Lancair Pilots Operating Handbook

Lancair Pilots Operating Handbook
Type IV-P
AIRCRAFT PARTICULARS
THIS AIRCRAFT MUST BE OPERATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE APPROVED DATA AND LIMITATIONS CONTAINED WITHIN THIS MANUAL AT ALL TIMES
Registration: _________________ Manufacturer: _________________ Aircraft Serial Number: _________________ Certification Categories: _________________
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Type IV-P
AMENDMENTS
Amendment Date Section Affected Pages Summary Signature
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Type IV-P
INTRODUCTION
This Operating Handbook has been prepared by Orbx Simulation Systems to resemble the approximate nature of a real world Pilots Operating Handbook for the Lancair IV-P It does not comply with the requirements of ATSM F2245 and therefore should under no circumstances be used for real world operations or training. This basic handbook provides essential Information, Limitations and Procedures required to operate the simulated version of the Lancair IV-P as a facsimile of a real world Experimental Aircraft. Additional specific Information is provided within the Supplements section of the handbook. The operating Procedures described herein are based on knowledge and experiences gained from various sources up to the date of issue or amendment issued. This handbook is NOT INTENDED AS A TRAINING MANUAL. It may be used for operating purposes only if amendments are supplied to date. It contains all the information considered required to operate the aircraft described in the aircraft Particulars safely. In Australia the operator must have the following endorsements and training to operate this aircraft. VFR Private Pilots License Constant Speed Propeller endorsement Retractable Landing Gear endorsement Pressurization endorsement Insert ARN and Details of endorsements here: __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ IFR Instrument Rating endorsement and all of the above Insert ARN and Details of endorsements here: __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Type IV-P
WARNINGS & CAUTIONS

Warning
FAILURE TO OPERATE THIS AIRCRAFT WITHIN THE SPECIFIED OPERATING ENVELOPE MAY RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH.
Warning
THIS AIRCRAFT DOES NOT COMPLY WITH VARIOUS BASIC MINIMUM FLIGHT REQUIREMENTS. THEREFORE IT DOES NOT BEHAVE IN THE SAME WAY THAT NORMAL CERTIFIED AIRCRAFT DO WHEN IN CONDITIONS CLOSE TO THE EDGE OF ITS NORMAL OPERATING ENVELOPE. NOTE THAT PUSHING THESE BOUNDARIES WILL LIKELY RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH.
Passenger Warning
THIS AIRCRAFT IS CERTIFIED UNDER AMATEUR BUILD CATEGORY. IT IS NOT BUILT TO THE SAME STANDARD AS FACTORY CERTIFIED AIRCRAFT. PERSONS ENTER THIS AIRCRAFT AT THEIR OWN RISK.
Caution
OPERATING PROCEDURES, TECHNIQUES ETC WHICH ARE NOT STRICTLY OBSERVED MAY RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT OR ITS INSTALLED EQUIPMENT
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Type IV-P
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND TERMINOLOGY

Symbols and Abbreviations
Symbol A AGL AMSL AVGAS BHP CASA CAO CAR C CHT cm DC FAA F FAR ft Ft/min g Gal hPa HF ICAO IFR IMC in In Hg In lbs ISA kg kg/l kHz Kts, K kPa kW l lb LH LHS
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Definition Ampere Above ground Level Above mean sea level Aviation Gasoline Brake Horse Power Civil Aviation Safety Authority (Australia) Civil Aviation Order (Australia) Civil Aviation Regulation Degrees Celsius Cylinder Head Temperature Centimeter, centimeters Direct Current Federal Aviation Administration (USA) Degrees Fahrenheit Federal Aviation Regulation (USA) foot, feet Feet per minute Acceleration due to gravity Gallon Hectopascal, hectopascals High Frequency International Civil Aviation Organization Instrument Flight Rules Instrument Meteorological Conditions Inch, inches Inches of mercury Inch pounds International standard atmosphere Kilogram Kilogram per litre Kilohertz knots kilopascals Kilowatt, kilowatts Litre, litres Pound, pounds Left hand Left hand side Sep 2010 Page | 6
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Symbol MOGAS nm OAT PAX POH PROP psi QTY qts RH RHS RON RPM SAE sec SQ STBY TBO T/O U/S USG, US Gal V VFR VHF VMC
Definition Automotive fuel Nautical mile Outside air temperature Passenger Pilots Operating Handbook Propeller Pounds per square inch Quantity Quarts Right hand Right hand side Research Octane Number Revolutions per minute Society of automotive engineers Seconds Square Standby Time between overhauls Takeoff Unserviceable US gallon Volts Visual flight rules Very high frequency Visual meteorological conditions
General Airspeed Terminology and Symbols

