:98

windows 3.1 :
Windows 3.0

Windows 3.1
Windows for workgroups 3.1
Windows 3.11
Windows for workgroups 3.11
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows ME
windows NT 3.5
Windows NT 3.51
Windows NT 4.0
Windows 2000
:
Workstation
Server
ini :98
3.11
98 .regedit
Ini = initialization file
: swp
win386.swp c:\ windows
windows 3.11 ) . RAM(.

 ini :
Win.ini
System.ini
startrun sysedit autoexec.bat config.sys
---

-- win.ini

autoexec.bat

--- system.ini

config.sys

98

User.dat
System.dat
R H S
user.da0 system.da0

:
user.dat

h r s

Attrib

Attrib h r s system.dat
Attrib h r s user.da0
Attrib h r s system.da0

:
Msdos.sys, IO.sys, command.com
.

:
Missing edugys.sys
Pressn any key to continue
regedit regedit
: pnp

 plug and play

) ( . : ...
: Safe Mode

.
:
8.3
.. ,autoexec.bat, config.sys, ahmad.doc :
98 95 255 .
FAT32 FAT16 : NTFS

29-7-2001
: FAT 16, FAT 32, NTFS
FAT:File Allocation Table
NTFS: Windows NT File System
DOS Windows NT windows 95 . FAT 32

SR1

Windows 95 FAT32

SR2

Windows 95 FAT32

FAT16 FAT32
FAT16 : FAT 32

FAT16 2.1

GB

.
fat16 Fat32 .
FAT32 Boot sector Fat16 fat16
boot sector .
95 :98
98
98 USB .
C:\windows :98

 : C:\windows\command .
: C:\windows\cookies ) (.
: C:\windows\cursors
: C:\windows\desktop .
: C:\windows\favorites ) (.
: C:\windows\fonts .
.

Tt True Type Font

: C:\windows\help
: C:\windows\history .
: C:\windows\INF hardware
: C:\windows\media

: Program Information File

C:\windows\PIF

: C:\windows\spool\printers
.
: C:\windows\start menu start
: C:\windows\sysbckup
.
: C:\windows\system 98 GDI.EXE, KRNL.EXE, USER.EXE
: C:\WINDOWS\TEMP ) (.

:C:\WINDOWS\TEMPORARY Internet Files

: .

: :
User.dat sysytem.dat
c:\windows
).. .(...

C:\windows *.

dat

. c:\BACKUP
C:\BACKUP
. C:\WINDOWS

 5 2001
)( : USB ...
-

) ...

readme.txt
CMOS .

: Device Manager

) .device manger (.

)
(.
:
view by type
view by connection
: inf
) ( inf
.
: :
)(

driver update driver )

( recommended browse .

remove refresh -

(
)

.
:
: DEVICE MANAGER

pnp (PLUG AND PLAY

) isa
. pci jumpers .
AGP PCI .
.
: device manager

inf

) 95 (98

BIOS

) (.

user.dat system.dat

12-08-2001
)(1

)(2
)(3
)(4
)(5

)(6
)(7
)(8
)(9

: -- - / start up disk
.
registry regedit- enter -
registry export registry file .
%99 Safe
Mode regedit registry import registry file
.
safe mode copy ren
. c:\windows\regedit
)
.(... device manager .
Sacandisk .
. DEFRAG
isa pci . agp
98 IRQ IRQ
. STEERING
IRQ device manager resources
. device manager use automatic setting
.
: 9x

486-

DX/66 CPU with 24 MB

Video capable 640x480 @ 16 colorWindows typical 200 MB

)(10
)(11

:
.
:
)( :
Cant read CAB files

.
)( :
This system already has an OS
upgrade
:
-1 setup

-2 c
-3 cd\system
-4 ren setupx.dll setupx.0L1
-5 ren setupx.w95 setupx.0L2
-6 setup
) (12 :

*.*~ -
.



