You are on page 1of 22



    


    
      !"
 # $  % & '( )
   &   $   *,+.-0/

23547698;:=< >@? AB: @> C98ED;FG>HFIDK7J4 L AB: 8;> 8;:KM AB: N47O98;47< 6QP
1GRTSVUQ1XW
Y[Z]\7^`_badcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_7npoq g;ilaEZ]r._0ads da ct^vuvswhj_ x o ^'_yizuvs{ZbgEZ]il|wZprvk~}adiadsvg;kmZ]c5wzk~hu{Z]r{Zpads xo
n oq ] nw x=o x o
xIo x o
K ZpgEZ]il|wZpkhju{Z]rvZbadswKg;ia;Z7u.s g;Z]\0^'_ba;sQ5wkm|]u{Z]cZ
oq ]
] K
I
Qw Q y
w Q y9
g;_]s ] ` sv_]hjZ]iXu.aa;c,ya;gfhj_yi xHo x o uvaZ r.a;r.acZgEZ]il|wZ{Z]hZadc^.uvswhj_Brv_]svrva
uva;ila;\7_yzgEZcmg;u.cZ]ia;cTg;Z]\7^`_@adcfade gdhjilkmgd_pa;zkm|]u{Z]c`Z xo x o @w " p ^'_yihjZ]swhj_
a;c[]a;gfhj_yibuvsvkhZ]ilkm_BadsQadjZrvkmila;gdg;k_]e sa; x=o x o I { ZBg;_y\7^`_
svadshayadilhkmgEZc,r.a;c,gEZ]\7^`_ a;cfa;e gdhik~g;_ Z]swhja;ilx=o km_y iXx oa; g;_y\7^' a; svQZ]r{Z ^'_yiXcZ g;Q
_y\7 ^'K_y sva;swha0yadilhkmgEZc
rvadcgEZ\0^'_Bg;ilaEZ]r._B^`_]iHcZVgEZ]il|wZlk~hjuvZ]r{ZadsG ^{Z]ijZVya;ilcm_v{Z]lhjZg;_]suvhjk~huvkmiXa;scmZ
a;gdu{Z]gdk_ye s Z]swhjadikm_]iX^'_yi 5 ctg;Z]\0^'_ba;cfa;e gdhik~g;_biaduvchZ]swhjaadGadswhj_ysvgda;
oq & ] {

Qwf
ZijZ " a@gduv\7^vcma adswhj_ysvgda; qz ] ZijZ

^'_rvad\0_]za;gdik~vkmi [ adctgEZ]\7^'_pia;luvc~hjZ]swhjaa;Ga;swh_ysvg;ad
oq ] {


uvaHadIadctgEZ]\7^'_7gdia;Z]rv_^'_yiuvs{Zveu svk~gEZpgEZ]il|wZp^vuvswhjuvZ]crva Gkhju{Zr{Z7ads adcalav_yilkm;_]shjZ]c
a;hj_padrvadvkmrv_@ZuvaZX|yijZ]s.rva;[r.kmlhjZ]svgdkZ],g;_y\7^{Z]iZ]r{Z],g;_]scZXrvkmhZ]svgdkZ KuvaKla;^{ZijZ@cZ
rv_yg;Z]i|wZ;{a;ctaf}a;gfhj_7a;g;_y\7_bktadlhZIrv_]Gg;Z]i|yZ]zakmadijZ]svKluvswhjZ]

K ~V _yia;ct\7kml\0_@\7_]hk~y_puvaads adct^vi_y.cma;\0ZpZ]swhjadik~_yi;vcmZ@rv_yzg;Z]i|wZ0g;_]cm_gEZ]r{Z[a;s
cZ@]a;ilhkmg;Z]ctrva;ct^.uvswhj_7rv_ysvrvaXuva;ila;\7_ygEZ]c~g;uvcmZ]i[adctgEZ]\7^`_ rv_ysvrvaadlh Zbe khju{Zr{Z7cmZ@gEZ]il|wZV
g;_]\0^'a;svZ]sVa;swhjila; e a;ctgEZ\0^'_ba;cfade gdhikmgd_bu.aXgdia;Z]s adsadctg;a;swhi_7rva;ctg] e igduvcm_ Zprv_]Gg;Z]i|yZ]
k~|yuvk~a;swhjadgdiaEZsuvsgEZ]\7^'_Vuvabkmadsva0rvZ]rv_V^`_yicmZadg;u{Zg;k_]e s ^{Z]ijZ cmZ
gEZi|wZuvaHa;lh{Ze _y.iaHadcala@v_yilkm;_]shjZ]cg;ilaEZuvs9g;Z]\7^`_7hZ]\@.kfa;e s r{Z]rv_^`_yi g;_]sz
5 ctgEZ]\7^'_7ila;luvc~hjZ]swhjaa;sVa;ctgda;swhjil_0rvadctgy e ig;u.cm_ba;a;swh_ysvg;ad
oq & ] ] t {

cmZp}u.a;i;Z0ZpcmZ@u.aadlh Zbe _]\0afhjkmrvZ@cZpgEZ]il|wZV^.uva;hZ0ads ada^vuvswh_a;o zoq


K~ kmr{Z\0_yGa;c@Z]e sv|yu.cm_QZ^{Z]ihjkmiGrvadcalaya;ihjk~gEZ]c sBadcmad\0adsh_rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]crvapZ]ilg;_
khju{Zrv_7Z7uvsZ]e sv|]uvcm_b rvacmZHya;ihjk~gEZ]ctgdiaEZbuvsVgEZ]\7^'_7ads adct_yik~|ya;sr.agd__yilrva;svZ]r{Z]
n oq ] nw  la;sI g;_y  

g;_]sn 
 n Zu.a na;cmZ0cm_]sv|yk~huvrr.a;cadcma;\7a;swh_rvk~}adiadsvg;kmZ]c r.abZ]igd_ cgEZ\0^'_
g;ilaEZ]r._0^'_yiza;cZig;_7g;_]\0^vc~adh_pa;sVuVg;a;swhi_ada;swhj_ys.g;a;
oq 
 
npoq  la;s  G
 

ZbuvaXcZ@g;_] \0
^' _ysvadshav_yik~;_yswhjZ]crvadctgEZ]\7^`_bila;u.c~hZshaa;g;adi_7^`_yizlkm\7adhiE e ZvZ]c~|y_puvaa
^vuvadrvaXg;_y\7^vi_]{Z]izrvk~ia;gfhZ]\7a;swhaZc{Z]gda;icZ@k~sha;|yiZ]c  
la;sGpn
K  s adcma;\7a;swh_0rvk}a;ila;svgdkZ]c5Ekhju{Zrv_ZpuvsvZ7rvk~l hjZ]
svg; kmZbrvadct_yik~|ya;srvag;__yilrva;s{Zr{Z]
g;ilaEZXa;s7a;lha"veu chjk~\0_=^.uvswhj_Xuvsg;Z]\0^'_Xnpoq ]  n ZXu.aIcmZg;Z]i|yZuvahjk~a;svarvk~gv_
a;c~a;\7a;swhj_ rvk~}adiadsvg;kmZ]c a;nw  n c5gEZ]\7^'_ ila; u. c~hZsh a0r.a0luv\ZiXh_r{ZcZrvk~lhikm.uvg;kE_ye s
g;_]shkmsu{ZbrvagEZ]il|wZpa;
oq 
  ]  n n n ]  n c~s   n n   n {
!




K# " sVa;cT ade ilhjk~g;akms}a;ik~_yik~;uvk~a;ir._7adcgEZ\0^'_pg;ilaEZ]rv_7^'_yizgEZ]rvZbu.s{ZprvacZ][g;Z]i|yZ] lkms
g;_]shjZ]icZpgEZi|wZpuvaa;h Zbe k~hu{Z]r{Zpads rvk~gv_7^vuvswhj_ ad
%oq $
&   ] ,& &  
(*) + '
(-) +
(*)
+ '
'
@luv^ kmd
Hkms.}adi rvg{Z
pluv^ rvg{Z
&
 .


^'_yi[hZsh_0cmZH}uva;ilEZbuvalkmadshauvs{ZbgEZ]il|wZlk~hjuvZ]r{Zpa;sVrvkmg._0^vu.sh_0ado %oq $

Z]iZbadctad|yuvsvrv_0gEZ]l_v{a;ctg;Z]\7^`_padcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_bgdiaEZrv_0^'_yizcmZ]zg;u{Zhji_7gEZi|wZ]zad
oq ] / & ] / &   ] 3 2


&

1
0

1
0
'
(-)
+
'
(*)
+
'
(-)
+
@

v
u
^
m
k
d

pkms}a;i k~;
@k~s.}a;i rvg{Z



4w
] / &   ]T &  4K  4  G
&
0 (-)
'
+
puv^ rvgvZ
5 _hZ]iu.a=a;c yadgdhj_]izu.aKZ.^'_yiala;\7^vc~_vrva=cZXgEZ]il|wZk~s.}a;ilkm_yi,rvadia;gvZpZ]c`^.uvswhj_p\7a;rvk~_rvadc
hjiZ]\7_=ya;ihjk~gEZ]c{k~;uvkmadirv_ad x o & & X ^'_yihjZ]swhj_a;cv]a;gdh_yi5uvsvkhZ]ilkm_=ads7hjZ]cvrvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye s

a;  
K# 6 cvg;Z]\7^`_adcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_oq q gd_ys q 87 5%9 Ykms.rvkmg;Z=u.aGcmZK^vcmZ]gEZ=luv^`adik~_yi
rvadctg;_ysvr.a;svZ]rv_yiG^vcZsv_pa;h Zbe gEZ]il|wZ]r{Zp svad|wZhjkZ]\0adswhja ^'_yi[hZsh_p]ZbZpiad^`adcmadiIZca;c~a;gdhi{_ye s
o < ; oq [rv_]svrva
: a;swhi_r.a;cGg;_ysvr.a;svZ]rv_yi0cZ9}uva;ilEZuvaZ]gdhTveu Z"l_yvia a;ca;c~a;gfhji{_]e sa; 
!
$
>
Q
Y
d
a
[

Z
E
g
]
Z
l
i
w
|

Z
.
r
;
a
'
c
;
a
m
c
d
a
d
g

h
{
i
y
_
e

`
^
]
_

h
H
_
d
a
l

Z
{
i
H
Z
e
l

y
_
0
\
f
a
j
h
~
k
v
r
_HZXuvs{Z@Zg;a;c~a;iZ]g;kE_ye s

; =7 
?@
< ; q
 ; q
H C
A D o C
EGF
EGF

@B
o 

g;_]s EGF J
I y 7  $K | sHcmZGZsha;ilkm_yia;gdu{Z]gdk_ye sXa{ZGr.a;^.ia;gdkZ]r._KcZz}uvadiEZ|yiZkhZh_yikmZ
_]via5a;c]a;cmadgdhi{_ye s Zuva5uX\ZjZ[a;\@u ^'a;uva s{L Z uvadlhj_Guva5^`_]itrvNa M{s.kmg;kE_ye scZzZg;a;c~a;iZ]g;kE_ye s
a;cZXrva;ilk~Z]r{ZrvaKcmZ]a;c~_gdkmr{Z]r0g;_ys0iad^'a;gdh_bZ]c{hjk~a;\7^`_vwcmZ]a;c~_gdkmr{Z]r0aI_y.hjk~a;svaIZ^vZ]ilhkmi5rva
cZbZ]gda;c~a;ijZg;k_]e skmswhjad|yijZ]s.rv_bg;_ysViad^'a;gdh_Z]c`hjkmad\0^'_
?@
; q
R Q C, 
A C
@BPO
O R Q EGF S
O 
O 
rv_ys.rva R Q C a;Ts  R Q gd_yU g;_]s V
G7 , W \ 9  9 Y
X 3Z \ [ cmZ
^'_yk~g;k_]e sVO la_y.hjO k~a;svak~swhja;|]ijO Z]sv r._7u.O s{Zb]a;X\Ze zg;O _ysViad^'a;gdh_Z]c`hjkmad\0^'_
?@
; q
R Q C 
A
EGF S
S
O
@B
O R Q  S
a;sVcZpuvarvad^'aZ]svr._a;chkmad\0^'_p_y.ha;svad\0_yuvshjk~i_p^{ZijZ]_]e cmkmgd_@rvaa;gdu{Z]gdk_ye s
p O RR QQ C ; q R Q
! I
EGF
O
O
ZijZuvapa;ca; cmadgdhi{_ye s9c~cma;|]uv aHZcmZ^vcmZ]gEZluv^'a;ik~_yiKla@hjk~a;sva@uvapgduv\7^vcmk~iIuva ^ ]]X gd\ laEZ
_]cmuvgdk_ye s9rvapcmZa;gdu{Z]gdk_ye s ! I f ^vuva;hj_uvabcZl_ycmu.g;k_]e sBrvapcZadg;u{Zg;k_]e s w `
_jb
a a;

_dc _ a a;c'uva=afek~lhZX_yc~uvg;kE_ye sr.a;^'a;svrvaKrvaKlk`c~_HuvaKvZ rvadswhji_pr.aKcZkmswha;|yiZ]c a;