CAS Calibrated Airspeed: the indicated speed of an aircraft corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level Calibrated airspeed expressed in knots Indicated airspeed: The speed of an aircraft displayed on the aircraft indicator. IAS values used in this manual assume zero instrument error Indicated airspeed expressed in knots True airspeed: the airspeed of an aircraft relative to the undisturbed air through which it passes. Take off safety speed: the airspeed chosen to ensure control of the aircraft is within adequate levels after takeoff
KCAS IAS KIAS TAS T.O.S.S
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Type IV-P
VA VFE VNE VC VS VSO Vx Vy
Meteorological Terminology

Maneuvering speed: the maximum speed at which application of full available aerodynamic control will not damage or overstress the aircraft Maximum flap extend speed: the highest speed permissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. Never exceed Speed: the limiting airspeed that may not be exceeded Maximum structural cruising speed: The speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth air. Stalling speed: The speed at which the wing stops producing lift Stalling speed: The speed at which the wing stops producing lift in landing configuration Best angle of climb speed: the airspeed which results in the best gain in altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance Best rate of climb speed: the airspeed that results in the best gain in altitude in the shortest possible time.
Aircraft Performance and Flight Planning Terminology

OAT - Outside air temperature - the outside air static temperature Airfield Pressure Height- The height registered at the surface of an aerodrome with the pressure sub scale set to 1013 hPa or 29.92 in Hg. Pressure Altitude Altitude measured from a barometric altimeter corrected for position and instrument error from a setting of 1013 hPa or 29.92 in Hg. Indicated Pressure Altitude The altitude actually displayed by barometric altimeter when correctly set. QNH The local pressure setting that if set on the sub scale of an altimeter will result in the altimeter displaying the local altitude above mean sea level. Wind The wind velocities to be used as variables on aircraft performance.
Weight and balance Terminology

Climb Gradient The ratio of the change in height during a climb, to the horizontal distance travelled. Demonstrated Crosswind Component The crosswind component, during takeoff and landing, demonstrated during certification to determine the maximum allowable crosswind present while maintaining control over the aircraft. Datum An imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal distances are measured from for balance and design purposes. Station a location along the aircraft fuselage given in distance from the reference datum. Arm The horizontal distance from the reference datum to the centre of gravity of an item. Moment The product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm. Index Unit Moment divided by a constant. Used to simplify the calculation of balance information.
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C of G Arm the arm obtained by adding the aircrafts individual moments and dividing by the sum of the total weight. C of G Limits (MAC) The extreme centre of gravity locations of which the aircraft must be operated at a given weight, also known as the mean aerodynamic chord. Usable fuel The quantity of fuel available for flight planning purposes. Unusable Fuel The quantity of fuel that is not available for flight. Empty weight The weight of the aircraft with only unusable fuel and full oil on board. Useful Load The difference between takeoff weight and empty weight. Maximum takeoff weight maximum weight approved for takeoff. Maximum landing weight maximum weight approved for landing.
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Type IV-P
METRIC IMPERIAL UNIT CONVERSION