RAM

4 :

DD-RAM

RD-RAM

SD-RAM

)( RAM 486 :
) - DIPP dual in line package (1

)- single in line package 30 (2

- pin SIPP

) pin SIMM-single in line memory module 30 (3 . - data bus 8-bit wide

) (4 parity :RAM chips parity
. parity
) (5 .
) (6 . parity
) : Banking (7 .
,Bank0, BANK1

)( RAM :
) - pin SIMM-72 (8 . - data bus 32-bit wide
. parity
) - (pin DIMM (Dual in Line Memory Module 168 (9 data bus 64-bit
- - wide 128 64 32 16 8 . MB
) : (EDO (External Data Out (10 :
)( )( PIN 72 . PIN 168
): SDRAM Synchronous dynamic RAM (11

MHz 83100133 75 66 :
.
) (12 : CMOS
:
) ( jumper off on . .
. 1k=1024 byte RAM : CMOS memory mismatch , press f1 to continue
. ctrl+alt+del
) (13 :
MTBF 30 35.
:
)( : parity errors :
" parity error at xxxx:xxxx x :
03F2:2ABC

.
:
.
:
Norton Utilities

Troubleshooter
QA/Plus FE
HIMEM.SYS DOS 6.22 or higher unreliable
memory
)( :
" KRNL386 causeda page fault at 03F2:25A003BC
03F2:25A003BC
.

CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD :

1980 philips and SONY

.

.
.
.

 ISO9660

:
X1 KBps 150

= 4800 Kbps
= 9000 Kbps

x32
x60

: CD-R
1995
CD - Recordable

MB 650 74.


.
CD-R :
4x24, 10x32, 16x32 :

.
: CD-RW
Rewritable CD
MB 650

1 2000 . CD-RW
CD-R CD-RW
CD-R CD-RW
8x4x32 :

:8
:4
:32
:
cmos setup
. ATAPI

 SCSI

98 cmos .
config.sys . autoexec.bat

:DVD
[ Digital Versatile Disc
DVD DVD.
DVD ) VHS(
DVD GB 4.37 ... GB 16 8
.
:DVD

SS DS
.

) (1

CRT - Cathode Ray Tube

) (2
) (3 : Resoltion dot
pixel
.

phospore

) (4
.
.
Safe Mode F8
Starting Windows 98 . 3
:

640x480 - 800x600 - 1024x768 - 1280x1040 - 1600x1200

) : Dot pitch (5 .
dot pitch 0.22-0.39 .
) : Interlace (6
.
) (7 : ) 80 (
. BIOS

) (8
. Anode

) (9 30-15
%100 .
) (10 :
)(

(
)

- .

(
)

- maximum
.
: .

(
)

(
)

(
)

(
)

) (11 :
)( .
)( .
)( .
)(

. .

)(

)(

)( .

 AGP :
AGP

PCI

PCI

)(1

:
( CGA : Color Grapic Adapter 320x200
( : EGA : Enhanced Graphics Adapter 640x350 16.
( : VGA: Video Graphic Array 640x480 256.
( : SVGA:Super VGA VGA
800x600 16.5 16 24 32.

)(2

)(3

)(4

:
)(

.
PCI .
)(
.
)( :
-1
-2 ) (

.

3.5 1.44.
cmos SETUP A b
5.25 .
: 34.
.
:
.1
.2

SCAN DISK

.3 cmos
.4 Floppy Controller
.5

 :




TV Out

:
port serial port male - Keyboard 25
port serial male - 25 port female LPT printer port 15
joystick- VGA input for the monitor

LPT Port
serial1 - serial2

:Left to right
keyboard
USP ports 2
Serial

Voltage selector 220 Volt -110 Volt

serial - serial - two USB ports

Parallel

serial-serial-USB-KB
Parallel-Mouse

 .1 :
(
(

( " "

.2 AT :
- MOLEX
- submolex
P8 and P9 -
Mini -
-
.3 :
5 -
12- -
12 -
2 -

-4 P8 P9 :
-
-

-5 :Molex
-
-

- Molex 5 12

- Molex

-6 on/off :
-

rocker

remote

Depression

Plunger

-7 :
-
- " "

-8 on/off:
-
-

-9 .
.
-
- P8 P9

- P8 P9

-10 :
-
-

__________________
:
-1 -
Cntrl-Alt-Del
-2 error code
. error codes
-3
.

SCSI
(Small Computer Systems Interface

( SCSI

:
Hard Disks
Tape Backups
Removable Hard Drives
Scanners
CD-ROM Drives
Printers
:
SCSI-1, SCSI-2, Wide SCSI, Ultra Wide SCSI
SCSI-2

SCSI-1 286

ultra SCSI western digital

: ISA PCI PCI
. ISA
IDE 50 40.
: SCSI : . SCSI
SCSI daisy chain ..ID#0, ID#1, ID#2
. jumpers
ID#0
SCSI terminator .

 terminator .
:SCSI

IDE MBPS 5.5-2.5
SCSI MBPS 33

:SCSI
//

:
.1

SCSI autoexec.bat config.sys

. device drivers SCSI .