\0Z _yiu. agda;i_. ZIu.acmZGiZ kme 5g;uvZ]rvijZr{ZGr.auvss=veu \0adi_svad|wZhjky_Ga; uvsHsKveu \7a;il_km\0Z]|ykmsvZ]ik~_


s suvadlhi_g;Z]_.{a;sva;gda;Z]ik~_0uva
R Q C T g  h ; q
g
q

d
a
s


y
h ;

O RQ
EGF R Q
EGF
O

O 
O 
ikj
$
[ gd_y\0_ la;s 
Hl7 \ 9 ^`adi_ h ; q m7 $ \ 9 ysv_cmc~a;|wZIZKcZI^vcZ]g;Z
EGF
u.^`adikm_]i O
nRoUp qsrutfvktfwyx*z,{ | hjiZ\0Z]sva;iZ0rva_y.ha;svadi=a;c\0k~\7_0ila;luvc~hjZ]rv_adK^{Z]ihjk~a;svrv_rvaHuva@lkadc
a;c~a;gfhji{_]e ssv_@^{Z]ihja=gd_ysa;s.a;i|v e ZHgdkmsafe hjkmg;Zl}u M{g;k~a;swhja{sv_@c~cma;|yZ]i{ZXe ZpZ]cmg;Z]sv;Z]icmZH^vcmZ]gEZXuv^'a;ilkm_yi
rvapZg;uvadirv_gd_ysBcZ7g;_ys.a;iZ]g;kE_ye sBrva@cmZ0adsva;il|{ e Z\7a;gZ]e svk~gEZ.'cm_0u.aHZ]iE e Z7cmZ0a;s.a;i|v e Zgdkmsafe hjkmg;Z
rvadcadcmadgdhjiv_ye sa;km|]u{Z]ctZp\7a;sv_yc~_pu.aXZ]i; e Z@cZ@adsva;il|{ e Zp^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]c
~
q  , EG F EG F ~k T < ; ~
O
O
rv_ys.rva ~ a;cmZzrvkmilad}a;s.g;kZrva^`_]ha;svgdkZ]cwadswhjiacZ]^vcmZ]gEZr.a;cg;_ys.rva;svZ]rv_yidyuvaadsHadcg;Z]_Irva
uvsgd_ysvrvadsvjZ]r._yi[^vcmZ]sv_Had[km|]u{Z]c'Z]c'gEZ]\7^`_a;cfa;e gdhik~g;_H\Huvc~hkm^vc~kmgEZrv_^`_]icZXrvkmhZ]s.g;kZXa;swhjila=cZ
^vcmZ]gEZ]d ~ h q 7 U 9 \ 7 \ 
. Z@g;_ys.rvkmgdk_ye s\ e svk~\ZX^{Z]iZbuvaadc
a;c~a;gfhji{_]e sXluvlh_@cmc~a;|yu.aKZXcZ^.cZ]g;Zu.^`adikm_]iad[uvaKluya;c~_gdkmr{Zr M{s{Zc`v_ye cm_Xhja;s.|wZHg;_]\0^'_ysvadsha
v_yilkmd_yswhZ]c Z]g;_]ir{Z]ila rva5uva5g;_]\0_zsv_{Z s.kmsv|yu.s{Z}uva;ilEZa;sa;cwala v_yilkm;_]shjZ]c cmZyadcm_g;kmrvZ]r
a;sadlhaKalaIsv_@^vu.a;rva=r.km\7kmsuvk~i g;_yU Xg;_yscm_Xu.a=cZyadcm_g;kmrvZ]r\ e svk~\Zgd_yscmZuva
hjk~a;svauva^{Z]ihjk~iza;cta;c~a;gfhji{_]e sV^vZ]ijZbO Z] c~gEZ]svO ;Z]izcZp^vcmZ]gEZ@luv^'a;ik~_yia;
EGF
EGF
O gd_y  O < ; h q
ads  h ; q
y
EGF
O
uvaXa;a;ct\7kml\0_pila;u.c~hZrv_bu.a w
ca;cmadgdhi{_ye ssv_VZ]c~gEZ]sv;ZcZ^vcmZ]gEZluv^'a;ik~_yi g._g;Zgd_yswhjiZVcmZ^vcZgEZrvabcZuvab^{ZilhjkE_e Z
uvs{Zbrvk~lhZsvg;kmZpuvakma;s.aXrvZ]r{Zb^`_yizcmZ@a;gdu{Z]g;kE_ye s  I ^{ZijZ . \
K c g;Z]\0^'_g;ilaEZ]r._V^'_yiuvsadcma;\7a;swh_Vr.k~}a;ila;svgdkZ]c  n rvapg;Z]i|yZadsuvs^.uvswhj_VZuvs{Z
Z]chjuviZXIrva;c alakmadsvar{Z]rv_Hnboq ]  n  npToq rv_ysvrva  a;,cZrvadsvk~r{Z]r
w
cmk~svaEZc{rvaKg;Z]i|wZ  npoq a;cZg;_y\7^'_ysva;swhaKrvadc`g;Z]\0^'_Xa;cfade gdhikmgd_^'a;il^`adsvrvk~g;uvcmZ]iZc{ala

uvaKZ]c'uv\0Z]i5hj_rv_y,cm_y,a;c~a;\7a;swhj_y,rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]cmad5rva=Z]ilg;_@laIZ]sZg;_]\0^'a;svZ]iu.sv_ygd_ys
_]hi_yd{u.a;r{Z]s.rv_Z]; e
oq ]  ]T v

w ,
w f
^{ZijZ P
oq ] {

ZB}uva;ilEZu.a ZgdhT{eu ZBl_yvilaVu.sQadcma;gfhjiv_ye sk~hu{Z]rv_9adsQcmZB^`_]kmgdk_ye sadsQcmZBuvaVZ]gEZ]vZ]\0_]@rva


gEZcmg;u.cZ]i[adctgEZ]\7^'_7adcfade gdhjilkmgd_7ad
o  <; oq  ]; {

uvazhjk~a;sva[uvazla;i k~|yu{Z]c]rvazZg;uvadirv_g;_]s7cmZKad|yuvsvrvZ a rva 5 Na zhj_]sZ=cZ=\0Z]jZIrva;cvadcmadgdhjiv_ye s
^'_yizuZ]g;adcma;iZ]g;kE_ye s
n
]T ; EGF n v
S
n / ;

n EGF 0
S
lhjZveu c~hkm\0Za;g;uvZ]g;kE_ye sadHcZrva0uvs \7_k~\0k~a;swhj_VZ]il\_ye s.kmg;_ n n gd_ys}ila;g;u.a;svgdkZ

S
;
s{ZhuvijZc
] cZ@}iadg;uvadsvg;kmZ ,kmadsvarvNa M{s.kmr{Zb^`_]i 9y
EGFl
K# Z}u.a;i;Zrva9iad^vuvcmlk_ye sa;swhjila"cmZ]r._ygEZ]il|wZ]d ]T , & ad <s  Gcmc~adZrvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye s
v_yilkmd_yswhZ]c adscmZ^'_ylkmg;kE_ye srva7a;uvkmc~kmvilkm_hkmadsvabu.aadigd_y\7^`adsvjZ]rvZV^'_y icZg;_]\0^'_ysvadsha
v_yilkmd_yswhZ]c rva0cZhjadsvkE_ye s la;s  _yi_hji_VcZrv_vcZg;_y\7^'_ysva;swha7]a;ilhkmg;Z]c5rva0cmZha;svlk_ye sT
Bgd_yU
{aduvkmc~kmviZHa;ct^'a;l_0rvag;Z]r{Zb`_ycmZ. ^`_yizc~_phZ]swhj_

j
h
]
Z
s





C
] ,& la;s E
rvarv_ys.rvalarva;l^`aZ
K# a;svk~a;svr._a;s g;uvadswhZ0uvaXcZ@ha;svlk_ye sVk~a;svar{Zr{Z7^'_yiQ o a;s  g;_]U  adc

^'a;_7^'_yio T E cmZ@}uva;ilEZbrva;vk~r{ZbZ]cg;Z]\0^'_ba;cfa;e gdhik~g;_bg;_ys.lhZsha

o Xoq m 7 , 7 , G

a;c{Z]c~_yi5rva ,a;s0cZ^`_]kmgdk_ye sbrvaIa;uvk~cmkm.ikm_laI_].hjk~a;svaGrvkmila;gfhZ]\7a;swhjarvaIcZg;_]svrvkmgdk_ye s7uva


cZpluv\ZprvacmZ][hjila;z}uva;ilEZ]Ga;gda;i_

Bla;s  m 7

g;_ys 7
E

g;_]s E  K |  D .,Z
K c gEZ]\7^'_Vadcfade gdhjilkmgd_Vgdia;Z]rv_V^`_yiadc5Z]svkmc~cm_ads^.uvswhj_yZcm_cZ]il|y_rvadc,alabu.a0^{ZjZ
^'_yiIlugda;swhjil_ ZvZ0k~rv_7gEZ]c~g;uvcmZ]rv_ba;s oq ]T gd_yscmZ7g;Z]i|yZ7rvadc
w f
Z]svk~cmc~_ Z}uvs.g;k_]e
s ` ila;^vila;la;swhZ]rvZa;shjiZ];_Vg;_yswhkmsuv_adscmZkm|]uvkmadsha
w f
M{|yu.ijZ.^vila;adswhZ u.s"aehjiad\0_ \Ze ekm\7__\ e svk~\0_ a;sZ]uvadcmcm_]KZ]cm_yila;rva7b^{Z]iZc~_yuva


a
derivad

f(x)

c Zrvadik~Z]rvZ ila;^vila;la;swhZ]rvZ
g;uvZ]svrv_ d E e
?@@@
oq 9
A
@@@B
oq I 9
W

x/a

;a shijZ]d_rvk~g;_]shkmsuv_ n -n laEZ"g;a;il_vza;0rva;gdkmid

laX_].hjk~a;sva
v
]T
.
{
] w

23547698;:=< >@? AB: >@C98EDEF>@FGDK7J4 L AB: 8;> :KM AB: >@O9??GP1=XR


171bUQ1 R1

oq n o  R gd_ysn o yadgdh_yia;cmad\ r.k~}a;ila;svgdkZ]cTrvauv^'a;i}
K scm_y7^vil_yvcmad\Z0adscm_y7uvaBlaBuvkmadijZuhjkmc~km;Z]ipcZ a r.aZ]uvdzcm_^vik~\0adi_"a;
a;hjuvr.kZ]iuae km\7adhiE e Zhkma;s.aa;cIgEZ]\7^'_a;cfa;e gfhjik~g;_ oq a;l}Eade ik~gEZ kKiZ]rvkmZ]cm\7a;swhjaZ]cma rva]_
Z]^vu.shjZ{Z]gdkZ.{u.sveu svkmgd_b^vuvswhj_ Tgdkmc e svrvilkmgEZ ~ g;_yswhjk~su{Z]g;kE_ye sVa@Z^vcmk~gEZpcZ a rvaZ]uvl
a;c~km|yk~a;svr._Vgd_ys_l_yVg;_y\7_ luv^'a;i Mvg;kma7rva7kmswhjad|yijZg;k_]e s o uvs{Z luv^'a;i Mvg;kma7g;adiiZ]r{Z uva7hjadsv|wZ
uvs{Zbk~\0afhji; e Z@cm_p\Z]e z^{Zia;gdkmr{ZbZbcZ@rvadctgEZ]\7^'_7adcfade gdhjilkmgd_ Z]; e oq ha;svr.i{Zbe cZ@\7km\0Z@rvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye s
uva=adc']a;gdh_yizn=o oq n= o q n Z]rvad\Ze Qoq hja;s.rvi{ZHe adc`\7kml\0_Z]c~_yi5a;shj_rv_y,cm_]^vu.sh_y
rvarvk~g{Zpuv^'a;i M{g;k~aXgd_yscm_puva oq n= o q n 5 _]hjZ]izuvasv_bk~a;\7^viala=]ZbZp^'_rvadi
a;lg;_y|]a;i@uvsvZuv^'a;i M{g;k~
a tf ww0uvag;u.\0^vcmZVadlhjZB^vi_y^.kma;rvZ]r^{ZijZ x*z z u.@^vuvswhj_] Y
k~s
a;\H{Z]i|]_vlkadcgEZ\0^'_ adcfade gdhjilkmgd_ hjk~a;sva0cZ}u Mvg;kmadswhjalkm\7adhji; e Z.;e uvala0ZBZ ^'_rva;iXa;c~a;|yk~i
uvs{Zu.^`adi M{gdkmaVg;a;ilijZ]rvZhjZ]czuva cmZ9^vi_y^.kma;rvZ]rrvaZiik~{Z9ag;u.\0^vcmZ9^{Z]ijZ\@uvg._ybrva luv
^vuvswh_y;\0k~a;swhjiZ]uvaI^{Z]iZa;c tfx*z rvaKc~_y5^vuvswhj_][rvaGcZuv^'a;i M{g;k~aK_]viaIcZu.aKkmswha;|yiZ]\0_]
aK_y.hjadsv|wZ@uva oq n o a;lh_yveu chjkm\7_y ^vu.sh_y[sv_Hrva;ssvk~sv|yuvsvZHg;_yswhikm.uvg;kE_ye sZ `oq n o
a;i^'_yizalad\0^.cm_ba;ct^vil_yvc~a;\0Z
y a;ct^vil_yvc~a;\0Z