This POH uses a combination of both the US Imperial and Metric unit system. Where relevant both units are quoted however the most commonly used examples and their conversion factors are listed below. 1 Pound (lb) 1 Pound per sq in (psi) 1 Inch (in) 1 Foot (ft) 1 Statute mile 1 Nautical mile (NM) 1 Millibar (mb) 1 Millibar (mb) 1 Imperial gallon 1 US gallon 1 US quart 1 Cubic foot (ft3) 1 Acre 1 Degree Fahrenheit (EF) 1 Inch Pound (in lb) 1 Foot Pound (ft lb) = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
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0.4536 Kilogram (kg) 6.895 Kilopascal (kPa) 25.4 Millimeters (mm) 0.3048 Meter (m) 1.609 Kilometers (km) 1.852 Kilometers (km) 1 Hectopascal (hPa) 0.1 Kilopascal (kPa) 4.546 Litres (l) 3.785 Litres (l) 0.946 Litre (l) 28.317 Litres (l) 0.4047 Hectares [1.8 x EC]+32 0.113 Newton Meters (Nm) 1.356 Newton Meters (Nm)
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Type IV-P
Index
Title 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.6.1 Page GENERAL INFORMATION .13 Manufacturer Details 13 Experimental Aircraft Notices 13 Performance and Specification Summary .13 AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS .14 Engine 14 Propeller 14 Fuel 14 Engine Oil 14 Operating weights and loading 14 Minimum Equipment List 15 OPERATING LIMITATIONS 17 Airspeed Limits 17 Crosswind 17 Aircraft service ceiling 17 Load Factors 17 Powerplant Limitations 17 Fuel Grade 18 Lubricating Oil 18 Power Generation 18 Other Limitations 19 Placards 19 WEIGHT AND BALANCE INFORMATION ...20 C of G Range 20 Baggage 20 Aircraft weight Data 20 Weight and balance Sheet 21 Sample Calculation Sheets 22 Calculate operating CG 24 Allowable Loading conditions 24 PERFORMANCE 25 Takeoff and Landing distances 25 Rate of Climb 25 Cruise Speeds/MP/Fuel Consumption/Range .25 NORMAL PROCEDURES 30 General 30 Speeds for normal operation 30 Best angle of climb speed 30 Best rate of climb speed30 Preflight Inspection 31 Normal Procedures Checklist 33 Before Start 33
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Lancair Pilots Operating Handbook 6.6.2 6.6.3 6.6.4 6.6.5 6.6.6 6.6.7 6.6.8 6.6.9 6.6.10 6.6.11 6.6.12 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 7.2.5 7.2.6 7.2.7 7.2.8 7.2.9 8.1 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.3 8.4 8.5
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9.1 9.2 9.3 10 10.1
After Start 33 Taxi 33 Before Takeoff 33 Run-up 34 Lineup 34 Takeoff and Climb 34 Cruise 34 Descent 35 Approach 35 Taxi to parking 35 Shutdown 35 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 36 Speeds For Emergency Operations .36 Emergency Procedures Checklist .36 Engine Failure during Takeoff Run .36 Engine Failure after Takeoff 36 Engine Failure during Flight 36 Landing without Engine Power 37 Ditching 37 Fire on ground 37 Engine fire in flight 37 Cabin fire in flight 37 Spins 38 AIRCRAFT GROUND HANDLING AND SERVICING ...39 Fuel 39 Oil 39 Engine Oil Specifications .39 Engine Oil Viscosity 39 Brakes 40 Hydraulics 40 Tires 40 CLIMATIC RESTRICTIONS 41 Pressurization 41 Oxygen 41 Hypoxia 41 SUPPLEMENTS 42 Log of supplements 43
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Type IV-P
GENERAL INFORMATION
Orbx Simulations Systems PO Box XXXX Melbourne Victoria XXXX Phone: XX XXXX XXXX Fax: XX XXXX XXXX Email: info@Xxxxxxxx.net.au
1.1 Manufacturer Details
1.2 Experimental Aircraft Notices
There are risks associated with participation in sport aviation. This is particularly the case in the experimental category. Operators and passengers of experimental aircraft, by participation, accept the risks inherent in such participation of which the ordinary person is or should be aware. Pilots and passengers have a duty to exercise good judgment and act in a responsible manner while using the aircraft and to obey all oral and written warnings prior to and during use of the aircraft.
1.3 Performance and Specification Summary

Empty Weight Top speed at Sea Level Full Fuel Range Rate of climb at sea level Takeoff Distance Landing Distance Stall Speed Clean Stall Speed Landing Configuration Fuel Capacity (Usable) Approved Fuels Maximum Engine Power 2431lb (1102.7kg) 220KCAS 1130nm (with reserves @ 8,000ft) 2,000fpm (solo), 1,500fpm (gross) 1,500ft (gross @ sea level) 1,900ft 75KCAS 69KCAS 93USG AVGAS 100-130 350hp @ 2750RPM
Refer to section 3, 4, 5 and 6 for more information

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Type IV-P
2 AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS

2.1 Engine
Manufacturer: Model: Rated HP: Arrangement: Number of Cylinders: Compression Ratio: Bore (in): Stroke (in): Piston Displacement (cu in): Continental Motors TSIO-550-E 350 Horizontally Opposed 6 7.5:1 5.25 4.25 550
2.2 Propeller
Manufacturer: Model: Type: Number of Blades: Diameter (in): Max RPM: MT MTV-9-D/198-58a Constant Speed, Wood Composite core 4 75 2750
2.3 Fuel
Capacity: Grade: 93 US Gallons (352l) Usable AVGAS 100LL AVGAS 100/130 3 US gallons (11.4l) unusable.
2.4 Engine Oil

Approved oils consist of lubricating oils of any brand that conform to specifications MIL-L-6082 for non dispersant mineral oil or MIL-L-22851 for ashless dispersant mineral oil. Some synthetic oils meet MIL-L-22851 requirements however when used can reduce engine life.
2.5 Operating Weights and Loading

Max Takeoff and Landing weight: Max Baggage: Foreward Limit: Aft Limit: Datum: Leveling: 3,850lb 110lb 86.5in Measured from datum 94.5in Measured from datum 51.25in forward of the bottom face of the firewall. Spirit level placed on the centre carry through spar box.
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Type IV-P
ARM front seat ARM PAX ARM Baggage ARM Fuel Station
95.0in Measured from datum 129.0in Measured from datum 140.0in Measured from datum 94.0in Measured from datum VFR (Day) VFR (Night) IFR
2.6 Minimum Equipment list