.2

SCSI
.

 3 6 .

:Track ) (
Sector 512 ) (
Cylinder sectors
Spindle

:
ST-506
ESDI: Enhanced Small Device Interface
IDE: Integrated Device Electronics (ATA, ATA 2, ATAPI)
EIDE: Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics (ATA 3, Ultra ATA, Fast ATA, Fast ATA 2) have a transfer rate of 4-16 MBps

:
ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface) is the protocol that allows devices other than
(hard drives to connect via the IDE interface (ie, CD-ROMs

. controller
PIO (Programmed Input/Output) and DMA (Direct Memory Access) modes
define the transfer rate of the interface, and specify the protocol used between
.device and controller

SMART
.
. setup
SMART (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology) pre-detects
failures, and warns the user
:

)(1

)(

master primary and extended

patrtition

(
)

(
)

slave

extended partition

(
)

master primary partition

) (2 :

)( cylinders
)( Write precomp cylinder
)( heads
)( sectors per track
) (3 :
)( 1
)( 2

)3 (3
)4 (4
) (4 Slave

: master

)(
)( jumpers
)( Ide Controller
)(
) (5 :
)(
)(
)(
)(

.1

Boot Sector

(MBR-(Master Boot Record

.2

Executable

exe
.

.3
.4
.5

Macro
Macro .
Trojan
)
( .
Bimodal\Bipartite

boot-sector exe


.1 50:
(

( SCSI
( EIDE
(

IDE

.2 LBA setup CMOS

:
(

MB 504

( DOS
( 8MB
(

.3 15 ) ( :
(

(
( joystick
(

.4
:
(

( Power supply
(
(

ESD

.5

 : 626-1049
(

AT6261049

( ATDT6261049
( ATM6261049
(

AT6261049DT

.6 :
(

(
(
(

.7 2 : Cache
(

KB 256

( KB and 512 KB 256

( kB 512
(

MB 1

.8 bit 64 :
(

286

( 386
( 486
(

Pentium

.9 bit 16
(

ISA

( EISA
( PCI
(

VL-BUS

.10
(

:
digital to analog

( analog to digital
(
(

.11

UART
:
(

Com1

( Com2
( Internal Modem
(

External Modem

.12
(

: SCSI

(
(
(

.13

) (
:
(

(
( CD_Recorder
(

.14

100
RAM SIMM 72 DIMM 72

 SIMM 72 BANK :
(

( 2
( 4
(

.15

:
(

( running low in system resources

(
(

.16

CMOS

cmos setup :
(

Heads

( Cylinders
( Drive letter
(

.17

Tracks

CMOS
:
(

( Partition
( Reset CPU
(

.18

RAM

SDRAM : PIN

30

( 128
( 148
(

.19

168

:
(

ATX

( ATX
( AT
(

AT

95
.20
3 800MHz

:
(

( ATX 5

( power supply
(

AT

: slot1

.21
(

Pentium 4

( Pentium 2
( Pentium 3
(

Pentium Celeron

5
6
7

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20
21

:

.
LAN
Local Area Network . : . .
. .

WAN
Wide Area Network . : LAN
. WAN .
ISDN DSL Cable . leased line
:
)(1

)(2

: ISDN

)(3

: ... . Peer to peer

) ( . ) (
10.

server
clients


: .
. NT 2000 XP Novell Netware Unix Apple Talk :

Physical Topologies:
Ring

Star

:
NIC Network
. Interface Card
ISA, PCI : PCMCIA

: Hub switch .

:Repeater

.

Router
:
. :
.

Bus

 : Bridge

: Gateway .

: Modem .

:
:
)(1
)(2

: fiper optic .
: Twisted pair :
:
)( STP : Sheilded twisted pair .
.
)( UTP : Unsheilded twisted pair .

