:

: ..

Matlab

a=2

2 a.

b = 3;

3 b, .

c=a+b

a b.

x = 1, y = -2 , (
).
b

: 3.

clear b

b .

, b.

clear

v = [7 -2 5]

, .

v = [7,-2, 5]

w = [1; 2; 3] , .
= [4 -2 5; -1 7 -6; 2 3 5]
= [ 4 -2 5
-1 7 -6
2 3 5]

3x3.

( Enter ).

va = abs(v)

va

 v.
sq = sqrt(v)

sq
v.
, sq .

y = sin(pi/6) /6. cos (), tan (),

asin ( .), acos ( .), atan ( .).
y = exp(4)

e4, e .

v'

v.

C1 = eye(4)

4.

C2 = eye(5,3) 5 3 .
C3 = ones(3) 3 .
C4 = eye(2,3) 5 3 .
C5 = zeros(2) 2 .
1 = diag(v) ()
v, v .
A2 = diag(v,k) 0,
k- v.
k = 0 v , k = 1
, k = -1

.
v.
w = diag(A,k) k-
-. To k .
diag ,
.
: ( ),
, ,

. .. sqrt, abs, sin .

u1 = [4:10]

4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ( 1).

v1 = [3:2:8]

3,5,7 ( 2).

t1 = [1:-1/2:-1]

1,1/2,0,-1/2,-1 ( -).

u2 = linspace(4,10,7) 7 4 10 -

, u1.
t1 = logspace(0,3,4) 4 100 103.

n = length(t1)

t1
.

[nr,nc] = size(A)

nr nc .

(1,2)

(4,5) = 3

4,5 3 (
4 5,
).

= [1:5, 2:6] [1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 6] .
1 2 3 4 5
= [1:5; 2:6]
.
2 3 4 5 6
(2,:)

2 .

(:,5)

5 .

(1:2, end-1:end)

4 2
4 5
2 ,
.
5 6

(:, 2:4) = [] 2, 3 4 , .

v = rand(1,3) 1 3
0 1.
= rand(3)

3 .

= rand(3)

3x3 ( ).

S = +

, .

P = *

(m x n) (n x t)
P(m x t).

1.*2

1 2, ,
1, 2.

X1./X2

 1 2.
^3

/ ** ( ).

3 = 1.^3

3 1
3 1.

4 = 1.^2 1 2, ,
4 1
2.
A^(-1)

inv(A)

A\B

: inv(A)*B,
,
.
Ax = b .

max(A)

, -
.
( ), .

max(A,[],1)

, -
.

max(A,[],2)

, -
.

min(A)

max, .

sum(A)

, -
.
( ),
.

sum(A,1)

, -
.

sum(A,2)

, -
.

prod(A)

sum, .

C = reshape([1 2 3;
4 5 6;
7 8 9;
10 11 12], 2,6) 4x3 2 6
1 7 2 8 3 9
C =
,
4 10 5 11 6 12
.

 = C(:)

C -.

z1 = 1-2*i

1 -2.

z2 = 1-2j

z1 ( i j ).

real(z1)

imag(z1)

angle(z1)

s = 'A string example' .
s = num2str(pi,3)

s '3.142'.
2
.

n = str2num('2.34')

n 2.3400...
.

polyval([1 0 -2 12], 1.5)

x 3 2 x + 12 x = 1.5.

roots([1 0 -2 12])

poly([0 -1 2])

(
).

2
t = [0: pi/20: 2*pi];
plot(t, cos(t))

t [0,2 ] /20
.

grid on

title('The Cos Function')

xlabel('t'); ylabel('Cos')

x y .

axis([0 2*pi -1 1])

t [0,2 ]
y [ 1,1] .

plot(t,cos(t),'k-', t,sin(t),'ro')

.
legend('Cos', 'Sin')

semilogy(t, abs(cos(t)))

,
.

semilogx(t, abs(cos(t)))

, .

loglog(t, abs(cos(t)))

subplot(2,2,1)

4 (2 x 2 )
1,
, plot, loglog .