ssu.a;lhi_gEZ_v^.uva;hj_9uvacZVrvkmhjilkmvuvgdk_ye s"rvag;Z]i|yZa;@u.svk~}_yil\0acmZ rvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye srvadc


gEZ\0^'_adcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_7a;KijZ]rvkmZ]c ^`_]iIc~_7hjZ]swhj_cmZ7luv^'a;iMvg;kmaH\Z]e 9.eu hkmct^{Z]iZZ]^.cmkmg;Z]i_y.iaHadcmcmZ7adc
hjad_yiad\Zprva^Z]uvlGadIu.s{Zpa;l}adijZ

oq n= o q ] x


g;_]s adc'
iZ]rv k~_Xr.aIcmZXadl}a;iZ _.eu svkmgd_XuvaIuva;r{ZX^`_]i,ila;l_yc~]a;i,a;,cZgEZ]il|wZXuvaGuva;rvZrvadshi_
rvacZpluv^`adi M{gdkmag;adiiZ]r{Zb_yvilacZpuvava;\7_ykmswhjad|yijZrv_
kIcZ"a;l}adijZ l_yvia9cmZuvaBadlhjZ]\0_]kmswhjad|yijZsvrv_hkma;s.auvsiZ]rvkm_\0adsv_yi0u.a $ sv_
gd_yswhjkmadsvas{Z]r{Zbr{ZpgEZi|wZ
kcZGa;l}adijZKr.a[ijZ]r.km_ gd_yswhjkmadsva[cmZIg;_]ilhjadEZKk~swhja;ilkm_yi^'a;i_Ksv_=cmc~a;|wZIZIcmZIg;_]ilhjadEZ=a eha;ilkm_yid
$ x
K ]adsh_ysvgda; rvadshi_rvacZIluv^'a;i Mvg;kmag;a;ilijZ]rvZKrva[k~sha;|yiZ]g;kE_ye sX{Z uvsvZKgEZ]il|wZ
$
a Qgda;iiZ]r{Z7_yswhjkmadsvaXZ7cmZ]rv_yg;_]ilhjadEZ]d x I {a;swhj_ys.g;a;KcZpgEZ]il|wZpa;s
kcmZbluv^'a;i Mvg;km
lu k~sha;ilkm_yizadG $
?@@@
x $
@@

$
$ x

4y
q A @@ ] x

@@@B
g

$
] x x K
K k : a}_yi\0Z@k~\0k~cZ]iZ]ct^vil_yvcmad\ZbZ]swha;ik~_yi;.cZprvkmhjilkmvuvgdk_ye suvs.k~}_yil\0a=r.ag;Z]i|wZp{Zg;a
uvaoq c~cmad]aHrvk~iadg;g;kE_ye sBiZ]rvkZc ^`adi^'a;svr.kmg;u.cZ]iKZ]c alaprva;c g;k~cmkms.rvi_ foq Z]cmacm_\7kml\0_7a;s
\_ye rvuvc~_p^{Z]ijZphj_rv_yzc~_yz^vuvswh_yIuvaXa;hade sBZbcZ@\7km\0Z@rvk~lhZsvg;kmZ@rva;calarvadctg;k~cmsvk~svrvi_.

^'_yiKhjiZhZiaHrva@uvsg;k~cmk~svrvi_7rvapc~_ysv|ykhjuvr km}s M{s.k~hZ oq s._hjkmadsva@gd_y\0^'_ysvadswhja@^{ZijZ]c~a;cZ0Z]cala
rvadc gdkmcmk~svrvil_ [ s{Z\0Z]sva;iZ7r.ayadiKadlhZ.eu c~hjk~\Z^vi_y^.kma;rvZ]radKr{Z]ilag;uvadshjZuvaH^vu.a;lh_uva
a;ctgdkmc~kmsvrvil_@a;Gkms M{svk~h_ uVgEZi|wZpa;h Zbe rvkmhjilkmvuvk~r{ZHuvs.k~}_yil\0ad\0adsha].ha;svad\0_]hjZ]swhZpgEZi|wZbZ
cm_cZ]il|y_Hr.a;cTala=ZHcmZk~;uvkmadir{ZrvaKuvs^.uvswhj_pg;uvZ]cmuvk~a;ijZXg;_y\7_@Zurvadia;gvZ ^`_yicm_XhZ]swhj_.
cZg;_y\7^`_]sva;swhjac~_ysv|ykhjuvr.kms{Z]c Z@c~_@cZi|y_rva;cala=g;ilaEZ]rvZb^'_yicZH^{Zilhjak~;uvk~a;irvZHagd_y\0^'a;s.jZ
g;_]scZgdia;Z]r{Z ^'_yicmZ^vZ]ilha7r.a;iadg{Z | hijZ\Zsva;iZadHZhjiZE5ade r.a7u.s Z]il|yuv\7a;swhj_uva7a
rvk~g;uhjkmivZpe a;sVa;ctk~|yuvk~a;swhja^vil_yvc~a;\0Z
ZIuv^'a;i M{g;k~azg;a;ilijZ]rvZ=rva[kmswha;|yiZ]g;kE_ye sHad a;spa;hjazg;Z]_uvspgdkmc~kmsvrvil_Ir.azijZ]rvk~_ ygd_ysvg'ade swhjik~g;_
g;_]sa;c5gdkmcmk~svrvil_gEZ]il|wZ]rv_vc~_ysv|ykhjuv
r gda;iiZ]rv_ ^`_yirv_]hjZ]^{Z]X^'a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]ila;XZ]c5alabrvadc
g;k~cmk~svrvi_ [ ZXu.aIcmZXrvk~iadg;g;kE_ye s7rva oq Z]c a;i,ijZrvkZ]cwa;,^`adi^'a;svr.kmg;u.cZ]i,Z]c{yadgdh_yin o r.aKcZ,r._y
hZ^{Z];{adswhj_ysvgda;

oq
oq

n= o 

n= o 
 ~E
' (-) +
oq n= o q x &
+

'
(*)

q  n
Y_y\7_Hadsa;c'^vi_y.cma;\0ZHZsha;ilkm_yid^vZ]ijZha;il\0k~s{Z]i5rvaZ]^.cmkmg;
Z]i5c Z a rv=a Z]uvl[{_ye c~_Huvadr{ZH^'_yi
gEZcmg;u.cZ]itcmZGg;Z]i|wZuva,u.a;r{ZKr.a;swhjil_Krva,a;hjagdkmc~kmsvrvil_zg;adiijZrv_Kgd_yshjZ]^{Z] ^vZ]ijZ x $ sv_G{Z
gEZi|wZ=rvadswhji_ ZuvazcmZKuv^'a;i M{g;k~agEZ]il|wZ]r{Z=\Z]e gda;ig;Z]s{Za;h Z=e }uvadijZ ^{ZijZ $8 x I wuvs{Z
.

{^ Z]ihjazrvazc~_ysv|ykhjuvrHcZha;ijZcsr.azcZ=u.^`adiM{gdkmazgEZi|wZ]rvZk~swhja;ilkm_yi uva;r{Zrvadshi_rvadcvg;k~cmkms.rvi_=gd_ys
hZ^{Z]=l_yviaHa;cuva@adlhjZ]\0_]=kmswhjad|yijZsvrv_v`cmuvad|y_  $&d$f ^'_yiveu chjkm\7_v{^{ZijZ
x K cZpuv^'a;i M{g;k~aHrvak~sha;|yiZ]g;kE_ye sg;_yswhkma;s.auvsv Z7^{ZilhjaX rvacm_]sv|yk~huvrcZha;iZ]c9hjZ]swhj_7rvacmZ
m
u.^`adi M{gdkma@g;Z]i|wZr{Z0k~sha;ilkm_yig;_]\0_7rvaHcmZ0a eha;ilkm_yid'c~uva;|]_  $&d$ K &d
a;g;_]ir{Z]izuvacmZ@uv^'a;i M{g;k~aXcmZhjadijZ]c'rvauvsg;k~cmk~svrvi_rvaijZ]r.
km_0 Rcm_ys.|yk~huv\r 9ad & Y_ys
hj_rv_ba;hj_bhjadsva;\7_y
?@@@
$-$
x $
@@

$&d$

$ x
&

q A @@

x
x
@@@B
$&$ K &d $-$ K

x K
x&

x
[ cZbia;cmZ]g;kE_ye sVa;swhjilaHcZGr.a;svlkmr{Z]r.a;Kr.aHgEZi|wZbrvaHcmZ]rv_yGuv^'a;i M{g;k~a;=^vZ]ijZbuvaHadcg;Z]\7^`_7a;s
a;cta ehja;ilkm_yi x K laEZbg;adi_7rva;'aa;i
$
$
y
K
gd_y\0_badGcE_ye |yk~g;_vrvakm|]sv_b_y^vuvadlhj_
K ctgEZ]\7^'_0adcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_bgdiaEZrv_0^'_yiuvsV^vcZsv_bkm}s M{s.k~hj_pg;Z]i|yZ]rv_7g;_ysVuvs{Zbrva;s.kmrvZ]rlu
^'a;i Mvg;kZc{rvagEZ]il|wZ pwy zvkt a^vu.a;rvaGgEZ]c~g;uvcmZ]i5Z]^vc~kmg;Z]svrv_cmZ a rva XZuv _yi5k~\0afhji; e Z.
cZ=r.kmiadg;gdk_ye s@adlhjZ]a;rvaoq hkmadsva[uvaadi ^`adi^'a;svrvk~g;uvcmZ]iZc.^vcmZ]sv_ g;_ysbadswhjkmr._XvZ]g;kmZ=Z}uvadijZ
rvadc{^vcZ]s._ka;e hjaa;h Ze gEZ]il|wZ]rv_^'_ykhjk]Z\0adsha[_g;_ysbla;swhjk~rv_HZ^vuvswhZ]s.rv_XZ]cv^vcmZ]sv_kvcmZ=gEZ]il|wZ
a;0sva;|yZhjk]Z lhj_a rva;rvu.g;ar.a;cGkm|]uvkmadshaZi|yuv\7a;swh_ adcI^.cZ]sv_"^'_yiba;i0km}s Mvsvk~h_hkmadsva

r
uie
alq
cu
de lo
o gu
gir an

=0

plano
infinito
cargado

no
a

l
a

o
t

e
pu
j

e
r
e

ui

q
l
a

cu

cZ km\7adhiE e ZVrvau.ak|]kmijZ\0_yXg;uvZ]cmuvk~a;iZe sv|yuvc~_a;s h_yisv_BZBuvs alau.ag;_yihja qytfqytfw


pr fvktfwyx*t Z]c ^vcZ]s._a;s9gdu{Z]c~u.kma;iZrva@luv^vuvswh_y;adc^vcmZ]sv_^'a;il\Zsva;gda@kmswZ]ikmZ]swhja ^'_yi
4

u.^vuva;hj_vadlhj_}u.svg;k~_ys{Zlkma;\7^vila@uvapcZr.kmlhik~vuvg;kE_ye sr.apgEZ]il|wZa;sadc^vcmZ]sv_laEZuvsvk}_yi\7a
._yijZVuv^'_ysv|wZ\0_yuva0cZrvkmila;gdg;k_]e srvadcg;Z]\7^`_ oq sv_ada evZgdhZ\0adsha^'a;il^`adsvrvkmgduvcZiZc
^vcmZ]sv_va;r.a;g;k~i;z}_yil\Z"uvs Z]e sv|yuvc~_b
gd_ysuvsalau.a9g;_yihjaB^'a;il^`adsvrvkmgduvcZi\7a;swhja9Zc
^vcmZ]sv_ ya;^i M{|yuviZ swhj_ys.g;a;pu.s|ykmil_rvagdu{Z]c~u.kma;i Z]e sv|yu.cm_ads hj_yilsv_9ZhjZ]cala{Z]gdauva
cZg;_y\7^`_]sva;swhjadrva(oq Z]uvsvuvaba;c ^.cZ]sv_s._VvZg;Z]\@vkmZ]rv_^{ZijZs{Z]r{Z uva;|y_ oq rvad`abla;i
g;_]\0^vc~adhjZ]\0adswhja^'a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]iZc^vcZsv_
Z]iZ"adczgEZ]l_rvaVuvsg;k~cmkms.rvi_9k~}s M{svkhj_9rvaVrva;s.kmrvZ]rQr.aVg;Z]i|yZ"uvs.k~}_yil\0a,adcZ]i|]uv\0adswhj_
}uvsvgdkm_ysvZrva@}_yi\0Zlkm\7kmcZiI^{ZijZuvsalapgd_yilhjZ]svrv_ads^`adi^'a;svrvk~g;uvcmZ]iZ]c alaprvadcg;k~cmk~svrvi_0a;s
g;uvZ]cmuvk~a;ijZ@r.aXluvz^vuvswh_y;{adlhj_7a;dva;sVrvk~ia;gdg;k~sijZ]rvkmZ]cZcTalar.a;ctg;k~cmk~svrvi_ Z@g;_ys.g;cmu.k_]e sa;
uvaXa;cyadgdh_yioq c~cmaf]Z@cmZ@rvkmila;gdg;k_]e sViZ]rvkmZ]ctZ]calarva;ctgdkmcmk~svrvil_
_yc~kmadsvrv_Z]c.^vcZ]s._km}
s M{s.k~hj_.]^{Z]iZZ]^vcmk~gEZ]i cZ a rva XZ]u. cm_ .eu hkmca;hj_]\Z]iuvs{Zuv^'a;i M.
g;k~aKgda;iiZ]r{ZHuvaIhja;s.|wZ@Z]c~|yuvs{Z^{Z]ihjaK^vZ]ijZ]c~a;cmZZ]c'^vcmZ]sv_ Z]E e a;c yadgdhj_]i[rvk~}adiadsvg;kmZ]c'n=o r.aKa;hZ
^{Z]ihja=la;ivZbe ^vZ]ijZ]c~a;c~_@Zoq Z]rvad\Ze oq adi{Z@e gd_ysvlhjZ]swhjaa;sh_r._y[cm_]^vuvswh_yzrva=adlhZ@^vZ]ilha=rva
cZpluv^`adi M{gdkmag;a;ilijZ]rvZ lad\0^vc~_0r.aXluv^'a;i Mvg;kma uvs g;k~cmkms.rvi_@hjZ]^{Z]rv_7g;u Z]Grv_yhZ]^vZ]I^.cZ]s{Z
a;Z]s^vZ]ijZ]c~a;cmZ]zZ]c^.cZ]sv_bg;Z]i|wZrv_