Description

Category

)Voice (UTP only

4 twisted pairs, data transmission up to 4

Mbps (UTP only), token ring
4 twisted pairs, data transmission up to 10
Mbps, Ethernet

4 twisted pairs, data transmission up to 16

Mbps, token ring

CAT5
:
UTP or STP
UTP





4 twisted pair, data transmission up to 100
Mbps, Ethernet and fast Ethernet
4 twisted pair, data transmission up to 155
Mbps, fast Ethernet

4 twisted pair, data transmission up to 1000

Mbps, gigabit Ethernet

:
RJ-45
Coaxial

:
)(1

: simplex

)(2

: Half-duplex . :

)(3

: Full-Duplex :

:
Mapped Drive

Shared Drive

Shared Folder

 domain

domains
.1

Peer-to-peer .
2 9.

.2

.3

security .

.4

PDC
Primary Domain Controller
: PDC
.

.5

) .
( .

(.

.6

PDC
. BDC . Backup domain controller

.7

98




-
A+_OS

-
SCSI

BIOS Features Setup

CPU Level 1 Cache :

 Enabled : Disable

. Enabled

400 500
Disabled 2 3
.

CPU Level 2 Cache :

Enabled, Disabled :

CPU L2 Cache ECC Checking :

Enabled, Disabled :

L2 ECC
.

L2
.

Processor Number Feature :

Enabled, Disabled :

3
.3

 Quick Power On Self Test :

Enabled, Disabled :

Virus Warning / Anti-Virus Protection :

Enabled, Disabled : ChipAway

boot sector partition table

.

boot
sector partition table .

external controller

:

.SCSI

UltraDMA 66 UltraDMA100

motherboards ChipAway
.

 Boot Sequence :

A, C, SCSI/EXT
C, A, SCSI/EXT
C, CD-ROM, A
CD-ROM, C, A
D, A, SCSI/EXT ((IDE
E, A, SCSI/EXT
F, A, SCSI

((IDE

((IDE

SCSI/EXT, A, C
SCSI/EXT, C, A
A, SCSI/EXT, C
LS/ZIP, C

C
SCSI SCSI .

ABIT BE6 BP6 IDE Controller

SCSI EXT IDE
SCSI
. IDE .EXT

Boot Sequence EXT Means : .

IDE, SCSI :

EXT IDE
IDE
SCSI SCSI ABIT BE6 .BP6

Swap Floppy Drive :

 Enabled, Disabled :

A B B A


.

Boot Up Floppy Seek :

Enabled, Disabled :

40 80 Track
80 .Disabled

Boot Up NumLock Status :

On, Off:

Gate A20 Option :

Normal, Fast :

A20 1 Fast
Motherboard Chipset A20
Normal Keyboard Controller A20
OS/2 A20
Fast
1 Chipset
. Fast

IDE HDD Block Mode :

Enabled, Disabled :




64

 Interrupt 512 .
NT
NT Service Pack 2 .

Typematic Rate Setting :

Enabled, Disabled :

Keystroke

.

(Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec :

30 ,24 ,20 ,15 ,12 ,10 ,8 ,6 :

(Typematic Rate Delay (Msec :

1000 ,750 ,500 ,250 :

Security Setup :

System, Setup :

PASSWORD SETTING
.

System
Setup .

-1 Award :

shift+s y x z Shift .((s y x z

-2
jumper
.

-3
.

bit Disk Access-32 :

Enabled, Disabled :

32
16 32
PCI
16 .

NT Service Pack 2
.

PCI/VGA Palette Snoop :

Enabled, Disabled :

MPEG Add-on

graphics card's Feature Connector MPEG

 Assign IRQ For VGA :

Enabled, Disabled :
graphics accelerator cards IRQ

.
MPS Version Control For OS :
1.4 ,1.1 :
MPS
Multiprocessor Specification 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.4

PCI .
NT4 2000 98 1.4
.1.4

OS Select For DRAM > 64MB :

OS/2, Non-OS/2 :

RAM 64 OS/2 IBM

OS/2
.Non-OS/2

Report No FDD For Win95 :

Enabled, Disabled :

95 98
Enabled IRQ6
Disabled Disable
Onboard FDC Controller
Integrated Peripherals Onboard FDC Controller . Disabled

(Delay IDE Initial (Sec :

15 ,... ,3 ,2 ,1 ,0 :

IDE

0 IDE

 IDE .