System, instrument, Equipment Comunications VHF COM Mode C Transponder Electrical Power Alternator Battery Voltage indicator Amperage indicator Fire Protection Portable Fire Extinguisher Flight Controlls Pitch trim indicator Pitch trim system Aileron trim indicator Aileron trim system Rudder trim indicator Rudder trim system Flap position indicator Stall warning system Fuel Fuel Quantity indicator Fuel on off valve Ice and Rain Engine alternate air
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x x
x x
x x
x x x x
x x x x
A/R
A/R
x x x x x x x
x x
x x x x A/R x x x
x x
x x
x x
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Type IV-P VFR (Night) IFR
System, instrument, Equipment Navigation ADF VOR1 VOR2 GPS1 GPS2 Compass DG Chronometer Turn coordinator Pitot, Static, Vacuum ASI Altimeter VSI AH VAC pressure Engine CHT Tachometer Oil pressure Oil temperature EGT Fuel pressure Oil quantity (Dip Stick) Documents POH Charts Weather reports -( ) -( x ) -(Recommended)
VFR (Day)
x or x or
x x x x
x x Recommended Recommended A/R x x x x
x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x -(A/R) -(x or)

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x x x = As required by local regulations = one or the other
= Not required = Required = recommended
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Type IV-P
3 OPERATING LIMITATIONS
3.1 Airspeed Limits
MARKING VA VNE VC VFE (0-10) VFE VX VY VS VSO VLO (Down) VLO (Up) VLE T.O.S.S SPEED Maneuvering speed Never exceed speed Caution smooth air only (Yellow Arc) Flap 10 degrees extension Maximum flap extension speed Best angle of climb Best rate of climb Stall speed clean Stall speed landing configuration Landing gear operating speed (down) Landing gear operating speed (up) Landing gear extension speed Allowable safe control speed SPEED (KCAS) 170 274 220-274 174 69-132 110 135 75 69 150 120 165 100
3.2 Crosswind
The allowable crosswind component varies with pilot skill, the average pilot skill level (for this aircraft) allows direct crosswinds of 19knots. The max demonstrated crosswind component is 25knots only when well above T.O.S.S
3.3 Aircraft Service Ceiling

28 000ft ASL Pressurized to cabin differential of 4.7psi and cabin altitude of 14 000ft
3.4 Load Factors

Flap UP Flaps DN Speed VA Speed FE +4.4 to -2.3gs +3.8 to -2.0gs
3.5 Powerplant Limitations

The aircraft is powered by the continental TSIO-550-E. A350hp six cylinder horizontally opposed, fuel injected, air cooled, twin turbocharged and twin intercooled engine. Outputs: Max continuous: 350BHP (-5+20) 2750RPM Max Continuous Manifold Pressure: 38.5 in hg
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Max recommended Climb: Max recommended climb Manifold Pressure: CHTs (F): Maximum: Min, Max. limits In cruise: TITs (F): Maximum continuous: Peak (1 min): Oil Temperatures (F): Maximum: Recommended Takeoff Minimum: Min, Max. limits In cruise: Oil Pressure (PSI): Normal Operation: Idle Minimum: Max allowable (Cold): Fuel Flow vs HP: Fuel Pressure (PSIG): Idle: Takeoff: Vacuum Pressure: Normal:
262BHP 2500RPM 31.0 in hg 498 380 - 460 1810 1960 255 120 160 - 220 30 - 60 10 100 see Charts 7-9 32 - 36 -4.8 - -5.2
3.5.1 Fuel Grades

AVGAS 100LL AVGAS 100-130 Octane Boosters are not approved for use in this aircraft as some may contain additives that can adversely effect tank and fuel line seals.
3.5.2 Lubricating Oil

Capacity 12 quarts recommend 10 quarts Refer to section 8.2 for additional Information
3.6 Power Generation

This aircraft is equipped with an automatic secondary alternator system that supplies power to the main instrument bus under the sum of the following conditions. The master and alternator switches are on. The primary alternator is not producing adequate power to keep the battery voltage above 23 volts.
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Type IV-P
The only indication that this system is active is that an annunciation will be displayed. All systems will function as normal.
3.7 Other Limitations

Smoking in this aircraft is prohibited due to inadequate ventilation at altitude and fuel systems that operate inside the cabin. Noise exceeds 95 dB during normal operation so hearing protection must be worn.
3.8 Placards
See Construction Manual for required Placards. Additionally see local regulations for required placarding of experimental aircraft.
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Type IV-P
4 WEIGHT AND BALANCE INFORMATION

4.1 C of G Range
Range Forward Limit: Aft Limit: Datum: Leveling Longitudinal: Lateral: Arms Pilot/Copilot: Pax1/Pax2: Baggage: Fuel Station: 86.5in Measured from datum 94.5in Measured from datum 51.25in forward of the bottom face of the firewall. Spirit level longitudinally placed on the centre carry through spar box. Spirit level laterally placed on the centre carry through spar box. 95.0in Measured from datum 129.0in Measured from datum 140.0in Measured from datum 94.0in Measured from datum
4.2 Baggage
The aircraft has one approved baggage location which is a separate compartment located in the aft section of the aircraft. The maximum allowable baggage weight is 110 lbs. Baggage is restrained using the straps fitted in the baggage area.
4.3 Aircraft Weight Data