oq n= o  oq n= o  f oq n= o  ' oq (- ) n= o+ q


'

q (- ) + '
q (* ) +


rv_ys.rva ad[a;c=Z]e ia;ZHrva=g;Z]r{ZHu.s{ZHrva=cmZ]hjZ]^{Z]rva;c`g;k~cmkms.rvi_ Tq rva;sv_hZHuva=adc`]a;gdh_yi[rvadc
gEZ\0^'_pa;cfa;e gdhik~g;_pa;sv_]i\0Z]cZ]cT^vcZ]s._v ^`_yizadcmc~_vadcZ]e ilaEZpcZha;iZ]cTrvadcg;k~cmk~svrvi_Hsv_bg;_yswhjilkmvu a
ZpcZ@k~sha;|yiZ]cTr.aZiik~{Z Zpuva^{Z]iZpa;cn=o ^vZ]ijZpa;cTcZha;ijZcTa;^{ZijZ]c~a;cm_@Z]c^vcmZ]sv_ ^'_yi[hjZ]swhj_
^'a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]iZ(oq 1 [ Zp{_]e cm_buva;r{ZbgEZcmg;u.cZ]izcmZ@gEZ]il|wZpu.a{Z r.a;swhjil_rvadctg;kmc~kmsvr.i_HhjZ]^{Z]rv_
a;hZXgEZ]il|wZXv_ye cm_X^vuvadrvaGa;lhjZ]i,a;scmZ^{Z]ilhaIr.a;c ^vcZsv_km}s M{s.k~hj_g;Z]i|wZrv_uvalg;_]ilhZXadc g;kmc~kmsvr.i_v
: aXZ]gduva;ilrv_gd_ys
cZpg;Z]i|wZpuvaXg;_yswhkma;s.aXadlhjZ0^{Z]ihjarvadc^.cZ]sv_bk~}s M{svkhj_pa; 
cZ a rv^a XZ]u._y.ha;svad\0_yadsh_ysvgda;


]q 
q 
T
k~\0^'_yihZ]swhjasv_]hZi u.aIadlhjag;Z]\0^'_ wj z r.km\7kmsu ag;_ys7cZ=rvk~lhjZ]svg;kmZZ]c{^vcmZ]sv_vZrvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ
rvadc'g;Z]\7^`_Xg;ilaEZ]rv_^`_]i,u.svk~cm_km}s Mvsvk~h_Xg;Z]i|yZ]rv_X_adc'g;Z]\7^`_g;ilaEZ]r._H^'_yi5uvs{Zg;Z]i|yZX^vu.shu{Z]c
nRoUp qsrutfvktfwyx*z,{ | hijZK}_yil\Z=r.az_y.hjadsva;i ad,cmZ=k~|yuvkmadswhja rvaGZ]gduva;ilrv_gd_ysba;cvila;luvc~hjZ]rv_
a;cgEZ]\7^'_IgdiaEZrv_K^'_yiuvspZ]s.kmcmc~_zrva,ijZ]rvk~_@ ,ZIuvsvZIrvk~lhZsvg;kmZI,_yvilaadcala^'a;il^`adsvrvkmgduvcZi
Z]ctgda;swhjil_rvadc Zsvkmc~cm_HadIk~|yu{Z]cZ ]T rv_ysvr.aa;GcZpgEZi|wZpuvaX^`_yihZba;cZ]s.kmcmc~_
cZVrvkmila;gdg;k_]e s rvaadlhagEZ]\7^`_ a;@^'a;il^`adwsvrvk~g; uvcmfZ] iH Zc^vcmZ]sv_ rva;cZ]svkmc~cm_ Y_]svk~rva;ila;\7_yHuvaadc
Z]svk~cmc~_0hjk~a;svapu.s"|]i_yl_yi=kms M{svk~ha;lkm\0Z]cw ^`_yiIhZ]swhj_u.sZe iaEZ n { u.s"^.cZ]sv_k~}s M{svkhj_c~_
^'_rvad\0_]g;_ysvhjiluvkmiu.\Z]s.rv_a;lh_yZ]svkmc~cm_yIg;u _ iZ]rvk~_Z]i; e a@r.a {ZlhZ
Z
gEZi|wZuva0cmc~adZVg;Z]r{ZBZsvkmc~cm_a;
n a;c,gEZ\0^'_ gdia;Z]rv_Badsh_ysvgda;p^'_yiu.s ^vcZsv_
kms M{svk~h_pa;

q

y n m
y n
y

uvaXa;a;ctila;u.c~hZrv_bvuvg;Z]rv_ sv_hZ]izuva 


w
I

sVa;ct^.i_yvc~a;\0Z..c~_yzrv_yg;Z]\0^'_yzgdiaEZrv_y^`_]izcm_yz^vcmZ]sv_y[]a;ihjkmg;Z]cmad_ys

?@@
\
oq A @@B

\
y
?@@
\
oq p A @ y
@B
\
g;_]s 7  W Y 9 \
7  W Y 9 \ Y[Zcmg;u.cZ]ia;cgEZ\0^'_0ila;luvc~hjZ]\0adswhjaXa

{Z]gdaHZ v_yijZprvk~iadgdhZ\0adsha
?@@@ y
\
@@@

oq Toq A @@ y \ \
]
@@@

y
@B
\


KD B ZpgEZ]il|wZpu.a{Z r.a;swhjil_0rvauvsvZ7adl}a;iZ7r.aXiZ]rvk~_ a;
?@@@
x
@ ]

 

] n
}*# 
] n A @@ x x _

@@B ]

g _
_ x
hjadsvkmadsvrv_Qa;sgduva;swhjZQuvaadcy_yc~uv\0adsr.auvsvZgd_yilha;EZa;}a;e ik~gEZrvar.aiZ]rvkm_ |]i_yl_yi
kms M{svk~ha;lkm\0Z]ca;km|yu{Zc`Z ] n uvadlhj_Hu.a=cZrva;s.kmrvZ]rrvaIgEZ]il|wZv_ye cm_rva;^'a;svr.a=rvaKcmZ
rvk~lhZsvg;kmZHijZ]r.kZ]ccmZk~\0afhji; e Zr.a;cg;Z]\0^'_@adcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_Ha;zkm|]u{Z]c`Z@cZHrvadc^vil_yvcmad\Z . adcgEZ\0^'_
a;iZ]rvkZc _yicm_hjZ]swhj_vh_y\Zsvrv_g;_]\0_u.^`adi M{gdkmabg;adiijZr{Zrvabkmswhjad|yijZ]gdk_ye s9u.s{ZVadl}adijZrva
ijZrvkm_ 'lagduv\7^vcmauva oq n o q x cZ a rva Z]uvIZ]^vc~kmg;Z]r{ZbZ7adlhaHgEZ_
sv_yr{Z

#
?@@@
x
@@

x
q  A @@ x x _


x
@@@B

_ x
_
x
u.lhjkhju a;svr._a;c ]Zcm_yi=r.apcZgEZi|wZuvabuva;rvZVrvadswhji_VrvapcmZuv^'a;i M{g;k~a7r.apijZ]rvk~_ l_yviapcmZ
uva@adlhZ\0_yIkmswhjad|yijZsvrv_ I ciaduvchZ]r._Z]swhjadik~_yiGhjZ]\@vkfa;e s a@^vu.a;rva@adgdikm.kmiKads}uvsvgdk_ye s rva
cZpg;Z]i|wZ@h_]hZ]c 
y ] n ] _


?@@@
x
@@
x
A
q @@ ] x _ x _

H 
@@@B
g

x _
] x

a;syadr.aXads }uvs.g;k_]e sVr.aXcmZ@rva;s.kmrvZ]r r.aXg;Z]i|yZ


K " alkm|yuvaZ^vcmk~gEZ]svr._pu.aXcmZ@k~\0afhji;e Z@rvaoq a;ijZrvkZ]c ^'_yihZsh_Zckmswhjad|yijZi[_y.ia
uvs{Zbu.^`adi M{gdkmaa;}a;e ik~gEZbrvaijZ]r.km_ laX_].hjk~a;sva

oq n= o q ] x 

uva;hj_
uva@ cmZ0rvadsvk~r{Z]rBy_]cmuv\ade hikmg;Z0rva]Zi|wZ7{_ye c~_rva;^'a;s.rvaprva@cmZ0rvk~lhZsvg;kmZ0ijZrvkZ]c ^`adi_
sv_7rvasvkms.|[veu s Z]e sv|yu.cm_ .cZpg;Z]i|wZpuvaXuva;r{Zbrvadshi_7rvacZpa;}a;iZ7rvaiZ]rvkm_ a;

?@@


x x n x
x 
x

 
] x n x A @

@B 

y
n

] x n x

x
x
x



x

y
rvarv_ys.rvala_y.hjk~a;svaadct\_]e rvuvcm_pr.a;ctgEZ\0^'_ba;cfade gdhikmgd_
?@@
x x
@

q A @@ ]  g

,
x
@B
] x x
| a e.^.ia;Z]rv_0a;s}uvsvg;kE_ye srvacZ@g;Z]i|wZphj_hZ]c J
 }
y ] n 

?@@@
x
q A @@ ]  x g
H.
@B
] x x

ct^`_hja;s.g;kZcTa;suvs^vu.sh_Z@u.s{ZprvkmhZ]svgdkZ k~a;svar.Na g M{svk~rv_b^`_]i xo 
oq x n x o
]a;iGa;gdu{Z]g;kE_ye s w Z]; e ^{Z]iZp}u.a;ijZbrvacZ@adl}adijZ. x vha;svad\0_y

y



 n

x] 

4y
q
x n x 

] x
] x ] x

y

y
[ ^{Z]iZbr.a;swhjil_0rvacmZbadl}adijZ.{_ x


x n x x
 n
x] 
y

, I



] x
]
]

y
_7vkmads
x
x]
y
] x
K 6 Zc e svaEZg;Z]i|wZr{Zadlh Ze }uva;iZrvaIcZa;}a;ijZ a;c gEZ\0^'_adcfade gdhjilkmgd_Hg;ilaEZ]r._H^'_yi5cZa;l}adijZ
rva gEZ]il|wZ"u.svk~}_yil\0a}uvadijZ"ag;Z]cmgduvcZ9^'_yi7cZ a rv
a Z]uvl0k~swhja;|]ijZ]svr.__]viaVuvs{Z"a;l}adijZ
g;adiiZ]r{ZbrvaijZ]rvk~_ x u.agd_yswhjkmadsvag;_y\7^vc~adhZ\0adshaKhj_r{ZpcZpg;Z]i|wZprvacmZ@a;l}adijZbgEZ]il|wZ]r{Z

oq n o q ] x 


]_ i0c~_hjZ]swhj_vcZB}uvadiEZ"uva lkmadsha u.sQadcma;\7a;swh_rvaVcm_]sv|yk~huvr rvaVcZ9c e svaEZBg;Z]i|yZ]r{Za;


n q nw ]T  n x rv_ysvrva  adIcmZ@rva;s.kmrvZ]r c~kmsva;Z]cTr.aXg;Z]i|yZbr.aXcmZpc e s.aEZ 1 E e
x

J

y}  ]  n x  / n 0

x

y
23547698;:=< >@?AB: A9Dy:=35:=L9FID;> AB:
C 4:L9FGD;>@8P 1 =RtW

 
~  
oq n  o

  

swha;rvaa;\7^'a;EZi[g;_ysc~_y[^vil_yvcmad\ZrvaadlhZpla;g;gdk_ye sT{g;_ysvlkmrvadiad\0_yuvs{ZpgEZ]il|wZ@^vuvswhu{Z]c5
khju{Zr{Za;s"a;c _yilkm|yads"r.a7gd__]irvads{Z]r{Z] g;Z]cmgduvcmad\0_]a;c ^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]cg;ilaEZ]r._ ^'_yi=hZcgEZ]il|wZa;s
uvs9^vu.sh_ Qk~hu{Z]rv_Zuvs{Zr.kmlhjZ]svgdkZrvacZ0g;Z]i|yZ c g;Z]\7^`_adcfade gdhjilkmgd_g;ilaEZ]r._^`_yiGa;hZ
gEZi|wZZuvs{ZXrvkmhZ]s.g;kZ g;uvZ]cmuvk~a;ijZXa; oq ] x o ZXrvk~}adiadsvg;kmZXrvaI^`_hja;s.g;kZc{a;swhjila=uvs
^vuvswh_HZ]c~aZ]r._Xk~s}M{svkhZ]\7a;swha Z]c.u.aIlaGc~aZ]k~|ys{Zxuv s7x ^`_hja;s.g;kZcvkm|yuvZ]cvZg;adi_ adc{^vuvswhj_Xuva
a;hZ]\7_yGg;_ys.kmr.a;ijZsvrv_7a;GcZpk~|yuvkmadswhjakmswhjad|yijZcZbhijZE5a;e Kr.aXu.sgEZ\0k~sv_ba;sr.kmiadg;gdk_ye sijZrvkZ]c
rvadrvaXa;ct^vu.sh_  {Z]lhjZ7adctkm}s Mvsvk~h_
q n
#   ) +*' x (

 oq n x o
 X      oq n x o 
w

 
] x n x ]