HDD S.M.A.R.T. Capability :

Enabled, Disabled :

.S.M.A.R.T ) Self
(Monitoring Analysis And Reporting


S.M.A.R.T

.

Video BIOS Shadowing :

Enabled, Disabled :

Video BIOS ROM DRAM

95


.

(Shadowing Address Ranges (xxxxx-xxxxx Shadow :

Enabled, Disabled :

Add-on

.

Chipset Features Setup

SDRAM CAS Latency Time :

3 2 :

) clock cycles - CLKs

(
SDRAM
SDRAM
2
.3

SDRAM Cycle Time Tras/Trc :

6/8 ,5/6 :

TRAS . TRC

Tras SDRAM's Row Active Time

SDRAM .

TRC Row Cycle Time .SDRAM

 5/6
.6/8

SDRAM RAS-to-CAS Delay :

2 : 3

(RAS (Row Address Strobe CAS (Column

(Address Strobe SDRAM .

2 .3

SDRAM RAS Precharge Time :

3 2 :
RAS SDRAM
2 .3
SDRAM Cycle Length :
3 2 :
SDRAM CAS Latency Time .

SDRAM Leadoff Command :

.4 3 :

SDRAM 3
.4

SDRAM Precharge Control :

Enabled, Disabled :

SDRAM
.SDRAM

 SDRAM
.

SDRAM

.

DRAM Data Integrity Mode :

ECC, Non-ECC :

ECC Error Checking and Correction

bit ECC RAM-72
) ( ECC Non-ECC
.

SDRAM Bank Interleave :

Bank, 4-Bank, Disabled-2 :

.SDRAM

SDRAM
SDRAM
.

SDRAM :

-1 .SDRAM

-2 SDRAM
.

-3 SDRAM
.

-4 SDRAM
.

 -5 .

interleaving
:

-1 .SDRAM

-2 .SDRAM

-3 .

-4 .SDRAM

-5 .SDRAM

-6 .

-7 .SDRAM

-8 .SDRAM

-9 .

-10 .SDRAM

-11 .SDRAM

-12 .

SDRAM DIMM .

 16Mbit SDRAM chips

32.

64Mbit SDRAM chips

256Mbit 64.

) 32 (
.Bank-2

)
64 ( Bank-2 Bank-4
Bank-4 .Bank-2

Award
16Mbit SDRAM DIMM .Disabled

Read-Around-Write :
Enabled, Disabled :



.
.SDRAM

System BIOS Cacheable :

Enabled, Disabled :
.
OS/2 .

Video BIOS Cacheable :

Enabled, Disabled :

OS/2 .

Memory Hole At 15M-16M :

Enabled, Disabled :

ISA 15M-16M

16
15
.

bit I/O Recovery Time-8 :

NA, 8, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 :

PCI ISA 8 ISA 8

I/O PCI I/O Clock Cycle I/O
PCI ISA 8
3.5
ISA 8 NA 3.5
ISA 8 .

bit I/O Recovery Time-16 :

NA, 4, 1, 2, 3 :

PCI ISA 16 ISA 16

I/O PCI I/O Clock Cycle I/O
PCI ISA 16
3.5
ISA 16 NA 3.5
ISA 16
. ISA 8 16.

Video RAM Cacheable :

Enabled, Disabled :

5.3 )128bit X
(166MHz DDR SDRAM 0.8 )64bit X
(100MHz SDRAM PC133 1.06
) .(64bit X133MHz

 Pentium III 650 20.8

) (256bit X 650MHz
SDRAM

AGP
AGP4X 1.06

.

Passive Release :

Enabled, Disabled :

PCI
ISA ISA
ISA .ISA

Delayed Transaction :

Enabled, Disabled :

ISA PCI
PCI PCI ISA
PCI
ISA ISA
.PCI 2.1

PCI 2.1 Compliance :

Enabled, Disabled :

Delayed Transaction .PCI 2.1

AGP 2X Mode :

Enabled, Disabled :

AGP 2X AGP1X 66
264 AGP2X
AGP2X

Super Socket 7 .

AGP Master 1WS Read :

Enabled, Disabled :

AGP

.

AGP Master 1WS Write :

Enabled, Disabled :

AGP

.