Max Takeoff and Landing weight: Empty Weight: Useful Load: Max Baggage: 3,850lb 2,431lb 1,419lb 110lb
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Type IV-P
4.4 Weight and Balance Sheet

Lancair IV-P V406 Weighed for FS calculation Orbx Simulation Systems 30-Sep-2010 Weighed with full engine oil and unusable fuel. Aircraft painted and interior fitted, 4 seat configuration. Re-weigh following work as follows: Aircraft completed and paintwork finished. Aircraft completed initial light testing annex. Aircraft underwent final certification in experimental category. ITEM Port Starboard Nose Main Gear up Position Shift Empty weight, C of G Measured Stations Pilot Pax Fuel Rear Seat Luggage NET WT LBS 943 943 545 68 2431 In 95.0 95.0 94.0 129.0 140.0
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ISSUE 2
MOM ARM In 107.8 107.8 35.2 16
Moment 101655.4 101655.4 19184 1088 223583.8
Empty ARM
91.52
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Type IV-P
4.5 Sample Calculation Sheets

The following is a sample calculation sheet for a basic load of; full fuel, pilot, copilot and 30 lbs baggage. Weight Empty Pilot Co-Pilot Pax 1 Pax 2 Baggage Fuel Sum of = Moment divided by TOW equals CG 2431 180 180 0 0 30 548 3369 Moment 312397 / / TOW 3369 = = X X X X X X X X Arm 91.52 95.0 95.0 129.0 129.0 140.0 94.0 = = = = = = = = Moment 222485 17100 17100 0 0 4200 51512 312397 CG 92.7
TOW: 3369 lb CG: 92.7 in
Max: 3850 lb MAC: 86.5 - 94.5 in

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The following is an empty calculation sheet for pilot use. Weight Empty Pilot Co-Pilot Pax 1 Pax 2 Baggage Fuel Sum of = Moment divided by TOW equals CG Moment / / TOW = = CG 2431 X X X X X X X X Arm 91.52 95.0 95.0 129.0 129.0 140.0 94.0 = = = = = = = = Moment 222485
TOW: __________ lb CG: __________ in
Max (MTOW): 3850 lb MAC: 86.5 - 94.5 in

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Type IV-P
4.5.1 Calculate Operating C of G

To calculate the operating C of G print a copy of the second table provided in section 4.5 Step 1 Fill in the weight column down to the fuel row. (It is acceptable to use the following convention for estimating weights however it is recommended to use actual measured weights.) -Male adult: 180lb -Female adult: 160lb -Child: 120lb -Infant: 50lb Step 2 Multiply weights by arms to fill in the moment column. Step 3 Add up the weight and moment column to fill in the Sum of = row. Step 4 Copy the moment sum into the moment position on the last row and copy the weight sum into the TOW position on the last row. Step 6 Divide the moment by the TOW to fill in the CG. Step 7 Ensure that the takeoff weight is less than Max (MTOW) listed at the bottom of the page and that the CG is within the range (MAC) listed below it and you are ready to fly!
4.5.2 Allowable Load Conditions

Allowable load condition is defined by the aircraft falling within the parameters listed in step 7 of section 4.5.1 Operating the aircraft outside this condition is strictly prohibited!
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Type IV-P
5 PERFORMANCE
5.1 Takeoff and Landing Distances
The following distances are quoted for the aircraft at MTOW, and operating from a sealed runway at sea level in an ICAO standard atmosphere. Take off Distance: Landing Distance: 1500 ft (457m) 2000 ft (610m)
5.2 Rate of Climb

Rate of climb at sea level (MTOW) Rate of climb at sea level (Pilot and fuel) 1500 fpm 2000 fpm
5.3 Cruise Speeds/MP/Fuel Consumption/Range

The following Charts show how power settings affect fuel consumption range and cruise speeds at different altitudes.
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Type IV-P
6 NORMAL PROCEDURES
6.1 General
This section describes the required procedures to be adhered to for normal operations of the aircraft These procedures are arranged in an order designed for the most efficient use of this section. Therefore steps should be performed in the order listed unless good reasons exist for deviation. The lists below are designed for the instrument and systems list inherent to this aircraft.
6.2 Speeds for normal operation

Unless otherwise stated the following speeds are based on MTOW of 3850lb. Any weight less than this can assume the same speeds. Takeoff (KIAS): Rotate: T.O.S.S: Climb out: Climb (KIAS): Initial: Gear Up: Flaps Up: Reroute: Landing Approach (KIAS): Circuit: Final (VREF): Go round minimum:
70 100 140-150 140 120 140 140-150 140 100 95 110 135
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6.3 Best angle of climb speed

