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8- Legg, G., Remote Sensing and Geographic Infonnation Systems; Geological. Mineral Exploration and Mffiing, to Spatial 1- Calkins, Information Commission Processing. Ellis Horwood, London, 1992. p. 37. 9- Smith, T. R .• Knowlege - Based Approaches Data Handling Systems., Symposium 10Star. Systems., I.G.U .. International

~, )41, .;...'~'
H. W. and Tomlinson, International Program, R. F., ., Geo~raphic Geographic Data U. S. Sensing Union and

Systems: Methods and Equipment for


on Geographical (RALI)

Land Use PlanningH.,

on Spatial Data Handling, Zurich, 1984.

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J. and Estes,
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J., Geographic
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Infonnation

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Cliffs. New
Systems

2- Green, R., The Storage and Retrieval of Data for Water Quality Control, P. H. S. Publication, Mapping Crop. Urban No. 1263, U. S. by Computer Dept. of Health, Washington, 3- Gaits, 4- System Infonnation 5- Peucker, Information 6- Deuker, G.M .• Thematic Development Cartographer D. C., 1964. 1969, pp. 50-68 . and Regional

Jersey, 1990. p. 3. 11- Tomlin, Carto~raphic 12- Star, D., G~ographic Modelin&, Information Prentice

and

Hall, Englewood Information

.Cliffs, New Jersey, 1990. p. x l l I.

JournaL, VoL 6, No.1.,

J. and Estes, 1., Geographic Systems, On - cit. p. 12.


Systems., Oxford University

Systems Support Planning in Metropolitan D. C., 1968. D. J., Raster Data Handling

13- Huxhold, Information

W.o An futroduction to Urban Geographic


Press, New

Areas, Wash~gton,

in Geographic

York, 1991, pp. 29 - 39. 1~ ti UL.!JI i.a.L. ~


.f"""_,.1 I ~ ~ -: L' _I

Information Systems., Buffalo, New York Geographic


J~

u11'
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Pixels ~J
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Sys. University of New York Press, 1977. Information Systems,. IV.,

"Picture - Cells" .Jt..-..1i.! ~f


UWJI

4-wl.)J

K., 1., Land Resources and Computing, A., Geographic 1986.

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Spatial and Attribute Resolution Issues, in: Symposium on Cartography 7Streich, T. Auto - Carta., Data VoL 2., 1979, pp. 328 - 336 . Processina ~, Geography Dept.,

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15- Huxhold, W., An Introduction


Systems, Op - cit. p. 34.

to Urban Geographic

Unpublished

M. A. Thesis.

California University,

~I~JWI

~I,

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J~.J

16- Brown. C., Implementing a GIS: Common Elements of Successful Sites, Paper Presented Annual
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at the 1989,

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J,r.UI ,jt:w.'il

Conference

of the Urban and Regional

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uA ~4J1

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UJ.lI1 LJ... o~1

Information Systems Association., Boston, pp. 1 - 3.

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17- Tomlin, Dana, Geographic Infonnation Systems and


Cartographic 1990.
- ~(~I

d.c.~

Jt..... '-

)..,1J1 ~

Modeling. Prentice Hall, New Jersey,

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19- Huxhold, W., An Introduction to Urban Geographic . Information Systems, Op - cit. pp. 110 - 125.
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.. II t..WI ~I G . ~~ .,,;~ti.

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Jensen, J. R. and Christensen.


I

E.

r.,

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Haxardous Waste Disposal Site Selection Using Digital Geographic Information System Techniques, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 56, 1986, pp.

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265 - 276.
22- Shelton, R. L. and Ester, J., Integration of Remote Sensing Sensing and Geograpbic of Environment. Ingormation Systems • Proceedings, 13th International Symposium on Remote Ann Arbor, Michigan: Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, 1979, pp. 675 - 692.

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.:..t........ull" 01..",4011 u~ ~ t:~1 • uAW1Ji

Geographic Information system and Cartographic Auaysis By: Dr. Fayez Mohamad Alessawey Assistant Professor Alxandria Univ,
Since the 60's of the 20th century, agreat Infomation
USe

of Geographic

systems (G.LS ) has been begin to produce several to help planners in progessing programs of

maps and information , development .

G.I.S started manualy first and has noticed a greet push after using computers which help in processing data, storing, analysing and presenting of hunderds of models, time. tables and maps in a short

G.I.S become very important after the use of remote

sensing and aerial photometry in presentating master plans to any project. It help in choosing the best way to establish the infra In the otehr hand G.I.S

structure and servies in the urban areas.

help the rural centers to develope its resources by choosing the

suitable crops for cultivation, as well G.1.S. programs succeed to


develope the other natural resources of many regions of the

advaced countries. I In brief: The use of Geographic Information System is very important to ·Geogrphy and many other applied Sciences, therefore,

it

has "noticed

a widespread

use in all world wise Scientific

institutions.

riA

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