USWC Write Posting :

Enabled, Disabled :

USWC Uncacheable Speculative Write Combination

64
framebuffer
.

Spread Spectrum :

Enabled, Disabled, 0.25% , 0.5% , Smart Clock :

Electromagnetic Interference
Spread Spectrum



.SCSI

Smart Clock
AGP PCI SDRAM

.

Smart Clock
%0.25 %0.5
.

Auto Detect DIMM/PCI Clk :

Enabled, Disabled :

Smart Clock Smart Clock

.

Flash BIOS Protection :

Enabled, Disabled :

Flash BIOS

.

Hardware Reset Protect :

Enabled, Disabled :

24
Reset Button
.

DRAM Read Latch Delay :

Enabled, Disabled :

DRAM



.

DRAM Interleave Time :

0ms, 0.5ms :

 36
0ms
.0.5ms

Byte Merge :

Enabled, Disabled :

8 16 PCI
32 PCI
.
PCI Pipeline / PCI Pipelining :

Enabled, Disabled :

PCI
32 PCI
.

Fast R-W Turn Around :

Enabled, Disabled :

CPU to PCI Write Buffer :

Enabled, Disabled :

PCI

PCI
PCI
PCI .

PCI Dynamic Bursting :

Enabled, Disabled :

PCI
32 .

PCI Master 0 WS Write :

Enabled, Disabled :

PCI
PCI
PCI
PCI
.

PCI Delay Transaction :

Enabled, Disabled :

45 .

PCI#2 Access #1 Retry :

Enabled, Disabled :

60 60
PCI
PCI




PCI .

SDRAM Page Closing Policy :

One Bank, All Banks :

SDRAM Precharge Control 34 Disabled 34

All Banks Enabled One Bank .

AGP 4X Mode :

Enabled, Disabled :

AGP4X
AGP4X
AGP4X .

Master Priority Rotation :

PCI, 2 PCI, 3 PCI 1 :

.PCI

PCI 1 PCI
.
PCI .

PCI 2 PCI

.
.

 PCI 3 PCI

. PCI
.

PCI 2 .

AGP Driving Control :

Auto, Manual :

AGP Auto
Chipset AGP AGP .

Manual
.

AGP Driving Value :

(to FF (Hex numbers 00 :

.Manual

AGP
Hex 00 FF
0 255 (DA (218
AGP NVIDIA GeForce2 (EA (234
.

Delay DRAM Read Latch :

Auto, No Delay, 0.5ns, 1.0ns, 1.5ns :

DIMM :

-1 DIMM .

 -2 .

Auto


.

No Delay .

(AGP Aperture Size (MB :

256 ,128 ,64 ,32 ,16 ,8 ,4 :

.AGP
.

AGP
RAM
.

64.

MD Driving Strength :

Hi/High, Lo/Low :

DRAM )
( Hi High
Lo .Low

Integrated Peripherals

Onboard IDE-1 Controller :

Enabled, Disabled :

IDE IDE

IRQ
IDE
SCSI .IDE

Onboard IDE-2 Controller :

Enabled, Disabled :

IDE IDE

IRQ
IDE
SCSI .IDE

Master/Slave Drive PIO Mode :

Auto ,4 ,3 ,2 ,1 ,0 :

(Programmed Input/Output (PIO

Master Slave .IDE

Auto :

-1 PIO.

-2 .

-3 PCI
.PIO

PIO .

 PIO .

Master/Slave Drive UltraDMA :

Auto, Disabled :

) UltraDMA (
.IDE

Auto UltraDMA
UltraDMA
.

 DMA Win9x

DMA
.

Ultra DMA-66/100 IDE Controller :

Enabled, Disabled :

Ultra DMA-66/100 )
(.

-1 .

-2 .

USB Controller :

Enabled, Disabled :

IRQ (USB (Universal Serial Bus

USB .

USB Keyboard Support :

Enabled, Disabled :

USB
.

USB Keyboard Support Via :

OS, BIOS :

USB .

OS .BIOS

Init Display First :

AGP, PCI :

AGP PCI
) (PCI, AGP
.

KBC Input Clock Select :

8MHz, 12MHz, 16MHz :

16MHz
.

