3Nitrogen as NH 62- ( ) 2Nitrogen as NO 72- () 3Nitrogen as NO - 1 - ) ( 3 - ) 2 - (

42- / 1

) Trihalomethane Prewrsors 4 - (

121

5-1-2 .

. - - - 6 . : Turbidity 5-1-2-1 . .

. . ( )Giardia (.)Cryptosporidium

. ( .)Nephelometric Turbidity Units( )NTU ). ( 12 ()NTU

. .

. ( ). . ( . ( ) ) 6 .

221

Temperature oC

5-1-2-2

Jar- test

5-1-2-3 )dose .

( Optimum

( )Jar Test ( ) 12 . : (). Jar Test . (5-1) 11 .

321

(5-1)

/ pH

: :-

1 2
3

NTU 6 / 3 4 5

/ /

ppm NTU /

Electric Conductivity

5-1-2-4

. . ( EC/ )Micro Mho/ cm )Total dissolved solids (TDS 5-1-2-5

. .

421

. . 5-1-2-6 pH

41 . 41 . 7 5.6 5.8 6 5.8.

- pH .

( ) ( ) pH 7 . 7 .

. 5-1-2-7

Total Alkalinity

. pH .

. 5-1-2-8

Total Hardness

. . . .

521

. / 3 : ( 1 57 / )

( 57 151 / ) (151 113 / ) > 113 /

5-1-2-9

Chlorides

. . . . Sulphates 5-1-2-11 .

. . . . 152 / . . . Silica 5-1-2-11

. 16 / .

. 11 /.

621

. 5-1-2-21

Fluorides

. . 1 / .( )Dental Fluorosis Dissolved Oxygen D.O 5-1-2-31 .

. 5Biological Oxygen Consumed BOD 5-1-2-41

. 5-1-2-51

)3Amonia (NH

5.1 / .

721

2Nitrite NO

5-1-2-61

. . 3Nitrate NO 5-1-2-71

. . 5-1-2-81 )(Fe

(2+) (3+)

. . 3.1 / . Gallionella .

5-1-2-91 )(Mn . . 5.1 /. . . . ( ) 5.1 111 . pH 2. 821

Algal Counts

5-1-2-12

. . . . . 5-1-2-12

Greeze and Oils

. 5-1-2-22

. .

921

5-1-3 ( ) ( ) + ( ) .

+ ( ) .5-1-4 5-1-4-1 5-1-1 5-1-2 . 5-1-4-2 : . . - 2 - pH 3 - -

3

- : .

1 - NTU

1 - 111
3

2 - 1

131

- 5-1-4-3 : . . - : 1 - NTU 3 - -
3

2 -

111 3

- 1

- 5-1-4- 4 : . . - : NTU -

( ) ( ). 131

. . -
3

111 3

- 1

- 5-1-4-5 : . - o ( ) ( ) pH NTU

( 3 ) ( 3 ) -

- ( )

231

- 1 - 111 . 2 - 1 . - . 5-1-4-6 . : - NTU pH -

3

1 - 111
3

2 - 1

- 5-1-5 : .Standard Methods for water and waste water examination, APHA :

331

5-2 .

112 3/

112 /

1114 / 112 /

1114/

PH ( ) Jar Test ( ) ) Sand Shaker Deionizer ( ) ( 152 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 12 12 22 32 42 52

( 152 ) ( 12-16 )

431

112 3/

:
112 / 1114 / 1114/ ( ) (111 1121 ) GLC 13 ECD FID 62 72 82 92 13

112 /

. .

531