VX VY Best angle of climb speed (KIAS) Best Rate of climb speed (KIAS)
6.4 Best rate of climb speed
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Type IV-P
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6.5 Preflight inspection
Before flight, a careful inspection of the aircraft must be carried out.
1. Fuel Quantity in both tanks: ..CHECK visually (cannot Dip Wing). Fuel Caps: ..Secure. Water Check: ..Both wing tank drains and fuel bowl drain. 2. Pitot Head/AOA All parts open to air unobstructed: ...CHECK. 3. Cockpit Ignition Switch: ..OFF. Fuel valve: ..ON. Master switch: ..ON. Fuel: ..CHECK contents. Master switch: ..OFF. Controls (all): ..CHECK free movement. Harness & Seats: ..CHECK condition. Windshield: ..CHECK cleanliness. Cockpit Area: ..CHECK general condition.
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Lancair Pilots Operating Handbook Loose Objects: Cockpit Doors and Latches: Main Undercarriage Tires: Brake Pads: Wheel well: Static Source Static Source: Empennage Tail Tie Down: Control Surfaces: Static Wicks: Exposed Cables: H stab root: Trim Rods: Left Wing Wing Tie down: Control Surfaces: Flap Tracks: Control Rods: Leading Edges: Pitot: Right Wing Wing Tie down: Control Surfaces: Flap Tracks: Control Rods: Leading Edges: Nose Propeller and spinner: Cowl: Cowl: Engine Oil: Nose Wheel: ..Secure. ..CHECK operation. ..CHECK condition/inflation. ..Inspect for wear limit. ..CHECK for loose items. ..CHECK for obstruction.
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Type IV-P
4.
5. 6.
..Disconnect. ..CHECK bearings, security, full movement. ..Attach. ..CHECK condition. ..CHECK no cracks. ..CHECK security. ..Remove. ..CHECK bearings, security, full movement. ..CHECK cleanliness. ..CHECK security. ..CHECK damage. ..Remove cover. ..Remove. ..CHECK bearings, security, full movement. ..CHECK cleanliness. ..CHECK security. ..CHECK damage. ..CHECK for damage and security. ..Remove blanks. ..CHECK security, fasteners. ..CHECK ..CHECK condition/inflation.
7.
8.
9.
It is recommended also to do a Pull Through of the engine before the first start of the day. This is the process of turning the engine over by hand. The compressions of each cylinder will be felt as the engine is rotated as a resistance to pulling. The engine must be rotated through at least 16 compressions. WARNING Prior to turning the engine by hand the engine must be cold and the ignition switch must be off. DO NOT pull through a warm engine!
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Type IV-P
6.6 Normal Procedures Checklist 6.6.1 Before Start
Oxygen: Brakes: Circuit Breakers: Gear: Fuel Selector: Mixture: Throttle: Master Switch: Instrument Lights: Navigation Lights: Fuel Pump: Magneto: Area: Start:
..CHECK quantity ..SET ..SET ..CHECK handle down ..ON both ..RICH ..CRACKED 1-1.5cm ..ON ..AS REQUIRED ..AS REQUIRED ..ON check pressure ..BOTH ..CLEAR ..ENGAGE
6.6.2 After Start
Throttle: Oil Pressure: Alternator: Fuel Pump: Suction: Avionics Master: Transponder: GNS430s: ADF: Circuit Breakers: VM1000:
..1000RPM ..GREEN in 30 seconds ..ON and charge ..OFF pressure remains in green ..CHECK ..ON ..STANDBY VFR frequency ..ON set COM frequency ..ON ..CHECK still set ..AUTOTRACK
6.6.3 Taxi
Brakes : Turn Left and Right: Turn Left and Right:
..RELEASE ..CHECK compass turn coordinator and HSI ..CHECK artificial horizon
6.6.4 Before Takeoff
Trim: Mixture: Propeller: Fuel Pressure: Fuel: Flaps: Flaps: Instruments:
..SET takeoff back 2 bars ..RICH ..FINE ..CHECK ..SELECTOR change tank pump ON ..CHECK full travel ..SET 10-15 degrees ..CHECK left to right
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Switches: Controls: Hatches: Harness: Door Seal:
..ON battery alternator mags both ..CHECK full and free ..CLOSED ..SECURE ..ON inflate
6.6.5 Runup
Oil Temperature: Power: Mag Drop: Mags: Gauges: Power: Propeller: Idle: Briefing:
..100 degrees ..1800RPM ..100 or less ..COMPARE difference 0-50 ..CHECK normal temps and pressures ..2000 RPM ..DROP reduce to 1500 RPM ..CHECK 500-800 RPM ..EXECUTE passenger and experimental
6.6.6 Lineup
Fuel Pump: Switches: Transponder: Pressurization: Pressurization:
..ON ..MAGS both strobe ON ..ALT or ON ..SET final cruise altitude ..DUMP switch OFF
6.6.7 Takeoff and Climb