Onboard FDD Controller :

Enabled, Disabled :

Onboard Serial Port 1/2 :

,Disabled, 3F8h/IRQ4, 2F8h/IRQ3, 3E8h/IRQ4, 2E8h/IRQ3, 3F8h/IRQ10 :

2F8h/IRQ11, 3E8h/IRQ10, 2E8h/IRQ11, Auto

Auto I/O Address IRQ
IRQ I/O Address IRQ IRQ
IRQ .

Onboard IR Function :

IrDA (HPSIR) mode, ASK IR (Amplitude Shift Keyed IR) mode, Disabled :

Duplex Select :

Full-Duplex, Half-Duplex :

Full-Duplex
Half-Duplex .

RxD, TxD Active :

High, Low :

High Low
.

 Onboard Parallel Port :

3BCh/IRQ7, 278h/IRQ5, 378h/IRQ7, Disabled :

I/O IRQ
378h/IRQ7 .

Power On Function :

Button Only, Keyboard 98, Hot Key, Mouse Left, Mouse Right :

Button Only .

Keyboard 98
.98

Hot Key
Ctrl+F1 .Ctrl+F12

Mouse Left )
.(PS/2

Mouse Right )
.(PS/2
Parallel Port Mode :

(ECP, EPP, ECP+EPP, Normal (SPP :

(Normal (SPP : .

(ECP (Enhanced Com Port : DMA

 2.5
.Scanners

(EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port :

ZIP .

ECP+EPP :
.

ECP Mode Use DMA :

Channel 1, Channel 3 :

ECP : ECP+EPP
DMA Channel 3
.Channel 1

EPP Mode Select :

EPP 1.7, EPP 1.9 :

EPP : ECP+EPP
EPP EPP 1.9
.EPP 1.7

Assign IRQ For USB :

Enabled, Disabled :

USB Controller
.USB

PNP OS Installed :

Yes, No :

(Plug & Play (PnP Yes

No 2000 .No

 Assign IRQ For VGA :

Enabled, Disabled :

IRQ

.

PCI IRQ Activated By :

Edge, Level :

ISA PCI Edge .IRQ

Level
IRQ .

Force Update ESCD / Reset Configuration Data :

Enabled, Disabled :

(ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data & Plug

Play BIOS IRQ DMA I/O ISA PCI
AGP .

Resource Controlled By :

Auto, Manual :

IRQ DMA
.

Auto Legacy ISA

Manual IRQ DMA .

.PIRQ_0 Use IRQ No. ~ PIRQ_3 Use IRQ No :

Auto, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15 :

IRQ PCI AGP

IRQ IRQ
.

-1 IRQ IRQ .ISA

-2 PCI 4 Interrupts : INT A, INT B, INT C

.INT D ,

-3 AGP INT A : .INT B

-4 INT A
IRQ .

-5 AGP PCI .IRQ

-6 PCI .IRQ

USB -7 .PIRQ_4

 PIRQ .INT

AGP
PCI IRQ PCI
.

Auto :

-1 IRQ.

-2 PIRQ.

-3 . PIRQ

PCI PIRQ
PIRQ_2 INT A IRQ
IRQ 7 PIRQ_2 .

IRQ PCI 1 AGP .PIRQ_0

IRQ PCI 2 .PIRQ_1

IRQ PCI 3 .PIRQ_2

 IRQ PCI 4 PCI 5 .PIRQ_3

CPU Drive Strength :

3 2 1 0 :

Force 4-Way Interleave :

Enabled, Disabled :

SDRAM Bank Interleave

64 .

PCI Latency Timer :

255 0 :

PCI

PCI
.

32 64 128
.

A+

) )

1.

) +
.2
+ ASCII Bus
:
.3
:

CPU
.4

Address Bus
Chip Packages Chipset


Power Supply
.5
Power Supply

Power Supply
UPS (Uninterruptible Power
(Supply
BIOS +
.6
Chipset ROM/BIOS CMOS (POST (Power on self test Memory
.7
ROM & RAM DRAM RAM Drives
.8
Floppy Drive : Low Level Formatting -

 Partioning ) ( High Level Formatting ( FAT (File Allocation Table :

.9
: CD-ROM - Access time

EIDE : SCSI Drives - SCSI SCSI BIOS

Expansion bus:
.10
ISA MCA VESA VL PCI USB I/O Address Interrupt COM Ports
.11
:
.12
: : Parallel Serial SCSI -