: acZ\0k~\0Z}_yi\0Z.a;c^'_]ha;svgdkZ]c`g;ia;Z]rv_b^'_yi[uvs{Zpg;Z]i|wZzkhju{Zr{Z@a;s x o a;suvs^vuvswhj_blk~hju
Z]rv_7a;s x o adGk~|yu{Z]cZ xo ]
xKo x o
K} \7^`adg;ad\0_yg;_yscmZg;Z]i|wZ $ .uva=Z@uvs{ZHrvk~lhjZ]svg;kmZ g;ilaEZ@uvs^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]c a;svadi|ve Z
^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]cK^'_yiu.svkmr{ZrrvaBgEZi|wZ km|yu{ZcKZ $ a;cGhjijZa;iuvsvZ gEZ]il|wZ rvadrvaadc
kms M{svk~h_p{Z]hZbuvs{ZprvkmhZ]s.g;kZ x $ rvacZ@g;Z]i|yZb $ vZ]g;ax uvaXa;ctk~lha;\0Z7ZrvuvkmadijZpuvs{Zba;svadi|ve Z
^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]crva ] $ $ l khijZ]ad\0_]IZv_yijZp_]hijZpgEZi|wZp rvadrvaXa;ckms M{svk~h_p{Z]hZpuvsV^vuvswhj_
uva[adlh Ze ZGuvs{Z=rvk~lhjZ]x sv g;kmZ x $ rvacmZIgEZi|wZK $ ZIuvs{ZIrvkmhZ]svgdkZ x rvacmZIg;Z]i|wZI yadc.Zuv\0adswhj_
a;sVa;s.a;i|v e Zp^`_hja;s.g;kZcadi{Z e ] $ $ ] _yizhZ]swhj_bc~_7uva{Zb|wZ]svZ]rv_pa;s a;svadi|ve Z
^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]ca;ctlkmhja;\0ZprvuviZ]swhjaXa;lhx a ^vi_g;ad_7a; x


$
$
`
y
$ ] $ ]T  $  $ Q  ]  
x
x
x
x








g;_]s x  x  , s adlha^vil_yvc~a;\0Z. x $ x $ x & \

K : k~kmr{Z\0_y5adcTrvk~g;_Ha;sZ]svk~cmc~_y5g;_ysvg'a;e swhjilkmgd_y[rva=iZ]rvk~_ |]i_yl_yi lkTa;c`^vuvswhj_ 


rv_ys.rvauvadiad\0_yGgEZcmg;u.cZ]izadc^'_]ha;svgdkZ]ctadlh Z7e Z0u.s{Z7r.kmlhjZ]svgdkZbl_yviaXa;calarvadctrvkmlg;_v g;Z]r{Z

;a c~a;\7a;swhj_brva=hjZ]cZsvkmc~cm_Hr.aijZ]rvk~_ adlh{Z7e Z@u.s{ZprvkmhZ]svgdkZ x rvadc^vuvswh_  ^'_yihjZ]swhj_


a;ct^'_]ha;svgdkZ]cgdia;Z]rv_7^`_yizadcZ]svk~cmcm_Ha;s!a;
n ] nw

x
rv_ys.rvaznw
x n x adcZGgEZ]il|wZIuvahkmadsvahjZ]c.Zsvkmc~cm_rvaiZ]rvk~_ > |yi_yl_yiz H a;cmZIrvadsvk~r{Z]r
u.^`adi M{gdkZ]crva,gEZ]il|wZIuva,a;km|]u{Z]cZcZg;_ysvhZ]swha 
. 7  s{Y 9 \ c^`_]ha;svgdkZ]cwgdia;Z]rv_
^'_yizhj_rv_0adcrvkmlg;_7a;ivZ0e cmZbluv\0Z kmswha;|yiZ]c r.acmZ]g;_yswhjilkmvu.g;km_]sva;rvahj_rv_ycm_]IZsvkmc~cm_y[gd_ys
ijZrvkm_brvadrva {ZlhZ

x n x x % $
y  

D 

y

x #"

rv_ys.rvab = H  g;\
a;Ga;ctiZ]rvkm_pr.a;ctrvk~g;_
K uva;hj_@uvaIa;c ^`_hja;s.g;kZc`Zuvs{ZrvkmhZ]svgdkZ7  \aIh_y\0ZXgd_y\0_Xg;adi_vcm_XuvaKs._y
a;h Z]e s^vkmr.kma;s.rv_a;sXa;cw^vil_yvcmad\ZzadcmZzrvk~}adia;s.g;kZzrva,^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]cya;swhia,uvs^.uvswhj_Gg;u{Z]c~uvkmadijZ uvs
^vuvswh_0lk~hjuvZ]rv_7ZVrvacmZ@c e s.aEZ@gEZi|wZ]rvZ Y_ysvlkmrvadijZ]ila;\7_yu.aXadct^vuvswhj_ r._ysvrvauva;ila;\7_y
gEZcmg;u.cZ]iHhjZ]czrvk}a;iadsvg;kmZBrva^`_hja;s.g;kZc[a;h Ze k~hu{Z]rv_l_yviaadcz^vcZ]s._ & Z9uvs{ZrvkmhZ]s.g;kZ
a;s9^'a;il^`adsvrvk~g;uvcmZ]i=ZcmZ0c e sva;Z0kms M{svk~hjZ0rvagEZ]il|wZ Y_]svk~rva;ila;\7_yKuvs9adcmad\0adsh_rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]crva
cm_]sv|yk~huvr 'zrvaa;hZbc e svaEZ.a;c~a;\7a;swhj_blk~hjuvZ]rv_bZ@uvs{Zprvk~lhjZ]svg;km)Z (7r.a;c_yilkm|yadsrvag;__yilrva;s{Zr{Z]
_  cmZ rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ rva^`_]ha;svgdkZ]c
^`_yicm_VhZ]swhj_BZ]cmaZ]rv_u.s{Zrvk~lhZsvg;kmZ ( x rvadc^.uvswhj*
n
(
 +
 +
g;ilaEZ]rvZ7^'_yi[hZca;c~a;\7a;swhj_  'za; ] (
( n ( ZbuvacZpgEZ]il|wZ@uvaXcmcmafZ

'Ha;  +n (Bg;_]s  P7  W Y 9 \cZ r.a;svxl kmr{Z]rc~kmsva;Z]c5rvaQg;wZ] i|yZ.uvaad@g;_ys.lhZsha Z



rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZprva^`_]ha;svgdkZ]cTu.a^vk~rva;sads adct^vi_y.cma;\0Z@a;G^'_yi[hZ]swh_



H 
n
+
(
-,
y
-,
y

( x ( y
]
] ( x ( w] +n (
,

,



T." cms ( ( x $ ,
y /" c~s ( ( w $ ,
y  c~s / x 0 H

| hjiZX}_yil\ZrvaK_].hjadsva;i[adc`\7kml\0_ila;u.c~hZrv_Had[cZk~|yuvkmadswhja ilkm\7a;il_g;Z]cmgduvcZ]\7_y5a;c'gEZ\0^'_
g;ilaEZ]r._K^'_yitcZzc e svaEZ[k~}s M{svkhZzgEZi|wZ]rvZ ^vZ]ijZza;c~cm_u.hkmcmk~EZ]\7_y`cZ a rv8a Z]uv ^`_yitcmZzkm\7adhiE e Z
rva@cmZ0rvk~lhikm.uvk_ye s rva@g;Z]i|wZ`adcgEZ\0^'_adcfa;e gfhjilkmg;_0]Z0a;s9rvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye siZ]rvkZc ^'a;il^`adsvrvkmgduvcZiKZcmZ
c e svaEZ cmZ@uv^'a;i M{g;k~a_yvilacZ@uvaZ]\7_yzZ@kmswha;|yiZ]i oq a;uvsgdkmcmk~svrvil_@rvacm_]sv|yk~huvkr M{s.k~hZ
g;_]sualaKg;_]kmsvgdkmrvk~a;svrv_g;_yscZc e s.aEZg;Z]i|yZ]r{Z.km|yuvZ]c u.aKa;sadc`^.i_yvc~a;\0Z ] uva;hj_puva=cmZ
gEZi|wZXg;_yswhjadsvkmr._@rva;swhi_@rvaIa;hja=gdkmcmk~svrvil_Xv_ye cm_a;h ZHe l_yviaIuala Z]cma U& cZ a rv=a Z]uvl
sv_yr{Z
s&


oq

n= o
q
x &
q

[
D .

 ~E
x

j
^.cmkmg;Z]svrv_@Z] v_yiZHcZH r.Na M{svk~g;kE_ye srva=r.k~}a;ila;svgdkZHr.a=^`_hja;s.g;kZc`adshiauvs^.uvswhj_bZ]c~aZ]rv_ _]hjil_
^vuvswh_Z]c~aZ]r._rvacZpc e sva;Z@gEZ]il|wZ]r{Z..a_y.hkma;s.a
 n
x  c~s / x
x] 

4y

T x 0

g;_]\0_ba;s ,
K~y a;Zzuvsadcmad\0adsh_zrvk~}adiadsvg;kmZ]c{E10 khju{Z]r._Zu.s{ZzrvkmhZ]svgdkZz10rvadcw_yik~|ya;s^'_yihZ]rv_]irva
uvs{ZgEZi|wZ  n gd_ys  9,& cZ=r.a;svlkmr{Z]r7cmk~svaEZc.rvazg;Z]i|wZ Zcva;c~a;\7a;swhj_g;ilaEZuvs7^`_]ha;svgdkZ]c
] 9,& a;suvs9^.uvswhj_ khju{Z]r._Zuvs{Zrvk~lhjZ]svg;kmZprva;c_yik~|ya;s'}uva;iZrva@cmZ{Z]ilijZ. ^'_yi
hZsh_la;^{Zij Z]rv_uvs{ZrvkmhZ]s.g;kZ9y1 0vrva;czadcmad\0adsh_r.k~}a;ila;svgdkZ]cE1 0 E e a;cz^'_]ha;svgdkZ]czads
rvadvkmrv_Z7hj_r{Z7cZb{Z]iiZadi{Ze cmZ7luv\0Z kmswha;|yiZ]c rvacZ]Gg;_yswhikm.uvg;k~_ysva;IrvaHg;Z]r{Z7a;cmad\0adswhj_
rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]c
2
&l9y
2 H I
n
32  

m
c
s
~
c
s
2 

2 ] &
&
&

&9]




ZijZ & &l9y ^'_yiphZsh_ &l9y 
la ^.uva;rva u.hjk~cmk~EZ]i@cmZ"lkm|yu.kma;swha Z^vi_ ekm\0Z]g;kE_ye s
cms c ( 5
b
(
{
^
]
Z

i
Z
4
(
v
^
~
c
m
k
E
g
Zsvrv_pa;hj_0Z]cila;u.c~hZrv_Zsha;ilkm_yi

c

&
&
&
&
2
/
/
/
m
c
s
m
c
s
$ 65

0 $ ] t y
] & " 0
0
] & "
uvaa;adcv^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]c.gdiaEZrv_Z=uvs{Z=rvk~lhjZ]svg;kmZ=z^`_]iuvs{Z=g;Z]i|wZ=^.uvswhju{Z]clk~hu{Z]r{Z=adspa;cv_yilkm|yads
rvag;__yilrva;s{Zr{Z]
K~t s Z@> a=vZ@gEZ]c~g;uvcmZ]rv_HadcT^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]c'g;ia;Z]rv_p^'_yiu.sZ]svkmc~cm_Xrva=g;Z]i|wZuvsvk~}_]i\7a
g;_ys & 7  Y ijZ]r.km_ g;_ys \ Zpuvs{ZbrvkmhZ]svgdkZp_y.iaXa;ctala


]
x
_y.ha;svk~rv_rZ]e svrv_]a"g;uvadshjZuvahj_rv_ycm_y^vu.sh_yVrva;cXZ]svk~cmc~_ gEZ]il|wZ]rv_a;h Z]e sZcmZ\0k~\0Z
rvk~lhZsvg;kmZ. x 5rva;cz^vu.sh_rv_ysvrvauvadia;\7_ybgEZcmg;u.cZ]ia;cz> ^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]c chjiZ]{Zl_uva
{Z]gdapa;c v<qyz\tfr8t 7 x!f z ^{Z]ijZ\7_yadi=uvs{Zg;Z]i|wZ 7  Y&rvadrvabcZ0^`_ylkmgdk_ye s
{Z]hZa;c _yilkm|yadsa;Xkm|yu{ZcZ vktfwz cmZ]ZikZg;k_]e s9rvabcZa;s.a;i|v e Z^`_hja;s.g;kZc a;hjab\7a;sv_yadadc
\7km\7_puvaXZ]^{Z]ila;gdaads cmZ@rvNa M{s.kmg;kE_ye srvacZprvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ@rva^`_hja;s.g;kZc f