3
x = linspace(-20, 20, 80);
y = linspace(-2*pi, 2*pi, 160);
[,] = meshgrid(x,y)

x y X Y
length(y) x length(x)
X ,
Y.
- x 160
- y'
80 .

surf(X, Y, X.^2.*cos(Y))

x 2 cos ( y ) ,
x [ 20, 20] y [ 2 , 2 ] .

. (.* ./ .^ .\ .),
.

clc

(command window),

 .
help exp

exp.

lookfor exponential

exponential,

help.

Ctrl+C Ctrl+Break

File > New > M-file

m-file

File > Open Ctrl+O

F5 m-file editor
(command window), m-file.

m-file namefun, in1,in2,in3

out1,out2,
function [out1,out2] = namefun(in1,in2,in3)

function out = namefun(in1,in2,in3)

out.
: m-file
, namefun.m

, % .
m-file
help.

%This function finds the sum and the product of two numbers
function [sum1,prod1] = praxeis(a1,a2)
sum1 = sum([a1,a2]);
prod1 = prod([a1,a2]);

praxeis.m
[s,p] = praxeis(2,3) s
5 p 6.


x = input('Enter a value for x')

( )
eps

Matlab (.. 2.22044604925031e-016)

format long

15
.

format short

, 4 .

save('xyfile','x','y') xyfile.mat x y.
load xyfile

workspace (x
y) xyfile.mat.

save xyfile x y -ascii xyfile.txt x y

.
D = load('xyfile.txt') x y,
xyfile.txt D. x y

( ).
-ascii.
fnum = fopen('results.dat','wt')

results.dat (
, )
( , -1
) fnum,
.

'wt', 'rt',
'at', ,
, .

fprintf(fnum, 'Example %s:\n %7.4f %11.3e\n \t...\n', 'One', -100*pi, pi)

fnum (
, command window) 'One' (string), 100*pi pi format . %s

.
%7.4f () 4
,
7 . %11.3e
a 10b . \t
tab \n .
.

 , %
. , .
:
Exapmle One:
-314.1593 3.142e+000
...
a = fgetl(fnum)

fnum
a .
: a = Example One:
2
fnum - b.
3 3 (
).
2 ,
.. b =
fscanf(fnum,'%f',2).
format:

b = fscanf(fnum,'%f %f',3)

b = -314.1593
3.1420

fgetl fscanf,

fgetl
fscanf.
fclose(fnum)

fnum .

type results.dat

results.dat
command window.

x=3<4, y=4>=5

x=1 y=0. To 1 0
. 0 1 logical double.
== (), ~ (), & (), | (). ..
a = 3==3 & (4~=4 | ~1) a=0.


if x>0
disp('Positive')
elseif x==0
disp('Zero')
elseif x<0

, , ,
(
, .. NaN Not a Number) .
To disp command window.

disp('Negative')
else
disp('Error')
end

switch sign(x)
case 1
disp('Positive')
case 0
disp('Zero')

.
,
, 0 1 .
sign 1,0,-1 ,
.

case -1
disp('Negative')
otherwise
disp('Error')
end

k = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

for k=1:10
fprintf('%3.0f',k)
end
k=1;
while k<=10
fprintf('%3.0f',k)
k=k+1;
end


break

return

y = [3 6 9 12 15];
x = [3 4 1

2];

z = y(x)

z = 9 12 3 15 6. x .

zb = z>10

zb = 0 1 0 1 0. To zb logical array.

z(zb)

12 15. To zb ().
zb = [0 1 0 1 0]
z(zb), , 0 1
0.

zi = find(z>10)

2 4, ()
.

z(zi)

12 15. z(zb).
, 2 4 1 length(z)
5.

z(z>10)

all(zb)

0 (false). 1,
0.

any(zb)

1 (true). 1,
0.

nargin, nargout

global V

V
( workspace).

feval('cos',0)

1, , cos(0).
trig_fun
workspace ,
.

trig_fun = inline('cos(x)*sin(x)')