 :
.13
AC DC Multimeter Power Supply ( ESD ( Electrostatic Discharge Upgrading the Computer
.14
Hardware Software Memory CPU Upgrade Expansion Bus : Software
.15
: DOS Windows 95/98/ME Windows NT DOS Windows Virtual Memory Windows 98
.16
98 .17

.18
:
.19
.20

:98
windows 3.1 :
Windows 3.0

Windows 3.1
Windows for workgroups 3.1
Windows 3.11
Windows for workgroups 3.11
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows ME
windows NT 3.5
Windows NT 3.51
Windows NT 4.0
Windows 2000
:
Workstation
Server
ini :98
3.11
98 .regedit

Ini = initialization file

: swp
win386.swp c:\ windows
windows 3.11 ) . RAM(.
ini :
Win.ini
System.ini
startrun sysedit autoexec.bat config.sys
---

-- win.ini

autoexec.bat

--- system.ini
98

config.sys
:

User.dat
System.dat
R H S
user.da0 system.da0

:
user.dat

h r s

Attrib

Attrib h r s system.dat
Attrib h r s user.da0
Attrib h r s system.da0

:
Msdos.sys, IO.sys, command.com
.

Missing edugys.sys
Pressn any key to continue
regedit regedit
: pnp
plug and play

) ( . : ...
: Safe Mode

.
:
8.3
.. ,autoexec.bat, config.sys, ahmad.doc :
98 95 255 .
FAT32 FAT16 : NTFS

29-7-2001
: FAT 16, FAT 32, NTFS
FAT:File Allocation Table
NTFS: Windows NT File System
DOS Windows NT windows 95 . FAT 32

SR1
SR2

Windows 95 FAT32
Windows 95 FAT32

FAT16 FAT32
FAT16 : FAT 32

FAT16 2.1

GB

.
fat16 Fat32 .
FAT32 Boot sector Fat16 fat16
boot sector .

 95 :98
98
98 USB .
C:\windows :98
: C:\windows\command .
: C:\windows\cookies ) (.
: C:\windows\cursors
: C:\windows\desktop .
: C:\windows\favorites ) (.
: C:\windows\fonts .
.

Tt True Type Font

: C:\windows\help
: C:\windows\history .
: C:\windows\INF hardware
: C:\windows\media

: Program Information File

C:\windows\PIF

: C:\windows\spool\printers
.
: C:\windows\start menu start
: C:\windows\sysbckup
.
: C:\windows\system 98 GDI.EXE, KRNL.EXE, USER.EXE
: C:\WINDOWS\TEMP ) (.

:C:\WINDOWS\TEMPORARY Internet Files

: .

: :
User.dat sysytem.dat
c:\windows
).. .(...

C:\windows *.
. c:\BACKUP

dat

 C:\BACKUP
. C:\WINDOWS

5 2001
)( : USB ...
-

) ...

readme.txt
CMOS .

: Device Manager

) .device manger (.

)
(.
:
view by type
view by connection
: inf
) ( inf
.
: :
)(

driver update driver )

( recommended browse .

remove refresh -

(
)

.
:
: DEVICE MANAGER

pnp (PLUG AND PLAY

) isa
. pci jumpers .

 AGP PCI .
.
: device manager

inf

) 95 (98

BIOS

) (.

user.dat system.dat

1 -08-2001
12
)(1

)(2
)(3
)(4
)(5

)(6
)(7
)(8

: -- - / start up disk
.
registry regedit- enter -
registry export registry file .
%99 Safe
Mode regedit registry import registry file
.
safe mode copy ren
. c:\windows\regedit
)
.(... device manager .
Sacandisk .
. DEFRAG
isa pci . agp
98 IRQ IRQ
. STEERING
IRQ device manager resources
. device manager use automatic setting

)(9

: 9x

486Windows typical 200 MBVideo capable 640x480 @ 16 colorDX/66 CPU with 24 MB

)(10
)(11

:
.
:
)( :
Cant read CAB files

.
)( :
This system already has an OS
upgrade
:
-1 setup

-2 c
-3 cd\system
-4 ren setupx.dll setupx.0L1
-5 ren setupx.w95 setupx.0L2
-6 setup
) (12 :

*.*~ -
.