9  ~k T ~

]T x x y
kpuvvkfa;e iZ]\0_]9u.a;ik~rv_ gEZ]c~g;uvcmZ]iBa;c@hijZ]vZl_.a;gv_ qyzwzzxz ^{Z]iZ\7_yadi"cmZgEZ]il|wZ
vZ]lhjZadc_yik~|ya;$!s>;I: a;cila;u.c~hZrv_Qla;i; e Z ^`adi_g;_ys a;clkm|ysv__y^.uva;hj_ adg;_yilr{Z]iuva
a m7 
K~ @ u.a;lh_u.a[a;cgEZ]\7^`_Ia;c~a;gdhi_yh Ze hkmgd_Ka;g;_ysvla;i]Zhjk~]_ Z=uva[cZ g;Z]i|wZsv_Khkma;s.a;s
yadcm_g;k~r{Z]rpkms.kmg;kmZ]c cmZKa;svadi|ve Z=^`_hja;s.g;kZcuvazhjk~a;svagEZ]r{Z=u.s{Z=rvazcZgEZ]il|wZ]k~svkmgdkZ]c~\0adswhja5_y.ia
a;c`g;u{ZrvijZ]r._@a;[k~|yu{Z]c`ZHcmZa;s.a;i|v e Zgdkmsafe hjk~gE^Z M{svZ]c`gd_yscZXuva=cmc~a;|wZsZ]c`km}s Mvsvk~h_ a;sa;c`km}s Mvsvk~h_
cZ7a;svadi|ve Z^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]c ad=g;adi_ Z]ijZcmZ0^vilkm\7a;ijZbgEZi|wZuvaHjZ]c~ahjadsva;\7_y=uvaHkmsvk~g;kZcm\7a;swhja
a;h Zbe {Zl_7cZpZ]gdg;kE_ye srva;c^'_]hjadsvg;kmZ]crvacZ[_]hjiZ]zhjila;gEZ]il|wZ] ]a;i^vil_yvcmad\Z . vc~uva;|]_

] & d & & qT <- >=@?

acZ@\7kml\ZH}_yil\Z
q <- A=B
& 1 & 

y
q <- A=DC
]t & 
q <- A=DE
K~ lhja^vi_]vcmad\Zaiaduvadc~yak~|yuvkmadsvrv_cm_y\7kml\0_y^vZ]_yVuvaadsadcX^.i_yvc~a;\0Z
a Z]uvlXcmZ
 _yicZlkm\7adhiE e ZiZ]rvkmZ]crvadc ^vi_]vcmad\Z.oq cmcmafZrvkmila;g;gdk_ye s9iZ]rvkmZ]c cmZ a rv
Z]^vc~kmg;Z]iad\0_y[Zbu.s{Z7adl}adijZbrvaijZ]rvk~_ .g;_ysvg'a;e gfhjik~gEZbg;_ysVcZp'_ycZ@g;Z]i|yZ]r{Z

oq n= o q ] x 

:

Y_y\7_bcZprva;s.kmrvZ]rV]_ycmu.\afe hjik~gEZ@rvag;Z]i|wZpadGk~|yu{Z]cZ


^'_yi[hZsh_

?@
x x
A
n

x x @B x

adGgd_ysvhZ]swhja a;swhj_ys.g;a;

GF

?@@

q A @@B ] x x g

x

] x x
ct^`_hja;s.g;kZca;sVuvsV^vuvswhj_0Z7u.s{ZprvkmhZ]svgdkZ x g k~a;svar{Zrv_b^`_yi


x] 


q
x n x 

] x n x ]T x
^{ZijZ x {adGr.
ya; g;k~i;{rvadswhji_7rvacZp'_y
yc Z@g;Z]i|yZ]r{Z


x .
x] 
y
n
n

x
x

] x

] ]T

y
uvaXa;g;_yswhkmsuv_7a;s
y
K~  lhaX^.i_yvc~a;\0Z@a;Gk~\0k~cZ]iZ]c^vil_yvc~a;\0Z  vg;_]s cmZ@uvhjk~huvg;kE_ye s
9

IH

23547698;:=< >@?AB: >@C98EDEF>@FGDK7J4 L AB:8;> :KM AB:KJD;4) R.L>NMX>@3OIP


W PRtWpS
Y[Z]\7^`_7\0Z]|ysafe hjkmgd_7n Q o g;ilaEZ]rv_0a;s a;c^vuvswhj_ x o ^`_]iGu.sa;c~a;\7a;swhj_7rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]ctrvaXg;k~ig;u.k~hj_-Rn  o
khju{Zrv_ba;s x o

nbQ o T
]S R[n  o 7 x=o x o
=x o x o
.g;_ys E u.s{Z7gd_ysvhZ]swhja
s{Zpkmswha;|yiZ]c@.eu hjk~c  n
E E E
K~U" cIg;_ysvr.uvgdh_yia;s}_yil\Z"rvaBgdkmV| uvU a svL Z]czhjkmadsvau.s{Z cm_ys.|yk~huvr g;\ a;sadcIhijZ]\7_
g;_]ilhj_Vyadilhjk~gEZ]c u.s{Z c~_ysv|ykhjuvr gd\ a;sadc hjijZ\0_g;_]ilhj_Vv_yilkmd_yswhZ]c _yia;c5g;_ys.rvg;u.h_yi
g;k~igduvcZuvs{ZHgd_yiilkmadshaXW 4 H c'hijZ]\7_\Z]e ,cZi|y_XuvaKadlh ZHe Z]cmk~svaEZ]r._Xgd_ysadc'^.uvswhj_4"rv_]svrva
uva;ila;\7_y@g;Z]cmgduvcZ]iadcg;Z]\7^`_V\Z|ysade hkmgd_ sv_^vi_rvuvgdasvk~sv|yuvs{Zg;_]shik~vuvg;kE_ye s Zc,g;Z]\7^`_Va;s
o T]S Rn  o 7 x=o x o a;c a;cmad\0adswhj_
rva;vk~rv_Z]c ^vi_rvuvgfhj_yadgdh_yikmZ]cads"cmZrvafM{svkmgdk_ye srvabn Q
x=o x o
rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]c{rvaGcm_ys.|yk~huvr7n  o rvaIadlhaIhjiZ]\7_X\Z]e 5cZi|y_a;,^{Z]iZ]cmadcm_XZ]cv]a;gdh_yir.aI^'_yk~g;kE_ye s x,o xo
uva]Zprvadrvan  o {Z]hZpa;ct^.uvswhj_ 
s ]Z{Z]gdkZrvadshi_ rva0cmZ^Z]e |yk~s{Z a;XcZu.\ZrvabcZ]gd_yswhjik~vuvgdkm_ysvad
c g;Z]\7^`_ Q o adY
rvag;Z]r{Zu.sv_Brva0C cm_yXhjijZ\0_yXg;_]ilhj_] B c5hjiZ]\0_Vyadilhjk~gEZ]c,^vil_rvu.g;auvsgEZ]\7 ^`_ a;Z
s k~|yu{Z]c,Z
R _ n
R n

S
QI 6[ ~
[ adc.v_]ikmd_yswhZ]c QI ]\  ^m
S

Qwf
C ]  _ f
Z7luv\0 Zbr.aXcmZ]z
g;_]shik~vuvg;k~_ysvadGr.aXc~_yhijZ]\7_yzg;_]ilhj_]Gad^`_yi[hjZ]swhj_ 

R _
4y
Q 3_p
S

uvaXa;zhZ]\Hvkfade sVadctgEZ]\7^'_pg;ia;Z]rv_7a;!
s ^'_yi[hj_rv_ba;ctgd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yi
K~U 6 chjiZ]\7_@g;k~ig;u.cZ]ihkmadsvauvsijZ]r.km_ g;\ ^`_]i[hj_rv_pa;cgd_ysvrvu.gdhj_]iGgdkmilg;uvcmZ@uvs{Z
g;_]iik~a;swhja W  lhja7^vil_yvcmad\Zad\Z]e adsvg;k~cmcm_uva0a;c5Z]swha;ik~_yi ZVu.a0g;Z]r{Za;cmad\0adswhj_
rvk}a;iadsvg;kmZ]cTr.acm_ysv|]k~hju.ra;sadcThjiZ]\0_Hg;kmilg;uvcmZ]iad^`adi^'a;svrvk~g;uvcmZ]i[ZcTyadgdhj_]izrva^`_]kmgdk_ye s x o uva
Zrvadrvapada@adcma;\7a;swh_Z  Y_y\7_ads9a;c^vi_]vcmad\Z0Z]swhja;ilkm_yid`adc hijZ]\7_cmZ]i|y_0Z]c~kmsva;Z]rv_gd_ys
sv_b^vil_r.uvg;aXsvkms.|[veu sgEZ]\7^'_pa;`
s  e hjaXa;km|yuvZ]ctZ
R n  S R
Q 3_p  -
F S
I

Zb{Z]g;kmZ@rva;sw -h
i_r.aXcmZ@^Z]e |yk~s{Z
K~ u.^`_ys.|wZ]\7_yuvaGcZKgd_yiilkma;swhaGgdkmilg;uvcmZK^`_]i a;c Z]ilg;_fa eha;ik~_yi a;s7adswhjkmr._Zshkmv_]ijZ]ilkm_
c gEZ]\7^`_7g;ilaEZ]r._^'_yia;cZ]ilg;_a ehja;ilkm_yiad`
s Z0vZ]g;kmZp}u.a;ijZ7\0k~a;swhjiZ]zuvaHadcg;ia;Z]rv_0^`_yiadc
Z]ilg;_=k~sha;ilkm_yi uvadlhj_uvacm_y rv_y hijZ]\7_y g;_yihj_y v_yik~;_yswhjZ]cmadZ]c~kmsva;Z]rv_yg;_]s s._=^vi_rvuvgda;s
s{Z]rvZr.azgEZ]\7^`_K\Z]|]sade hkmg;_Ka;#s  Zu.aGc~_yiZ]rvk~_yrvazg;Z]r{Zuvsv_rvazc~_y Z]ilg;_ya;5g;_ys._gdkmrv_v
Z]^vc~kmg;Z]svrv_padctia;luvc~hjZ]rv_ I rva;c^vil_yvc~a;\0ZpZ]swhja;ilkm_yiz_].hjadsva;\7_y
R S R
 y
Q 3_p S
$

I
k~a;svr._0cmZ@rvkmila;g;gdk_ye srvadctgEZ]\7^'_7\0Z]|ysade hjk~g;_pada
s vZ]g;kmZ@rva;swhjil_rvacmZ@^Z]e |yk~s{Z

K ~U Z a;^.kmijZVg;k~ig;u.cZ]ihjk~a;sva0uvs ijZrvkm_ gd\ adcg;Z]\0^'_gdia;Z]rv_B^'_yiHadcmcmZVads u


g;adswhji_b hmk a;s.aXu.s \_ye rvuvc~_
R n S R
J -
F S
Q
]
#
-

uvs{Zrvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye s0vZ]g;kmZr.a;swhjil_HrvaGcZ^Z]e |]kms{Z c{g;_ysvr.uvgdh_yik~s}M{svkhj_v_yilkmd_yswhZ]c.hjZ]\@vkfa;e s7g;ilaEZ


uvs gEZ]\7^`_bad`
s  Z0uvaXa;lhjZ7]a;- sv_0adlh{Z0e _]viaXcZpc e svaEZprvadcg;_ysvr.uvgdh_yiIgd_y\7_7adsc~_y[hjila;
gEZ_yIZ]swhjadikm_]ia; 5 ctgEZ]\7^`_bgdiaEZrv_0^'_yizadctg;_ysvr.uvgdh_yiv_yik~;_yswhjZ]ca;s!ad
QI c
\ ^~  d<- J
m
y ]S R x n S R
x
x


ZKadsbrvkmila;g;gdk_ye sH{Z]g;kmZI}uvadijZ=rvazcmZI^Z]e |]kms{Z ZK}_ye i\HuvcZIZ]swhja;ilkm_yihZ]\Hvkfade s@az^vu.a;rvaz_yhja;s.a;i
Z]^vc~kmg;Z]svrv_0cZ a rva \0^'a;ila c gEZ]\7^`_7hj_]hjZ]cg;ia;Z]rv_ad*
s ^'_yiIh_r._a;c g;_ys.rvuvgdh_yi=kmadsva
r{Z]r._0^'_yi
R S R
Q 3_p S

x

g;_]s rvk~iadg;g;kE_ye s{Z]gdkZprva;swhi_7rvacZ@^Z]e |]kms{Z [ ^'_yi[hjZ]swhj_v{adc]Zcm_yi[r.a vuvg;Z]rv_7a;