Power: Instrument: Instrument: Rotate: Altitude: Gear: Fuel Pump: Flaps: Pressurization: Power: Fuel Pump: Trim: Mixture:
..FULL ..CHECK oil and fuel pressure ..CHECK manifold pressure 38 RPM 2750 ..70 KIAS ..100 AGL - GEAR UP ..CHECK transit lights then Off ..OFF after 700 ft AGL CHECK pressure ..UP ..CHECK increasing ..SET manifold pressure 30 RPM 2500 ..ON above FL100 ..SET as required ..SET per 2000 ft
6.6.8 Cruise
Power Economy: Power Normal: Power Fast: Trim:
..Manifold pressure 25 RPM 2200 ..Manifold pressure 26 RPM 2400 ..Manifold pressure 28 RPM 2500 ..SET once at speed
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Engine:
..MONITOR temperatures and pressures
6.6.9 Descent
Fuel: Speed: Pressurization: Power: Mixture: Fuel Pump:
..SELECT fullest tank ..CHECK maintain 140-200 KIAS ..SET destination altitude .. Manifold pressure 15 propeller FINE ..RICH below FL100 ..OFF below FL100
6.6.10 Approach
Brakes: Gear: Mixture Propeller: Fuel Pump: Pressures: Hatches: Flaps: Lights: Speed Reference:
..CHECK pressure then handbrake OFF ..DOWN and locked ..RICH FINE ..ON ..CHECK oil and fuel ..Secure harness ..SET as required ..ON as required ..100 KIAS final
6.6.11 Taxi to Parking

Flaps: Fuel Pump: Pressurization: Pressurization: Door Seal: Switches:
..UP ..OFF ..CHECK 0 differential ..SELECT dump ON ..Deflate ..OFF strobe, landing light
6.6.12Shutdown
Mixture: Key: Avionics Master: Navigation Lights: Alternator: Master: Brakes:
..CUT ..REMOVE ..OFF ..OFF as required ..OFF ..OFF ..SET handbrake

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Type IV-P
7 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
7.1 Speeds for Emergency Operations 7.2 Emergency Procedures Checklist 7.2.1 Engine Failure During Takeoff Run
Throttle: Brakes: Ignition: Wing Flaps: Master: Fuel Selector: ..CLOSED ..APPLY ..OFF ..UP ..OFF ..OFF Maximum Glide .. 140KIAS Landing Without Engine Power .. 115KIAS
7.2.2 Engine Failure After Takeoff

Airspeed: Gear: Ignition: Fuel Selector: Wing Flaps: Braking: Master:
..140 if possible ..DOWN pump if required ..OFF If time available ..OFF If time available ..HALF ..HEAVY AFTER TOUCHDOWN ..OFF
7.2.3 Engine Failure During Flight

Below 2000 ft AGL: Above 2000 ft AGL: Airspeed: Fuel Selector: Fuel Pump: Wing Flaps: Ignition: Propeller: Throttle: Airspeed: Starter: Repeat: Altitude:
..LAND (See 7.2.4 or 7.2.5) ..RESTART ..140 or above ..ON ..ON ..HALF ..LEFT ..FINE ..CRACKED ..SLOW until Propeller stops turning ..ENGAGE ..AS NESSECARY ..MONITOR if below 2000 ft AGL LAND
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Continued
Type IV-P
7.2.4 Landing Without Engine Power

Airspeed: Ignition: Fuel Selector: Gear: Flaps: Throttle: Flaps: Master: Airspeed: Braking: Fires:
..140 ..OFF ..OFF ..DOWN pump if required ..HALF (Descent) ..CLOSED ..FULL (Before Touchdown) ..OFF ..100 (Last Minute) ..HEAVY AFTER TOUCHDOWN ..CHECK abandon aircraft
7.2.5 Ditching
Airspeed: Approach: Approach: Door: Ignition: Gear: Flaps: Throttle: Flaps: Master: Airspeed: Evacuate: Life Jackets/Raft: PLB:
..140 ..INTO WIND (Light Swells) ..PARALLEL TO SWELLS (Heavy Swells) ..UNLATCHED, SEAL DEFLATED ..OFF ..UP ..HALF (Descent) ..CLOSED ..FULL (Before Touchdown) ..OFF ..75 (Last Minute) ..IF REQUIRED BREAK WINDOWS ..INFLATE ..ACTIVATE
7.2.6 Fire On Ground
Fuel: Fuel Pump: Abandon Aircraft: Fire:
..OFF ..OFF ..EXTINGUISH if possible
7.2.7 Engine Fire in flight 7.2.8 Cabin Fire in flight

