:

.1 2004/424

:
/

 ( ) Penetration Of Asphalt

:
)(1mm
) (100 gm )(25 Co
) (1/100cm )(1/10mm

:
.

:
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7

.
( 5cm + 1mm .) 50gm
.
( 25 ).
0.1.
.
.

 :
.1 ) (110 80 .
.2
)(25Co
.3
.
.4 .
.5 25
25 25
.

:
.1 .
.2 50 gm 100
gm . 50gm
.3

.
.4 5 .
.5 .
.6 1cm
. 1cm

0 - 49

50 -149

150 - 249

<250

:
.

66

57

52

56.33

:
( ) 50/60
.

 ( )Ductility of Asphalt

. .
.
.
.

:
)AASHTO T(31 -74
) ASTM D(113 76

:
.

:
.1 ) (25 Co .
.2 (110 80 )Co
.3 ) (1cm
.4 ) (50 mm/min .

:

.

500 -50

50

( )

- 100 .

:


.

 :
:.1
.2
.3
.4
.5

.
.
.
.
.

:
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7

.8

300mm .
.
.
46-36 .
25 36
.
2.5
2.5 .
5 / .

.

:
) )59cm
.

( ) 100-50cm
50cm
.

( )Flash and fire point Test

:

 :
.

:
)1
.
)2 .

:
.1
.2
.3
.4

.
).(Cleveland open cup test
(.)0 -400
.

:
.1
.2
.3

.
.

:
)1
( ) 5 - 6 / .
)2 2cm
.
)3
.
)4
.
)5

.

:

760mmHg

= -760( 0.3+ )
= 200C
= 230C

 ()Sieve Analysis Test

:

.

:
.1 (
).
.2 .

:
.1 .
.2 .

:
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5

.
116 165 .
..
11 .

.

))gm

1.5

81.26

18.74

238.6

238.6

51.12

48.88

622.5

383.9

1/2

36.14

63.86

813.3

190.8

5/16

15.65

84.35

1074.3

261.0

10

13.04

86.96

1107.5

33.2

16

12.47

87.53

1114.7

7.2

18

9.91

90.09

1147.4

32.7

35

8.12

91.88

1170.1

22.7

50

6.36

93.64

1192.5

22.4

80

2.64

97.36

1239.9

47.4

200

100

1273.5

33.6

pan

100

1273.5 gm

 :
(: )u.s.c.s .1 98.3>50%= 200
-( )Gravel ()Sand
.2 :
D10=0.7mm
-

D60=7mm
D30=2.7mm

CU=D60/D10 =10>4
Cc=(D30)^2 /( D60* D10) =1.49> 1

.3 1,2 : ()GW
.4


()California Bearing Ratio C.B.R

:
) (CBR :
.1 ,
) (Subgrade ) (sub-Base ( . ( Base Coarse
.2 ( ) .
.3 .

:
) (CBR : () ()
) 1.954 in ( ( )0.05 in / min
( ) ()
() (.)5.0mm, 2.5mm
() ()q
= CBR

100 X

()

CBR 2.5 > CBR 5

) (CBR :
()2

)(Mpa

)(mm

6.9
10.3
13.00
16.00
18.00

2.5
5.0
7.5
10
12.7

) (CBR
:
()3

AASHTO

03

()Subgrade

A5,A6,A7

3 -7

()Subgrade

A4,A5,A6,A7,

7-20

)(sub-base

A2,A4,A6,A7,

20-50

Base course

A-1-b, A-2-5,
A3,A-2-6

>50

Base course

A-1-a , A-2-4 ,A4

: ( )
= 166
11.64

 :
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8

,:
, (Mold) , ,

.
).(50mm, 20mm, 5mm
( )0.01mm ) (2.27Kg
.
.
.

:
.1
.
.2 .
.3 ( )

.4 () ( )5 ( )56.
.5


.
.6 ( ) .
.7
) (4.5kg .
.8

( 96
) .
.9
()
.
.11 ) (4.5kg

= 1015
10125 1015 10175 1011 1015 102 103 104 105
.
.11
.
.12 .

(C.B.R)
(N/cm2)

)(

10

0.5

15

33

40

2.5

Stress (N/cm2)
120

58

3.75

83
102

5
7.5

118

10

100
80
60
40
20
0
0

Settlement (mm)

Stress at Penetration (2.5mm) = 44 N/cm2

Stress at Penetration (5mm) = 76 N/cm2
C.B.R (2.5mm)=(44/690)*100=6.4
C.B.R (5mm) = (76/1035)*100 =7.4%
There For C.B.R (2.5)< C.B.R (5)
Use C.B.R (5) = 7.4 %

9 10

 :
-

:
(C.B.R)2.5 < (C.B.R)5

()CBR 5.
(C.B.R)5=7.4%
( %)02-7
.
( )C.B.R ( )AASHTO
( )A2, A4 , A6 , A7
).(A-2-6)(0

( %5 ) .

 Los Angelos Abrasion

5775
.

:
ASTM C 131
AASHTO T 96

.
.1
.0
.5
.4

.
.
:
( 722) (522)

( 98)

( 1 . )122
( 4679) ( 582 445) .

:

12

5000

11

4584

3330

 .1 :

1250
25 37.5
25

1250
19
25

1250
12.5 19
10

2500 10

1250
9.5 12.5
10

2500 10

6.3 9.5

2500 10

4.75 6.3

2500 10

2.36 4.75

5000 10

5000
10

5222

25

5221 0

5220

:
.1 5 kg
(. )W1
.0
522 52
55 10

. ) w2)= 4405.4gm
.3 :
(W1x 100 / )W1 w2( = )
:
:W1 .
:w2 .

 :
:
)= (w1-w2)/(w1*100
(=(5000-4405.4)/(5000*100
= 11.9%

:
-

%
)(20 -30
)(30 40
)(40
)(50

- (20 30)% .