K~U _ye c~_a;cthijZ]\7_0._yik~;_yswhZcr.aHcm_]sv|yk~huvr gdiaEZ0gEZ]\7^`_7\0Z]|ysafe hjkmgd_0adsBa;c^vuvswhe_ 
\7kma;swhijZ]u.acm_yrv_yHhijZ]\7_yXkmsvgdcmk~s{Z]rv_yXsv_Bc~_{Zg;a;s ZBuvea a;lh{ZBe _y.iag;Z]r{ZuvsvZrva
cZ=c e svaEZ]I^vi_]cm_ysv|yZ]g;kE_ye srvapc~_yIhijZ]\7_yIkmsvgdcmkmsvZ]rv_y Zgd_yswhjilkmvuvgdk_ye srva;chijZ]\7_v_]ikmd_yswhZ]c
kmadsvar{Z]r{Zb^`_]i
QI c
\ ^~ 

]S R n ] S R




g;_]srvk~iadg;g;kE_ye s{Z]gdkZrva;swhi_ _yihjZ]swhj_a;cg;Z]\0^'_\Z|ysade hkmgd_g;ia;Z]rv_^`_]iVu.s^'_yc e |y_ysv_
g;adiiZ]rv_}i_y\0Z]rv_^'_ygi f cZ]r._yrvabcm_ys.|yk~huvr 7g;Z]r{ZcZ]r._a;s"ugda;swhjila
_ a;iv!
Z e f ]a;g;adHadc
iaduvchZ]r._Z]swha;ik~_yi
Rih
Q 3_p
S

rv_ys.rvga jk f 5a;a;c^`adiE e \0afhji_rvadc^`_yc e |y_]sv_ kZ]._yijZzhj_y\0Z]\7_yta;cc e \7k~hja mlo


n
\Z]s
hjadsvkmadsvrv_adc^'a;i;e \0afhjil_ f ^ M{svkhj_v'_a;Z.gd_yswya;ihjk~\0_yKa;c^'_yc e |y_ys._7ads9uvs{Zgdkmigduvs.}adia;s.g;kZ
a;swh_ysvg;adKads adctia;luvc~hjZ]rv_7Z]swhjadik~_yiz_y.ha;svrvila;\7_y
Q 3_pp
S R p
S R
y


rv_ys.rvaadc,^'a;i; e \7adhi_rva;c5^'_yc e |y_ysv_adHZv_yijZa;c5^'a;i; e \7adhjil_ r.acZgdkmigduvs.}adia;s.g;kZiaduvc
hZsha 5 c{iaduvchZ]r._uvaGa_y.hkmadsvaa;,a;c{gEZ\0^'_\Z]|]sade hkmg;_gdi a;Z]rv_H^'_yi uvsvZXad^vk~ijZrvaijZ]rvk~_
ads lu gda;swhjil_
.

23547698;:=< >@? AB: >@C98EDEF>@FGDK7J4 L AB: 8;>


:KM
AB: 
q
< Cs:r 3 :0P
mX
R 7W

o n o S R
%u
K~y7 Z=lkm\7adhiE e ZGrva;c.gEZ]\7^`_K\Z]|]sade hkmg;_Ka;sba;hjaz^vil_yvcmad\ZIa; cZIkm|]uvkmadsha ^vuvadlhj_uvaz^{ZijZ
^vuvswh_yKZcmaZrv_yrvacm_yzaehjiad\0_]I^'_r.a;\7_yzg;_ys.kmr.a;ijZiKZ]cTgEZ]vc~ag;_y\7_bkms}M{s.k~hj_.va;swhj_]svg;ad&Q o
ala;svil_ycmcmZ]a;s gdkmilg;uvs.}adiadsvg;kmZ]HZcmiadrva;r._yir.a;c,gEZ]vc~agd_wZ ekZ]crva;^'a;svr.kma;s.rv_Bukmswhjadsvk~r{Z]r
a;sVuvsV^vuvswhj_#v_ye cm_pr.aXcmZ@rvkmhZ]s.g;kZ@uvala;^{Z]iZ0Zprvk~gv_b^vuvswhj_brvadctalarvadctgEZ]vc~a 5 lh_0s._y
^'a;i\7k~haKu.hkmc~kmEZi,cmZ a rva \7^wadv ia].kmswhjad|yijZ]s.rv_ t Qo n  o Z@cm_cZ]il|y_@rva=u.s{Z@g;k~ig;u.s.}a;ila;svgdkZ
j rvaijZ]rvk~_ uva@adlhaH
e ^vuvadlhjZ^`adi^'a;svrvk~g;uvcmZ]i\7a;swhaHZ]cgEZvcma g;_ysBgda;swhjil_a;s9adc g;Z]vc~a : a
a;hZp}_yi\0Z. ^`_yizc~_prvkmg._0^{ZijZpcZ@lkm\7adhji; e Z@rvaQ o ^{Z]iZ7adlhaX^.i_yvc~a;\0Z..^'_rva;\7_yza;lg;ilkmvk~i
t Q
o n o x
Q t n  I
Q@ x
Z]^.cmkmg;Z]svrv_pcmZ a rva \7w^ adv iaXZpa;lhag;Z]_
Q
]
x S R  %u
s9a;cgEZ]l_a;su.a@a;hja;\7_yIkmswhjad|yijZ]s.rv__]via^vuvswhj_yKa;swhjila@a;cg;adshi_ cmZ0g;_]ilhjadEZ.`cZbg;_yi
ik~a;swhjauvaVuva;r{Z"rva;swhi_"rva;cg]e igduvcmy
_ ja;7cZBkmswha;svlkmr{Z]z
r R uvag;k~igduvcZ9^'_yiba;czgEZvcmarvadc
g;adswhji_ Z]iZXadc{gEZ]l_HrvauvaGcm_y ^vu.sh_y,rva;c gEZ\0k~sv_rvakmswhjad|yijZg;k_]e {
s jVa;ha;e s7}uva;iZXr.a;c{gEZvcma
cZbkmswha;svlkmr{Z]rVuvaZhjiZk~a;jZ7a;cZ]e ilaEZbrv
a j"a;Ig;a;il_v Z7u.aXha;svad\0_yGc)Z RuvaXg;k~ig;u.cZp^`_]iIadc
gEZvcmarvadctg;a;swhi_7\0adsv_ycZ@k~sha;svlkmr{Zr Ru.aXgdkmilg;uvcmZb^'_yizcmZ@g;_yihja;;Z
K~tp Zkm\7adhiE e ZXrvadcTg;Z]\0^'_H\0Z]|ysade hjk~g;_Q o a;[cmZ\7kml\Zuva=a;sadc`^.i_yvc~a;\0ZHZ]swha;ik~_yi
^'_yi hZ]swhj_^'_r.a;\7_y5a;|]uvkmi u.hkmc~kmEZsvrv_a;c{ila;luvc~hjZ]rv_XZ]swhjadikm_]i Q S R  Z]iZ x
svkms.|[veu s^vu.sh_@a;sa;cTk~swhja;ilkm_yi5rvajBa;ZhjiZ]a;Z]rv_p^'_yigd_yiilkma;swha ^`x _]i,hjZ]sw hj_}R |u 
ZijZ x _ cZz}ijZg;g;kE_ye sXrvagd_yiilkma;swhauvaZhjiZk~a;jZGa;ckmswhjadik~_yitrv}a j0a;k~|yu{Z]cZ x |u
_,wf

^'_yi[hZ]swh4_ R  x R 1 [ ^{Z]iZ x `_ adIrvadg;k~i;{a;sVa;ca eha;ilkm_yizrvaXcZpgd_yilha;EZ{a;


hj_r{ZpcZpk~sha;svlkm r{Zr %R0u cZp_uvaXZwhji ZEk~a;{
Z j E e
?@@@
x
@@
R x
x _
Q A S

@@@
x
_
S R
@@B
x b_

x
a;adc=gEZ\0^'_ \0Z]|ysafe hjkmgd_ ^{Z]iZ cm_y0hjiadgEZ_y shj_rv_yadcmcm_];za;cKa;swhkmrv_rva Q o adlia
hj_]ig;kfa;e svr._yad0ads gdkmigduvs.}adia;s.g;kZIZcmiadrva;r._yizrva;ctg;Z]vc~a
K~ cmZX^.i{Z]e gfhjkmg;ZrvaIcmZ]'_yijZh_yik~_=rvaG\0adrvkmi adc gEZ]\7^`_\0Z]|ysafe hjk~g;_hjadiiadlhia 5 c gEZ\0^'_
g;ilaEZ]r._0^'_yNi f a;l^vkmiZ]rvaijZ]r.km_ads lu gda;swhjil_a;k~|yu{Z]ctZ
R n  S l R
Q<  l  -
F S
]

#
-

4
t
Q 

^.uva;hj_7u.aa;lh{Zpe _yik~a;swhZ]r._p^`adi^'a;svrvk~g;uvcmZ]i\7a;swhaZ]cTg;Z]\7^`_p\0Z]|ysafe hjk~g;_ha;ilia;hjilaXadswhj_ysvgda;


hZ]s  QQI
H
rvarv_ys.rvalarva;l^`a -Z R
23547698;:=< >@? AB:>@C98EDEF>@FGDK7J4 L AB: 8;> ~VOB:3G> AB: 473 :L#OpP

R
k
n@o Rn  o 7 Q o o  o 7 Q o
O
K~ a;s.a;\7_y5uvs0g;Z]\7^`_\0Z]|ysafe hjk~g;_Q o rva\_ye r.uvcm_=gd_ysvhZ]swhja 1 Z]^vuvswhZsvrv_X{Z]g;kmZ
rvadshi_rva@K cmZ0^Ze |ykms{Z k^'_yiIa;cgd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yiKrva@c Z M{|yuviZ.Tuva@hkma;s.aHuvs{Zr.a;svlkmr{Z]r9r.ap\Z]Z
a Radsla;swhjk~rv_rvaXkmdu.kma;ilr{Z7Z0rvadia;gvZ.TcmZb}uvadi;Z0uva
V | 9 \ g;k~ig;u.cZbuvs{Z0gd_yiilkmadsh
a;h Ze ala;ilg;kmadsvrv_ adcIg;Z]\7^`_"\Z|ysade hkmgd_l_yvia uvsadcmad\0adsh_rvk}a;ila;svgdkZ]crva cm_ysv|]k~hju.rQn  o rvadc
g;_]svrvuvgfhj_yiGa;km|]u{Z]cZ
n@&o Rn  o 7 Q o
uvahjk~a;sva=\_ye rvu.cm}_ R Q n  adswhjkmr._b]a;ihjkmg;Z]c{Zg;kZpZiik~{Z ZH}u.a;i;Z@hj_]hjZ]cTrvadvkmrvZ7ZcTgEZ\0^'_
\0Z]|ysafe hjkmgd_=uvaZ]gfh{eu ZKl_yviazadc.gd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yi ad a;swhj_]svg;ad R Q  wgd_ys  cmZKcm_]sv|yk~huvr@rvadc.gd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yi
k'a;hZH}uvadiEZXhjkmadsvaKuvaIa;uvk~cmkm.ijZ]i5a;c`^`ad_@r.a;c'g;_ysvr.uvgdh_yi[^{Z]iZuvaZE e sv_@{Z ZHha;svlk_ye s0a;s
cZzg;uvadir{Z]d a;swhj_ys.g;a;
R Q  a;_  
,
rvarv_ys.rvalarva;l^`a-Z R
K~  cvg;Z]\7^`_=\0Z]|ysade hjk~g;_=gdia;Z]rv_^`_]iuvspg;_]svrvuvgfhj_yi ila;gdhkmc e svad_=km}s Mvsvk~h_Z=uvs{Z=rvk~lhjZ]svg;kmZ
R a;hj_=lagEZcmg;u.cZz^`_]i cmZ a rva \7w^ a;v ila
a;s^`adi^'a;svrvk~g;uvcmZ]i Z]cg;_ysvr.uvgdh_yi adk~|yu{Z]cZ Q S
g;_]\0_ads9cm_yI^vi_]vcmad\Z] `_vk~a;sB^'_yi=Z^vcm k~ gEZ]x gdk_ye sVrvkmila;gfhZrvaHcZ a rva)km_]h ZEZ]ilh
g;_]\0_ads7adc.^vil_yvc~a;\0Z 4 ZK}u.a;i;Zu.aza;lh{Ze {Z]g;k~a;svr._a;cvgd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yi k~}s M{svkhj_Z=u.spa;cmad\0adswhj _
n  o rva_]hi_g;_ys.rvuvgdh_yi q rutfruz Zuvs{Zrvk~lhZsvg;kmZ \7\adk~|yu{Z]c.Zn y
Q Rn p
S R+ R n
rv_ys.rvaR RadGcmZ@g;_yilik~a;swhjauvag;k~ig;u.cZ@^'_yiza;hjaad|yuvsvrv_7g;_]svrvuvgfhj_yi cZ@rvk~ia;gdg;kE_ye srvaXx n@o
a;iZ]rvkZc d kta;lhaveu c~hkm\7_Hg;_]svrvuvgfhj_yizhjk~a;svau.s{Zpcm_ysv|]k~hju.\r g;\adswhj_ysvgda;GcZH}uvadi;Zph_]hZc
aladigdkZ]r{Zb_]viaBa;e ctad
\  B p
1
S R+ R &
x
%f |
r {a;swhj_ys.g;a;
khjZ]cT}uvadiEZbrvad`aXa;uvk~cmkm.ijZ]ia;ct^'a;_ E rvadctg;_ys.rvuvgdh_yirvacm_ys.|yk~huv
xE
R
H.
S &