Master: Cabin Heat: Cabin air: Extinguisher: Throttle: Mixture: Forced Landing:
..CLOSED ..CLOSED ..EXECUTE (See 7.2.4 or 7.2.5) ..OFF ..CLOSE ..OPEN ..ACTIVATE
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Continued
Type IV-P
7.2.9 Spins
IF FIRE GOES OUT Ventilate: Land: IF FIRE DOES NOT GO OUT Land: Throttle: Ailerons: Rudder: Elevator: IF ROTATION STOPS Controls: IF ROTATION DOESNT STOP Throttle: Controls:
..Open cabin door slightly < 120 KIAS ..As soon as practical ..IMMEDIATELY ..CUT ..NEUTRALIZE ..APPLY full deflection opposite to rotation ..FOREWARD ..NEUTRALIZE rudder and gently recover ..GENTLY apply throttle and cut as soon as rotation stops ..NEUTRALIZE rudder and gently recover
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Type IV-P
8 AIRCRAFT GROUND HANDLING AND SERVICING

8.1 Fuel
AVGAS 100LL AVGAS 100/130 Octane Boosters are not approved for use in this aircraft as some may contain additives that can adversely effect tank and fuel line seals.
8.2 Oil 8.2.1 Engine Oil Specs

Approved oils consist of lubricating oils of any brand that conform to specifications MIL-L-6082 for non dispersant mineral oil or MIL-L-22851 for ashless dispersant mineral oil. Some synthetic oils meet MIL-L-22851 requirements however these can reduce engine life. Non Dispersant Oil must be used for the first 50 hours of operation for a new or overhauled engine, or until the oil consumption has stabilized. After this time Ash less Dispersant oil is recommended.
8.2.2 Engine Oil Viscosity

It is recommended to carefully choose the correct grade of oil by viscosity. This will depend upon the conditions that you operate the aircraft in. For pressurized operations the flight levels ambient temperatures can easily reach as low as -40 degrees therefore you need to choose an engine oil viscosity of the correct SAE Number. This will likely be at the smaller end of the scale. Alternatively if you operate only at normal GA altitudes you may want to choose from the high end of the scale. The following table shows how viscosity should be chosen dependent on AVERAGE ambient temperature. Average Ambient Temperature Range C 35 and above 15 to 35 -22 to 25 -35 to 20 -40 to 10 SAE Number 60 50 40 30 20
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Type IV-P
Continued
8.3 Brakes
The brakes of the aircraft use aviation grade hydraulic fluid part number MIL-H-5606 or equivalent. The reservoir is located on the engine side of the firewall on the left hand side looking forward. Access the reservoir by removing the top cowl by its fasteners.
8.4 Hydraulics
This aircraft is equipped with electro hydraulically operated flaps and undercarriage. This system uses aviation grade hydraulic fluid part number MIL-H-5606 or equivalent. The reservoir is located behind the rear bulkhead of the baggage compartment. Access to this area is achieved by removing the screwed on panel on the rear face of the baggage floor.
8.5 Tires
Due to the high landing speed of the aircraft tire condition and inflation must be checked before each flight. Any flat spots discovered on a tire are considered an unservicability and the tire should be replaced immediately.
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Type IV-P
9 CLIMATIC RESTRICTIONS
Maximum Ambient Operating Temperature: Flight into known Icing Conditions: 42 C Prohibited
9.1 Pressurization
Flight above 14,000ft AMSL without pressurization or supplemental Oxygen is prohibited. Operation of the Pressurization system is limited to a maximum cabin differential of 4.7 psi.
9.2 Oxygen
This aircraft is equipped with Emergency supplemental oxygen only. In the event of cabin pressurization loss, the supplemental oxygen system can sustain 4 people at continuous operation for a limit of 30 minutes.
9.3 Hypoxia
In the event of a cabin pressurization loss without supplemental oxygen a person can suffer from a variety of symptoms that can lead to brain damage and death. The following table shows time that lack of oxygen allows a person to remain conscious dependent on altitude. Altitude Time of Useful Consciousness 45,000 ft ASL 9-15 seconds 40,000 ft ASL 15-20 seconds 35,000 ft ASL 30-60 seconds 30,000 ft ASL 1-2 minutes 28,000 ft ASL 2-3 minutes 25,000 ft ASL 3-5 minutes 22,000 ft ASL 5-10 minutes 20,000 ft ASL 30 minutes or more, symptoms of hypoxia will be evident
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Type IV-P
10 SUPPLEMENTS
This section consists of a series of supplements that are self contained separately indexed publications. Each supplement must be placed after this page and a line generated in the Log of supplements describing its content.
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Type IV-P
10.1 Log of Supplements

Document Number Description Date
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