g;_]s v |
"V ZH}uva;ilEZbala;ilg;k~r{Z@_y.iaa;cla;|y\7a;swh_0^{ZijZ]c~a;cm_@Z]cala vuvahjk~a;svau.s{Zpcm_ysv|]k~hju.rrva
s
$5 gd\#a;k~|yu{Z]cTZ

o ? p
R $ R $|Q G

%
Q

rv_ys.rvaQQo I
Q 7 1 a W 4 H Z[}uvadiEZaladigdkmr{Z_y.ia,a;cwad|y\7a;swhj_yadilhjk~gEZ]cw^vZ]ijZ]c~a;c~_
Z]ctala & g;_ysV cm_ys.|yk~huvr gd\lag;Z]cmgduvcZ@rvacmZ@\0k~\0ZH}_yi\0Z

o B R R Q {

%
Q

[ cmZ}u.a;i;Z l_yv ia0a;c,ad|y\0adswhj_ila;gfhj_Buva7]ZVrva90Z uva7kma;s.ar{Z]r._^'_yiadc ya;gfhj_yirva


rvad^vcmZ]EZ]\7kmadswhj_ o $ Z
g;\ g;\ vk~a;svar{Zr{Zp^`_yi


o R $ R R Q R $Q G
 4y

%
Q

uvaba;cmZuv\0Z rvao B o ? 5 _]hZ]iKu.a0Zc~_cZi|y_r.a@hj_rv_a;hjab^vi_]vcmad\Zlap{Z


a;hZ]r._0u.hkmc~kmEZsvrv_@cmZ@a; g;uv%Z] g;kE_ye srv acZH }uvadi;Z7rva _yila;swhjXn o Rn  o 7 Q o uva] ^vuvadlh_0uvacm_]
hjila;}Z]gdh_yiad_ysg;_]svlhjZ]swhja;d`la^vuva;r.ak~sha;|yiZ]izkms.\0adrvkZhjZ]\7a;swhja o R  o 7 Q o
K~U 6 uva;hj_7uvaXhjZ]swhj_ Rgd_y\0_padcyadgdhj_]iQ o _ysVg;_]svlhjZ]swhja;d a;swhj_ys.g;a;
<-
<-
,I
o  # Rn  o 7 Qo R /  # n  o 0 7 Q o
(-)
+
'
&o
rv_ys.rva& o a;Ga;c]a;gdh_yirvaXrva;l^vcZ];Z]\7kma;swh_pu.aXZprva0XZ ;
K~ c=g;Z]\0^'_ \0Z]|ysafe hjk~g;_ gdiaEZrv_^`_yia;c=gd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yik~}s M{svkhj_ZuvsvZ rvkmhZ]svgdkZ a;s
^'a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]ir.aade c Z{Zk~rv_gEZ]c~g;uvcmZ]rv_Z]ilkZ]K]a;gda; a;km|yuvZ]cZ Q S R $ tg;_y`
s R $K
x
uadshkmrv_pad{Z]g;kmZ@Z}uvadijZbZ@cZ^{Z]ilhakmdu.kma;ilr{Z@rvadcg;_ys.rvuvgdh_yi; {Z]gdkZpZ]r.a;swhjil_0Z@cmZ
rvadia;gvZVrvaade c ZijZgEZ]rvZuvsv_cm_y hjijZ\0_yI^{Z]iZ]cmadcm_yKZ]cgd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yik~}s M{svkhj_v`cZ0}u.a;i;Za
gEZcmg;u.cZbkmsv\7a;rvkmZhZ\0adsha Zuvaa;cgEZ\0^'_0\0Z]|ysade hjk~g;_7g;ilaEZ]rv_0^`_]iIadcgd_ysvrvu.gdhj_]iKkms M{svk~h_ba;
km|]u{Z]cadsVh_rv_]zcm_yz^vu.sh_yGrvagEZ]r{Z@hijZ]\7_ Z]; e
R$R
a g;\
Z uvadiEZb_]viaa;cthijZ]\7_bZpuvs{ZbrvkmhZ]svgdkZV g;\ o $ S & {rv_ysvr.m

adIcmZ@cm_ysv|]k~hju.rrva;chijZ]\7_pa R 
 a;cZ@k~sha;svlkmr{Zr uvag;k~igduvcZp^'_yia;e c
R $R
Z uvadiEZb_]viaa;chijZ]\7_p^{Z]iZ]cmadcm_bZpuvs{Zbrvk~lhZsvg;kmZ X  gd\ o S & l
_

sa;c`gEZ]l_prva=cm_]rv_yhjijZ\0_y^`adi^'a;svr.kmg;u.cZ]ila;;^vuvadlhj_puvag;Z]r{ZHu.sv_prva=luvz^vuvswhj_][a;h Zpe Z
uvs{Zbrvk~lhZsvg;kmZ rvk~}adiadsharva;ctgd_ysvrvuvgfhj_yiGkmsM{svk~h_vha;svad\0_]GuvacmZH}uva;ilEZp]Z7Zpadi


J

R n x Q x] S R $ R 
n x S R $ R cms _
x


u"adshkmrv_Va;ads"]a;ilhkmg;Z]c {Z]gdkZZ]ilikmvZ^{Z]ijZadchjijZ\0_rva7Z]ilik~{Z.abkm|]u{Z]c^'a;il_ adsla;swhjk~rv_
g;_]shijZ]ilkm_b^{Z]iZpa;chjiZ]\7_prvaXZ]{Zl_ Zpuv\0ZprvacZ][}u.a;i;Z]_y.iaXcm_yzgdu{Zhjil_bcZ]rv_]za;
o S R $ R & / 0 {
 y
_
K~U I  s{Z^vZ]ilhE e g;u.cZrva=gEZi|wZ\0_kfade svrv_ylaKgd_ysuvs{ZXya;c~_gdkmr{Zr o ^'_yi,alad\0^vc~_
{Z]gdkZHcmZrvadiadg{Zpa;sa;hZ@v_Z rvadswhji_pr.a=uvsg;Z]\0^'_@\0Z]|ysafe hjk~g;_Hu.svk~}_yil\0aG^'O a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]iZ
cZpyadcm_g;k~r{Z]r ^'_yiala;\7^vc~_0{Zg;kZ7Z]rvadswhji_0rvaXa;lhjZ0v_Z adlhjZ0_]\0afhjkmrvZ0Zbuvs{Zb}uva;ilEZ0k~|yu{Z]c
Zo o 7 Q o 'uva@cmc~adZprvkmila;gdg;k_]e s^'a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]ihZsh_Z o gd_y\7_ZQ o adsBsuva;hji_g;Z]_.
{Z]gdkZ Z]iOilkm{ZVrvacmZV^Ze |ykms{Z V lhZV}uva;ilEZsv_{Z]g;a7hjiZ]{Zl_ O ZBuvaad@^'a;i^'a;s.rvkmgduvcZ]iZ cmZ
yadcm_g;k~r{Z]r ^'_yiKhjZ]swhj_Zuvs9rvad^vcmZ]EZ\0k~a;swhj_n o o n Z]E e cmZ0}uvadiEZsv_Z]i; e ZcmZa;svadi|ve Z
g;k~sade hkmg;Zrva@cmZ0^{Z]ih e g;uvcmZ. sv_Z]i;e Z0adc\_ye rvuvc~_rva@luO yadcmS _g;k~r{Z]r hZ0}uvadi;Za;=uvsvZ}uva;ilEZ
g;adswhji;e ^`afhZ ^`_yiGhZ]swh_a;ciZ]rvk~_ rvapcZbhjijZ a;gdh_yikmZg;k~ig;u.cZ]iIu.a@]ZZcmcmafZ]iIcmZ^{Z]ih e g;uvcmZ
a;h Zbe iadcZ]gdkm_ys{Zrv_pg;_ysVuyadcm_g;k~r{Z]rrvaXZ]g;u.a;ir._0gd_ys
 Q E  T E O
Q

E
O
O
chjk~a;\7^`_puvahZ]ilr{Zpa; sVr{Z]izuvsv Zbuvadc~j hZ{_7laEZ.{adct^`adiE e _rv_pr.a;ct\7_k~\0k~a;swhj_pgdkmigduvcZi;.ad
E

 w
Q
[ cZ@adsva;il|{ e ZpO g;k~sade hkmg;Zbr.aXcmZp^{Z]ilhE e gduvcZHg;Z]i|yZ]r{Z
q  , E Q
T
 y
E
O
uvaa;5^vil_y^`_]ig;k~_ys{Z]c.Z]cviZ]rvkm_Zc.g;uvZ]rvijZrv$!> _r.azcZ_ye ilvk~hjZ=g;kmilg;uvcmZ]i ZijZa;c{^vil_yvc~K a;\0Z 4 {Z]hZ
g;_]s luvlhk~hju.kmiK = D g;\Vv m7  Y=; .H E D.] 7  |
K~U 7 Z=yadcm_g;kmrvZ]r@hjk~a;svazuvsvZXgd_y\0^'_ysvadswhja gd_yU =^{Z]iZ]cmadcZ=ZcmZ=rvkmila;g;gdk_ye spr.a Q o wg;_y\7^`_
svadshal_yvilaXcmZ@uvasv_7Z]gdhTveu ZbcmZ uva;ilEZprva _yiO adsh a;cT^vi_rvuvgfhj_bya;gfhj_yilkZ]cTrvaa;lhjZpg;_y\7^`_
svadsha[rva[cmZ]a;c~_gdkmr{Z]r^`_]ia;cyadgdh_yi Q o adg;adi_Zcla;ic~_yrv_y]a;gdh_yiad^{Z]iZ]cmadcm_y ^'_yihZ]swhj_.
g;_]\0^'_ysvadshabu.a0sv_g;Z]\@vkmZa;s"\_ye r.uvcm_ Zgd_y\7^`_ys.a;swhjabrvabcZ]a;c~_gdkmr{Z]r^'a;il^`adsvrvkmgduvcZi
Z]c gEZ\0^'_H\0Z]|ysafe hjk~g;_vwadlhj_Ha; lkmys adcZuvaK^.i_rvuvg;aIuvs\7_k~\0k~a;swhj_gdkmigduvcZi5hjZ]c g;_y\7_
vad\0_ykmhj_adsadc^.i_yvc~a;\0Z0ZO sha;ilkm_yi Z7hijZ adgdhj_]ikZ7uvaHlkm|yuvacmZ7^{ZilhEe g;uvcmZp^`_yic~_7hjZ]swhj_
a;uvsvZ7ad^vk~ijZ]c cZ@^{ZilhEe g;uvcmZZ@hjijZEZ]svr._7u.s{Z7gdkmilg;uvs.}adiadsvg;kmZ ZpcZHyadla]Zprvad^vcmZ]EZsvrv_
Z c~_cmZ]i|y_rva0cZrvkmila;gdg;k_]e srva#Q o g;_]s uvs{Zya;c~_gdkmr{Zr g;_ys  P c,g;Z]'_rva0uvs{Z uvadc~hZcZ
g;_]\0^'_ysvadsha;IrvacmZb]a;c~_gdkmr{Z]ruva;cyads9Z0adlhZiIadscZb\7O km\0Zprvkmila;gdg;k_]e s uvaHZ]ctkmsvk~g;k~_v ^'_yi
cZadg;u{Z]gdk_ye s  w wa;c{hkma;\7^'_u.aIlaIila;uvkmadiaG^{Z]iZXr{Zi,adjZu.a;c~hjZXad E Q hkmad\0^'_rvuviZ]swhja
a;ctuvaXcZ@^vZ]ilhE e g;u.cZ@gEZi|wZ]rvZblavZbr.a;^.cZ];Z]rv_7uvs{ZprvkmhZ]s.g;kZ
E

&
Q O g;_yU 
Zbcm_pcZi|y_prvacmZ@rvkmila;g;gdk_ye srvadctgEZ]\7^'_7\0Z]|ysade hjk~g;_

408;O9FID;47LB:? F40< C98d:N>H? :L y4735< > 4 2~


: a;lgEZ]il|wZ=rvacZ] _yc~uvg;k~_ysva;Z]ut e Z]^viladhjZ]svrv_=cmZGha;g;cmZKrvadia;gvZr.a;c.iZh _]e sH_]via[adc.adsvcZ]gda[u.
ijZ Z]rv_va;cmad|ykmiz uvZ]ir{Zita;svcmZ]g;a5g;_]\0_y !5 afhjg;Z]^'a _u{Z]ilr{Z]i_]ladhk~y_Gg;_]\0_y e^vc~_yiadi
Z]iZu.u{Z]ilkm_yTrva k~su e`adcwZ]ilgvk~]_Gla5^vuva;r.aZvik~ig;_ysadcy^vi_]|yijZ]\0Z v_ylh k~Na a;lg;ilkmvk~i
s ;/]3/ i* /N a;sVuvs{Zbg;_ys._ycmZbr.ahfa ehj_
s i* N _7vkmad
Z]iZIuvlu{Z]ik~_yrva k~svrv_ ;yadcZ]igvky_=la^vu.a;rvaZ]vik~i gd_ysHadc^.i_y|yiZ]\0Z g;il_y{Zh a;Z]rva;i


You might also like